Disaster prevention equipment

Abstract

To solve the problems of necessity of a large amount of water in order to make all combustible sediment into an incombustible state by discharging water on the sediment in the case of a fire and difficulty in using the combustible sediment as fuel when the combustible sediment is wet with water in the case that the combustible sediment is biomass fuel.SOLUTION: A disaster prevention facility comprises: water discharging means for discharging water on different areas of stored combustible sediment; water discharge control means for performing water discharge control on the water discharging means; an infrared camera for imaging the stored combustible sediment from above; and water discharge area determination means for determining a water discharge area using a picture imaged by the infrared camera.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a fire extinguishing system, and more particularly to a disaster prevention facility useful for facilities where combustible materials such as biomass fuels are piled up. [Background technology]

[0002] Biomass fuels using biological resources such as wood chips and wood pellets are used as fuels for thermal power generation to replace fossil fuels such as heavy oil. Biomass fuels are considered to emit virtually no carbon dioxide because they use resources that have absorbed carbon dioxide through photosynthesis, and are beginning to be used as a measure against global warming. Such biomass fuels need to be stored in large quantities near thermal power plants. However, large amounts of flammable deposits may spontaneously ignite due to the temperature rise caused by fermentation. Patent Document 1 describes an invention that uses a fire extinguishing nozzle equipped with a fire detection means to identify the direction of the fire source and extinguish the fire in the event of a fire. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 3972168 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] Biomass fuels such as wood chips and wood pellets are stored in large quantities in storage facilities. In the event of a fire in a storage facility, a large amount of water is required to spray water on all biomass fuels to extinguish the fire. In addition, biomass fuels that are wet with water are difficult to use as fuel. Therefore, instead of spraying water on the entire facility at once, it is possible to detect the location of the fire (smoke or flames) using a fire extinguishing nozzle equipped with the fire detection means of Patent Document 1, and spray water from the fire extinguishing nozzle only on that location and its vicinity. However, since these biomass fuels are solid fuels and stored in piles, their top surfaces are generally not flat. The top surface of biomass fuels becomes uneven due to the work of carrying it in and out. And smoke and flames may occur in the recesses. In that case, the fire detection means of Patent Document 1 cannot determine the target of the water spray. In addition, even if an operator tries to extinguish a fire by manually remotely operating a water spray nozzle, the location of the smoke and flames arising from the top of the accumulated biomass fuel cannot be seen from the floor, and the direction of the water spray cannot be determined. This is also true for storage facilities for other combustible deposits such as coal. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] The present invention relates to Biomass warehouse for storing biomass fuel A disaster prevention facility installed in An area discharge pipe is provided for each of a plurality of divided areas from the entrance of the biomass warehouse toward the back of the biomass warehouse, and each of the area discharge pipes Area water discharge El A water discharge means, a water discharge control means for controlling the water discharge means, and a stored Biomass fuel An infrared camera photographs the above, and the image captured by the infrared camera is The area where water is discharged and a water discharge area determination means for determining the water discharge area. Effect of the Invention

[0006] According to the present invention, even if the location of a fire in combustible piles stored in a storage facility is difficult to see, it is possible to grasp the location and spray water only on the fire site and its surroundings. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0007] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a water discharge means in the biomass warehouse of the first embodiment. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the positions of infrared cameras in the biomass warehouse of Example 1. [Diagram 3] FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a display means and a water discharge control means according to the first embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a display means and a water discharge control means according to the first embodiment. [Diagram 5] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the position of an infrared camera in a biomass warehouse in Example 2. [Figure 6] FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a display means and a water discharge control means according to the second embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0008] The following describes an example of a disaster prevention facility for a storage facility that stores biomass fuel. Biomass fuel, which is a combustible deposit, is stored in a biomass warehouse, which is a storage facility, and is used as fuel for biomass power generation. EXAMPLES

[0009] FIG. 1 shows a biomass warehouse 2 storing biomass fuel 1 in Example 1, and a water discharge means 3. FIG. 1(a) is a side cross-sectional view of the biomass warehouse 2, and FIG. 1(b) is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the upper part of the biomass warehouse 2. The opening of the entrance 22 does not reach the vicinity of the ceiling of the biomass warehouse 2, but FIG. 1(b) also shows the entrance 22. As shown in FIG. 1(a), biomass fuel 1 such as wood pellets is stored in a pile in the biomass warehouse 2. The biomass warehouse 2 has an entrance 22 with a door 21. From the entrance 22 toward the back of the biomass warehouse 2, it is divided into a plurality of areas 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D, and an annular area water discharge pipe 31 is provided for each area at the top. Each area water discharge pipe 31 is provided with a plurality of water spray heads 32. The water discharge means 3 includes the area water discharge pipe 31, the water spray head 32, a branch pipe 33, and a main pipe 34.

[0010] Each of the circular area discharge pipes 31 is connected to a branch pipe 33 provided for each area, and the branch pipe 33 is connected to one main pipe 34. A branch valve 41 is provided midway on each of the branch pipes 33, and the base of the main pipe 34 is connected to a pump (not shown) via a main valve 42. A branch valve control line 43 is connected to each of the branch valves 41, and a main valve control line 44 is connected to the main valve 42. The branch valve 41, the main valve 42, the branch valve control line 43, and the main valve control line 44 form a discharge control means 4. The discharge control means 4 controls the discharge of the water discharge means 3 for each of the areas 2A to 2D. The branch valve control line 43 is connected to an operation panel 51 provided on the wall of the biomass warehouse 2, and the main valve control line 44 is connected to a control panel 7 provided in a control room (not shown).

[0011] An operator 9 determines which of the areas 2A to 2D is to be sprayed with water on the operation panel 51. In the control room, the pump is started up using the control panel 7, and the main valve 42 is opened and closed via the main valve control line 44.

[0012] FIG. 1(a) shows a fire 8 that has broken out in a biomass fuel 1. The biomass fuel 1 generates heat due to decomposition by microorganisms. A large amount of biomass fuel 1 is piled up in the biomass warehouse 2, and the heat generated inside is difficult to dissipate. When the heat exceeds the ignition point, the biomass fuel 1 burns, causing a fire 8. When the fire 8 breaks out, smoke is generated and passes through the gaps in the biomass fuel 1, and is released into the space of the biomass warehouse 2. In some cases, the smoke that reaches the top surface of the biomass fuel 1 reacts with a large amount of oxygen to generate a flame. Then, the fire 8 is detected by an air tube type heat detector (not shown), and a fire alarm is issued on the control panel 7 side via a signal line (not shown). This heat detector can also be installed in each of the areas 2A to 2D. Note that an infrared camera 6 may be used as a means for detecting the fire 8 instead of a heat detector. In this case, if a fire breaks out in the biomass warehouse 2, the ignition inside the biomass warehouse 2 will be detected by image analysis of an image detection device (not shown) connected to the infrared camera 6, and a fire alarm will be issued on the control panel 7 side.

[0013] When a fire alarm is issued, the fire 8 is extinguished by spraying water, but spraying water over the entire interior of the biomass warehouse 2 requires a large amount of water to extinguish the fire. Also, it is cost-prohibitive to configure water-spraying equipment such as pumps to be capable of spraying a large amount of water in a short period of time. Furthermore, spraying water over the entire interior of the biomass warehouse 2 would result in all of the biomass fuel 1 becoming hydrated. Since hydrated biomass fuel 1 cannot be used as fuel, it is desirable that at least some of the biomass fuel 1 remains unhydrated. For these reasons, water is selectively sprayed over the area where the fire 8 has occurred.

[0014] When a fire 8 breaks out, a fire alarm causes a worker 9 to rush to the biomass warehouse 2. The worker 9 then confirms the approximate location of the fire 8 from the smoke or flames, and selectively sprays water on areas 2A to 2D depending on the confirmed location. However, as shown in FIG. 1(a), since the biomass fuel 1 is piled up in a large pile, it is difficult for the worker 9 to confirm the location of the smoke or flames 81 on top of the biomass fuel 1. Therefore, in Example 1, the location of the smoke or flames 81 is confirmed using multiple infrared cameras 6 installed near the ceiling of the biomass warehouse 2.

[0015] FIG. 2 shows the biomass warehouse 2 in which the biomass fuel 1 is stored in the first embodiment, and an infrared camera 6. FIG. 2(a) is a side cross-sectional view of the biomass warehouse 2, and FIG. 2(b) is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the upper part of the biomass warehouse 2. A plurality of infrared cameras 6 are provided on the upper side of the biomass warehouse 2, which is a storage facility. Each of the infrared cameras 6 is provided at the upper part of the same inner wall surface of the biomass warehouse 2, at the boundary position of the areas 2A to 2D. As shown in FIG. 2(a), the biomass fuel 1 of wood pellets is stored in a pile in the biomass warehouse 2. In the biomass warehouse 2, the storage limit height of the biomass fuel 1 is determined, and it is not to be piled up above the limit height. In this embodiment, the biomass fuel 1 is piled up in the biomass warehouse 2 with a limit of 3 / 4 of the height from the floor to the ceiling. The infrared camera 6 is provided on the upper part of the wall surface of the biomass warehouse 2, near the ceiling, and the biomass fuel 1 is not to be piled up higher than the limit height. Therefore, the infrared camera 6 can capture almost the entire top surface of the biomass fuel 1 .

[0016] The infrared camera 6 can also be installed in the center of the ceiling instead of on a wall. When installed in the center of the ceiling, if the accumulation of biomass fuel 1 is small, it is possible to capture an image of the entire biomass fuel 1. However, if the biomass fuel 1 has accumulated close to the limit height of the biomass warehouse 2, the range that can be captured is limited, so it is preferable to install the infrared camera 6 on a wall. When installing the infrared camera 6 on a wall, it is installed so that it can capture an image of the upper part (limit height) of the wall opposite the wall on which the infrared camera 6 is installed. If the biomass warehouse 2 is large and it is not possible to monitor the biomass warehouse 2 with a single infrared camera, the infrared cameras 6 are installed facing both walls.

[0017] In the first embodiment, the images captured by the infrared cameras 6 are moving images, and the images are simultaneously sent from all the infrared cameras 6 to the video wiring 61. As shown in FIG. 2(b), the infrared cameras 6 are installed at the boundaries of the areas 2A to 2D. Therefore, a worker 9 looking at an image captured by any of the infrared cameras 6 can easily determine the area where water should be sprayed, depending on whether smoke or flames 81 are occurring to the left or right of the captured image.

[0018] 3 shows an infrared camera 6 and a water discharge area determination means 5. The infrared camera 6, which is provided near the ceiling of the biomass warehouse 2, is connected to a display means 52 and a control panel 7 via a video wiring 61. The control panel 7 is provided in a control room, and a main valve 42 is connected to the control panel 7 via a main valve control line 44. Also, in the biomass warehouse 2, an operation panel 51 (also called an on-site operation panel) is provided next to the display means 52. The operation panel 51 is connected to the branch valves 41 in each area via a plurality of branch valve control lines 43. Although not shown, the plurality of branch valve control lines 43 may be connected to the control panel 7, and the opening and closing of the branch valves 41 may be controlled on the control panel 7 side.

[0019] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, when a fire 8 breaks out in the biomass fuel 1, smoke and flames 81 appear at the top of the biomass fuel 1. All infrared cameras 6 simultaneously send video images to the control panel 7. An alarm is sounded when the thermal detector detects heat such as smoke or flames 81. In the control room, a manager checks the images captured by the infrared cameras 6, and if he determines that a fire 8 has broken out, he operates the control panel 7 to send an open signal to the main valve control line 44 and instructs workers 9 to spray water.

[0020] The worker 9 who received the instructions rushes to the biomass warehouse 2, visually confirms the situation inside the biomass warehouse 2, and checks the display means 52 installed on the outer wall. FIG. 4 shows the display means 52 and the operation panel 51 installed on the outer wall of the biomass warehouse 2. The display means 52 has a display unit 521 at the top, and a camera layout diagram 522 showing the layout of the infrared cameras 6 in the biomass warehouse 2 is provided below it, and a camera selection button 523 is provided at the position of the infrared camera 6 on the camera layout diagram 522. Note that this operation panel 51, called the local operation panel installed on-site, usually only has the function of operating the water discharge means 3. As will be described in the following embodiment, the operation panel 51 and the display means 52 may be integrated. That is, in addition to the switches for operating the water discharge means 3, the operation panel 51 may be provided with a monitor as a display unit that displays the image of the infrared camera 6, and a switch for switching the image of each camera may be provided, so that the operation unit and the display unit are provided on one panel.

[0021] A video of an image captured by the infrared camera 6 that detects the characteristics of smoke or flame 81 is automatically selected and displayed on the display unit 521, and the corresponding camera selection button 523 is illuminated. The worker 9 can switch the video of the infrared camera 6 displayed on the display unit 521 by pressing the camera selection button 523. Then, the worker 9 determines which area to spray water on based on the position of the smoke or flame 81 in the captured image. For example, if the infrared camera 6 in c of FIG. 4 is selected and the position of the smoke or flame 81 is displayed on the right side of the display unit 521 in the captured image, the worker 9 can determine to spray water on D (area 2D in FIG. 1) based on the camera layout diagram 522 and the position of the camera selection button 523. Then, the worker 9 selects and presses the button D from the operation switch 511 of the operation panel 51, and the branch valve 41 of area 2D opens via the branch valve control line 43, and water is sprayed from the water spray head 32. Since water is being sprayed on the right side of the display unit 521, the worker 9 can confirm that water is being sprayed in the area 2D based on the camera layout diagram 522 and the position of the camera selection button 523.

[0022] The water discharge area determination means 5 automatically stops water discharge after a predetermined time. This prevents excessive water discharge after extinguishing the fire. During water discharge, the sprayed water becomes an obstacle and smoke and flames 81 are not displayed on the display unit 521, but when water discharge is stopped, smoke and flames 81 can be confirmed on the display unit 521 if they exist. When water discharge is stopped, the worker 9 checks the status of the smoke and flames 81 on the display unit 521. If the fire 8 is in a shallow position in the biomass fuel 1, it may be extinguished in one water discharge period, but if the fire 8 is in a deep position in the biomass fuel 1, it is highly likely that multiple water discharge periods will be required. If the fire is not extinguished, the smoke and flames 81 will occur again. At this time, the position of the smoke and flames 81 may be shifted from the position before the water discharge. After the water discharge is stopped, the worker 9 checks the smoke and flames 81 by switching the infrared camera 6 on the display means 52 shown in FIG. 4. If smoke or flames 81 are found, the area to spray water on is determined by pressing the operation switch 511 on the operation panel 51, and water is sprayed again. The water-spraying area determination means 5 automatically stops spraying water after spraying for a predetermined period of time. The worker 9 repeats checking the smoke or flames 81 on the display unit 521 and spraying water using the operation panel 51 until the fire is extinguished. EXAMPLES

[0023] In the first embodiment, the infrared cameras 6 are installed on the upper part of the same inner wall surface of the biomass warehouse 2, but may be installed in other positions. FIG. 5 shows the biomass warehouse 2 storing the biomass fuel 1 and the infrared camera 6 in the second embodiment. FIG. 5(a) is a side cross-sectional view of the biomass warehouse 2, and FIG. 5(b) is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the upper part of the biomass warehouse 2. In the second embodiment, the infrared cameras 6 are alternately installed on the upper part of the opposing inner wall surfaces of the biomass warehouse 2. By arranging the cameras in this way, it is possible to reduce the blind spots of the monitoring area with a small number of infrared cameras 6. In the second embodiment, a composite image obtained by combining the images captured by all the infrared cameras 6 is displayed on the display unit 531 of the display means 53. Then, as in the first embodiment, a video image which is the images captured by all the infrared cameras 6 is transmitted simultaneously.

[0024] 6 shows the display means 53 displaying the composite image. In the second embodiment, the display unit 531 is a touch panel and is integrated with the operation panel. In addition to the composite image, the display unit 531 displays a composite image of the infrared camera 6, the entrance / exit 22, etc., and also displays dotted lines indicating the boundaries of the four areas. By touching any of the four areas displayed, the branch valve 41 of the touched area opens, and water is sprayed from the water spray head 32. The status of the water spray can be confirmed from the composite image.

[0025] As in the first embodiment, the water discharge area determination means 5 in the second embodiment automatically stops water discharge after a predetermined time. Then, the worker 9 can touch the display unit 531 to determine the area and spray water again.

[0026] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to these embodiments, and the present invention includes design changes and the like that do not deviate from the gist of the present invention. In addition, the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined by utilizing each other's technologies as long as there are no particular contradictions or problems in the purpose, configuration, etc.

[0027] In the embodiment, a biomass warehouse is used as an example of a storage facility, but it may also be used for a garbage pit or a coal silo. Also, instead of manually determining the water discharge area of ​​a plurality of areas, the area where smoke or flames are located may be automatically determined by the water discharge area determination means and water may be discharged. Even in the case of this automatic determination, the water discharge may be stopped after a predetermined time of water discharge, and the area where smoke or flames are located may be automatically determined again by the water discharge area determination means and water may be discharged. Also, the water discharge area may be automatically determined only for the first water discharge, and then manually determined by the worker 9 from the second time onwards. In this case, water spraying can start before the worker 9 rushes to the biomass warehouse 2.

[0028] In the biomass warehouse 2 of this embodiment, the biomass fuel 1, which is a combustible deposit, is accumulated to a limit of ¾ of the height from the floor to the ceiling. However, the biomass fuel 1, which is a combustible deposit, may be accumulated to a limit of ¼ to ¾ of the height from the floor to the ceiling. In the case of a storage facility with the above-mentioned height limit, the position of the smoke or flames 81 can be roughly captured by the infrared camera 6.

[0029] In the first and second embodiments, images captured by all the infrared cameras 6 are transmitted simultaneously as a video. However, the videos of the infrared cameras 6 may be transmitted sequentially. In this case, the images captured by each infrared camera 6 may be displayed in sequence on the display unit 531. Moreover, the captured images may be transmitted as still images at a predetermined time interval.

[0030] In addition, in the first and second embodiments, the water discharge means for discharging water to each area is described as the annular area water discharge pipe 31 and the water spray head 32 provided above each area, but the water discharge means is not limited to this. For example, the fire extinguishing nozzle equipped with the fire detection means described in the prior art may be used as the water discharge means. This water discharge means can discharge water to different areas of the warehouse storing flammable deposits by controlling the elevation and depression angles and the rotation angle of the fire extinguishing nozzle, and can discharge water to the determined water discharge area. [Explanation of symbols]

[0031] 1 biomass fuel, 2 biomass warehouse, 2A~2D areas, 21 door, 22 entrance / exit, 3 water discharge means, 31 area water discharge pipe, 32 water spray head, 33 branch pipe, 34 main pipe, 4 water discharge control means, 41 branch pipe valve, 42 main pipe valve, 43 branch pipe valve control line, 44 main pipe valve control line, 5 water discharge area determination means, 51 operation panel, 511 operation switch, 52 display means, 521 display unit, 522 camera layout diagram, 523 camera selection button, 53 display means, 531 display unit, 6 infrared camera, 61 video wiring, 7 control panel, 8 fire, 81 smoke or flame, 9 worker

Claims

1. A disaster prevention system to be installed in a biomass warehouse that stores biomass fuel, An area discharge pipe is provided for each of a plurality of divided areas from the entrance / exit of the biomass warehouse toward the back of the biomass warehouse, A water discharge means for performing area water discharge for each of the area water discharge pipes; A water discharge control means for controlling the water discharge means; An infrared camera that photographs the stored biomass fuel from above; A water discharge area determination means for determining the area water discharge pipe to discharge water from the image captured by the infrared camera; A disaster prevention facility characterized by comprising:

2. A display means and an operation panel are provided on the outer wall of the biomass warehouse, 2. The disaster prevention equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the display means displays an image from the infrared camera, and the control panel is provided with an operation switch for opening a branch pipe valve in a branch pipe provided in each of the area discharge pipes.

3. Disaster prevention equipment as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the infrared camera is installed at a position on the boundary of the area.

4. In the biomass warehouse, biomass fuel is piled up to 1 / 4 to 3 / 4 of the height from the floor to the ceiling, A plurality of the infrared cameras are provided on the upper side of the biomass warehouse, 4. The disaster prevention system according to claim 1, wherein the water discharge area determination means combines the images captured by the multiple infrared cameras.

Images