Fluidization device and method for processing particulate materials - Patents.com

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fluidizing device 1 for processing a particulate material M and to a method of using said fluidizing device.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a fluidization device for processing fine particulate material, comprising a fluidization unit having a longitudinal axis, the fluidization unit having a perforated receiving bottom dividing the fluidization unit into a distribution chamber and a fluidization chamber disposed above the distribution chamber; wherein the fluidization chamber is provided with a material inlet for the material to be treated, and the distribution chamber having a material outlet face and lower and upper edges; Material a material discharge section provided with a material outlet for the material, In this case, the receiving bottom is arranged above the upper edge of the material outlet in the active state, and The distribution chamber includes a fluid inlet, and the fluidization chamber includes: From the fluid inlet through the perforated receiving bottom Flow A fluid outlet is provided for process gas to flow to a fluid outlet and fluidize the material within the fluidization chamber.

[0002] Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for processing particulate material in a fluidization device comprising a fluidization unit having a longitudinal axis, the fluidization unit having a perforated receiving bottom dividing the fluidization unit into a distribution chamber and a fluidization chamber disposed above the distribution chamber; wherein the fluidization chamber is provided with a material inlet for the material to be treated, and the distribution chamber having a material outlet face and lower and upper edges; Material a material discharge section provided with a material outlet for the material, In this case, the receiving bottom is arranged above the upper edge of the material outlet in the active state, and The distribution chamber includes a fluid inlet, and the fluidization chamber includes: From the fluid inlet through the perforated receiving bottom Flow a fluid outlet for a process gas to flow to a fluid outlet and fluidize the material within the fluidization chamber; In operation, the fluidization chamber is first filled with the material to be treated via the material inlet, and then the material is treated by the process gas flowing through the fluidization chamber. [Background technology]

[0003] Fluidizers and turbulent bed devices for the treatment of finely divided materials have been known for a long time already.

[0004] Patent document 1 discloses a fluidized bed apparatus for processing fine particulate materials, which comprises a chamber surrounding a distribution chamber, a perforated receiving bottom arranged above the distribution chamber, an inlet and an outlet for the process gas, and a discharge opening defining a height and an opening surface having lower and upper edges, wherein the receiving bottom is positioned above the lower edge of the discharge opening such that the opening surface of the discharge opening is divided into an opening surface below the receiving bottom and an opening surface below the receiving bottom.

[0005] Here, it is a disadvantage that a shut-off device, such as a flip-top, is required for closing the fluidized bed apparatus, and the position of this shut-off device at the discharge opening requires a complex geometry adapted to the geometry of the fluidized bed apparatus. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] European Patent Application Publication No. 2 611 531 A1 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] The object of the present invention is therefore, on the one hand, to further improve the discharge of fluidizers in terms of discharge rate, and, on the other hand, to simultaneously overcome the disadvantages of the prior art. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] This object is achieved by a fluidization apparatus of the type described at the outset, the receiving bottom is arranged to be movable relative to the fluidization unit, and the receiving bottom is positioned at least partially below an upper edge of the material outlet in the discharge position by the movement of the receiving bottom relative to the fluidization unit; Thus, to discharge the treated material from the fluidization unit: The receiving bottom Along the section, a fluid connection is formed between the material outlet disposed within the distribution chamber and the fluidization chamber; This is solved by: Effect of the Invention

[0009] In the operating position, the receiving base is located above the upper edge of the material outlet.

[0010] When the receiving bottom is in the working position, the fluidizer is in working condition, whereby in the working position, material can be processed in the fluidization chamber without material discharge through the material outlet.

[0011] In the discharge position, the flow receiving base is positioned at least partially below an upper edge of the fluid inlet relative to the fluidizer by movement of the flow receiving base, and in the discharge position, the fluidizer is in a discharge state.

[0012] In the preferred fluidization device, the receiving bottom is separated from the fluidization chamber and the distribution chamber in the operating state, so that due to the position of the receiving bottom in the operating state (i.e. above the upper edge of the material outlet), sealing of the material outlet is no longer necessary during the treatment of the particulate material. A sealing device arranged at the material discharge can therefore be omitted, which structurally leads to a significantly simpler technical embodiment and thus also involves a saving in production costs. The fine-particle material M is fluidized in the fluidization chamber, so that the material M behaves essentially like a liquid.

[0013] Advantageously, the relative movement between the receiving bottom and the fluidization unit allows the fine particulate material to be discharged through the material discharge after treatment, which can be carried out in a structure and manner in which the process gas assists the discharge of the treated material through the material discharge. In this case, the receiving bottom is positioned such that in the discharge position the material outlet surface of the material outlet is divided into a process gas outlet below the receiving bottom and a material outlet partial surface above the receiving bottom.

[0014] According to a related advantageous configuration of the fluidization device, the fluidization unit has a pivot axis extending transversely to the longitudinal axis of the fluidization unit, on which the receiving bottom is arranged so as to be pivotable. Expediently, this pivot axis extends perpendicular to the central longitudinal axis of the fluidization unit. This configuration allows a simple relative movement in the form of a pivoting movement about a pivot axis, whereby, on the one hand, the material discharge of the material discharge arranged in the distribution chamber is opened for the discharge of the material processed in the fluidization chamber, and, on the other hand, this discharge is facilitated - as in the case of liquids - by the inclined position of the receiving bottom. Moreover, the bottom part is preferably pivoted about the pivot axis by an angle between 0° and 60°, expediently by an angle between 5° and 10°. This swirling movement essentially creates a ring-shaped or sickle-shaped gap between the receiving bottom and the distribution chamber and / or fluidization chamber, which should not be too large, since here, otherwise, in the discharge state, there is a risk that the processed material can reach into the distribution chamber, despite the through-flow of this gap with the process gas. In principle, the gap is sealed by the process gas.

[0015] In a further advantageous, and in this respect alternative, configuration of the fluidizer, the receiving bottom is arranged movably in the axial direction of the longitudinal axis, the receiving bottom being moved in the axial direction of the longitudinal axis in the form of a linear movement. The bottom is expediently moved until its upper side is flush with the lower edge or is positioned below the edge. Advantageously, the bottom is moved in the axial direction of the longitudinal axis. Also optionally, the material discharge can be opened after the treatment of the fine material for improved discharge.

[0016] More preferably, the fluidization unit has a pivot axis which extends transversely to the longitudinal axis of the fluidization unit and is arranged movably in the axial direction of the longitudinal axis, on which the receiving bottom is arranged so as to be pivotable. With this configuration of the fluidizer, the advantages of both alternative embodiments of the advantageous fluidizer, i.e. the pivoting movement and the linear movement, are combined, in addition to which the gap formed between the fluidization unit and the receiving bottom is smaller.

[0017] According to an additional advantageous configuration of the fluidization device, the receiving bottom, in particular the upper side of the receiving bottom, is positioned in the discharge position flush with the lower edge of the material outlet or at least partially below the lower edge of the material outlet by the movement of the receiving bottom relative to the fluidization unit. Particularly advantageously, the receiving bottom, in particular its upper side, is positioned under the lower edge of the material outlet in the discharge position due to the movement of the receiving bottom relative to the fluidization unit, so that the material outlet surface is maximally open, and thus the discharge of the treated material can take place efficiently and quickly.

[0018] It is furthermore advantageous for the material discharge to have a shut-off device, by means of which the material discharge can be closed or opened, whereby it is possible to control the time of opening of the material discharge.

[0019] The task is, in addition, to: After the operating state, the receiving bottom, which is arranged to be movable relative to the fluidization unit, the receiving bottom is moved to a discharge position such that at least a portion of the receiving bottom is positioned below an upper edge of the material outlet; Therefore, the receiving bottom Along the section, a fluid connection is formed between the material outlet disposed within the distribution chamber and the fluidization chamber; and the treated material is discharged from the fluidization unit through the material outlet. This is solved by:

[0020] In the working position, the receiving base is located above the upper edge of the material outlet, and when the receiving base is in the working position, the fluidizer is in working condition, whereby in the working position, material can be processed in the fluidization chamber without material being discharged through the material outlet.

[0021] In the discharge position, the flow receiving base is positioned at least partially below an upper edge of the fluid inlet relative to the fluidizer by movement of the flow receiving base, and in the discharge position, the fluidizer is in a discharge state.

[0022] In the preferred fluidization device, the receiving bottom separates the fluidization chamber and the distribution chamber in the operative state, so that due to the position of the receiving bottom in the operative state (i.e. above the upper edge of the material outlet), sealing of the material outlet is no longer necessary during the treatment of the particulate material. A sealing device arranged at the material discharge can therefore be omitted, which leads structurally to a significantly simpler technical embodiment and thus likewise entails a saving in production costs.

[0023] Advantageously, the relative movement between the receiving bottom and the fluidization unit allows the finely divided material to be discharged through the material discharge after treatment. This relative movement in the form of a swiveling and / or linear movement can be implemented in such a structure and manner that the process gas assists the discharge of the treated material through the material discharge. In this case, the receiving bottom is positioned such that in the discharge position the material outlet surface of the material outlet is divided into a process gas outlet below the receiving bottom and a material outlet partial surface above the receiving bottom.

[0024] According to a related advantageous further configuration of the method, the fluidization unit has a pivot axis extending transversely to the longitudinal axis of the fluidization unit, on which the receiving bottom is arranged rotatably and about which the receiving bottom is swiveled expediently by 5° to 10° after the treatment of the finely divided material. This configuration allows a simple relative movement in the form of a pivoting movement about a pivot axis, whereby, on the one hand, the material discharge of the material discharge arranged in the distribution chamber is opened for the discharge of the material processed in the fluidization chamber, and, on the other hand, this discharge is facilitated by the inclined position of the receiving bottom. Moreover, the receiving bottom is preferably pivoted about the pivot axis by an angle between 0° and 60°, expediently by an angle of 5° to 10°. This swirling movement creates a basically sickle-shaped or ring-shaped gap between the receiving bottom and the distribution chamber and / or the fluidization chamber, which should not be too large, since here there is a risk that, in the discharge state, the processed material can reach the distribution chamber, despite the through-flow of this gap with the process gas, which expediently seals this gap in the discharge state.

[0025] In a further advantageous embodiment of the method, the flow receiving base is arranged movably in the axial direction of the longitudinal axis and is moved in the axial direction of the longitudinal axis in the form of a linear movement until the flow receiving base is positioned below the lower edge in an expedient manner. Advantageously, the receiving bottom is displaced axially of the longitudinal axis.Also by means of a selective configuration, the material discharge is opened after treatment of the finely divided material for improved discharge.

[0026] It is particularly advantageous if the bottom part performs a pivoting movement and a linear movement when moving to the discharge position. In this case, the bottom part is, on the one hand, pivoted about the pivot axis by a pivoting movement, and, on the other hand, moved in the axial direction of the longitudinal axis in the form of a linear movement. The pivoting and linear movements can be carried out one after the other in any suitable sequence or simultaneously with one another, whereby the advantages of the linear movement as well as the pivoting movement can be exploited.

[0027] According to an additional advantageous further configuration of the method, the receiving bottom is moved relative to the fluidization unit such that in the discharge position at least a part of the receiving bottom is positioned below the edge of the lower side of the material outlet. Particularly preferably, the receiving bottom is moved relative to the fluidization unit such that in the discharge position the receiving bottom is positioned below the edge of the lower side of the material outlet. Alternatively, the upper edge of the receiving bottom is arranged flush with the lower edge of the material discharge section. In both cases, the material outlet surface is maximally open, so that the discharge of the processed material can take place efficiently and quickly.

[0028] A further advantageous point is that The material discharge section has a shut-off device, which opens the material discharge section as soon as the receiving bottom section is in the discharge position. Expediently, the shut-off device opens the material discharge as soon as at least a part of the receiving bottom is positioned below the lower edge of the material outlet, so that the material outlet surface is maximally open and the material processed in the fluidization chamber of the fluidization unit 3 can be efficiently and time-savingly discharged from the fluidization unit of the fluidization device.

[0029] The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0030] [Figure 1]FIG. 2 shows a schematic, illustrative plan view of a first embodiment of a fluidization device in an operating position, along the cross section AA. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a first embodiment of a fluidization device in an operating position, with a receiving bottom arranged on the pivot axis, in a horizontal position, and a cross-sectional view along the section AA shown in FIG. 1. [Diagram 3] 2 is a cross-sectional view along the section AA shown in FIG. 1, showing a schematic illustration of a first embodiment of a fluidization device in a discharge position, having a receiving bottom arranged on the pivot axis, in a position pivoted around the pivot axis by an angle α. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 shows a schematic, illustrative plan view of a first embodiment of a fluidization device in a discharge position. [Diagram 5] FIG. 2 shows a schematic, illustrative plan view of a second embodiment of a fluidization device in an operative position, along the cross section AA. [Figure 6] A cross-sectional view along the section AA shown in Figure 5, showing a schematic illustration of a second embodiment of a fluidization device in an operating position, with a receiving bottom arranged in a plane ZZ, in a horizontal position. [Figure 7] A cross-sectional view along the section AA shown in Figure 5, showing a schematic illustration of a second embodiment of a fluidization device in a discharge position, with a receiving bottom arranged in the plane Z'-Z', in a horizontal position. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a portion A shown in FIG. [Figure 9] FIG. 2 shows a schematic, illustrative plan view of a third embodiment of a fluidization device in an operative position, along the cross section AA. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view along section AA in FIG. 9, showing a schematic illustration of a third embodiment of a fluidization device in an operating position, with the receiving bottom disposed in plane ZZ, in a horizontal position. [Figure 11]FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of a cross-sectional view along the section AA shown in FIG. 9 of the third embodiment of the fluidization device in the discharge position, in which the receiving bottom has been moved in the axial direction of the longitudinal axis XX into the plane Z'-Z' and pivoted by an angle α around the pivot axis. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0031] Unless expressly stated otherwise, the following description relates to the entire embodiment illustrated in the figures of a fluidization device 1 for the treatment of particulate material M.

[0032] FIG. 1 shows a schematic, illustrative plan view of a first embodiment of a fluidization device 1 formed as a turbulent bed device 2, together with the cross section AA. The fluidization device 1 comprises a fluidization unit 3 having a central longitudinal axis XX, in which a discharge pipe 4 is arranged with a central axis YY standing perpendicular to the longitudinal axis XX, said central axis YY and said longitudinal axis XX defining a cross section AA. The melting unit 1 is in an operating state.

[0033] In FIG. 2, a cross-sectional view along the section AA shown in FIG. 1 is illustrated by a schematic illustration of a first embodiment of a fluidization device 1 formed as a turbulent bed device 2 in an operating position.

[0034] The fluidization unit 3 is equipped with a perforated receiving bottom 7 which divides the fluidization unit 3 into a distribution chamber 5 and a fluidization chamber 6 arranged above the distribution chamber 5 . In the working position, the receiving bottom 7 is located in a plane ZZ defined perpendicular to the cross section AA, so that in the working position the material M to be treated is located in the fluidization chamber 6 above the receiving bottom 7. When the receiving bottom 7 is in the working position, the melting unit 1 is in operation.

[0035] The fluidization unit 3 of the fluidization device 1 configured as a turbulent bed device 2 is rotationally symmetrical about the longitudinal axis XX. Other geometric shapes, such as rectangular, in particular square, can be realized in other, not shown, embodiments.

[0036] In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the distribution chamber 5 has a cylindrical shape with a constant distribution chamber inner diameter 9 over the distribution chamber height 8 . The distribution chamber 5 comprises a distribution chamber wall 10 radially spaced apart with respect to the longitudinal axis XX. The distribution chamber wall 10 has an inner surface of the distribution chamber wall 10, referred to as the inner distribution chamber wall 11, and an outer surface of the distribution chamber wall 10, referred to as the outer distribution chamber wall 12.

[0037] Likewise, the fluidization chamber 6 is also cylindrical in the illustrated embodiment, with the fluidization chamber 6 having, in contrast to the distribution chamber 5, a conical shape with a fluidization chamber inner diameter 14 which becomes larger from bottom to top over the fluidization chamber height 13. The fluidization chamber 6 comprises a fluidization chamber wall 15 spaced apart relative to the longitudinal axis XX. The fluidization chamber wall 15 has an inner surface thereof, referred to as an inner fluidization chamber wall 16, and an outer surface thereof, referred to as an outer fluidization chamber wall 17.

[0038] The fluidization chamber 6 is additionally provided with a material inlet 18 for the material M to be treated, and the distribution chamber 5 is provided with a material outlet 19 for the treated material M'. The material discharge 19 is in particular configured as a discharge pipe 4 with a discharge pipe wall 20, which in the embodiment shown in Fig. 2 is arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal axis XX of the fluidization unit 3 and rotationally symmetrical about the central axis YY in the distribution chamber wall 10. A material outlet 21 of the material discharge 19 is thereby arranged in such a way that it is formed flush with the inner distribution chamber wall 11. The material outlet 21 has a material outlet face 22 and is provided with lower and upper edges 23a, 23b for the discharge of the material M' that has been treated in the fluidization chamber 6.

[0039] Furthermore, the distribution chamber 5 has a fluid inlet 24 and the fluidization chamber 6 has a fluid outlet 25 . In the operating position shown in FIG. 2, the perforated receiving bottom 7 is arranged in a horizontal position in the plane ZZ, with the process gas PG flowing into the fluidization unit 3 at the fluid inlet 24 and from there through the perforated receiving bottom 7 to the fluid outlet 25, where the process gas flows out of the fluidization unit 3. The perforated receiving bottom 7 expediently has through-openings (not shown) for the process gas PG, which generate a pressure loss during the through-flow, which in the operating state, i.e. in the operating position of the receiving bottom 7, fluidizes the material M to be treated in the fluidization chamber 6.

[0040] The receiving bottom 7 is arranged in the fluidization unit 3 so as to be movable relative to the fluidization unit 3. In the embodiment of the fluidization device 1 shown in FIG. 2, the fluidization unit 3 has a pivot axis 26 extending transversely to the longitudinal axis XX of the fluidization unit 3, on which the receiving bottom 7 is arranged so as to be pivotable. In the illustrated first embodiment of the fluidization device 1, the pivot axis 26 expediently extends perpendicular to the longitudinal axis XX of the fluidization unit 3 and perpendicular to the central axis YY of the discharge pipe 4. In the operating state of the fluidization device 1 illustrated in FIG. 2, the receiving bottom 7 is arranged above the upper edge 23b. This ensures that during the treatment of the fine-grained material M, no material M is discharged from the fluidization unit 3 of the fluidization device 1 by the process gas PG in the fluidization chamber 6.

[0041] 3 shows a fluidizer 1 configured as a turbulent bed device 2 in the discharge state. After treatment of the finely divided material M in the turbulent bed device 2, the treated material M' is discharged from the fluidizer 1 in the discharge state. For this purpose, the receiving bottom part 7 is moved relative to the fluidization unit 3 in the form of a pivoting movement, so that it is pivoted about the pivot axis 26 to the discharge position and positioned within the fluidization unit 3.

[0042] In the discharge position, the receiving bottom 7 is pivoted about the pivot axis 26 by an angle α so that at least a part of the receiving bottom 7 is positioned below the upper edge 23b of the material outlet 21, and thus the receiving bottom 7 is in a position to discharge the treated material M' from the fluidization unit 3 through the discharge pipe 4 of the fluidization device 1. Along the 7th A fluid connection is formed between a material outlet 21 arranged in the distribution chamber 5 and the fluidization chamber 6 . Expediently, the receiving bottom 7 is turned by an angle of 5° to 10°, so that the treated material M' flows in the direction towards the material outlet. The discharge of the treated material M' is assisted by the process gas PG, which also in the discharge state flows from the fluid inlet 24 to the fluid outlet 25 through the fluidization unit 3 of the fluidization device 1. Advantageously, due to this pivoting movement, part of the receiving base 7 is positioned below the lower edge 23a, so that the material outlet face 22 of the material outlet 21 is opened as widely as possible, which additionally promotes an improved discharge of the treated material M'.

[0043] In the discharge position, due to the pivoting movement of the receiving bottom 7, which is pivoted about the pivot axis 26, a gap 27 is formed between the receiving bottom 7 and the fluidization unit 3, in particular between this receiving bottom 7 and the distribution chamber inner wall 11 and / or the fluidization chamber inner wall 16, which gap essentially extends around the entire circumference of the receiving bottom 7. The width of the gap formed thereby varies. Through this gap 27, in the discharge state, the process gas PG flows, so that the treated material M' cannot reach or fall from the fluidization chamber 6 into the distribution chamber 5 during discharge.

[0044] In the embodiment shown, the receiving bottom 7 is positioned such that in the discharge position the material flow outlet surface 22 of the material flow outlet 21 is divided into a material flow outlet partial surface 28 above the receiving bottom 7 and a process gas flow outlet surface 29 below the receiving bottom 7.

[0045] In Fig. 4, a schematic, illustrated plan view of a first embodiment of the fluidization device 1 corresponding to Fig. 1 is shown, the fluidization device 1 being in the discharge state, the receiving bottom 7 being arranged in a position pivoted by an angle α about the pivot axis 26, so that a gap 27 which varies in gap width is formed between the receiving bottom 7 and the fluidization unit 3, in particular the distribution chamber inner wall 11 and / or the fluidization chamber inner wall 16. Through this gap 27 the process gas PG flows during the exhaust step so that no treated material M′ can reach into the distribution chamber 5 .

[0046] FIG. 5 shows a schematic, illustrative plan view, corresponding to FIG. 1, of a second embodiment of a fluidization device 1 configured as a turbulent bed device 2, together with the cross section AA. The fluidization device 1 comprises a fluidization unit 3 having a central longitudinal axis XX, in which a discharge pipe 4 is arranged with a central axis YY standing perpendicular to the longitudinal axis XX, said central axis YY and said longitudinal axis XX defining a cross section AA. The melting unit 1 is in an operating state.

[0047] A schematic cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of a fluidization device 1 in an operational state, taken along section AA in FIG. 5, is shown in FIG. In the operating position, the receiving bottom 7 is located in a plane ZZ defined perpendicular to the cross section AA, and thus the material M to be treated is located in the fluidization chamber 6 above the receiving bottom 7 in the operating state.

[0048] Moreover, the second embodiment of the fluidization device 1 is essentially constructed in the same way as the first embodiment of the fluidization device 1. Both embodiments differ only in the technical implementation of the relative movements carried out between the fluidization unit 3 and the receiving bottom 7. Instead of a pivoting movement - as in the first embodiment - the receiving base 7 in the second embodiment performs a linear movement in the axial direction 30 of the longitudinal axis XX. The receiving base 7 is accordingly arranged so as to be movable in the axial direction 30 of the longitudinal axis XX.

[0049] In Fig. 7, a cross section along the section AA of Fig. 5 is shown with a schematic illustration of a second embodiment of the fluidizer 1 in a horizontal position in the discharge position, with the receiving base 7 arranged in the plane Z'-Z'. The plane Z'-Z' runs parallel to the plane ZZ at a distance d. The receiving base 7 is shifted downwards by the distance d in the axial direction 30 of the central longitudinal axis XX, i.e. from the plane ZZ into the plane Z'-Z'. Expediently, the upper edge 31 or the upper side 32 of the receiving bottom 7 is arranged at the same height as the lower edge 23a of the material outlet 21. The upper edge 31 and / or the upper side 32 are in particular arranged tangentially to the lower edge 23a of the material outlet 21. As a result, the material outlet face 22 of the material outlet 21 is completely open, so that the discharge of the processed material M' can take place in an improved manner.

[0050] Expediently, in the region of the material outlet 21, in the perforated receiving bottom 7, discharge openings 33 are formed which are oriented in accordance with the illustrated arrows 34 towards the material outlet 21, so that in the discharge state, the discharge of the treated material M' is additionally assisted by the process gas PG.

[0051] FIG. 8 shows an enlarged view of the portion A shown in FIG. The perforated receiving bottom 7 has through-openings 35 through which the process gas PG flows in order to fluidize the particulate material M to be treated in the fluidization chamber 6. The through-openings 35 can be arranged in any suitable manner, with the through-openings 35 being formed in a specific number and through-opening diameter according to specific requirements. In the region of the material outlet 21, in the perforated receiving bottom 7, a discharge opening 33 is arranged. The process gas PG flows through the discharge opening 33 in the direction of the arrow 34 and thus supports an efficient and rapid discharge of the treated material M' at the discharge position. In addition, the upper edge 31 and / or the upper surface 32 of the perforated receiving bottom 7 are lowered flush up to the level of the lower edge 23a of the material outlet 21, whereby the discharge of the processed material M' is additionally supported on the basis of a material outlet surface 22 that is as large as possible.

[0052] FIG. 9 shows a schematic, illustrative plan view of a third embodiment of a fluidization device 1 formed as a turbulent bed device 2 with the cross section AA. The fluidization device 1 comprises a fluidization unit 3 having a central longitudinal axis XX, in which a discharge pipe 4 is arranged with a central axis YY standing perpendicular to the longitudinal axis XX, said central axis YY and said longitudinal axis XX defining a cross section AA. The melting unit 1 is in an operating state.

[0053] In Figure 10, a cross-sectional view along section AA of Figure 9 is shown with the receiving bottom 7 in a horizontal position, arranged in plane ZZ, by a schematic illustration of a third embodiment of the fluidization device 1 in an operating state.

[0054] The third embodiment of the fluidization device 1 is essentially a combination of both first embodiments. Similarly in the third embodiment the receiving bottom 7 is movable relative to the fluidization unit 3. In contrast to the first and second embodiments, the receiving bottom 7 of the third embodiment is adapted, on the one hand, to perform a pivoting movement about a pivot axis 26 and, on the other hand, to perform a linear movement in the axial direction 30 of the longitudinal axis XX. In the illustrated operating state, fine-grained material M is processed in the fluidization chamber 6.

[0055] The pivoting and linear movements during the movement to the ejection position can be carried out one after the other in any suitable sequence or simultaneously with one another, so that the advantages of the pivoting and linear movements can be exploited.

[0056] Furthermore, the material discharge 19 has a movable shut-off device 36, which is expediently designed as a flap 37, a valve or a rotary valve or the like. The shut-off device 36, which is designed as a flap 37, closes the material discharge 19 or opens it. 10 - the receiving bottom 7 is located above the upper edge of the material outlet 21 - the shut-off device 36 closes the material discharge, so that neither the process gas PG nor the material M to be treated can flow out or be discharged from the fluidization unit 3 of the fluidization device 1. In the embodiment shown, the flip-up lid 37 is arranged pivotably about a pivot axis 38 which is arranged normal to the central axis YY.

[0057] In the discharge state, the fine-particle material M' processed in the fluidization chamber 6 is discharged from the fluidization unit 3 of the fluidizer 1 through a material discharge 19 configured as a discharge pipe 4. The shut-off device 36 is thereby pivoted about a pivot axis 38 and opens the material discharge 19 in the discharge state - the receiving bottom 7 is at least partially located below the upper edge of the material outlet 21.

[0058] FIG. 11 shows a cross-section along section AA of FIG. 9 with a schematic illustration of a third embodiment of a fluidizer 1.

[0059] The receiving bottom 7 is, on the one hand, pivoted about a pivot axis 26 by an angle α, and, on the other hand, this pivot axis 26 is displaced in the axial direction 30 of the longitudinal axis XX from the plane ZZ into a plane Z'-Z' oriented parallel to this plane ZZ. Due to the lowering of the pivot axis 26 of the receiving bottom 7 into the plane Z'-Z' displaced by a parallel distance d from the plane ZZ and the simultaneous pivoting of this receiving bottom 7 about this pivot axis 26, an improved discharge of the treated material M' from the fluidization chamber 6 occurs. In the embodiment shown, the plane Z'-Z' is located below the central axis YY. This results in that the angle α, by which the receiving base 7 is pivoted about the pivot axis 26, can be kept small, and thus the gap 27 forming between the receiving base 7 and the fluidization unit 3 is minimized, which further induces improved discharge.

[0060] In the discharge position, the upper side 32 of the receiving bottom 7 is positioned at least partially below the lower edge 23a of the material outlet 21. The material discharge section 19 with the shut-off device 36 is opened by the shut-off device 36 pivoted about a pivot axis 38 so that the treated material M' can be discharged. In addition, the present application relates to the invention described in the claims, but may also include the following as other aspects. 1. A fluidization device (1) for processing fine particulate material (M), comprising a fluidization unit (3) having a longitudinal axis (XX), the fluidization unit (3) has a perforated receiving bottom (7) dividing the fluidization unit (3) into a distribution chamber (5) and a fluidization chamber (6) arranged above the distribution chamber (5); the fluidization chamber (6) is provided with a material inlet (18) for the material (M) to be treated, and the distribution chamber (5) comprises a material discharge (19) equipped with a material outlet (21) for the treated material (M') having a material outlet face (22) and lower and upper edges (23a, 23b), the receiving bottom (7) is arranged in the operative state above the upper edge (23b) of the material outlet (21); and The distribution chamber (5) is provided with a fluid inlet (24), and the fluidization chamber (6) is The fluidization device (1) is provided with a fluid outlet (25) for a process gas (PG) which flows from the fluid inlet (24) through the perforated receiving bottom (7) to the fluid outlet (25) and fluidizes the material (M) in the fluidization chamber (6), the receiving bottom (7) is arranged to be movable relative to the fluidization unit (3), and in the discharge position, the receiving bottom (7) is positioned at least partially below the upper edge (23b) of the material outlet (21) by the movement of the receiving bottom (7) relative to the fluidization unit (3), Thus, a fluid connection is formed between the material outlet (21) arranged in the distribution chamber (5) and the fluidization chamber (6), passing by the receiving bottom (7), in order to discharge the treated material (M') from the fluidization unit (3). A fluidization device (1). 2. The fluidization unit (3) has a pivot shaft (26) extending transversely to the longitudinal axis (XX) of the fluidization unit (3), and the receiving bottom (7) is arranged to be pivotable around the pivot shaft. the above 1. A fluidization device (1) as described in 1. 3. The pivot axis (26) extends perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (XX) of the fluidization unit (3). the above 3. A fluidization device (1) as described in 2. 4. The flow receiving bottom (7) is arranged to be movable in the axial direction (30) of the longitudinal axis (XX). the above 1. A fluidization device (1) as described in 1. 5. The fluidization unit (3) has a pivot shaft (26) extending transversely to the longitudinal axis (XX) of the fluidization unit (3) and arranged to be movable in the axial direction (30) of the longitudinal axis (XX), and the flow receiving bottom (7) is arranged to be pivotable on the pivot shaft. the above 5. A fluidization device (1) according to any one of 1 to 4. 6. The flow receiving bottom (7), in particular the upper surface (32) of the flow receiving bottom (7), In the discharge position, the movement of the receiving bottom (7) relative to the fluidization unit (3) positions it flush with the lower edge (23a) of the material outlet (21) or at least partially below the lower edge (23a) of the material outlet (21). the above 6. A fluidization device (1) according to any one of 1 to 5. 7. The flow receiving bottom (7), in particular the upper surface (32) of the flow receiving bottom (7), In the discharge position, the movement of the receiving bottom (7) relative to the fluidization unit (3) causes it to be positioned below the lower edge (23a) of the material outlet (21). the above 7. A fluidization device (1) as described in claim 6. 8. The material discharge section (19) is characterized by having a shutoff device (36). the above 8. A fluidization device (1) according to any one of 1 to 7. 9. A method for processing a particulate material (M) in a fluidization device (1) comprising a fluidization unit (3) having a longitudinal axis (XX), comprising: the fluidization unit (3) has a perforated receiving bottom (7) dividing the fluidization unit (3) into a distribution chamber (5) and a fluidization chamber (6) arranged above the distribution chamber (5); the fluidization chamber (6) is provided with a material inlet (18) for the material (M) to be treated, and, the distribution chamber (5) comprises a material discharge (19) equipped with a material outlet (21) for the treated material (M') having a material outlet face (22) and lower and upper edges (23a, 23b), the receiving bottom (7) is arranged in the operative state above the upper edge (23b) of the material outlet (21); and The distribution chamber (5) is provided with a fluid inlet (24), and the fluidization chamber (6) is a fluid outlet (25) for a process gas (PG) which flows from the fluid inlet (24) through the perforated receiving bottom (7) to the fluid outlet (25) and fluidizes the material (M) in the fluidization chamber (6); in operation, the fluidization chamber (6) is first filled with the material (M) to be treated via the material inlet (18), and then the material (M) is treated by the process gas (PG) which flows through the fluidization chamber (6); In the method, After the operating state, the receiving bottom (7), which is arranged movably relative to the fluidization unit (3), the receiving bottom (7) is moved to a discharge position such that at least a portion of the receiving bottom (7) is positioned below the upper edge (23b) of the material outlet (21); Thus, a fluid connection is formed between the material outlet (21) arranged in the distribution chamber (5) and the fluidization chamber (6), passing by the receiving bottom (7), and the treated material (M') is discharged from the fluidization unit (3) through the material outlet (21). A method comprising: 10. The fluidization unit (3) has a pivot axis (26) extending transversely to the longitudinal axis (XX) of the fluidization unit (3), The flow receiving bottom (7) is rotatably arranged on the pivot shaft, and about this pivot axis, the receiving bottom (7) is pivoted expediently by 5° to 10° after the treatment of the finely divided material (M). the above 9. The method according to claim 9. 11. The flow receiving bottom (7) is The longitudinal axis (XX) is arranged to be movable in an axial direction (30), and in the axial direction (30) of the longitudinal axis (XX) in the form of a linear movement until the receiving bottom (7) is positioned below the lower edge (23b) in an expedient manner. Characterized by the above 9. The method according to claim 9. 12. The flow receiving bottom (7) is characterized in that it performs a rotational movement and a linear movement when moving to the discharge position. the above 12. The method according to claim 10 or 11. 13. The flow receiving bottom (7) in the discharge position is the receiving bottom (7) is moved relative to the fluidizing unit (3) so that at least a part of the receiving bottom (7) is positioned below the lower edge (23a) of the material outlet (21). the above 13. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 12. 14. The flow receiving bottom (7) in the discharge position is the receiving bottom (7) is moved relative to the fluidizing unit (3) so that it is positioned below the lower edge (23a) of the material outlet (21). the above 13. The method according to claim 13. 15. The material discharge section (19) has a shutoff device (24), which opens the material discharge section (19) as soon as the receiving bottom (7) is in the discharge position. the above 15. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 14. 16. The shutoff device (36) opens the material discharge part (19) as soon as at least a part of the receiving bottom part (7) is positioned below the lower edge part (23a) of the material outlet (21). the above 15. The method according to claim 15.

Claims

1. A fluidization device (1) for processing a particulate material (M), comprising a fluidization unit (3) having a longitudinal axis (X-X), the fluidization unit has a perforated receiving bottom (7) dividing the fluidization unit (3) into a distribution chamber (5) and a fluidization chamber (6) arranged above the distribution chamber (5), the fluidization chamber (6) is provided with a material inlet (18) for the material (M) to be treated, and said distribution chamber (5) comprises a material discharge (19) equipped with a material outlet (21) for the treated material (M') having a material outlet face (22) and lower and upper edges (23a, 23b), said receiving bottom (7) being arranged in the operative state above the upper edge (23b) of said material outlet (21); and The distribution chamber (5) is provided with a fluid inlet (24) and the fluidization chamber (6) is provided with: The fluidization device (1) is provided with a fluid outlet (25) for a process gas (PG) which flows from the fluid inlet (24) through the perforated receiving bottom (7) to the fluid outlet (25) and fluidizes the material (M) in the fluidization chamber (6), the receiving bottom (7) is arranged to be movable relative to the fluidization unit (3), and in the discharge position, the receiving bottom (7) is positioned at least partially below the upper edge (23b) of the material outlet (21) by the movement of the receiving bottom (7) relative to the fluidization unit (3), Thus, a fluid connection is formed between the material outlet (21) arranged in the distribution chamber (5) and the fluidization chamber (6) along the receiving bottom (7) in order to discharge the treated material (M') from the fluidization unit (3). A fluidization device (1).

2. 2. The fluidization device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the fluidization unit (3) has a pivot axis (26) extending transversely to the longitudinal axis (X-X) of the fluidization unit (3), on which the receiving bottom (7) is arranged so as to be pivotable.

3. 3. Fluidization device (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the pivot axis (26) extends perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (XX) of the fluidization unit (3).

4. 2. The fluidization device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the receiving bottom (7) is arranged movably in the axial direction (30) of the longitudinal axis (XX).

5. 5. The fluidization device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the fluidization unit (3) has a pivot axis (26) extending transversely to the longitudinal axis (X-X) of the fluidization unit (3) and arranged movable in the axial direction (30) of the longitudinal axis (X-X), and on which the receiving bottom (7) is arranged pivotably.

6. The flow receiving bottom (7), i.e. the upper side (32) of the flow receiving bottom (7), 6. The fluidization device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the discharge position, the movement of the receiving bottom (7) relative to the fluidization unit (3) causes it to be positioned flush with the lower edge (23a) of the material outlet (21) or at least partially below the lower edge (23a) of the material outlet (21).

7. The flow receiving bottom (7), i.e. the upper side (32) of the flow receiving bottom (7), 7. The fluidization device (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that, in the discharge position, the movement of this receiving bottom (7) relative to the fluidization unit (3) positions it below the lower edge (23a) of the material outlet (21).

8. 8. The fluidizing device (1) according to claim 1, wherein the material discharge (19) comprises a shut-off device (36).

9. A method for processing a particulate material (M) in a fluidization device (1) comprising a fluidization unit (3) having a longitudinal axis (X-X), comprising: the fluidization unit has a perforated receiving bottom (7) dividing the fluidization unit (3) into a distribution chamber (5) and a fluidization chamber (6) arranged above the distribution chamber (5), the fluidization chamber (6) is provided with a material inlet (18) for the material (M) to be treated, and, said distribution chamber (5) comprises a material discharge (19) equipped with a material outlet (21) for the treated material (M') having a material outlet face (22) and lower and upper edges (23a, 23b), said receiving bottom (7) being arranged in the operative state above the upper edge (23b) of said material outlet (21); and The distribution chamber (5) is provided with a fluid inlet (24) and the fluidization chamber (6) is provided with: a fluid outlet (25) for a process gas (PG) which flows from the fluid inlet (24) through the perforated receiving bottom (7) to the fluid outlet (25) and fluidizes the material (M) in the fluidization chamber (6); in an operating state, the fluidization chamber (6) is first filled with the material (M) to be treated via the material inlet (18), and then the material (M) is treated by the process gas (PG) flowing through the fluidization chamber (6); In the method, After the operating state, the receiving bottom (7), which is arranged movably relative to the fluidization unit (3), the receiving bottom (7) is moved to a discharge position such that at least a portion of the receiving bottom (7) is positioned below the upper edge (23b) of the material outlet (21); Thus, a fluid connection is formed between the material outlet (21) arranged in the distribution chamber (5) and the fluidization chamber (6) along the receiving bottom (7), and the treated material (M') is discharged from the fluidization unit (3) through the material outlet (21). A method comprising:

10. the fluidization unit (3) has a pivot axis (26) extending transversely to the longitudinal axis (X-X) of the fluidization unit (3); The bottom part (7) is arranged on the pivot shaft so that it can pivot.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the receiving base (7) is swiveled around this pivot axis after treatment of the particulate material (M).

11. The flow receiving bottom (7) is The device is arranged to be movable in an axial direction (30) of the longitudinal axis (X-X), and moved in the form of a linear movement in the axial direction (30) of said longitudinal axis (X-X); 10. The method of claim 9.

12. 12. Method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the receiving bottom (7) performs a pivoting movement and a linear movement when moving to the discharge position.

13. The flow receiving bottom (7) in the discharge position is 13. The method according to claim 9, wherein the receiving bottom (7) is moved relative to the fluidization unit (3) such that at least a part of the receiving bottom (7) is positioned below the lower edge (23a) of the material outlet (21).

14. The flow receiving bottom (7) in the discharge position is 14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that the receiving bottom (7) is moved relative to the fluidization unit (3) so that it is positioned below the lower edge (23a) of the material outlet (21).

15. 15. The method according to claim 9, wherein the material discharge section (19) has a shut-off device (36) which opens the material discharge section (19) as soon as the receiving bottom (7) is in the discharge position.

16. 16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that the shut-off device (36) opens the material discharge section (19) as soon as at least a part of the receiving bottom (7) is positioned below the lower edge (23a) of the material outlet (21).

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