Water collection container, water collection method, and measuring device

Abstract

To provide a water collection container capable of collecting and circulating liquid that permeates into an unsaturated zone inside a bank. [Solution] One aspect of the present invention is a water collection container that collects liquid that seeps into an embankment and has a sensor placed inside it that measures the internal environment of the embankment, the container comprising a container body having an opening at the top, a guide tube provided inside the container body, extending upward from the bottom of the container body and capable of housing the sensor inside, a filler provided between the inner surface of the container body and the outer surface of the guide tube for filtering the liquid, and a drain pipe extending horizontally from the guide tube, penetrating the peripheral wall of the container body and connecting the inside of the guide tube with the outside of the container body, the guide pipe having a pressure adjustment port that adjusts the gas pressure difference between the inside and outside of the guide tube, and a communication hole provided in the peripheral wall on the bottom side of the container body from the drain pipe, allowing the liquid that has passed through the filler to flow into the inside of the guide tube.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a water collecting container, a water collecting method, and a measuring device. [Background technology]

[0002] When embankments are made using crushed rocks produced by excavating rocks containing naturally occurring heavy metals, etc., it is necessary to monitor the internal environment of the embankment in consideration of the impact on the natural environment. Conventionally, a device that collects water such as rainwater that permeates the inside of the ground in a water collection container and measures the water quality has been known as a device for monitoring the internal environment of the ground.

[0003] For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a continuous measurement device for ion concentrations in groundwater, which is set up at the measurement site and comprises a groundwater reservoir in which groundwater is stored in an overflowing state, and an ion concentration measurement sensor set in the groundwater reservoir. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] JP 2008-128643 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] Unlike the saturated zone where groundwater and the like exists, the inside of the embankment is an unsaturated zone where the gaps between soil particles are not filled with liquid such as rainwater. The continuous measurement device described in Patent Document 1 does not consider measuring liquid that penetrates into the unsaturated zone. In the water collection container of such a conventional measurement device, it is difficult to collect liquid that penetrates into the unsaturated zone, and even if liquid is collected, it remains in the water collection container. If liquid remains in the water collection container, new liquid does not come into contact with the sensor in the water collection container, so there is a problem that it is not possible to measure changes in the internal environment of the embankment over time.

[0006] Therefore, one embodiment of the present disclosure aims to provide a water collection container that can collect and circulate liquid that seeps into the unsaturated zone inside the embankment. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] One embodiment of the present disclosure is a water collection container that collects liquid that seeps into an embankment and has a sensor disposed inside that measures the internal environment of the embankment, the container comprising a container body having an opening at the top, a guide tube disposed inside the container body, extending upward from the bottom of the container body and capable of accommodating the sensor inside, a filler disposed between the inner surface of the container body and the outer surface of the guide tube for filtering the liquid, and a drain pipe extending horizontally from the guide pipe, penetrating the peripheral wall of the container body and communicating between the inside of the guide pipe and the outside of the container body, the guide pipe having a pressure adjustment port that adjusts the pressure difference between the gas inside and outside the guide pipe, and a communication hole disposed in the peripheral wall on the bottom side of the container body from the drain pipe, allowing the liquid that has passed through the filler to flow into the inside of the guide pipe. Effect of the Invention

[0008] According to one embodiment of the water collection container of the present disclosure, liquid that permeates into the unsaturated zone inside the embankment can be collected and circulated. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a water collection container according to one embodiment. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a plan view of a water collection container according to one embodiment with the filler removed. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. [Figure 4] 2. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a water collecting container according to another embodiment of the present invention, taken along line II in FIG. [Diagram 5] FIG. [Figure 6] FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a first modified example of the guide member. [Figure 7]FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a first modified example of a guide member. [Figure 8] FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a second modified example of the guide member. [Figure 9A] FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a method for collecting liquid that permeates into an embankment using a water collection container according to another embodiment. [Figure 9B] FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a method for collecting liquid that permeates into an embankment using a water collection container according to another embodiment. [Figure 9C] FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a method for collecting liquid that permeates into an embankment using a water collection container according to another embodiment. [Figure 9D] FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a method for collecting liquid that permeates into an embankment using a water collection container according to another embodiment. [Figure 10] FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a measurement device according to an embodiment. [Figure 11] 1 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a measuring device according to an embodiment. [Figure 12] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a method for measuring the internal environment of an embankment according to one embodiment. [Figure 13] 1 is a graph showing the liquid delivery time and the pore water replacement rate in an example. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0010] Hereinafter, the mode for carrying out the invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In this specification, the direction of the opening 21 side in the direction perpendicular to the bottom 22 of the container body 2 is referred to as the top, and the direction of the bottom 22 side is referred to as the bottom. However, the terms "top" and "bottom" are used to facilitate understanding of the invention with reference to the drawings, and the technical scope of the present invention is not limited by the meaning of these terms. Furthermore, parts with the same reference numerals appearing in multiple drawings indicate the same or equivalent parts or members. In this specification, "to" indicating a numerical range means that the numerical values ​​written before and after it are included as the lower and upper limits, unless otherwise specified.

[0011] <Water collection container> FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a water collection container according to an embodiment, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the water collection container according to an embodiment with the filler removed, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II of FIG. 2. The water collection container 1 of this embodiment is a water collection container that stores liquid that permeates into the embankment and has a sensor disposed therein for measuring the internal environment of the embankment. Specifically, the water collection container 1 stores liquid that permeates into the unsaturated zone. The liquid stored in the water collection container 1 is liquid that has permeated the embankment, such as rainwater. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the water collection container 1 includes a container body 2, a guide pipe 3, a filler 4A that is provided between the inner peripheral surface of the container body 2 and the outer peripheral surface of the guide pipe 3 and filters the liquid, and a drain pipe 5. As shown in FIG. 3, the drain pipe 5 extends horizontally from the guide pipe 3 and penetrates the peripheral wall 23 of the container body 2, and communicates the inside of the guide pipe 3 with the outside of the container body 2.

[0012] The container body 2 has an opening 21 at the top, and can store liquid that flows in from the opening 21. Specifically, the container body 2 is a cylindrical container having a bottom 22 and a peripheral wall 23 extending upward from the bottom 22. The cross-sectional shape of the peripheral wall 23 in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the container body 2 is circular in the examples shown in Figs. 1 to 3, but is not limited to this and can be, for example, an ellipse or a polygon (hexagon, pentagon, rectangle, triangle, etc.).

[0013] The guide pipe 3 is provided inside the container body 2, extends upward from the bottom 22 of the container body 2, and is capable of housing a sensor inside. Specifically, the guide pipe 3 extends upward from the upper end of the container body 2. The axial length of the guide pipe 3 may be adjustable according to the length of the sensor to be housed. For example, the guide pipe 3 has a plurality of guide pipe units 3U, which will be described later, and a connecting member 9, which will be described later, and as the length of the sensor to be housed increases, the axial length can be extended by connecting the guide pipe units 3U together. The length of the sensor to be housed corresponds to the depth from the surface of the embankment where the water collection container 1 is placed.

[0014] 1 to 3, the cross-sectional shape in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the guide tube 3 is circular, but is not limited thereto and may be, for example, an ellipse or a polygon (hexagon, pentagon, rectangle, triangle, etc.). Between the inner peripheral surface of the container body 2 and the outer peripheral surface of the guide tube 3, an annular gap is formed.

[0015] The guide pipe 3 is provided on the peripheral wall 31 on the bottom 22 side (belower) of the container body 2 from the drain pipe 5, and has a communication hole 32 that allows the liquid that has passed through the filler 4A to flow into the inside of the guide pipe 3. In FIG. 3, the arrows indicate the flow of liquid. Liquid such as rainwater that flows in from the opening 21 of the container body 2 flows downward through the filler 4A and flows into the inside of the guide pipe 3 from the communication hole 32. When the water level in the water collection container 1 exceeds the position of the discharge port 52, the liquid is discharged from the drain pipe 5 to the outside of the water collection container 1 due to the hydraulic head pressure. Thus, the water collection container 1 can store and circulate the liquid that permeates the unsaturated zone inside the embankment. In addition, since the water collection container 1 can be constantly filled with a constant amount of liquid, the electrode of the sensor housed inside the guide pipe 3 is always in contact with the liquid, and the failure of the sensor can be suppressed.

[0016] A plurality of communication holes 32 may be provided along the circumferential direction of the peripheral wall 31 of the guide pipe 3. The distance L1 between the lower end of the communication hole 32 and the bottom 22 of the container body 2 is preferably 15% or less of the distance L2 between the bottom 54 of the drainage pipe 5 and the bottom 22 of the container body 2. This allows a flow of liquid to be formed from the communication holes 32 to the inside of the guide pipe 3 and from the inside of the guide pipe 3 to the drainage pipe 5, and the water collection container 1 can efficiently circulate the liquid that permeates into the unsaturated zone inside the embankment.

[0017] 3, the guide pipe 3 has a pressure adjustment port 33 that adjusts the gas pressure difference between the inside and outside of the guide pipe 3. Specifically, the pressure adjustment port 33 adjusts the gas pressure difference between the space inside the guide pipe 3 and the space between the inner circumferential surface of the container body 2 and the outer circumferential surface of the guide pipe 3 so as to be zero. The pressure adjustment port 33 may be provided penetrating the peripheral wall 31 above the drain pipe 5 and below the upper end of the filler 4A. This eliminates the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the guide pipe 3, and makes it possible to prevent the liquid accumulated in the container body 2 from being difficult to discharge to the outside of the water collecting container 1 due to the pressure difference.

[0018] The filler 4A can be, for example, a plurality of granules. The inside of the granules may be hollow or filled. The shape of the granules is not particularly limited, but can be, for example, a sphere, an ellipsoid, a polyhedron, or the like. Among these, it is preferable that the filler 4A is a plurality of spheres, and the plurality of spheres includes a plurality of types of spheres having different diameters. Usually, when the water collection container is buried in the inside of the embankment and used, a layer of gas is formed above the opening of the container body, and the layer of gas prevents the liquid permeating the inside of the embankment from flowing into the container body. In the water collection container 1 of this embodiment, the filler 4A is a plurality of spheres, and the plurality of spheres includes a plurality of types of spheres having different diameters, so that gaps having irregular sizes are formed between the spheres.

[0019] Therefore, in the water collection container 1, the size of the gaps in the filler 4A becomes larger and more irregular than when the filler 4A is made of silica sand or the like, so that the liquid permeating the inside of the embankment can easily pass through the gas layer above the opening 21 of the container body 2 and flow into the gaps between the spheres. In addition, as the liquid flows into the container body 2, the gas in the container body 2 and the guide tube 3 moves upward through the gaps between the spheres and is discharged from the opening 21 into the inside of the embankment, destroying the gas layer above the opening 21 of the container body 2. As described above, the water collection container 1 can promote the flow of the liquid permeating the inside of the embankment from the opening 21 of the container body 2, efficiently collect the liquid permeating into the unsaturated zone inside the embankment, and promote the circulation of the collected liquid.

[0020] The filler 4A may include two types of spheres having different diameters, and the ratio of the diameters of the two types of spheres may be, for example, 1:2. The filler 4A may include three types of spheres having different diameters, and the ratio of the diameters of the three types of spheres may be, for example, 1:2:3. The particle size of the spheres is not particularly limited as long as it is larger than the diameter of the communication hole 32, but is preferably 10 mm to 30 mm. Examples of materials constituting the spheres include glass, resin, ceramics, etc. (excluding metals). The material constituting the spheres may be an elastic material such as rubber. The material constituting the spheres is preferably a material that does not adsorb or elute the substance to be measured in the liquid.

[0021] The filler 4A may fill the entire gap between the inner peripheral surface of the container body 2 and the outer peripheral surface of the guide pipe 3 below the upper end of the container body 2. Specifically, the filler 4A may fill the entire gap between the inner peripheral surface of the container body 2 and the outer peripheral surface of the guide pipe 3 over a position that is 95% or less of the height from the bottom 22 to the upper end of the container body 2. That is, the water collection container 1 may have a storage space S formed between the inner peripheral surface of the container body 2 and the outer peripheral surface of the guide pipe 3 above the upper surface of the filler 4A. The storage space S is a space for storing the embankment. The storage space S is not filled with the filler 4A and is composed of the inner peripheral surface of the container body 2, the outer peripheral surface of the guide pipe 3, and the upper surface of the filler 4A.

[0022] The drain pipe 5 has an outlet 52 provided in the peripheral wall 51 at the tip portion exposed to the outside of the container body 2, and the outlet 52 preferably opens toward (below) the bottom 22 side of the container body 2. This configuration can prevent the embankment from entering the inside of the drain pipe 5 through the outlet 52. That is, it is possible to prevent the outlet 52 from being clogged and to prevent liquid from entering through the outlet 52 via the embankment. The drain pipe 5 has a side wall 53 provided at the tip, and the tip of the drain pipe 5 is closed.

[0023] The distance L2 between the bottom 54 of the drain pipe 5 and the bottom 22 of the container body 2 is not particularly limited, but may be any distance that places the bottom 54 of the drain pipe 5 above the position of the electrode of the sensor part of the sensor housed inside the guide pipe 3. The distance L2 may be, for example, 65 mm to 90 mm.

[0024] The container body 2 may have a raised portion 24 provided so as to protrude from the bottom 22 towards the opening 21 (upward). With this configuration, the volume of the container body 2 near the bottom 22 is reduced, and the water collection container 1 can proceed with circulation of the liquid at an earlier stage after the liquid accumulates, and can improve the pore water replacement rate of the liquid in the water collection container 1. Here, the pore water replacement rate of the liquid means a value obtained by multiplying the value obtained by adding liquid from the opening 21 to a state (initial state) in which the container body 2 is filled with liquid up to the height of the outlet 52, discharging the initially filled liquid from the outlet 52, and dividing the amount of discharged liquid by the amount of liquid initially filled, and multiplying this value by 100.

[0025] The raised portion 24 may have a shape obtained by cutting an inverted truncated cone from a cylinder, and may surround the outer circumferential surface of the guide tube 3. Specifically, the raised portion 24 has an outer circumferential surface in the shape of a cylindrical surface and an inner circumferential surface in the shape of an inverted truncated cone tapered toward the bottom 22 of the container body 2, and the outer circumferential surface of the raised portion 24 faces the inner circumferential surface of the container body 2. The outer circumferential surface of the raised portion 24 may or may not be joined to the inner circumferential surface of the container body 2. The raised portion 24 may not surround a part of the outer circumferential surface of the guide tube 3, and may have a C-shaped shape in a plan view, for example. The shape of the raised portion 24 is not limited to the above-mentioned shape, and may be, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped, a cube, or the like.

[0026] The container body 2 may have a protrusion 25 provided protruding outward from the peripheral wall 23 of the container body 2 on the opening 21 side (above) of the drainage pipe 5. With this configuration, when the water collection container 1 is buried inside the embankment, a cavity can be formed below the protrusion 25 and below the tip of the drainage pipe 5 exposed to the outside of the container body 2. This makes it possible to prevent the discharge outlet 52 from coming into contact with the embankment, or the embankment from entering the inside of the drainage pipe 5 from the discharge outlet 52.

[0027] The protruding portion 25 may have a top surface 251, a bottom surface 252, a pair of first side surfaces 253 that connect the top surface 251 and the bottom surface 252 and extend along the axis of the drainage pipe 5, and a second side surface 254 that connects the first side surfaces 253 and extends in a direction perpendicular to the first side surfaces 253. The bottom surface 252 of the protruding portion 25 is preferably disposed away from the drainage pipe 5. This allows a cavity to be formed both between the bottom surface 252 of the protruding portion 25 and the tip of the drainage pipe 5 exposed to the outside of the container body 2 and below the tip when the water collection container 1 is buried in the embankment. This makes it possible to further prevent the discharge outlet 52 from contacting the embankment or the embankment from entering the inside of the drainage pipe 5 from the discharge outlet 52.

[0028] The second side surface 254 is disposed outside the outer peripheral surface of the peripheral wall 23 of the container body 2. In the direction along the axis of the drain pipe 5, the second side surface 254 may be at the same position as the outer surface of the side wall 53 of the drain pipe 5, i.e., may be flush with the outer surface of the side wall 53, or may be disposed outside the outer surface of the side wall 53. The protrusion 25 may be a separate member from the peripheral wall 23 of the container body 2, or may be joined to a cutout portion of the peripheral wall 23. The protrusion 25 may be a member molded integrally with the peripheral wall 23 of the container body 2.

[0029] Examples of materials that may be used to form the container body 2, the guide pipe 3, and the drain pipe 5 include resin materials such as polyvinyl chloride and polypropylene, and metal materials.

[0030] Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a water collecting container according to another embodiment taken along line II in Fig. 2, and Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a guide member. As shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the water collecting container 1 may be provided with a guide member 6A which can be arranged along the upper end surface 231 of the peripheral wall 23 of the container body 2 and which guides the flow of liquid permeating into the embankment toward the opening 21 of the container body 2. The guide member 6A has a function of changing the direction of the flow of liquid permeating into the embankment.

[0031] The guide member 6A is cylindrical through which the guide pipe 3 can be inserted, and the inner peripheral surface of the guide member 6A has an expanded diameter portion 61A whose diameter increases from the opening 21 side of the container body 2 toward the upper side. Since liquid that permeates the unsaturated zone inside the embankment moves irregularly in the embankment, if the water collection container 1 does not have the guide member 6A, it often flows outside the opening 21 of the container body 2 and misses the opening 21. According to the water collection container 1 of this embodiment, liquid that permeates the unsaturated zone inside the embankment flows toward the opening 21 of the container body 2 along the expanded diameter portion 61A of the guide member 6A in a state in which the guide member 6A is arranged along the upper end surface 231 of the peripheral wall 23 of the container body 2. Therefore, the water collection container 1 can increase the amount of collected water or the probability of collecting water, and can efficiently collect liquid that permeates the unsaturated zone inside the embankment, and can circulate the collected liquid. Here, the probability of collecting water means the percentage of the possibility that water can be collected.

[0032] The inner peripheral surface of the guide member 6A may have an expanding portion 61A whose diameter increases from the second opening 63A toward the first opening 62A. Specifically, the inner peripheral surface of the guide member 6A may be an inverted truncated cone surface whose diameter increases from the opening 21 side of the container body 2 toward the upper side.

[0033] The guide member 6A has a first opening (upper opening) 62A provided at one end in the axial direction of the guide member 6A, and a second opening (lower opening) 63A provided at the other end and having a smaller diameter than the first opening 62A. When the second opening 63A of the guide member 6A and the opening 21 of the container body 2 are each circular, it is preferable that the diameter of the second opening 63A of the guide member 6A is the same as or smaller than the diameter of the opening 21 of the container body 2. In addition, the diameter of the second opening 63A of the guide member 6A is larger than the outer diameter of the guide tube 3.

[0034] In the example shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the guide member 6A has a shape obtained by cutting an inverted truncated cone from a cylinder. In this case, the guide member 6A has an outer peripheral surface 64A in the shape of a cylindrical surface, an inner peripheral surface in the shape of an inverted truncated cone, and an annular bottom surface 65A. The guide member 6A may have a fitting portion 66A formed along the second opening 63A on the bottom surface 65A. The fitting portion 66A can be fitted to an upper portion of the peripheral wall 23 including the upper end surface 231 of the container body 2. The guide member 6A can be fixed to the container body 2 by fitting the fitting portion 66A to an upper portion of the peripheral wall 23 including the upper end surface 231 of the container body 2. In the example shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the fitting portion 66A is an annular recess, but may be an annular protrusion. When the fitting portion 66A is an annular convex portion, an annular concave portion may be formed in the upper end surface 231 of the peripheral wall 23 of the container body 2, into which the fitting portion 66A fits.

[0035] The outer diameter of the guide member 6A may be larger than the outer diameter of the container body 2. Specifically, the guide member 6A may have a brim-like shape protruding from the opening 21 of the container body 2 to the outside in the radial direction of the container body 2 in a state where the guide member 6A is disposed along the upper end surface 231 of the peripheral wall 23 of the container body 2.

[0036] The guide member 6A is not limited to the example shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, and may be in the shape of an inverted truncated cone. That is, the guide member 6A may include an outer peripheral surface 64A having an inverted truncated cone surface and an inner peripheral surface having an inverted truncated cone surface.

[0037] Examples of materials that can be used to form the guide member 6A include resin materials such as polyvinyl chloride and polypropylene, and metal materials.

[0038] The water collection vessel 1 may have an accommodation space S1 formed between the inner peripheral surface of the guide member 6A and the outer peripheral surface of the guide pipe 3 above the upper surface of the filler 4A. The accommodation space S1 is a space for accommodating embankment. The accommodation space S1 is not filled with the filler 4A and is composed of the inner peripheral surface of the guide member 6A, the outer peripheral surface of the guide pipe 3, and the upper surface of the filler 4A. The water collection vessel 1 may have the accommodation space S1 in the same manner when it is provided with guide members 6B and 6C described later.

[0039] Fig. 6 is a plan view showing a first modified example of the guide member, and Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional configuration diagram showing the first modified example of the guide member. As shown in Fig. 6, the water collection container 1 can be arranged along the upper end surface 231 of the peripheral wall 23 of the container body 2, and may be provided with a guide member 6B that guides the flow of liquid permeating into the embankment toward the opening 21 of the container body 2. The guide member 6B has the function of changing the direction of the flow of liquid permeating into the embankment, similar to the guide member 6A.

[0040] The guide member 6B is in the form of a sheet, has an insertion hole 61B provided in the center of the guide member 6B through which the guide pipe 3 can be inserted, and can be deformed into an inverted truncated cone shape with a diameter increasing from the opening 21 side of the container body 2 toward the top. With this configuration, when the guide member 6B is arranged along the upper end surface 231 of the peripheral wall 23 of the container body 2, the liquid that permeates the unsaturated zone inside the embankment flows along the surface of the guide member 6B that has been deformed into the inverted truncated cone shape toward the opening 21 of the container body 2. Thus, the water collection container 1 can increase the amount of collected water or the probability of collecting water, can efficiently collect the liquid that permeates the unsaturated zone inside the embankment, and can circulate the collected liquid.

[0041] When the insertion hole 61B of the guide member 6B and the opening 21 of the container body 2 are each circular, it is preferable that the diameter of the insertion hole 61B of the guide member 6B is the same as or smaller than the diameter of the opening 21 of the container body 2. In addition, the diameter of the insertion hole 61B of the guide member 6B is larger than the outer diameter of the guide tube 3.

[0042] The outer shape of the guide member 6B can be circular in a plan view. The guide member 6B may have a plurality of first notches 62B extending radially outward from the insertion hole 61B (toward the outer periphery of the guide member 6B) and a plurality of second notches 63B extending radially inward from the periphery of the guide member 6B (toward the center of the guide member 6B). With this configuration, the guide member 6B can be easily deformed into an inverted truncated cone cylinder whose diameter increases from the opening 21 side of the container body 2 toward the upper side.

[0043] Each of the first cuts 62B and the second cuts 63B is preferably provided at a position that is n-fold rotationally symmetric with respect to the center of the guide member 6B, where n is an integer of 2 or more. In the example shown in FIG. 6, the number of the first cuts 62B is eight, and the eight first cuts 62B are provided at positions that are eight-fold rotationally symmetric. The number of the second cuts 63B is eight, and the eight second cuts 63B are provided at positions that are eight-fold rotationally symmetric. The first cuts 62B and the second cuts 63B are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction of the guide member 6B. The guide member 6B may not have one or both of the first cuts 62B and the second cuts 63B.

[0044] As the guide member 6B, a waterproof sheet having a two-layer structure consisting of a waterproof layer 64B and a nonwoven fabric layer 65B can be used as shown in Fig. 7. Examples of materials constituting the waterproof layer 64B include synthetic rubber, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, etc. The nonwoven fabric layer 65B has a function of preventing damage to the waterproof layer 64B due to gravel in the embankment.

[0045] Fig. 8 is a plan view showing a second modified example of the guide member. As shown in Fig. 8, the water collection container 1 can be arranged along the upper end surface 231 of the peripheral wall 23 of the container body 2, and may include a guide member 6C that guides the flow of liquid permeating into the embankment toward the opening 21 of the container body 2. The guide member 6C according to the second modified example has a different shape from the guide member 6B according to the first modified example, but can otherwise be similar to the guide member 6B according to the first modified example.

[0046] The guide member 6C is in the form of a sheet, has an insertion hole 61C provided in the center of the guide member 6C through which the guide pipe 3 can be inserted, and can be deformed into an inverted truncated cone shape with a diameter increasing from the opening 21 side of the container body 2 toward the top. With this configuration, when the guide member 6C is arranged along the upper end surface 231 of the peripheral wall 23 of the container body 2, the liquid that permeates the unsaturated zone inside the embankment flows along the surface of the guide member 6C that has been deformed into the inverted truncated cone shape toward the opening 21 of the container body 2. Thus, the water collection container 1 can increase the amount of collected water or the probability of collecting water, can efficiently collect the liquid that permeates the unsaturated zone inside the embankment, and can circulate the collected liquid.

[0047] The outer shape of the guide member 6C may be a polygon such as an octagon in plan view. The guide member 6C is composed of a plurality of sheets 62C each having a trapezoidal shape in plan view, and the plurality of sheets 62C may be arranged in a ring shape and joined together. With this configuration, the guide member 6C can be easily deformed into an inverted truncated cone shape whose diameter increases from the opening 21 side of the container body 2 toward the upper side.

[0048] The water collecting vessel 1 having the above-mentioned guide members 6A, 6B, 6C, and the additional filler 4B described below may constitute a water collecting vessel set.

[0049] <Water collection method> 9A to 9D are schematic cross-sectional views for explaining a method for collecting liquid permeating into an embankment using a water collecting container according to another embodiment. With reference to FIG. 9A to FIG. 9D, an example of a method for collecting liquid permeating into an embankment using a water collecting container 1 according to another embodiment will be explained. In the water collecting method of this embodiment, the water collecting container 1 includes a guide member 6B. The water collecting container 1 and the guide member 6B are similar to the water collecting container 1 and the guide member 6B described above, and therefore their explanation will be omitted here. In addition, the guide pipe 3 includes a plurality of guide pipe units 3U, and the plurality of guide pipe units 3U can be connected to each other in the axial direction. Hereinafter, a water collecting method in which the water collecting container 1 includes the guide member 6B will be explained, but in the water collecting method of this embodiment, the water collecting container 1 may include the above-mentioned guide member 6C instead of the guide member 6B.

[0050] (Process of burying the water collection container) The water collecting method of this embodiment includes a step of burying the water collecting container 1 in embankment material 13 piled up on the ground 12 with the guide member 6B removed from the water collecting container 1, as shown in Fig. 9A. The water collecting container 1 is similar to the water collecting container 1 described above, and therefore a description thereof will be omitted here. In this step, the portion of the water collecting container 1 below the upper end surface 231 of the peripheral wall 23 of the container body 2 is buried in the embankment material 13, and the portion above the opening 21 of the container body 2 is not covered with the embankment material 13.

[0051] (The process of piling up embankment materials) The water collection method of this embodiment includes a step of piling up embankment material 13 so as to form an inverted truncated cone-shaped slope 131, the diameter of which increases from the opening 21 side of the container body 2 toward the top, outside and above the peripheral wall 23 of the container body 2, as shown in Figure 9A.

[0052] (Step of deforming the guide member) 9B, the water collecting method of the present embodiment includes a step of arranging guide member 6B along upper end surface 231 and inclined surface 131 of peripheral wall 23 of container body 2, and deforming guide member 6B into an inverted truncated cone cylinder whose diameter increases toward the upper side from opening 21 of container body 2. In this step, guide member 6B is preferably arranged so that the periphery of insertion hole 61B of guide member 6B is located below opening 21 of container body 2.

[0053] (Step of filling additional filling material) 9C, the water collecting method of the present embodiment includes a step of filling the gap between the guide member 6B and the outer peripheral surface of the guide pipe 3 with additional filler 4B. The additional filler 4B may be the same as the above-mentioned filler 4A. In this step, if the water collecting container 1 has a storage space S, the storage space S and the gap between the guide member 6B and the outer peripheral surface of the guide pipe 3 may be filled with additional filler 4B.

[0054] In this step, it is preferable to fill the additional filler 4B so that the additional filler 4B is located below the upper end of the guide member 6B. For example, it is preferable to fill the additional filler 4B so that the additional filler 4B is located below a height of about 95% from the bottom 22 of the container body 2 with respect to the height (shortest distance) from the bottom 22 to the upper end of the guide member 6B. By this step, the water collection container 1 may have a storage space S1 formed between the inner peripheral surface of the guide member 6B and the outer peripheral surface of the guide pipe 3 above the upper surface of the additional filler 4B. The storage space S1 is a space for storing the embankment. The storage space S1 is not filled with the additional filler 4B and is composed of the inner peripheral surface of the guide member 6A, the outer peripheral surface of the guide pipe 3, and the upper surface of the additional filler 4B.

[0055] (Guide tube extension process) 9C, the water collecting method of the present embodiment includes a step of axially connecting the guide pipe units 3U to each other and extending the guide pipe 3. In this step, the guide pipe units 3U can be connected to each other via a connecting member 9.

[0056] (The process of constructing embankments) The water collecting method of this embodiment includes a step of further piling up embankment material 13 above the additional filler 4B and around the guide pipe 3, and compacting the surface of the embankment material 13 to construct an embankment 11, as shown in FIG. 9D.

[0057] As described above, the water collection method of this embodiment includes a guide pipe 3 having a plurality of guide pipe units 3U, which can be connected to each other in the axial direction, and includes the steps of burying the water collection container 1, piling up the embankment material 13, deforming the guide member 6B, filling the additional filler 4B, extending the guide pipe 3, and constructing the embankment 11. As a result, the liquid that permeates the unsaturated zone inside the embankment flows toward the opening 21 of the container body 2 along the surface of the guide member 6B that has been deformed into an inverted truncated cone cylinder. Therefore, according to the water collection method of this embodiment, the amount of collected water or the probability of collecting water can be increased, and the liquid that permeates the unsaturated zone inside the embankment can be efficiently stored in the water collection container 1, and the stored liquid can be circulated.

[0058] <Measurement equipment> FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a measuring device according to an embodiment, and FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of the measuring device according to an embodiment. In FIG. 10, the filling material 4A is omitted. In FIG. 11, the arrows indicate the flow of liquid. The measuring device 10 of this embodiment is a measuring device that measures the internal environment of the embankment. Specifically, the measuring device 10 measures the internal environment of the unsaturated zone of the embankment. As shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. 11, the measuring device 10 includes a water collection container 1 and a sensor 7 disposed inside the guide pipe 3. In addition, a flow passage is formed between the sensor 7 and the inner peripheral surface of the guide pipe 3, which guides the liquid that has flowed into the inside of the guide pipe 3 from the communication hole 32 to the drain pipe 5. With this configuration, liquid such as rainwater that has flowed in from the opening 21 of the container body 2 flows downward through the filling material 4A, flows into the inside of the guide pipe 3 from the communication hole 32, and is discharged from the drain pipe 5 to the outside of the water collection container 1 through the flow passage between the sensor 7 and the inner peripheral surface of the guide pipe 3. Therefore, the measuring device 10 can collect and circulate the liquid that permeates into the unsaturated zone inside the embankment, and can measure the change over time in the internal environment of the unsaturated zone in the embankment.

[0059] The configuration of the water collection container 1 is the same as that described above, and therefore the description will be omitted here. Note that, although the water collection container 1 does not include the guide members 6A, 6B, and 6C in the example shown in Fig. 10 and Fig. 11, the water collection container 1 may include the guide members 6A, 6B, and 6C.

[0060] The sensor 7 detects the internal environment of the embankment. Examples of the sensor 7 include an electric conductivity (electrical conductivity) sensor, a pH sensor, a dissolved oxygen amount sensor, an oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) sensor, etc. The sensor 7 may include one or more of these.

[0061] The sensor 7 has a sensor body 71 and a sensor unit 72 provided at the tip of the sensor body 71 and detecting electrical conductivity (electrical conductivity), pH, amount of dissolved oxygen, oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), etc. In the measuring device 10, the water collection container 1 is always filled with a constant amount of liquid, so that the electrode 73 of the sensor unit 72 can be kept in contact with the liquid. Thus, the measuring device 10 can measure changes over time in the electrical conductivity (electrical conductivity), pH, amount of dissolved oxygen, oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), etc. of the liquid stored in the water collection container 1. In addition, it is possible to prevent the electrode 73 of the sensor 7 from being exposed to gas, causing the sensor 7 to break down.

[0062] As shown in Fig. 10, the measuring device 10 has an airtight cap C that is provided on the top of the sensor 7 and covers the opening at the upper end of the guide tube 3. The airtight cap C has the function of preventing gas outside the embankment from passing through the gap between the guide tube 3 and the sensor body 71 and entering the liquid to be measured, preventing damage to the original environment of the embankment gap. The measuring device 10 may have a recording device 8 such as a data logger that is connected to the sensor 7 and records data detected by the sensor 7.

[0063] <Method of measuring the internal environment of embankments> FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining a method for measuring the internal environment of an embankment according to one embodiment. The method for measuring the internal environment of an embankment according to this embodiment is a measuring method using a measuring device 10 according to this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 12, the method for measuring the internal environment of an embankment according to this embodiment includes a step of burying the measuring device 10 according to this embodiment in an embankment material 13 piled up on a ground 12, a step of compacting the surface of the embankment material 13 to construct an embankment 11 after the step of burying the measuring device 10, and a step of measuring the internal environment of the unsaturated zone of the embankment using the measuring device 10. As a result, the method for measuring the internal environment of an embankment according to this embodiment includes a step of compacting and constructing the embankment 11 after the step of burying the measuring device 10, so that the change over time in the internal environment of the unsaturated zone of the embankment 11 can be measured without damaging the form of the embankment 11.

[0064] When the guide pipe 3 has a plurality of guide pipe units 3U, the step of burying the measuring device 10 may include a step of compacting the embankment around one guide pipe unit 3U, connecting the other guide pipe unit 3U to the one guide pipe unit 3U, and extending the guide pipe 3. The one guide pipe unit 3U and the other guide pipe unit 3U can be connected via a connecting member 9. The step of burying the measuring device 10 may include a step of arranging a sensor 7 inside the guide pipe 3 after the step of extending the guide pipe 3.

[0065] The measuring device 10 is similar to that described above, and therefore will not be described here. EXAMPLES

[0066] The embodiment will now be described in more detail with reference to examples.

[0067] Example 1 A container body was made using a vinyl chloride pipe with an inner diameter of 146 mm, a vinyl chloride pipe with an inner diameter of 51 mm was attached to the bottom of the container body as a guide pipe, a pipe with an inner diameter of 6 mm was attached to the peripheral wall of the container body as a drain pipe, and a raised part was provided at the bottom of the container body. In addition, two types of glass spheres with diameters of 11 mm and 15 mm were filled as fillers between the inner peripheral surface of the container body and the outer peripheral surface of the guide pipe to produce the water collection container shown in Figures 1 to 3. The distance L1 between the lower end of the communication hole and the bottom of the container body was 11 mm, and the distance L2 between the bottom of the drain pipe and the bottom of the container body was 85 mm.

[0068] Then, an electrical conductivity sensor was placed inside the guide tube, and after collecting water in the water collection container, an aqueous potassium chloride solution with an electrical conductivity of approximately 500 mS / m was poured from above the spheres filled in the container body at a rate of approximately 50 mL / min using a liquid delivery pump, and the electrical conductivity was measured until the amount of potassium chloride solution delivered reached a predetermined amount.

[0069] Example 2 The electrical conductivity was measured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that no raised portion was provided in the water collection container.

[0070] Comparative Example 1 The electrical conductivity was measured in the same manner as in Example 2, except that communication holes were provided above and below the drain pipe in the peripheral wall of the guide pipe.

[0071] Fig. 13 is a graph showing the liquid delivery time and the pore water replacement rate in the examples. As shown in Fig. 13, the water collection containers of Examples 1 and 2 had higher pore water replacement rates than the water collection container of Comparative Example 1, and the pore water replacement rate reached 100%. Furthermore, the water collection container of Example 1 with the raised portion showed an earlier replacement than the water collection container of Example 2 without the raised portion.

[0072] (Embodiments of the present invention) The present invention includes the following aspects. <Aspect 1> A water collection container that collects liquid that permeates into the embankment and has a sensor disposed therein for measuring the internal environment of the embankment, A container body having an opening at an upper portion; a guide tube provided inside the container body, extending upward from a bottom of the container body, and capable of housing the sensor therein; a filler provided between an inner peripheral surface of the container body and an outer peripheral surface of the guide pipe for filtering the liquid; a drain pipe extending horizontally from the guide pipe, penetrating the peripheral wall of the container body, and communicating the inside of the guide pipe with the outside of the container body; The guide tube is a water collection container having a pressure adjustment port that adjusts the pressure difference between the gas inside and outside the guide tube, and a communication hole that is provided in the peripheral wall on the bottom side of the container body from the drain pipe and allows the liquid that has passed through the filling to flow into the inside of the guide tube. <Aspect 2> In the water collection container according to aspect 1, the distance between the lower end of the communication hole and the bottom of the container body is 15% or less of the distance between the bottom of the drain pipe and the bottom of the container body. <Aspect 3> The water collection container according to aspect 1 or 2, wherein the container body has a raised portion protruding from the bottom of the container body toward the opening side. <Aspect 4> The drain pipe has a discharge port provided in a peripheral wall at a tip portion exposed to the outside of the container body, In the water collection container according to any one of Aspects 1 to 3, the outlet is open to the bottom side of the container body. <Aspect 5> The water collection container according to any one of aspects 1 to 4, wherein the container body has a protrusion protruding outward from the peripheral wall of the container body on the opening side of the drain pipe. <Aspect 6> The packing is a plurality of spheres, Aspects 6. The water collection vessel of any one of aspects 1 to 5, wherein the plurality of spheres includes a plurality of types of spheres having different diameters. <Aspect 7> a guide member that can be disposed along an upper end surface of the peripheral wall of the container body and that guides the flow of the liquid that permeates into the embankment toward the opening of the container body; The guide member is tubular so that the guide pipe can be inserted therethrough, In the water collection container according to aspect 6, the inner circumferential surface of the guide member has a diameter-increasing portion whose diameter increases from the opening side of the container body toward the upper side. <Aspect 8> a guide member that can be disposed along an upper end surface of the peripheral wall of the container body and that guides the flow of the liquid that permeates into the embankment toward the opening of the container body; The guide member is sheet-shaped, has a through hole at the center of the guide member through which the guide tube can be inserted, and is a water collection container described in embodiment 6 that can be deformed into an inverted truncated cone shape whose diameter increases as it extends upward from the opening side of the container body. <Aspect 9> A method for collecting liquid permeating into an embankment using the water collection container according to embodiment 8, comprising: The guide pipe has a plurality of guide pipe units, and the plurality of guide pipe units are axially connectable to each other, a step of burying the water collection container in a banking material banked on the ground in a state in which the guide member is removed from the water collection container; piling up the embankment material so as to form an inverted truncated cone-shaped slope whose diameter increases from the opening side of the container body toward the upper side, outside and above the peripheral wall of the container body; a step of arranging the guide member along the upper end surface and the inclined surface of the peripheral wall of the container body, and deforming the guide member into an inverted truncated cone shape having a diameter increasing upward from the opening side of the container body; filling a gap between the guide member and the outer circumferential surface of the guide pipe with an additional filler; a step of connecting the guide pipe units to each other in an axial direction to extend the guide pipe; and a step of piling up further embankment material above the additional filler and around the guide pipe, and compacting the surface of the embankment material to build an embankment. <Aspect 10> A measuring device for measuring the internal environment of an embankment, A water collecting vessel according to any one of claims 1 to 8; a sensor disposed inside the guide tube; In this measuring device, a flow passage is formed between the sensor and the inner circumferential surface of the guide pipe, which guides the liquid that has flowed into the inside of the guide pipe from the communication hole to the drain pipe.

[0073] As described above, the embodiment has been described, but the above embodiment is presented as an example, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. The above embodiment can be implemented in various other forms, and various combinations, omissions, substitutions, modifications, etc. can be made without departing from the gist of the invention. These embodiments and their modifications are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are included in the scope of the invention and its equivalents described in the claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0074] 1 Water collection container 2 Container body 21 Opening 22 Bottom 23 Peripheral wall 24 Raised section 25 Protrusion 251 Top 252 Bottom 253 First aspect 254 Second aspect 3 Guide tube 3U Guide tube unit 31 Peripheral wall 32 Communication hole 33 Pressure adjustment port 4A filling 4B Additional filling 5 Drain pipe 51 Peripheral wall 52 Outlet 53 Side wall 54 Bottom 6A, 6B, 6C guide members 61A Expanded section 62A 1st opening 63A 2nd opening 64A Outer surface 65A Bottom 61B Insertion hole 62B First cut 63B Second cut 64B Water impermeable layer 65B Non-woven layer 61C Insertion hole 62C seat 7 Sensors 71 Sensor body 72 Sensor section 73 Electrode 8 Recording Devices 9 Connection parts 10. Measuring Equipment 11 Embankment 12 Ground 13 Embankment materials 131 Slope C Airtight Cap S Storage space

Claims

1. A water collection container that collects liquid that permeates into the embankment and has a sensor disposed therein for measuring the internal environment of the embankment, A container body having an opening at an upper portion; a guide tube provided inside the container body, extending upward from a bottom of the container body, and capable of housing the sensor therein; a filler provided between an inner peripheral surface of the container body and an outer peripheral surface of the guide pipe for filtering the liquid; a drain pipe extending horizontally from the guide pipe, penetrating the peripheral wall of the container body, and communicating the inside of the guide pipe with the outside of the container body; The guide tube is a water collecting container having a pressure adjustment port that adjusts the pressure difference between the gas inside and outside the guide tube, and a communication hole that is provided in the peripheral wall on the bottom side of the container body from the drain pipe and allows the liquid that has passed through the filling to flow into the inside of the guide tube.

2. 2. The water collection container according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the lower end of the communication hole and the bottom of the container body is 15% or less of the distance between the bottom of the drain pipe and the bottom of the container body.

3. The water collection container according to claim 2 , wherein the container body has a raised portion protruding from the bottom of the container body toward the opening side.

4. The drain pipe has a discharge port provided in a peripheral wall at a tip portion exposed to the outside of the container body, The water collection container according to claim 3 , wherein the outlet is open to the bottom side of the container body.

5. The water collection container according to claim 4 , wherein the container body has a protrusion that protrudes outward from the peripheral wall of the container body on the opening side of the drain pipe.

6. The packing is a plurality of spheres, 6. The water collection vessel of claim 5, wherein the plurality of spheres comprises a plurality of types of spheres having different diameters.

7. a guide member that can be disposed along an upper end surface of the peripheral wall of the container body and that guides the flow of the liquid that permeates into the embankment toward the opening of the container body; The guide member is tubular so that the guide pipe can be inserted therethrough, 7. The water collection container according to claim 6, wherein the inner circumferential surface of the guide member has a diameter increasing portion whose diameter increases from the opening side of the container body toward the upper side.

8. a guide member that can be disposed along an upper end surface of the peripheral wall of the container body and that guides the flow of the liquid that permeates into the embankment toward the opening of the container body; The water collection container according to claim 6, wherein the guide member is sheet-like, has a through hole at the center of the guide member through which the guide tube can be inserted, and is deformable into an inverted truncated cone shape having a diameter that increases as it extends upward from the opening side of the container body.

9. A method for collecting liquid permeating into an embankment using the water collection container according to claim 8, comprising the steps of: The guide pipe has a plurality of guide pipe units, and the plurality of guide pipe units are axially connectable to each other, a step of burying the water collection container in a banking material banked on the ground in a state in which the guide member is removed from the water collection container; piling up the embankment material so as to form an inverted truncated cone-shaped slope having a diameter increasing from the opening side of the container body toward the upper side outside and above the peripheral wall of the container body; a step of arranging the guide member along the upper end surface and the inclined surface of the peripheral wall of the container body, and deforming the guide member into an inverted truncated cone shape having a diameter increasing upward from the opening side of the container body; filling a gap between the guide member and the outer circumferential surface of the guide pipe with an additional filler; a step of connecting the guide pipe units to each other in an axial direction to extend the guide pipe; and building an embankment by further piling up embankment material above the additional filler and around the guide pipe and compacting the surface of the embankment material.

10. A measuring device for measuring the internal environment of an embankment, A water collecting vessel according to any one of claims 1 to 8; a sensor disposed inside the guide tube; A measuring device in which a flow passage is formed between the sensor and the inner surface of the guide pipe, which guides the liquid that has flowed into the inside of the guide pipe from the communication hole to the drain pipe.

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