Electronic Devices

Abstract

To provide a new electronic device.SOLUTION: The electronic device includes: a first housing having a first display device and a solar battery; a second housing having a second display device, a coil, an electric double-layer capacitor, a signal processing circuit, and a charge and discharge control circuit; and a hinge portion with which the electronic device can be folded so that a display surface of the first display device and a display surface of the second display device face each other. Power consumption of the display device can be reduced by switching between a normal driving mode (Normal mode) that operates at a normal frame frequency and an idling stop (IDS) driving mode that operates at a low frame frequency in accordance with a remaining capacity of the electric double-layer capacitor as a power storage device.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 7

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] One aspect of the present invention relates to an electronic device. [Background technology]

[0002] Electronic devices equipped with display devices are becoming more and more common. When used in a portable device, a secondary battery is used as the power source. This is useful for using electronic devices outdoors for long periods of time.

[0003] In Patent Document 1, in order to extend the period during which the secondary battery can supply power, the secondary battery is designed to be usable outdoors. The present invention discloses an electronic device equipped with a solar cell that allows charging of a battery. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] US Patent Application Publication No. 2012 / 120047 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] The electronic device having a display device and a solar cell can be used outdoors or indoors. When used outdoors, a reflective liquid crystal display device should be used as the display device. Although this method can improve visibility outdoors, it is possible that it may reduce visibility indoors. When using electronic devices indoors with secondary battery power, the display device should be a transmissive liquid crystal display. By adopting a display device having a self-luminous element (light-emitting device), it is possible to make it visible indoors. Although this improves the visibility, there is a risk of the visibility being reduced outdoors. In a configuration using a transmission type liquid crystal display device, the visibility indoors and outdoors is improved to a certain extent, but However, power consumption increases because the backlight is turned on uniformly behind the liquid crystal element. There was a risk.

[0006] In addition, to enhance the convenience of using electronic devices indoors or outdoors, It is effective to improve the portability of the electronic device. Reducing the weight of devices, especially secondary batteries, is an effective measure. For light-emitting devices, we aim to improve visibility both indoors and outdoors while reducing power consumption. This made it difficult to reduce the weight of secondary batteries.

[0007] One aspect of the present invention is to provide an electronic device having a solar cell and a display device. One object is to provide an electronic device with excellent visibility both outdoors and indoors.

[0008] One aspect of the present invention is to provide an electronic device including a solar cell and a display device. One object of the present invention is to provide an electronic device that is highly convenient, particularly highly portable.

[0009] The description of these problems does not preclude the existence of other problems. It is not necessary to solve all of these problems. Problems other than these may be solved by the specification, drawings, etc. The above will become apparent from the description of the specification, drawings, claims, etc. It is possible to extract other issues from the description. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] One embodiment of the present invention is a display device comprising a first housing having a solar cell and a first display device, and a second housing having a second display device. A first embodiment of the present invention has a charge / discharge control circuit, a coil, an electric double layer capacitor, a signal processing circuit, and a charge / discharge control circuit. The first and second housings are connected to a display surface of the first display device and a display surface of the second display device. The solar cell has a foldable structure so that the display surface of the display device faces the first surface. The first display device and the second display device are connected to a first housing on a surface thereof, the first housing being disposed on a rear side of the display surface of the second display device. Each of the display devices has a pixel, and the pixel has a liquid crystal element and a driving circuit for driving the liquid crystal element. The pixel circuit includes a first pixel circuit, a light emitting element, and a second pixel circuit for driving the light emitting element. The liquid crystal element has a reflective electrode with an opening, and can reflect external light to display gradations. The light-emitting element has a function of emitting light on the display surface through the opening, thereby enabling gray scale display. It is an electronic device that has the function of

[0011] One aspect of the present invention is a first housing having a solar cell, a first display device, and a first structure. a second display device, a coil, an electric double layer capacitor, a signal processing circuit, and a charge / discharge control circuit and a second housing having a second structure, the first housing and the second housing being The display device is foldable so that the display surface of the first display device faces the display surface of the second display device. The first housing and the second housing are arranged so that the first structure and the second structure face each other. The solar cell is disposed on the rear side of the display surface of the first display device. The first display device and the second display device are provided on the surface of the first housing, and each of the first display device and the second display device has pixels. The pixel includes a liquid crystal element, a first pixel circuit for driving the liquid crystal element, and a light emitting element. a second pixel circuit for driving the light-emitting element, and the liquid crystal element is a reflective layer having an aperture. The light-emitting element has an opening and a function of reflecting external light to display a gray scale. The display has a function of displaying gradations by emitting light onto the display surface through the liquid crystal display. It is an electronic device.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first pixel circuit and the second pixel circuit each include a transistor. The transistor has a semiconductor layer in which a channel formation region is formed, and an oxide semiconductor is used as the semiconductor layer. Preferably, the electronic device has

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, a coil, an electric double layer capacitor, a signal processing circuit, and a charge / discharge The power control circuit is preferably an electronic device provided within the second housing.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the charge / discharge control circuit includes a monitor circuit, The remaining capacity of the electric double layer capacitor is monitored, and the signal processing circuit outputs the A function of switching a period during which a voltage for performing gradation display to be written to the first pixel circuit is held. Preferred is an electronic device having

[0015] In one aspect of the present invention, a sensor is provided, the sensor having a function of detecting illuminance, The signal processing circuit has a first mode in which the liquid crystal element performs gray scale display in accordance with the illuminance, and a second mode in which the liquid crystal element and A second mode in which gradation is displayed by the light-emitting element, and a third mode in which gradation is displayed by the light-emitting element. An electronic device having the ability to switch between and is preferred.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first display device and the second display device are each a touch sensor. Preferably, the electronic device has a sensor.

[0017] The first structure and the second structure are preferably natural or synthetic rubber. The first structure and the second structure each have a Young's modulus of 1 MPa or more and 1 GPa or less. It is preferable that the first structure and the second structure include a magnetic material. stomach.

[0018] Other aspects of the present invention will be described in the following embodiments and and the drawings. Effect of the Invention

[0019] One aspect of the present invention is to provide an electronic device having a solar cell and a display device. It is possible to provide an electronic device with excellent visibility both indoors and outdoors.

[0020] One aspect of the present invention is to provide an electronic device including a solar cell and a display device. It is possible to provide an electronic device which is convenient, especially in terms of portability. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0021] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating an example of the configuration of an electronic device. [Diagram 2] 1A and 1B are a block diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of an electronic device and a schematic diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a pixel. [Diagram 3] FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating an example of the configuration of an electronic device. [Figure 4] 1A and 1B are a perspective view and a block diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of an electronic device. [Diagram 5] 1A and 1B are a perspective view and a block diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of an electronic device. [Figure 6] 1A and 1B are a block diagram and a circuit diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of an electronic device. [Figure 7] 1A-1C are block diagrams, graphs, and flow charts illustrating example configurations of electronic devices. [Figure 8] 1A to 1C are circuit diagrams illustrating an example of the configuration of an electronic device and timing charts of two driving modes. [Figure 9] 1A to 1C are a perspective view, a block diagram, a schematic diagram, and a state transition diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of an electronic device. [Figure 10] 1A and 1B are a block diagram and a perspective view illustrating an example of the configuration of an electronic device. [Figure 11] FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating an example of the configuration of an electronic device. [Figure 12] FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating an example of the configuration of an electronic device. [Figure 13] FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating an example of the configuration of an electronic device. [Figure 14] FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating an example of the configuration of an electronic device. [Figure 15] FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating an example of the configuration of an electronic device. [Figure 16] FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating an example of the configuration of an electronic device. [Figure 17] FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating an example of the configuration of an electronic device. [Figure 18] 1A and 1B are a block diagram and a circuit diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of an electronic device. [Figure 19] 1A and 1B are a circuit diagram and a layout diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of an electronic device. [Figure 20] 1A and 1B are a schematic cross-sectional view and a perspective view illustrating an example of the configuration of an electronic device. [Figure 21] 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration example of an electronic device. [Figure 22] 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration example of an electronic device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0022] Hereinafter, the embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings. It is understood that the present invention can be practiced in many different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made. The invention should not be construed as being limited to the description of the following embodiments.

[0023] In this specification, the term "metal oxide" refers to a metal in a broad sense. Metal oxides are oxide insulators and oxide conductors (including transparent oxide conductors). ), oxide semiconductor (also called oxide semiconductor or simply OS) For example, when a metal oxide is used in the semiconductor layer of a transistor, the Metal oxides are sometimes called oxide semiconductors. When the metal oxide has at least one of the functions of a metal oxide film and a switching function, the metal oxide film is Metal oxide semiconductor, abbreviated as OS In addition, when describing OS FET, it is possible to use a metal oxide or an oxide In other words, it can be called a transistor having a semiconductor.

[0024] In the present specification and the like, metal oxides having nitrogen are also referred to as metal oxides. Metal oxides containing nitrogen are also called metal oxynitrides (MEs). It may also be called tal oxynitride.

[0025] In the present specification, CAAC (c-axis aligned crystal l), and CAC (cloud-aligned composite) CAAC represents an example of a crystal structure, and CAC represents a function or a material configuration. Shows an example.

[0026] In the present specification and the like, CAC-OS or CAC-metal oxide means A part of the material has a conductive function and a part of the material has an insulating function, and the whole material has It functions as a semiconductor. When de is used in the semiconductor layer of a transistor, the conductive function is to transport the electrons ( The function of insulation is to allow the flow of electrons (carriers) and not allow the flow of electrons (electrons). By making the conductive function and the insulating function work in a complementary manner, The function to switch the settings (On / Off function) on CAC-OS or CAC-meta It can be added to CAC-OS or CAC-metal oxide. In the IDE, by separating the functions of each, we maximize the functionality of both. can be done.

[0027] In the present specification and the like, CAC-OS or CAC-metal oxide is The conductive region has the above-mentioned conductive function and the insulating function. The conductive region has the insulating function described above. The regions may be separated at the nanoparticle level. The conductive regions may be unevenly distributed in the material. They may be observed connected in a dot-like pattern.

[0028] In addition, in the CAC-OS or CAC-metal oxide, a conductive region and The insulating regions are each 0.5 nm to 10 nm, preferably 0.5 nm to 3 nm. They may be dispersed in the material at sizes of less than one millimeter.

[0029] In addition, CAC-OS or CAC-metal oxide has different band gaps For example, CAC-OS or CAC-metal ox The ide consists of a wide gap component due to the insulating region and a conductive region. In this configuration, when the carrier flows, In addition, carriers mainly flow in the narrow gap component. The component with a gap acts complementary to the component with a wide gap to produce a narrow gap. Carriers also flow to the wide gap component in conjunction with the component with a large gap. CAC-OS or CAC-metal oxide is used for the channel region of a transistor. When the transistor is in the on-state, the current drive capability is high, i.e., the on-current is large, and Therefore, a high field effect mobility can be obtained.

[0030] That is, CAC-OS or CAC-metal oxide is a matrix composite. matrix composite, or metal matrix composite It can also be called a composite matrix.

[0031] <Electronic device configuration> The configuration of the electronic device will be described with reference to FIGS.

[0032] 1A to 1C are perspective views for explaining a configuration example of an electronic device. FIG. 1A is a view of the electronic device 10 as seen from one side (front side). FIG. 1C is a diagram showing the child device 10 as viewed from the other side (rear side). FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of transforming 0.

[0033] The electronic device 10 of FIGS. 1(A) to 1(C) has a housing 100 and a housing 200. The housing 100 includes a display device 101 and a solar cell 102. The housing 200 includes the display device 201, coil 202, charge / discharge control circuit 203, electric double layer capacitor (Electri c Double-Layer Capacitor (EDLC) 204 and signal processing It has a circuit 205.

[0034] The electronic device 10 of FIGS. 1A to 1C includes a display surface of a display device 101 and a display device 20. The display device has a hinge portion 300 that can be folded so that the display surface of the display device 1 faces the display surface of the display device 1.

[0035] As shown in FIG. 1C, the hinge portion 300 opens and closes the housing 100 and the housing 200. The hinge mechanism may be a rotatable hinge mechanism or a The folding mechanism may be a combination of a removable hinge mechanism. By adopting such a configuration, the display surfaces of the display device 101 and the display device 201 can be mutually insulated from the outside. It can protect against impact.

[0036] The electronic device 10 of FIGS. 1A to 1C is a housing on the opposite side to the display surface of the display device 101. A body 100 has a solar cell 102 on its surface.

[0037] The electronic device 10 of FIG. 1A to FIG. 1C includes a coil 202 and a charge / discharge control circuit in a housing 200. The sensor includes a control circuit 203, an electric double layer capacitor 204, and a signal processing circuit 205.

[0038] FIG. 2A is a block diagram for explaining the configuration of the electronic device 10 shown in FIGS. 1A to 1C. FIG. 2B shows the pixel configuration of the display device 101 and the display device 201. FIG.

[0039] The electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 2A includes a housing 100 and a housing 200. The blocks in the body 100 and the housing 200 exchange signals and power with each other via wiring or the like. In Fig. 2(A), the flow of some signals and some power is shown as , is shown with an arrow.

[0040] The housing 100 includes a display device 101 and a solar cell 102 .

[0041] The display device 101 includes a display controller 111 and a pixel 112. The pixel 112 includes , a pixel circuit 11, a pixel circuit 12, a liquid crystal element 13, and a light-emitting element 14.

[0042] The housing 200 includes a display device 201, a coil 202, a charge / discharge control circuit 203, an electric double layer capacitor, and a The amplifier includes a capacitor 204 and a signal processing circuit 205 .

[0043] The display device 201 includes a display controller 211 and a pixel 212. The pixel 212 includes , pixel circuit 11, pixel circuit 12, liquid crystal element 13, and light-emitting element 14, as well as pixel 112. has.

[0044] The liquid crystal element 13 of the pixel 112 and the pixel 212 has a liquid crystal layer and a liquid crystal layer that applies an electric field to the liquid crystal layer. It has an electrode for applying a voltage and a reflective electrode.

[0045] The light-emitting element 14 of the pixel 112 and the pixel 212 is an organic electroluminescent element. EL (Electroluminescence) elements such as inorganic electroluminescence elements The light-emitting element 14 may be called an EL element. .

[0046] The charge / discharge control circuit 203 includes a reverse current prevention circuit 222, a rectification smoothing circuit 223, and a stabilization circuit 224 and a monitor circuit 225.

[0047] The signal processing circuit 205 includes a calculation device 231, an interface circuit 232, an interface The computer has a base circuit 233 and a system bus 235 .

[0048] Each of the above-mentioned configurations will be described below.

[0049] The solar cell 102 generates electricity when exposed to light outdoors. The obtained power is stored in the electric double layer capacitor 204 via the reverse current prevention circuit 222. The reverse current prevention circuit 222 is a circuit for preventing the stored power from flowing to the outside. The reverse current prevention circuit 222 can use a rectifying element such as a diode element.

[0050] The coil 202 obtains power from the outside by non-contact power supply such as electromagnetic induction. The power obtained by the non-contact power supply is fed to the electric double layer capacitor via the rectifier smoothing circuit 223. The rectifier / smoothing circuit 223 converts the AC voltage obtained by the coil 202 into The rectification and smoothing circuit 223 is a circuit for rectifying and smoothing the A rectifying element such as a rectifying element and a capacitive element can be used.

[0051] The electric double layer capacitor 204 is charged by storing electric charge and discharged by releasing electric charge. Therefore, the remaining charge (remaining capacity) can be accurately determined from the discharge voltage. In an electronic device having an electric double layer capacitor 204, the remaining capacity can be measured more accurately than in a secondary battery. You can switch the display mode according to the amount of remaining capacity. By switching the display mode, it is possible to reduce power consumption. Electronic devices that can be used for a long time can be used for a long time, which increases convenience. can be improved.

[0052] Secondary batteries are also used to convert electrical energy into chemical energy for charging or storing chemical energy. The energy is converted into electrical energy and discharged, but the electric double layer capacitor 204 is Charging and discharging are performed by storing and releasing electric charges, which are energy. The electric double layer capacitor 204 has a smaller power loss during charging and discharging than a secondary battery.

[0053] In addition, the electric double layer capacitor 204 has a smaller internal resistance than a secondary battery. In the electronic device 10 having the double layer capacitor 204, rapid charging and discharging is performed with a large current. It is possible to do so.

[0054] In addition, the electric double layer capacitor 204 is less susceptible to deterioration of its components due to charging and discharging. Therefore, the electronic device 10 having the electric double layer capacitor 204 has excellent cycle characteristics and a long life. It has a long life and can be charged and discharged safely in high-temperature or low-temperature environments.

[0055] The electronic device 10 according to one embodiment of the present invention is equipped with a solar cell 102 capable of generating electricity outdoors. Therefore, it can be configured to be rechargeable even when used outdoors, without compromising convenience. The electronic device 10 according to one embodiment of the present invention can be used indoors without any trouble. Therefore, it is possible to charge the device indoors. It is possible to configure the device so that it can be used while moving around, without compromising convenience. The electronic device according to one embodiment of the present invention is configured to be capable of being charged both indoors and outdoors. 10 is capable of using an electric double layer with a small energy capacity without compromising convenience. Therefore, the weight of electronic devices can be reduced compared to when secondary batteries are used as a power source. The electronic device 10 according to one embodiment of the present invention is an electronic device with excellent portability due to its light weight. It can be a chair.

[0056] In addition, the output voltage of the electric double layer capacitor 204 changes as the remaining capacity decreases. Therefore, the charge / discharge control circuit 203 stabilizes the output voltage and controls each of the housings 100 and 200. The stabilization circuit 224 is provided to supply the electric double layer capacitor. It has the function of boosting the output voltage of the capacitor 204 and outputting it as a stabilized voltage. The booster circuit 224 may be, for example, a boost switching regulator. .

[0057] The electric double layer capacitor 204 may include, for example, a negative electrode, a positive electrode, a separator, and an electrolyte. The electric double layer capacitor 204 is a coin type, a button type, or a wound type. The electric double layer capacitor 204 is formed by stacking a number of cells. It may be modularized.

[0058] The charge / discharge control circuit 203 is a monitor that monitors the output voltage of the electric double layer capacitor 204. The monitor circuit 225 detects the remaining capacity of the electric double layer capacitor 204. The monitor circuit 225 outputs a signal corresponding to the output voltage. The signal is output to the signal processing circuit 205. The signal processing circuit 205 controls the electric double layer capacitance in accordance with the output voltage. The remaining capacity of the display device 101, 201 is changed according to the remaining capacity. It is possible to perform control, etc.

[0059] The signal processing circuit 205 has a function of processing signals within the electronic device 10. The circuit 205 detects the residual voltage based on a signal corresponding to the output voltage obtained from the monitor circuit 225. A function to calculate the remaining capacity and control the display mode of the display device according to the remaining capacity, and a function to set separately A display mode of a display device is controlled in accordance with a signal output from a sensor that can receive the signal. Functions, etc.

[0060] The signal processing circuit 205 may have a memory circuit capable of storing data. The signal processing circuit 205 has a memory circuit outside thereof, and the signal processing circuit 205 has an interface circuit for the memory circuit. The signal processing circuit 205 may be configured to be capable of transmitting and receiving data to and from each circuit in the signal processing circuit 205 .

[0061] The computing device 231 may be configured to receive, for example, an address of a sensor, a monitor circuit, or a memory device. The necessary data is read by specifying the signal, and the data obtained by the calculation is output. 205, the interface circuit 232, the interface circuit 233 and the arithmetic unit 2 Signals are exchanged between the components 31 via a system bus 235 .

[0062] The arithmetic unit 231 intermittently stops computing during periods when no data is being input or output. It is preferable to configure the circuit so that power gating can be performed. A non-volatile register that retains data even when power is turned off. By configuring the arithmetic unit with a non-volatile register, the power supply can be regenerated. The non-volatile register can retain data before and after the power is supplied. A register that can retain data even when the operation is temporarily stopped.

[0063] As a nonvolatile register, a semiconductor layer in which a channel is formed has an oxide semiconductor. A resistor circuit using OS transistors is preferred. Since the leakage current (off-state current) of the OS transistor is extremely low when it is not conducting, By making the transistor non-conductive, the charge can be held at the floating node. The transistor is stacked with a transistor having silicon in the semiconductor layer (Si transistor). Therefore, the increase in the circuit area due to the provision of the OS transistor can be reduced. This can be done.

[0064] The off-state current of the OS transistor is small, so that the recording The memory element of the storage device may have a circuit configuration using OS transistors. As described above, OS transistors can be stacked with Si transistors. The memory element is formed of an OS transistor, and the drive circuit of the memory element is formed of a Si transistor. By stacking the elements, the circuit area can be reduced.

[0065] The interface circuit 232 and the interface circuit 233 are 5, the display device 101 and the display device 201 can receive signals from other circuits. or a function to convert the signal output from the display device 101 and the display device 201 into a and inputs it to the signal processing circuit 205. The circuit 232 and the interface circuit 233 are connected to the arithmetic unit 231 and the display unit 101 and and a function of relaying signals input / output between the display device 201 and the image forming apparatus 200.

[0066] An example of the interface circuit 232 and the interface circuit 233 is a DV I, HDMI (registered trademark), eDP, iDP, V-by-One HS, FPD-Lin Converts signals to interface standards such as kII and Advanced PPmL Examples of circuits that can achieve this include:

[0067] The display controllers 111 and 211 control the contents to be displayed on the pixels 112 and 212. It has the function of outputting a signal to drive the pixel according to the data. Although not shown in the figure, the display devices 101 and 201 drive the pixels 112 and 212. The display controllers 111 and 211 have a drive circuit for displaying images via the drive circuit. The pixel 112 and the pixel 212 can be driven.

[0068] Next, the pixel circuit 11, the pixel circuit 12, the liquid crystal element The pixel circuit 11 controls the gray scale of the liquid crystal element 13 and the light emitting element 14. The pixel circuit 12 is a circuit for controlling display. The pixel circuit 12 controls the gray scale display of the light emitting element 14. The liquid crystal element 13 has a reflective electrode. The intensity of the reflected light is adjusted to display gradations. The light emitting element 14 adjusts the amount of current flowing between the electrodes. This controls the light emission and displays gradations.

[0069] In the schematic diagram of the pixel 112 (or pixel 212) shown in FIG. 2B, a pixel circuit 11, a pixel The circuit 12, the liquid crystal element 13, and the light-emitting element 14 are arranged as shown in FIG. The element 13 has an aperture 15. This aperture 15 represents an aperture provided in the reflective electrode. The light-emitting element 14 shown in FIG. 2B is provided so as to overlap with the opening 15 of the liquid crystal element 13. The pixel circuit 11 and the pixel circuit 12 shown in FIG. 2B are layers in which the liquid crystal element 13 is provided. The light emitting element 14 is provided between the layers. The pixel circuit 12 may be provided in different layers.

[0070] By adopting the configuration shown in FIG. 2B, the pixel 112 (or the pixel 212) is a liquid crystal element 13 The intensity of the reflected light 16 is controlled by the aperture 15, and the intensity of the light 17 emitted by the light emitting element 14 is controlled by the aperture 15. By controlling the direction and angle of the reflected light 16, it is possible to perform gradation display. The direction in which the light 17 emitted by the light emitting element 14 is emitted is determined by the display device 101 (or the display device 201) will be displayed.

[0071] In the configuration shown in FIG. 2B, the pixel circuit 11 and A circuit for driving the pixel, such as the pixel circuit 12, can be arranged. The decrease in the aperture ratio due to the increase in the number of pixel circuits 12 for driving the optical elements 14 can be suppressed. Cut.

[0072] In the configuration shown in FIG. 2B, the liquid crystal element has a reflective electrode, which reflects light from the outside. The intensity of the incident light is adjusted to display a gray scale. The electronic device thus provided can improve visibility outdoors.

[0073] In the configuration shown in FIG. 2B, the intensity of the light 17 emitted by the light emitting element 14 is adjusted to produce a gray scale display. Therefore, an electronic device having a display device having the pixel shown in FIG. This can improve visibility indoors where the intensity is low.

[0074] In addition, the liquid crystal element 13 is controlled outdoors to display a picture, or the light emitting element 14 is controlled indoors. The control and display configuration is provided with a sensor capable of measuring illuminance near the display device of the electronic device 10. In this case, a configuration in which a sensor is provided and switching is performed according to the illuminance obtained by the sensor is adopted. The display device of the electronic device may include at least one of a liquid crystal element and a light emitting element. Therefore, it is necessary to control both the liquid crystal element and the light emitting element to display the gradation. In this case, either the liquid crystal element or the light emitting element may be used. This is preferable because it is possible to improve visibility compared to the case where only one gradation is displayed.

[0075] In the configuration shown in FIG. 2B, the liquid crystal element 13 can be controlled for each pixel. The pixel circuit 12 can control a pixel circuit 11 and a light-emitting element 14. The gray scale display of the liquid crystal element and the light emitting element can be controlled separately for each element. Unlike backlight control, which lights up multiple pixels uniformly, the configuration Since the light emission of the light-emitting element can be controlled at the smallest unit such as pixel level, Therefore, the electronic device having the display device having the pixel shown in FIG. The device can achieve low power consumption.

[0076] The pixel circuit 11 and the pixel circuit 12 each have a transistor for controlling gradation display. It is preferable to use the above-mentioned OS transistor as the transistor. As described above, the off-state current of the OS transistor is extremely low. When displaying still images on a device, it is necessary to hold the charge corresponding to the image data in the pixel circuit for a long period of time. By configuring the pixel circuit to hold a charge according to image data for a long period of time, Since the frequency of rewriting (refreshing) the memory can be reduced, power consumption can be reduced.

[0077] The electronic device 10 described above is an electronic device with excellent visibility, not only for indoors but also outdoors. In addition, the electronic device 10 described above is highly convenient and can be used as a It is possible to provide an electronic device with excellent portability.

[0078] <Electronic device form 1> The electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 will be described with reference to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4. He explains.

[0079] 3A to 3C show an electronic device 1 that utilizes power generation by a solar cell 102. FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating the form of No. 0.

[0080] For example, the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 3B and 3C, the display surface of the display device 101 is The solar cell on the back side of the device is adjusted so that external light is irradiated.

[0081] In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3B, while visually checking the display surfaces of the display device 101 and the display device 201, The solar cell 102 on the back side of the display surface of the display device 101 is irradiated with external light to generate electricity. For example, image data written by the display device 101 and the display device 201 can be The display is performed while stopping the power consumption associated with rewriting image data by holding the In addition, it is possible to charge the electric double layer capacitor.

[0082] In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3C, the display surfaces of the display device 101 and the display device 201 are not visually recognized. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3C, the display device 1 The charging of the electric double layer capacitor was performed while the power consumption of the display device 201 and the display device 201 was stopped. FIG. 4(A) shows a solar cell 102 in the form of FIG. 3(C). A perspective view of 310 is shown as it is illuminated.

[0083] FIG. 4B shows the electric power generated by irradiating the solar cell 102 with external light. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration when charging a capacitor, extracted from FIG.

[0084] As shown in FIG. 4B, the reverse current prevention circuit 222 and the electric double layer capacitor 20 4 is preferably provided on the side of the housing 200, which is a different housing from the solar cell 102. This configuration makes it possible to increase the weight of the circuitry on the housing 200 side. Therefore, when the housing 100 is lifted and the lower surface of the housing 200 is placed on a support base for operation, the housing 100 is secured securely. The quality can be improved.

[0085] As shown in FIG. 4C, a reverse current prevention circuit 222 and an electric double layer capacitor In addition to 204, a reverse current prevention circuit 122 and an electric double layer capacitor 12 are provided on the housing 100 side. Although not shown, a signal processing circuit and a charge / discharge control circuit may be provided. The circuit configuration is provided on the housing 100 side separately from that on the housing 200 side. With this configuration, the electric double layer capacitor 121 serving as the electricity storage means can be provided. Thus, the electronic device can be used with the housing 100 and the housing 200 separated. It is possible.

[0086] <Electronic device type 2> The electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 has a different configuration from that shown in FIG. This embodiment will be described with reference to Figs. 5 and 6.

[0087] FIG. 5A illustrates a form of an electronic device 10 when power is supplied by contactless power supply. FIG.

[0088] FIG. 5A shows a non-contact power supply device for non-contact power supply to a coil 202 on a housing 200 side. 5A shows the electronic device 1 described in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2. The housing 200 includes a coil 202, a charge / discharge control circuit 203, and an electric double layer capacitor. The electronic device 10 includes a coil 20 and a phase transformer 204 and a signal processing circuit 205. The housing 200 side having the casing 202 can be placed on the non-contact power supply device 400 to perform non-contact power supply. .

[0089] In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5A, while visually checking the display surfaces of the display device 101 and the display device 201, The electric double layer capacitor 204 is charged via the coil 202 on the housing 200 side. For example, image data written by the display device 101 and the display device 201 can be The display is performed while stopping the power consumption associated with rewriting image data by holding the In addition, it is possible to charge the electric double layer capacitor.

[0090] The electronic device 10 may be closed as shown in FIG. 3C. In this state, the electronic device 10 is placed on the non-contact power supply device 400, and the power generated by the solar cell is supplied to the It is possible to simultaneously charge the battery and charge the electric double layer capacitor 204 .

[0091] FIG. 5B shows a case where the electric double layer capacitor 204 is charged using the non-contact power supply device 400. As shown in FIG. 5(B), The device 400 includes an AC power source 401 and a coil 402. The configuration of the 00 side includes a coil 202, a rectifying and smoothing circuit 223, and an electric double layer capacitor. 204 is shown.

[0092] As shown in FIG. 5B, the non-contact power supply device 400 is powered by an AC power supply 401. By passing a current through the coil 402, electromagnetic induction occurs between the coil 202 and the coil 402. The power received by the coil 202 is Since it is an AC signal, it is rectified and smoothed by the rectification and smoothing circuit 223, and then The layer capacitor 204 can be charged.

[0093] The electric double layer capacitor 204 is charged by storing electric charge and discharges the electric charge. Therefore, the voltage output from the electric double layer capacitor 204 is 01, the display device 201, and the signal processing circuit 205 in each circuit in the electronic device 10. When supplying it, it is necessary to convert it into a stable voltage before outputting it.

[0094] In FIG. 6A, an electric double layer capacitor 204 supplies a voltage to each circuit in the electronic device 10. FIG. 6A shows a block diagram of a display device 101, a display device 201, and In addition to the circuits in the electronic device 10, such as the signal processing circuit 205, the electric double layer capacitor 2 04 and stabilization circuit 224 are shown.

[0095] The stabilization circuit 224 regulates the output voltage of the electric double layer capacitor 204, which varies depending on the remaining capacity. Pressure V EDLC The regulated voltage V REG As the stabilization circuit 224, It is preferable that the power supply voltage be configured by a circuit capable of boosting and outputting an input voltage, such as a boost circuit. stomach.

[0096] FIG. 6B shows a step-up switching regulator as an example of the stabilization circuit 224. The circuit diagram of switching regulator 224A is shown. 41, a transistor 242, a diode 243, a capacitor 244 and a resistor element 245 The control signal EN applied to the gate of the transistor 242 has a voltage V REG Depending on the value of This is a signal given according to the

[0097] The voltage V generated by the stabilization circuit 224 REG is required for each circuit in the electronic device 10. It is preferable to configure the stabilization circuit 224 so that the voltage is increased or decreased to a desired voltage. This eliminates the need to generate multiple voltages required by each circuit in the electronic device 10. Therefore, the circuit area of ​​stabilization circuit 224 can be reduced.

[0098] <Operation mode of electronic device> The mode of operation of the electronic device will now be described with reference to FIGS.

[0099] The electronic device 10 switches the operation mode depending on the remaining capacity of the electric double layer capacitor. In the block diagram of FIG. 7(A), an electric double layer capacitor 204, a monitor A circuit 225 and a computing device 231 are shown.

[0100] In FIG. 7A, a monitor circuit 225 monitors the output voltage V EDLC Signal S according to F The monitor circuit 225 has a function of generating an analog Logarithmic output voltage V EDLC to the signal S, which is a digital signal with a digital value F It can output An analog-to-digital conversion circuit or the like can be used. The arithmetic unit 231 receives the signal S F Depending on It has the function of switching the display mode.

[0101] FIG. 7B shows the power consumption versus time in the electric double layer capacitor 204. Power voltage V EDLC The graph in Fig. 7(B) shows the change in the voltage value of the battery when the remaining capacity is at its maximum. When V is the output voltage EDLC Voltage V FU After a certain period of time, the remaining capacity is reduced by power consumption. The change in the quantity causes a voltage V FU The output voltage V EDLC Voltage V IDS As shown in the figure It shows.

[0102] FIG. 7C shows the output voltage V EDLC Display according to changes in 1 is an example of a flowchart for explaining a change in the display mode in the device 101 or 201. The display devices 101 and 201 can operate at a normal frame frequency as a display mode. There are two drive modes: Normal mode, which operates at a slow frame rate, and Low mode, which operates at a slow frame rate. We will explain these driving modes, including idle stop (IDS) and

[0103] In addition, the Idling Stop (IDS) operation is performed when the image data writing process is executed. This is a driving method in which the rewriting of image data is stopped after the image data is written. By writing the image data in the memory and then extending the interval until the next image data is written, It is possible to reduce the power consumption required for writing data.

[0104] The normal driving mode and the idle stop (IDS) driving mode described above are shown in Fig. An example will be explained in 8(A) to (C).

[0105] FIG. 8A shows a circuit diagram of a pixel that is composed of a liquid crystal element 13 and a pixel circuit 11. In FIG. 8A, a transistor M1 connected to a signal line SL and a gate line GL, Capacitive element Cs LC and a liquid crystal element LC.

[0106] FIG. 8B shows the signals applied to the signal line SL and the gate line GL in the normal drive mode. 1 is a timing chart showing the waveform of a signal. In the normal drive mode, the normal frame frequency ( For example, 60 Hz. If one frame period is represented by periods T1 to T3, each frame During this period, a scanning signal is applied to the gate line, and data D1 from the signal line is written to the pixel. In the above operation, even if the same data D1 is written in the periods T1 to T3, different data The same is true even when writing

[0107] On the other hand, Fig. 8(C) shows the signal line SL and gate 6 is a timing chart showing the waveforms of the signals given to the idle line GL. In the IDS drive, the image sensor operates at a slow frame frequency (for example, 1 Hz). The frame period is represented as T1, and the data writing period is represented as T W , data retention period Between periods T RET The idle stop (IDS) drive is performed during the period T W At the gate A scanning signal is applied to the line, data D1 of the signal line is written to the pixel, and during the period T RET Gate line with The data is written once with the transistor M1 fixed to a low-level voltage and the transistor M1 in a non-conducting state. An operation is performed to hold D1 in the pixel.

[0108] Figure 7(C) shows the normal driving mode and the idle stop (IDS) driving mode. The flowchart for switching is shown below.

[0109] In the flowchart shown in FIG. 7(C), the output voltage V EDLC is the voltage V FU It becomes ( Step S11) This indicates that the remaining capacity of the electric double layer capacitor 204 is sufficient. In this state, the display device is controlled to be in the normal drive mode (step S12).

[0110] Then the output voltage V EDLC The voltage is acquired by the monitor circuit 225, and the acquired output voltage V EDLC The signal S corresponding to F Based on this, the output voltage V EDLC is the voltage V IDS Whether it falls below It is determined whether the output voltage V EDLC is high enough and there is sufficient remaining capacity In this state, step S12 in the normal driving mode is continued. EDLC is the voltage V IDS If the temperature drops below this level, the display will switch to idle stop (IDS) mode. The control is performed so as to:

[0111] In this way, the display mode can be switched according to the remaining capacity of the electric double layer capacitor. In particular, in one embodiment of the present invention, a power storage device including an electric double layer capacitor can be used. Therefore, it is possible to switch the display mode according to the remaining capacity more accurately than with secondary batteries. The electronic device is capable of reducing the power consumption of the display device according to the remaining capacity that can be accurately grasped. The device improves convenience by allowing users to use electronic devices for longer periods of time. can be done.

[0112] The electronic device 10 also switches its operation mode depending on the illuminance around the electronic device 10. The perspective view of FIG. 9(A) shows a sensor 234 having a function of measuring illuminance. 1 is an example of an electronic device 10B having the same structure.

[0113] The electronic device 10B detects, based on the signal including the illuminance information acquired by the sensor 234, The operation mode can be switched. In the block diagram of FIG. 9(B), the sensor 234 and and a computing device 231.

[0114] In FIG. 9B, the sensor 234 outputs a signal S ILL Generate The arithmetic unit 231 receives a signal S ILL The function to switch the display mode depending on Yes.

[0115] 9(C) to (E) are diagrams for explaining the display modes that the display device can take depending on the illuminance. 9(C) to (E) are schematic diagrams of pixels for detecting the pixel state in the same manner as in FIG. 2, a pixel circuit 11, a pixel circuit 12, a liquid crystal element 13, a light emitting element 14, an opening 15, and a liquid crystal element 1 3 and the light emitting element 14 emitted from the opening 15. Illustrated is light 17 emitted by the

[0116] The display modes that the display devices 101 and 201 can take are shown in FIGS. , reflective liquid crystal display mode (R-LC mode) and reflective liquid crystal + EL display mode (R-LC The following describes the EL display mode (EL mode) and the EL display mode (EL mode).

[0117] In the reflective LCD mode, the liquid crystal element in the pixel is driven to adjust the intensity of the reflected light to produce gray scales. Specifically, the liquid crystal element is arranged as shown in the schematic diagram of the pixel in FIG. The intensity of the reflected light 16 is adjusted by a reflective electrode of the element 13 to display gray scales.

[0118] The reflective LCD + EL display mode (R-LC+EL mode) is a mode in which the driving of the liquid crystal element and the light-emitting element By driving the element, both the intensity of the reflected light and the intensity of the light from the light-emitting element are adjusted to display gradations. Specifically, as shown in the schematic diagram of a pixel in FIG. The intensity of the reflected light 16 from the reflective electrode and the intensity of the light 17 emitted from the light emitting element 14 through the aperture 15 are The gradation display is performed by adjusting and .

[0119] The EL display mode drives the light emitting element to adjust the light intensity and display the gray scale. Specifically, as shown in the schematic diagram of a pixel in FIG. The intensity of the light 17 emitted from the aperture 15 of the element 14 is adjusted to perform gradation display.

[0120] FIG. 9(F) shows the three modes mentioned above (reflective LCD display mode, reflective LCD + EL display mode). The state transition diagram of the reflective LCD display mode is shown in Fig. 1. State C1 represents the reflective LCD display mode, and state State C2 represents the reflective liquid crystal+EL display mode, and state C3 represents the EL display mode.

[0121] As shown in FIG. 9(F), the display state is one of states C1 to C3 depending on the illuminance. For example, when the illuminance is high, such as outdoors, the state can be C1. When the illuminance decreases, such as when moving from outdoors to indoors, the state transitions from state C1 to state C3. Even indoors, if the illuminance is high and gradation display is possible using reflected light, the state changes from C3 to C4. The state transitions to C2.

[0122] As described above, by switching the display mode depending on the illuminance, power consumption is comparatively Therefore, the frequency of gray scale display depending on the light intensity of the light emitting element, which is comparatively large, can be reduced. The power consumption of the child device can be reduced. In the +EL display mode, the idle stop (IDS) By combining this with the drive mode, further reduction in power consumption can be achieved.

[0123] <Example of configuration of electronic device equipped with touch sensor> In the display device 101 and the display device 201 described with reference to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, An example of the configuration of an electronic device including the sensor will be described with reference to FIG.

[0124] FIG. 10A shows a display device 101A to which a touch sensor is applied in the display device 101. FIG. 10B is an example of a block diagram of the display device 201. 1 is an example of a block diagram of a display device 201A to which a sensor is applied.

[0125] In FIG. 10A, a display device 101A has the same configuration as the display device 101 described in FIG. , a touch sensor controller 113 and a touch sensor 114. Similarly, FIG. In (B), a display device 201A has the same configuration as the display device 201 described in FIG. It has a sensor controller 213 and a touch sensor 214 .

[0126] The touch sensor 114 and the touch sensor 214 may be a resistive sensor in addition to a capacitive sensor. A membrane type, ultrasonic type, optical type, or other touch sensor can be used. It is possible to form a detection element for use in an optical method on the same substrate as the transistors of the pixels. This allows the manufacturing costs to be reduced.

[0127] FIG. 10C shows a display device equipped with a function for detecting an object by a touch sensor. FIG. 10C shows an example of a usage pattern of the electronic device. 10C shows an electronic device 10D having a display device 201A. 3 illustrates a detection object 320, which is, for example, tracing characters displayed on the display device 201A. It is possible to draw a marker 330 with

[0128] <Modifications of Electronic Devices> The electronic device 10A, the electronic device 10B, and the electronic device 10B each have a different configuration from the electronic device 10. The child device 10C and the electronic device 10D will be described with reference to the drawings. In order to reduce repetition of the description, the following mainly describes the differences from the electronic device 10. For configurations that are not explained in detail below, please refer to this specification.

[0129] [Modification 1: Electronic Device 10A] FIG. 11A is a perspective view of the electronic device 10A as seen from one side (front side). FIG. 12(A) is a perspective view of the electronic device 10A as seen from the other side (rear side). 11(B), 11(C), 12(B), and 12(C) show the electronic device 10A after modification. FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing an example of the shaping.

[0130] Similar to electronic device 10, electronic device 10A has a housing 100 and a housing 200. The housing 100 has a display device 101 on the front side and a solar cell 102 on the back side. The housing 200 has a display device 201 on the front side. 202, a charge / discharge control circuit 203, an electric double layer capacitor 204, and a signal processing circuit 20 Has 5.

[0131] The electronic device 10A also has a hinge portion 300. The housing 100 is folded so that the front side of the housing 200 faces the front side of the housing 100, with the portion 300 as a fulcrum. In other words, the display surface of the display device 101 and the display surface of the display device 201 can be folded. The housing 100 can be folded so that the two sides face each other (see FIG. 11(C)). It can also be folded so that the back side faces the back side of the housing 200 (see FIG. 12(C)). Light. ).

[0132] In addition, the electronic device 10A has structures 13 on the front side of the housing 100 and the front side of the housing 200. In the electronic device 10A, the four corners on the front side of the housing 100 and the housing Structures 131a are provided at a total of eight locations on the four corners of the front surface of the substrate 200. In the case 10A, the structure 131b is provided on the back side of the housing 100 and the back side of the housing 200. In the electronic device 10A, the four corners on the rear side of the housing 100 and the four corners on the rear side of the housing 200 are The structures 131b are provided at eight locations in total.

[0133] Examples of materials used for the structures 131a and 131b include rubber and plastic. For example, the structure 131 may be made of a fluororesin. In particular, the structure 131a and the structure 131b may be made of a material such as acrylic resin or polyimide. It is preferable to use an elastic material such as natural rubber or synthetic rubber for the structure 131b. Specifically, the structure 131a and the structure 131b have a Young's modulus of 1 MPa or more and 1 GPa or less. Preferably, the pressure is 1 MPa or more and 500 MPa or less, and more preferably, the pressure is 1 MPa or more and 100 MPa or less. Use an elastic material with a value of less than Pa.

[0134] The structures 131a and 131b are adapted to withstand the impact when the electronic device 10A is folded. The deformation of the structures 131a and 131b is transmitted to the housing. Therefore, the Young's modulus of the structures 131a and 131b is large. If the thickness is too large, deformation due to impact will be difficult to occur, and it will be difficult to obtain the effect of mitigating the impact. However, if the Young's modulus of the structures 131a and 131b is too small, they will be deformed by impact. Therefore, it is difficult to obtain the effect of mitigating the impact.

[0135] The structure 131a and the structure 131b having a suitable Young's modulus are provided for the electronic device 10A. By providing the electronic device 10A, the shock generated when the electronic device 10A is folded can be reduced. Therefore, the reliability of the electronic device 10A can be improved. do.

[0136] In addition, the structure 131a and the structure 131b may be made of an alnico magnet, a ferrite magnet, or a sintered body. We offer a wide range of magnetic materials, including lithium cobalt magnets, neodymium iron boron magnets, and samarium iron nitrogen magnets. A single species or a mixture of multiple species may be used.

[0137] For example, the structure 131a on the housing 100 and the structure 131a on the housing 200 are electrically The child device 10A is arranged so as to overlap when folded, and a magnetic material is used as the structure 131a. By using a material containing the inorganic filler, the electronic device 10A can be folded reliably. In addition, it is possible to prevent the folded electronic device 10A from being unfolded unintentionally. The structure 131b is similar to the structure 131a.

[0138] A structure 131a on the housing 100 that is paired with the electronic device 10A when the electronic device 10A is folded, and The structure 131a on the housing 200 is placed on an attraction portion 135 to which a magnet can be attracted. The housing 100 and / or the housing 200 may be replaced with a magnet. In the case where the material includes a material that can be adsorbed, the structure 131a on the housing 100 or the structure 200 on the housing 200 is The structure 131a may not be provided. Same as 131a.

[0139] 14(A) and (B) show examples of how the electronic device 10A is used. Therefore, the angle between the display device 101 and the display device 201 can be adjusted relatively. The display device 101 and the display device 201 can be positioned at an angle desired by the user 151 (see FIG. 14(A). In addition, the display device 101 and the display device 201 are arranged so that their back faces face each other. By arranging the electronic device 10A in the direction, the user 151 and the user 152 can use the electronic device 10A at the same time. In FIG. 14B, a user 151 can 201 illustrates an example of a user 152 using the display device 101.

[0140] [Modification 2: Electronic Device 10B] FIG. 15(A) is a perspective view of the electronic device 10B as seen from one side (front side). 15(B) is a perspective view showing an example of the electronic device 10B after it has been deformed.

[0141] There is no particular limitation on the shape of the structures 131a and 131b. Sometimes, the shape of the structures 131a and 131b may be circular, elliptical, rectangular, or multi-layered. It may be a square shape, or a shape that combines curved lines and straight lines.

[0142] As shown in FIGS. 15A and 15B, the linear structures 131c are attached to the outer edge of the front surface of the housing 100. Similarly, the linear structure 131c may be provided along the outer edge of the front surface of the housing 200. Although not shown, the housing 100 and the housing 200 may be provided on their rear surfaces. A structure 131c may be provided. By increasing the installation area of ​​the structure 131c, The shock absorbing effect when the case 10A is folded can be improved. By increasing the footprint of the structure 131c, the folded electronic device 10A can be prevented from being unintentionally folded. The effect of preventing sudden deployment can be enhanced. The structure 131b can be formed using the same material as the structure 131b.

[0143] [Modification 3: Electronic Device 10C] FIG. 16A is a perspective view of the electronic device 10C as seen from one side (front side). 16(B) and 16(C) are perspective views showing an example of the electronic device 10C after it has been deformed. do.

[0144] In the method in which the housing 100 and the housing 200 are provided with independent display devices, When an image is displayed with the chair open, a gap appears in the display area where the image is displayed. In the electronic device 10C, the display device 101 and the display device 201 are replaced with a housing 1. A display device 251 is provided that is hung on the housing 200 and the housing 100. 00 and a region that overlaps with housing 200.

[0145] The display device 251 is a flexible display device. By using the above, it is possible to provide a display device beyond the area where the housing 100 and the housing 200 are adjacent to each other. Since the display device 251 is flexible, it can be displayed even when the electronic device 10C is folded. In addition, even if an image is displayed while the electronic device 10C is open, the display is not easily damaged. Since there are no gaps in the display area, the display quality can be improved.

[0146] [Modification 4: Electronic Device 10D] 17(A) and (B) are perspective views of an electronic device 10D. 10A and 10B are perspective views showing an example of an electronic device 10D after it has been deformed.

[0147] The electronic device 10D has a display device 105 on the back side of the housing 100. The display device 106L is located on one side of the housing 100, and the display device 106R is located on the other side of the housing 100. In addition, the housing 200 has a display device 206L on one side thereof, and a display device 206B on the other side thereof. In addition, although not shown, a display device 206R is provided on the rear side of the housing 200. may be provided.

[0148] By increasing the number of display devices used, the visibility and operability of electronic devices can be improved. do.

[0149] <Example of display device configuration> The display devices can take a variety of forms or have a variety of display elements. In addition, the number of display elements used in one display device is not limited to one type. A combination of different display elements may be used. Light-emitting diode (EL) elements (EL elements containing organic and inorganic substances, organic EL elements, inorganic EL element), LED (white LED, red LED, green LED, blue LED, etc.), depending on the current Light-emitting transistors, electron-emitting devices, liquid crystal devices, electronic ink, electrophoretic devices, gray Light bulbs (GLV), Microelectromechanical systems (ME Display elements using digital micromirror devices (DMDs), digital Kuroshutter (DMS), MIRASOL (registered trademark), Interferometric Modulation (IMOD) element, shutter-type MEMS display element, optical interference method MEMS display elements, electrowetting elements, piezoelectric ceramic displays, Carbon nanotube display elements, etc., are used to display contrast information by electrical or magnetic effects. There are display media that change in thickness, brightness, reflectance, transmittance, etc. Dots may also be used. Micro LED (micro LED, mLED) as a display element ) may also be used.

[0150] An example of a display device using an EL element is an EL display. An example of a display device using electrons is a field emission display (FED). or surface-conductive electron-emitting display (SED) Quantum dots are used in An example of a display device using this technology is a quantum dot display. An example of a display device is a liquid crystal display (transmissive liquid crystal display, semi-transmissive liquid crystal display, etc.). LCD, reflective LCD, direct-view LCD, projection LCD Display using electronic ink, electronic liquid powder, or electrophoretic elements. An example of a display device is an electronic paper. A display device is also a plasma display. The display may be a PDP.

[0151] In order to realize a semi-transmissive or reflective LCD, the pixels A part or the whole of the electrode may function as a reflective electrode. For example, A part or the whole of the pixel electrode may be made of aluminum, silver, etc. In this case, it is also possible to provide a memory circuit such as an SRAM under the reflective electrode. This makes it possible to further reduce power consumption.

[0152] When using LEDs, graphene or graphene is placed under the LED electrodes or nitride semiconductor. Graphene and graphite can be arranged in layers to form a multilayer film. In this way, by providing graphene or graphite, it is possible to form a nitride layer on the graphene or graphite. It is possible to easily form a film of a semiconductor such as an n-type GaN semiconductor layer having a crystal structure. Furthermore, a p-type GaN semiconductor layer having crystals is formed on top of it to form an LED. In addition, graphene or graphite and a crystal-containing n-type GaN semiconductor layer can be used. An AlN layer may be provided between the GaN layer and the GaN layer. (Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition However, by providing graphene, the GaN semiconductor of the LED can be formed. The conductor layer can also be formed by sputtering.

[0153] A configuration example of the display device will be described with reference to FIG. 18 to FIG.

[0154] FIG. 18A is an example of a block diagram of a pixel portion and peripheral circuits of a display device. In FIG. 6A, a pixel section 601, a gate line driving circuit 602, a gate line driving circuit 603, a signal line A drive circuit 604 is shown.

[0155] The pixel section 601 has a plurality of pixels, for example, pixels arranged in m rows and n columns (m and n are both natural numbers). In FIG. 18(A), a pixel in an arbitrary row and column is jth row and kth column (j is a natural number less than m). , k is a natural number equal to or less than n) is illustrated as pixel 112.

[0156] The pixel 112 is not only applicable to driving the pixel of a monochrome display device, but also to driving a color display device. The present invention can be applied to the pixels of a color display device. corresponds to the sub-pixel when the color elements are the three colors RGB (R stands for red, G stands for green, and B stands for blue). The number of sub-pixels that make up one pixel is not limited to three. For example, the R sub-pixel One pixel is made up of four subpixels: G, B, and W (white). Or, like the Pentile arrangement, one color is composed of two colors of RGB. The elements may be configured by selecting two different colors depending on the color element.

[0157] The gate line driving circuit 602 drives the gate line GL LC [j] has the function of transmitting a scanning signal Gate line GL LC [j] indicates a scanning signal output by the gate line driving circuit 602 to the pixel 112 Gate line GL LC The scanning signal given to [j] is the signal line SL LC Given to [k] This is a signal for writing a gray scale voltage to a pixel.

[0158] The gate line driving circuit 603 drives the gate line GL EL [j] has the function of transmitting a scanning signal Gate line GL EL [j] indicates a scanning signal output by the gate line driving circuit 603 to the pixel 112 Gate line GL EL The scanning signal given to [j] is the signal line SL EL Given to [k] This is a signal for writing a gray scale voltage to the pixel 112 .

[0159] The signal line driver circuit 604 drives the signal line SL LC [k] Drive the liquid crystal element of pixel 112 The signal line driver circuit 604 has a function of transmitting a gray scale voltage for driving the signal line SL E L [k] has a function of transmitting a grayscale voltage for driving a light-emitting element of the pixel 112 . Signal line SL LC [k] is a signal that the gate line driving circuit 603 outputs to the pixel 112. Gate line GL EL The scanning signal given to [j] is the signal line SL EL The floor given to [k] This is a signal for writing the adjusted voltage to the pixel 112.

[0160] The gate line driving circuit 602, the gate line driving circuit 603, and the signal line driving circuit 604 are Various signals required for driving (clock signal, start pulse, gradation voltage) are input. do.

[0161] The pixel 112 will now be described. FIG. 18B is an example of a circuit diagram of the pixel 112. The pixel 112 includes the pixel circuit 11, the pixel circuit 12, the liquid crystal element 13, and the light emitting element 114 as described with reference to FIG. It has an optical element 14.

[0162] In FIG. 18B, the pixel circuit 11 includes a transistor M1 and a capacitance element Cs LC of The liquid crystal element 13 includes a liquid crystal element LC. The pixel circuit 12 includes a transistor M2, M3 and capacitance element Cs EL The light-emitting element 14 has a light-emitting element EL. As shown in FIG. 18B, each element of the element 12 is connected to the gate line GL LC [j], gate line GL EL [j], signal line SL LC [k], signal line SL EL [k], capacitance line L CS , current supply Feeding line L ano , and the common potential line Lcas is connected to.

[0163] The capacitance element Cs EL The transistor M3 supplies a gray scale voltage for driving the light emitting element EL. By using such a configuration, the light-emitting element EL is driven This makes it possible to more reliably hold the grayscale voltage for operating the device.

[0164] The transistor M3 is a transistor having a back gate. By using this structure, the amount of current flowing through the transistor can be increased. The voltage applied to the gate may be provided from a separate wiring. In this way, the threshold voltage of the transistor can be controlled.

[0165] The transistor M1 controls the conductive state to produce a gray scale for driving the liquid crystal element LC. Voltage is applied to the capacitance element Cs LC The transistor M2 controls the conduction state to generate A grayscale voltage for driving the light element EL is applied to the gate of the transistor M3. The current supply line L ano and the common potential line L cas Current between is supplied to drive the light-emitting element EL.

[0166] The transistors M1 to M3 can be n-channel transistors. By changing the magnitude relationship of the voltages of each wiring, p-channel transistors can be The semiconductor material of the transistors M1 to M3 is silicon. Silicon can be single crystal silicon, polysilicon, microcrystalline silicon, or Alternatively, amorphous silicon or the like can be appropriately selected and used.

[0167] Alternatively, an oxide semiconductor may be used as a semiconductor material of the transistors M1 to M3. The oxide semiconductor may be an oxide semiconductor containing indium or an oxide semiconductor containing indium, gallium, and zinc. For example, an oxide semiconductor containing

[0168] The transistors M1 to M3 in the pixel 112 are bottom-gate transistors. It can be manufactured using various types of transistors such as top-gate transistors. can be done.

[0169] The transistors M1 to M3 of the pixel 112 are transistors having a back gate. The voltage applied to the back gate is the gate line GL LC [j] and gate line G L EL [j] may be provided from a different wiring. The transistors included may be limited to only the transistor M3. By using this structure, it is possible to control the threshold voltage of the transistor or to The amount of current that can be supplied can be increased.

[0170] The liquid crystal element LC is in IPS (In-Plane-Switching) mode, TN (T wisted nematic) mode, FFS (Fringe Field Switch ching) mode, ASM(Axially Symmetric aligned) Micro-cell mode, OCB (Optically Compensated Birefringence mode, FLC (Ferroelectric Liquid uid Crystal) mode, AFLC(AntiFerroelectric L It can be driven using driving methods such as iQID Crystal mode. Or, vertical alignment (VA) mode, specifically, MVA (Multi-Domain Ve rtical Alignment) mode, PVA(Patterned Verti cal Alignment) mode, ECB (Electrically Contr. olled Birefringence mode, CPA (Continuous P inwheel alignment mode, ASV (Advanced Super -View mode and other driving methods.

[0171] The liquid crystal material of the liquid crystal element LC is thermotropic liquid crystal, low molecular weight liquid crystal, high molecular weight liquid crystal. , polymer dispersed liquid crystal, ferroelectric liquid crystal, antiferroelectric liquid crystal, etc. can be used. Cholesteric phase, smectic phase, cubic phase, chiral nematic phase, isotropic phase, etc. Alternatively, a liquid crystal material exhibiting a blue phase may be used. can.

[0172] The light-emitting element EL can be an organic electroluminescent element or an inorganic electroluminescent element. In addition to EL elements such as light emitting elements, light emitting diodes, etc. can also be used.

[0173] The EL element can be a laminated body that is laminated so as to emit white light. Specifically, a layer containing a light-emitting organic compound containing a fluorescent material that emits blue light and a layer containing a light-emitting organic compound that emits green and Layer containing material other than fluorescent material that emits red light or material other than fluorescent material that emits yellow light A laminate in which a layer containing the material of the above and a layer containing the material of the above are laminated can be used.

[0174] Next, a pixel layout diagram applicable to the pixel 112 will be described. The circuit diagram is equivalent to the circuit diagram shown in FIG.

[0175] The layout diagram in FIG. 19(B) corresponds to the arrangement of each element in the circuit diagram in FIG. 19(A). In FIG. 19B, the electrode PE of the light-emitting element EL EL , light-emitting element EL, trans Arrangement of resistors M1 to M3, gate line GL LC [j], gate line GL EL [j], signal line SL LC [k], signal line SL EL [k], capacitance line L CS , current supply line L ano , and Potential carrying wire L cs is illustrated.

[0176] The layout diagram of FIG. 19(C) corresponds to the arrangement of each element in the circuit diagram of FIG. 19(A). In FIG. 19(C), the reflective electrode PE LC , overlapping with the light-emitting element EL The opening 15 arranged at the folding position, the arrangement of the transistors M1 to M3, the gate line GL LC [j], gate line GL EL [j], signal line SL LC [k], signal line SL EL [k], capacity line L CS , current supply line L ano , and the common potential line L cs is illustrated.

[0177] Although the layout diagrams are shown separately in FIGS. 19B and 19C, the liquid crystal element LC and the light emitting element LC are The optical elements EL are provided one on top of the other.

[0178] FIG. 20A is a schematic diagram illustrating a laminated structure of a liquid crystal element LC and a light-emitting element EL. FIG. 20A shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a layer 621 having a light-emitting element EL and a layer 622 having a transistor. 6 shows a layer 622 having a liquid crystal element LC and a layer 623 having a liquid crystal element LC. 23 is provided between the substrate 631 and the substrate 632. The display device may include an optical member such as a polarizing plate.

[0179] The layer 621 has a light-emitting element EL. The light-emitting element EL has an electrode PE shown in FIG. EL , a light-emitting layer 633, and an electrode 634. EL and electrode 634 When a current flows through the light-emitting layer 633, light 17 (shown by the dotted arrow) is emitted. The intensity of is controlled by transistor M3 in layer 622.

[0180] Layer 622 includes transistor M1, transistor M3, and color filter 636. The layer 622 also includes the transistor M1 and the reflective electrode PE LC and an electrode for connecting The conductive layer 637 functions as a transistor M3 and an electrode PE EL and an electrode for connecting The color filter 636 is for when the light 17 is white. The color filter 636 is provided to emit light of a specific wavelength to the viewing side. The transistors M1 to M3 (the transistor M2 is not shown) are provided at positions overlapping the opening 15. (not shown) is the reflective electrode PE LC It should be placed in a position overlapping with the

[0181] The layer 623 has an opening 15 and a reflecting electrode PE LC and a conductive layer 638, a liquid crystal 639, and a conductive layer 64 0, and a color filter 641. The conductive layer 638 is paired with a conductive layer 640. The reflective electrode PE controls the alignment state of the liquid crystal 639 provided between the reflective electrode PE. LC Reflects external light The reflected light 16 (shown by the dotted arrow) is emitted from the transistor M1. The opening 15 is a light-emitting element of the layer 621. It is provided at a position where light 17 emitted by the EL passes through.

[0182] The light-emitting element EL of the layer 621 is the light-emitting element 14 described with reference to FIGS. The transistor M3 in the layer 622 corresponds to the transistor M2 in the pixel region 610 described with reference to FIGS. The transistor M1 in the layer 622 corresponds to the transistor in the element circuit 12. 2(A), (B), etc., corresponds to the transistor included in the pixel circuit 11. The liquid crystal element LC included in the liquid crystal display device corresponds to the liquid crystal element 13 described with reference to FIGS.

[0183] reflective electrode PE LC For example, a material that reflects visible light can be used. In the present invention, a material containing silver can be used for the reflective film. For example, a material containing silver and palladium can be used for the reflective film. The reflective film may be made of a material containing silver or copper. A material with unevenness on the surface can be used for the reflective film. This allows the incoming light to be reflected in various directions. It can reflect light in the right direction and display white.

[0184] The conductive layer 638 and the conductive layer 640 may be made of, for example, a material that transmits visible light. Specifically, indium oxide, indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, oxide Conductive oxides such as zinc oxide doped with zinc or gallium, or graphene, can be used. can.

[0185] The substrates 631 and 632 are made of inorganic materials such as glass, ceramics, and metal. Alternatively, the substrates 631 and 632 may be made of a flexible material, such as a resin. Organic materials such as films or plastics can be used. 632 can also be used by appropriately laminating components such as polarizing plates, retardation plates, and prism sheets. can.

[0186] The insulating layer of the display device is made of, for example, an insulating inorganic material, an insulating organic material, or an inorganic Insulating composite materials containing an oxide and an organic material can be used. Silicon film, silicon nitride film, silicon oxynitride film, aluminum oxide film, or the like, or A laminated material made by laminating a plurality of materials selected from the above, or polyester, polyolefin, polya amide, polyimide, polycarbonate, polysiloxane, acrylic resin, etc. A film containing a laminated material or a composite material of a plurality of resins selected from the above can be used. Cut.

[0187] The conductive layers 635, 637, etc. of the display device are formed using a conductive material. For example, the conductive layer can be made of aluminum, gold, Platinum, silver, copper, chromium, tantalum, titanium, molybdenum, tungsten, nickel, iron, A metal element selected from cobalt, palladium, manganese, or the like can be used. Alternatively, an alloy containing the above-mentioned metal elements can be used for wiring or the like.

[0188] The light-emitting layer 633 of the display device can be freely combined with an EL layer, a charge transport layer, or a charge injection layer. For example, low molecular weight organic EL materials and polymeric organic EL materials are used. In addition, a light-emitting material that emits light (fluorescence) by singlet excitation may be used as the EL layer. A thin film of a triplet compound, or a light-emitting material that emits light (phosphorescence) by triplet excitation (triplet A thin film made of a redox compound can be used as a charge transport layer or a charge injection layer. It is also possible to use inorganic materials such as silicon carbide for the organic EL materials. Known materials can be used.

[0189] Electrode PE of the display device EL The anode functions as the anode of the light-emitting element EL. The material used for the cathode is a material with a larger work function than the material that forms the cathode, and is ITO (Indium Tin Oxide). Indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide (In2O3-ZnO), zinc oxide (Z nO), and other materials with even lower sheet resistance than ITO, specifically platinum (Pt), chromium (Cr), Materials such as (Cr), tungsten (W), or nickel (Ni) can be used. can.

[0190] The electrode 634 of the display device is made of a metal having a small work function (typically a metal of Group 1 of the periodic table). The work function is small. The smaller the diameter, the higher the light emission efficiency. Therefore, aluminum is the material used for the cathode. An alloy material containing Li (lithium), which is one of the potassium metals, is preferable.

[0191] FIG. 20B is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal element LC and the light-emitting element EL shown in FIG. 20(B) is a perspective view showing the layout diagrams shown in FIG. 20(B) and (C) superimposed on each other. The liquid crystal element LC and the light-emitting element EL are overlapped as shown in FIG. The element EL is disposed at a position where the light 17 emitted by the element EL passes through. It is possible to switch the display element according to the environment without increasing the area occupied by the pixel. As a result, a display device with improved visibility can be obtained.

[0192] FIG. 21 shows a detailed schematic cross-sectional view of the pixel shown in FIG. In FIG. 1, the same components as those shown in FIG. 20(A) are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description will be repeated. is omitted.

[0193] In the cross-sectional schematic diagram of a pixel of a display device shown in FIG. 21, a substrate 631 and a substrate 632 are provided between the substrates 631 and 632. In addition to the components shown in FIG. 0(A), an adhesive layer 651, an insulating layer 652, an insulating layer 653, and an insulating layer 65 4, insulating layer 655, insulating layer 656, insulating layer 657, insulating layer 658, insulating layer 659, alignment film 660, an alignment film 661, a light-shielding film 662, a conductive layer 663, a conductive layer 664 and an insulating layer 665 has.

[0194] Insulating layer 652, insulating layer 653, insulating layer 654, insulating layer 655, insulating layer 656, insulating layer 6 57, the insulating layer 658, the insulating layer 659 and the insulating layer 665 are made of, for example, an insulating inorganic material. An insulating organic material or an insulating composite material containing an inorganic material and an organic material can be used. For example, the insulating layer may be a silicon oxide film, a silicon nitride film, a silicon oxynitride film, an alumina film, or the like. Aluminum film, etc., or a laminated material made by laminating multiple materials selected from these, or polyester Polyolefins, polyamides, polyimides, polycarbonates, polysiloxanes, or acrylic resin, or a laminated material or composite material of multiple resins selected from these. A membrane comprising:

[0195] The conductive layer 663 and the conductive layer 664 can be formed using a material having electrical conductivity. For example, the conductive layer can be made of aluminum, gold, platinum, silver, copper, chromium, or the like. Chromium, tantalum, titanium, molybdenum, tungsten, nickel, iron, cobalt, palladium Alternatively, the above-mentioned metal element selected from aluminum or manganese can be used. An alloy containing a metal element can be used for wiring or the like.

[0196] The adhesive layer 651 may be a light-curing adhesive such as an ultraviolet-curing adhesive, a reaction-curing adhesive, or a heat-curing adhesive. Various curing adhesives such as viscoelastic adhesives, anaerobic adhesives, etc. can be used. Epoxy resin, acrylic resin, silicone resin, phenolic resin, polyimide resin, imide resin, PVC (polyvinyl chloride) resin, PVB (polyvinyl butyral) resin, E VA (ethylene vinyl acetate) resin, etc. In particular, the moisture permeability of epoxy resin, etc. A material with low adhesion is preferable. Two-part mixed resin may also be used. It may be used.

[0197] The alignment film 660 and the alignment film 661 can be made of an organic resin such as polyimide. In addition, when a photo-alignment technique is used to align the liquid crystal 639 in a predetermined direction, the alignment film 66 0 and the alignment film 661 may be omitted. Also, when using a liquid crystal that does not require alignment treatment, The alignment film 660 and the alignment film 661 may be omitted.

[0198] The light-shielding film 662 is made of a light-shielding material that absorbs light, such as chromium, chromium oxide, or black resin. It can be formed using.

[0199] 22A to 22C are cross-sectional schematic diagrams of the pixel of the display device shown in FIG. FIG. 22 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a terminal section, a drive circuit section, and a common contact section. In A) to C), the same components as those shown in FIG. 20A and FIG. 21 are denoted by the same reference numerals. The detailed description will be omitted.

[0200] FIG. 22(A) is a schematic cross-sectional view of a terminal portion of a display device. The connection portion 670 to the circuit includes a conductive layer 637, a conductive layer 664, and a reflective electrode PE LC , conductive layer 6 The connection portion 670 is connected to an FPC 672 (Fl 38) via a connection layer 671. The printed circuit board 632 is connected to the At the ends, an adhesive layer 673 is provided to bond the substrate 632 and the substrate 631 together.

[0201] FIG. 22B is a schematic cross-sectional view of a drive circuit section of the display device. Transistor 680 may have the same configuration as transistor M3.

[0202] FIG. 22C is a schematic cross-sectional view of a common contact portion of the display device. In the connection portion 690 in the tact portion, the conductive layer 640 on the substrate 632 side and the conductive layer 640 on the substrate 631 side are The conductive layer 638 and the reflective electrode PE LC and via a connector 691 provided on the adhesive layer 673. are connected.

[0203] This concludes the description of each component of the display device.

[0204] <Additional notes regarding the present specification etc.> In this specification, the ordinal numbers "first," "second," and "third" are used to avoid confusion of the components. Therefore, the number of components is not limited. However, the order of the components is not limited.

[0205] In this specification and the like, in the block diagram, components are classified by function and are divided into independent blocks. However, in an actual circuit, the components are switched according to their functions. In some cases, it is difficult to separate the functions of a single circuit, and multiple functions are involved in one circuit, or multiple circuits are involved in the same circuit. Therefore, the blocks in the block diagram may be different from those described in the specification. The above elements are not limited to the above, but may be rephrased appropriately depending on the situation.

[0206] In the drawings, elements that are the same or have similar functions, elements that are made of the same material, or In some cases, the same reference numerals may be used to denote elements that are formed simultaneously, and repeated explanations of such elements will be omitted. It may be omitted.

[0207] In this specification and the like, when describing the connection relationship of a transistor, The first electrode or the first terminal is called the source or drain. The other of the source and drain is referred to as the "other of the source or drain" (or the second electrode, or the second terminal). This is because the source and drain of a transistor are This is because the names of the source and drain of a transistor change depending on the operating conditions. In this case, it is appropriate to use the term source (drain) terminal, source (drain) electrode, etc., depending on the situation. It can be replaced.

[0208] In this specification and the like, the terms voltage and potential can be interchanged as appropriate. This is the potential difference from a reference potential. For example, the reference potential is the ground potential (earth potential). If we define the potential as the ground potential, the voltage can be expressed as the potential. It is important to note that potential is relative, and depending on the reference potential, The potential applied to wiring etc. may be changed.

[0209] In this specification, a switch refers to a device that can be in a conductive state (on state) or a non-conductive state (off state). It refers to a device that has the function of controlling whether or not a current flows by switching to a non-operating state. A switch has a function of selecting and switching a path through which a current flows.

[0210] As an example, an electrical switch or a mechanical switch can be used. In other words, the switch is not limited to a specific one as long as it can control the current.

[0211] When a transistor is used as a switch, the "conduction state" of the transistor is This refers to a state in which the source and drain of a transistor can be considered to be electrically shorted. The "non-conducting state" of a transistor is when the source and drain of the transistor are electrically isolated. In addition, if the transistor is operated as a simple switch, In this case, the polarity (conductivity type) of the transistor is not particularly limited.

[0212] In this specification, "A and B are connected" does not mean that A and B are directly connected. In addition to those that are electrically connected, A and B are also included. "Connected" means that there is an object between A and B that has some electrical effect. When a device is connected to a power source, it enables the transmission and reception of electrical signals between A and B. [Explanation of symbols]

[0213] 10 Electronic Devices 10B Electronic Devices 10D Electronic Devices 100 Case 200 units 300 Hinge part 101 Display device 102 Solar Cell 201 Display device 202 Coil 203 Charge / discharge control circuit 204 Electric double layer capacitor 205 Signal Processing Circuit 222 Reverse current prevention circuit 223 Rectifier smoothing circuit 224 Stabilization circuit 224A Switching Regulator 225 Monitor circuit 111 Display Controller 122 Reverse current prevention circuit 121 Electric double layer capacitor 11 Pixel circuit 12 Pixel circuit 13 Liquid crystal elements 14 Light emitting element 112 pixels 211 Display Controller 212 pixels 113 Touch Sensor Controller 114 Touch Sensor 213 Touch Sensor Controller 214 Touch Sensor 231 Arithmetic equipment 232 Interface Circuit 233 Interface Circuit 234 Sensor 235 System Bus 101A Display device 201A Display device 15 Aperture 16 Reflected light 17 light 310 Outdoor Light 401 AC power supply 402 Coil 434 Sensors 241 Inductor 242 Transistor 243 Diode 244 Capacitor 245 Resistance Element S11 Step S12 Step S13 Step S14 Step 320 Detected Object 330 Marker 601 Pixel section 602 Gate line driving circuit 603 Gate line driving circuit 604 Signal Line Driver Circuit 621 layers 622 layers 623 layers 631 Substrate 632 Substrate 633 Light-emitting layer 634 Electrode 635 Electrode 636 Color Filter 637 Conductive Layer 638 Conductive Layer 639 Liquid crystal 640 Conductive Layer 641 Color Filter 651 Adhesive layer 652 Insulating layer 653 Insulation Layer 654 Insulating layer 655 Insulation Layer 656 Insulating Layer 657 Insulating Layer 658 Insulating layer 659 Insulating layer 660 Orientation Film 661 Orientation Film 662 Light-shielding film 663 Conductive Layer 664 Conductive Layer 665 Insulating Layer 670 Connection 671 Connection Layer 672 FPC 673 Adhesive layer 680 Transistors 690 Connection 691 Connector

Claims

1. a first housing having a first display device and a solar cell; a second housing having a second display device, a coil, an electric double layer capacitor, a signal processing circuit, and a charge / discharge control circuit; a hinge portion that can be folded so that a display surface of the first display device and a display surface of the second display device face each other; the first housing has a display surface of the first display device on one surface and the solar cell on the other surface; a function of displaying the image data written in the first display device and the second display device in a state where the image data is held and power consumption associated with rewriting the image data is stopped, and of irradiating the solar cell with external light to generate power in a state where the first housing is lifted, thereby charging the electric double layer capacitor; each of the first display device and the second display device has a liquid crystal element and a light emitting element; The liquid crystal element has a reflective electrode having an opening, and has a function of reflecting external light to display gradations, the light-emitting element has a function of being able to display a gray scale by emitting light through the opening, a first transistor for controlling the intensity of light emitted from the light emitting element; a second transistor for controlling a gray scale display of the liquid crystal element; a third layer having the first transistor and the second transistor is located between a first layer having the liquid crystal element and a second layer having the light emitting element; Between the first transistor and the second transistor, the third layer has a region overlapping with an opening of the reflective electrode, The charge / discharge control circuit includes a stabilization circuit and a monitor circuit, the stabilization circuit has a function of boosting an output voltage of the electric double layer capacitor, the monitor circuit has a function of monitoring a remaining capacity of the electric double layer capacitor, when the remaining capacity of the electric double layer capacitor is equal to or greater than a certain value, a first operation mode is set in which the electric double layer capacitor operates at a first frame frequency; When the remaining capacity of the electric double layer capacitor is less than a certain value, the electronic device is switched to a second operation mode in which the electronic device operates at a second frame frequency slower than the first frame frequency.

2. a first housing having a first display device and a solar cell; a second housing having a second display device, a coil, an electric double layer capacitor, a signal processing circuit, and a charge / discharge control circuit; a hinge portion that can be folded so that a display surface of the first display device and a display surface of the second display device face each other; A sensor having a function of detecting illuminance, the first housing has a display surface of the first display device on one surface and the solar cell on the other surface; a function of displaying the image data written in the first display device and the second display device in a state where the image data is held and power consumption associated with rewriting the image data is stopped, and of irradiating the solar cell with external light to generate power in a state where the first housing is lifted, thereby charging the electric double layer capacitor; each of the first display device and the second display device has a liquid crystal element and a light emitting element; The liquid crystal element has a reflective electrode having an opening, and has a function of reflecting external light to display gradations, the light-emitting element has a function of being able to display a gray scale by emitting light through the opening, a first transistor for controlling the intensity of light emitted from the light emitting element; a second transistor for controlling a gray scale display of the liquid crystal element; a third layer having the first transistor and the second transistor is located between a first layer having the liquid crystal element and a second layer having the light emitting element; Between the first transistor and the second transistor, the third layer has a region overlapping with an opening of the reflective electrode, The charge / discharge control circuit includes a stabilization circuit and a monitor circuit, the stabilization circuit has a function of boosting an output voltage of the electric double layer capacitor, the monitor circuit has a function of monitoring a remaining capacity of the electric double layer capacitor, when the remaining capacity of the electric double layer capacitor is equal to or greater than a certain value, a first operation mode is set in which the electric double layer capacitor operates at a first frame frequency; when the remaining capacity of the electric double layer capacitor is less than a certain value, a second operation mode is set in which the electric double layer capacitor operates at a second frame frequency that is slower than the first frame frequency; An electronic device having a function of switching between a first mode in which the liquid crystal element displays a picture, a second mode in which the liquid crystal element and the light-emitting element display a gradation, and a third mode in which the light-emitting element displays a gradation, depending on the illuminance detected by the sensor.

3. In claim 1 or 2, The signal processing circuit has an arithmetic unit, The electronic device, wherein the computing unit has a non-volatile register.

4. In claim 3, the non-volatile register includes a third transistor; The third transistor has an oxide semiconductor as a semiconductor layer in which a channel is formed.

5. In any one of claims 1 to 4, The reflective electrode has a reflective film having projections and recesses.

Images