Electromagnetic induction type continuous flow milk heater in beverage vending machines

Abstract

The present invention relates to an electromagnetic induction continuous flow milk heater, in particular for use in automatic drinks vending machines, comprising a tubular body having a longitudinal axis and including at least one inlet adapted to receive milk to be heated and to supply it into the tubular body in use, and an outlet through which the heated milk flows from the tubular body, and a winding wound around the tubular body and capable of being electrically powered to generate an electromagnetic induction field, the tubular body being made of an electrically conductive material and therefore being heated by electromagnetic induction under the effect of said electromagnetic induction field, the heater further comprising an insert housed inside the tubular body and extending along the longitudinal axis, the tubular body and the insert defining a spiral flow path for the milk extending spirally around the longitudinal axis at least between the outer surface of the insert and the inner surface of the tubular body.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This patent application claims priority from Italian Patent Application No. 102020000014692, filed June 19, 2020, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] The present invention relates generally to the field of automatic beverage dispensers, and in particular to electromagnetic induction continuous flow milk heaters in both tabletop and freestanding automatic beverage dispensers. [Background technology]

[0003] Machines are known which are used to prepare and dispense beverages, especially hot beverages, starting from anhydrous substances such as coffee, tea, chocolate etc.

[0004] These machines are equipped with one or more heaters, which are usually of two types: storage heaters (boilers) and continuous water flow heaters.

[0005] This last mentioned type includes water heaters that heat water according to two main technologies: heating by resistive heating elements, which is much used in the industry, and heating by electromagnetic induction, which is less common than the first one.

[0006] According to the first technique, a potential difference is applied across the heating element, which is brushed directly or indirectly by the flow of heated water, so that a current is generated in the heating element, the energy is dissipated as heat by the Joule effect, and the water is heated by conduction.

[0007] Examples of this type of heater are described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,393,663; U.S. Pat. No. 5,493,326; U.S. Pat. No. 5,523,363; U.S. Pat. No. 5,623,635; U.S. Pat. No. 5,711,13 ... and U.S. Pat. No. 5,711,133.

[0008] US Patent No. 5,399,633 describes three embodiments of a continuous flow water heater. The first two embodiments described therein incorporate a respective continuous flow heater using the first technology, while the third embodiment uses a heater that heats water using the second technology in a relatively simple and less detailed manner.

[0009] According to the second technique, the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction is used to heat a water flow.

[0010] In particular, continuous flow water heaters are known that use the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction to generate parasitic currents inside a duct made of a conductive material through which the heated water flows. The parasitic currents dissipate energy due to the Joule effect, heating the duct and, as a result, the water flowing in contact with the duct is also heated.

[0011] Electromagnetic induction continuous flow water heaters have been found to be particularly advantageous because of their ability to heat water in a short period of time.

[0012] US Pat. No. 5,399,633 shows a heater having a metal duct wound in a spiral shape and coaxially housed in a cavity of a spool of electrically insulating material having an electromagnetic induction winding wound thereon.

[0013] When this winding is powered with alternating current, a parasitic current is generated by electromagnetic induction which, by the Joule effect, can heat the helical metal duct and, therefore, the water flowing inside it.

[0014] Although the spool is restrained to the machine's supporting structure, there is no mechanical restraint on the spool as the metal duct is simply supported by the hydraulic circuit connected by a simple quick coupling joint.

[0015] More precisely, the metal duct and the spool are radially separated by a free space (an air gap).

[0016] Further examples of electromagnetic induction continuous flow water heaters are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,393, 6,433, 6,596, 7,671, 7,833, 7,970, 8,136, 9,143, 9,152, and 9,213, 107.

[0017] While continuous flow water heaters of the type described above are functionally effective solutions for heating water in machines configured to prepare and dispense beverages, the applicant has noted that these heaters can be further improved, particularly in terms of the effectiveness of the heat exchange obtained and the maintenance efficiency.

[0018] Thus, in US Pat. No. 5,399,633 and corresponding US Pat. No. 5,499,633, the Applicant disclosed an electromagnetic induction type continuous flow water heater comprising: a tubular body having a longitudinal axis and including at least one inlet configured to receive water to be heated and deliver it into the tubular body in use, and an outlet through which the heated water flows out of the tubular body; an insert received within the tubular body and extending along a longitudinal axis; and a winding wound around said tubular body and capable of being electrically powered to provide power for generating an electromagnetic induction field.

[0019] The tubular body is made of an electrically conductive material and is therefore inductively heated by the effect of the electromagnetic induction field generated by the electrical windings.

[0020] The tubular body and the insert are configured to define a helical flow passage for water extending helically about the longitudinal axis at least between an outer surface of the insert and an inner surface of the tubular body.

[0021] During the course of testing conducted by the applicant to develop the electromagnetic induction type continuous flow water heater disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,993,333 and corresponding U.S. Pat. No. 5,993,333, the applicant surprisingly found that the water heater would also be effective for heating other types of fluids used in automatic beverage dispensing machines.

[0022] In particular, the applicant has found that said electromagnetic induction continuous flow water heater is very effective for heating liquid milk used in the preparation of beverages based primarily on liquid milk, such as, for example, hot milk and latte macchiato, as well as hot beverages obtained by injection of an injection substance with hot water under pressure, such as, for example, coffee and tea based beverages, as well as beverages containing emulsified or unprocessed hot or cold liquid milk, such as, for example, espresso macchiato, cappuccino, etc.

[0023] In particular, the applicant has observed that this particular effect is due to the fact that said water heater succeeds in heating the liquid milk without burning the fat contained therein, thus preserving its organic properties unchanged.

[0024] Further, the applicant has observed that the said water heater can effectively heat all kinds of liquid milk, natural milk, artificial milk, animal milk (such as milk of cow, goat, sheep, donkey, buffalo), plant milk, raw milk, fresh milk, pasteurized milk, whole milk, partially skimmed or fully skimmed milk, UHT milk, lactose free milk, highly digestible milk, etc.

[0025] Finally, the Applicant has recognised that said water heater may also be effective in heating other types of fluids used in vending machines for the preparation of beverages, such as gases used in the preparation of beverages, in particular air for emulsifying milk or for post-heating an already produced beverage if its temperature is not high enough. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0026] [Patent Document 1] GB 2542359 [Patent Document 2] International Publication No. 2004105438 [Patent Document 3] China Patent Application Publication No. 107647785 [Patent Document 4] International Publication No. 2016 / 016225 [Patent Document 5] International Publication No. 2004 / 006742 [Patent Document 6] International Publication No. 2009 / 012904 [Patent Document 7] International Publication No. 2014 / 205771 [Patent Document 8] International Publication No. 2006 / 056705 [Patent Document 9] International Publication No. 2013 / 008140 [Patent Document 10] International Publication No. 2007 / 036076 [Patent Document 11] European Patent Application Publication No. 2881020 [Patent Document 12] DE 3542507 A1 [Patent Document 13] European Patent Application Publication No. 2044869 [Patent Document 14] European Patent Application Publication No. 2868242 [Patent Document 15] JP 2001-284034 A [Patent Document 16] International Publication No. 2017 / 191529 [Patent Document 17] JP 2003-317915 A [Patent Document 18] European Patent Application Publication No. 2881020 [Patent Document 19] GB 190915786 [Patent Document 20] Italian Patent Application No. 102019000007166 [Patent Document 21] PCT / IB2020 / 052950 issue Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0027] SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT EMBODIMENT It is an object of the present invention to provide an electromagnetic induction continuous flow milk heater for heating liquid milk in beverage vending machines. [Means for solving the problem]

[0028] According to the invention, this object is achieved by an electromagnetic induction continuous flow milk heater as claimed in the appended claims. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0029] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram, with parts removed for greater clarity, of an automatic beverage vending machine including an electromagnetic induction continuous flow milk heater according to the present invention; [Figure 2a] 2A-2C are axial cross-sectional views, on a larger scale and with parts removed for greater clarity, of three configurations of the electromagnetic induction continuous flow milk heater of FIG. 1 according to a first embodiment; [Figure 2b] 2A-2C are axial cross-sectional views, on a larger scale and with parts removed for greater clarity, of three configurations of the electromagnetic induction continuous flow milk heater of FIG. 1 according to a first embodiment; [Figure 2c] 2A-2C are axial cross-sectional views, on a larger scale and with parts removed for greater clarity, of three configurations of the electromagnetic induction continuous flow milk heater of FIG. 1 according to a first embodiment; [Figure 3a] 2A-2C are axial cross-sectional views, on a larger scale and with parts removed for greater clarity, of four configurations of the electromagnetic induction continuous flow milk heater of FIG. 1 according to a second embodiment; [Figure 3b] 2A-2C are axial cross-sectional views, on a larger scale and with parts removed for greater clarity, of four configurations of the electromagnetic induction continuous flow milk heater of FIG. 1 according to a second embodiment; [Figure 3c] 2A-2C are axial cross-sectional views, on a larger scale and with parts removed for greater clarity, of four configurations of the electromagnetic induction continuous flow milk heater of FIG. 1 according to a second embodiment; [Figure 3d]2A-2C are axial cross-sectional views, on a larger scale and with parts removed for greater clarity, of four configurations of the electromagnetic induction continuous flow milk heater of FIG. 1 according to a second embodiment; [Figure 4a] 2A-2C are axial cross-sectional views, on a larger scale and with parts removed for greater clarity, of two configurations of the electromagnetic induction continuous flow milk heater of FIG. 1 according to a third embodiment; [Figure 4b] 2A-2C are axial cross-sectional views, on a larger scale and with parts removed for greater clarity, of two configurations of the electromagnetic induction continuous flow milk heater of FIG. 1 according to a third embodiment; [Figure 5a] FIG. 4 shows an axial section, on a larger scale and with parts removed for better clarity, of two configurations of the electromagnetic induction continuous flow milk heater of FIG. 1 according to a fourth embodiment; [Figure 5b] FIG. 4 shows an axial section, on a larger scale and with parts removed for better clarity, of two configurations of the electromagnetic induction continuous flow milk heater of FIG. 1 according to a fourth embodiment; [Figure 6a] 5A-5D are axial cross-sectional views, on a larger scale and with parts removed for greater clarity, of four configurations of the electromagnetic induction continuous flow milk heater of FIG. 1 according to a fifth embodiment; [Figure 6b] 5A-5D are axial cross-sectional views, on a larger scale and with parts removed for greater clarity, of four configurations of the electromagnetic induction continuous flow milk heater of FIG. 1 according to a fifth embodiment; [Figure 6c] 5A-5D are axial cross-sectional views, on a larger scale and with parts removed for greater clarity, of four configurations of the electromagnetic induction continuous flow milk heater of FIG. 1 according to a fifth embodiment; [Figure 6d] 5A-5D are axial cross-sectional views, on a larger scale and with parts removed for greater clarity, of four configurations of the electromagnetic induction continuous flow milk heater of FIG. 1 according to a fifth embodiment; [Figure 7a] FIG. 11 shows an axial section, on a larger scale and with parts removed for better clarity, of four configurations of the electromagnetic induction continuous flow milk heater of FIG. 1 according to a sixth embodiment; [Figure 7b]FIG. 11 shows an axial section, on a larger scale and with parts removed for better clarity, of four configurations of the electromagnetic induction continuous flow milk heater of FIG. 1 according to a sixth embodiment; [Figure 7c] FIG. 11 shows an axial section, on a larger scale and with parts removed for better clarity, of four configurations of the electromagnetic induction continuous flow milk heater of FIG. 1 according to a sixth embodiment; [Figure 7d] FIG. 11 shows an axial section, on a larger scale and with parts removed for better clarity, of four configurations of the electromagnetic induction continuous flow milk heater of FIG. 1 according to a sixth embodiment; [Figure 8a] 7A-7D are axial cross-sectional views, on a larger scale and with parts removed for greater clarity, of four configurations of the electromagnetic induction continuous flow milk heater of FIG. 1 according to a seventh embodiment; [Figure 8b] 7A-7D are axial cross-sectional views, on a larger scale and with parts removed for greater clarity, of four configurations of the electromagnetic induction continuous flow milk heater of FIG. 1 according to a seventh embodiment; [Figure 8c] 7A-7D are axial cross-sectional views, on a larger scale and with parts removed for greater clarity, of four configurations of the electromagnetic induction continuous flow milk heater of FIG. 1 according to a seventh embodiment; [Figure 8d] 7A-7D are axial cross-sectional views, on a larger scale and with parts removed for greater clarity, of four configurations of the electromagnetic induction continuous flow milk heater of FIG. 1 according to a seventh embodiment; DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0030] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement and use it. Possible modifications to the embodiments described herein will be immediately apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles described herein may for this reason be applied to other embodiments and applications without exceeding the scope of protection of the present invention defined in the appended claims. Therefore, the present invention cannot be considered as being limited to the embodiments described and shown herein, but should be associated with the widest possible scope of protection according to the characteristics described and claimed herein.

[0031] Unless otherwise expressly defined, all technical and scientific terms have the meanings commonly used by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the invention belongs. In case of conflict, this description, including the definitions set forth therein, is binding. Furthermore, the examples are provided for illustrative purposes only and therefore should not be considered as limiting.

[0032] In order to facilitate understanding of the embodiments described herein, certain specific embodiments will be mentioned and specific language will be used to describe them. The terms used in this specification are intended to exclusively describe specific examples and are not suitable for limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Furthermore, the invention can also be used, as already mentioned above, for heating other types of fluids used in automatic beverage vending machines, in particular air used to emulsify liquid milk or other fluids other than water, and will therefore hereinafter be described, without loss of generality, with reference to the heating of liquid milk.

[0034] With reference to FIG. 1, the number 1 indicates generally and diagrammatically an automatic machine for preparing and dispensing beverages, in particular hot beverages, starting from anhydrous ingredients such as, for example, coffee, tea, chocolate, etc.

[0035] Machine 1 includes: -2 continuous flow electromagnetic induction milk heaters, a milk circuit 3 (shown diagrammatically) including a milk container 4 and a milk pump 6 in fluid communication with the milk container 4 and operable to convey a flow of milk from the milk container 4 via a milk supply line 5 towards the inlet of the milk heater 2, and - an electrical circuit 7 (shown diagrammatically) for powering the milk heater 2, as will be explained in more detail below.

[0036] The milk container 4 may be of any type, in particular a reusable type, for example a bottle or drum type, or a disposable type, for example a so-called bag-in-box type, and is accommodated in a refrigerated store (not shown) present inside or outside the machine 1, making it possible to keep the milk at an ideal storage temperature, for example 5°C.

[0037] The milk container 4 may contain any kind of liquid milk, natural milk, artificial milk, animal milk (such as cow, goat, sheep, donkey, buffalo milk), plant milk, raw milk, fresh milk, pasteurized milk, whole milk, partially skimmed or fully skimmed milk, UHT milk, lactose-free milk, highly digestible milk, etc.

[0038] According to FIG. 2a, the heater 2 essentially comprises a tubular body 8 with a longitudinal axis A and including at least one inlet 10, in particular an inlet passage, configured to receive a flow of heated milk from a milk container 4 and, in use, feed it into the tubular body 8, and an outlet 11, in particular an outlet passage, through which the heated milk flow leaves the tubular body 8.

[0039] According to this preferred, non-limiting embodiment, the tubular body 8 has a substantially cylindrical hollow shape and a linear axis A. Furthermore, the tubular body 8 is restrained to an internal support structure (not shown) of the machine 1 in a manner that is known and therefore will not be described in detail.

[0040] For this purpose, the heater 2 has a first end 13 and a second end 14, which are arranged axially opposite each other on the tubular body 8, fixed to the tubular body 8 and suitable for being connected to the internal support structure of the machine 1.

[0041] In particular, the first end 13 and the second end 14 define respective axial closure elements defining the inlet 10 and the outlet 11, respectively, and are removably coupled to the tubular body 8, for example by threading, so that they can be removed to allow the interior of the tubular body 8 to be cleaned by a suitable brush.

[0042] More specifically, the inlet 10 and the outlet 11 are defined by respective hollow projections which protrude axially from a first end 13 and a second end 14, respectively.

[0043] In the example shown, the outlet 11 is fluidly connected to a milk dispensing pipe 15 (Figure 1) arranged to convey the heated milk exiting the milk heater 2 towards a milk dispensing nozzle arranged at a beverage dispensing station. The heater 2 further comprises an electrical winding 12 arranged, i.e. wound, around the tubular body 8 coaxially with the axis A and which can be electrically powered to generate an electromagnetic induction field.

[0044] In particular, the winding 12 is defined by a plurality of concentric continuous turns 12a wound on the outer surface of a hollow, substantially cylindrical spool 16 that is mounted coaxially with the tubular body 8. In other words, the tubular body 8 is at least partially contained within the axial cavity of the spool 16.

[0045] More specifically, the spool 16 is made of an electrically non-conductive material, i.e., a material that has zero magnetic susceptibility.

[0046] The winding 12 is powered with an alternating current at a predetermined oscillating frequency and is thus configured to generate the electromagnetic induction field previously described.

[0047] Conveniently, the tubular body 8 is made of an electrically and magnetically conductive material and is therefore adapted to be heated by electromagnetic induction by an electromagnetic induction field.

[0048] Advantageously, a layer 17 of thermally insulating material is radially interposed between the spool 16 and the outer surface of the tubular body 8 to prevent heat from being transferred by conduction from the tubular body 8 to the spool 16 in use.

[0049] In one embodiment, the spool 16 may be co-molded (overmolded) onto the tubular body 8 .

[0050] In another embodiment, the winding 12 is wound directly onto the tubular body 8 with only an intervening layer of insulating material 17 .

[0051] In another embodiment, the windings 12 are wound directly onto the tubular body 8 .

[0052] According to FIG. 1 , the machine 1 further comprises a number of temperature sensors 30, in the example described herein two temperature sensors 30, each arranged in the area of ​​the inlet 10 and in the area of ​​the outlet 11 respectively and configured to detect the milk temperature in their respective areas of action.

[0053] The machine 1 further comprises a control unit 31, which is arranged to receive the temperature values ​​detected by the temperature sensor 30 and to control the operation of the electric circuit 7 accordingly.

[0054] According to FIG. 2a, the heater 2 further comprises an insert 18, which is made of an electrically non-conductive material that does not generate heat and has zero magnetic susceptibility, and which is accommodated inside the tubular body 8, in particular coaxially with the axis A, and extends along the axis A.

[0055] In particular, the insert 18 is housed within the interior of the tubular body 8 and may be extracted from the tubular body 8 following removal of one of the ends 13, 14 so that the interior of the tubular body 8 and the insert 18 itself may be cleaned. According to this preferred, non-limiting embodiment, the insert 18 includes threads 19 defining a helix apex 20 extending on an outer surface 21 of the insert 18 about the longitudinal axis A.

[0056] In particular, the apex 20 of the helix is ​​disposed in contact with the inner surface 22 of the tubular body 8 .

[0057] The tubular body 8 and the insert 18, and more particularly the outer surface 21 and the inner surface 22, thus define between them a spiral flow path 23 for milk which extends spirally around the axis A.

[0058] Preferably, the helix apex 20 develops according to a cylindrical helix having a constant pitch.

[0059] In alternative embodiments not shown here, the apex 20 of the helix evolves according to a cylindrical helix with a variable pitch or a conical helix with a constant or variable pitch.

[0060] In view of the above, the flow path 23 defines a helical or spiral path for heating the milk flowing through the heater 2. Due to this configuration, the milk follows a path having a length that is greater than the length of the path it would follow if it flowed axially straight inside the tubular body 8. This allows the temperature of the milk to be precisely controlled.

[0061] This solution has proven to be particularly suitable for beverages requiring a small amount of milk and thus a small flow rate of milk, or beverages requiring high precision in the temperature of the milk, for example where the taste of the beverage is highly influenced by the temperature of the milk, or even beverages made using different types of milk (animal milk, plant milk, raw milk, fresh milk, pasteurized milk, whole milk, partially skimmed or fully skimmed milk, UHT milk, lactose-free milk, highly digestible milk, etc.) that require different heating temperatures in order to preserve their organic properties.

[0062] The operation of the heater 2 according to the invention will now be described, with particular reference to the initial situation in which a milk flow is supplied to the tubular body 8 via the inlet 10 .

[0063] In this condition, the milk flow is deflected by the threading 19 of the insert 18 and flows through a helical flow passage 23 defined by the apex 20 of the helix and the inner surface 22 of the tubular body 8 .

[0064] At the same time, the windings 12 are powered by a control unit 31 which controls the operation of the electric circuit 7. The tubular body 8 is heated by electromagnetic induction and, as the milk flowing through the flow passage 23 brushes the inner surface 22 of the tubular body 8, it is consequently heated by conduction.

[0065] At this point the milk flows out of the outlet 11. This process is repeated for each beverage to be prepared.

[0066] In figure 2b, number 102 generally indicates an electromagnetic induction milk heater according to another embodiment of the invention.

[0067] Because heater 102 is similar to heater 2, the following description will be limited to the differences between the two heaters, using the same references to identical or corresponding parts whenever possible.

[0068] In particular, heater 102 differs from heater 2 in that heater 102 includes an insert 118 that is substantially cylindrical and has an outer surface 121 that is unthreaded, substantially smooth, and parallel to axis A.

[0069] Additionally, the heater 102 includes a tubular body 108 with a helix apex 120 extending about an axis A on an inner surface 122 of the tubular body 108 and disposed in contact with an outer surface 121 of the insert 118 .

[0070] In this manner, a helical flow path 123 is defined which is bounded by the outer surface 121 and the apex 120 of the helix.

[0071] The operation of heater 102 is similar to that of heater 2.

[0072] In figure 2c, number 202 generally indicates an electromagnetic induction milk heater according to a further embodiment of the invention.

[0073] Because heater 202 is similar to heater 2 and heater 102, the following description will, whenever possible, use the same references for identical or corresponding parts and will be limited to the differences between the heaters.

[0074] In particular, heater 202 includes insert 18 and a tubular body 208 that is substantially similar to tubular body 108 of heater 102 .

[0075] In this manner, a helical flow passage 223 is defined which is bounded by the helix apex 20 of the insert 18 , the helix apex 220 of the tubular body 208 , the inner surface 222 of the tubular body 208 and the outer surface 21 of the insert 18 .

[0076] The operation of heater 202 is similar to that of heater 2.

[0077] In figure 3a, number 302 generally indicates an electromagnetic induction milk heater according to a further embodiment of the invention.

[0078] Heater 302 is similar to heater 2, and the following description will focus on the differences between the two heaters, using the same references to identical or corresponding parts whenever possible.

[0079] In particular, heater 302 differs from heater 2 in that heater 302 comprises a milk flow diverter member 325 carried by insert 18 and having a helical shape about axis A.

[0080] Preferably, the diverter member 325 is defined by a cylindrical helical spring that is coupled to the insert 18 such that each rotation of the spring fits into a corresponding passage section of the flow passage 323 .

[0081] Preferably, the diverter member 325 is defined by a cylindrical helical spring having a constant pitch.

[0082] In another embodiment, the diverter member 325 is defined by a cylindrical helical spring having a variable pitch, or by a conical helical spring having a constant or variable pitch.

[0083] For this reason, the passage section of the flow passage 323 is narrower than the passage section of the flow passage 23 of the heater 2 .

[0084] With this configuration, the passage section of the flow path 323 can be changed without necessarily changing or replacing the insert 18 or the tubular body 8, simply by changing the diverter member 325, for example by selecting a diverter member 325 having a different diameter turn.

[0085] Further, the diverter member 325 is positioned in contact with the inner surface 22 of the tubular body 8 so as to enable a user to remove milk by scraping it off which may have accumulated on the inner surface 22 during normal use of the machine 1.

[0086] In this regard, the diverter member 325 is elastically deformable along the axis A and has an axial length in an undeformed state that is greater than the axial length of the insert 18 .

[0087] In this manner, when the heater 302 is assembled (installed), the diverter member 325 is elastically compressed and positioned in contact with the inner surface 22 so that it can elastically deform to scrape off any milk that may have accumulated on the inner surface 22.

[0088] More specifically, during assembly, the insert 18 carrying the diverter member 325 is tightly fitted within the tubular body 8 so that the apex 20 of the helix and the diverter member 325 are positioned in contact with the inner surface 22 and are fitted until the axial end 326 of the diverter member abuts the first end 13.

[0089] At this point, the second end 14 is coupled to the tubular body 8 so as to press and compress the diverter member 325 in the area of ​​its second axial end 327 opposite the first axial end 326.

[0090] This compression causes the turns of the diverter member 325 to move axially, scraping against the inner surface 22 to produce the desired effect.

[0091] The operation of heater 302 is similar to that of heater 2.

[0092] In figure 3b, number 402 generally indicates an electromagnetic induction milk heater according to another embodiment of the invention.

[0093] Because heater 402 is similar to heater 102, the following description will be limited to the differences between the two heaters, using the same references to identical or corresponding parts whenever possible.

[0094] In particular, heater 402 differs from heater 102 in that heater 402 includes a diverter member 425 that is substantially similar to diverter member 325 .

[0095] In this manner, a helical flow path 423 is defined which is bounded by the outer surface 121 , by the helix apex 120 , and by the diverter member 425 .

[0096] As a result, the passage section of the flow path 423 becomes narrower and the passage section of the flow path 423 can be changed by simply replacing the diverter member 425 without necessarily changing or replacing the insert 118 or the tubular body 108, for example by selecting a diverter member 425 having a different diameter turn.

[0097] The operation of heater 402 is similar to that of heater 102 .

[0098] In figure 3c, number 502 generally indicates an electromagnetic induction milk heater according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0099] Because heater 502 is similar to heater 202, the following description will be limited to the differences between the two heaters, using the same references to identical or corresponding parts whenever possible.

[0100] In particular, heater 502 differs from heater 202 in that heater 502 includes a diverter member 525 that is substantially similar to diverter member 325 .

[0101] In particular, the heater 502 includes both the insert 18 and the tubular body 208 .

[0102] In this manner, a helical flow path 523 is defined by the helix apex 20 of the insert 18, the helix apex 220 of the tubular body 208, the inner surface 222 of the tubular body 208, the outer surface 21 of the insert 18 and the diverter member 525.

[0103] As a result, the passage section of the flow path 523 becomes narrower and the passage section of the flow path 523 can be changed by simply replacing the diverter member 525 without necessarily changing or replacing the insert 18 or the tubular body 208, for example by selecting a diverter member 525 having a different diameter turn.

[0104] The operation of heater 502 is similar to that of heater 202 .

[0105] In figure 3d, number 602 generally indicates an electromagnetic induction milk heater according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0106] Because heater 602 is similar to heater 302, the following description will be limited to the differences between the two heaters, using the same references to identical or corresponding parts whenever possible.

[0107] In particular, heater 602 differs from heater 302 in that heater 602 includes insert 118 and thus has a substantially cylindrical shape and an outer surface 121 that is substantially smooth and parallel to axis A. Thus, inner surface 22 of tubular body 8 and outer surface 121 of insert 118 are cylindrical, parallel to each other, and parallel to axis A.

[0108] The heater 602 is spirally wrapped around the insert 118 and includes a diverter member 625 disposed in contact with the inner surface 22 of the tubular body 8 and the outer surface 121 of the insert 118 .

[0109] As a result, in this case, the flow passage 623 is defined by the inner surface 22 of the tubular body 8 , the outer surface 121 of the insert 118 , and a portion of the outer surface of the diverter member 625 .

[0110] The operation of heater 602 is similar to that of heater 2.

[0111] In figure 4a, number 702 generally indicates an electromagnetic induction milk heater according to a further embodiment of the invention.

[0112] Because heater 702 is similar to heater 2, the following description will be limited to the differences between the two heaters, using the same references for identical or corresponding parts whenever possible.

[0113] In particular, heater 702 differs from heater 2 in that heater 702 defines a helical flow path 723 having a passage section that is variable along axis A.

[0114] To this end, the heater 702 is provided with an insert 718 including threading 719 having: - an apex 720 of a helix extending on the outer surface 721 of the insert 718 about the axis A, and Following the helix apex 720 is a helix base 728 which extends on the outer surface 721 about the axis A.

[0115] In particular, while the maximum diameter of the apex 720 of the helix is ​​constant, the diameter of the base 728 of the helix relative to the axis A is variable along the axis A itself, since the apex 720 of the helix is ​​disposed in contact with the inner surface 22 of the tubular body 8.

[0116] More precisely, said diameter increases in the direction from the inlet 10 towards the outlet 11 .

[0117] According to another embodiment not shown here, the diameter of the bottom 728 of the spiral decreases in the aforementioned direction.

[0118] This configuration allows a higher flow rate to be achieved compared to when the heater 2 is used.

[0119] The operation of heater 702 is similar to that of heater 2.

[0120] In figure 4b number 802 generally indicates an electromagnetic induction milk heater according to a further embodiment of the invention.

[0121] Because heater 802 is similar to heater 702, the following description will focus on the differences between the two heaters, using the same references to identical or corresponding parts whenever possible.

[0122] In particular, heater 802 differs from heater 702 in that heater 802 further includes tubular body 208 .

[0123] In this manner, a helical flow passage 823 is defined which is bounded by the helix apex 720 of the insert 718 , the helix apex 220 of the tubular body 208 , the inner surface 222 of the tubular body 208 , and the outer surface 721 of the insert 718 .

[0124] The operation of heater 802 is similar to that of heater 702 .

[0125] In figure 5a number 902 generally indicates an electromagnetic induction milk heater according to a further embodiment of the invention.

[0126] Because heater 902 is similar to heater 702, the following description will be limited to the differences between the two heaters, using the same references to identical or corresponding parts whenever possible.

[0127] In particular, heater 902 differs from heater 702 in that heater 902 further includes a diverter member 925 that is substantially similar to diverter member 325 of heater 302 and has the same features and functionality.

[0128] With this configuration, the passage section of the flow path 923 can be changed simply by replacing the diverter member 925 .

[0129] The operation of heater 902 is similar to that of heater 702 .

[0130] In figure 5b number 1002 generally indicates an electromagnetic induction milk heater according to a further embodiment of the invention.

[0131] Because heater 1002 is similar to heater 802, the following description will be limited to the differences between the two heaters, using the same references for identical or corresponding parts whenever possible.

[0132] In particular, heater 1002 differs from heater 802 in that heater 1002 further includes a diverter member 1025 that is substantially similar to diverter member 925 of heater 902 and has the same features and functionality.

[0133] The operation of heater 1002 is similar to that of heater 902 .

[0134] In figure 6a, number 1102 generally indicates an electromagnetic induction milk heater according to a further embodiment of the invention.

[0135] Because heater 1102 is similar to heater 302, the following description will be limited to the differences between the two heaters, using the same references for identical or corresponding parts whenever possible.

[0136] In particular, heater 1102 differs from heater 302 in that heater 1102 includes an insert 1118 that is substantially similar to insert 18 and that is movable within tubular body 8 at least between: a first position in which the insert 1118 is located near the inlet 10; A second position in which the insert 1118 is positioned near the outlet 11.

[0137] In particular, the insert 1118 includes a closure, in this embodiment a shutter 1130 configured to fluid-tightly seal the inlet 10 .

[0138] More specifically, the shutter 1130 is configured to fluid-tightly seal the inlet 10 when the insert 1118 is disposed in the first position.

[0139] According to this preferred embodiment, the insert 1118 is movable between a first position and a second position by the pressure of a fluid acting on the insert 1118 itself, and in particular on the shutter 1130, in the area of ​​the inlet 10.

[0140] More precisely, the pressure of the milk flow supplied to the tubular body 8 via the inlet 10, in use, pushes the shutter 1130 and thus the insert 1118 towards the second position, thereby opening the milk passage and allowing milk to flow into the flow path 1123.

[0141] The diverter member 1125, which is substantially similar to the diverter member 325, also suitably functions as a striker member for the shutter 1130 and holds the insert 1118 in the first position in the rest state (when milk is not pressing against the shutter 1130).

[0142] Advantageously, during movement of the insert 1118 from the first position to the second position and vice versa, the diverter member 1125 scrapes the inner surface 22 of the tubular body 8 .

[0143] In this way, automatic maintenance - removal of milk deposits - can be performed and furthermore the channel 1123 can be automatically closed in a fluid-tight manner.

[0144] The operation of heater 1102 is similar to that of heater 302 .

[0145] In figure 6b number 1202 indicates generally an electromagnetic induction milk heater according to a further embodiment of the invention.

[0146] Because heater 1202 is similar to heater 402, the following description will be limited to the differences between the two heaters, using the same references to identical or corresponding parts whenever possible.

[0147] In particular, heater 1202 differs from heater 402 in that heater 1202 includes a shutter 1230 that is structurally and functionally similar to shutter 1130. Insert 1218 is substantially similar to insert 118 (i.e., smooth and cylindrical) with the exception of shutter 1230.

[0148] The presence of diverter member 1225 , similar to diverter member 425 , defines a flow path 1223 that is substantially similar to flow path 423 .

[0149] The operation of heater 1202 is similar to that of heater 1102 .

[0150] In figure 6c number 1302 generally indicates an electromagnetic induction milk heater according to a further embodiment of the invention.

[0151] Because heater 1202 is similar to heater 502, the following description will focus on the differences between the two heaters, using the same references to identical or corresponding parts whenever possible.

[0152] In particular, heater 1302 differs from heater 502 in that heater 1302 includes a shutter 1330 that is structurally and functionally similar to shutter 1130. Insert 1318 is substantially similar to insert 18, with the exception of shutter 1330.

[0153] The presence of diverter member 1325 , which is substantially similar to diverter member 525 , defines a flow path 1323 , which is substantially similar to flow path 523 .

[0154] The operation of heater 1302 is similar to that of heater 1102 .

[0155] In figure 6d, number 1402 generally indicates an electromagnetic induction milk heater according to a further embodiment of the invention.

[0156] Because heater 1402 is similar to heater 602, the following description will, whenever possible, limit the differences between the two heaters, using the same references for identical or corresponding parts.

[0157] In particular, heater 1402 differs from heater 602 in that heater 1402 includes a shutter 1430 that is structurally and functionally similar to shutter 1130. Insert 1418 is substantially similar to insert 18, with the exception of shutter 1430.

[0158] The presence of a diverter member 1425 , which is substantially similar to diverter member 625 , defines a flow path 1423 , which is substantially similar to flow path 623 .

[0159] The operation of heater 1402 is similar to that of heater 1102 .

[0160] In figure 7a, number 1502 generally indicates an electromagnetic induction milk heater according to a further embodiment of the invention.

[0161] Because heater 1502 is similar to heater 1102, the following description will be limited to the differences between the two heaters, using the same references to identical or corresponding parts whenever possible.

[0162] In particular, heater 1502 differs from heater 1102 in that heater 1502 includes an insert 1518 that is structurally and functionally similar to insert 1118 and therefore includes a shutter 1530 that is substantially similar to shutter 1130, and a diverter member 1525 that is substantially similar to diverter member 1125 and that is movable within tubular body 8 by a magnetic actuator 1531 configured to control movement of insert 1518 between a first position and a second position by magnetic interaction.

[0163] More specifically, the magnetic actuator 1531 includes a fixed solenoid 1532 that can be selectively powered to generate an electromagnetic field, and a permanent magnet 1533 that is integrally secured to the insert 1518 and configured to be magnetically coupled to the solenoid 1532.

[0164] More precisely, by electrically energizing the solenoid 1532, movement of the permanent magnet 1533, and thus of the insert 1518, is obtained in a known manner.

[0165] This configuration makes it possible to control the movement of the insert 1518 and thus all resulting therefrom, for example the removal of milk deposits by the diverter member 1525, regardless of the milk pressure acting on the insert 1518.

[0166] Preferably, the magnetic actuator 1531 is located in the area of ​​the outlet 11 .

[0167] The operation of heater 1502 is similar to that of heater 1102 .

[0168] In figure 7b number 1602 generally indicates an electromagnetic induction milk heater according to a further embodiment of the invention.

[0169] Because heater 1602 is similar to heater 1202, the following description will focus on the differences between the two heaters, using the same references to identical or corresponding parts whenever possible.

[0170] In particular, heater 1602 differs from heater 1202 in that heater 1602 includes an insert 1618 and therefore a shutter 1630 substantially similar to shutter 1230, and a diverter member 1625 substantially similar to diverter member 1225 and structurally and functionally similar to insert 1218, but movable within tubular body 108 by magnetic actuator 1631 which is substantially identical in structure and function to magnetic actuator 1531.

[0171] The operation of heater 1602 is similar to that of heater 1502 .

[0172] In figure 7c, number 1702 generally indicates an electromagnetic induction milk heater according to a further embodiment of the invention.

[0173] Because heater 1702 is similar to heater 1302, the following description will focus on the differences between the two heaters, using the same references to identical or corresponding parts whenever possible.

[0174] In particular, heater 1702 differs from heater 1302 in that heater 1702 includes an insert 1718 that is structurally and functionally similar to insert 1318, and therefore includes a shutter 1730 that is substantially similar to shutter 1330, and a diverter member 1725 that is substantially similar to diverter member 1325 but movable within tubular body 208 by a magnetic actuator 1731 that is substantially identical in structure and function to magnetic actuator 1531.

[0175] The operation of heater 1702 is similar to that of heater 1502 .

[0176] In figure 7d, number 1802 generally indicates an electromagnetic induction milk heater according to a further embodiment of the invention.

[0177] Because heater 1802 is similar to heater 1402, the following description will focus on the differences between the two heaters, using the same references to identical or corresponding parts whenever possible.

[0178] In particular, heater 1802 differs from heater 1402 in that heater 1802 includes an insert 1818 that is structurally and functionally similar to insert 1418 and therefore includes a shutter 1830 that is substantially similar to shutter 1430, and a diverter member 1825 that is substantially similar to diverter member 1425 but movable within tubular body 8 by a magnetic actuator 1831 that is substantially identical in structure and function to magnetic actuator 1531.

[0179] The operation of heater 1802 is similar to that of heater 1502 .

[0180] In figure 8a, number 1902 generally indicates an electromagnetic induction milk heater according to a further embodiment of the invention.

[0181] Because heater 1902 is similar to heater 302, the following description will be limited to the differences between the two heaters, using the same references to identical or corresponding parts whenever possible.

[0182] In particular, heater 1902 differs from heater 302 in that heater 1902 includes an insert 1918 that is structurally and functionally similar to insert 18, but that is movable within tubular body 8 by magnetic actuator 1931 that is substantially identical in structure and function to magnetic actuator 1531.

[0183] With this configuration, the insert 1918 is movable within the tubular body 8 without substantial assistance from fluid pressure exerted on the insert 1918 .

[0184] The operation of heater 1902 is similar to that of heater 1502 .

[0185] In figure 8b, number 2002 generally indicates an electromagnetic induction milk heater according to a further embodiment of the invention.

[0186] Because heater 2002 is similar to heater 402, the following description will be limited to the differences between the two heaters, using the same references to identical or corresponding parts whenever possible.

[0187] In particular, heater 2002 differs from heater 402 in that heater 2002 includes an insert 2018 that is structurally and functionally similar to insert 118, but that is movable within tubular body 108 by a magnetic actuator 2031 that is substantially identical in structure and function to magnetic actuator 1531.

[0188] With this configuration, the insert 2018 is movable within the tubular body 108 without substantial assistance from fluid pressure exerted on the insert 2018 .

[0189] The operation of heater 2002 is similar to that of heater 1502 .

[0190] In figure 8c, number 2102 generally indicates an electromagnetic induction milk heater according to a further embodiment of the invention.

[0191] Because heater 2102 is similar to heater 502, the following description will be limited to the differences between the two heaters, using the same references for identical or corresponding parts whenever possible.

[0192] In particular, heater 2102 differs from heater 502 in that heater 2102 includes an insert 2118 that is structurally and functionally similar to insert 18, but is movable within tubular body 208 by magnetic actuator 2131 that is substantially identical in structure and function to magnetic actuator 1531.

[0193] With this configuration, the insert 2118 is movable within the tubular body 208 without substantial assistance from fluid pressure exerted on the insert 2118 .

[0194] The operation of heater 2102 is similar to that of heater 1502 .

[0195] In figure 8d, number 2202 generally indicates an electromagnetic induction milk heater according to a further embodiment of the invention.

[0196] Because heater 2202 is similar to heater 602, the following description will focus on the differences between the two heaters, using the same references to identical or corresponding parts whenever possible.

[0197] In particular, heater 2202 differs from heater 602 in that heater 2202 includes an insert 2218 that is structurally and functionally similar to insert 118, but that is movable within tubular body 8 by magnetic actuator 2231 that is substantially identical in structure and function to magnetic actuator 1531.

[0198] With this configuration, the insert 2218 is movable within the tubular body 8 without substantial assistance from fluid pressure exerted on the insert 2218 .

[0199] The operation of heater 2202 is similar to that of heater 1502 .

[0200] An analysis of the characteristics of the heaters 2, 102, 302, 403, 502, 602, 702, 802, 902, 1002, 1102, 1202, 1302, 1402, 1502, 1602, 1702, 1802, 1902, 2002, 2102, 2202 according to the present invention enables the reader to easily understand the advantages obtained thereby.

[0201] In particular, the helical shape of the flow passages 23, 123, 223, 323, 423, 523, 623, 723, 823, 923, 1023, 1123, 1223, 1323, 1423, 1523, 1623, 1723, 1823, 1923, 2023, 2123, 2223 ensures that the milk follows a longer path inside the tubular body 8 compared to a straight axial flow of milk. This allows the temperature of the milk to be precisely controlled. This solution proves to be particularly suitable in cases where low flow rates and high temperature accuracy are required, for example for beverages whose taste depends on the temperature of the milk.

[0202] Furthermore, the applicant has recognized that the heating of liquid milk achieved by an electromagnetic induction continuous flow water heater of the type described above is achieved without burning the fat contained therein and therefore does not alter the organoleptic properties of the milk.

[0203] Furthermore, where diverter members 325, 425, 525, 625, 725, 825, 925, 1025, 1125, 1225, 1325, 1425, 1525, 1625, 1725, 1825, 1925, 2025, 2125, 2225 are present in the flow passages 323, 423, 523, 623, 723, 823, 923, 1023, 1123, 1223, 1323, 1423, 1523, 1625, 1725, 1825, 1925, 2025, 2123, 2223, the passage sections of the flow passages may be changed, for example by selecting diverter members with different diameter turns, by simply changing the diverter members without necessarily changing or replacing the inserts or tubular bodies.

[0204] Furthermore, since the diverter member is elastically deformable and is arranged in contact with the inner surface of the tubular body, the axial movement of the turns of the diverter member during elastic deformation results in scraping and thus removal of possible milk accumulated on said inner surface during the installation phase.

[0205] It is particularly advantageous if said axial movement of the diverter member 1123, 1223, 1323, 1423, 1523, 1623, 1723, 1823, 1923, 2023, 2123, 2223 is controlled in an automatic manner by the pressure exerted by the milk through the insert 1118, 1218, 1318, 1418, or by activating an electromagnetic actuator to move the insert 1918, 2018, 2118, 2218, or additionally by both of the above solutions as far as the insert 1518, 1618, 1718, 1818 is involved.

[0206] Furthermore, when the insert 718 defines a flow passage 723, 823, 923, 1023 having a variable passage section along the axis A, a greater flow rate can be obtained compared to when a flow passage having a constant passage section along the axis A is used.

[0207] Obviously, the heaters 2, 102, 302, 403, 502, 602, 702, 802, 902, 1002, 1102, 1202, 1302, 1402, 1502, 1602, 1702, 1802, 1902, 2002, 2102, 2202 described and shown herein are subject to modifications and variations without exceeding the scope of protection defined in the appended claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0208] 1 machine 2, 102, 302, 403, 502, 602, 702, 802, 902, 1002, 1102, 1202, 1302, 1402, 1502, 1602, 1702, 1802, 1902, 2002, 2102, 2202 Electromagnetic induction continuous flow milk heater 3 Milk Circuit 7 Electrical supply circuit 8, 108, 208 Tubular body 10 Entrance 11 Exit 12 Windings 16 Spools 18, 118, 718, 1118, 1218, 1318, 1418, 1518, 1618, 1718, 1818, 1918, 2018, 2118, 2218 Insert 21, 121, 721, 1121, 1221, 1321, 1421, 1521, 1621, 1721, 1821, 1921, 2021, 2121, 2221 Exterior 22, 122, 222 Inside 23, 123, 223, 323, 423, 523, 623, 723, 823, 923, 1023, 1123, 1223, 1323, 1423, 1523, 1623, 1723, 1823, 1923, 2023, 2123, 2223 Spiral flow path 625, 1425, 1525, 1825, 2225 Diverter parts 1531, 1631, 1731, 1831, 1931, 2031, 2131, 2231 Magnetic Actuators 1532 Fixed Solenoid 1533 Permanent Magnets

Claims

1. An electromagnetic induction type continuous flow milk heater (2, 102, 302, 403, 502, 602, 702, 802, 902, 1002, 1102, 1202, 1302, 1402, 1502, 1602, 1702, 1802, 1902, 2002, 2102, 2202) for use in an automatic beverage vending machine (1), The heater, a tubular body (8, 108, 208) having a longitudinal axis (A) and including at least one inlet (10) configured to receive liquid milk to be heated and to supply said milk to said tubular body (8, 108, 208) in use, and an outlet (11) through which the liquid heated milk leaves said tubular body (8, 108, 208); an electrical winding (12) wound around said tubular body (8, 108, 208) and which can be electrically powered to generate an electromagnetic induction field; the tubular body (8, 108, 208) is made of a conductive material so that it is heated by electromagnetic induction under the effect of the electromagnetic induction field; the heater further comprises an insert (18, 118, 718, 1118, 1218, 1318, 1418, 1518, 1618, 1718, 1818, 1918, 2018, 2118, 2218) housed within the tubular body (8, 108, 208) and extending along the longitudinal axis (A); The heater further comprises a spiral flow path (23, 123, 223, 323, 423, 523, 623, 723, 823, 923, 1023, 1123, 1223, 1323, 1423, 1523, 1623, 1723, 1823, 1923, 2023, 2123, 2223) for the milk, the flow path being oriented around the longitudinal axis (A).

21. An electromagnetic induction continuous flow milk heater, comprising: an insert (10; 108; 208) having a first end (12; 122; 222) and a second end (13; 14; 15; 16; 17; 18; 19; 20; 21; 2221) and a second end (14; 15; 16; 17; 18; 19; 20; 21; 2221) and a second end (15; 16; 17; 18; 19; 20; 21; 2221) and a third end (15; 16; 17; 18; 19; 20; 21; 2221) and a fourth ...

2. The insert (18, 718, 1118, 1318, 1518, 1718, 1918, 2118) extends on the outer surface (21, 721, 1121, 1321, 1521, 1721, 1921, 2121) of the insert about the longitudinal axis (A) and is disposed in contact with the inner surface (22, 222) of the tubular body (8, 208) to define the flow passage (23, 223, 323, 523, 723, 823, 923, 1023, 1123, 132 2. The heater of claim 1, further comprising a threading (19, 719, 1119, 1319, 1519, 1719, 1919, 2119) defining a first helix apex (20, 720, 1120, 1320, 1520, 1720, 1920, 2120) that defines a first helix apex (20, 720, 1120, 1320, 1520, 1720, 1920, 2123).

3. the tubular body (208) includes a second helix apex (220) extending on the inner surface (222) of the tubular body (208) about the longitudinal axis (A); 3. The heater of claim 2, wherein the apex of the first spiral and the apex of the second spiral define the flow path at least between each other.

4. 2. The heater (102, 402, 1202, 1602, 2002) of claim 1, wherein the tubular body (108) comprises an apex (120) of a spiral extending on the inner surface (122) of the tubular body (108) about the longitudinal axis (A) and positioned in contact with the outer surface (121, 1221, 1621, 2021) of the insert (118, 1218, 1618, 2018) to define the flow path (123, 423, 1223, 1623, 2023), and the outer surface of the insert is cylindrical and parallel to the longitudinal axis (A).

5. and disposed within the flow passage (323, 423, 523, 623, 723, 823, 923, 1023, 1123, 1223, 1323, 1423, 1523, 1623, 1723, 1823, 1923, 2023, 2123, 2223), the insert (18, 118, 718, 1118, 1218, 1318, 1418, 1518, 1618, 1718, 1818, 1 a milk flow diverter member (325, 425, 525, 625, 725, 825, 925, 1025, 1125, 1225, 1325, 1425, 1525, 1625, 1725, 1825, 1925, 2025, 2125, 2225) carried by a milk flow diverter (325, 425, 525, 625, 725, 825, 925, 1025, 1125, 1225, 1325, 1425, 1525, 1625, 1725, 1825, 1925, 2025, 2125, 2225) having a helical shape about said longitudinal axis (A), The heater of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the diverter member is disposed in contact with the inner surface (22, 122, 222) of the tubular body (8, 108, 208).

6. the inner surface (22) of the tubular body (8) and the outer surface (121, 1421, 1821, 2221) of the insert (118, 1418, 1818, 2218) are cylindrical and parallel to the longitudinal axis (A); the diverter member (625, 1425, 1825, 2225) is spirally wound around the insert (118, 1418, 1818, 2218) and is disposed in contact with the inner surface (22) of the tubular body (8) and the outer surface (121, 1421, 1821, 2221) of the insert (118, 1418, 1818, 2218); The heater (602, 1402, 1802, 2202) of claim 5, relying only on claim 1, wherein the flow path (623, 1423, 1823, 2223) is further defined by a portion of an outer surface of the diverter member (625, 1425, 1825, 2225).

7. the diverter member (325, 425, 525, 625, 725, 825, 925, 1025, 1125, 1225, 1325, 1425, 1525, 1625, 1725, 1825, 1925, 2025, 2125, 2225) is elastically deformable along the longitudinal axis (A) and, when undeformed, has an axial length that is greater than an axial length of the insert (18, 118, 718, 1118, 1218, 1318, 1418, 1518, 1618, 1718, 1818, 1918, 2018, 2118, 2218); 7. The heater according to claim 5, wherein the diverter member is in an elastically deformed state in an assembled state.

8. 8. The heater (702, 802, 902, 1002) of claim 1, wherein the flow path (723, 823, 923, 1023) has passage sections with variable axial cross-sectional areas along the longitudinal axis (A).

9. 9. The heater (1102, 1202, 1302, 1402, 1502, 1602, 1702, 1802, 1902, 2002, 2102, 2202) of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the insert (1118, 1218, 1318, 1418, 1518, 1618, 1718, 1818, 1918, 2018, 2118, 2218) is movable within the tubular body (8, 108, 208) at least between a first position in which the insert is positioned closest to the inlet (10) and a second position in which the insert is positioned closest to the outlet (11).

10. 10. The heater of claim 9, wherein the insert includes a closure configured to fluid-tightly seal the inlet when the insert is disposed in the first position.

11. 11. The heater (1102, 1202, 1302, 1402, 1502, 1602, 1702, 1802) of claim 10, wherein the insert (1118, 1218, 1318, 1418, 1518, 1618, 1718, 1818) is movable within the tubular body (8, 108, 208) by the pressure of the milk flow acting on the insert itself at the inlet (10).

12. The heater (1502, 1602, 1802, 1902, 2002, 2102, 2202) of claim 9, wherein the insert (1518, 1618, 1718, 1818, 1918, 2018, 2118, 2218) is movable within the tubular body (8, 108, 208) by a magnetic actuator (1531, 1631, 1731, 1831, 1931, 2031, 2131, 2231) configured to control movement of the insert between the first position and the second position.

13. 13. The heater of claim 1, wherein the winding (12) is wound directly around the tubular body (8, 108, 208) or the winding is wound around a spool (16) co-molded with the tubular body (8, 108, 208).

14. A machine (1) for preparing hot beverages, comprising: - an electromagnetic induction continuous flow milk heater (2, 102, 302, 403, 502, 602, 702, 802, 902, 1002, 1102, 1202, 1302, 1402, 1502, 1602, 1702, 1802, 1902, 2002, 2102, 2202) according to any one of claims 1 to 13, a milk circuit (3) fluidly connected to said milk heater and supplying said milk heater with a flow of milk; - an electrical supply circuit (7) electrically connected to said winding (12) and adapted to electrically power said winding; A machine (1) equipped with the above.

15. 14. Use of an electromagnetic induction continuous flow heater (2, 102, 302, 403, 502, 602, 702, 802, 902, 1002, 1102, 1202, 1302, 1402, 1502, 1602, 1702, 1802, 1902, 2002, 2102, 2202) according to any one of claims 1 to 13 for heating milk in a machine (1) for making hot beverages.

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