Drug delivery system with controlled valve

Abstract

[0003] Described herein are valves and drug delivery systems including the valves. The valves include a valve body and a valve element. The valve body defines a first flow path, a second flow path, and a catheter flow path. The valve element is disposed within the valve body, and the valve element is configured to allow fluid communication between the first flow path and the second flow path in a priming position and to allow fluid communication between the first flow path and the catheter flow path in a dispensing position.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates generally to drug delivery systems, and more particularly, to valves. [Background technology]

[0002] Medical procedures often involve the injection of medical fluids (e.g., saline solutions or liquid medications) into a patient using an intravenous (IV) catheter, e.g., a syringe, that is connected to a fluid source via an arrangement of flexible tubing and fittings commonly referred to as an "IV set." Some configurations of IV sets may have extended tubing lengths, e.g., greater than six feet. Additionally, the tubing may be primed with saline prior to injection of the liquid medication.

[0003] In some applications, during use of an IV catheter, saline from a priming step may be delivered to the patient before the liquid medication is delivered to the patient. Summary of the Invention [Means for solving the problem]

[0004] The disclosed subject matter relates to a valve. In certain embodiments, a valve is disclosed that includes a valve body defining a first flow path, a second flow path, and a catheter flow path, and a valve element disposed within the valve body, the valve element configured to allow fluid communication between the first flow path and the second flow path in a priming position and configured to allow fluid communication between the first flow path and the catheter flow path in a dispense position.

[0005] In certain embodiments, a drug delivery system is disclosed that includes a syringe including a syringe body defining a syringe cavity, a first plunger disposed within the syringe cavity, the first plunger defining a first chamber in the syringe cavity, and a second plunger disposed within the syringe cavity, the second plunger defining a second chamber in the syringe cavity; a valve body defining a first valve flow path in fluid communication with the first chamber, a second valve flow path in fluid communication with the second chamber, and a catheter flow path in fluid communication with a catheter; and a valve element disposed within the valve body, the valve element configured to allow fluid communication between the first chamber and the second chamber in a priming position and configured to allow fluid communication between the first chamber and the catheter flow path in a dispense position.

[0006] In certain embodiments, a method for delivering a drug is disclosed that includes introducing saline into a drug flow path, directing the saline from the drug flow path to a return flow path through a valve element, introducing a drug into the drug flow path, actuating the valve element to allow fluid communication between the drug flow path and a catheter, and directing the drug from the drug flow path into the catheter.

[0007] It is understood that various configurations of the present technology will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure in which various configurations of the present technology are shown and described by way of illustration. Naturally, the present technology is capable of other different configurations and its several details can be modified in various other respects, all without departing from the scope of the present technology. Accordingly, the summary, drawings, and detailed description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not as limiting.

[0008] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding, are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the disclosed embodiments, and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosed embodiments. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a drug delivery system according to various aspects of the present disclosure. [Diagram 2] 2 is a perspective view of the drug delivery system of FIG. 1 with the priming trigger relocated, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. [Diagram 3] 2 is a perspective view of the drug delivery system of FIG. 1 with the syringe actuated, according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 4] 2 is a perspective view of the drug delivery system of FIG. 1 with the syringe actuated, according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Diagram 5] 1 is an elevational view of a syringe with the syringe body hidden, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. FIG. [Figure 6] 6 is an elevational view of the syringe of FIG. 5 with the syringe body hidden and the priming trigger relocated, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. [Figure 7] 6 is an elevational view of the syringe of FIG. 5 with the syringe body hidden and the priming mechanism activated, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. [Figure 8] 6 is an elevational view of the syringe of FIG. 5 with the syringe body hidden and the syringe actuated, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0010] The disclosed valve incorporates a valve element for directing fluid for priming and dispensing medical fluid. Fluid can flow from a first flow path to a second flow path in a priming configuration and from the first flow path to a catheter flow path in a dispensing position. By controlling the flow of fluid through the valve, medication can be administered without dispensing excess medical fluid.

[0011] The detailed description set forth below is intended as a description of various configurations of the present technology, and is not intended to represent the only configurations in which the present technology may be practiced. The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing a thorough understanding of the present technology. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present technology may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known structures and components are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring the concepts of the present technology. Similar components are labeled with the same element numbers for ease of understanding. Reference numbers may have suffixes attached to indicate separate instances of common elements while being collectively referred to by the same numbers without the suffixes.

[0012] While the following description is directed to the administration of medical fluids using the disclosed valves, it should be understood that this description is merely illustrative of the use and does not limit the scope of the claims. The various aspects of the disclosed valves can be used in any application where it is desirable to control the flow of medical fluids.

[0013] The disclosed valve overcomes several problems found with certain conventional drug delivery systems. One problem with certain conventional delivery systems is that the systems may deliver excess medical fluid, such as saline, to the patient. Use of conventional drug delivery systems is undesirable because excess medical fluid may slow the delivery of the medical fluid and may not be tolerated by fluid-restricted patients, such as premature infants.

[0014] Therefore, in accordance with the present disclosure, it is advantageous to provide a valve as described herein that eliminates or substantially reduces the delivery of excess medical fluid to a patient. The disclosed valve provides a valve element that allows for the dispensing of medical fluid while minimizing excess fluid delivered to the patient.

[0015] An example of a valve that prevents excess medical fluid delivery will now be described.

[0016] 1 is a perspective view of a drug delivery system 100 according to various aspects of the present disclosure. In the illustrated example, the drug delivery system 100 delivers a drug from a syringe 130 through a catheter 112 to a patient without over-delivering a fluid, such as saline, used to prime the drug delivery system 100.

[0017] In some embodiments, the drug flow path within the dual lumen tubing 120 can be primed with saline to displace any air or trapped gas within the drug flow path of the dual lumen tubing 120. The saline can be advanced from the proximal end 132 of the syringe 130 through the drug flow path of the dual lumen tubing 120 to the valve 110.

[0018] Saline from the drug flow path of the dual lumen tubing 120 can be received by the drug flow path 111 of the valve 110. In the priming configuration, the valve element 113 can prevent saline from the drug flow path 111 from entering the patient catheter 112 and instead direct the saline towards the return flow path 109 of the valve 110, allowing the primed saline to be returned to the syringe 130 via the return flow path of the dual lumen tubing 120.

[0019] 2 is a perspective view of the drug delivery system 100 of FIG. 1 with the priming trigger 180 relocated, according to various aspects of the disclosure. In the illustrated example, the syringe 130 advances a drug within the drug flow path of the dual lumen tubing 120 to prime the drug flow path of the dual lumen tubing 120. Advantageously, by priming the drug flow path with a drug, the drug can be delivered to the patient via the catheter 112 proximal to the patient with less delay and without delivering the saline used to prime the drug flow path of the dual lumen tubing 120.

[0020] To introduce a drug into the drug flow path of the dual lumen tubing 120, a drug plunger within the syringe 130 can be advanced or otherwise retracted to introduce a predetermined amount of drug into the drug flow path of the dual lumen tubing 120. Optionally, the drug plunger of the syringe 130 can be configured to advance or retract a desired amount to dispense a predetermined amount of drug into the drug flow path of the dual lumen tubing 120, which corresponds to the volume of the drug flow path of the dual lumen tubing 120. In other words, the drug plunger of the syringe 130 can be advanced to fill the volume of the drug flow path of the dual lumen tubing 120 up to the valve element 113, priming the drug for administration via the catheter 112.

[0021] In some embodiments, priming of a drug into the drug flow path of the dual lumen tubing 120 can be automated or otherwise simplified. For example, a drug plunger can be biased to advance to introduce a drug into the drug flow path of the dual lumen tubing 120. A biasing member of a priming mechanism within the syringe 130 can be released by displacing a priming trigger 180. Displacing the priming trigger 180 can cause the biasing member to advance the drug plunger, priming the drug within the drug delivery system 100. Optionally, the priming progress of the drug plunger can be stopped or limited by a priming stop 182. By limiting the progress of the drug plunger during priming, a desired amount of drug can be introduced into the drug flow path of the dual lumen tubing 120, for example, a sufficient amount of drug to fill the drug flow path of the dual lumen tubing 120.

[0022] As illustrated, when a drug is introduced into the drug flow path of the dual lumen tubing 120, pre-primed saline is evacuated through the dual lumen tubing 120. The evacuated saline is directed by the valve body 113 through the return flow path 109 of the valve 110 and into the return flow path of the dual lumen tubing 120.

[0023] Medical fluid from the return flow path of the dual lumen tubing 120 may be returned into the syringe 130. The returned medical fluid, such as saline, may be introduced into the return or saline compartment of the syringe 130.

[0024] 3 is a perspective view of the drug delivery system 100 of FIG. 1 with the syringe 130 actuated, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. In the illustrated example, the syringe 130 is actuated to dispense a drug through the catheter 112 into the patient.

[0025] As illustrated, a distal end 134 of the syringe 130 can be advanced towards a proximal end 132 of the syringe 130 to actuate a drug plunger within the syringe 130. By actuating the syringe 130, the drug plunger can be advanced, delivering drug from the syringe 130 into a drug flow path of the dual lumen tubing 120. In some embodiments, the syringe 130 can be actuated by a syringe pump to control the flow of drug to the patient.

[0026] In operation, valve 110 is actuated to allow flow of the agent from agent flow path 111 of valve 110 to the patient via catheter 112. In some embodiments, valve element 113 is actuated to allow fluid communication between agent flow path 111 and catheter 112, allowing the agent to flow to the patient. Optionally, valve 110 can be located proximal to the patient, minimizing the length of catheter 112, reducing the amount of saline administered to the patient, and reducing delivery time for the agent.

[0027] In some embodiments, the position of valve element 113 can be actuated between directing flow between drug flow path 111 and return flow path 109 (a priming position) and directing flow between drug flow path 111 and catheter 112 (a dispensing position) by physically manipulating valve 110. For example, valve 110 can be actuated or manipulated to actuate valve element 113 by twisting, pushing, retracting, or otherwise actuating valve 110. In some embodiments, valve element 113 can be actuated by a pressure signal or impulse received by valve element 113 from within drug flow path 111 and / or return flow path 109. For example, valve element 113 can be actuated from a priming position to a dispensing position by receiving a pressure impulse in drug flow path 111 and / or return flow path 109.

[0028] In some embodiments, valve 110 can be an anti-siphon valve. Optionally, valve 110 can have a high "cracking pressure" such that when sufficient pressure is applied to valve element 113, valve element 113 can move from a prime position to a dispense position. For example, valve element 113 can be actuated from a prime position to a dispense position by receiving equalized pressure in both drug flow path 111 and return flow path 109. Syringe 130 can provide an appropriate pressure signal.

[0029] 4 is a perspective view of the drug delivery system 100 of FIG. 1 with the syringe 130 actuated, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. In the illustrated example, the syringe 130 advances saline through the drug flow path of the dual lumen tubing 120 and advances the remaining drug through the catheter 112 and into the patient.

[0030] As illustrated, after the drug is expelled from the syringe 130, the drug may remain within the volume of the drug flow path of the dual lumen tubing 120. To ensure that the drug is fully delivered to the patient, the syringe 130 can be utilized to administer a saline "push" to continue advancing the drug through the drug flow path of the dual lumen tubing 120 after the drug within the syringe 130 has been expelled. Optionally, saline can be administered through the drug flow path until the drug is fully administered to the patient.

[0031] 5 is an elevational view of a syringe 230 with the syringe body concealed, according to various aspects of the disclosure. In the figures, like features may be referenced with like reference numerals. In the illustrated example, the syringe 230 is operable to dispense medicament and / or saline through tubing coupled to a syringe port 229 of the syringe 230. As illustrated, the syringe 230 is capable of receiving, storing, and / or dispensing medicament and / or saline in a chamber defined therein.

[0032] As illustrated, proximal syringe portion 231 of syringe 230 is capable of storing a medical fluid, such as a medication and saline, in syringe cavity 236. In the illustrated embodiment, medication plunger 240 is movable within syringe cavity 236 and defines a medication chamber 242 within proximal syringe portion 231. Optionally, the volume of medication chamber 242 is defined by the position of medication plunger 240 relative to proximal end 232 of syringe 230. In the illustrated example, medication chamber 242 is capable of storing a medication.

[0033] In some embodiments, the drug chamber 242 is in fluid communication with the syringe port 229 of the syringe 230. Optionally, the drug plunger 240 can include one or more seals 244 for sealing against the walls of the syringe cavity 236 to prevent unintentional fluid transfer or mixing.

[0034] Additionally, drug plunger 240 can be moved by drug plunger shaft 246. In some embodiments, drug plunger 240 can be pulled distally to expand drug chamber 242, drawing more drug or medical fluid through syringe port 229. In some embodiments, drug plunger 240 can be advanced proximally to contract drug chamber 242, expelling drug or medical fluid from drug chamber 242 through syringe port 229.

[0035] In the illustrated embodiment, saline plunger 250 is movable within syringe cavity 236 and defines a saline chamber 252 within proximal syringe portion 231. In some embodiments, saline plunger 250 and medication plunger 240 cooperate to define a saline chamber 252 within syringe cavity 236. Optionally, the volume of saline chamber 252 is defined by the positions of medication plunger 240 and saline plunger 250. In the illustrated example, saline chamber 252 can store saline or other medical fluid.

[0036] Optionally, the saline plunger 250 may include one or more seals 254 for sealing against the walls of the syringe cavity 236 to prevent unintentional fluid transfer or mixing.

[0037] Additionally, the saline plunger 250 can be moved by a saline plunger shaft 256. In some embodiments, the saline plunger 250 can be pulled distally to expand the saline chamber 252, drawing in more saline or medical fluid. In some embodiments, the saline plunger 250 can be advanced proximally to contract the saline chamber 252, expelling saline or medical fluid from the saline chamber 252.

[0038] As previously described, during administration of a drug to a patient, e.g., a fluid-limited patient, the drug can be dispensed from the drug chamber 242 and then saline can be dispensed from the saline chamber 252 to advance the drug remaining in the tubing.

[0039] In the illustrated example, the medication can be dispensed from the syringe 230 by advancing the medication plunger 240 within the syringe cavity 236. As a result, the medication can be delivered from the syringe 230 through the syringe port 229.

[0040] In some embodiments, syringe 230 can include a priming or actuation mechanism 270 to automate, control, or otherwise simplify the advancement of drug plunger 240 to facilitate priming of the drug into the IV tubing. Optionally, actuation mechanism 270 can be configured to introduce a sufficient amount of drug from drug chamber 242 into the IV tubing to completely fill or prime the IV system prior to administration of the drug to the patient.

[0041] In the illustrated embodiment, the actuation mechanism 270 may utilize a biasing member, such as a tension spring 274 , to advance the drug plunger 240 within the syringe cavity 236 .

[0042] Optionally, the tension spring 274 can be coupled to the proximal syringe portion 231 at a proximal end 276 of the tension spring 274 and can be coupled to the actuation mechanism 270 at a distal end 275 of the tension spring 274. In some embodiments, the actuation mechanism 270 extends from or is generally coupled to the medication plunger shaft 246. Further, the tension spring 274 can be disposed about the medication plunger shaft 246.

[0043] As illustrated, tension spring 274 can be preloaded or biased to facilitate advancement of drug plunger 240 upon release or activation of tension spring 274. In the illustrated example, tension spring 274 can be extended or biased from a rest length to an extended, tensioned length. In some embodiments, the biasing member can be compressed from a rest length to a shortened, compressed length.

[0044] As illustrated, tension spring 274 can be preloaded or extended by retracting actuation mechanism 270 which extends tension spring 274. In some embodiments, actuation mechanism 270 can be locked or retained in place to prevent drug plunger 240 from advancing prior to priming by the retention mechanism. In the illustrated embodiment, the retention mechanism includes a priming trigger 280 having a shaft 282 extending through distal syringe portion 233 and through throughbore 272 of actuation mechanism 270 to releasably couple actuation mechanism 270 to distal syringe portion 233. Priming trigger 280 can extend through a slot 284 in distal syringe portion 233.

[0045] Optionally, the tension applied to tension spring 274 can be adjusted by changing the position of actuation mechanism 270 relative to distal syringe portion 233 and inserting priming trigger 280 through slot 284 aligned with through hole 272 of actuation mechanism 270.

[0046] 6 is an elevational view of the syringe 230 of FIG. 5 with the syringe body hidden and the priming trigger 280 relocated, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. As illustrated, the priming mechanism of the syringe 230 can be activated by relocating the priming trigger 280 from the syringe 230.

[0047] By displacing the priming trigger 280, the tension spring 274 is allowed to contract, advancing the drug plunger shaft 246 and thus the drug plunger 240. By advancing the drug plunger 240, the drug within the drug chamber 242 can be advanced through the IV tubing to prime the IV tubing. As described herein, the drug plunger 240 can be advanced a desired or predetermined amount that corresponds to the IV tubing volume during the priming process.

[0048] 7 is an elevational view of the syringe 230 of FIG. 5 with the syringe body hidden and the priming mechanism activated, according to various aspects of the disclosure. In the illustrated embodiment, the drug plunger 240 can be further actuated to administer any drug remaining in the drug chamber 242 into the IV tubing and to the patient. In some embodiments, the drug plunger shaft 246 can be actuated to advance the drug plunger 240. For example, the distal end 234 of the distal syringe portion 233 can be advanced toward the proximal end 232 to advance the drug plunger 240. In some embodiments, the extension 238 of the proximal syringe portion 231 can enable a clinician or a syringe pump to advance the distal syringe portion 233 relative to the proximal syringe portion 231.

[0049] 8 is an elevational view of the syringe 230 of FIG. 5 with the syringe body hidden and the syringe actuated, according to various aspects of the disclosure. In the illustrated embodiment, the saline plunger 250 is actuable to administer saline from the saline chamber 252 into the IV tubing, "pushing" or delivering any medication remaining in the IV tubing to the patient. In some embodiments, the saline plunger shaft 256 is actuable to advance the saline plunger 250. In some embodiments, the same actuation method for the medication plunger 240 can be utilized to actuate the saline plunger 250.

[0050] For example, the distal end 234 of the distal syringe portion 233 can be advanced towards the proximal end 232 to advance the saline plunger 250. In some embodiments, the extension 238 of the proximal syringe portion 231 can enable a clinician or a syringe pump to advance the distal syringe portion 233 relative to the proximal syringe portion 231.

[0051] In some embodiments, saline from the saline chamber 252 can proceed through or around the medication chamber 242 to exit the syringe 230 via the syringe port 229 .

[0052] This disclosure is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to implement the various aspects described herein. This disclosure provides various examples of the technology, and the technology is not limited to these examples. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects.

[0053] Reference to an element in the singular is not intended to mean "one and only one" unless specifically so stated, but rather "one or more." The term "several" refers to one or more, unless specifically stated otherwise. Masculine pronouns (e.g., his) include feminine and neutral (e.g., her, its) and vice versa. Headings and subheadings, if any, are used for convenience only and do not limit the invention.

[0054] The word "exemplary" is used herein to mean "serving as an example or illustration." Any aspect or design described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects or designs. In one aspect, various alternative configurations and operations described herein may be considered at least equivalent.

[0055] A phrase such as "an aspect" does not imply that such aspect is essential to the technology or that such aspect applies to all configurations of the technology. A disclosure of an aspect may apply to all configurations or to one or more configurations. An aspect may provide one or more examples. A phrase such as an aspect may refer to one or more aspects and vice versa. A phrase such as "an embodiment" does not imply that such an embodiment is essential to the technology or that such an embodiment applies to all configurations of the technology. A disclosure of an embodiment may apply to all embodiments or to one or more examples. An embodiment may provide one or more examples. A phrase such as an embodiment may refer to one or more examples and vice versa. A phrase such as "a configuration" does not imply that such an embodiment is essential to the technology or that such an embodiment applies to all configurations of the technology. A disclosure of a configuration may apply to all configurations or to one or more configurations. A configuration may provide one or more examples. A phrase such as a configuration may refer to one or more configurations and vice versa.

[0056] In one aspect, unless otherwise stated, all measurements, values, orders, locations, scales, sizes, and other specifications described herein, including the claims that follow, are approximate and not precise, and in one aspect, they are intended to have reasonable ranges consistent with the function to which they pertain and with what is customary in the art to which they pertain.

[0057] In one embodiment, the term "coupled" or the like may refer to being directly coupled. In another embodiment, the term "coupled" or the like may refer to being indirectly coupled.

[0058] Terms such as "top," "bottom," "front," "rear," and the like, as used in this disclosure, should be understood to refer to any coordinate system other than the conventional gravitational coordinate system. Thus, top, bottom, front, and rear surfaces may extend upward, downward, diagonally, or horizontally in the gravitational coordinate system.

[0059] Various items may be arranged differently (e.g., arranged in a different order or partitioned in a different manner), all without departing from the scope of the present technology. All structural and functional equivalents to the elements of the various embodiments described throughout this disclosure that are known or that later become known to those of skill in the art are expressly incorporated herein by reference and are intended to be encompassed by the claims. Moreover, nothing disclosed herein is intended to be dedicated to the public, regardless of whether such disclosure is expressly recited in the claims. No claim element is to be construed under the provisions of 35 U.S.C. § 112, paragraph 6, unless the element is expressly recited using the phrase "means for" or, in the case of a method claim, unless the element is recited using the phrase "step for". Moreover, to the extent the terms "comprise," "have," or the like are used, such terms are intended to be inclusive in the manner of the term "comprise" as "comprise" is interpreted when employed as transitional words in a claim.

[0060] The title, background, summary, brief description of the drawings, and abstract of the present disclosure are incorporated herein and are provided as illustrative examples of the disclosure, and not as limiting descriptions. They are submitted with the understanding that they will not be used to limit the scope or meaning of the claims. Additionally, in the Detailed Description, it can be understood that the description provides illustrative examples, and that various features have been grouped together in various embodiments for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure. This method of disclosure is not to be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimed subject matter requires more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, inventive subject matter lies in less than all features of a single disclosed structure or operation. The following claims are incorporated herein into the Detailed Description, with each claim standing on its own as a single claimed subject matter.

[0061] The claims are not intended to be limited to the embodiments described herein, but are to be given full scope consistent with the claim language and to encompass all legal equivalents. Nevertheless, the claims are not intended to, and should not be construed in any manner to, encompass subject matter that does not satisfy the requirements of 35 U.S.C. §§ 101, 102, or 103.

Claims

1. a valve body defining a medication flow path, a return flow path, and a catheter flow path configured to be in fluid communication with the catheter; an actuatable valve element disposed within the valve body, the valve element configured to allow fluid communication between the agent flow path and the return flow path in a priming position and configured to be actuated to allow fluid communication between the agent flow path and the catheter flow path in a dispense position, the valve element configured to be actuated to the dispense position by pressurizing the agent flow path and the return flow path to a cracking pressure; 1. A stand-alone valve for medical fluids comprising: A stand-alone valve configured to be coupled to a first end of a flexible tubing having a syringe coupled to a second end of the flexible tubing.

2. A flexible pipe; a syringe coupled to a first end of the flexible tubing, a syringe body defining a syringe cavity; a first plunger disposed within the syringe cavity and defining a first chamber in the syringe cavity; a second plunger disposed within the syringe cavity and defining a second chamber within the syringe cavity; A syringe comprising: a valve coupled to a second end of the flexible tubing, a valve body defining a drug valve flow path in fluid communication with the first chamber, a return valve flow path in fluid communication with the second chamber, and a catheter flow path in fluid communication with a catheter; a valve element disposed within the valve body, the valve element configured to allow fluid communication between the first chamber and the second chamber in a priming position and to allow fluid communication between the first chamber and the catheter flow path in a dispense position, the valve element configured to be actuated to the dispense position by pressurizing the first chamber and the second chamber to a cracking pressure; a valve including A drug delivery system comprising:

3. the flexible tubing is a dual lumen tubing defining a drug tubing flow path and a return tubing flow path; the drug tubing flow path is configured to allow fluid communication between the first chamber and the drug valve flow path; The drug delivery system of claim 2 , wherein the return tubing flow path is configured to allow fluid communication between the second chamber and the return valve flow path.

4. The drug delivery system of claim 3 , wherein the flexible tubing is longer than the catheter.

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