Evacuation System

Abstract

To provide an evacuation system capable of performing evacuation guidance by rapidly, easily, and effectively using an evacuation device when a fire occurs.SOLUTION: An evacuation system 10 includes: one or more evacuation devices 12 to be used for evacuation when a fire occurs; and a fire receiver 11 for determining a fire occurrence place in a building by a fire signal. When the fire signal is received, the fire receiver performs actuation control to identify at least one of actuation timing and actuation necessity with respect to at least one of the evacuation devices based on the fire signal.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an evacuation system that includes evacuation equipment used for evacuation in the event of a fire, and a fire receiver that can determine the location of a fire in a building based on a fire signal. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, evacuation equipment used for evacuees to evacuate from inside a building to the outside in an emergency such as a fire includes evacuation ladders, rescue bags, etc. Evacuation ladders used for evacuation from disasters such as fires and earthquakes in existing small buildings include those that are unlikely to break down, are highly durable, are unlikely to cause fear even when transferring from intermediate floors of a building, and have enhanced safety so that multiple people can use them consecutively (see, for example, Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2004-197456 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, the conventional techniques have the following problems. In the "Kyoto Animation arson incident" that occurred on July 18, 2019, a fire started on the evacuation floor, but due to the structure of the building, the fire quickly spread to the third floor. As a result, people who tried to escape to the rooftop collapsed on top of each other on the stairs, and many people were confirmed dead.

[0005] Therefore, when a fire occurs, it is important to identify the location of the fire and provide appropriate evacuation guidance to prevent casualties.

[0006] In addition, in the panic of a fire, it is extremely difficult for people who do not know how to use the evacuation equipment to read the instructions and use them smoothly and without injury. In particular, it is extremely difficult to read the instructions and operate the evacuation equipment in poor visibility due to smoke, as in the "Kyoto Animation arson incident."

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need to realize an evacuation system that can quickly, easily, and effectively utilize evacuation equipment in the event of a fire and provide evacuation guidance.

[0008] The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide an evacuation system that can quickly, simply, and effectively utilize evacuation equipment in the event of a fire to provide evacuation guidance. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] The evacuation system according to the present invention includes one or more evacuation devices to be used for evacuation in the event of a fire, and a Nearby The emergency exit lights are installed in the building and serve as indicator lights to show the locations of the evacuation equipment. The emergency exit lights also receive fire signals that contain location information to identify the location of the fire and respond to fire signals. based on A fire receiver that controls the lighting of emergency exit lights and the operation of evacuation equipment, the fire receiver comprising: For each location information that may be included in a fire signal, The evacuation equipment that should be activated and the timing of activation, and the emergency exit lights that should be turned on Prescribe The linkage table is stored in advance, Location information included in the received fire signal and Linkage table and Using It controls the operation of evacuation equipment and the lighting of emergency exit lights. Effect of the Invention

[0010] According to the present invention, a fire receiver that can determine the location of a fire in a building based on a fire signal has a function of executing operation control for one or more evacuation devices to be used for evacuation in the event of a fire, specifying at least one of the operation timing and the necessity for operation. As a result, an evacuation system can be obtained that can quickly, simply, and effectively utilize the evacuation devices in the event of a fire to guide evacuation. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0011] [Figure 1] 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an evacuation system in a first embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2] FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of an interlocking table in the first embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 3] FIG. 11 is a diagram explaining the roles of symbols used in the second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic layout of an entire building pattern 1 in a first embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 5] FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a schematic layout of the entire building pattern 2 in the second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a schematic layout of the first floor of a building pattern 2 in the second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a schematic layout of the second to fifth floors of a building pattern 2 in the second embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0012] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the evacuation system of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The present invention has a technical feature of providing an evacuation system having a function of executing operation control that specifies at least one of the operation timing and the necessity for operation of one or more evacuation devices depending on the location of a fire.

[0013] Embodiment 1 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an evacuation system according to the first embodiment of the present invention. An evacuation system 10 according to the first embodiment is configured to include a fire receiver 11 and N evacuation devices 12(1) to 12(N).

[0014] The evacuation equipment 12 is used for evacuation in the event of a fire, and may be one or more. In Fig. 1, a case of N pieces is illustrated as an example, but N may be an integer of 1 or more.

[0015] The fire receiver 11 has a function of determining the location of a fire in a building that is a target of fire monitoring by receiving one or more fire signals 1. In FIG. 1, an example is shown in which M fire signals can be received, where M can be an integer of 1 or more.

[0016] Here, fire signals include fire signals output when a smoke detector detects a predetermined amount of smoke or more, fire signals output when a heat detector detects a predetermined amount of heat or more, and fire signals output when a fire alarm is manually operated.

[0017] In the following, a case will be described in which the fire receiver 11 controls the operation of N evacuation devices 12(1) to 12(N) based on the reception results of M fire signals 1(1) to 1(M).

[0018] The fire receiver 11 according to the first embodiment identifies the location of the fire in the building being monitored when it receives one or more fire signals 1. When the fire signal 1 includes location information, the fire receiver 11 can identify the location of the fire from the location information included in the received fire signal 1.

[0019] Furthermore, even if the fire signal 1 does not include location information, if the fire signal 1 includes ID information for identifying each fire signal and the location information associated with the ID information is pre-stored in the memory unit as an ID-location association table, the fire receiver 11 can identify the location of the fire by extracting the location information corresponding to the ID information included in the received fire signal 1 from the ID-location association table.

[0020] Furthermore, the fire receiver 11 executes operation control for each of the evacuation devices 12(1) to 12(N) based on the result of identifying the location of the fire, to identify at least one of the operation timing and the necessity of operation.

[0021] As an example, the activation timing and activation necessity corresponding to each of the evacuation devices 12(1) to 12(N) and each of the position information can be associated and stored in advance as an interlocking table.

[0022] Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of an interlocking table in the first embodiment of the present invention. In Fig. 2, in order to simplify the explanation, a case where there are two fire signals 1 and M=2, and three evacuation devices and N=3 is illustrated.

[0023] In the "Need to operate" column in the interlocking table, either "Need" or "No" is set for all combinations of fire signals and evacuation devices. An evacuation device 12 with "Need" set in the "Need to operate" column means that it is an evacuation device that needs to be activated when the corresponding fire signal 1 is received. On the other hand, an evacuation device 12 with "No" set in the "Need to operate" column means that it is an evacuation device that does not need to be activated even when the corresponding fire signal 1 is received.

[0024] In addition, the "Activation Timing" column in the interlocking table specifies, for all combinations of fire signals and evacuation devices, how many seconds after the corresponding fire signal is received the evacuation device will begin to activate for each device whose "Activation Required" setting is "Required."

[0025] In the example of Fig. 2, the operation of the evacuation device 12(1) is explained. For the fire signal 1(1), the "operation necessity" is set to "yes" and the "operation timing" is set to "1 second", and for the fire signal 1(2), the "operation necessity" is set to "no". Therefore, when the fire receiver 11 receives the fire signal 1(1), it executes the operation control so as to operate the evacuation device 12(1) one second after receiving the fire signal 1(1) according to the interlocking table of Fig. 2. On the other hand, when the fire receiver 11 receives the fire signal 1(2), it executes the operation control so as not to operate the evacuation device 12(1) according to the interlocking table of Fig. 2.

[0026] 2, the operation of the evacuation device 12(2) when both fire signal 1(1) and fire signal 1(2) are received will be described. For fire signal 1(1), "activation necessity" is set to "necessary" and "activation timing" is set to "10 seconds", and for fire signal 1(2), "activation necessity" is set to "necessary" and "activation timing" is set to "5 seconds". Therefore, when the fire receiver 11 receives both fire signal 1(1) and fire signal 1(2), it executes operation control so as to activate the evacuation device 12(1) 10 seconds after receiving fire signal 1(1) or 5 seconds after receiving fire signal 1(2), whichever is earlier, according to the interlocking table in FIG. 2.

[0027] In Fig. 2, both "activation necessity" and "activation timing" are set in advance as an interlocking table, but the evacuation system according to the present invention is not limited to such an interlocking table. The fire receiver 11 can also execute operation control that specifies either "activation necessity" or "activation timing" by using an interlocking table in which only one of "activation necessity" and "activation timing" is set.

[0028] In other words, the fire control panel 11 can perform the following three controls. First operation control: An operation control that specifies only the operation timing and outputs an operation signal to each of one or more evacuation devices in accordance with the specified operation timing. Second operation control: Operation control that specifies only whether or not operation is required, and outputs an operation signal to each of one or more evacuation devices in accordance with the specified whether or not operation is required. Third operation control: Operation control that specifies both the necessity for operation and the timing of operation, and outputs an operation signal to each of one or more evacuation devices in accordance with the specified necessity for operation and the timing of operation.

[0029] 1, an emergency exit light can be provided near the evacuation equipment 12. In this case, when the fire receiver 11 determines that the operation of the evacuation equipment 12 is "necessary," it can immediately turn on the emergency exit light to guide evacuees in the direction of the evacuation equipment 12. Furthermore, the fire receiver 11 can activate the evacuation equipment 12 when a time set as "activation timing" has elapsed since turning on the emergency exit light.

[0030] Also, the interlocking table shown in FIG. 2 is just an example, and the fire receiver 11 can also execute operation control in the following procedure. Step 1: The evacuation equipment 12 is stored in association with installation location information. Step 2: When a fire signal is received, based on the results of comparing the location information contained in the fire signal with the installation location information associated with each of the evacuation devices, determine at least one of the activation timing and the necessity for activation for each of the evacuation devices, and execute activation control.

[0031] As described above, according to the first embodiment, it is possible to realize an evacuation system having a function of executing operation control that specifies at least one of the operation timing and the necessity of operation of one or more evacuation devices according to the location of a fire. As a result, it is possible to promptly, easily, and effectively use the evacuation devices to guide evacuation when a fire occurs.

[0032] Embodiment 2 In the second embodiment, a specific configuration, a series of operations, and various examples of the evacuation system described in the first embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[0033] First, the symbols used in each figure will be explained. Figure 3 is a diagram explaining the roles of symbols used in the second embodiment of the present invention. In Figure 3, the symbols and roles of "smoke detector", "evacuation light", and "fire receiver" are shown.

[0034] A smoke detector outputs a fire signal when it detects a predetermined amount of smoke or more in the area in which it is installed, and a heat detector outputs a fire signal when it detects a predetermined amount of heat or more in the area in which it is installed.

[0035] The emergency exit lights are installed near the evacuation equipment 12 and serve as indicator lights for indicating the installation positions of the evacuation equipment 12. The fire receiver 11 controls the turning on and off of the emergency exit lights.

[0036] When the fire receiver 11 receives a fire signal output from a smoke detector, a heat detector, etc., it controls the lighting of the emergency exit lights and the operation of the evacuation equipment 12. Furthermore, the fire receiver 11 can notify a security company or the like that a fire has occurred by outputting a notification signal to the outside.

[0037] The complex emergency alarm device is an integrated device that combines an emergency light, a bell, and a push button. Specifically, when the push button is pressed, the complex emergency alarm device transmits a fire signal, controls the illumination of the indicator light, controls the ringing of the bell, controls the illumination of the emergency exit light, and controls the operation of the evacuation device 12.

[0038] An escape ladder, which is an example of an escape device, can be automatically activated in response to a command from the fire receiver 11 or the emergency alarm device complex, and is configured to be extended from the floor on which it is installed to the floor below in the building.

[0039] <Example 1> Building pattern 1 Example 1 will be described with reference to Fig. 4. Fig. 4 is a diagram showing a schematic overall layout of building pattern 1 in Example 1 of the present invention. Building pattern 1 has the following characteristics in terms of building type and evacuation route. -Type of building: 5-story building with smoke detectors on each floor Evacuation route: 1 staircase, 1 evacuation device (emergency stairs)

[0040] In the first embodiment of the present invention, in order to compare a series of operations of the evacuation system when a fire occurs at four different locations, the following four cases will be described as examples. Case 1: A fire breaks out on the first floor Case 2: A fire breaks out on the second floor Case 3: A fire breaks out near the stairs on the third floor Case 4: A fire breaks out near the stairs on the 5th floor

[0041] (1) Case 1: A fire breaks out on the first floor When the smoke detector installed on the first floor outputs a fire signal, the fire receiver 11 immediately turns on all the emergency exit lights installed on the second to fifth floors according to the interlocking table, and after a delay time due to the activation timing has elapsed, it deploys the escape ladder, which is an escape device. This allows evacuees on any floor to evacuate using the nearest staircase or escape ladder. In this case, the separately installed fire door of the staircase automatically closes in the event of a fire, allowing safe evacuation without fire or smoke entering.

[0042] If a smoke detector installed on the staircase outputs a fire signal, the fire receiver 11 can execute the same operation control as when a smoke detector installed on the first floor outputs a fire signal, according to the interlocking table. This allows evacuees to avoid the staircase, where the fire originates, and to head to the evacuation route by relying on the light of the emergency exit lights, allowing them to evacuate safely.

[0043] (2) Case 2: A fire breaks out on the second floor When both smoke detectors installed on the second floor output a fire signal, the fire receiver 11 turns on only the emergency exit lights installed on the second floor according to the interlocking table, and deploys the escape ladder, which is an evacuation device, after a delay time due to the activation timing has elapsed. By controlling the operation in this way, it is possible to encourage evacuees on the second floor who have difficulty using the stairs to use the escape ladder.

[0044] In addition, by not turning on the emergency exit lights for the third floor and above, evacuees on the third floor and above are forced to evacuate using the stairs. At that time, since there is a possibility that the stairs will become congested with evacuees on the third floor and above, evacuees on the second floor who are unable to reach the stairs due to the fire will be given priority to evacuate using the emergency ladder.

[0045] (3) Case 3: A fire breaks out near the stairs on the third floor When the smoke detector on the staircase side of the two smoke detectors installed on the third floor outputs a fire signal, the fire receiver 11 turns on the emergency lights installed on the third to fifth floors according to the interlocking table, does not turn on the emergency light installed on the second floor, which is lower than the location of the fire, and deploys the escape ladder, which is an evacuation device, after a delay time due to the activation timing has elapsed.

[0046] This allows evacuees on the third to fifth floors, where the fire started, to use either the stairs or the escape ladder, encouraging them to use the escape ladder that is farther away from the fire site. Furthermore, by having evacuees on the second floor use an escape route that uses the stairs, they can evacuate safely and quickly.

[0047] (4) Case 4: A fire breaks out near the stairs on the fifth floor If the smoke detector on the staircase side of the two smoke detectors installed on the 5th floor outputs a fire signal, the fire receiver 11 will turn on the emergency lights installed on the 5th floor in accordance with the interlocking table, as in Case 3, and will not turn on the emergency lights installed on the 2nd to 4th floors below the location of the fire, and will deploy the escape ladder, which is an evacuation device, after a delay time due to the activation timing has elapsed.

[0048] The light of the emergency exit lights can encourage evacuees on the floor where the fire started to avoid the stairs near the source of the fire and to use escape ladders farther from the source of the fire. Furthermore, evacuees on the second to fourth floors can be encouraged to use escape routes that use the stairs, and evacuees on the fifth floor can be encouraged to use escape ladders farther from the source of the fire. This allows for safe and rapid evacuation.

[0049] The above-described cases are not limited to the construction of building pattern 1. For example, in a six-story apartment building where heat detectors are installed on each floor from the second to sixth floors, and smoke detectors are installed in the common corridors, stairs, and on the first floor, it is possible to operate in the same way by matching the floors.

[0050] <Example 2> Building pattern 2 Example 2 will be described with reference to Fig. 5. Fig. 5 is a diagram showing a schematic overall layout of building pattern 2 in Example 2 of the present invention. In Fig. 5, the right side of the paper corresponds to the east direction. Although not shown, on each of the second to fifth floors, emergency exit lights are installed near the windows where evacuation equipment is installed.

[0051] Fig. 6 is a diagram showing a schematic layout of the first floor of building pattern 2 in Example 2 of the present invention. Furthermore, Fig. 7 is a diagram showing a schematic layout of the second to fifth floors of building pattern 2 in Example 2 of the present invention. In Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, the downward direction on the paper surface corresponds to the north direction.

[0052] Building pattern 2 has the following characteristics in terms of building type and evacuation route: -Type of building: 5-story private lodging, heat detectors installed in each room on the 1st to 5th floors, and smoke detectors installed in the hallways Evacuation route: 1 central staircase, 2 escape devices (escape ladders)

[0053] The receiver 11 also includes an interlocking table according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, in the second embodiment, the area subject to fire monitoring is divided into 10 areas, and the evacuation devices 12 and emergency exit lights that should be interlocked when each area is identified as the location of a fire are specified in advance.

[0054] In the third embodiment, specific operations will be described using the following three cases as examples. Case 1: A fire breaks out on the first floor Case 2: When a fire breaks out on the west side of the second floor Case 3: A fire breaks out on the east side of the third floor

[0055] (1) Case 1: A fire breaks out on the first floor In the event of a fire breaking out on the first floor, the fire receiver 11 immediately turns on all emergency exit lights installed on the west and east sides of the second to fifth floors in accordance with the interlocking table, and also extends both the evacuation ladders corresponding to the evacuation equipment on the west side and the evacuation ladders corresponding to the evacuation equipment on the east side.

[0056] (2) Case 2: A fire breaks out on the west side of the second floor In the event of a fire breaking out on the west side of the second floor, the fire receiver 11 immediately turns on all emergency exit lights installed on the east side of the second to fifth floors in accordance with the interlocking table, and also extends the escape ladders that correspond to the escape equipment on the east side.

[0057] (3) Case 3: A fire breaks out on the east side of the third floor In the event of a fire breaking out on the east side of the third floor, the fire receiver 11 will immediately turn on the emergency exit lights installed on the west side of the third to fifth floors in accordance with the interlocking table, will not turn on the emergency exit lights installed on the west side of the second floor, which is a floor below the location of the fire, and will deploy the escape ladder, which is equivalent to the escape equipment on the west side.

[0058] By controlling the operation in this way, it is possible to safely and quickly guide evacuees wherever they are in the building to the appropriate evacuation route depending on the location of the fire.

[0059] In both the first and second embodiments of the present invention, the fire receiver 11 is provided with an interlocking table, but the present invention can be implemented to obtain the same effect even in a building that does not have a fire receiver and is provided with only equipment such as an emergency alarm system or a transmitter that issues an alarm by pressing a push button when a person actually discovers a fire. In that case, the emergency alarm system should store the interlocking table as described in each embodiment, and should further be provided with a wireless or wired device that can instruct the operation of the evacuation equipment. [Explanation of symbols]

[0060] 1 Fire signal, 10 Evacuation system, 11 Fire receiver, 12 Evacuation equipment.

Claims

1. One or more evacuation devices to be used for evacuation in the event of a fire; An emergency exit light provided near the one or more evacuation devices and serving as an indicator light for indicating the installation position of the evacuation device; a fire receiver that receives a fire signal including location information for identifying a location of a fire, and controls the illumination of the emergency exit lights and the operation of the evacuation devices based on the fire signal; An evacuation system comprising: The fire receiver includes: A linkage table is stored in advance, which specifies the evacuation device to be activated, the activation timing, and the guide light to be turned on for each of the location information that may be included in the fire signal; The operation control of the evacuation device and the lighting control of the emergency exit light are executed using the position information included in the received fire signal and the interlocking table. Evacuation system.

2. The one or more escape devices are escape ladders that extend from an installation floor to a lower floor of a multi-story building. The evacuation system according to claim 1 .

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