Burner with torch ignition mechanism and method for operating same

Abstract

To provide a burner with a torch ignition mechanism capable of securely igniting fuel supplied and an air-fuel mixture in an oxidant regardless of an ignition condition, and an operating method for the burner.SOLUTION: A burner 1 includes a torch part 10 and a main fuel-main oxidant supply part 90. The torch part 10 includes: a torch combustor liner 35 provided in a torch part casing and burning fuel and an oxidant; a torch fuel supply part 25 supplying the fuel; a torch oxidant supply part 20 supplying the oxidant; an ignition device igniting an air-fuel mixture; and combustion gas piping 40 disposed at the center of the torch part 10 and guiding combustion gas in the torch combustor liner 35 to one end side of the torch part 10. The main fuel-main oxidant supply part 90 includes: a main fuel supply passage 100 annularly formed on the outer periphery of the torch part 10; and a main oxidant supply passage 110 annularly formed on the outer periphery of the main fuel supply passage 100.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE An embodiment of the present invention relates to a burner with a torch ignition mechanism and a method of operating the same. [Background technology]

[0002] Some gas turbine combustors use a diffusion combustion system in which fuel and oxidizer supplied from a burner are combusted inside a combustor liner. This combustor is equipped with an ignition device that ignites the mixture of fuel and oxidizer mixed inside the combustor liner.

[0003] As an ignition device provided in a combustor, a laser ignition device that ignites the air-fuel mixture in the combustor liner by a laser, or a spark ignition device that ignites the air-fuel mixture in the combustor liner by spark discharge is adopted.

[0004] In conventional combustors, a laser beam is irradiated or an ignition plug is disposed at an optimal position in the combustor liner, which is made up of a cylindrical body, from a direction perpendicular to the central axis direction (longitudinal direction of the combustor liner). The optimal position for irradiating the laser beam or inserting the ignition plug is set based on ignition conditions such as the ejection pattern of fuel and oxidizer into the combustor liner and the position where an optimal mixture of fuel and oxidizer for ignition is formed.

[0005] In thermal power plants equipped with such combustors, as efforts are being made to improve efficiency, 2 Supercritical CO with a diffusion combustion combustor that burns fuel and oxidizer in the atmosphere 2 Gas turbine equipment is being considered. 2 In a gas turbine facility, a portion of the working fluid discharged from the turbine is circulated to the combustor as circulating gas.

[0006] This supercritical CO 2In gas turbine equipment, the operating conditions are an ultra-high pressure environment, so the thickness of the combustor casing as a pressure vessel is also increased. In addition, a circulation gas flow path for circulating the circulation gas is provided between the combustor casing and the combustor liner.

[0007] In combustors operated under such ultra-high pressure environments, a laser ignition device capable of non-contact ignition is being considered as an ignition device from the viewpoint of preventing leakage of the working fluid.

[0008] Conventional laser ignition devices focus the laser light using a lens and irradiate the laser light into the combustor liner through pressure-resistant glass. In this case, too, the laser light is irradiated to an optimal position inside the combustor liner from a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the combustor liner, which is made of a cylindrical body. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0009] [Patent Document 1] JP 2012-117535 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0010] In a combustor of a gas turbine, the optimal position in the central axis direction for irradiating the laser beam and the optimal position in the central axis direction for disposing the ignition plug vary depending on the ignition conditions. However, in the conventional combustor described above, it is not possible to change the position in the central axis direction for irradiating the laser beam and the position in the central axis direction for disposing the ignition plug depending on the ignition conditions. Therefore, when the ignition conditions are changed, optimal ignition may not be achieved.

[0011] In addition, supercritical CO 2Gas turbine equipment has a thick combustor casing and a circulating gas flow path, so the focal length of the lens is long. Therefore, in order to ensure ignition, it is necessary to increase the laser output. Increasing the laser output increases the risk of damage to the pressure-resistant glass.

[0012] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a burner with a torch ignition mechanism and an operating method thereof, which are capable of reliably igniting a mixture of supplied fuel and oxidizer regardless of the ignition conditions. [Means for solving the problem]

[0013] The burner with a torch ignition mechanism of the embodiment includes a tubular torch portion extending in an axial direction, and a ring-shaped ignition coil provided on one end side of the torch portion and formed on the outer periphery of the torch portion. main fuel- main Oxidant supply section a flame detection mechanism provided on the other end side of the torch portion; Equipped with.

[0014] The torch section includes a torch section casing and a torch combustor liner provided in the torch section casing for burning fuel and an oxidizer, a torch fuel supply unit for supplying fuel into the torch combustor liner, a torch oxidizer supply unit for supplying oxidizer into the torch combustor liner, an ignition device for igniting a mixture of fuel and air in the torch combustor liner, a combustion gas piping extending from the torch combustor liner toward one end side of the torch section and disposed in the center of the torch section for directing combustion gas generated in the torch combustor liner to the one end side of the torch section, and a cooling medium passage formed in an annular shape between the torch combustor liner, the combustion gas piping, and the torch section casing for directing a cooling medium toward the one end side of the torch section. The main fuel-main oxidizer supply section includes a main fuel supply passage formed in an annular shape around the outer periphery of the torch section, and a main oxidizer supply passage formed in an annular shape around the outer periphery of the main fuel supply passage, and the flame detection mechanism includes a flame detection section that is provided on the other end side of the torch section relative to the torch combustor liner and detects a flame in the torch combustor liner when a flame is formed in the torch combustor liner, and detects a flame formed by combustion of the fuel and oxidizer supplied from the main fuel-main oxidizer supply section when a flame is not formed in the torch combustor liner, and a flame detection passage that communicates the flame detection section with the inside of the torch combustor liner.

[0015] Also, The combustion gas piping, the torch combustor liner, the flame detection passage, and the flame detection unit are arranged coaxially with the central axis of the burner with the torch ignition mechanism. . [Brief description of the drawings]

[0016] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a vertical cross section of a burner according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic diagram showing a vertical cross section of a torch portion and a flame detection mechanism in a burner according to an embodiment. [Diagram 3] 2 is an enlarged schematic diagram showing a vertical cross section of a part of a torch section and a fuel-oxidizer supply section in a burner according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. [Figure 4] 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a control device that executes a burner operation method according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Diagram 5] 4 is a time chart for explaining a method of operating a burner according to an embodiment. [Figure 6] 4 is a flowchart for explaining a method of operating a burner according to an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0017] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0018] Fig. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic vertical cross section of a burner 1 according to an embodiment. Fig. 2 is a diagram showing an enlarged schematic vertical cross section of a torch section 10 and a flame detection mechanism 70 in the burner 1 according to an embodiment. Fig. 3 is a diagram showing an enlarged schematic vertical cross section of a part of the torch section 10 and a main fuel-main oxidizer supply section 90 in the burner 1 according to an embodiment. Fig. 3 also shows a main combustor liner 120 to which the burner 1 is attached. The burner 1 functions as a burner with a torch ignition mechanism.

[0019] The burner 1 has a function of supplying fuel and oxidizer into the main combustor liner 120 to which the burner 1 is attached, and also supplies an ignition source (combustion gas) for igniting the mixture of the supplied fuel and oxidizer. One end side of the burner 1 is attached to the main combustor liner 120.

[0020] 1, the burner 1 includes a torch section 10, a flame detection mechanism 70, and a main fuel / main oxidizer supply section 90. The burner 1 also includes a control device 130 that controls the operation of the burner 1.

[0021] The torch unit 10, the flame detection mechanism 70, and the main fuel-main oxidizer supply unit 90 are arranged with the central axis O as the central axis. That is, the torch unit 10, the flame detection mechanism 70, and the main fuel-main oxidizer supply unit 90 are arranged coaxially.

[0022] First, the configuration of the torch unit 10 will be described.

[0023] The torch unit 10 generates combustion gas and guides the combustion gas into the main combustor liner 120 as an ignition source. The torch unit 10 is composed of a tubular member extending in the direction of a central axis O. In the following, the direction of the central axis O will be simply referred to as the axial direction.

[0024] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the torch section 10 includes a first torch component 10A having the main function of supplying fuel and oxidizer, a second torch component 10B having the main function of burning the fuel and oxidizer, and a third torch component 10C having the main function of directing combustion gas into the main combustor liner 120.

[0025] The torch components are arranged in the following order toward the main fuel / main oxidizer supply section 90 side (one end side of the burner 1): first torch component 10A, second torch component 10B, and third torch component 10C.

[0026] As shown in FIG. 2, the first torch component 10A includes a first torch casing 11, a torch oxidizer supply unit 20, and a torch fuel supply unit 25.

[0027] The first torch casing 11 is, for example, a cylinder having flanges 12, 13 at both ends. Both ends of the first torch casing 11 are open. A sealing plate 17 is provided at the end of the first torch casing 11 on the flame detection unit 75 side (the other end side of the burner 1). This sealing plate 17 is attached to the flange 12.

[0028] A cylindrical body 14 having both open ends along the axial direction is provided inside the first torch unit casing 11. The end of the cylindrical body 14 on the flame detection unit 75 side is provided with, for example, a flange portion 14a that protrudes radially outward in an annular shape, as shown in Fig. 2. The cylindrical body 14 is fixed by sandwiching the flange portion 14a between the flange portion 12 and a sealing plate 17.

[0029] Here, the radially outer side refers to the side perpendicular to the central axis O and away from the central axis O.

[0030] The torch oxidizer supply unit 20 supplies an oxidizer into a torch combustor liner 35 provided in the second torch component 10B. The torch oxidizer supply unit 20 includes a torch oxidizer supply passage 15 and a torch oxidizer supply pipe 21.

[0031] The torch oxidizer supply passage 15 guides the oxidizer to the torch combustor liner 35. The torch oxidizer supply passage 15 is composed of an annular passage formed in the axial direction between the cylindrical body 14 and the first torch casing 11. The end of the torch oxidizer supply passage 15 on the flame detection section 75 side is closed by, for example, the flange section 14a of the cylindrical body 14.

[0032] At the outlet of the torch oxidizer supply passage 15, a swirler 16 is provided to make the flow of the oxidizer injected into the torch combustor liner 35 a swirling flow.

[0033] The torch oxidizer supply pipe 21 supplies the oxidizer supplied from an oxidizer supply source (not shown) to the torch oxidizer supply passage 15. One end of the torch oxidizer supply pipe 21 is joined to, for example, a side wall of the first torch casing 11 so as to communicate with a through hole 11a formed in the side wall. The oxidizer is supplied from the torch oxidizer supply pipe 21 to the torch oxidizer supply passage 15 through the through hole 11a. The torch oxidizer supply pipe 21 is provided with a flow rate adjustment valve 22 that adjusts the flow rate of the oxidizer.

[0034] Examples of the oxidizing agent include oxygen, a mixed gas of oxygen and carbon dioxide, a mixed gas of oxygen and water vapor, and air. For example, supercritical CO 2 When the gas turbine facility is equipped with the burner 1, the oxidizer pressurized to or above the critical pressure is supplied to the torch oxidizer supply pipe 21.

[0035] The torch fuel supply unit 25 supplies fuel into the torch combustor liner 35. The torch fuel supply unit 25 includes a torch fuel introduction passage 26 and a torch fuel supply pipe 27.

[0036] The torch fuel introduction passage 26, for example, introduces the fuel into the swirler 16 provided at the outlet of the torch oxidizer supply passage 15. Note that, although an example of the configuration of the torch fuel introduction passage 26 that introduces the fuel into the swirler 16 is shown here, the configuration is not limited to this. The torch fuel introduction passage 26 may be configured to directly inject the fuel into the torch combustor liner 35, for example.

[0037] 2, the torch fuel introduction passage 26 is formed in the flange portion 13 of the first torch portion casing 11. The torch fuel introduction passage 26 is formed, for example, by a through hole that penetrates from the outer surface of the flange portion 13 to the torch oxidizer supply passage 15 at a position where the swirler 16 is provided.

[0038] The torch fuel supply pipe 27 supplies fuel from a fuel supply source (not shown) to the torch fuel introduction passage 26. One end of the torch fuel supply pipe 27 is joined to the outer surface of the flange portion 13 so as to communicate with the torch fuel introduction passage 26. The torch fuel supply pipe 27 is provided with a flow rate adjustment valve 28 that adjusts the flow rate of the fuel.

[0039] The configuration of the torch fuel supply unit 25 is not limited to the above-mentioned configuration. For example, the torch fuel supply unit 25 may be configured so that the fuel supplied from the torch fuel supply pipe 27 is evenly supplied to the torch oxidizer supply passage 15 in the circumferential direction. Specifically, for example, a plurality of torch fuel supply units 25 may be provided radially in the circumferential direction of the flange portion 13.

[0040] As the fuel, for example, a hydrocarbon such as methane or natural gas can be used. As the fuel, for example, a coal gasification gas fuel containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen can also be used. Furthermore, as the fuel, for example, hydrogen can also be used.

[0041] The second torch component 10B includes a second torch casing 30, a torch combustor liner 35, a combustion gas pipe 40, a cooling medium passage 45, and an ignition device 50.

[0042] The second torch part casing 30 is, for example, a cylinder having flanges 31, 32 at both ends. Both ends of the second torch part casing 30 are open. The flange 31 is joined to the flange 13 of the first torch part casing 11. The flange 32 is connected to a flange 61 of a third torch part casing 60, which will be described later.

[0043] The torch combustor liner 35 combusts the fuel supplied from the torch fuel introduction passage 26 and the oxidizer supplied from the torch oxidizer supply passage 15. When the main combustor liner 120 functions as a main combustion chamber, the torch combustor liner 35 functions as a sub-combustion chamber.

[0044] The torch combustor liner 35 is provided along the axial direction inside the second torch section casing 30. As shown in Fig. 2, the torch combustor liner 35 is, for example, a truncated cone-shaped cylinder with both ends open. The torch combustor liner 35 has a flow passage cross-sectional area that becomes smaller toward the tip side (downstream side).

[0045] The end of the torch combustor liner 35 on the first torch section casing 11 side (upstream side) is provided with, for example, a flange portion 35a that protrudes radially outward in an annular shape, as shown in Fig. 2. The torch combustor liner 35 is fixed by sandwiching the flange portion 35a between the flange portion 31 and the flange portion 13.

[0046] Further, the torch combustor liner 35 is formed with a plurality of through holes 36 for introducing the cooling medium into the torch combustor liner 35 from the cooling medium passage 45. In addition, in Fig. 2, the flow of the cooling medium introduced into the torch combustor liner 35 from the through holes 36 is indicated by arrows.

[0047] The combustion gas piping 40 guides the combustion gas generated in the torch combustor liner 35 to one end side of the torch section (one end side of the burner 1). The combustion gas piping 40 is connected to the downstream end of the torch combustor liner 35. The combustion gas piping 40 extends from the downstream end of the torch combustor liner 35 toward one end side of the torch section.

[0048] The combustion gas pipe 40 is disposed in the center of the torch section 10, and is disposed coaxially with the cylindrical body 14 and the torch combustor liner 35. The combustion gas pipe 40 is formed of, for example, a circular pipe.

[0049] The cooling medium passage 45 is composed of an annular passage formed in the axial direction between the torch combustor liner 35 and the second torch section casing 30, and between the combustion gas pipe 40 and the second torch section casing 30. The cooling medium passage 45 extends from the upstream side of the torch combustor liner 35 toward one end side of the torch section. The cooling medium supplied to the upstream part of the cooling medium passage 45 is guided by the cooling medium passage 45 to one end side of the torch section.

[0050] The upstream end of the cooling medium passage 45 is closed by, for example, the flange portion 35 a of the torch combustor liner 35 .

[0051] The second torch component 10B further includes a cooling medium introduction passage 46 and a cooling medium supply pipe 47 for supplying a cooling medium to the cooling medium passage 45.

[0052] The cooling medium introduction passage 46 supplies a cooling medium to the cooling medium passage 45. The cooling medium introduction passage 46 is formed in the flange portion 31 of the second torch portion casing 30, for example, as shown in Fig. 2. The cooling medium introduction passage 46 is formed by a through hole that penetrates from the outer surface of the flange portion 31 to the cooling medium passage 45, for example.

[0053] The cooling medium supply pipe 47 supplies the cooling medium supplied from a cooling medium supply source (not shown) to the cooling medium introduction passage 46. One end of the cooling medium supply pipe 47 is joined to the outer surface of the flange portion 31 so as to communicate with the cooling medium introduction passage 46. The cooling medium supply pipe 47 is provided with a flow rate adjustment valve 48 that adjusts the flow rate of the cooling medium.

[0054] As a cooling medium, for example, carbon dioxide, water vapor, air, etc. are used. For example, supercritical CO 2 When the gas turbine facility is provided with the burner 1, the cooling medium pressurized to the critical pressure or higher is supplied to the cooling medium supply pipe 47.

[0055] The ignition device 50 ignites the mixture of fuel and air in the torch combustor liner 35. The ignition device 50 is disposed so as to be able to ignite the mixture in the torch combustor liner 35 through a through hole 33 formed in the second torch section casing 30. The through hole 33 is formed in the second torch section casing 30 located on the outer periphery of the torch combustor liner 35.

[0056] The ignition device 50 is provided in the second torch section casing 30 located on the outer periphery of the torch combustor liner 35, for example, as shown in FIG.

[0057] As the ignition device 50, a laser ignition device that ignites with a laser beam, a spark ignition device that ignites with a spark plug, or the like is used. A laser ignition device has the advantage of being able to ignite without contact. In addition, a supercritical CO ignition device that uses a pressure higher than that in the combustor of a conventional gas turbine is used. 2 When the gas turbine facility is provided with the burner 1, it is preferable to employ a laser ignition device in consideration of the leakage of combustion gas and the like.

[0058] In this embodiment, an example in which a laser ignition device is provided as the ignition device 50 is shown.

[0059] A laser transmitting member 51 is provided at the end of through hole 33 on the cooling medium passage 45 side so as to close through hole 33. Laser transmitting member 51 is made of, for example, a flat heat-resistant glass that transmits laser light. Note that, as laser transmitting member 51, a flat heat-resistant resin that transmits laser light may also be used.

[0060] Here, a through hole 37 for irradiating the laser light into the torch combustor liner 35 is formed in the torch combustor liner 35 at a position facing the through hole 33. The laser light emitted from the ignition device 50 passes through the through hole 33, the laser transmitting member 51, and the through hole 37, and is irradiated into the torch combustor liner 35.

[0061] Furthermore, the cooling medium flowing through cooling medium passage 45 comes into contact with one surface of laser transmitting member 51. Therefore, this cooling medium cools torch combustor liner 35, combustion gas piping 40, and laser transmitting member 51, and also removes foreign matter adhering to one surface of laser transmitting member 51.

[0062] Here, in the torch section 10, the ignition device 50 is provided in the second torch section casing 30. Then, the laser light passes through the through hole 33 of the second torch section casing 30 and the through hole 37 of the torch combustor liner 35, and is irradiated into the torch combustor liner 35 from the side of the second torch constituent section 10B at a predetermined angle with respect to the central axis O. Since the ignition conditions in the torch combustor liner 35 are almost constant, the optimal central axis direction position for irradiating the laser light is a constant position. Therefore, even if the laser light is irradiated from the side of the second torch constituent section 10B, optimal ignition can be performed.

[0063] In addition, the thickness of the second torch casing 30 is thinner than the thickness of the casing of the main combustor that houses the main combustor liner 120. Furthermore, the focal length of the lens that focuses the laser in the ignition device 50 is short. Therefore, the laser output in the ignition device 50 is lower than the laser output of a conventional laser ignition device in a main combustor. This prevents the laser transparent member 51 from being damaged by the laser light.

[0064] The third torch component 10C includes a third torch casing 60, a combustion gas pipe 40, and a cooling medium passage 45.

[0065] The third torch casing 60 is, for example, a cylinder having a flange portion 61 at one end. The third torch casing 60 extends in the axial direction to the outlet of the burner 1. Both ends of the third torch casing 60 are open. The flange portion 61 is connected to the flange portion 32 of the second torch casing 30.

[0066] The third torch casing 60, the first torch casing 11, and the second torch casing 30 described above constitute a torch casing.

[0067] In the third torch section casing 60, the above-mentioned combustion gas pipe 40 is extended in the axial direction to the outlet of the burner 1. That is, the combustion gas pipe 40 is extended from the downstream end of the torch combustor liner 35 to the outlet of the burner 1. The combustion gas pipe 40 opens at the outlet of the burner 1.

[0068] Here, an example is shown in which the outlet of the combustion gas pipe 40 is configured as a straight pipe parallel to the axial direction, but the configuration is not limited to this. The outlet of the combustion gas pipe 40 may be configured so that the ejected combustion gas spreads radially outward. This causes the flow of the combustion gas to spread toward the side where the fuel and oxidizer are supplied.

[0069] For example, a swirler may be provided at the outlet of the combustion gas pipe 40. Also, for example, the outlet of the combustion gas pipe 40 may be an annular expanded passage. The outlet of the combustion gas pipe 40 may have a double-pipe structure with an expanded pipe. That is, the outlet of the combustion gas pipe 40 may be configured with an expanded pipe whose cross-sectional area gradually expands, and a conical member with a smaller diameter is placed inside the expanded pipe with its apex facing upstream to form an annular expanded passage. This allows the combustion gas to expand radially outward without reducing the ejection speed of the combustion gas.

[0070] Between the third torch casing 60 and the combustion gas pipe 40, the above-mentioned cooling medium passage 45 is extended in the axial direction to the outlet of the burner 1. That is, the cooling medium passage 45 is extended from the upstream side of the torch combustor liner 35 to the outlet of the burner 1. The cooling medium passage 45 opens at the outlet of the burner 1.

[0071] Next, the configuration of the flame detection mechanism 70 will be described.

[0072] The flame detection mechanism 70 detects a flame formed in the torch combustor liner 35 or a flame formed in the main combustor liner 120. The flame detection mechanism 70 is provided on the other end side of the torch section 10 relative to the torch combustor liner 35.

[0073] The flame detection mechanism 70 includes a detection section casing 71, a flame detection section 75, a flame detection passage 80, a light transmitting member 72, and a purification medium supply section 85.

[0074] The flame detection unit 75 detects a flame formed in the torch combustor liner 35 or a flame formed in the main combustor liner 120. The flame detection unit 75 is provided on the other end side of the torch unit 10. For example, as shown in Fig. 2, the flame detection unit 75 is provided in a detection unit casing 71 connected to the end face of the sealing plate 17 opposite to the first torch unit casing 11 side.

[0075] The flame detection unit 75 is composed of an optical flame detection device that detects infrared rays, visible light, ultraviolet rays, or the like emitted from a flame.

[0076] The flame detection passage 80 is a passage for detecting a flame formed in the torch combustor liner 35 or a flame formed in the main combustor liner 120 in the flame detection unit 75. The flame detection passage 80 is a passage that communicates with the inside of the torch combustor liner 35 and extends to the flame detection unit 75 side.

[0077] 2, the flame detection passage 80 includes a through-hole 17a formed in the center of the sealing plate 17 and a through-hole 14b in the cylindrical body 14. The through-hole 17a communicates with the inside of the torch combustor liner 35. The through-hole 17a communicates with the through-hole 14b. The through-hole 14b and the through-hole 17a are formed coaxially with the central axis O as the central axis.

[0078] Here, as described above, the flame detection passage 80 for detecting the flame formed in the torch combustor liner 35 is composed of the through hole 17a and the through portion 14b. In this case, the light from the flame formed in the torch combustor liner 35 passes through the through portion 14b and the through hole 17a and enters the flame detection portion 75.

[0079] On the other hand, the flame detection passage 80 for detecting a flame formed in the main combustor liner 120 is composed of the penetration portion 14b, the through hole 17a, the torch combustor liner 35, and the combustion gas piping 40. In this case, the light from the flame formed in the main combustor liner 120 passes through the combustion gas piping 40, the torch combustor liner 35, the penetration portion 14b, and the through hole 17a, and enters the flame detection portion 75.

[0080] Here, the combustion gas pipe 40, the torch combustor liner 35, the through-portion 14b, the through-hole 17a, and the flame detection portion 75 are formed coaxially with the central axis O as the central axis.

[0081] As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the ignition device 50 is disposed at a position that does not impede flame detection in the flame detection passage 80 described above.

[0082] In a gas turbine combustor that operates over a wide operating range, the flame may move in the central axial direction depending on the operating conditions. By detecting the flame formed in the main combustor liner 120 from the upstream side in the axial direction, the flame can be detected reliably even if the flame fluctuates in the axial direction, for example.

[0083] The light transmitting member 72 transmits the light from the flame to the flame detection section 75. The light transmitting member 72 is provided, for example, between the flame detection section 75 and the flame detection passage 80. The light transmitting member 72 is made of a flat heat-resistant glass that transmits the light from the flame. Note that the light transmitting member 72 may be made of a flat heat-resistant resin that transmits the light from the flame.

[0084] The purifying medium supply unit 85 supplies a purifying medium for purifying the light transmitting member 72 to the flame detection passage 80. Specifically, the purifying medium supply unit 85 supplies the purifying medium for removing foreign matter adhering to the surface of the light transmitting member 72 on the flame detection passage 80 side to the flame detection passage 80. The purifying medium also has a function of cooling the light transmitting member 72. The purifying medium supply unit 85 includes a purifying medium introduction passage 86 and a purifying medium supply pipe 87.

[0085] The purifying medium introduction passage 86 introduces the purifying medium into the flame detection passage 80. The purifying medium introduction passage 86 is formed in the sealing plate 17, for example, as shown in FIG. 2. The purifying medium introduction passage 86 is configured, for example, as a through-hole that penetrates from the outer surface of the sealing plate 17 to the flame detection passage 80. Note that it is preferable that the outlet of the purifying medium introduction passage 86 is close to the light transmitting member 72.

[0086] The purification medium supply pipe 87 supplies the purification medium supplied from a purification medium supply source (not shown) to the purification medium introduction passage 86. One end of the purification medium supply pipe 87 is joined to the outer surface of the sealing plate 17 so as to communicate with the purification medium introduction passage 86. The purification medium supply pipe 87 is provided with a flow rate adjustment valve 88 that adjusts the flow rate of the purification medium.

[0087] As a purification medium, for example, carbon dioxide, water vapor, air, etc. are used. For example, supercritical CO 2 When the gas turbine facility is equipped with the burner 1 , the purifying medium pressurized to a critical pressure or higher is supplied to the purifying medium supply pipe 87 .

[0088] Here, when the flame detection unit 75 has the function of the light transmitting member 72, the light transmitting member 72 may not be provided. In this case, the cleaning medium supply unit 85 may not be provided either.

[0089] Next, the configuration of the main fuel / main oxidizer supply section 90 will be described.

[0090] The main fuel-main oxidizer supply section 90 supplies fuel and oxidizer into the main combustor liner 120. As shown in Fig. 3, the main fuel-main oxidizer supply section 90 includes a main fuel supply passage 100 and a main oxidizer supply passage 110. The outlet end face of the main fuel-main oxidizer supply section 90 is configured, for example, in a flat shape without irregularities.

[0091] The main fuel / main oxidizer supply section 90 also includes a main fuel supply pipe 91 that supplies fuel to the main fuel supply passage 100 , and a main oxidizer supply pipe 92 that supplies oxidizer to the main oxidizer supply passage 110 .

[0092] The main fuel supply passage 100 supplies fuel into the main combustor liner 120. The main fuel supply passage 100 is configured as an annular passage formed in the axial direction on the outer periphery of the torch section 10 on the main combustor liner 120 side.

[0093] 3, the main fuel supply passage 100 includes a first main fuel supply passage 101 and a second main fuel supply passage 102. In addition, the main fuel supply pipe 91 includes a first main fuel supply pipe 91A that supplies fuel to the first main fuel supply passage 101, and a second main fuel supply pipe 91B that supplies fuel to the second main fuel supply passage 102.

[0094] The first main fuel supply pipe 91A is provided with a flow rate adjustment valve 93 that adjusts the flow rate of fuel, and the second main fuel supply pipe 91B is provided with a flow rate adjustment valve 94 that adjusts the flow rate of fuel.

[0095] The first main fuel supply passage 101 and the second main fuel supply passage 102 are constituted by annular passages formed between pipes arranged concentrically about a central axis O.

[0096] The first main fuel supply passage 101 is configured as an annular passage formed on the outer periphery of the torch part 10. Specifically, the first main fuel supply passage 101 is configured as an annular passage formed between the third torch part casing 60 and a piping 103. The piping 103 is disposed on the outer periphery of the third torch part casing 60. The first main fuel supply passage 101 communicates with the first main fuel supply pipe 91A.

[0097] The second main fuel supply passage 102 is configured as an annular passage formed on the outer periphery of the first main fuel supply passage 101. Specifically, the second main fuel supply passage 102 is configured as an annular passage formed between pipes 103 and 104. Pipe 104 is disposed on the outer periphery of pipe 103. The second main fuel supply passage 102 is in communication with the second main fuel supply pipe 91B.

[0098] The main oxidizer supply passage 110 supplies oxidizer to the main combustor liner 120. The main oxidizer supply passage 110 is configured as an annular passage formed on the outer periphery of the main fuel supply passage 100 in the axial direction.

[0099] 3, the main oxidant supply passage 110 includes a first main oxidant supply passage 111 and a second main oxidant supply passage 112. The main oxidant supply pipe 92 includes a first main oxidant supply pipe 92A that supplies oxidant to the first main oxidant supply passage 111, and a second main oxidant supply pipe 92B that supplies oxidant to the second main oxidant supply passage 112.

[0100] The first main oxidizer supply pipe 92A is provided with a flow rate adjustment valve 95 for adjusting the flow rate of the oxidizer, and the second main oxidizer supply pipe 92B is provided with a flow rate adjustment valve 96 for adjusting the flow rate of the oxidizer.

[0101] The first main oxidant supply passage 111 and the second main oxidant supply passage 112 are constituted by annular passages formed between pipes arranged concentrically about the central axis O.

[0102] The first main oxidizer supply passage 111 is configured as an annular passage formed on the outer periphery of the main fuel supply passage 100. Specifically, the first main oxidizer supply passage 111 is configured as an annular passage formed between pipe 104 and pipe 113. Pipe 113 is disposed on the outer periphery of pipe 104. The first main oxidizer supply passage 111 is in communication with the first main oxidizer supply pipe 92A.

[0103] The second main oxidant supply passage 112 is configured as an annular passage formed on the outer periphery of the first main oxidant supply passage 111. Specifically, the second main oxidant supply passage 112 is configured as an annular passage formed between pipes 113 and 114. Pipe 114 is disposed on the outer periphery of pipe 113. The second main oxidant supply passage 112 communicates with the second main oxidant supply pipe 92B.

[0104] Here, for example, swirlers 115 and 116 that make the oxidant flow a swirling flow are provided near the outlets of the first main oxidant supply passage 111 and the second main oxidant supply passage 112. For example, the swirling direction of the swirling flow formed by the swirler 115 is the same as the swirling direction of the swirling flow formed by the swirler 116.

[0105] By providing the swirlers 115 and 116, a recirculation region is formed by the swirling flow of the oxidizer in the combustion region inside the main combustor liner 120. This promotes mixing of the fuel and the oxidizer in the combustion region and forms a stable flame.

[0106] Although an example in which the main fuel supply passage 100 and the main oxidizer supply passage 110 each include a plurality of passages has been shown here, the present invention is not limited to this configuration. Only one main fuel supply passage 100 and one main oxidizer supply passage 110 may be provided.

[0107] Here, as in the above-mentioned torch fuel supply unit 25, the main fuel supply passage 100 uses, as a fuel, for example, a hydrocarbon such as methane or natural gas. Also, as a fuel, for example, a coal gasification gas fuel containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen, etc. can also be used. Furthermore, as a fuel, for example, hydrogen can also be used.

[0108] As in the torch oxidizer supply section 20 described above, the main oxidizer supply passage 110 is supplied with, as an oxidizer, for example, oxygen, a mixed gas of oxygen and carbon dioxide, a mixed gas of oxygen and water vapor, air, etc. For example, supercritical CO 2 When the gas turbine facility is equipped with the burner 1 , the oxidant pressurized to a critical pressure or higher is supplied to the main oxidant supply passage 110 .

[0109] The fuel supplied to the main fuel supply passage 100 may be the same as or different from the fuel supplied to the torch fuel supply unit 25. The oxidizer supplied to the main oxidizer supply passage 110 may be the same as or different from the oxidizer supplied to the torch oxidizer supply unit 20.

[0110] Next, the configuration of the control device 130 will be described.

[0111] FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a control device 130 that executes the method of operating the burner 1 according to the embodiment.

[0112] The control device 130 controls each flow rate regulating valve etc. to adjust the fuel flow rate, oxidant flow rate, cooling medium flow rate, cleaning medium flow rate etc. supplied to the burner 1. The control device 130 includes an input unit 140, a memory unit 150, a calculation unit 160 and an output unit 141.

[0113] The input unit 140 receives, for example, an ignition request signal or a load request signal from an input device, a detection signal from the flame detection unit 75, a timer signal from a timer device, and detection signals from various detection units.

[0114] The storage unit 150 is composed of a storage medium such as a read-only memory (ROM) or a random access memory (RAM). The storage unit 150 stores, for example, torch fuel / torch oxidizer data 151 indicating the relationship between each operation step (elapsed operation time) and the fuel flow rate and oxidizer flow rate supplied into the torch combustor liner 35, and main fuel / main oxidizer data 152 indicating the relationship between each operation step (elapsed operation time) and the fuel flow rate and oxidizer flow rate supplied into the main combustor liner 120.

[0115] The memory unit 150 also stores, for example, cooling medium / purifying medium data 153 indicating the relationship between each operation step (elapsed operation time) and the cooling medium flow rate supplied to the cooling medium passage 45 and the purifying medium flow rate supplied to the flame detection passage 80. The memory unit 150 also stores, for example, main flame ignition time data 154 relating to the time required for the combustion gas generated in the torch combustor liner 35 to ignite the mixture of fuel and oxidizer in the main combustor liner 120.

[0116] The above-mentioned data are set in consideration of the conditions such as pressure and temperature during each operation. In addition, the above-mentioned data also includes information such as the valve opening degree of the flow rate control valve corresponding to each flow rate.

[0117] The calculation unit 160 executes various calculation processes using, for example, an input signal from the input unit 140, and programs and data stored in the memory unit 150. The calculation unit 160 includes a torch fuel / torch oxidant supply determination unit 161, a main fuel / main oxidant supply determination unit 162, a cooling medium / purifying medium supply determination unit 163, an ignition determination unit 164, an elapsed time determination unit 165, and the like.

[0118] The elapsed time determination unit 165 determines the elapsed operation time from a timer signal from a timer device, etc. The elapsed operation time is, for example, the time that has elapsed since the ignition device 50 was activated.

[0119] The torch fuel / torch oxidizer supply determination unit 161 specifies the torch fuel flow rate and the torch oxidizer flow rate to be supplied into the torch combustor liner 35 based on the ignition request signal (ignition start signal), the determination result in the elapsed time determination unit 165, and the torch fuel / torch oxidizer data 151. In this way, the torch fuel / torch oxidizer supply determination unit 161 executes control for ignition in the torch unit 10.

[0120] The torch fuel / torch oxidizer supply determining unit 161 determines the flow rates of the torch fuel and the torch oxidizer to be supplied into the torch combustor liner 35 based on the determination result in the elapsed time determining unit 165 and the torch fuel / torch oxidizer data 151 .

[0121] Further, the torch fuel / torch oxidizer supply determination unit 161 specifies the torch fuel flow rate and the torch oxidizer flow rate to be supplied into the torch combustor liner 35 based on the determination result of the ignition determination unit 164, the determination result of the elapsed time determination unit 165, and the torch fuel / torch oxidizer data 151. For example, when the ignition determination unit 164 determines that the mixture of fuel and oxidizer has been ignited in the main combustor liner 120, the torch fuel / torch oxidizer supply determination unit 161 executes a process to stop the supply of the torch fuel and the torch oxidizer based on the determination result of the elapsed time determination unit 165 and the torch fuel / torch oxidizer data 151.

[0122] The main fuel / main oxidizer supply determination unit 162 determines the main fuel flow rate and main oxidizer flow rate to be supplied into the main combustor liner 120 based on the determination result in the ignition determination unit 164, the determination result in the elapsed time determination unit 165, and the main fuel / main oxidizer data 152.

[0123] The cooling medium / purifying medium supply determination unit 163 determines the cooling medium flow rate to be supplied to the cooling medium passage 45 and the purification medium flow rate to be supplied to the flame detection passage 80 based on the ignition request signal (ignition start signal), the determination result in the elapsed time determination unit 165, and the cooling medium / purifying medium data 153.

[0124] The ignition determination unit 164 determines whether or not a flame is formed in the torch combustor liner 35 based on a detection signal from the flame detection unit 75. In addition, the ignition determination unit 164 determines whether or not the time has passed for the combustion gas generated in the torch combustor liner 35 to ignite the mixture of fuel and oxidizer in the main combustor liner 120 based on the elapsed time determination unit 165 and the main flame ignition time data 154.

[0125] Here, the assumed ignition time T until the combustion gas generated in the torch combustor liner 35 ignites the mixture of fuel and oxidizer in the main combustor liner 120 is defined as follows. Estimated ignition time T = αL / U Equation (1)

[0126] As shown in Fig. 1, L is the length from the upstream end of the torch combustor liner 35 to the downstream end of the combustion gas pipe 40. U is the average flow velocity of the combustion gas flowing through the torch combustor liner 35 and the combustion gas pipe 40. α is a safety coefficient, which is set, for example, in the range of 1.2 to 1.5. By setting the safety coefficient in this range, the time during which the combustion gas generated in the torch combustor liner 35 can reliably reach the inside of the main combustor liner 120 can be set as the assumed ignition time T.

[0127] The expected ignition time T is Torch Combustor Liner 35 This is the time (L / U) taken for the combustion gas generated within the torch combustor liner 35 to reach the outlet of the combustion gas piping 40 (the outlet of the burner 1) multiplied by a safety factor α.

[0128] The output unit 141 outputs a control signal from the calculation unit 160 to, for example, the flow rate adjustment valves 22, 28, 48, 88, 93, 94, 95, 96, the ignition device 50, etc. The output unit 141 is connected to the flow rate adjustment valves 22, 28, 48, 88, 93, 94, 95, 96, the ignition device 50, etc. so as to be able to communicate with them.

[0129] Here, the processes executed by the control device 130 described above are realized by, for example, a computer device.

[0130] Next, the function of the burner 1 and the method of operating the burner 1 will be described.

[0131] Fig. 5 is a time chart for explaining the method of operating the burner 1 according to the embodiment. Fig. 6 is a flow chart for explaining the method of operating the burner 1 according to the embodiment.

[0132] The horizontal axis of Fig. 5 indicates time. Time t1 is the time when the ignition device 50 is activated. The vertical axis of Fig. 5 indicates each control item.

[0133] Here, a description will be given of the period from when the ignition device 50 is activated (time t1) to when the turbine load starts to increase (time t6).

[0134] As shown in FIG. 6, the torch fuel / torch oxidant supply determination unit 161 of the control device 130 determines whether or not an ignition start signal has been inputted at the input unit 140 (step S10).

[0135] When it is determined in step S10 that the ignition start signal has not been input (No in step S10), the torch fuel / torch oxidant supply determining unit 161 executes the process of step S10 again.

[0136] In the determination in step S10, when it is determined that the ignition start signal has been input (Yes in step S10), the torch fuel / torch oxidizer supply determination unit 161 executes control for ignition in the torch unit 10 (step S11).

[0137] Furthermore, when it is determined in step S10 that the ignition start signal has been input (Yes in step S10), the torch fuel / torch oxidant supply determining unit 161 outputs the information to the cooling medium / purifying medium supply determining unit 163.

[0138] Then, the cooling medium / purifying medium supply determining unit 163 executes control for supplying the cooling medium and the purifying medium (step S12).

[0139] The cooling / purifying medium supply determining unit 163 may determine whether or not an ignition start signal has been input in step S10, and execute the process of step S12 based on the determination.

[0140] The processes in steps S11 and S12 are executed at time t1 (when the ignition device 50 is in operation) and between time t1 and time t3 shown in FIG.

[0141] In step S 11 , the torch fuel / torch oxidant supply determination unit 161 outputs a signal for operating the ignition device 50 to the output unit 141 .

[0142] The output unit 141 outputs a signal from the torch fuel / torch oxidizer supply determination unit 161 to the ignition device 50. This causes the ignition device 50 to operate, as shown in Fig. 5, and irradiates the inside of the torch combustor liner 35 with laser light through the through hole 33, the laser transmitting member 51, and the through hole 37.

[0143] In step S11, the torch fuel / torch oxidizer supply determination unit 161 refers to the torch fuel / torch oxidizer data 151 to determine the fuel flow rate to be supplied to the torch fuel introduction passage 26 and the oxidizer flow rate to be supplied to the torch oxidizer supply passage 15. Then, the torch fuel / torch oxidizer supply determination unit 161 outputs a signal to the output unit 141 for controlling the flow rate adjustment valve 28 and the flow rate adjustment valve 22.

[0144] The output unit 141 outputs a signal from the torch fuel / torch oxidant supply determination unit 161 to the flow rate adjustment valve 28 and the flow rate adjustment valve 22. In this way, the opening degrees of the flow rate adjustment valve 28 and the flow rate adjustment valve 22 are adjusted.

[0145] Then, a predetermined flow rate of fuel is supplied to the outlet side (for example, into the swirler 16) of the torch oxidizer supply passage 15 via the torch fuel supply pipe 27 and the torch fuel introduction passage 26, and is supplied together with the oxidizer into the torch combustor liner 35. Also, a predetermined flow rate of oxidizer is supplied into the torch combustor liner 35 via the torch oxidizer supply pipe 21, the through hole 11a, and the torch oxidizer supply passage 15. As shown in Fig. 5, the fuel flow rate and the oxidizer flow rate are gradually increased to reach the specified flow rates at time t3.

[0146] In the process of increasing the fuel flow rate and the oxidizer flow rate, the mixture of fuel and oxidizer is ignited in the torch combustor liner 35 to form a torch flame, as shown in Fig. 5. Here, an example is shown in which a flame is formed before time t2 is reached. In the following, the flame formed in the torch combustor liner 35 is referred to as a torch flame.

[0147] Here, the flow rates of the fuel and oxidizer supplied into the torch combustor liner 35 are set so that the temperature of the combustion gas at the outlet of the combustion gas piping 40 is 800°C or higher. Therefore, the flow rates of the fuel and oxidizer supplied into the torch combustor liner 35 are set in consideration of the temperature and flow rate of the cooling medium flowing from the cooling medium passage 45 into the main combustor liner 120, the temperature and flow rate of the purification medium flowing from the flame detection passage 80 into the main combustor liner 120, the heat loss when flowing through the combustion gas piping 40, etc.

[0148] Here, the reason for setting the temperature of the combustion gas at the outlet of the combustion gas piping 40 to 800° C. or higher will be described.

[0149] This combustion gas is composed of combustion gas generated by the combustion of fuel and oxidizer in the torch combustor liner 35, a cooling medium flowing into the torch combustor liner 35 from the through hole 36, and a purification medium flowing into the torch combustor liner 35 from the flame detection passage 80.

[0150] The combustion gas at the outlet of the combustion gas pipe 40 serves as an ignition source that ignites the mixture of fuel and oxidizer in the main combustor liner 120. The higher the temperature of the combustion gas that functions as an ignition source, the more preferable it is. However, although the outer peripheral surface of the combustion gas pipe 40 is cooled by a cooling medium, the inner peripheral surface is exposed to high-temperature combustion gas. Therefore, taking into consideration the thermal stress and oxidation resistance of the combustion gas pipe 40, the upper limit of the combustion gas temperature is set to be equal to or lower than the heat resistance temperature of the material that constitutes the combustion gas pipe 40.

[0151] On the other hand, in order to allow the combustion gas to function as an ignition source, the lower limit of the combustion gas temperature is set to a temperature that can at least ignite the mixture in the main combustor liner 120. Therefore, taking into consideration the self-ignition temperature of a stoichiometric mixture of fuel supplied to the main fuel-main oxidizer supply unit 90, the temperature drop caused by dilution of the combustion gas by the cooling medium ejected from the cooling medium passage 45 into the main combustor liner 120, and the like, the lower limit of the combustion gas temperature is set to 800°C.

[0152] In other words, this lower limit value is the temperature at which the mixture in the main combustor liner 120 can be ignited even if the combustion gas ejected from the combustion gas piping 40 is diluted by the cooling medium ejected from the cooling medium passage 45 near the downstream side of the outlet of the burner 1.

[0153] In step S12, the cooling medium / purifying medium supply determination unit 163 refers to the cooling medium / purifying medium data 153 to identify the cooling medium flow rate to be supplied to the cooling medium passage 45 and the purification medium flow rate to be supplied to the flame detection passage 80. Then, the cooling medium / purifying medium supply determination unit 163 outputs a signal for controlling the flow rate adjustment valve 48 and the flow rate adjustment valve 88 to the output unit 141.

[0154] The output unit 141 outputs a signal from the cooling medium / purifying medium supply determination unit 163 to the flow rate adjustment valve 48 and the flow rate adjustment valve 88. In this way, the opening degrees of the flow rate adjustment valve 48 and the flow rate adjustment valve 88 are adjusted.

[0155] A predetermined flow rate of the cooling medium is supplied to the cooling medium passage 45 via the cooling medium supply pipe 47 and the cooling medium introduction passage 46. A predetermined flow rate of the purifying medium is supplied to the flame detection passage 80 via the purifying medium supply pipe 87 and the purifying medium introduction passage 86. As shown in Fig. 5, the cooling medium flow rate and the purifying medium flow rate are gradually increased to reach the specified flow rates at time t3.

[0156] As shown in FIG. 6, next, the ignition determination unit 164 determines whether or not a detection signal relating to flame detection has been input from the flame detection unit 75 (step S13).

[0157] When it is determined in step S13 that the detection signal has not been input (No in step S13), the ignition determination unit 164 executes the process of step S13 again.

[0158] In the determination of step S13, when it is determined that a detection signal has been input (Yes in step S13), the ignition determination unit 164 outputs the information thereof to the elapsed time determination unit 165.

[0159] Then, the elapsed time determination unit 165 determines whether or not the detection signal detected by the ignition determination unit 164 is input after the elapse of time t3 (step S14).

[0160] In the determination in step S14, when it is determined that the detection signal is input after the time t3 has elapsed (Yes in step S14), the elapsed time determination unit 165 stops the operation of the burner 1 as, for example, an abnormal operation.

[0161] If it is determined in step S14 that the detection signal was input before the time t3 has elapsed (No in step S14), the elapsed time determination unit 165 determines whether or not the time t3 has been reached based on the output signal from the timer (step S15).

[0162] In the determination in step S15, when it is determined that the time has not yet reached t3 (No in step S15), the elapsed time determination unit 165 executes the process of step S15 again.

[0163] If it is determined in step S15 that the time t3 has been reached (Yes in step S15), the elapsed time determination unit 165 outputs that information to the torch fuel / torch oxidant supply determination unit 161, the main fuel / main oxidant supply determination unit 162, and the cooling medium / purifying medium supply determination unit 163.

[0164] FIG. 5 shows an example in which a flame is detected by flame detection unit 75 at time t2.

[0165] The torch fuel / torch oxidizer supply determination unit 161 executes processing for stopping the ignition device 50 and processing for adjusting the flow rates of the torch fuel and torch oxidizer (steps S16 and S17).

[0166] The main fuel / main oxidizer supply determining unit 162 executes a process for supplying fuel and oxidizer (step S18).

[0167] The cooling medium / purifying medium supply determining unit 163 executes a process for adjusting the flow rates of the cooling medium and the purifying medium (step S19).

[0168] In step S 16 , the torch fuel / torch oxidant supply determination unit 161 outputs a signal to the output unit 141 to stop the ignition device 50 .

[0169] The output unit 141 outputs the signal from the torch fuel / torch oxidant supply determination unit 161 to the ignition device 50. This causes the ignition device 50 to stop as shown in FIG.

[0170] In step S17, the torch fuel / torch oxidizer supply determination unit 161 references the torch fuel / torch oxidizer data 151 and the main flame ignition time data 154, and outputs a signal for maintaining the flow rates of the fuel and oxidizer at the specified flow rates to the output unit 141. Note that information for setting the time t5 can be referenced in the main flame ignition time data 154.

[0171] The output unit 141 outputs a signal from the torch fuel / torch oxidizer supply determination unit 161 to the flow rate adjustment valve 28 and the flow rate adjustment valve 22. This adjusts the opening of the flow rate adjustment valve 28 and the flow rate adjustment valve 22. Then, as shown in Fig. 5, the flow rates of the fuel and the oxidizer are maintained at the specified flow rates.

[0172] In step S18, main fuel / main oxidizer supply determination unit 162 refers to main fuel / main oxidizer data 152 and main flame ignition time data 154 to identify the fuel flow rate to be supplied to main fuel supply pipe 91 (first main fuel supply pipe 91A and second main fuel supply pipe 91B) and the oxidizer flow rate to be supplied to main oxidizer supply pipe 92 (first main oxidizer supply pipe 92A and second main oxidizer supply pipe 92B). Then, main fuel / main oxidizer supply determination unit 162 outputs a signal for controlling flow rate adjustment valves 93, 94, 95, and 96 to output unit 141.

[0173] The output unit 141 outputs a signal from the main fuel / main oxidizer supply determining unit 162 to the flow rate adjustment valves 93, 94, 95, and 96. In this way, the opening degrees of the flow rate adjustment valves 93, 94, 95, and 96 are adjusted.

[0174] Then, a predetermined flow rate of fuel is supplied into the main combustor liner 120 via the first main fuel supply pipe 91A and the first main fuel supply passage 101. In addition, a predetermined flow rate of fuel is supplied into the main combustor liner 120 via the second main fuel supply pipe 91B and the second main fuel supply passage 102.

[0175] A predetermined flow rate of oxidizer is supplied into the main combustor liner 120 via the first main oxidizer supply pipe 92A and the first main oxidizer supply passage 111. Also, a predetermined flow rate of oxidizer is supplied into the main combustor liner 120 via the second main oxidizer supply pipe 92B and the second main oxidizer supply passage 112. Note that as the oxidizer passes through the swirlers 115 and 116, a swirling flow of the oxidizer is ejected into the main combustor liner 120.

[0176] As shown in FIG. 5, the fuel flow rate and oxidizer flow rate supplied from the main fuel / oxidizer supply 90 are gradually increased to reach the specified flow rates at time t5.

[0177] In the process of increasing the fuel flow rate and the oxidizer flow rate, the mixture of fuel and oxidizer is ignited in the main combustor liner 120 to form a flame, as shown in Fig. 5. Here, the mixture of fuel and oxidizer is ignited by the combustion gas generated in the torch combustor liner 35 and ejected from the combustion gas pipe 40 into the main combustor liner 120. As described above, the combustion gas with a temperature of 800°C or higher is ejected from the outlet of the combustion gas pipe 40 into the main combustor liner 120.

[0178] The combustion gas serving as the ignition source is ejected in the axial direction from the center of the burner 1. That is, at the outlet of the burner 1, fuel ejected from the main fuel supply passage 100 is present on the outer periphery of the combustion gas serving as the ignition source, and the oxidizer ejected from the main oxidizer supply passage 110 is present around the fuel.

[0179] In this way, the combustion gas ejected from the center of the burner 1 in the axial direction functions as an ignition source, and fuel and oxidizer are ejected from the periphery. fuel The mixture of the fuel and the oxidizer can be ignited reliably.

[0180] In addition, when the combustion gas serving as the ignition source is introduced from the upstream end of the burner 1, the area of ​​contact between the ignition source and the mixture of fuel and oxidizer in the main combustor liner 120 is larger than that when a laser beam is used as the ignition source. Therefore, the mixture of fuel and oxidizer can be reliably ignited.

[0181] Moreover, even if the ignition conditions are changed, the mixture of fuel and oxidizer can be reliably ignited by introducing the combustion gas, which is the ignition source, from the upstream end of the burner 1.

[0182] In this example, a flame is formed at time t4 before time t5 is reached. In the following, the flame formed in the main combustor liner 120 is referred to as a main flame.

[0183] In step S19, the cooling medium / purifying medium supply determining unit 163 refers to the cooling medium / purifying medium data 153 and outputs to the output unit 141 a signal for maintaining the flow rates of the cooling medium and the purifying medium at specified flow rates.

[0184] The output unit 141 outputs a signal from the cooling medium / purifying medium supply determination unit 163 to the flow rate adjustment valve 48 and the flow rate adjustment valve 88. This adjusts the opening of the flow rate adjustment valve 48 and the flow rate adjustment valve 88. Then, as shown in Fig. 5, the flow rates of the cooling medium and the purification medium are maintained at the specified flow rates.

[0185] Next, the elapsed time determination unit 165 determines whether or not the time t5 has been reached based on the output signal from the timer (step S20).

[0186] In the determination in step S20, when it is determined that the time t5 has not been reached (No in step S20), the elapsed time determination unit 165 executes the process of step S20 again.

[0187] In the judgment in step S20, when it is judged that the time has reached t5 (Yes in step S20), the elapsed time judgment unit 165 outputs the information thereof to the torch fuel / torch oxidizer supply judgment unit 161 and the main fuel / main oxidizer supply judgment unit 162.

[0188] Here, the time t5 is set as the time after the lapse of the above-mentioned assumed ignition time T from the time t3. Note that information regarding this time t5 is stored in the main flame ignition time data 154, for example.

[0189] At time t3, fuel and oxidizer are supplied at specified flow rates into the torch combustor liner 35. Then, from time t3 to time t5 after the expected ignition time T has elapsed, combustion gas is generated in the torch combustor liner 35 to make the temperature of the combustion gas at the outlet of the combustion gas piping 40 800°C or higher.

[0190] The combustion gas generated at time t3 is ejected from the combustion gas piping 40 into the main combustor liner 120 during the assumed ignition time T. That is, before the fuel and oxidizer supplied to the main combustor liner 120 reach a specified flow rate (before time t5 is reached), the combustion gas with a temperature of 800°C or higher, which serves as an ignition source, is ejected from the combustion gas piping 40 into the main combustor liner 120.

[0191] 5, a flame is formed in the main combustor liner 120 at time t4 before time t5 is reached. In other words, ignition is completed in the main combustor liner 120 by time t5, which is set in consideration of the assumed ignition time T.

[0192] Then, the torch fuel / torch oxidizing agent supply determination unit 161 executes processing to stop the supply of fuel to the torch fuel supply unit 25 and to stop the supply of oxidizing agent to the torch oxidizing agent supply unit 20 (step S21).

[0193] The main fuel / main oxidizer supply determining unit 162 executes a process for adjusting the flow rates of the fuel and the oxidizer (step S22).

[0194] In step S21, the torch fuel / torch oxidizer supply determination unit 161 refers to the torch fuel / torch oxidizer data 151 to identify information for stopping the supply of fuel to the torch fuel introduction passage 26 and the supply of oxidizer to the torch oxidizer supply passage 15. Then, the torch fuel / torch oxidizer supply determination unit 161 outputs a signal for controlling the flow rate adjustment valve 28 and the flow rate adjustment valve 22 to the output unit 141. That is, as shown in Fig. 5, the torch fuel / torch oxidizer supply determination unit 161 outputs a signal for stopping the supply of fuel and oxidizer to the torch combustor liner 35 at time t5.

[0195] The output unit 141 outputs a signal from the torch fuel / torch oxidant supply determination unit 161 to the flow rate adjustment valve 28 and the flow rate adjustment valve 22. This adjusts the opening of the flow rate adjustment valve 28 and the flow rate adjustment valve 22 to close.

[0196] Then, as shown in FIG. 5, the supply of fuel to the torch fuel introduction passage 26 and the supply of oxidizer to the torch oxidizer supply passage 15 are stopped.

[0197] Here, an example is shown in which the supply of fuel and oxidizing agent is stopped a predetermined time after time t5, but the control is not limited to this. The supply of fuel and oxidizing agent may be stopped at time t5.

[0198] In step S22, the main fuel / main oxidizer supply determining unit 162 refers to the main fuel / main oxidizer data 152 and outputs to the output unit 141 a signal for maintaining the flow rates of the fuel and oxidizer at specified flow rates.

[0199] The output unit 141 outputs a signal from the main fuel / main oxidizer supply determination unit 162 to the flow rate adjustment valves 93, 94, 95, and 96. This adjusts the opening of the flow rate adjustment valves 93, 94, 95, and 96. Then, as shown in Fig. 5, the flow rates of the fuel and oxidizer are maintained at the specified flow rates.

[0200] Next, the torch fuel / torch oxidizer supply determination unit 161 determines whether the supply of fuel and oxidizer has been stopped based on, for example, information relating to the valve opening degree of the flow control valve 28 and the flow control valve 22, and output signals from a flow meter (not shown) provided in the torch fuel supply pipe 27 and a flow meter (not shown) provided in the torch oxidizer supply pipe 21 (step S23).

[0201] In the determination in step S23, when it is determined that the supply of fuel and oxidizing agent has not been stopped (No in step S23), the torch fuel / torch oxidizing agent supply determining unit 161 executes the process of step S23 again.

[0202] In the determination in step S23, when it is determined that the supply of fuel and oxidizing agent has been stopped (Yes in step S23), the torch fuel / torch oxidizing agent supply determination unit 161 outputs the information thereof to the ignition determination unit 164.

[0203] The ignition determination unit 164 determines whether or not a detection signal relating to flame detection has been input from the flame detection unit 75 (step S24).

[0204] Here, since the torch flame is extinguished at the time of the judgment in step S24, the flame detected by the flame detection unit 75 is the main flame. Note that since the flame detection unit 75 continuously detects the torch flame or the main flame, the signal from the flame detection unit 75 becomes an On signal after time t2, as shown in FIG.

[0205] In the determination in step S24, when it is determined that the detection signal has not been input (No in step S24), the ignition determination unit 164 stops the operation of the burner 1 as, for example, an abnormal operation.

[0206] In the determination of step S24, when it is determined that a detection signal has been input (Yes in step S24), the ignition determination unit 164 outputs the information to the elapsed time determination unit 165.

[0207] The elapsed time determination unit 165 determines, based on the output signal from the timer, whether a predetermined time has elapsed since time t5 or since the supply of fuel to the torch fuel supply pipe 27 and the supply of oxidant to the torch oxidant supply pipe 21 were stopped (step S25).

[0208] Here, the predetermined time may be, for example, the time from when the main flame is formed until when the turbine load operation starts.

[0209] In the determination in step S25, when it is determined that the predetermined time has not elapsed (No in step S25), the elapsed time determination unit 165 executes the process of step S25 again.

[0210] In the determination in step S 25 , when it is determined that the predetermined time has elapsed (Yes in step S 25 ), the elapsed time determination unit 165 outputs the information to the main fuel / main oxidizer data 152 .

[0211] The main fuel and main oxidizer data 152 executes a process for adjusting the flow rates of the fuel and oxidizer (step S26).

[0212] In step S26, the main fuel / main oxidizer supply determination unit 162 determines, for example, the flow rates of fuel and oxidizer according to the turbine load by referring to the main fuel / main oxidizer data 152. Then, the main fuel / main oxidizer supply determination unit 162 outputs a signal for controlling the flow rate adjustment valves 93, 94, 95, and 96 to the output unit 141.

[0213] The output section 141 is a main fuel / main oxidizer Supply determination unit 162 The signals from the flow rate control valves 93, 94, 95, and 96 are output to the flow rate control valves 93, 94, 95, and 96. As a result, the opening degrees of the flow rate control valves 93, 94, 95, and 96 are adjusted.

[0214] As described above, the burner 1 of the embodiment can eject the combustion gas, which is an ignition source, from the center of the burner 1 in the axial direction into the main combustor liner 120, which is the main combustion chamber.

[0215] In addition, the burner 1 can inject fuel onto the outer periphery of the combustion gas that is the ignition source, and inject oxidizer around the fuel. This ensures that the mixture of fuel and oxidizer in the main combustor liner 120 can be ignited reliably, regardless of ignition conditions such as the injection pattern of the fuel and oxidizer into the main combustor liner 120 and the position where the optimal mixture of fuel and oxidizer for ignition is formed.

[0216] Furthermore, in the combustor equipped with the burner 1 of the embodiment, even if the ignition conditions are changed, the ignition is hardly affected by the change in the axial direction, compared to a conventional combustor equipped with an ignition device that irradiates laser light from a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the combustor liner. Therefore, the combustor equipped with the burner 1 of the embodiment can ensure reliable ignition even if the optimal ignition position is shifted in the axial direction due to a change in the ignition conditions.

[0217] Here, in a combustor of a conventional gas turbine, the flame detection unit is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the combustor liner, similar to an ignition device. The flame detection unit detects a flame from a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the combustor liner. Therefore, a flame detector that detects a flame from a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the combustor liner may not be able to detect a flame.

[0218] On the other hand, in the burner 1 of the embodiment, the combustion gas pipe 40, the torch combustor liner 35, the through-portion 14b, the through-hole 17a, and the flame detection portion 75 are coaxially connected with each other with the central axis O as the central axis. This allows the flame formed in the main combustor liner 120 to be detected from the upstream side in the axial direction. Therefore, in the burner 1 of the embodiment, for example, the flame can be accurately detected even when the flame fluctuates in the axial direction.

[0219] Also, for example, supercritical CO 2 Even in the case of a combustor with a thick wall, such as a combustor in a gas turbine facility, the burner 1 eliminates the need to provide an ignition device or a flame detector in the combustor casing. Therefore, a complex design for providing an ignition device or a flame detector in the combustor casing can be avoided.

[0220] Here, the burner 1 of the above-mentioned embodiment is, for example, a gas turbine combustor generally used for industrial or aviation purposes, a supercritical CO 2 The present invention can be applied to combustors in gas turbine facilities, such as gas turbine combustors that burn hydrogen with air or oxygen.

[0221] According to the embodiment described above, it is possible to reliably ignite the mixture of supplied fuel and oxidizer, regardless of the ignition conditions.

[0222] Although some embodiments of the present invention have been described, these embodiments are presented as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These novel embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, substitutions, and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. These embodiments and their modifications are included in the scope and spirit of the invention, and are included in the scope of the invention and its equivalents described in the claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0223] REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1... burner, 10... torch section, 10A... first torch component, 10B... second torch component, 10C... third torch component, 11... first torch section casing, 11a, 17a, 33, 36, 37... through hole, 12, 13, 14a, 31, 32, 35a, 61... flange section, 14... cylindrical body, 14b... through section, 15... torch oxidizer supply passage, 16, 115, 116... swirler, 17... sealing plate, 20... torch oxidizer supply section, 21... torch oxidizer supply pipe, 22, 28, 48, 88, 93, 94, 9 5, 96...flow rate control valve, 25...torch fuel supply section, 26...torch fuel introduction passage, 27...torch fuel supply pipe, 30...second torch section casing, 35...torch combustor liner, 40...combustion gas piping, 45...cooling medium passage, 46...cooling medium introduction passage, 47...cooling medium supply pipe, 50...ignition device, 51...laser transmitting member, 60...third torch section casing, 70...flame detection mechanism, 71...detection section casing, 72...light transmitting member, 75...flame detection section, 80...flame detection passage, 85...purifying medium supply section, 86 ...purifying medium introduction passage, 87...purifying medium supply pipe, 90...main fuel-main oxidizer supply section, 91...main fuel supply pipe, 91A...first main fuel supply pipe, 91B...second main fuel supply pipe, 92...main oxidizer supply pipe, 92A...first main oxidizer supply pipe, 92B...second main oxidizer supply pipe, 100...main fuel supply passage, 101...first main fuel supply passage, 102...second main fuel supply passage, 103, 104, 113, 114...piping, 110...main oxidizer supply passage, 111...first main oxidizer supply passage, 112...second main oxidizer supply passage path, 120...main combustor liner, 130...control device, 140...input section, 141...output section, 150...memory section, 151...torch fuel and torch oxidizer data, 152...main fuel and main oxidizer data, 153...cooling medium and purifying medium data, 154...main flame ignition time data, 160...calculation section, 161...torch fuel and torch oxidizer supply determination section, 162...main fuel and main oxidizer supply determination section, 163...cooling medium and purifying medium supply determination section, 164...ignition determination section, 165...elapsed time determination section, O...central axis, T...estimated ignition time.

Claims

1. A tubular torch portion extending in an axial direction; a main fuel-main oxidizer supply section provided on one end side of the torch section and formed in an annular shape around the outer periphery of the torch section; a flame detection mechanism provided on the other end of the torch; A burner with a torch ignition mechanism comprising: The torch portion includes: Torch casing and a torch combustor liner provided in the torch section casing for combusting fuel and oxidizer; a torch fuel supply unit that supplies fuel into the torch combustor liner; a torch oxidizer supply unit that supplies an oxidizer into the torch combustor liner; an ignition device for igniting a fuel and air mixture in the torch combustor liner; a combustion gas pipe extending from the torch combustor liner toward one end of the torch section and disposed at the center of the torch section, the combustion gas pipe directing the combustion gas generated in the torch combustor liner to the one end of the torch section; a cooling medium passage formed in an annular shape between the torch combustor liner and the combustion gas piping, and the torch portion casing, for guiding a cooling medium toward one end side of the torch portion; Equipped with The main fuel-main oxidizer supply unit includes: a main fuel supply passage formed in an annular shape on the outer periphery of the torch portion; a main oxidizer supply passage formed in an annular shape around the outer periphery of the main fuel supply passage; Equipped with The flame detection mechanism includes: a flame detection unit that is provided on the other end side of the torch unit relative to the torch combustor liner, and detects a flame in the torch combustor liner when a flame is formed in the torch combustor liner, and detects a flame formed by combustion of the fuel and oxidizer supplied from the main fuel-main oxidizer supply unit when a flame is not formed in the torch combustor liner; a flame detection passage that communicates the flame detection unit with the inside of the torch combustor liner; Equipped with A burner with a torch ignition mechanism, characterized in that the combustion gas piping, the torch combustor liner, the flame detection passage and the flame detection unit are arranged coaxially with the central axis of the burner with a torch ignition mechanism.

2. The flame detection mechanism comprises: a light transmitting member provided between the flame detection unit and the flame detection passage, which transmits light from the flame to the flame detection unit; a cleaning medium supply unit that supplies a cleaning medium for cleaning the light transmitting member to the flame detection passage; 2. The burner with torch ignition mechanism according to claim 1, further comprising:

3. The main fuel supply passage is a first main fuel supply passage formed in an annular shape on an outer periphery of the torch portion; a second main fuel supply passage formed annularly around the outer periphery of the first main fuel supply passage; 3. The burner with a torch ignition mechanism according to claim 1, further comprising:

4. The main oxidant supply passage is a first main oxidizer supply passage formed in an annular shape around the outer periphery of the main fuel supply passage; a second main oxidizer supply passage formed in an annular shape around the outer periphery of the first main oxidizer supply passage; 4. The burner with a torch ignition mechanism according to claim 1, further comprising:

5. A torch section comprising a torch combustor liner for burning fuel and oxidizer, a torch fuel supply section for supplying fuel into said torch combustor liner, a torch oxidizer supply section for supplying oxidizer into said torch combustor liner, an ignition device for igniting a mixture of fuel and air in said torch combustor liner, and a combustion gas pipe for directing combustion gas generated in said torch combustor liner to one end thereof; a main fuel-main oxidizer supply section including a main fuel supply passage formed in an annular shape on an outer periphery of one end side of the torch section and a main oxidizer supply passage formed in an annular shape on an outer periphery of the main fuel supply passage; a flame detection mechanism provided on the other end side of the torch portion relative to the torch combustor liner and configured to detect a flame in the torch combustor liner or a flame formed by the fuel and the oxidizer supplied from the main fuel-main oxidizer supply passage; a control device for controlling the fuel flow rate and the oxidizer flow rate supplied to the torch fuel supply unit, the torch oxidizer supply unit, and the main fuel-main oxidizer supply unit, and for controlling the ignition device; A method for operating a burner with a torch ignition mechanism comprising: The control device includes: Based on a signal related to the start of ignition, the ignition device is driven, and fuel and oxidizer are supplied from the torch fuel supply unit and the torch oxidizer supply unit into the torch combustor liner; When a predetermined time has elapsed since the operation time when the flame detection mechanism detected a flame in the torch combustor liner, the ignition device is stopped and fuel and oxidizer are supplied from the main fuel-main oxidizer supply unit; stopping the supply of fuel and oxidizer into the torch combustor liner at a predetermined operating time that is set based on an assumed ignition time required for the combustion gas generated in the torch combustor liner to ignite the mixture of fuel and oxidizer supplied from the main fuel-main oxidizer supply unit; A method for operating a burner with a torch ignition mechanism, characterized in that after the supply of fuel and oxidizer into the torch combustor liner is stopped, the presence or absence of a flame caused by the fuel and oxidizer supplied from the main fuel-main oxidizer supply section is determined based on a detection signal from the flame detection mechanism.

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