Information processing device, water resources management method, information processing method, and program

Abstract

To solve the problem of a conventional information processing apparatus that cannot easily identify a spot which is important for conservation activities of water resources in each of target areas.SOLUTION: An information processing apparatus 1 includes: a calculation unit 151 which acquires water balance calculation values on water balances of water resources corresponding to each of meshes using a distributed water circulation model formed by modeling a circulation state of a water resource in a predetermined area; a configuration unit 255 which configures information on circulation state of water resources of each of spots in the predetermined area, on the basis of the water valance calculation values corresponding to the meshes acquired by the calculation unit 151 and position information corresponding to the meshes; and an output unit 160 which outputs the information on the circulation state of the water resources of each of the spots in the predetermined area configured by the configuration unit 255. The information processing apparatus can easily identify a spot which is important for conservation activities of water resources in a target area.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 7

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an information processing device, a water resources management method, an information processing method, and a program for identifying important points for managing water resources in a space having a certain spatial extent. [Background technology]

[0002] In recent years, when operating facilities such as factories, it is necessary to be aware of the amount of water resources in spatial units of a certain area, such as each facility or a river basin that includes the facility. For example, the amount of water resources in a target area is monitored, the monitoring results are analyzed, and the analysis results are used in production activities, water resource operation and management, water resource conservation activities, etc. For such activities, it is desirable to make future predictions that take into account the time scale so that effective future plans can be formulated and appropriate operation and management can be carried out.

[0003] That is, conventionally, when production activities are carried out in a factory or the like, regardless of the type of product being produced, large amounts of water resources are used for purposes such as boilers, raw materials, product processing, equipment cleaning, equipment cooling, temperature control equipment cleaning water, etc. Facilities that use water resources include facilities that own wells and draw water from them, and facilities that use tap water or industrial water purchased from the national or local government. In any water intake method, water resources in the river basin surrounding the facility or water resources in the vicinity are used.

[0004] Whether a facility can continue to operate depends on the sustainability of water resources in the basin around the facility. In order to increase the sustainability of water resources, it is important not only to improve the efficiency of water resource use at the facility, but also to develop an operation plan for the facility that minimizes the impact on water resources in the basin around the facility. Specifically, for example, when formulating an operation plan for a facility, it is necessary to pay close attention to various water-related indicators such as river water levels, groundwater levels, and spring water volume. In addition, if the sustainability of water resources in the basin around the facility is estimated to be low, it is necessary to develop an implementation plan for activities such as rice paddy cultivation and forest conservation activities to protect water resources.

[0005] However, it is not easy to accurately grasp the behavior of water in a certain geosphere environment with a certain extent. Water repeats various behaviors such as evaporation, transpiration, rainfall, snowfall, river flow, infiltration, groundwater flow, and springs between various systems such as the atmosphere, the earth's surface, and even underground, and is recharged and stored as groundwater or flows out from the area.

[0006] Therefore, in order to confirm the sustainability of water resource security at the facility level and at the basin level including the facility, it is necessary to monitor the water resource balance within the basin. It is also necessary to properly manage the flow, storage, and fluctuation of water resources at the facility level and at the basin level including the facility (hereinafter referred to as the water balance of the target area).

[0007] However, it is not realistic to grasp all the parameters related to the water balance of the target area at all points in the basin. In particular, when managing quantities that are difficult to directly observe, such as recharge quantities at points that are difficult to access, such as mountainous regions, or groundwater flow, it is difficult to manage them appropriately because it is not possible to obtain observed values ​​for these quantities.

[0008] In light of these problems, water cycle models have been used to manage water resources. These water cycle models are classified into centralized models and distributed models (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1).

[0009] Lumped-scale models have the advantage that they require a small amount of data for calculation, are relatively easy to calculate, and are easy to systematize. However, it can be relatively difficult to reproduce or predict the water cycle with high accuracy using a lumped-scale model.

[0010] On the other hand, in a distributed model, the target space is divided into fine meshes, and the water circulation can be reproduced according to the physical laws of water circulation in each mesh. Therefore, it is possible to reproduce phenomena close to the real water circulation with a relatively high degree of accuracy. In other words, a distributed model is suitable for the purpose of managing the production capacity of a facility (see Non-Patent Documents 2 and 3). Examples of such distributed water circulation models include those described in Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 4. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0011] [Patent Document 1] JP 2011-13753 A [Non-patent literature]

[0012] [Non-Patent Document 1] Nissui Consulting Co., Ltd., "Distributed Flood Forecasting Model | Nissui Consulting Co., Ltd. - Towards a Prosperous Future," [online], [Retrieved June 12, 2020], Internet<URL:http: / / www.nissuicon.co.jp / jigyou / kasen / kouzui-yosoku / > [Non-Patent Document 2] Hiroyuki Tosaka, Keiji Kojima, Akio Miki, Takeshi Chino, Development of a 3D Land-Water Simulation Method Coupling Surface and Groundwater Flows, Journal of the Japanese Society of Groundwater Hydrology, 1996, Vol. 38, No. 4, pp. 253-267 [Non-Patent Document 3] Koji Mori, Kazuhiro Tada, Takeshi Sato, Nobuko Kakizawa, Yoshimi Uchiyama, Naohide Yokoyama, Masanobu Yamane, Three-dimensional water circulation model of the Kanagawa Prefecture water source area, Kanagawa Prefectural Environmental Protection Society Report 10 (2013) 215-223. [Non-Patent Document 4] McDonald, Michael G. and Arlen W. Harbaugh. “A modular three-dimensional finite-difference ground-water flow model.” Techniques of water-resources investigations(1984) Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0013] As mentioned above, in order to carry out production activities using water resources in a sustainable manner at each facility and at each watershed including the facility, it is necessary to properly manage the flow, storage, and fluctuation of water resources (hereinafter referred to as the water balance of the target area). In order to properly manage the water balance of the target area, it may be necessary to carry out water resource conservation activities in the target area as necessary.

[0014] Water resource conservation activities can be carried out at each point within a target area for each of the controlling factors that affect the water balance (e.g. understory vegetation, soil, riverbed, trees, surface geology, and deep geology). However, resources such as labor and costs for conservation activities are limited, making it difficult to carry out conservation activities at all points. For this reason, it is necessary to carry out effective conservation activities, such as prioritizing conservation activities at important points for the water resources to be managed, in order to efficiently manage water resources.

[0015] Conventionally, it has been difficult to easily identify important points in carrying out water resource conservation activities in each target area. For example, it is possible to understand where the important points are by conducting a field survey of the target area, but this requires a lot of man-hours and takes a long time.

[0016] The present invention aims to provide an information processing device, a water resources management method, an information processing method, and a program that can easily identify important locations for carrying out water resource conservation activities in a target area. [Means for solving the problem]

[0017] The information processing device of the first invention is an information processing device that includes: a calculation unit that acquires a water balance calculation value regarding the balance of water resources corresponding to each mesh using a distributed water circulation model that models the circulation state of water resources in a specified region, the meshes being formed by dividing a specified region into a grid shape, each mesh corresponding to location information that identifies a location, and a parameter group including two or more parameters to be applied to each mesh; a component unit that configures information regarding the circulation state of water resources at each point in the specified region based on the water balance calculation value corresponding to each mesh acquired by the calculation unit and the location information corresponding to each mesh; and an output unit that outputs the information regarding the circulation state of water resources at each point in the specified region configured by the component unit.

[0018] With this configuration, it is possible to easily identify important locations for carrying out water resource conservation activities in a target area.

[0019] In addition, the information processing device of the second invention is an information processing device in which, compared to the first invention, the information regarding the circulation state of water resources at each point within a specified area includes information regarding the comparison result between the value of a specified parameter representing the circulation state of water resources at each point and a specified threshold value.

[0020] With this configuration, important points can be more easily identified.

[0021] Further, an information processing device of a third invention is an information processing device according to the second invention, wherein the predetermined threshold corresponds to an average value of the value of a predetermined parameter at each point within a predetermined region.

[0022] With this configuration, important points can be identified reliably.

[0023] In addition, the information processing device of the fourth invention is an information processing device in which, with respect to any of the first to third inventions, the information relating to the circulation state of water resources at each point within a specified region includes information relating to the comparison result between the effective precipitation value at each point and the effective precipitation per unit area of ​​the specified region.

[0024] With this configuration, it is easier to identify important points regarding recharge in a given area.

[0025] In addition, the information processing device of the fifth invention is an information processing device in which, with respect to any of the first to fourth inventions, the information relating to the circulation state of water resources at each point within a specified area includes information on the comparison result between the river flow rate value at each point and the river flow rate per unit drainage basin area of ​​the specified area.

[0026] With this configuration, it is possible to more easily identify important points regarding river flow in a given area.

[0027] In addition, the information processing device of the sixth invention is an information processing device that, compared to the first invention, further includes a geographic information acquisition unit that acquires geographic information for visually displaying the shape of a specified area, and the output unit visually outputs information regarding the circulation state of water resources at each point within the specified area together with the shape of the specified area based on the geographic information.

[0028] With this configuration, points of interest can be easily identified using the visually displayed information.

[0029] In addition, the information processing device of the seventh invention is an information processing device in which, with respect to any of the first to sixth inventions, a component unit acquires observation data regarding the balance of water resources corresponding to one or more meshes, and constructs information regarding the circulation state of water resources at each point within a specified area based on the water balance calculation value acquired by the calculation unit, location information, and the observation data.

[0030] With this configuration, important points can be identified with high accuracy based on the observation data.

[0031] In addition, the information processing device of the eighth invention is an information processing device in which, compared to the seventh invention, the information regarding the circulation state of water resources at each point within a specified area includes values ​​of specified parameters calculated by a component unit based on a water balance estimate and values ​​of specified parameters based on observation data.

[0032] With this configuration, important points can be identified with higher accuracy based on the observation data.

[0033] In addition, the water resources management method of the ninth invention is a water resources management method for managing water resources in a specified area, with respect to any of the second to fifth inventions, and includes the steps of acquiring information regarding the comparison results output by an output unit of an information processing device using a distributed water circulation model in which the circulation state of water resources in the specified area is modeled, and changing the state of the dominant elements of a part of the specified area corresponding to a point where the information regarding the comparison results at that point satisfies a specified condition.

[0034] With this configuration, effective conservation activities can be carried out in each target area, and water resources can be managed efficiently. Effect of the Invention

[0035] According to the information processing device of the present invention, it is possible to easily identify important locations for carrying out conservation activities for water resources in a target area. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0036] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining an example of a distributed water circulation model according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2] Flowchart explaining the use of the distributed water cycle model [Diagram 3] Block diagram of the information processing device [Figure 4] A flowchart showing an operation of the information processing device for extracting high-influence parameters. [Diagram 5] A flowchart showing an example of an extraction process performed by the information processing apparatus. [Figure 6] A flowchart showing a water resource management method using the information processing device. [Figure 7] 1 is a block diagram of an information processing device according to a second embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 8] A flowchart showing the configuration and output of location information of the information processing device. [Figure 9] A flowchart showing a water resource management method using the information processing device. [Figure 10] Overview of the computer system according to the above embodiment. [Figure 11] Block diagram of the computer system [Figure 12] FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining vegetation distribution in Example 1. [Figure 13] FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining geological divisions in this embodiment. [Figure 14] A comparison of the specific flow rate and effective precipitation estimated from mesh normal values ​​in this example. [Figure 15] FIG. 1 shows an image of the hydraulic conductivity setting in this embodiment. [Figure 16] FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the results of sensitivity analysis in this embodiment. [Figure 17] FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the effects of management measures in this embodiment. [Figure 18] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of display of point information in the embodiment. [Figure 19]FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a predetermined region to be targeted in the second embodiment. [Figure 20] A diagram showing the main steps of the present embodiment [Figure 21] Table showing meteorological, topographical, vegetational, land use, and geological data used in the modeling and calculations of this example. [Figure 22] Bird's-eye view of the constructed 3D numerical model [Diagram 23] FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the location of spring water in this embodiment. [Figure 24] A diagram showing the spatial distribution of recharge in this embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0037] Hereinafter, an embodiment of an information processing device and the like will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that, in the embodiments, components with the same reference numerals perform similar operations, and therefore repeated description may be omitted.

[0038] The terms used below are generally defined as follows. The meanings of these terms should not always be interpreted as shown here, but rather, when they are explained individually below, they should be interpreted in light of that explanation.

[0039] Water resources include, for example, groundwater, river water, stored water such as lake water, spring water, etc., but are not limited to these.

[0040] An identifier for an item is a character or code that uniquely identifies the item. Codes are, for example, alphanumeric characters or other symbols, but are not limited to these. An identifier is, for example, a code string that does not indicate a specific meaning in itself, but any type of information is acceptable as long as it can identify the corresponding item. In other words, an identifier may be the name of the thing it indicates, or a combination of codes that uniquely correspond to the thing. A combination of two or more pieces of information (for example, attribute values ​​of records recorded in a database) may be used as an identifier.

[0041] The term "acquisition" may include acquiring items input by a user or the like, or may include acquiring information stored in one's own device or another device (which may be information stored in advance or information generated by information processing performed in the device). Acquiring information stored in another device may include acquiring information stored in the other device via an API or the like, or may include acquiring the contents of a document file provided by another device (including the contents of a web page, etc.).

[0042] Also, a so-called machine learning technique may be used to acquire information. The machine learning technique can be used, for example, as follows. That is, a classifier that receives a specific type of input information as an input and outputs a type of output information to be acquired is configured using the machine learning technique. For example, two or more sets of input information and output information are prepared in advance, and the two or more sets of information are provided to a module for configuring a machine learning classifier to configure the classifier, and the configured classifier is stored in a storage unit. The classifier can also be called a learning device. Note that the machine learning technique may be, for example, deep learning, random forest, SVR, or the like. For machine learning, functions in various machine learning frameworks such as fastText, tinySVM, random forest, and TensorFlow, and various existing libraries can be used.

[0043] The classifier is not limited to one obtained by machine learning. The classifier may be, for example, a table showing the correspondence between an input vector based on input information and output information. In this case, output information corresponding to a feature vector based on input information may be obtained from the table, or a vector approximating a feature vector based on input information may be generated using two or more input vectors in the table and parameters for weighting each input vector, and final output information may be obtained using output information and parameters corresponding to each input vector used in the generation. The classifier may also be, for example, a function expressing the relationship between an input vector based on input information and information for generating output information. In this case, for example, information corresponding to a feature vector based on input information may be obtained by a function, and output information may be obtained using the obtained information.

[0044] Outputting information is a concept that includes displaying on a display, projecting using a projector, printing on a printer, outputting sound, transmitting to an external device, storing on a recording medium, passing the processing results to another processing device or another program, etc. Specifically, it includes, for example, enabling information to be displayed on a web page, transmitting as e-mail, etc., and outputting information to be printed.

[0045] The concept of accepting information includes the acceptance of information input from input devices such as a keyboard, mouse, or touch panel, the reception of information transmitted from other devices via wired or wireless communication lines, and the acceptance of information read from recording media such as optical disks, magnetic disks, and semiconductor memories.

[0046] (Embodiment 1)

[0047] In this embodiment, the information processing device has a function of calculating the flow rate and storage volume fluctuation of water resources using a distributed water circulation model that reproduces the circulation state of water resources in a spatial unit having a certain spatial extent. The information processing device extracts high-influence parameters that have a high influence on the flow rate and storage volume fluctuation of water resources from among the parameters that constitute the distributed water circulation model, and outputs an identifier that identifies the high-influence parameters. In this embodiment, the information processing device preferably outputs the high-influence parameters after ranking the flow rate and storage volume fluctuation of water resources in order of the greatest influence on the water balance.

[0048] In this embodiment, it is preferable to vary each parameter centering on the set value of the input parameter of the distributed water circulation model whose reproducibility has been confirmed by comparing the observation data of the water circulation elements with the calculated values ​​of the distributed water circulation model corresponding to the observation data, and extract the parameters in order of the rate at which the element related to the water resource of the target area changes due to the change of the parameter. In this case, for example, it is possible to vary the value of each parameter by a predetermined rate and extract the parameters that change by a certain rate or more, or to vary the value of each parameter within the possible range and extract the parameters that change by a certain rate or more. It is preferable that the extracted high influence parameters are limited to those corresponding to elements that can be influenced by human activities. It is also preferable that the extracted high influence parameters correspond to elements that are actually influenced by human activities in the target area.

[0049] The information processing device 1 configured in this manner will be described below.

[0050] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a distributed water circulation model in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] As shown in FIG. 1, in this embodiment, the distributed water circulation model is a model of the circulation state of water resources in a predetermined area including forests, rivers, and other types of land. The predetermined area can be set, for example, in units of factories or in units of river basins including factories. In other words, the predetermined area can be set in spatial units having a certain spatial extent. In this embodiment, the distributed water circulation model can be, for example, a known model such as "GETFLOWS (registered trademark)" or "MODFLOW", and in the present invention, "GETFLOWS (registered trademark)" is more preferable.

[0052] The distributed water circulation model is configured using a large number of meshes obtained by dividing a given area into a grid, each mesh being associated with location information that specifies the location, and a parameter group including two or more parameters that are applied to each mesh. Parameter values ​​are set for each mesh of the distributed water circulation model, making it possible to simulate the circulation state of water resources in the model. The parameters may be set, for example, parameters related to elements such as weather, the ground surface, shallow layers, and deep layers (e.g., precipitation, temperature, topsoil, sediments, permeable layers, etc.), or parameters related to properties specific to the location. In other words, the parameters can be said to be related to governing elements that affect the circulation state of water resources. In this embodiment, the parameter group constituting the distributed water circulation model includes parameters such as precipitation, evapotranspiration, air temperature, wind speed, sunshine duration, relative humidity, canopy coverage, canopy storage, litter coverage, litter storage, snow accumulation-snow melt temperature, albedo, bulk transport coefficient, soil evaporation efficiency, groundwater flow, equivalent roughness coefficient, groundwater flow, hydraulic conductivity, effective porosity, solid phase compressibility, relative permeability, capillary pressure, fluid properties, fluid density, air density, fluid viscosity coefficient, and air viscosity coefficient. Note that the parameters are not limited to these, and various parameters may be set. Note that the position information of each mesh may be information indicating a relative positional relationship with adjacent meshes, or may be information indicating an absolute position, such as information indicating a position in a predetermined coordinate system. The information related to each mesh may be configured by associating position information and values ​​of each parameter with a mesh identifier that identifies the mesh, but is not limited to this.

[0053] FIG. 2 is a flowchart explaining the use of the distributed water cycle model.

[0054] Using the distributed water cycle model described above, users such as businesses can grasp information on the water balance for a target area. The distributed water cycle model can be used, for example, in the following way.

[0055] (Step S1) That is, first, a target area for which information on water balance should be grasped is determined. Specifically, for example, when grasping the water balance around a factory that uses water resources, a recharge area such as a forest upstream of the factory, an area downstream from which the factory takes in groundwater or river water, and an area further downstream thereof can be selected as the target area.

[0056] (Step S2) Collect information on the topography, geology, vegetation, etc. of the target area. Various methods can be used to collect information, such as conducting a reconnaissance survey or investigating documents or databases in which information is recorded.

[0057] (Step S3) Using the collected information, the target area is modeled as a distributed water cycle model.

[0058] (Step S4) For the created distributed water circulation model, meteorological external force data is input and the water balance is calculated.

[0059] (Step S5) Using the observation data, the reproducibility of the model is confirmed. Also, the information collection and the adjustment of the model are repeated to improve the reproducibility. Note that such operations may be performed as necessary.

[0060] (Step S6) Once the distributed water cycle model that can be used is completed, the water balance of the target area is calculated. The calculation can be performed using a computer by a known method depending on the configuration of the distributed water cycle model to be adopted.

[0061] (Step S7) Each parameter value for a predetermined period is input into the distributed water circulation model, and the water balance for that period is calculated.

[0062] (Step S8) This allows production activities and the like for a predetermined period in the target area to be planned using information on the calculated water balance (calculated water balance value).

[0063] In the present embodiment, the water balance calculation value can be calculated by the calculation unit 151 of the processing unit 140 of the information processing device 1, as described later, but is not limited to this.

[0064] Note that the method of using the distributed water circulation model shown in FIG. 2 is just one example, and various modifications are possible depending on the configuration and use of the distributed water circulation model.

[0065] As described below, in this embodiment, it is possible to identify the controlling factors that have a large influence on the calculated water balance value of the water resources in a specified area by using the information processing device 1. That is, by using the information processing device 1 to obtain identifiers of high-influence parameters output from the information processing device 1 as follows, and by performing an activity to change the state of the controlling factor corresponding to the obtained identifier in the specified area, it is possible to effectively manage the water resources in the specified area.

[0066] In this embodiment, the water balance calculated value relates to the flow rate, storage volume, or fluctuations of water resources in a specified region. More specifically, the water balance calculated value can relate to the flow rate, storage volume, or fluctuations of groundwater in a specified region. In other words, the water balance is a concept that refers to, for example, the flow rate, storage volume, and fluctuations of water resources in a target region. The water balance calculated value can be calculated, for example, for each mesh, but may also be calculated for each specific point or for each partial region based on the calculation results for each mesh.

[0067] For example, for the purpose of managing groundwater resources, there are cases where the amount of recharge, which is a parameter for water source conservation, is focused on as the flow rate of water resources. Here, recharge mainly refers to the supply of water from the ground surface to the groundwater table, and the amount of recharge refers to the amount of water supplied. When focusing on the amount of groundwater recharge in a specific area, the amount of water recharged as groundwater, the amount of water flowing into a specific area as groundwater, the groundwater level, etc. can be calculated and understood as water balance calculation values.

[0068] Note that the calculated water balance value is not limited to this, and the amount of water resources can be defined as appropriate depending on the purpose of understanding the water balance, etc.

[0069] For example, in order to manage surface water resources such as river water, attention may be paid to the flow rate during droughts. In such cases, the amount of water that flows out to the surface as spring water, the amount of water that flows out to the river as river water, the amount of through-forest rain compared to outside-forest rain, the outflow rate of water compared to outside-forest rain, and the outflow rate of water compared to through-forest rain may be calculated and understood as water balance calculation values.

[0070] In addition, for example, there are cases where attention is paid to the amount of soil moisture for agriculture in order to manage soil water resources. In such cases, the amount of water that infiltrates as soil water can be calculated and understood as a water balance calculation value.

[0071] First, the configuration of the information processing device 1 will be described.

[0072] FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the information processing device 1. As shown in FIG.

[0073] 3, the information processing device 1 includes a storage unit 110, a reception unit 130, a processing unit 140, and an output unit 160. The information processing device 1 is, for example, a personal computer, but is not limited thereto, and may be a server device, a mobile information terminal, or the like. The information processing device 1 may be configured by one server, may be configured by multiple servers operating in cooperation with each other, or may be a computer or the like built into other equipment. The server may be a so-called cloud server, an ASP server, or the like, and the type is not important.

[0074] The storage unit 110 includes a model information storage unit 111, an observation data storage unit 113, and a property information storage unit 117. The storage unit 110 is preferably a non-volatile recording medium, but may also be a volatile recording medium. Each unit of the storage unit 110 stores, for example, information received by the reception unit 130 and information acquired by the processing unit 140, but the information stored in each unit of the storage unit 110 and the process by which the information is stored are not limited to this. For example, information may be stored in the storage unit 110 via a recording medium, information transmitted via a communication line or the like may be stored in the storage unit 110, or information inputted via an input device may be stored in the storage unit 110.

[0075] The model information storage unit 111 stores information about the distributed water circulation model. The information about the distributed water circulation model includes, for example, information about each mesh that constitutes the model. The values ​​of each parameter applied to each mesh are stored in the model information storage unit 111. In addition, the model information storage unit 111 stores information that can identify the position of each mesh.

[0076] The observation data storage unit 113 stores observation data on various parameters of the target area. The observation data is, for example, data obtained by reconnaissance, data obtained from an observation organization, etc., but is not limited to these. Each observation data is stored, for example, in association with an identifier that identifies the corresponding parameter. For example, observation data on precipitation is stored in association with an identifier of a parameter indicating precipitation. Note that observation data on the balance of water resources may be stored in association with an identifier that identifies that it is about the balance of water resources. The observation data is, for example, associated with location information corresponding to an observation point, but is not limited to this. The location information may be information indicating a position, or may be information that can identify a corresponding mesh. In addition, the observation data is, for example, associated with time information indicating the timing of observation, but is not limited to this. The observation data is, for example, not limited to each parameter, such as groundwater level and river flow rate. For example, geospatial information, such as the spatial distribution of spring points, may also be included.

[0077] The property information storage unit 117 stores information for identifying parameters that have a property that can change depending on the activity of the worker among the parameter group that configures the distributed water circulation model. For example, the amount of precipitation is not affected by the activity of the worker. On the other hand, the effective precipitation can change depending on the governing factors such as the amount of trees and vegetation at the point, so it can be said that it is a parameter that has a property that can change depending on the activity of the worker, such as thinning. In this manner, the property information storage unit 117 stores, for each parameter, a flag or the like indicating whether or not the parameter has a property that can change depending on the activity of the worker in association with an identifier that identifies the parameter. Note that the information stored in the property information storage unit 117 is stored depending on the setting operation of the user or the like received by the receiving unit 130 as described later, but is not limited to this. For example, it may be predetermined and stored.

[0078] The reception unit 130 receives, for example, information input using an input means connected to the information processing device 1, or information input by an input operation (including, for example, information read by a device) performed using a reading device (for example, a code reader, etc.) connected to the information processing device 1. The received information is stored, for example, in the storage unit 110. The input means that can be used to input information that can be received by the reception unit 130 may be any of a numeric keypad, keyboard, mouse, and menu screen. The reception unit 130 may be realized by a device driver for an input means such as a numeric keypad or keyboard, control software for a menu screen, and the like. The reception unit 130 may receive, for example, information such as voice input by a microphone.

[0079] In this embodiment, the reception unit 130 receives a designation operation by the user to designate whether or not each parameter has a property that can change depending on the activity of a worker. That is, the user can designate whether or not each parameter constituting the distributed water circulation model can be a target of worker activity in a predetermined area. When the reception unit 130 receives the designation operation, it associates an identifier that identifies the parameter with a flag or the like indicating whether or not the parameter has a property that can change depending on the activity of a worker, and stores the corresponding information in the property information storage unit 117. The user can, for example, perform a field survey of the predetermined area and then designate information regarding the above property for each parameter.

[0080] The processing unit 140 can usually be realized by an MPU, a memory, etc. The processing procedure of the processing unit 140 is usually realized by software, and the software is recorded in a recording medium such as a ROM. However, it may also be realized by hardware (dedicated circuit). The processing unit 140 performs various types of processing. The various types of processing are, for example, processing performed by each part of the processing unit 140 as follows.

[0081] In this embodiment, the processing unit 140 includes an extraction unit 141 , a calculation unit 151 , and a configuration unit 155 .

[0082] The extraction unit 141 extracts high influence parameters that have a large influence on the water balance calculation value as the high influence parameters satisfy a predetermined condition. The high influence parameters are extracted from a group of parameters used in the distributed water circulation model. The high influence parameters may be one or two or more.

[0083] Here, various conditions can be set as the predetermined condition. In this embodiment, the extraction unit 141 judges, for example, whether or not the result of the sensitivity analysis for each parameter satisfies a predetermined extraction condition. As the extraction condition, for example, a ratio of the calculated value of the water balance before and after the value change is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value can be appropriately set. Note that the extraction unit 141 extracts a predetermined number (for example, it may be one or may be two or more) of top-ranked parameters as highly influential parameters in order of the influence on the calculated value of the water balance according to the result of ranking by the ranking setting unit 1415 described later.

[0084] In this embodiment, the extraction unit 141 extracts high-influence parameters from among the parameters constituting the distributed water circulation model that are determined to have a property that can change depending on the activity of the worker. The extraction unit 141 can determine that each parameter has a property that can change depending on the activity of the worker, for example, based on the information stored in the property information storage unit 117. That is, in this embodiment, the extraction unit 141 is configured to determine that a parameter designated as a possible target of the activity of the worker by a designation operation received by the reception unit 130 is a parameter that has a property that can change depending on the activity of the worker. The determination of whether or not a parameter has a property that can change depending on the activity of the worker may be performed after performing a sensitivity analysis of each parameter on the influence on the calculated water balance value as described below. Also, a sensitivity analysis of the influence on the calculated water balance value may be performed on only the parameters that have a property that can change depending on the activity of the worker.

[0085] In this embodiment, the extraction unit 141 extracts the highly influential parameters by performing a sensitivity analysis on the influence of each parameter on the water balance calculated value. The sensitivity analysis is performed by changing the value of each parameter and having the calculation unit 151 obtain the water balance calculated value.

[0086] The extraction unit 141 includes a parameter setting unit 1411 , a post-change calculation unit 1412 , and a ranking setting unit 1415 .

[0087] The parameter setting unit 1411 acquires observation data relating to one or more parameters from the observation data storage unit 113. The parameter setting unit 1411 also acquires observation data relating to the balance of water resources from the observation data storage unit 113. The parameter setting unit 1411 can acquire corresponding observation data by using an identifier that identifies a parameter or a water balance.

[0088] The parameter setting unit 1411 sets the value of each parameter so that the water balance calculation value calculated by the processing unit 140 using the value of each parameter corresponding to the acquired observation data and the values ​​of other parameters corresponds to the acquired observation data regarding the balance of water resources. That is, the parameter setting unit 1411 sets the value of each parameter so that it is a reasonable value in light of the observation data. For example, for a parameter with corresponding observation data, a value corresponding to the observation data may be set, and the values ​​of the other parameters may be set within the range of possible values ​​of the parameter using an analysis method such as Newton's method so that the difference between the observation data of the water balance and the water balance calculation value is within a predetermined value.

[0089] The post-change calculation unit 1412 calculates the water balance by changing the parameter value set by the parameter setting unit 1411 for each parameter. The calculated value of the water balance calculated in this way is called a post-change calculated value. In other words, the post-change calculation unit 1412 acquires the post-change calculated value.

[0090] In this embodiment, the post-change calculation unit 1412 acquires a post-change calculated value by changing the parameter value set by the parameter setting unit 1411 by a predetermined rate for each parameter. Specifically, for example, the set value for one parameter is increased or decreased by 1 percent, and the post-change calculated value is calculated using the changed value. Note that the rate of change is not limited to this. Also, a value used for calculating the post-change calculated value may be obtained by adding or subtracting a change amount set in advance for each parameter to or from the set value.

[0091] The extraction unit 141 extracts a highly influential parameter based on the post-change calculated value calculated by the post-change calculation unit 1412 for each parameter. In this embodiment, the extraction unit 141 acquires a water balance calculated value for each parameter using a parameter group set by the parameter setting unit 1411. Then, the extraction unit 141 calculates the difference between the acquired water balance calculated value and the post-change calculated value calculated by the post-change calculation unit 1412. If the calculated difference is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold, the extraction unit 141 extracts the parameter as a highly influential parameter. Note that the extraction unit 141 may extract the parameter as a highly influential parameter if the ratio between the water balance calculated value and the post-change calculated value is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold.

[0092] Here, in this embodiment, the ranking setting unit 1415, for example, compares the difference between the water balance calculated value and the post-change calculated value obtained for each parameter between the parameters, and ranks the highly influential parameters. That is, the parameter is ranked higher as it has a greater influence on the water balance calculated value as the difference between the water balance calculated value and the post-change calculated value is larger (higher sensitivity). In this way, the extraction unit 141 ranks the highly influential parameters in order of the influence each highly influential parameter has on the water balance calculated value. Note that information (for example, a flag) indicating whether each parameter has been extracted as a highly influential parameter, information indicating the result of ranking by the ranking setting unit 1415, and the like may be stored in the storage unit 110 in association with an identifier or the like that identifies the parameter.

[0093] The extraction unit 141 performs sensitivity analysis by varying such values ​​for each parameter, and can extract highly influential parameters that have a large effect on the calculated water balance value, that is, parameters that are highly responsive to the water balance, to the extent that the predetermined condition is satisfied. The sensitivity analysis is performed using values ​​that are varied from the values ​​set by the parameter setting unit 1411, so that it is possible to confirm the sensitivity of the parameter in the vicinity of the values ​​that are considered to be likely to be actually taken by the parameter.

[0094] The extraction unit 141 may extract the high-influence parameters, for example, as follows. That is, the post-change calculation unit 1412 may change the value of each parameter set by the parameter setting unit 1411 to the maximum value and the minimum value of the possible range, and obtain two post-change calculated values. In this case, the extraction unit 141 may extract the parameter as a high-influence parameter when the difference or ratio between the two post-change calculated values ​​is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value for each parameter. Specifically, for example, when the ratio between the two post-change calculated values ​​is equal to or greater than 1 percent, the parameter can be extracted as a high-influence parameter, but the method of determining using the threshold value or the two post-change calculated values ​​is not limited to this. In addition, for example, a sensitivity analysis may be performed based on the post-change calculated value calculated using either the maximum value or the minimum value that the parameter can take, and the water balance calculated value obtained using the parameter group set by the parameter setting unit 1411.

[0095] The calculation unit 151 uses a distributed water circulation model to obtain a water balance calculation value based on the values ​​of the applied parameter set.

[0096] When the calculation unit 151 acquires a water balance calculation value, the configuration unit 155 configures output data using the water balance calculation value.

[0097] Furthermore, in this embodiment, when the extraction unit 141 extracts a high influence parameter as described above, the configuration unit 155 configures output data using an identifier for identifying the high influence parameter. The identifier for identifying the high influence parameter may be a code associated with each parameter, or may be the name of the parameter itself. Note that the configuration unit 155 may configure output data by sorting the identifiers of the high influence parameters in an order according to the ranking result by the ranking setting unit 1415 (for example, from highest to lowest).

[0098] In this embodiment, the output unit 160 outputs information by displaying the information on a display device provided in the information processing device 1, for example. In this embodiment, the output unit 160 outputs output data configured by the configuration unit 155, for example. That is, when a water balance calculation value is acquired, the output unit 160 can output the water balance calculation value. In addition, in this embodiment, when a high influence parameter is extracted, the output unit 160 outputs an identifier that identifies the extracted high influence parameter. At this time, the output unit 160 outputs the identifier according to the result of the ranking. Note that outputting according to the result of the ranking may be outputting information indicating the ranking and the identifier in association with each other, or may be outputting identifiers sorted in the order according to the result of the ranking as described above. Also, it may be outputting identifiers in order from the highest ranking, or may be outputting identifiers in order from the lowest ranking.

[0099] The output unit 160 may be configured to output information by transmitting information to another device via a network or the like using a transmission unit (not shown), for example. The output unit 160 may or may not include an output device such as a display or a speaker. The output unit 160 may be realized by driver software for an output device, or a combination of driver software for an output device and the output device, or the like.

[0100] In this embodiment, the determination by the extraction unit 141 as to whether each parameter has a property that can change depending on the activity of the worker may be performed, for example, as follows. That is, for example, the extraction unit 141 may be configured to determine, in each location, a parameter related to an element located above a point at a predetermined depth from the ground surface as a parameter having a property that can change depending on the activity of the worker. For example, by previously storing information indicating that the parameter has a property that can change depending on the activity of the worker in association with the parameter in the property information storage unit 117 or the like, the extraction unit 141 can make such a determination. In this way, the user of the information processing device 1 can obtain information indicating that the parameter corresponding to the controlling element that is likely to actually be influenced by the activity of the worker is a highly influential parameter.

[0101] Next, an example of the flow of operations related to extraction of high influence parameters performed by the information processing device 1 will be described.

[0102] FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the operation of the information processing device 1 regarding extraction of high influence parameters.

[0103] (Step S11) The processing unit 140 identifies parameters determined to have properties that can change depending on the activity of the worker from among the parameter group of the distributed water circulation model. As described above, this can be performed based on, for example, the information stored in the property information storage unit 117. The identified parameters are the targets of the sensitivity analysis.

[0104] (Step S12) The processing unit 140 performs a process of performing a sensitivity analysis on the identified parameters and extracting highly influential parameters. The flow of the extraction process will be described later.

[0105] (Step S13) The processing unit 140 ranks the extracted high influence parameters.

[0106] (Step S14) The determining unit 140 composes output data including an identifier for identifying the extracted high influence parameter. The composition is performed using the ranking result, but is not limited to this. The output unit 160 outputs the output data. As a result, the identifier for identifying the high influence parameter is output. After that, the series of processes ends.

[0107] FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of the extraction process performed by the information processing device 1.

[0108] (Step S21) The processing unit 140 sets a counter i to zero.

[0109] (Step S22) The processing unit 140 increments the counter i.

[0110] (Step S23) The processing unit 140 selects the i-th parameter for which a sensitivity analysis is to be performed.

[0111] (Step S24) The processing unit 140 acquires the range of possible values ​​of the selected parameter.

[0112] (Step S25) The processing unit 140 performs a sensitivity analysis by varying the values ​​of the selected parameters.

[0113] (Step S26) The processor 140 judges whether the result of the sensitivity analysis satisfies a predetermined extraction condition. As the extraction condition, for example, as described above, it is possible to set that the ratio of the calculated values ​​of the water balance before and after the fluctuation is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold. If the extraction condition is satisfied, the process proceeds to step S27, and if not, the process proceeds to step S28.

[0114] (Step S27) The processing unit 140 sets the selected parameter as an extraction target. That is, the processing unit 140 causes the selected parameter to be extracted as a highly influential parameter.

[0115] (Step S28) The processing unit 140 judges whether the counter i is equal to the total number of parameters for which the sensitivity analysis is performed. If it is equal, the extraction process ends. If it is not equal, the process returns to step S22.

[0116] In the example shown in Fig. 4, the information processing device 1 performs the sensitivity analysis after identifying the parameters to be subjected to the sensitivity analysis, but this is not limited to the above. For example, after the extraction process, the parameters that can be finally output as the highly influential parameters may be limited to those that have a property that can change depending on the activity of the worker. Also, the ranking process may be performed during the extraction process. In this case, the extraction condition may be set to be related to the result of the ranking.

[0117] As described above, in this embodiment, the information processing device 1 performs sensitivity analysis on each parameter, identifies highly influential parameters that have a large effect on the water balance calculation value to the extent that the parameters satisfy a predetermined condition, and outputs their identifiers. Therefore, a user of the information processing device 1 can use the water resources management method for managing water resources in a predetermined area by using the information processing device 1.

[0118] FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a water resource management method using the information processing device 1.

[0119] (Step S51) First, as described above, a distributed water circulation model is created for a given target area.

[0120] (Step S52) Using a distributed water circulation model, the calculation unit 151 is caused to obtain a water balance calculation value and observation data, and the state of the water circulation in a predetermined area is grasped.

[0121] (Step S53) The information processing device 1 executes the above-mentioned process to obtain the identifier of the high influence parameter output by the output unit 160. This makes it possible to identify the controlling factor that has a large influence on the water balance calculation value of the water resource in the predetermined region.

[0122] (Step S54) In a predetermined area, an activity is carried out to change the state of the dominant element corresponding to the acquired identifier. This results in a substantial change in the value of the high-influence parameter. In other words, the process of steps S53 and S54 allows management of water resources.

[0123] (Step S55) Confirm the effect of changing the state of the control element. For example, in the same way as in step S52, obtain water balance calculation values ​​and observation data to confirm the changes in water resources after the activity in step S54.

[0124] In this way, it is possible to easily identify the controlling factors corresponding to the high-influence parameters that have a large influence on the water balance in a given region by using the information processing device 1. Therefore, when managing water resources, it is possible to effectively manage the water resources in a given region by performing an activity to change the state of the controlling factors.

[0125] The processing in this embodiment may be realized by software. This software may be distributed by software download or the like. This software may be recorded on a recording medium such as a CD-ROM and distributed. The software for realizing the information processing device 1 in this embodiment is a program as follows. That is, this program is executed by the computer of the information processing device 1, and causes the processor of the information processing device 1 to function as a calculation unit that acquires a water balance calculation value regarding the balance of water resources in a predetermined region based on the value applied to each parameter using a distributed water circulation model configured using a parameter group including two or more parameters and in which the circulation state of water resources in the predetermined region is modeled, an extraction unit that performs a sensitivity analysis regarding the influence of each parameter on the water balance calculation value by changing each parameter and having the calculation unit acquire a water balance calculation value, and extracts a high-influence parameter that has a large influence on the water balance calculation value to the extent that it satisfies a predetermined condition, and an output unit that outputs an identifier that identifies the high-influence parameter extracted by the extraction unit.

[0126] (Embodiment 2)

[0127] An overview of the second embodiment will be described below with respect to the differences from the first embodiment. In the second embodiment, an information processing device 201 capable of calculating a water balance calculation value using a distributed water circulation model is used, as in the first embodiment. The information processing device 201 is configured to be capable of outputting information on the circulation state of water resources at each point, using the water balance calculation value corresponding to each mesh.

[0128] In the second embodiment, the information processing device 201 is configured to reproduce the circulation state of water resources among the lattices using a distributed water circulation model, link the calculation results with the position information of each lattice, and display the results as geographic information to visualize the spatial distribution, thereby making it possible to identify points that are important for water resource management. The following describes such an information processing device 201.

[0129] FIG. 7 is a block diagram of an information processing device 201 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0130] 7, the information processing device 201 includes a storage unit 110, a reception unit 130, a processing unit 240, and an output unit 160. In this embodiment, the processing unit 240 includes an extraction unit 141 and a calculation unit 151, as well as a configuration unit 255 and a geographic information acquisition unit 257. Other basic configurations of the processing unit 240 are similar to those of the processing unit 140 according to the first embodiment.

[0131] In the second embodiment, the configuration unit 255 configures, as output data, information on the circulation state of water resources at each point in the predetermined area (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as point information) based on the water balance calculated value corresponding to each mesh acquired by the calculation unit 151 and the position information corresponding to each mesh. In the present embodiment, the point information is information in which the position information of each mesh and the water balance calculated value are associated with each other. That is, the point information includes, for example, the position information for each of a large number of meshes in the predetermined area and the corresponding water balance calculated value. Such point information can be said to be information indicating the spatial distribution of the water balance calculated value in the predetermined area. Note that the point information is not limited to information including information for each mesh, and may include information on each point divided larger than the division of the mesh. Such point information may also be configured so that the configuration unit 255 calculates the information on each point based on the position information of each mesh and the water balance calculated value.

[0132] In this embodiment, the location information may represent spatial distributions related to various water balances, such as the spatial distribution of the amount of water infiltrating as soil water, the spatial distribution of the amount of water recharged as groundwater, the spatial distribution of the amount of water flowing into a specific area as groundwater, the spatial distribution of the amount of water flowing out to the ground surface as spring water, and the spatial distribution of the amount of water flowing into a river as river water.

[0133] The geographic information acquisition unit 257 acquires geographic information for visually displaying the shape of a predetermined area. The geographic information is, for example, information for displaying a map. The geographic information may be a two-dimensional map image, an aerial photograph, a satellite photograph, or the like of the predetermined area, or may be drawing information for rendering and expressing the shape of the predetermined area by predetermined software. The drawing information may represent a two-dimensional image, or may be information that enables drawing of a three-dimensional shape. The geographic information is, for example, information stored in advance in the storage unit 110, but is not limited thereto. For example, the geographic information acquisition unit 257 may be configured to be capable of acquiring geographic information transmitted from an external server or the like that can communicate with the information processing device 1.

[0134] The output unit 160 outputs the spot information configured by the configuration unit 255 in the second embodiment. In the present embodiment, the output unit 160 outputs the spot information based on the geographic information acquired by the geographic information acquisition unit 257 together with the shape of the predetermined area corresponding to the geographic information so that the user can visually confirm it. Outputting so that the information can be visually confirmed means, for example, displaying it on a display or the like, but is not limited to this, and may be image formation on paper or the like, transmission of information for display or image formation in another device, etc. The user can easily grasp the spatial distribution of the water balance by visually confirming the spot information by the output unit 160. Note that the output unit 160 may output the spot information without using the geographic information. Since the spot information includes information in which the position information of each point is associated with the water balance calculation value, even in this case, the user can easily grasp the spatial distribution of the water balance. Note that even in this case, the output unit 160 may be configured to visually confirm the distribution status of the water balance calculation value based on the position information of each point.

[0135] In outputting the location information, it is preferable to display various items in different ways for each location depending on the magnitude of the calculated water balance value for each location. Examples of items that display differently for each location include a heat map-like display in which the hue or shade varies depending on the magnitude of the calculated water balance value, a display in which the font size or weight varies depending on the magnitude of the calculated water balance value when the calculated water balance value is shown as a number, and a display in which the calculated water balance value is shown as a bar graph. By outputting the location information in such a display manner, the user can more intuitively grasp the spatial distribution of the water balance.

[0136] Here, in this embodiment, the configuration unit 255 may acquire observation data on the balance of water resources corresponding to one or more meshes, and configure spot information based on the water balance calculation value acquired by the calculation unit 151, the location information, and the observation data. In this case, the value of a predetermined parameter calculated by the configuration unit 255 based on the water balance calculation value and the value of a predetermined parameter based on the observation data may be included in the spot information.

[0137] When configuring location information based on observation data in this way, for example, for locations with observation data, by outputting observation data that is more reliable than the calculated water balance value, the user can grasp the spatial distribution of the water balance with higher accuracy. In this case, for locations with observation data, the calculated water balance value and the observation data may be output in correspondence with each other. This allows the user to easily check the degree of reproducibility of the distributed water cycle model and use it as a reference when using the location information.

[0138] In this way, in this embodiment, the user can easily grasp the spatial distribution of the water balance in a given area by using the point information. By checking the difference in water balance between each point in the given area and other points, the user can easily determine points that should be noted when considering management measures for water resources in the given area.

[0139] The configuration unit 255 may be configured to include information on the comparison result between the value of a predetermined parameter representing the circulation state of water resources at each point and a predetermined threshold value in the point information. Here, the value of the predetermined parameter may be the calculated water balance value, a value obtained by aggregating the calculated water balance values, or the value of another parameter. For example, the configuration unit 255 may compare the calculated water balance value with a predetermined threshold value for each mesh and associate the comparison result with the position information corresponding to the mesh to configure the point information. By outputting such point information by the output unit 160, the user can easily grasp the spatial distribution of points where the calculated water balance value exceeds the threshold value (or is below the threshold value). By appropriately setting the threshold value according to the purpose, the user can easily determine points to be noted when considering management measures for water resources in a predetermined area. In this case, too, it is preferable to make the display mode for each point different depending on the case where the comparison result satisfies a predetermined condition (such as the case where the value is positive or negative) or the magnitude of the comparison result.

[0140] Here, the predetermined threshold value may be, for example, a value corresponding to the average value of the predetermined parameter at each point within the predetermined region.

[0141] For example, the location information may represent information on the results of comparing the effective precipitation value at each location with the effective precipitation per unit area of ​​a given region (i.e., the average effective precipitation value at each location). In this case, locations where the effective precipitation value exceeds the average value can be noted by the user as important locations for managing recharge, etc.

[0142] Also, for example, the point information may represent information on the results of a comparison between the river flow rate at each point and the river flow rate per unit basin area of ​​a given region (i.e., the average river flow rate at each point of the river). In this case, the user can be drawn to the locations where the river flow rate exceeds the average value as important locations for managing the river flow rate.

[0143] Next, an example of the flow of operations performed by the information processing device 201 regarding the configuration and output of point information will be described.

[0144] FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the operation of the information processing device 201 regarding the configuration and output of spot information.

[0145] (Step S211) The processing unit 140 acquires a water balance calculation value for each mesh using a distributed water circulation model.

[0146] (Step S212) The processing unit 140 compares the water balance calculation value for each mesh with a predetermined threshold value, and configures spot information by associating the comparison result with the position information of the mesh. The configured spot information may be stored in the storage unit 110, for example.

[0147] (Step S213) The geographic information acquisition unit 257 acquires the geographic information from the storage unit 110.

[0148] (Step S214) The output unit 160 acquires the location information stored in the storage unit 110, and outputs it to the display together with the geographic information. After that, the series of processes ends.

[0149] As described above, in this embodiment, the information processing device 201 can output location information including the water balance calculation value of each location and the comparison result thereof. Therefore, a user of the information processing device 201 can use the water resources management method for managing water resources in a predetermined area by using the information processing device 201, for example, as follows.

[0150] FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a water resource management method using the information processing device 201.

[0151] (Step S251) First, as described above, a distributed water circulation model is created for a given target area.

[0152] (Step S252) Using a distributed water circulation model, the calculation unit 151 obtains a water balance calculation value.

[0153] (Step S253) The information processing device 201 executes the above-mentioned processing, and the output unit 160 outputs the comparison results between the calculated water balance value at each point and the predetermined threshold value on a display or the like. This allows the user to grasp important points that should be noted in managing water resources in a predetermined area.

[0154] (Step S254) In a specified area, an activity is performed to change the state of the controlling element of a part of the area corresponding to a point where the information on the comparison result of that point satisfies a specified condition. For example, in an area (an example of a part of the area) surrounding a specific point where the comparison result is different from that of other points (an example of satisfying a specified condition), the state of the controlling element that affects the calculated water balance value of the specific point is changed. This changes the calculated water balance value of the specific point. In other words, water resources can be managed by the process from step S252 to step S254.

[0155] (Step S255) After that, the effect of changing the state of the control element is confirmed. For example, the processes of steps S252 and S253 are performed again, or observation data of a specific point is obtained, and the change in water resources after the activity of step S254 is confirmed.

[0156] In this way, it is possible to easily grasp the spatial distribution of the water balance in a given area by using the information processing device 1. Therefore, when managing water resources, it is possible to effectively manage water resources in a given area by taking an action to change the state of the controlling factors that affect the water balance of a point of interest.

[0157] The processing in this embodiment may be realized by software. This software may be distributed by software download or the like. This software may be recorded on a recording medium such as a CD-ROM and distributed. The software for realizing the information processing device 201 in this embodiment is a program as follows. That is, this program is executed by the computer of the information processing device 201, and causes the computer of the information processing device 201 to function as a calculation unit that acquires a water balance calculation value related to the balance of water resources corresponding to each mesh using a distributed water circulation model in which the circulation state of water resources in a predetermined region is modeled, the distributed water circulation model being configured using a large number of meshes obtained by dividing a predetermined region into a lattice shape, each of which is associated with position information that specifies a position, and a parameter group including two or more parameters applied to each mesh; a configuration unit that configures information on the circulation state of water resources at each point in the predetermined region based on the water balance calculation value corresponding to each mesh acquired by the calculation unit and the position information corresponding to each mesh; and an output unit that outputs information on the circulation state of water resources at each point in the predetermined region configured by the configuration unit.

[0158] (others)

[0159] Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a computer system 800 in the above embodiment, and Fig. 11 is a block diagram of the computer system 800.

[0160] These figures show the configuration of a computer that executes the programs described in this specification to realize the information processing device 1 of the above-mentioned embodiment, etc. The above-mentioned embodiment can be realized by computer hardware and a computer program executed thereon.

[0161] Computer system 800 includes a computer 801 including a CD-ROM drive, a keyboard 802, a mouse 803, and a monitor 804.

[0162] In addition to the CD-ROM drive 8012, the computer 801 includes an MPU 8013, a bus 8014 connected to the CD-ROM drive 8012 etc., a ROM 8015 for storing programs such as a boot-up program, a RAM 8016 connected to the MPU 8013 for temporarily storing instructions of application programs and providing a temporary storage space, and a hard disk 8017 for storing application programs, system programs, and data. Although not shown here, the computer 801 may further include a network card for providing a connection to a LAN.

[0163] A program for causing computer system 800 to execute the functions of the information processing device or the like of the above-mentioned embodiments may be stored on CD-ROM 8101, inserted into CD-ROM drive 8012, and further transferred to hard disk 8017. Alternatively, the program may be transmitted to computer 801 via a network (not shown) and stored on hard disk 8017. The program is loaded into RAM 8016 at the time of execution. The program may be loaded directly from CD-ROM 8101 or the network.

[0164] The program does not necessarily include an operating system (OS) or a third party program that causes the computer 801 to execute the functions of the information processing device of the above-mentioned embodiment. The program only needs to include an instruction portion that calls appropriate functions (modules) in a controlled manner to obtain a desired result. How the computer system 800 operates is well known, and a detailed description will be omitted.

[0165] In addition, in the above program, the transmitting step of transmitting information and the receiving step of receiving information do not include processing performed by hardware, such as processing performed by a modem or interface card in the transmitting step (processing that is performed only by hardware).

[0166] The program may be executed by a single computer or a plurality of computers. That is, the program may be executed by a centralized processing or a distributed processing.

[0167] In the above-described embodiments, two or more components present in one device may be physically realized on one medium.

[0168] Furthermore, in the above embodiments, each process (each function) may be realized by centralized processing by a single device (system), or may be realized by distributed processing by multiple devices (in this case, the entire system made up of multiple devices performing distributed processing can be considered as a single "device").

[0169] In addition, in the above embodiments, the transfer of information between each component may be performed, for example, by one component outputting information and the other component receiving information if the two components transferring the information are physically different, or, if the two components transferring the information are physically the same, by shifting from a processing phase corresponding to one component to a processing phase corresponding to the other component.

[0170] In the above embodiment, information related to the processing performed by each component, such as information accepted, acquired, selected, generated, transmitted, or received by each component, and information such as thresholds, formulas, and addresses used by each component in processing, may be temporarily or long-term stored in a recording medium (not shown) even if not specified in the above description. Furthermore, each component or a storage unit (not shown) may store information in the recording medium (not shown). Furthermore, each component or a reading unit (not shown) may read information from the recording medium (not shown).

[0171] In the above embodiment, if the information used by each component, such as the threshold value, address, and various setting values ​​used by each component in processing, may be changed by the user, the user may be able to change the information as appropriate, even if not specified in the above description. If the information is changeable by the user, the change may be realized, for example, by a reception unit (not shown) that receives a change instruction from the user, and a change unit (not shown) that changes the information in response to the change instruction. The reception unit (not shown) may receive the change instruction from an input device, may receive information transmitted via a communication line, or may receive information read from a predetermined recording medium. In addition, various modifications such as addition, deletion, modification, and order change of steps may be made in the processes and procedures shown in the flowcharts described above.

[0172] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications are possible, and are also included within the scope of the present invention. In addition, some of the components and functions of the above-described embodiment may be omitted.

[0173] An embodiment may be configured by appropriately combining the above-mentioned multiple embodiments. For example, it is not limited to the configuration of the above-mentioned embodiment itself, and each component of the above-mentioned embodiment may be replaced or combined with a component of another embodiment as appropriate. In addition, some components or functions of the above-mentioned embodiment may be omitted. For example, in the second embodiment, it may be possible to output an identifier of a high influence parameter, similar to the first embodiment. EXAMPLES

[0174] Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to Experimental Example 1, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0175] In this Example 1, a water circulation model was created to reproduce the circulation state of water resources in a spatial unit having a certain range of spatial extent, and a management index for groundwater recharge volume, one of the basic processes of water resources, was set, and the effectiveness of managing the index was confirmed.

[0176] The target area is a designated area in Gifu prefecture. In this area, we set a management index for groundwater recharge, one of the basic processes of water resources, and confirmed the effect of managing the index.

[0177] First, a distributed water cycle model was created. From the national land water cycle model constructed by Geosphere Environmental Technology, areas covering approximately 250 ha and approximately 374 ha in the southeastern part of Gifu Prefecture were extracted, and the planar grid was subdivided into 100 m. The target period was the five years from 2011 to 2015. The year 2011 was used as a run-up period to transition from a steady state (background analysis) to an unsteady state (present-day reproduction analysis).

[0178] A transient analysis was performed on the equilibrium state given the average meteorological conditions of the region. From the calculation results, the reproduction of the water cycle in the target region and various quantities that represent the characteristics of the water source in the region were extracted.

[0179] The calculation conditions are as follows:

[0180] For precipitation, the background analysis used a constant precipitation amount that did not take into account temporal changes. For spatial distribution within the target area, multi-year daily average precipitation with a horizontal resolution of 1 km was used from the 2010 mesh normal. The calculation was done by subtracting the evapotranspiration amount (described below) from the precipitation amount to determine the effective precipitation amount, which was then assigned to the surface layer grid. For the present-day reproduction analysis, radar AMeDAS analysis precipitation was aggregated into daily data and used.

[0181] In the background analysis, potential evapotranspiration was calculated using the Harmon method (Harmon WR, 1961). Potential evapotranspiration is calculated using the following formula: In the formula below, "^" is the symbol indicating an exponent, and "_" is the symbol indicating a subscript.

[0182] Ep = 0.14 × (D_0)^2 × Pt Here, "Ep" is the daily average evapotranspiration (mm / d), "D_0" is the sunshine duration normalized to 12 hours, and "Pt" is the saturated absolute humidity (g / m^3). For the sunshine duration, the correction value of the day length for each latitude (Groundwater Handbook Editorial Committee, 1979) was used.

[0183] The effects of snow accumulation and snow melt were not taken into account in either the background analysis or the analysis reproducing current conditions.

[0184] Regarding vegetation, the background analysis did not take into account the effect of precipitation interception by vegetation. In the analysis of reproducing the current situation, the process of precipitation interception by the canopy and forest floor was considered. Rainfall outside the forest was assumed to be intercepted and stored by the canopy and forest floor, and the amount of water stored at each was assumed to flow out of the system by evapotranspiration calculated by the single-layer heat balance method. Only the remaining water passed through the canopy and reached the forest floor, and some of it passed through the forest floor and reached the ground surface. For the canopy and forest floor, the amount of storage and coverage rate corresponding to land use and vegetation classification were given as parameters. In this study, based on the existing vegetation map of the Basic Survey on Natural Environment Conservation, the vegetation distribution was reclassified into six categories: grassland / bare land, urban area, deciduous broadleaf trees, evergreen broadleaf trees, coniferous forest, and bamboo forest.

[0185] Fig. 12 is a diagram for explaining vegetation distribution in Example 1. Fig. 13 is a diagram for explaining geological divisions in this embodiment.

[0186] The sensitivity analysis was carried out as follows. In other words, the parameters that may affect the recharge amount include boundary conditions such as effective precipitation and internal conditions such as hydraulic conductivity. Since the sensitivity analysis is a steady-state calculation, parameters that only affect the unsteady-state calculation (such as porosity) were excluded from the analysis. In addition, parameters with a very small range (such as water density) were excluded. The parameters that were ultimately used for the sensitivity analysis were effective precipitation, roughness coefficient, and hydraulic conductivity. The possible ranges of these parameters were assumed to be due to, for example, errors that occur when measuring rainfall, and the range of hydraulic conductivity set in the geological classification. For this reason, the range of boundary conditions and internal conditions was narrowed down by combining previous field data (rainfall observations, field surveys, hydraulic conductivity tests, hydrological observations, etc.), literature values, analysis results, etc. It is expected that the wider the parameter range is set, the larger the range of recharge amount will be, so it is desirable to narrow it down to a certain extent while leaving a sufficient range.

[0187] The range of effective precipitation is as follows. Specific flow was calculated from the river flow observation data around the target area, and it was confirmed that this roughly corresponded to the effective precipitation around the target area estimated using the Harmon method from the mesh average value 2010. The range of effective precipitation was then calculated from the difference between the two. Specifically, first, river flow points around the target area were selected where almost the entire amount of effective precipitation in the catchment area of ​​the point was thought to flow out based on topography, geology, etc., and where it is expected to occur over many years. The average specific flow was calculated for each selected point, and a range was set assuming the accuracy of the river flow to be plus or minus 10 percent. This was based on the knowledge that "Plot the flow rate on the existing water level and flow rate curve and check whether the value is far from the curve (approximately 10% is used as a guideline). If the value is far from the curve, investigate the cause" (described in Chapter 5, Flow Rate Data, Hydrological Observation (Public Works Research Institute), 2002 Edition). The largest difference between the range of specific flow rates obtained at each point and the effective precipitation estimated from the mesh average value for 2010 was taken as the range of average effective precipitation around the target area.

[0188] FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a comparison between the specific flow rate in this embodiment and the effective precipitation amount estimated from the mesh normal value 2010.

[0189] In Figure 14, "Shirakawaguchi" was excluded from the calculation because it suggests the influence of water intake at Nagura Dam. The difference between the final specific flow rate and the effective precipitation estimated from the mesh normal value in 2010 ranged from minus 114 mm / year to 402 mm / year.

[0190] The range of internal conditions was set as follows. In the quantitative evaluation of this embodiment, the reproducibility in steady-state calculations was confirmed and the parameter set was narrowed down. Since non-steady-state reproducibility was not considered, parameters such as porosity related to storage were not targeted. Therefore, the target parameters of the internal conditions were the permeability roughness coefficient and hydraulic conductivity. The permeability roughness coefficient was set in association with land use in the base case, and it was decided to continue to set it in association with land use in this embodiment. The possible range was set for each land use based on previous literature. The hydraulic conductivity was set in association with the stratum classification in the base case, and it was decided to continue to set it in association with the stratum classification.

[0191] FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an image of the setting of the hydraulic conductivity in this embodiment.

[0192] Field data such as permeability test data has not been collected for many stratum sections, such as mountain areas including the area of ​​interest (area surrounded by solid lines in Figure 9). Therefore, as shown in Figure 15, for all models, the permeability coefficient is basically set to decrease from the surface to the deeper layers, and this relative structure is maintained within about plus or minus one order. Therefore, a range was set in principle with the maximum value being the set value plus one order and the minimum value being the set value minus one order. However, if the value of the set value plus one order is considered to be too large, the maximum value was set to the set value and the minimum value was set to the set value minus two orders. Conversely, if the value of the set value minus one order is considered to be too small, the maximum value was set to the set value plus two orders and the minimum value was set to the set value.

[0193] FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining the results of the sensitivity analysis in this embodiment.

[0194] The results of the sensitivity analysis were obtained as shown in Figure 16. For geology with weathered loosening zones, fresh areas, etc. set, sensitivity analysis was performed by simultaneously setting these to the maximum or minimum value. In addition, sensitivity analysis was performed by simultaneously setting all land uses to the maximum or minimum value for the roughness coefficient. The parameters that were determined to be sensitive to the amount of recharge in the area of ​​interest are as follows.

[0195] Effective precipitation, roughness coefficient, permeability coefficient of topsoil, permeability coefficient of sediments from the Late Pleistocene and Holocene, permeability coefficient of muddy parts of the Mesozoic layer, permeability coefficient of volcanic rocks from the Mesozoic to Neogene periods (including pyroclastic flow deposits)

[0196] The change in effective precipitation was found to be an important indicator, varying groundwater recharge by 31.2 percent. Effective precipitation was identified as an important indicator (high impact parameter) for managing water resources.

[0197] Based on these results, we decided to take management measures to increase effective precipitation, including thinning out densely packed trees.

[0198] FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating the effect of the management measures in this embodiment.

[0199] The results of the confirmation of the effectiveness of the management measures are as follows. In GHS2, where thinning of dense trees was carried out in December 2012, the ratio of rainfall within the canopy to rainfall outside the canopy increased from 2013 onwards, and in GHS2, where thinning of dense trees was carried out in May 2014, in 2014, and it was confirmed that the effective precipitation increased. In addition, an increasing trend in base flow was confirmed during the same period. This suggests that the amount of recharge has increased.

[0200] FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating an example of display of point information in this embodiment.

[0201] In Figure 18, the relative amount of recharge at each point divided into grids is shown as a distribution map. Points with more recharge are shown in darker colors. Each point is also overlaid on a map showing the shape of the given area. EXAMPLES

[0202] Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to Experimental Example 2, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0203] In this Example 2, a distributed water circulation model was created to reproduce the circulation state of water resources in a spatial unit with a certain spatial extent. The focus was on groundwater recharge as a water resource, and the reproducibility of the water balance was confirmed by matching the locations of springs.

[0204] FIG. 19 is a diagram showing a predetermined region that is a target in the second embodiment.

[0205] In Example 2, the study centered on the Jingu River, which flows through Hokuto City, Yamanashi Prefecture, and took into account the possibility of water flowing in and out of neighboring river basins, covering an area of ​​approximately 100 square kilometers including the Nakano River, Kuro River, Nagare River, Matsuyamazawa River, Tazawa River, and Ojiro River, which flow into the Kamanashi River basin of the Fuji River system from the right bank.

[0206] The integrated watershed modeling system "GETFLOWS (registered trademark)" was used to reproduce the water cycle process. "GETFLOWS (registered trademark)" is an integrated water cycle simulation system that formulates the water cycle system in land areas as a multi-phase, multi-component fluid system and is capable of handling aboveground and underground water flows as a whole. The analysis results of the watershed model were compared with actual measurements of river flow rate, groundwater level, water quality, age, etc., or with conditions related to groundwater flow such as recharge and discharge estimated from the actual measurements. This allowed us to attempt to identify the water cycle process for the entire watershed.

[0207] FIG. 20 is a diagram showing the main steps of the present embodiment.

[0208] Land surface and hydrogeological structures were modeled. By linking field surveys with reproduction by watershed modeling, we aimed to identify water cycle processes with high accuracy. The computational grid in the target area was created with a horizontal resolution of 30m to 130m and a vertical resolution of 0.05m to 1,000m, taking into account the coverage of river channels and topography. The total number of grids in the model was 661,152, which were divided into 193 in the east-west direction, 168 in the north-south direction, and 24 in the depth direction. The time resolution of the external force data related to weather and water use used in the unsteady analysis was 1 day, and the reproduction period was from 2011 to 2013. The results of airborne laser surveys (LiDAR data) were used to analyze the topography and surface geology with high accuracy.

[0209] Figure 21 is a table showing the data on meteorology, topography, vegetation, land use, and geology used in the modeling and calculation of this example. Figure 22 is a bird's-eye view of the constructed three-dimensional numerical model.

[0210] The amount of groundwater recharge was estimated. Groundwater recharge, which is the input to groundwater, is narrowly defined as the supply of water to the groundwater table. From the viewpoint of a balanced water balance, the amount of groundwater recharge due to rainfall is considered to be approximately equal to the amount of runoff from groundwater to rivers, and in Japan, the amount of groundwater runoff is considered to be approximately equal to the drought flow of rivers. However, the drought flow does not include the component that leaves the target watershed as groundwater, and errors occur when estimating the net groundwater recharge, which changes daily. In this Example 2, the amount of groundwater recharge, which is the amount of water supplied to the groundwater table, was directly evaluated by estimating the annual integrated value of the flux passing downward through the free groundwater table, which changes from moment to moment, on the model. In addition, the annual integrated value of the flux passing downward through the bottom surface of the mesh reproduced as the topsoil layer in the 3D model was estimated, and the two were compared.

[0211] The verification results are as follows. Using the results of steady-state analysis using the constructed model, the accuracy of reproducing the static water level of the surrounding groundwater measured at multiple points was verified. As a result, the static water level was successfully reproduced within an accuracy of ±5m at 26 out of 41 points, and within ±10m at 36 out of 41 points. The Nash-Sutcliffe Model Efficiency, which indicates the degree of agreement between observed and calculated values, for this reproduction result was 0.92.

[0212] FIG. 23 is a diagram for explaining the location of spring water in this embodiment.

[0213] In Figure 23, it was confirmed that the location of the spring water was reproduced.

[0214] FIG. 24 is a diagram showing the spatial distribution of the recharge amount in this embodiment.

[0215] In Figure 24, the relative amount of recharge at each point divided into grids is shown as a three-dimensional distribution map. Points with greater recharge are shown in darker colors. [Industrial Applicability]

[0216] INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY As described above, the information processing device of the present invention has the effect of making it possible to easily identify what are the important controlling factors for water resources in each target area, and is useful as an information processing device, etc. [Explanation of symbols]

[0217] 1,201 Information processing equipment 110 Storage area 111 Model information storage section 113 Observation Data Storage Unit 117 Property information storage section 130 Reception 140,240 Processing section 141 Extraction part 151 Calculation Department 155,255 Components 160 Output section 257 Geographic Information Acquisition Department 1411 Parameter setting section 1412 Post-change calculation unit 1414 Ranking Division

Claims

1. a calculation unit that obtains a water balance calculation value relating to the balance of water resources corresponding to each mesh by using a distributed water circulation model that models the circulation state of water resources in the specified area, the distributed water circulation model being configured using a large number of meshes obtained by dividing a specified area into a grid shape, each of the meshes corresponding to location information that identifies a location, and a parameter group including two or more parameters that are applied to each of the meshes; and a configuration unit that configures information regarding the circulation state of water resources at each point within the specified area based on the water balance calculation value corresponding to each of the meshes acquired by the calculation unit and position information corresponding to each of the meshes; an output unit that outputs information regarding a circulation state of water resources at each point within the specified area configured by the configuration unit, The information regarding the circulation state of water resources at each point within the specified area includes information regarding a comparison result between a value of a specified parameter representing the circulation state of water resources at each point and a specified threshold value.

2. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the predetermined threshold corresponds to an average value of the predetermined parameter at each point within the predetermined region.

3. 3. An information processing device according to claim 1, wherein the information regarding the circulation state of water resources at each point within the specified region includes information regarding a comparison result between the effective precipitation value at each point and the effective precipitation per unit area of ​​the specified region.

4. 4. An information processing device according to claim 1, wherein the information regarding the circulation state of water resources at each point within the specified region includes information regarding a comparison result between the river flow rate value at each point and the river flow rate per unit drainage basin area of ​​the specified region.

5. A geographic information acquisition unit that acquires geographic information for visually displaying the shape of the predetermined area, The information processing device according to claim 1 , wherein the output unit visually outputs information on a circulation state of water resources at each point within the predetermined area together with a shape of the predetermined area based on the geographic information.

6. An information processing device as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the construction unit acquires observation data regarding the balance of water resources corresponding to one or more meshes, and constructs information regarding the circulation state of water resources for each point within the specified area based on the water balance calculation value acquired by the calculation unit, the location information, and the observation data.

7. The information processing device according to claim 6, wherein the information regarding the circulation state of water resources at each point within the specified area includes a value of a specified parameter calculated by the component unit based on the water balance calculation value and a value of the specified parameter based on the observation data.

8. The parameter group is The information processing device of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the parameters are two or more parameters including one or more of relative humidity, canopy coverage, canopy storage, litter coverage, litter storage, snow accumulation-snow melt temperature, albedo, bulk transport coefficient, soil evaporation efficiency, value roughness coefficient, effective porosity, solid phase compressibility, relative permeability, capillary pressure, fluid properties, fluid density, air density, fluid viscosity coefficient, and air viscosity coefficient.

9. 1. A water resources management method for managing water resources in a given area, comprising: acquiring information about the comparison result output by the output unit of the information processing device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, using a distributed water circulation model in which a circulation state of water resources in the predetermined area is modeled; and changing the state of the governing element of a portion of the specified area that corresponds to a point where information about the comparison result for that point satisfies a specified condition.

10. An information processing method realized by a calculation unit, a configuration unit, and an output unit, a calculation step in which the calculation unit uses a distributed water circulation model that models the circulation state of water resources in the specified area, the distributed water circulation model being configured using a large number of meshes obtained by dividing a specified area into a grid, each of the meshes corresponding to location information that identifies a location, and a parameter group including two or more parameters that are applied to each of the meshes, to obtain a water balance calculation value regarding the balance of water resources corresponding to each of the meshes; a configuration step in which the configuration unit configures information on the circulation state of water resources at each point within the specified area based on the water balance calculation value corresponding to each of the meshes acquired by the calculation unit and the position information corresponding to each of the meshes; and an output step of outputting information regarding the circulation state of water resources at each point within the predetermined area configured by the configuration unit, An information processing method, wherein the information regarding the circulation state of water resources at each point within the specified area includes information regarding a comparison result between a value of a specified parameter representing the circulation state of water resources at each point and a specified threshold value.

11. A processor of the information processing device, a calculation unit that obtains a water balance calculation value relating to the balance of water resources corresponding to each mesh by using a distributed water circulation model that models the circulation state of water resources in the specified area, the distributed water circulation model being configured using a large number of meshes obtained by dividing a specified area into a grid shape, each of the meshes corresponding to location information that identifies a location, and a parameter group including two or more parameters that are applied to each of the meshes; and a configuration unit that configures information regarding the circulation state of water resources at each point within the specified area based on the water balance calculation value corresponding to each of the meshes acquired by the calculation unit and position information corresponding to each of the meshes; The component part is configured to function as an output part that outputs information regarding the circulation state of water resources at each point within the predetermined area, A program, wherein the information regarding the circulation state of water resources at each point within the specified area includes information regarding the result of comparing a value of a specified parameter representing the circulation state of water resources at each point with a specified threshold value.

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