The application discloses a
snail-shaped element
combustor ignition and stable
combustion device and method, which comprises an inlet structure, a
combustor shell, a wall surface
necking concentration weir, an arc-shaped expansion channel, an outlet structure and an ignition device; the inlet structure is connected to one side of the bottom of the
combustor shell, and the outlet structure is connected to the other side of the bottom of the combustor shell; the arc-shaped expansion channel and the wall surface
necking concentration weir are arranged on the inner wall of the combustor shell, the arc-shaped expansion channel is located on the side where the outlet structure is arranged, and the arc-shaped expansion channel is a cold pulverized
coal gas flow outlet channel, receives a high-speed primary air flow and mixed high-temperature
flue gas flow, gradually expands along the circular shell, continuously receives
radiation and mixed heating of a
flame center in the expansion flow process, and is ignited stably; the wall surface
necking concentration weir is located on the side where the inlet structure is arranged, the wall surface necking concentration weir concentrates un-gasified hot
coke powder in high-temperature gas, and sends the un-gasified hot
coke powder to a primary air
nozzle outlet, so that the concentration and heat of the
coal coke powder at an ignition position are increased; and the ignition device is arranged at the outlet of a primary air flow deformation channel or the primary air
nozzle outlet.