Riflescope turret with tool-less zero adjustment

Abstract

To provide a riflescope that allows for zero adjustment without the need for additional tools and / or the need for removal of components while retaining additional features desired by a user. [Solution] The riflescope has a scope body, a movable optical element, a turret, and a zero and adjustment subassembly, the turret including a turret screw, a turret chassis subassembly, and a turret cap, the turret screw defines a screw axis and is operably connected to the optical element, the turret cap at least partially overlaps the turret chassis subassembly, the zero adjustment subassembly includes a zero cap and locking mechanism connected to the turret screw, the locking mechanism releasably secures the zero cap and turret, and the zero adjustment subassembly allows adjustment of the zero without the use of tools.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application is a nonprovisional application and claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62 / 789,769, filed January 8, 2019, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety herein.

[0002] The present disclosure relates to a riflescope turret and, more particularly, to a riflescope turret having tool-less adjustment capabilities. [Background technology]

[0003] In the context of riflescopes, there are several features of a riflescope turret that are highly desirable to users: the ability to lock the turret into a dial adjustment position, the inclusion of a zero stop mechanism, an infinitely variable zero function, a tactile and visible rotation indicator, and a clear and positive clicking of the turret between each dial adjustment position.

[0004] It is extremely important for the user to know exactly how far the reticle has been adjusted. Thus, the clear, tactile, and audible click of the turret as it moves through each indicator allows the user to dial in the proper elevation without having to read the indicator engraved on the turret cap. The tactile and visible rotation indicator is also extremely important because the turret cap can rotate through several revolutions and the shooter must know which revolution the turret is on so that the movement of the reticle relative to zero is known. The tactile rotation indicator and audible click utilize a sense other than sight, which allows the user to remain in place behind the riflescope, thus reducing the time required to make an accurate shot. Once the compensation is dialed into the turret, locking the turret to prevent it from being changed accidentally gives the shooter confidence in continuing to handle the rifle without the risk of changing the settings. The zero stop mechanism allows the user to easily return the scope to zero after dialing the compensation into the turret and is another feature that is highly desired by end users.

[0005] In addition to dialing in the turret to compensate for environmental conditions, another vital task is the zeroing process. Before dialing in the turret from zero as described above, the zero must be established for a given scope, rifle, and ammunition combination. Current turrets that contain one or more of the above features (e.g., the ability to lock the turret in a dialed position, the inclusion of a zero stop mechanism, an infinitely variable zero function, a tactile and visible rotation indicator, and a clear and positive clicking of the turret between each dialed position) often require complicated methods for zeroing the scope after it is mounted on the rifle. For example, many turrets require the removal of components and additional tools from the turret. Removal of components from the turret creates unnecessary entry points for moisture and debris. Furthermore, the more components that are removed, the greater the risk of losing or damaging the components (e.g., wear and tear). The requirement for additional tools increases the amount of equipment that a shooter must pack and carry. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] U.S. Pat. No. 8,919,026 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] Thus, a need exists for a riflescope turret that allows for zero adjustment without the need for additional tools and / or removal of components while still retaining additional features desired by users (e.g., the ability to lock the turret in a dial adjustment position, the provision of a zero stop mechanism, an infinitely variable zero function, a tactile and visible rotation indicator, and a clear and positive clicking of the turret between each dial adjustment position). [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] In one embodiment, the present disclosure provides a riflescope including a turret with a zero adjustment subassembly. In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, the riflescope includes a scope body, a movable optical element connected to the scope body defining an optical axis, a turret including (A) a turret screw defining a screw axis and operably connected to the optical element for adjusting the optical axis in response to rotation of the screw, (B) a turret chassis subassembly, and (C) a turret cap at least partially overlapping the turret chassis subassembly, and a zero adjustment subassembly including (A) a zero cap connected to the turret screw and (B) a locking mechanism for releasably securing the zero cap and the turret.

[0009] In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, the locking mechanism for the zero adjustment subassembly includes a lock ring, a cam ring, and a plurality of spring followers. In accordance with yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the locking mechanism for the zero adjustment subassembly includes a lever, a conical wedge, and a collet. In accordance with yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the locking mechanism for the zero adjustment subassembly includes a brake disc and a locking ring.

[0010] Other embodiments will be apparent from consideration of the drawings in conjunction with the detailed description of the invention. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0011] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a side view of an embodiment of a riflescope in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a turret taken along line 2-2 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is an isometric view of an exemplary turret according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the turret of FIG. 2 taken along line 4-4 in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Diagram 5] FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the turret of FIG. 2 taken along line 5-5 in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 6] FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of yet another embodiment of a turret in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 7] FIG. 13 is an isometric view of yet another embodiment of a turret in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a turret taken along line 8-8 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a turret taken along line 9-9 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 10] FIG. 13 is an isometric view of yet another embodiment of a turret in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a turret taken along line 11-11 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a turret taken along line 12-12 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is a top perspective exploded view of a turret screw subassembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 14] FIG. 2 is a top perspective exploded view of a turret screw subassembly and turret housing in accordance with a disclosed embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 15] FIG. 2 is a top perspective view of a turret chassis and indicator according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 16A] FIG. 2 is a top perspective view of a cam disc according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 16B] FIG. 2 is a bottom perspective view of a cam disc according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 17] FIG. 2 is a top view of a cam disk inserted into a turret chassis according to a disclosed embodiment of the present invention with the cam disk partially transparent. [Figure 18A]FIG. 2 is a top perspective exploded view of a turret chassis subassembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 18B] FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional view of a turret chassis subassembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 19A] FIG. 2 is a top perspective exploded view of a turret chassis subassembly, a turret screw subassembly, and a turret housing in accordance with a disclosed embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 19B] FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional view of a turret chassis subassembly, a turret screw subassembly, and a turret housing according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0012] The apparatus and methods disclosed herein will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show embodiments of the disclosure of the invention. The apparatus and methods disclosed herein may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0013] It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the set of features and / or functions can be readily adapted within the context of stand-alone weapon sights, front- or rear-mounted clip-on sights, and other permutations of a range of fielded optical weapon sights. Additionally, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various combinations of the features and functions can be incorporated into add-on modules for retrofitting any type of existing fixed or adjustable weapon sight.

[0014] When an element or layer is referred to as being "on," "connected" to, or "coupled" to another element or layer, it will be understood that it can be directly on, connected to, or coupled to the other element or layer. Alternatively, intervening elements or layers may be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly on," "directly connected to," or "directly coupled" to another element or layer, no intervening elements or layers are present.

[0015] Like numbers refer to like elements throughout. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes all combinations of one or more of the associated described items.

[0016] Although the terms first, second, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, and / or sections, it will be understood that these elements, components, regions, and / or sections are not limited by these terms. These terms are merely used to distinguish one element, component, region, or section from another element, component, region, or section. Thus, a first element, component, region, or section described below can be referred to as a second element, component, region, or section without departing from the disclosure of the present invention.

[0017] Spatially relative terms such as "below," "lower," "lower side," "upper," and "above" may be used herein for ease of illustration to describe the relationship of one element or feature to another element or feature as shown in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device during use or operation in addition to the orientation shown in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is inverted, an element described as "below" or "below" the other element or feature would be oriented "above" the other element or feature. Thus, the exemplary term "below" can encompass both an orientation of up and down. The device can be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein can be interpreted accordingly.

[0018] All patents, patent applications, and non-patent references are incorporated herein in their entirety.

[0019] definition Numerical ranges in the present disclosure are approximate and therefore may include values ​​outside the range unless otherwise indicated. Numerical ranges include all values ​​from and including lower and upper values ​​in increments of one unit, provided that there is a separation of at least two units between any lower value and any higher value. For example, if a structural, physical, or other property, such as molecular weight, viscosity, is 100 to 1,000, all individual values ​​such as 100, 101, 102, and subranges such as 100 to 144, 155 to 170, 197 to 200 are intended to be explicitly enumerated. For ranges that include values ​​that are less than 1 or include decimal numbers greater than 1 (such as 1.1, 1.5), one unit is considered to be 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, or 0.1, as appropriate. For ranges that include single digit numbers less than 10 (such as 1 to 5), one unit is typically considered to be 0.1. These are merely examples of what is specifically intended, and all possible combinations of numerical values ​​between the minimum and maximum values ​​enumerated are expressly intended to be set forth in this disclosure. Numerical ranges are given in this disclosure, among other things, for distances from the user of the device to the target.

[0020] The term "and / or" as used herein in phrases such as "A and / or B" is intended to include both A and B, A or B, A (alone), and B (alone). Similarly, the term "and / or" as used in phrases such as "A, B, and / or C" is intended to encompass each of the following embodiments: A, B, and C, A, B, or C, A or C, A or B, B or C, A and C, A and B, B and C, A (alone), B (alone), and C (alone).

[0021] As used herein, an "erector sleeve" is a protrusion from an erector lens mount that engages with a slot in the erector tube and / or cam tube or serves a similar purpose. It is understood that this can be integral or separable from the mount.

[0022] As used herein, an "erector tube" is any structure or device having an opening that accepts an erector lens mount.

[0023] As used herein, a "firearm" is a handgun, which is a weapon having a barrel that propels one or more projectiles, often driven by the action of explosive force. As used herein, the term "firearm" includes handguns, long guns, rifles, shotguns, carbines, automatic weapons, semi-automatic weapons, machine guns, light machine guns, automatic rifles, and assault rifles.

[0024] The term "visual optics" as used herein refers to devices used by a shooter or observer to select, identify, or monitor a target. "Visual optics" may rely on visual observation of a target, or on, for example, infrared (IR), ultraviolet (UV), radar, thermal, microwave, or magnetic imaging of the target, radiation including x-ray, gamma ray, isotopic and particle radiation, night vision, ultrasound, sonic pulse, sonar, seismic vibration, magnetic resonance, vibration receptors including gravity receptors, radio, broadcast frequency including television and cellular receptors, or other images. The image of the target presented to the shooter by the "visual optics" device may be unaltered or may be improved, for example, by magnification, amplification, subtraction, overlap, filtering, stabilization, template matching, or other means. The target selected, identified, or monitored by the "visual optics" may be within the shooter's line of sight or tangential to the shooter's field of view, or the shooter's line of sight may be obstructed while the target acquisition device presents the shooter with a focused image of the target. The image of the target obtained by the "visual optics" may be, for example, analog or digital, and may be shared, stored, archived, or sent to one or more shooter and observer networks, for example, by video, physical cable or wire, IR, radio waves, cellular connection, laser pulse, protocols such as html, SML, SOAP, X.25, SNA, etc., Bluetooth, Serial, USB, optical using USB, 802.11b, or other wireless transmission, or other suitable image delivery methods. The term "visual optics" is used interchangeably with "optical sight."

[0025] As used herein, the term "external scene" refers to a real-world scene that includes, but is not limited to, a target.

[0026] As used herein, the term "shooter" refers to the operator firing the shot or an individual supervising the firing in conjunction with the operator firing the shot.

[0027] "Zeroing" as used herein refers to aligning the point of aim (what the shooter is aiming at) with the point of impact (where the bullet actually impacts when fired from the firearm) at a specific distance. In one embodiment, zeroing is the process of adjusting a riflescope to settings where precise tolerances are imposed for windage and elevation for a specified range.

[0028] The present disclosure relates to a sighting optics turret. In one embodiment, the present disclosure relates to a riflescope turret, and more particularly, to a riflescope turret having a zero adjustment mechanism that does not require a tool to make the adjustment. Certain preferred and exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are described below. The present disclosure is not limited to these embodiments.

[0029] 1-2 generally illustrate a riflescope 10 in accordance with a disclosed embodiment of the present invention. Riflescope 10 has a body 12 that encloses a moveable optical element 13, which is an erector tube. Scope body 12 is an elongated tube having a larger opening at the front 14 and a smaller opening at the rear 16. An eyepiece lens 18 is mounted to the rear of scope body 12 and an objective lens 20 is mounted to the front of scope body 12. The central axis of moveable optical element 13 defines an optical axis 17 of riflescope 10.

[0030] The elevation turret 22 and windage turret 24 are two knobs within the exterior center of the scope body 12. The elevation turret 22 and windage turret 24 are piecewise marked with indicia 34 on their peripheries 30 and 32 and are used to adjust the elevation and windage of the movable optical element 13 for point of impact changes. These knobs 22, 24 protrude from a turret housing 36. The turrets 22, 24 are positioned so that the elevation turret axis of rotation 26 is perpendicular to the windage turret axis of rotation 28. The indicia typically include tick marks each corresponding to a click and larger tick marks at selected intervals, as well as numbers indicating the degree or distance of adjustment for bullet drop compensation.

[0031] The movable optical element 13 is adjusted by rotating the turret one or more clicks. A click is one tactile adjustment division on the windage or elevation turret of the riflescope 10, each of which corresponds to one of the indicia 34. In this embodiment, one click changes the point of impact of the scope by 0.1 milliradians (mrad). However, the turrets, systems, and concepts disclosed herein can be used with other division means. In other embodiments, the divisions can be minutes of an hour (MOA) divisions.

[0032] The elevation and windage are adjusted relative to a zero point using the turrets 22, 24 to adjust the elevation and windage of the movable optical element 13. That zero point needs to be established, and in some cases it may even be desirable to adjust the zero point. Each combination of scope, rifle, and ammunition type may have a unique zero point. The zero point for each turret 22, 24 is typically provided as a feature on the given turret. While FIGS. 4-10 show an exemplary turret including a zero point adjustment subassembly 500 in combination with an elevation turret 22, it will be appreciated that the zero point adjustment subassembly 500 may be used with any adjustment turret, including but not limited to a windage turret or a parallax adjustment mechanism.

[0033] 3-12 show an exemplary embodiment of the turret 22 having a zero adjustment subassembly 500. In general, the turret 22 includes a turret screw 38, a turret chassis subassembly 230, and a turret cap 501. The turret screw 38 defines a screw axis and is operatively connected to the optical element 13 for adjusting the optical element 13 in response to rotation of the screw 38. The turret chassis subassembly 230 includes the turret chassis 100 and any additional components required to provide the elevation (or other) adjustments allowed by the turret 22. Exemplary turret chassis subassemblies are described in more detail below.

[0034] The turret cap 501 is a structure that seats on the turret chassis subassembly 230 and includes indicia 34 and other visible and / or tactile features, if provided. The turret cap 501 is generally circular and has a top 502 that defines a recess 504 (not shown) centrally located on the turret cap 501. The recess has a top 506 that is generally flat. An opening (not shown) extends through the center of the turret cap 501 through which the turret screw 38 protrudes.

[0035] The zero point adjustment subassembly 500 includes a zero cap 510 that connects, directly or indirectly, to the turret screw 38 according to embodiments described herein, and a locking mechanism that secures the zero cap 510 to the turret cap 501. As shown in Figures 3-12, the zero cap 510 is positioned in a recess 504 of the turret cap 501, and at least one component of the locking mechanism is positioned between the zero cap 510 and an upper portion 506 of the recess 504.

[0036] In the representative illustrated embodiment shown in FIGS. 3-5, the locking mechanism includes a lock ring 530, a cam ring 540, a plurality of spring followers 550, and a lock ring lock button 539. The lock ring 530, the cam ring 540, and the zero cap 510 are concentrically positioned within the recess 504, with the cam ring 540 being externally concentric with the zero cap 510, and the lock ring 530 being externally concentric with the cam ring 540 and the zero cap 510. The zero cap 510 has a downwardly projecting stem 512 that engages the turret screw 38. A flange 542 on the cam ring 540 seats on a periphery 514 of the zero cap 510 to retain the zero cap 510 within the turret cap 501. The lock ring 530 seats on a second flange 544 of the cam ring 540 and engages the turret cap 501 to retain the cam ring 540.

[0037] The spring follower 550 is inserted between the zero cap 510 and the top 506 of the recess 504. The spring follower 550 contacts the outer surface 516 of the downwardly projecting stem 512. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the tail 552 of the spring follower 550 is shown as being free, however, the tail 552 of the spring follower 550 is generally secured to the underside of the zero cap 510 using a fastener. The fastener is not shown in FIG. 5 for clarity and to show the geometry of the spring follower 550.

[0038] As shown in FIG. 4, the zero point adjustment subassembly 500 is in its locked position. The inner surface 546 of the cam ring 540 has at least two (e.g., in the illustrated embodiment, three) inclined surfaces 548. In FIG. 4, each of the spring followers 550 engages with the thickest end of the inclined surface 548, which means that the spring followers 550 apply a force to the zero cap 510 and prevent the zero cap 510 from rotating freely. Rotating the cam ring 540 in a counterclockwise direction (relative to the embodiment as shown in FIG. 4) causes the spring followers 550 to align with the thinner end of the inclined surface 548. Thus, with less force (or no force) acting on the zero cap 510, the zero cap 510 rotates freely within the recess 504. Rotation of cam ring 540 in a clockwise direction causes spring follower 550 to realign with the thinnest end of ramp 548 and zero cap 510 to once again be locked in place.

[0039] It will be appreciated that the zero adjustment subassembly 500 allows for adjustment of the zero without the use of tools, i.e., the user can manually rotate the cam ring 540 and zero cap 510, thereby saving time and eliminating the need for the user to take their eye off the riflescope to perform any zero adjustments.

[0040] FIG. 6 illustrates yet another embodiment of a zero adjustment subassembly 500' according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 6, a zero cap 510' includes a lever 513' having a pivot point 513a'. The lever 513' has a stem 515' that protrudes through an opening 511' in the zero cap 510' and connects to the turret screw 38. The locking mechanism includes a conical wedge 52 and a collet 523'. The conical wedge 52 is positioned about the turret screw 38 and extends partially through an opening (not shown) in the turret cap 501. The conical wedge 52G is operatively connected to the lever 513-01 such that actuation of the lever 513-01 causes vertical movement of the conical wedge 52G, as described in more detail below. Collet 523-01 also has a central opening and seats in a recess 504 (not shown) in turret cap 501 that is externally concentric with turret screw 38 and conical wedge 52.

[0041] As shown in FIG. 6, the zero point adjustment subassembly 500' is in a locked position. The lever 513' is flush with the top of the zero cap 510'. The conical wedge 52 has an increasing lower radius (wedge-like radius), and in this locked position, after the conical wedge 52G is pushed upward by the lever 513-01, the thicker portion 521a' of the conical wedge 52G contacts the flange 523a' of the collet 523', which causes the collet 523' to expand the turret cap 501 radially outward, locking the zero cap 510-01 from rotating freely. To adjust the zero point, the lever 513' flips along the pivot point 513a', thereby lowering the conical wedge 52P. With the collet 523' disengaged from the conical wedge 52G, the zero cap 510' can rotate freely.

[0042] It will be appreciated that the zero adjustment subassembly 500' allows for zero adjustment without the use of tools, i.e., a user can actuate lever 513' to manually rotate zero cap 510', thereby saving time and eliminating the need for a user to take their eye off the riflescope to make any zero adjustments.

[0043] 7-9 illustrate yet another embodiment of a zero adjustment subassembly 500'' in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. The zero adjustment subassembly 500'' includes a zero cap 510''' and a locking mechanism 520''. The locking mechanism 520'' includes a brake disc 527'' and a locking ring 530''.

[0044] As shown in FIGS. 7-8, the zero cap 510''' engages the turret screw 38 and seats in a recess (not shown) in the turret cap 501. The brake disc 527'' is circular with a central opening and seats on the flange 514'' of the zero cap 510'' within the recess. The brake disc 527'' is fastened to the turret cap 501 through engagement of a protrusion 527a'' on the brake disc 527'' with a recess 501a'' on the inner wall of the turret cap 501. Thus, the brake disc 527'' is prevented from rotating but is free to translate vertically. The lock ring 530'' is externally concentric with the zero cap 510'' and the brake disc 527'' and is rotatably fixed with the turret cap 501 through a threaded engagement. When the lock ring 530'' is rotated (e.g., clockwise) to a locked position, a force is applied to the brake disc 527'' by the downward vertical translation. The brake disc 527'' transmits its downward force to the zero cap 510'', which prevents the zero cap 510'' from rotating freely. Rotation of the lock ring 530'' in the opposite direction (e.g., counterclockwise) releases the force acting on the brake disc 527'' and thus the zero cap 510'', allowing the zero cap 510'' to rotate freely within the turret cap 501.

[0045] 10-12 show yet another embodiment of zero point adjustment subassembly 500''', which is a modification of subassembly 500'' according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Zero point adjustment subassembly 500''' includes zero cap 510''' and locking mechanism 520'''. Locking mechanism 520''' is comprised of locking ring 530'''', brake disc 527''', and locking ring lock button 539''''. Locking ring 530''', brake disc 527''', and zero cap 510''' are all concentrically positioned within recesses (not shown), brake disc 527''' is externally concentric with zero cap 510''', and locking ring 530''' is externally concentric with brake disc 527''' and zero cap 510'''. The zero cap 510''' has a downwardly projecting stem 512''' that engages the turret screw 38. A flange 542 on the brake disc 527''' seats on at least a portion of the top 516''' of the zero cap 510''' to retain the zero cap 510''' within the turret cap 501. A locking ring 530''' seats on a flange 518''' of the brake disc 527''' to engage the turret cap 501. In the illustrated embodiment, the locking ring 530''' is in threaded engagement with the turret cap 501.

[0046] As shown in FIGS. 10-11, the zero cap 510''' engages the turret screw 38 and seats in a recess (not shown) in the turret cap 501. The brake disc 527''' is circular with a central opening and seats on the flange 514''' of the zero cap 510''' within the recess. The brake disc 527''' is fastened to the turret cap 501 through engagement of the protrusion 527a''2 on the brake disc 527'''' with the recess 501a''' on the inner wall of the turret cap 501. Thus, the brake disc 527''' is prevented from rotating but is free to translate vertically. The lock ring 530''' is externally concentric with respect to the zero cap 510''' and the brake disc 527''' and is rotatably fixed with the turret cap 501 through threaded engagement. When the lock ring 530''' is rotated (e.g., clockwise) to the locked position, the downward vertical translation applies a force to the brake disc 527'''. The brake disc 527''' transmits its downward force to the zero cap 510''', thereby preventing the zero cap 510''' from rotating freely. Rotation of the lock ring 530''' in the opposite direction (e.g., counterclockwise) releases the force acting on the brake disc 527''' and thus the zero cap 510''', allowing the zero cap 510''' to rotate freely within the turret cap 501.

[0047] As shown in FIGS. 10-12, the zero adjustment subassembly 500''' further includes a lock ring lock button 539'''. The lock ring lock button 539''' includes an outer portion 539a''', which in the illustrated embodiment is part of the turret cap 501 and includes a tactile element different from the surrounding portions of the turret cap 501. As shown in FIGS. 10-12, the lock ring lock button 539''' is in a locked position, which means that the lock ring 530 and thus the zero cap 510''' are prevented from rotating. With reference to FIG. 11, the lock ring lock button 539''' is provided with at least one (two in the illustrated embodiment) spring-loaded guide-rod 539b''', such that when an upper portion 539c''' of the button 539''' is below the level of the lock ring 530''', the lock ring 530''' can rotate freely. The underside of lock ring 530''' will cover button 539''' to prevent lock ring lock button 539''' from returning to the locked position during user adjustments. It will be appreciated that the spring in spring-containing guide-rod 539b''' will "automatically" push button 539''' back upward to the locked position once the user has rotated lock ring 530''' to the rotational lock position.

[0048] 12, the turret cap 501 further includes a groove 539d''' and the locking ring 530''' further includes a corresponding protrusion 539e'''. The groove 539d''' / protrusion 539e''' system limits rotation of the locking ring 530''' while the locking ring lock button 539''' is depressed. This ensures that the parts of the subassembly 500''' are captured as well as limited rotation. Because rotation is limited, the locking ring 530''' cannot be unscrewed and removed from the turret cap 501.

[0049] It will be appreciated that zero adjustment subassemblies 500', 500'', 500''' allow for zero adjustment without the use of tools; that is, a user can manually rotate locking ring 530'' / 530'''' and zero cap 510'' / 510'''', as well as manually manipulate other components of subassemblies 500'' and 500'''', thereby saving time and eliminating the need for a user to take their eye off the riflescope to make any zero adjustments.

[0050] While the above-described zero adjustment subassemblies 500, 500', 500'', and 500''' can be used with many different styles of chassis subassemblies, the exemplary turret chassis subassembly 400 shown in FIGS. 3-12 is in accordance with that disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 8,919,026, which is incorporated herein by reference. Such an exemplary turret chassis subassembly 230 will now be described in more detail below.

[0051] As shown in FIG. 13, the turret screw 38 is part of a turret screw subassembly 88. The turret screw subassembly is comprised of the turret screw 38, the turret screw base 60, the friction pad 86, and various fasteners. The turret screw 38 in the illustrated embodiment is a cylindrical body made of brass. The top 40 of the turret screw 38 defines other features such as slots or threads 40 that engage with a zero point adjustment subassembly 500 (not shown). Two opposing cam slots 46 extend down the side 44 from the top portion. Two o-ring grooves 50 and 52 are on the sides located below the cam slots. The bottom 42 of the turret screw has a reduced radius portion 56 that defines a ring slot 54. The ring slot 54 receives the retaining ring 84 and a bore 304 at the bottom receives the shaft 306 of the friction pad 86. On the side of the turret screw just below the o-ring groove 52 and above the ring slot 54 is a threaded portion 58 .

[0052] The turret screw base 60 is a disk-shaped body that may also be made of brass. A cylindrical collar 66 rises from the center of the turret screw base to the top 62. The collar has a turret screw bore 68 with threads 70. The exterior of the collar defines a locating screw V-groove 78 above the top of the turret screw base, an o-ring groove 74 above the o-ring grooves 76, and a ring slot 72 above the o-ring grooves 74. The turret screw base 60 has three mounting holes 82 with smooth sides and shoulders that receive screws 80.

[0053] The installation of the turret screw subassembly 88 into the housing turret 36 is shown in FIG. 14. The turret housing top 92 defines a recess 94. Three mounting holes 96 having threads 98 and a smooth central bore 508 are defined in the turret housing top within the recess. The threads 70 of the turret screw bore 68 are such that the turret screw bore can receive the threads 58 on the turret screw 38. A retaining ring 84 limits the upward movement of the turret screw 38 so that it cannot be inadvertently removed from the turret screw bore.

[0054] When the turret screw subassembly 88 is mounted on the housing turret 36, the screw 80 is inserted into the mounting hole 82 and protrudes from the bottom 64 of the turret screw base. The screw is then threaded into the mounting hole 96 in the turret housing. The turret screw base then remains in a fixed position relative to the scope body 12 as the elevation turret 22 is rotated. The turret screw base thereby essentially becomes functionally integral with the scope body; the turret screw base is not intended to be removed or adjusted by the user. A smooth central bore 508 at the top of the turret housing allows passage of the friction pad 86 and the bottom 42 of the turret screw 38 into the scope body 12.

[0055] 15, the top 110 of the turret chassis 100 has an interior periphery 102 with a relief cut 240 adjacent to a floor 264, a toothed surface 108 above the relief cut, a lower click groove 106 above the toothed surface 108, and an upper click groove 104 above the lower click groove 106. The relief cut 240 is for a tool to cut into the toothed surface 108. The floor defines a smooth central bore 120 and slot 122. The smooth central bore 120 allows passage of the friction pad 86 and the bottom 42 of the turret screw 38 through the turret chassis 100.

[0056] The exterior perimeter 112 of the turret chassis 100 defines an o-ring groove 244. Near the bottom 116 of the turret chassis, the exterior perimeter flares to define a shoulder 114. Three holes 118 having threads 158 communicate from the exterior perimeter through the turret chassis to a smooth bore 120. In this embodiment, the turret chassis 100 is fabricated from steel.

[0057] The slot 122 in the floor 264 of the turret chassis 100 communicates with an aperture 124 in the exterior perimeter 112 of the turret chassis 100. The aperture 124 receives an indicator, such as the elevation indicator 136.

[0058] The rear 140 of the indicator 136 defines a cam pin hole 154. The front 138 of the indicator 136 has two stripes 148 and 150 and an o-ring groove 152. The stripe 148 divides the first position 142 from the second position 144. The stripe 150 divides the second position 144 from the third position 146. As shown, the elevation indicator 136 is fabricated from blackened steel and the stripes are white lines that do not glow, but could be luminous in alternative embodiments.

[0059] The cam pin bore 154 receives the bottom 134 of the cam pin 126. In this embodiment, the cam pin is a cylindrical body fabricated from steel. The top 128 of the cam pin 126 has a reduced radius portion 130 that defines a shoulder 132. The reduced radius portion of the cam pin protrudes upwardly through the slot 122 above the floor 264 of the turret chassis 100.

[0060] 16A and 16B show a cam disc 160 having a top surface 162 and a bottom surface 164. The top surface 162 has a reduced radius portion 166 that defines a shoulder 168 about an outer periphery 170 of the cam disc 160. The top surface 162 also defines three mounting holes 180 having threads 182. A reduced radius central portion 176 defines the shoulder 172 and a smooth central bore 178. The smooth central bore 178 allows for the passage of the turret screw subassembly 88 through the cam disc 160.

[0061] A radial clicker channel 186 at the top 162 of the outer periphery 170 receives a clicker 188 that reciprocates within the channel 186 and is urged radially outward. A front free end 190 of the clicker 186 protrudes from the outer periphery 170. The clicker 186 has a wedge shape with a vertical apex parallel to the turret's axis of rotation and is fabricated from steel.

[0062] The bottom 164 of the cam disc 160 is a flat surface perpendicular to the elevation turret rotation axis 26 that defines a recessed helical channel 184. The helical channel 184 terminates in a zero stop surface 198 when moved in a clockwise direction and terminates at an end of a travel stop surface 200 when moved in a counterclockwise direction. When moved in a counterclockwise direction, the helical channel 184 defines a first transition 194 and a second transition 196 as the helical channel begins to overlap itself for a first and second time, respectively. The helical channel 184 is adapted to receive the reduced radius portion 130 of the cam pin 126. The helical channel 184 and the stop surfaces 198, 200 are integral with the cam disc 160 and are not adjustable.

[0063] In FIG. 17, the cam disc 160 is shown installed within the turret chassis 100. The helical channel 184 receives the reduced radius portion 130 of the cam pin 126. The clicker 188 protrudes from a clicker channel 186 in the outer periphery 170 of the cam disc 160. A spring 202 at the rear 192 of the clicker 188 urges the clicker 188 outwardly so that the clicker 188 is biased into engagement with a toothed surface 108 on the inner periphery 102 of the turret chassis 100. As the cam disc 160 rotates such that the turret 22 is rotated to change a setting (e.g., an elevation setting), the clicker 188 travels over the toothed surface 108, thereby providing a rotational resistance and producing a characteristic clicking sound.

[0064] In the illustrated embodiment, the toothed surface 108 has 100 teeth, thereby allowing 100 clicks per revolution of the elevation turret 22. The spiral channel 184 is formed of several arcs of constant radius centered on the disk center and extending almost a full circle, the ends of which are joined by transitional portions of the channel such that one end of the inner arc is connected to the end of the next arc, and so on, essentially forming a stepped spiral. This provides that the indicator remains in one position for most of the revolution and transitions only in a limited portion of the turret revolution. In alternative embodiments, the spiral may be a true spiral in which the channel increases in its radial position in proportion to its rotational position. In the most basic embodiment, the channel has its ends at different radial positions, the channel extends over 360°, the ends are radially separated by material, and with stops at each channel end to allow a full 360° rotational circle.

[0065] The turret 22 is positioned at the indicia 34 corresponding to 0° adjustment when the cam pin 126 is flush with the zero stop surface 198. In an embodiment, the helical channel 184 holds the cam pin 126 in the arc segment at a fixed distance from the axis of rotation 26 until the elevation turret is rotated 9 mrad (324°). A first transition 194 occurs when the turret 22 rotates counterclockwise from 9 mrad (324°) to 10 mrad (360°). During the first transition, the helical channel 184 shifts the cam pin 126 toward the outer periphery 170 so that the helical channel 184 can begin to overlap itself. As the turret 22 continues its counterclockwise rotation, the helical channel 184 holds the cam pin 126 in the arc segment at yet another fixed distance from the axis of rotation 26 until the elevation turret is rotated 19 mrad (684°). A second transition 196 occurs as the turret 22 rotates counterclockwise from 19 mrad (684°) to 20 mrad (720°). During the second transition, the helical channel shifts the cam pin 126 further toward the outer periphery 170 so that the helical channel 184 can begin to overlap itself a second time. As the turret 22 continues its counterclockwise rotation, the helical channel 184 holds the cam pin 126 in the arc segment at a fixed yet further distance from the central bore 178 until the elevation turret has been rotated 28.5 mrad (1026°). At that time, the cam pin 126 is flush with the end of the travel stop surface 200, preventing further counterclockwise rotation and elevation adjustment of the turret 22. In the illustrated embodiment, the first and second transitions 194, 196 are angled at approximately 36° (10% of a revolution) to allow for adequate wall thickness between the concentric arc segments about the rotation axis 26 of the helical channel. The cam pin diameter determines the overall diameter of the turret. Since there are three revolutions, any increase in diameter will be multiplied by three in how it affects the overall turret diameter. In an embodiment, a cam pin diameter of 1.5 mm provides adequate strength while remaining small enough to prevent the overall diameter of the turret from becoming too large.

[0066] Figures 18A and 18B show the complete turret chassis subassembly 230. The turret chassis subassembly 230 is assembled by inserting the locking gear 206 into the turret chassis 100 on top of the cam disc 160. The turret chassis subassembly 230 is shown in the locked position in Figure 15B.

[0067] The locking gear 206 has a top 208 and a bottom 210. The top 208 defines three mounting holes 216 having threads 218. The locking gear 206 also defines three smooth mounting holes 220 and a smooth central bore 222. The bottom 210 of the locking gear 206 defines a toothed surface 214. The toothed surface 214 extends downwardly below the bottom 210 of the locking gear 206 to surround the reduced radius portion 166 of the top 162 of the cam disc 160 when the chassis subassembly 230 is assembled. In this embodiment, the toothed surface 214 has 100 teeth that precisely mate with the 100 teeth of the toothed surface 108 on the inner periphery 102 of the turret chassis 100 when the elevation turret 22 is locked.

[0068] Four ball bearings 226 protrude outwardly from bores 232 in the outer periphery 212 positioned between the toothed surface and the upper portion. A spring 400 positioned behind the ball bearings urges the outer ball bearings outwardly into engagement with the upper and lower click grooves 104, 106 on the inner periphery 102 of the turret chassis 100. As the locking gear rises and falls to unlock and lock the turret 22, the ball bearings 226 move between the lower and upper click grooves 104, 106, thereby providing a vertical resistance force and producing a characteristic clicking sound.

[0069] When the turret chassis subassembly 230 is assembled, the screw 224 is inserted into the mounting hole 220 and protrudes from the bottom 210 of the locking gear 206. The screw 224 is then threaded into the mounting hole 180 at the top 162 of the cam disk 160 to mount the locking gear 206 to the cam disk 160. The locking gear 206 then remains in a fixed rotational position relative to the cam disk 160 when the turret 22 is unlocked and rotated. The head 234 of the screw 224 is thinner than the depth of the mounting hole 220 from the top 208 of the locking gear 206 to a shoulder 236. The screw 224 has a shoulder 228 that contacts the top 162 of the cam disk 160 when the screw is locked. As a result, the locking gear 206 is free to rise until the head 234 of the screw 224 contacts the shoulder 236 and to fall until the bottom of the locking gear 206 contacts the top 162 of the cam disc 160. This vertical movement is sufficient to cause the toothed surface 214 of the locking gear 206 to rise above the toothed surface 108 of the turret chassis 100, thereby unlocking the elevation 22 turret and allowing it to rotate freely.

[0070] Figures 19A and 19B show the turret chassis subassembly 230, the screw subassembly 88, and the turret housing 36. More specifically, the turret chassis subassembly 230 is shown assembled and mounted onto the turret screw subassembly 88 in Figure 19A, and in the process of being mounted onto the turret screw subassembly in Figure 19B.

[0071] When the turret chassis subassembly 230 is mounted on the turret screw subassembly 88, the top 40 of the turret screw 38 and the collar 66 of the turret screw base 60 pass upwardly through the smooth central bore 120 of the turret chassis 100, the smooth central bore 178 of the cam disc 160, and the smooth central bore 222 of the locking gear 206. A retaining ring 246 is received by the ring slot 72 of the collar 66 to prevent the turret chassis subassembly 230 from being lifted off the turret screw subassembly 88. Three recesses 245 in the bottom 116 of the turret chassis 100 receive the heads of the screws 80 protruding from the top 62 of the turret screw base 60, so that the bottom 116 of the turret chassis 100 can seat flush against the top 92 of the turret housing 36.

[0072] Although the turret chassis subassembly 230 has been described above with respect to a turret that is an elevation turret, one skilled in the art will recognize that a similar design can be used for turrets with other adjustments, such as a windage turret. Additionally, the turret chassis subassembly 230 described above is also described with respect to a zero point adjustment subassembly according to embodiment 500. It will be appreciated that the turret chassis subassembly 230 described herein can be implemented with any embodiment of the zero point adjustment subassembly 500, 500', 500'', 500''' or combination of the embodiments described herein.

[0073] Various modifications and variations of the above-described compositions and methods of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will immediately recognize that it is contemplated that the present invention can be constructed from a variety of materials and in a variety of different ways. Although the present invention has been described in connection with certain preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the invention should not be unduly limited to such specific embodiments. Although the preferred embodiments have been described in detail and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, it will be apparent that various further modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention as recited in the appended claims. Indeed, various modifications of the above-described modes for carrying out the present invention that are obvious to those skilled in the shooting art or related fields are intended to be within the scope of the following claims. Other embodiments of the invention are described below. [Embodiment 1] A scope body; a movable optical element connected to said scope body and defining an optical axis; (A) a turret screw defining a screw axis, the turret screw operatively connected to the movable optical element for adjusting the optical axis in response to rotation of the turret screw; (B) turret chassis subassembly, and (C) a turret cap at least partially overlapping the turret chassis subassembly; a turret including: (a) a zero cap connected to the turret screw; and (b) a locking mechanism for releasably securing the zero cap and the turret; a zero point adjustment subassembly including: A rifle scope comprising: [Embodiment 2] The rifle scope of embodiment 1, wherein the locking mechanism includes a brake disc and a lock ring. [Embodiment 3] A rifle scope as described in embodiment 2, characterized in that an upper surface of the turret cap defines a recess, and the zero cap, brake disc, and locking ring are concentrically positioned in the recess. [Embodiment 4] A rifle scope as described in embodiment 3, wherein the locking mechanism further includes a locking ring lock button. [Embodiment 5] A rifle scope as described in embodiment 4, characterized in that the locking ring lock button is formed within the turret cap and includes at least one spring-loaded guide-rod. [Embodiment 6] The rifle scope of embodiment 1, wherein the locking mechanism includes a lock ring, a cam ring, and a plurality of spring followers. [Embodiment 7] A rifle scope as described in embodiment 6, characterized in that an upper surface of the turret cap defines a recess, and the zero cap, cam ring, and lock ring are concentrically positioned in the recess. [Embodiment 8] 8. A rifle scope as described in embodiment 7, characterized in that the plurality of spring followers are inserted between the zero cap and an upper surface of the recess. [Embodiment 9] The rifle scope of embodiment 1, wherein the locking mechanism includes a lever, a conical wedge, and a collet. [Embodiment 10] The rifle scope of embodiment 9, wherein the lever is connected to the turret screw. [Embodiment 11] 11. The rifle scope of embodiment 10, wherein the conical wedge is positioned around the turret screw. [Embodiment 12] A rifle scope as described in embodiment 11, characterized in that an upper surface of the turret cap defines a recess, and the zero cap is positioned in the recess. [Embodiment 13] 13. The riflescope of embodiment 12, wherein the zero cap has a central opening through which the lever connects to the turret screw. [Embodiment 14] 14. A rifle scope as described in embodiment 13, characterized in that the collet is inserted between the zero cap and an upper surface of the recess. [Embodiment 15] The turret chassis subassembly includes: a helical cam mechanism engaging the cam pin and defining first and second stop surfaces each positioned for engagement by the cam pin; Including, the first stop surface and the second stop surface are connected by a channel that at least partially overlaps itself; 2. A rifle scope as described in embodiment 1. [Embodiment 16] 16. The rifle scope of embodiment 15, further comprising a rotation indicator connected to the cam pin. [Embodiment 17] 2. The rifle scope of embodiment 1, wherein the turret is an elevation turret. [Explanation of symbols]

[0074] 22 Turret 500 Zero Adjustment Sub-Assembly 501 Turret Cap 530 Lock Ring 540 Cam Ring

Claims

1. A scope body; a movable optical element connected to said scope body and defining an optical axis; a turret including: (A) a turret screw defining a screw axis, the turret screw operatively connected to the movable optical element for adjusting the optical axis in response to rotation of the screw; (B) a turret chassis subassembly; and (C) a turret cap at least partially overlying the turret chassis subassembly, the turret cap having an upper surface defining a recess having an upper surface; a zero point adjustment subassembly including: (a) a zero cap having a downwardly projecting stem that engages the turret screw, the zero cap being positioned in the recess of the turret cap; and (b) a locking mechanism including a lock ring, a cam ring, and a plurality of spring followers, the cam ring and the lock ring being concentrically positioned in the recess, the plurality of spring followers being inserted between the zero cap and a top surface of the recess and contacting an outer surface of the stem to releasably secure the zero cap to the turret; A rifle scope comprising:

2. The turret chassis subassembly includes: a helical cam mechanism engaging the cam pin and defining first and second stop surfaces each positioned for engagement by the cam pin; Including, the first stop surface and the second stop surface are connected by a channel that at least partially overlaps itself; 2. A riflescope as claimed in claim 1.

3. 3. The riflescope of claim 2, further comprising a rotation indicator connected to the cam pin.

4. 2. The riflescope of claim 1, wherein the turret is an elevation turret.

Images