Laminate

Abstract

The present invention provides a multilayer body which has more excellent designability in comparison to the prior art. A multilayer body (1) that comprises a reflective layer (22), and a first colored layer (50) and a second colored layer (60), which are formed so as to have the reflective layer sandwiched therebetween when viewed in cross section. With respect to this multilayer body, at least one of the first colored layer and the second colored layer has light transmitting properties; the first colored layer comprises colored portions (51, 52) that absorb at least some light within the wavelength range of from 390 nm to 620 nm; and the second colored layer comprises colored portions (61, 62) at the positions facing the colored portions of the first colored layer, said colored portions (61, 62) absorbing at least some light within the wavelength range of from 390 nm to 620 nm, while taking on a color that is different from the color of the colored portions of the first colored layer.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a laminate. [Background technology]

[0002] Glass sheets are highly durable, have a smooth surface, and have high design potential due to their texture and reflection, and are widely used in buildings and interiors. Furthermore, in recent years, glass materials with higher design potential have been required for applications such as building components such as window materials, flooring materials, wall materials, and ceiling materials; interior components such as table tops; exterior materials for white goods such as washing machines and refrigerators; interior and exterior components for vehicles such as automobiles; and electronic devices such as mobile phones and personal digital assistants (PDAs). It is expected that the applications of glass materials with higher design potential will continue to expand in the future.

[0003] In light of this, proposals have been made for laminated glass that contains different materials other than glass inside, such as printed PET (polyethylene terephthalate) film, paper such as washi paper, cloth, metal, marble, wood, pressed flowers, and leaf veins. Such laminated glass is based on a five-layer structure of glass plate / translucent resin film (interlayer) / different material / translucent resin film (interlayer) / glass plate, and allows the different materials to be seen through the front glass plate, making it possible to realize aesthetically pleasing designs. The different materials can have colors, designs, patterns, etc., and can function as design layers. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a five-layer laminate formed by laminating a glass plate / adhesive film / veneer backing sheet / adhesive film / glass plate (Claim 1). In the above-mentioned applications, the back glass plate is not essential. In addition, any substrate such as a translucent resin plate may be used instead of the glass plate. In laminates including a design layer, higher design is required as various products are becoming high value-added. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Special Publication No. 08-015770 [Patent Document 2] International Publication No. 2018 / 221326 [Patent Document 3] JP 2008-018631 A [Patent Document 4] JP 2015-120328 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] The present inventors have previously proposed a concave-convex structure including a concave-convex layer having a fine concave-convex pattern designed to have reflectance anisotropy, and a laminate including the same in Patent Document 2, etc. The concave-convex structure proposed by the present inventors or a laminate including the same exhibits various contrast changes with different changes in brightness depending on the in-plane position when the line of sight or the angle of the light source is changed, and is therefore excellent in design.

[0006] The following Patent Documents 3 and 4 are examples of techniques related to the present invention. Patent document 3 discloses a lustrous decorative body comprising a transparent base material, a plurality of blocks consisting of linear convex transparent protrusions arranged in parallel on the back surface of the transparent base material, and a light-reflecting layer arranged on the back surface of the transparent base material so as to cover the plurality of blocks, wherein each of the plurality of blocks has the linear convex transparent protrusions extending in a direction different from that of at least one of the adjacent blocks (Claim 1).

[0007] Patent Document 4 discloses a changing image print in which a number of pattern line drawings are formed by changing the length, spacing, line width or angle of each line of a line drawing consisting of an arrangement of straight or curved lines that do not overlap one another, and a picture in which these pattern line drawings are combined is formed as a line drawing with a mountain-shaped cross section by printing with ink over the entire surface of a printing substrate, thereby causing the visibility of the picture on the printing substrate to change depending on the viewing angle (Claim 1). Patent Documents 3 and 4 do not disclose a first colored layer and a second colored layer that are formed so as to sandwich the concave-convex structure in a cross-sectional view and have different colors.

[0008] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above circumstances, and aims to provide a laminate that, when the angle of the laminate, line of sight, or light source is changed, changes in light and dark vary depending on the in-plane position, resulting in various changes in contrast, changes in color depending on the in-plane position, and has more complex changes in appearance, is easier to view three-dimensionally, and is more aesthetically pleasing. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] The laminate of the present invention is A reflective layer; In a cross-sectional view, the liquid crystal display device has a first colored layer and a second colored layer formed so as to sandwich the reflective layer, At least one of the first colored layer and the second colored layer has light-transmitting properties, the first colored layer includes a colored portion that absorbs light in at least a part of a wavelength range within 390 to 620 nm, The second colored layer includes a colored portion facing the colored portion of the first colored layer, which absorbs light in at least a portion of the wavelength range from 390 to 620 nm and exhibits a color different from that of the colored portion of the first colored layer. Effect of the Invention

[0010] In the laminate of the present invention, when the angle of the laminate, the line of sight, or the light source is changed, the light and dark changes vary depending on the in-plane position, resulting in various changes in contrast, and the color changes depending on the in-plane position, resulting in more complex changes in appearance, making it easier to view three-dimensionally, and providing better design. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0011] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a laminate according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2] FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a laminate according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 3] FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a laminate according to a third embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a laminate according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 5] FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a laminate according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a plane pattern of one convex portion or concave portion in the plane pattern of the first embodiment according to the present invention. [Figure 7] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of a pattern of a plurality of protrusions or recesses that are serpentine linearly in a plan view and are arranged such that curved portions of adjacent protrusions or recesses are adjacent to each other. [Figure 8] FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a first example of a pattern of a plurality of protrusions in a concave-convex layer that looks like cut glass. [Figure 9] FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a second example of a pattern of multiple protrusions in a concave-convex layer that looks like cut glass. [Figure 10] FIG. 13 is a plan view showing a third example of a pattern of multiple protrusions in a concave-convex layer that looks like cut glass. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a fourth example of a pattern of a plurality of protrusions in a concave-convex layer that looks like cut glass. [Figure 12] FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a fifth example of a pattern of multiple protrusions in a concave-convex layer that looks like cut glass. [Figure 13A] 2 is a schematic plan view example of a protrusion or recess that is in the form of a meandering line in plan view and that is included in the concave-convex layer of the concave-convex structure. FIG. [Figure 13B] 13 is a schematic plan view of another example of a protrusion or recess that is in the form of a meandering line in plan view and that is included in the concave-convex layer of the concave-convex structure. FIG. [Figure 14A] FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view showing a first example of a planar pattern of a plurality of convex or concave portions SC. [Figure 14B] 14B is a diagram showing an example of a group of imaginary straight lines connecting specific extreme points of a plurality of convex portions or concave portions in the pattern shown in FIG. 14A. FIG. [Figure 15A]FIG. 13 is a schematic plan view showing a second example of a planar pattern of a plurality of convex or concave portions SC. [Figure 15B] FIG. 15B is a diagram showing an example of a group of imaginary straight lines connecting specific extreme points of a plurality of convex or concave portions in the pattern shown in FIG. 15A. [Figure 16] FIG. 13 is a schematic plan view showing a third example of a planar pattern of a plurality of convex or concave portions SC. [Figure 17] FIG. 13 is a schematic plan view showing a fourth example of a planar pattern of a plurality of convex or concave portions SC. [Figure 18] 18 is a graph showing an example of the relationship between the number x of an imaginary line in any one of the groups of imaginary lines and the angle of the imaginary line in each of the patterns shown in FIG. 14A, FIG. 15A, and FIG. 17. [Figure 19] 18 is a graph showing an example of the relationship between the number x of a convex portion or a concave portion and the number of specific extreme points included in one convex portion or concave portion in each of the patterns shown in FIGS. 14A, 15A, 16, and 17. [Figure 20] FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the arrangement direction of a plurality of recesses of the mold produced in the [Example] section. [Figure 21A] 13 is a reflectance spectrum of the fourth stack (LD11). [Figure 21B] 13 is a transmission spectrum of the fourth stack (LD11). DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0012] In this specification, unless otherwise specified, the "visible light region" is defined as a wavelength region of 390 to 620 nm. In this specification, the distance between adjacent recesses is referred to as the "distance between recesses," and the distance between adjacent protrusions is referred to as the "distance between protrusions." In this specification, the width and pitch of a convex portion or a concave portion are the width and pitch of the convex portions or the concave portions in the arrangement direction of the multiple convex portions or the multiple concave portions. Similarly, the distance between convex portions is the distance between the convex portions in the arrangement direction of the multiple convex portions, and the distance between concave portions is the distance between the concave portions in the arrangement direction of the multiple concave portions.

[0013] Generally, thin film structures are referred to as "films" and "sheets" depending on their thickness. In this specification, there is no clear distinction between the two. Therefore, "films" may include "sheets" and "sheets" may include "films." In this specification, unless otherwise specified, the use of "to" indicating a numerical range means that the numerical values ​​before and after it are included as the lower limit and upper limit. Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

[0014] [Laminate] The laminate of the present invention is A reflective layer; In a cross-sectional view, the liquid crystal display device has a first colored layer and a second colored layer formed so as to sandwich the reflective layer, At least one of the first colored layer and the second colored layer has light-transmitting properties, the first colored layer includes a colored portion that absorbs light in at least a part of a wavelength range within 390 to 620 nm, The second colored layer includes a colored portion facing the colored portion of the first colored layer, which absorbs light in at least a portion of the wavelength range from 390 to 620 nm and exhibits a color different from that of the colored portion of the first colored layer.

[0015] In one embodiment of the laminate of the present invention, between the first colored layer and the second colored layer, a concave-convex layer having three or more linear convex or concave portions formed side by side at a pitch of 1000 μm or less in a planar view on the surface thereof may be provided, and the laminate may include a concave-convex structure containing a resin.

[0016] In the first embodiment, a resin layer can be laminated directly on the concave-convex layer of the concave-convex structure, leaving the spaces in the concaves of the concave-convex layer as gas spaces. In this case, a layer consisting of the concave-convex layer of the concave-convex structure and the gas spaces can function as the reflective layer.

[0017] In the second embodiment, the reflective layer may be a light-transmitting layer that is formed to have surface irregularities along the surface irregularities of the concave-convex layer of the concave-convex structure. In this embodiment, one of the first colored layer and the second colored layer can be formed in contact with the surface irregularities of the reflective layer. It is preferable that the colored layer on the viewing side of the first colored layer and the second colored layer is formed in contact with the surface irregularities of the reflective layer.

[0018] (First embodiment of laminated structure) The structure of the laminate according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, in which: Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the laminate according to the present embodiment. The laminate 1 of this embodiment includes a concave-convex structure 20 having a concave-convex layer including a plurality of linear convex or concave portions in a plan view, and having light-transmitting properties. In this embodiment, the concave-convex structure 20 is composed of a first flat layer 21 and a concave-convex layer 22 integrally molded with the first flat layer 21. The concave-convex layer 22 is composed of a plurality of convex portions 22A and a plurality of concave portions 22B formed in the gaps between the plurality of convex portions 22A. In this embodiment, a second flat layer 31 is laminated directly on the concave-convex layer 22, leaving the spaces within the concave portions 22B of the concave-convex layer 22 as gas portions. Of the first flat layer 21 and the second flat layer 31, at least the layer located on the viewing side of the uneven layer 22 has light-transmitting properties.

[0019] The concave-convex layer 22 is preferably a gas-resin composite layer including a plurality of gas portions formed in the plurality of concave portions 22B and a plurality of resin portions (a plurality of convex portions) that separate the plurality of gas portions from each other. In this embodiment, this gas-resin composite layer can function as a reflective layer. Preferably, the first flat layer 21 is a first resin layer, the second flat layer 31 is a second resin layer, and the gas-resin composite layer is sandwiched between these two flat resin layers. At least one of the first flat layer 21 and the second flat layer 31 may be a layer including an adhesive layer. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, all of the convex portions 22A are integrally formed with the first flat layer 21 on the lower side of the figure, but at least some of the convex portions 22A may be integrally formed with the second flat layer 31 on the upper side of the figure.

[0020] In this embodiment, the convex portion 22A or the concave portion 22B is linear in plan view, and the multiple convex portions 22A or the multiple concave portions 22B are formed side by side at a pitch of 1000 μm or less. The linear convex portions 22A or concave portions 22B in plan view may be straight or curved, or may have a shape that combines one or more curved portions and one or more straight portions, in plan view. Each of the convex portions 22A or concave portions 22B preferably has at least one curved portion in plan view, more preferably has a plurality of curved portions, and is particularly preferably in the form of a meandering line.

[0021] In the concave-convex layer 22, a plurality of convex portions 22A or concave portions 22B are formed in a line from the first to the nth positions at a pitch of 1000 μm or less in plan view. n is an integer of 3 or more, preferably 10 or more, more preferably 100 or more, and particularly preferably 1000 or more. There is no particular upper limit for n, and it is preferably 10,000,000 or less, more preferably 1,000,000 or less. The smaller the pitch, the more preferable, and it is preferably 100 μm or less, and more preferably 50 μm or less. When the convex portion 22A or the concave portion 22B has at least one curved portion, the bending angle of the curved portion is preferably 30 to 150°, more preferably 50 to 130°, particularly preferably 70 to 110°, and most preferably 90°.

[0022] If necessary, the laminate 1 may have a support member 11 made of resin or glass that supports the first flat layer 21 and / or a support member 41 made of resin or glass that supports the second flat layer 31.

[0023] The laminate 1 of this embodiment has a first colored layer 50 and a second colored layer 60 formed so as to sandwich the concave-convex structure 20 in a cross-sectional view. In the illustrated example, the first colored layer 50 is formed on the outer surface of the support member 11 (the surface opposite the concave-convex structure 20), and the second colored layer 60 is formed on the outer surface of the support member 41 (the surface opposite the concave-convex structure 20). The positions at which the first colored layer 50 and the second colored layer 60 are formed may be any positions at which these layers sandwich the concave-convex structure 20, and can be designed appropriately.

[0024] Each of the first colored layer 50 and the second colored layer 60 includes one or more colored portions that absorb light in at least a part of the wavelength range within the visible light range (390 to 620 nm). The colored portions include one or more coloring agents. Known coloring agents can be used, including pigments, dyes, and combinations thereof. At least the colored portions of the colored layers on the front side (viewing side) of the first colored layer 50 and the second colored layer 60 have translucency. Generally, a colored portion containing a pigment does not have translucency, so it is preferable that at least the colored portion of the colored layer on the front side (viewing side) does not contain a pigment. It is preferable that at least the colored portion of the colored layer on the front side (viewing side) contains a dye. The colored portion of the colored layer on the back side (opposite the viewing side) may not have translucency and may contain a pigment.

[0025] The number of colored parts in the first colored layer 50 can be designed as appropriate. The entire first colored layer 50 may be one colored part. When the first colored layer 50 includes multiple colored parts, the multiple colored parts are arranged in a plane in an arbitrary pattern. The planar shape of each colored part and the planar arrangement of the multiple colored parts can be designed as appropriate. The same applies to the second colored layer 60. In this embodiment, the color of each colored portion is any color in the visible light range other than white or black. The colored portions of the first colored layer 50 and the second colored layer 60 at the same in-plane position exhibit different colors.

[0026] In the illustrated example, the first colored layer 50 has two colored portions 51, 52 that exhibit different colors, and the second colored layer 60 has two colored portions 61, 62 that exhibit different colors. The colored portion 51 of the first colored layer 50 and the colored portion 61 of the second colored layer 60 that face each other are at the same in-plane position, so they exhibit different colors. Similarly, the colored portion 52 of the first colored layer 50 and the colored portion 62 of the second colored layer 60 that face each other are at the same in-plane position, so they exhibit different colors.

[0027] The method for forming the colored layers 50 and 60 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include general printing methods such as flexographic printing, offset printing, gravure printing, and screen printing. For example, a method of printing by a known method such as screen printing or inkjet printing using a photocurable ink containing a photocurable resin is preferred.

[0028] The colored layers 50, 60 can be colored printed layers of any color in the visible light range other than white or black, and are preferably colored printed layers of any color other than white and black. Specifically, when the measurement wavelength is changed in 10 nm increments from 390 nm to 620 nm and the reflectance of the reflective layer (in this embodiment, the uneven layer 22, the gas-resin composite layer) is measured for each measurement wavelength using a specular reflection elimination method (also called the SCE method), it is preferable that, at the same in-plane position, the average value of the reflectance of the reflective layer measured from the first colored layer 50 side and the average value of the reflectance of the reflective layer measured from the second colored layer 60 side are both 0.5% or more, more preferably 1.0% or more, and particularly preferably 3.0% or more. If the reflectance of the reflective layer measured from the first colored layer 50 side at a certain in-plane position is 0% or very close to 0%, the colored portion of the colored layer exhibits black color. If the average value of the reflectance of the reflective layer measured from the first colored layer 50 side at a certain in-plane position is 0.5% or more, the colored portion of the colored layer exhibits a color other than white and black, and has excellent design. The same applies to the reflectance of the reflective layer measured from the second colored layer 60 side.

[0029] The laminate 1 of this embodiment is suitable for design purposes, and a user or observer can observe the laminate 1 from the light-transmitting layer side of the first flat layer 21 and the second flat layer 31. Light incident on the laminate 1 is reflected at the interface between the first flat layer 21 and the gas part (the space in the recess 22B), the interface between the protrusion 22A (preferably a resin part) and the gas part, or the interface between the gas part and the second flat layer 31.

[0030] In this embodiment, the convex portion 22A or the concave portion 22B is linear in plan view, preferably linear with curved portions, and particularly preferably serpentine, and has anisotropy in plan view, so that the uneven layer 22 has reflectance anisotropy in which the reflectance varies depending on the direction. Light incident on the uneven layer 22 from the light-transmitting layer of the first flat layer 21 and the second flat layer 31 is mainly reflected in the width direction of the gas part in a plan view, and is hardly reflected in the length direction of the gas part. In addition, when a plurality of gas parts are formed at intervals in a plan view, the difference in contrast between the length direction of the gas part and the width direction of the gas part becomes large. In this embodiment, when the angle of the laminate, the line of sight, or the light source is changed, the change in brightness varies depending on the in-plane position, and various contrast changes are observed. For example, on the observation surface seen by a user or observer, when the length direction of the gas part is horizontal, the width direction of the gas part is vertical, and the gas part is rotated left and right within a range of -45° to 45° around the vertical direction passing through the center of the horizontal direction as an axis, the contrast changes significantly, and the design is improved.

[0031] In this embodiment, a first colored layer 50 and a second colored layer 60 are formed on either side of the concave-convex structure 20 in a cross-sectional view, and the colored portion of the first colored layer 50 and the colored portion of the second colored layer 60 at the same in-plane position are designed to exhibit different colors. With such a design, when the angle of the laminate, line of sight, or light source is changed, a change in color is observed in addition to a change in contrast, making the change in appearance more complex and easier to view three-dimensionally, resulting in a higher designability.

[0032] In this embodiment, the color combinations of the colored portions of the first colored layer 50 and the colored portions of the second colored layer 60 can be freely designed, thereby allowing the color or color scheme and color changes of the laminate 1 to be freely designed. When all the components of the laminate 1 of this embodiment are translucent, either the first colored layer 50 side or the second colored layer 60 side can be the front side (viewing side). In this case, different colors are seen even at the same in-plane position when observed from the first colored layer 50 side and when observed from the second colored layer 60 side. In this case, the laminate 1 becomes a reversible type in which the user or observer can freely select which side is the front side (viewing side) according to preference, mood, etc.

[0033] The laminate 1 can be suitably used for decorating display devices such as flat or flexible panel displays, such as liquid crystal displays and electroluminescence (EL) displays, and touch panel displays that combine such panel displays with a touch panel.

[0034] When the laminate 1 is used in combination with a display device, it is preferable to design the laminate 1 so that its transmittance is almost constant over the entire surface. For example, when the colored layer on the front side includes a pattern such as a checkered pattern or wood grain, it is preferable to design the color and pattern of the colored layer on the back side so that the transmittance of each pixel of the laminate 1 is almost constant over the entire surface when the colored layer on the back side overlaps with the colored layer on the front side that includes a pattern. In such a design, the pattern of the colored layer on the front side is visible when the display device is turned off, and when the display device is turned on, the transmittance of the laminate 1 is almost constant over the entire surface, so that the pattern of the colored layer on the front side is not visible and the screen display of the display device can be clearly seen.

[0035] In the above applications, it is preferable that the reflectance of the reflective layer (in this embodiment, the uneven layer 22 and the gas-resin composite layer) measured from the first colored layer 50 side differs from the reflectance of the reflective layer measured from the second colored layer 60 side at the same in-plane position. Specifically, when the measurement wavelength is changed in 10 nm increments from 390 nm to 620 nm and the reflectance of the reflective layer is measured for each measurement wavelength using a specular reflection elimination method (SCE method), the variance of the difference between the reflectance of the reflective layer measured from the first colored layer 50 side and the reflectance of the reflective layer measured from the second colored layer 60 side is 0.3%. 2 More preferably, 0.8% or more 2 More preferably, 1.5% or more. 2 More preferably, it is equal to or greater than this.

[0036] The supporting members 11 and 41 are not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a resin plate, a resin film, a glass plate, and a combination thereof. The supporting members 11 and 41 may have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure, and may be treated, such as a surface treatment. At least the supporting member on the viewing side has translucency. The constituent resin of the resin plate or resin film is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include acrylic resins; vinyl chloride resins; carbonate resins; epoxy resins; olefin resins such as polyethylene and polypropylene; styrene resins; styrene resins such as ABS resins; amide resins such as nylon; fluorine resins; phenol resins; melamine resins; ester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and combinations of these. Known glass plates can be used, and examples of such glass plates include soda lime glass, borosilicate glass, aluminosilicate glass, quartz glass, sapphire glass, and alkali-free glass. The glass plate may be one that has been subjected to known surface treatments such as anti-reflection (AR) treatment, anti-glare layer (AG), anti-fingerprint (AFP) treatment, anti-soiling treatment, and antibacterial treatment. The glass plate may be one that has been subjected to known secondary processing such as tempering.

[0037] In order to prevent reflection at the interface between the support member 11 and the first flat layer 21, it is preferable that the refractive index difference between the support member 11 and the first flat layer 21 is small. Similarly, in order to prevent reflection at the interface between the second flat layer 31 and the support member 41, it is preferable that the refractive index difference between the second flat layer 31 and the support member 41 is small. The refractive index difference between the support member 11 and the first flat layer 21 and the refractive index difference between the second flat layer 31 and the support member 41 are both preferably within 0.3, more preferably within 0.2, particularly preferably within 0.1, and most preferably within 0.05.

[0038] In this embodiment, the concave-convex structure 20 is preferably made of a light-transmitting resin, and the first flat layer 21 contained therein has light-transmitting properties. The visible light transmittance of the concave-convex structure 20 is preferably 70% or more, more preferably 80% or more, and particularly preferably 90% or more. In this specification, unless otherwise specified, the visible light transmittance is measured in accordance with JIS R 3106 (1998). The laminate 1 can preferably have a support member 11 made of a light-transmitting resin that supports the first flat layer 21 on the outer surface of the concave-convex structure 20 (the surface opposite to the concave-convex surface).

[0039] The concave-convex structure 20 can be manufactured by a known method. For example, a concave-convex structure 20 having a desired concave-convex pattern can be produced by preparing a mold having a reverse pattern of the concave-convex structure 20, coating this mold with a liquid curable composition containing a precursor of a light-transmitting resin such as a monomer, an oligomer, and a prepolymer, curing the curable composition by heating or irradiating with active energy rays such as ultraviolet rays and electron beams, and peeling the molded concave-convex structure 20 from the mold. A support member 11 such as a resin film may be superimposed on the curable composition coated on the mold, and then the curable composition may be cured, and the molded concave-convex structure 20 may be peeled off from the mold together with the support member 11.

[0040] Alternatively, the concave-convex structure 20 having the desired concave-convex pattern can be produced by a method in which a flat light-transmitting resin film is prepared in advance, a molding die having a reversed pattern of the concave-convex structure 20 is pressed against the light-transmitting resin film, and the light-transmitting resin film is heated. The timing for heating the light-transmitting resin film may be before pressing the die against it. The support member 11 may be laminated on the flat light-transmitting resin film in advance, or the support member 11 may be laminated on the obtained concave-convex structure 20.

[0041] The second flat layer 31 is preferably a resin layer having light-transmitting properties, for example, a layer including an adhesive layer. The laminate 1 may have a support member 41 made of a light-transmitting resin on the outer surface of the second flat layer 31 (the surface opposite to the uneven layer 22) to support the second flat layer 31. For example, a known adhesive sheet having a peelable protective film laminated on both sides of an adhesive layer is prepared, one protective film is peeled off from the adhesive sheet to expose the adhesive layer, and the exposed adhesive layer side of the adhesive sheet is attached to the concave-convex surface of the concave-convex structure 20. In this method, the remaining protective film of the adhesive sheet becomes the support member 41. After carrying out the above-mentioned lamination, the other protective film on which the adhesive sheet remains may be peeled off, and another resin film or glass plate may be laminated as a support member 41 onto the exposed adhesive layer. The adhesive sheet is not particularly limited, and any known adhesive sheet using an adhesive such as an acrylic, urethane, or silicone adhesive can be used. The adhesive layer may be laminated in a liquid or semi-cured state on the concave-convex surface of the concave-convex structure 20 and then cured by heating or by irradiation with active energy rays such as ultraviolet rays and electron beams. When the second flat layer 31 is an adhesive layer, the support member 41 can be detached or replaced.

[0042] An adhesive tape having an adhesive layer laminated on one side of a resin substrate made of a resin such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) may be used as the second flat layer 31 and the support member 41. In this case, the adhesive layer becomes the second flat layer 31, and the resin substrate becomes the support member 41.

[0043] When the second flat layer 31 includes an adhesive layer, the adhesive layer is preferably thinner than the uneven layer 22. If the adhesive layer included in the second flat layer 31 is thinner than the uneven layer 22, the first flat layer 21 and the second flat layer 31 are bonded together even when an external force is applied, and the gas part (the space in the recess 22B) is prevented from being crushed and reduced in size, thereby preventing a decrease in reflection intensity. The ratio of the thickness of the adhesive layer included in the second flat layer 31 to the thickness of the uneven layer 22 (adhesive layer included in the second flat layer 31 / uneven layer 22) is preferably less than 1.0, more preferably 0.7 or less, and particularly preferably 0.5 or less. There is no particular lower limit to this thickness ratio, and it is preferably 0.1 or more. The thickness of the second flat layer 31 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 100 μm or less, more preferably 30 μm or less, particularly preferably 10 μm or less, and most preferably 5 μm or less. There is no particular lower limit to this thickness, but it is preferably 1 μm or more.

[0044] The convex portion 22A may not be integrally formed with the first flat layer 21 or the second flat layer 31. The method of forming one or more convex portions 22A on the first flat layer 21 and / or the second flat layer 31 prepared in advance without adopting integral molding is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include general printing methods such as flexographic printing, offset printing, gravure printing, and screen printing. For example, a photocurable ink (ultraviolet (UV) curable ink, etc.) containing a photocurable resin can be used for printing. For example, a UV printer "UJF-6042MkII" manufactured by Mimaki Engineering Co., Ltd. can be used to print one or more convex portions 22A (resin portions) on a translucent resin film that becomes a resin layer. In this method, one or more convex portions 22A can be formed by a simple process using printing ink, which is a low-cost material.

[0045] In the laminate 1 of this embodiment, a reflective layer is not provided along the uneven surface, but since only gas exists in the recesses of the concave-convex structure 20, a large refractive index difference between the gas and the material in contact with it (the first flat layer or the second flat layer) can be ensured, and the reflection intensity can be increased as in the case of providing a reflective layer along the uneven surface. Note that, in the laminate 1, it is not necessary to provide a reflective layer along the uneven surface, but a reflective layer may be provided along the uneven surface as necessary.

[0046] The laminate 1 may have a decorative layer having a pattern such as wood grain, in addition to the first colored layer 50 and the second colored layer 60. For example, by printing a wood grain pattern as the decorative layer, it is possible to provide a laminate that resembles wood at low cost without using wood, which is a high-cost natural material.

[0047] (Second embodiment of laminated structure) 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a laminate according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The same components as those in the first embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted. The laminate 2 of this embodiment is obtained by laminating a glass plate 72 on at least one surface of the laminate 1 of the first embodiment via an intermediate film 71. The illustrated example is an example in which glass plates 72 are laminated on both sides of the laminate 1 of the first embodiment via an interlayer film 71. The glass plates 72 are supporting members. The interlayer film 71 is a known interlayer film used in laminated glass.

[0048] (Third embodiment of laminated structure) 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a laminate according to a third embodiment of the present invention, in which the same components as those in the first and second embodiments are given the same reference numerals and will not be described. The laminate 3 of this embodiment is obtained by laminating a scattering layer 81 on one surface of the laminate 1 of the first embodiment. In the illustrated example, the first colored layer 50 is the front colored layer, and the second colored layer 60 is the rear colored layer. The scattering layer 81 is disposed behind the rear colored layer (the second colored layer 60 in the illustrated example). The scattering layer 81 may be a white layer containing a white pigment, and may be formed, for example, by printing using ink containing a white pigment.

[0049] By forming a scattering layer such as a white layer behind the colored layer on the back side, the color when viewed from the first colored layer 50 side becomes more vivid than in the laminate 1 of the first embodiment. In a configuration in which a front colored layer 50 and a rear colored layer 60 are provided on either side of the concave-convex structure 20, and a scattering layer 81 is further disposed behind the rear colored layer 60, light that passes through both the front colored layer 50 and the rear colored layer 60 is scattered on the surface of the scattering layer 81. In the laminate 3 of this embodiment, light in a portion of the wavelength range of light that has passed through the front-side colored layer 50 is reflected by the surface of the concave-convex structure 20, and light in a wavelength range that has passed through both the front-side colored layer 50 and the back-side colored layer 60 is scattered by the surface of the scattering layer 81. In the laminate 3 of this embodiment, the reflected light and the scattered light have different wavelength ranges, so that while vivid colors are exhibited due to scattering, when the angle of the laminate, line of sight, or light source is changed, a change in color in addition to a change in contrast is observed, making the change in appearance more complex and easier to view three-dimensionally, resulting in a higher designability.

[0050] <Design modification example of the third embodiment> As described in the second embodiment, a glass plate 72 may be laminated on at least one surface of the laminate 3 of the third embodiment via an intermediate film 71 (not shown).

[0051] <Other design modifications of the third embodiment> Instead of providing a scattering layer behind the colored layer on the back side (opposite the viewing side), the colored layer on the back side may contain a component having light scattering properties, and the colored layer on the back side may function as a scattering layer. For example, when the colored layer on the back side contains a pigment, this colored layer can function as a scattering layer. In a configuration in which a front colored layer and a rear colored layer are provided on either side of the concavo-convex structure, and the rear colored layer functions as a scattering layer, light that passes through the front colored layer and enters the rear colored layer is scattered within the rear colored layer that functions as a scattering layer. This design modification example also provides the same effects as the laminate 3 of the third embodiment. In detail, light in a certain wavelength range among the light transmitted through the front colored layer 50 is reflected by the surface of the concave-convex structure 20, and light in a wavelength range that passes through the front colored layer 50 and enters the rear colored layer 60 is absorbed by the rear colored layer 60 and scattered inside the rear colored layer 60. As a result of the different wavelength ranges of the reflected light and the scattered light, vivid colors are exhibited due to scattering, and when the angle of the laminate, line of sight, or light source is changed, a change in color in addition to a change in contrast is observed, making the change in appearance more complex and easier to view three-dimensionally, resulting in a higher designability.

[0052] (Fourth embodiment of laminated structure) 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a laminate according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, in which the same components as those in the first to third embodiments are given the same reference numerals and their explanations are omitted. The laminate 4 of this embodiment is obtained by laminating a pressure print layer 91 on the scattering layer 81 of the laminate 3 of the third embodiment. In the illustrated example, the first colored layer 50 is the front colored layer, and the second colored layer 60 is the back colored layer. A scattering layer 81 is disposed behind the back colored layer (the second colored layer 60 in the illustrated example), and a pressing print layer 91 is disposed further behind. An example of the overprint layer 91 is a black layer containing a black pigment, and can be formed, for example, by printing using ink containing a black pigment. In this embodiment, a pressing print layer 91 is further formed behind the scattering layer 81, and thus a laminate 4 having the same effects as the laminate 3 of the third embodiment and further light-shielding properties is obtained.

[0053] <Design modification example of the fourth embodiment> When the second colored layer 60 contains a pigment, the scattering layer 81 does not need to be provided.

[0054] <Other design modifications of the fourth embodiment> As described in the second embodiment, a glass plate 72 may be laminated on at least one surface of the laminate 4 of this embodiment via an intermediate film 71 (not shown).

[0055] (Fifth embodiment of laminated structure) 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a laminate according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. The same components as those in the first to fourth embodiments are given the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted. The laminate 5 of this embodiment is a laminate in which a light-transmitting reflective layer 32 having a surface unevenness is formed along the uneven surface of the uneven layer 22 of the uneven structure 20 formed on the support member 11. By providing a reflective layer along the uneven surface of the uneven layer 22, the intensity of the reflected light is increased, and the design can be improved. The reflective layer is preferably a high refractive index reflective layer containing a high refractive index material having a refractive index difference of 0.4 or more with respect to the uneven layer 22. The high refractive index reflective layer is preferably TiO 2 , Nb 2 O 5 , ZnO, ZnS, and ZrO 2 It is preferable that the optical fiber contains at least one high refractive index material selected from the group consisting of: The reflective layer may be a metal reflective layer containing a metal. The metal reflective layer can reflect a part of light and transmit a part of light by adjusting the thickness of the metal reflective layer to be relatively thin. The metal reflective layer preferably contains at least one metal material selected from the group consisting of Al, Ag, Sn, In, and Cr.

[0056] As shown in the figure, one of the first colored layer 50 and the second colored layer 60 is preferably formed in contact with the surface irregularities of the reflective layer 32. This colored layer is preferably formed to fill in the concaves of the surface irregularities of the reflective layer 32 and to cover the entire surface of the reflective layer 32. The surface irregularities of this colored layer on the side opposite the reflective layer are preferably smaller than the surface irregularities of the reflective layer 32, and it is more preferable that the surface irregularities of this colored layer on the side opposite the reflective layer are almost nonexistent. In the illustrated example, the second colored layer 60 is a colored layer that satisfies these conditions.

[0057] In the above configuration, a thickness distribution occurs in the colored layer (the second colored layer 60 in the illustrated example) formed in contact with the surface irregularities of the reflective layer 32. In this case, the thickness of one of the colored layers (the second colored layer 60 in the illustrated example) varies depending on the in-plane position, and the thickness of one of the colored layers (the second colored layer 60 in the illustrated example) varies depending on the viewing angle, so that the color change is greater when the angle of the laminate, line of sight, or light source is changed, making it easier to view three-dimensionally and improving the design. When the laminate 5 is to be viewed by a user or observer from one side, the above-mentioned effects can be more effectively obtained, so that it is preferable that the colored layer on the viewing side, out of the first colored layer 50 and the second colored layer 60, is formed along the surface irregularities of the reflective layer 32. In the laminate 5, it is preferable that the second colored layer 60 side is the viewing side.

[0058] The laminates 1 to 5 of the first to fifth embodiments can be modified in design as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Each of the components of the laminates 1 to 5 may contain any additive, if necessary. In the laminates 1 to 5, the outermost layer on the viewing side may contain an ultraviolet (UV) absorbing agent as necessary. The UV absorbing agent can prevent deterioration of the concave-convex structure 20 and the like due to ultraviolet rays. The laminates 1 to 5 may contain any constituent elements other than those described above, as necessary.

[0059] [Plane pattern of the uneven structure] The planar pattern of the concave-convex structure included in the laminate of the present invention will be described below. The same components as those in Figs. 1 to 5 are given the same reference numerals and their description will be omitted. As described above, the laminate of the present invention can include a light-transmitting concave-convex structure having a concave-convex layer including a plurality of linear convex or concave portions in plan view on the surface. The convex or concave portion may be linear or curved in plan view, or may have a shape that combines one or more curved portions and one or more linear portions. Each convex or concave portion preferably has at least one curved portion in plan view, more preferably has multiple curved portions, and particularly preferably has a meandering line shape.

[0060] In the concave-convex layer, a plurality of convex portions or concave portions are formed from first to nth convex portions at a pitch of 1000 μm or less in plan view. n is an integer of 3 or more, preferably 10 or more, more preferably 100 or more, and particularly preferably 1000 or more. There is no particular upper limit for n, and it is preferably 10,000,000 or less, more preferably 1,000,000 or less. The pitch is preferably small, and is preferably 100 μm or less, more preferably 50 μm or less.

[0061] (First embodiment of plane pattern) In the first embodiment of the planar pattern, the convex or concave portion may have one or more curved portions. Fig. 6 shows an example of a plane pattern of one convex or concave portion 111 in the plane pattern of the first embodiment. In Fig. 6, reference character BP denotes a curved portion, reference characters 111A to 111C denote poles of the curved portion, and reference character CP denotes a connection portion connected to the curved portion. The connection portion CP connected to the curved portion BP may be a curved portion or a straight portion. In one embodiment, the uneven layer can have a pattern in plan view in which a plurality of linear convex portions 111 are formed at intervals, as shown in FIG. 6, including a first curved portion facing a first direction and a second curved portion facing a second direction, connected via a curved portion BP. In another aspect, the uneven layer can have a pattern in which, when viewed in a plan view, a plurality of linear convex portions 111 are formed at intervals, the linear convex portions including a first straight portion heading in a first direction and a second straight portion heading in a second direction, which are smoothly connected via a curved portion BP. As described above, the linear projection or recess 111 may include first and second connection portions CP that are connected to one curved portion BP and are made of curved or straight portions and extend in different directions. The linear projection or recess 111 may not include the connection portion CP.

[0062] When the convex portion or concave portion has at least one curved portion, the bending angle of the curved portion is preferably 30 to 150°. In this specification, the bend angle is defined as follows. If the first or second connection part CP is a curved part, find the tangent at the inflection point between the first or second curved part BP and the connection part CP. If the first or second connection part CP is a straight part, find the extension of the first or second straight part. If the connection part CP is not connected to the curved part BP, find the tangent at the end point of the curved part BP. The angle between the tangent or extension on one side of the curved part and the tangent or extension on the other side is defined as the bending angle.

[0063] In plan view, light incident on the concave-convex structure is mainly reflected in the line width direction of the line-shaped protrusions or recesses 111, and is hardly reflected in the direction perpendicular to the line width direction. The contrast between the line width direction of the line-shaped protrusions or recesses 111 and the direction perpendicular to the line width direction becomes greater. When the linear convex or concave portion 111 has a curved portion BP, preferably a curved portion BP with a bending angle of 30 to 150°, the extending direction of the convex or concave portion 111 changes significantly at the curved portion, and a significant contrast occurs at the curved portion BP. This contrast tends to become larger as the bending angle approaches 90°.

[0064] For example, when multiple convex or concave portions 111 having curved portions BP are arranged so that the curved portions BP of adjacent convex or concave portions 111 are adjacent or close to each other, the part where the multiple curved portions BP are connected is visually perceived three-dimensionally as if it is bulging toward the front or back due to the above contrast. Whether it is perceived as the front or back side depends on the relative positions of the light source, the laminate, and the viewer. Fig. 7 shows an example of a pattern of a plurality of protrusions or recesses in a meandering line shape in plan view, arranged so that curved portions of adjacent protrusions or recesses are adjacent to each other. In Fig. 7, protrusions or recesses 111 are shown with black solid lines. As shown in the figure, the portion where the curved portions are connected is visually recognized three-dimensionally as if it is bulging toward the front or back.

[0065] By applying the above design, it is possible to provide a laminate that has an appearance similar to cut glass without engraving the laminate. Figures 8 to 11 show examples of patterns with multiple convex or concave portions that look like cut glass. In Figure 10, the left figure is an overall view of the pattern, and the lower right figure is a partially enlarged view of the center point of the pattern and its vicinity. In Figures 8 to 11, the convex or concave portions 111 are shown with black solid lines. The laminate can have one or more patterns such as those shown in Figures 8 to 11.

[0066] 8 to 11, the pattern of the plurality of protrusions or recesses 111 has a plurality of linear protrusions or recesses 111 including a first straight portion LP1 facing a first direction and a second straight portion LP2 facing a second direction, which are smoothly connected via a curved portion BP in a plan view, and has a plurality of protrusion or recess groups 111G arranged in the same direction at equal pitches. The pattern may preferably include a plurality of protrusion or recess groups 111G extending in a plurality of radial directions from the center without overlapping with each other. The arrangement pattern of the multiple convex or concave portions 111 shown in Figures 8 to 11 is similar to the arrangement pattern of the multiple convex portions (21) shown in Figures 13 to 16 of Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-141344 (unpublished at the time of filing this application), which is the inventor's previous application. Please refer to this patent document for details of the pattern.

[0067] In a radial pattern consisting of multiple groups of convex portions or groups of concave portions 111G extending in multiple radial directions from a center without overlapping each other, as shown in Figures 8 to 11, a contour pattern connecting each vertex of the radial pattern can be formed using multiple similar groups of convex portions or groups of concave portions 111G.

[0068] As an example, Fig. 12 shows how two adjacent vertices of a radial pattern consisting of four convex or concave groups 111G extending from the center in four directions at 90° intervals, as shown in Fig. 8, are connected by one convex or concave group 111G. By connecting multiple vertices of the radial pattern with multiple convex or concave groups 111G, a contour pattern connecting each vertex of the radial pattern can be formed. When the concave-convex layer is a gas-resin composite layer including a plurality of gas portions formed in a plurality of recesses 22B and a plurality of resin portions (a plurality of convex portions 22A) isolating these gas portions from one another, as in the laminate 1 of the first embodiment shown in Figure 1, the areas in the concave-convex layer where the patterns of the plurality of convex portion groups or concave portion groups 111G, including the above-mentioned radial pattern and contour pattern, are not formed can be resin only areas 120 consisting of only resin portions. Such a pattern design can be similarly applied to any radial pattern, including the radial patterns shown in Figures 9 to 11. The radial pattern and the contour pattern can be freely combined. As shown in Figure 12, the contour pattern may be formed only on a part of the entire contour of the radial pattern.

[0069] As described above, the region where the pattern of the plurality of convex or concave groups 111G is not formed can be the resin only region 120 consisting of only the resin portion. This region does not have a specific reflection, has the same appearance as the support member 11, and looks like no cut glass is engraved. By providing an area with multiple convex or concave groups 111G and an only-resin area 120 consisting of only resin in the concave-convex layer, it is possible to arbitrarily design areas that look like cut glass engravings and areas that do not look like cut glass engravings. There are two types of only-resin area 120: closed area 120A surrounded by multiple convex or concave groups 111G, and open area 120B that is not surrounded by multiple convex or concave groups 111G and is partially open.

[0070] (Second embodiment of plane pattern) 7 to 12 are examples in which the direction in which the curved portions are connected is a straight line within one convex portion group or concave portion group 111G. The direction in which the curved portions are connected does not have to be a straight line. 13A and 13B are schematic plan views of a single meandering line-shaped protrusion or recess. In the drawings, thick lines 111 and 121 indicate a single protrusion or recess. Each of the illustrated protrusions or recesses has two ends. In the drawings, reference numerals 112 and 122 indicate imaginary rectangles of minimum area that circumscribe the entire protrusion or recess 111 and 121, respectively. The planar shape of the convex portion or concave portion may be a ring-shaped meandering line having no line ends in a plan view.

[0071] For each convex or concave portion, an imaginary rectangle with the minimum area that circumscribes the entire convex or concave portion is drawn, and multiple extreme points whose tangents are parallel to the line directions of two opposing sides of the imaginary rectangle are defined as specific extreme points. However, if there are line ends, they are not included in the specific extreme points.

[0072] 13A has two poles, and both of these two poles are specific poles 111P whose tangents are parallel to the line directions of two opposing sides 112A and 112B of imaginary rectangle 112. In the example shown in FIG. 13A, both of the two specific poles 111P exist on two opposing sides 112A and 112B of imaginary rectangle 112.

[0073] The convex or concave portion 121 shown in Fig. 13B has six poles, and four of these six poles are specific poles 121P whose tangents are parallel to the line directions of two opposing sides 122A and 122B of the imaginary rectangle 122. In the figure, a point 121Q is a pole, but is a point that does not meet the definition of a specific pole. In the example shown in Fig. 13B, two of the four specific poles 121P exist on the two opposing sides 122A and 122B of the imaginary rectangle 122, and the remaining two exist inside the imaginary rectangle 122.

[0074] The second embodiment of the plane pattern can be designed as follows. Let x be an integer satisfying 1≦x≦n-1. In the concave-convex layer of the concave-convex structure, in plan view, When an operation of connecting one specific pole point of the xth convex or concave portion with one specific pole point of the x+1th convex or concave portion closest to the xth specific pole point with an xth imaginary line is repeated starting from any specific pole point of the 1st convex or concave portion until the nth specific pole point of the convex or concave portion is reached, The line direction of the xth imaginary line is different from the line direction of the x+1th imaginary line.

[0075] 14A, 15A, 16, and 17 are schematic plan views showing examples of planar patterns of a plurality of convex or concave portions SC. In these figures, a plurality of straight or meandering convex or concave portions SC are formed in the left-right direction at a pitch of 1000 μm or less, preferably 100 μm or less, and more preferably 50 μm or less in the vertical direction. 14A, 15A, 16 and 17, the line width and pitch of the convex or concave portions SC are illustrated larger than they actually are.

[0076] 14A, linear convex portions or concave portions SC and meandering convex portions or concave portions SC are mixed, but among the multiple convex portions or concave portions SC, the first to nth ones that are meandering in plan view are identified in the arrangement direction. In other words, the first to nth convex portions or concave portions SC do not include linear convex portions or concave portions SC. Here, as an example, in the planar patterns shown in Figures 14A, 15A, 16, and 17, the convex or concave portion that is serpentine-shaped when viewed from the leftmost position in the figure is the "first convex or concave portion," and the convex or concave portion that is serpentine-shaped when viewed from the rightmost position in the figure is the nth convex or concave portion.

[0077] Fig. 14B shows an example of a group of imaginary straight lines obtained by repeating the operation of connecting one specific pole point of the xth (where 1≦x≦n-1) convex portion or concave portion SC with one specific pole point of the x+1th convex portion or concave portion SC closest to the specific pole point with the xth imaginary straight line, starting from any specific pole point of the first convex portion or concave portion SC, until one specific pole point of the nth convex portion or concave portion SC is reached, for the multiple convex portions or concave portions SC shown in Fig. 14A. Fig. 14B shows two groups of imaginary straight lines Ls1 and Ls2 as examples. 14B, the group of imaginary straight lines Ls1 is not a straight line, and the line directions (line angles) of the multiple imaginary straight lines included in the group of imaginary straight lines Ls1 change. In the group of imaginary straight lines Ls1, the line direction of the xth imaginary straight line is different from the line direction (line angle) of the x+1th imaginary straight line. The same is true for the group of imaginary straight lines Ls2.

[0078] Fig. 15B illustrates an example of a group of imaginary straight lines obtained by repeating the operation of connecting one specific pole point of the xth (where 1≦x≦n-1) convex portion or concave portion SC with one specific pole point of the x+1th convex portion or concave portion SC closest to the specific pole point with the xth imaginary straight line, starting from any specific pole point of the first convex portion or concave portion SC, until one specific pole point of the nth convex portion or concave portion SC is reached, for the multiple convex portions or concave portions SC illustrated in Fig. 15A. Fig. 15B illustrates two groups of imaginary straight lines Ms1 and Ms2 as examples. 15B, the group of imaginary lines Ms1 is not a straight line, and the line directions (line angles) of the multiple imaginary lines included in the group of imaginary lines Ms1 change. The line direction (line angle) of the xth imaginary line is different from the line direction (line angle) of the x+1th imaginary line. The same is true for the group of imaginary lines Ms2.

[0079] 14A and 15A, in the pattern shown in FIG. 16, when the operation of connecting one specific pole point of the xth (where 1≦x≦n-1) convexity or concavity SC with one specific pole point of the x+1th convexity or concavity SC closest to this specific pole point with the xth imaginary straight line is repeated starting from any specific pole point of the first convexity or concavity SC until one specific pole point of the nth convexity or concavity SC is reached, the line direction of the xth imaginary straight line and the line direction (line angle) of the x+1th imaginary straight line will be different.

[0080] In the pattern shown in Fig. 17, when an operation of connecting one specific pole point of the xth (where 1≦x≦n-1) convex portion or concave portion SC with one specific pole point of the x+1th convex portion or concave portion SC closest to the specific pole point with the xth imaginary straight line is repeated from any specific pole point of the first convex portion or concave portion SC as a starting point until one specific pole point of the nth convex portion or concave portion SC is reached, the line direction of the xth imaginary straight line and the line direction (line angle) of the x+1th imaginary straight line are constant. Fig. 17 shows one imaginary straight line group Ns1 as an example. The imaginary straight line group Ns1 is one straight line, and the line direction (line angle) of the imaginary straight line does not change.

[0081] Fig. 18 is a graph showing an example of the relationship between the imaginary line number x and the angle of an imaginary line in any one of the imaginary line groups in each of the patterns shown in Fig. 14A, Fig. 15A, and Fig. 17. For example, in the pattern shown in Fig. 14A, the relationship between the imaginary line number x and the imaginary line angle for the imaginary line group Ls1 shown in Fig. 14B is found and shown in a graph. The direction passing through the starting point and perpendicular to the side of the imaginary rectangle to which the starting point belongs was defined as a reference line with an angle of 0°, and the angles [°] of each imaginary straight line were calculated in the range of -90 to 90°. As shown in Fig. 18, in the patterns shown in Fig. 14A and Fig. 15A, when the number x of the imaginary line was changed, the angle of the imaginary line was changed. In the patterns shown in Fig. 14A and Fig. 15A, the graph included one or more angle increasing parts where the angle increased with increasing x, and one or more angle decreasing parts where the angle decreased with increasing x. In the pattern shown in Fig. 15A, the graph included two or more angle increasing parts and two or more angle decreasing parts. As shown in FIG. 18, in the pattern shown in FIG. 17, even if the number x of the imaginary line was changed, the angle of the imaginary line did not change.

[0082] FIG. 19 is a graph showing an example of the relationship between the number x of a convex portion or a concave portion and the number of specific extreme points included in one convex portion or concave portion in each of the patterns shown in FIGS. 14A, 15A, 16, and 17. In the uneven layer, the number of specific poles of the first to nth convex portions or concave portions is preferably at least partially changed in plan view. In the patterns shown in Fig. 14A and Fig. 16, the number of specific poles of the first to nth convex portions or concave portions is at least partially changed in plan view. In the uneven layer, the number of specific poles of at least one convex portion or concave portion is preferably three or more in plan view. For example, in the pattern shown in Fig. 16, the number of specific poles of the convex portion or concave portion is preferably changed by three or more in plan view.

[0083] As described above, according to the present invention, when the angle of the laminate, line of sight, or light source is changed, changes in light and dark vary depending on the in-plane position, resulting in various changes in contrast, changes in color depending on the in-plane position, and the changes in appearance are more complex, making it easier to view three-dimensionally, and providing a laminate with better design properties. EXAMPLES

[0084] The present invention will be described below based on examples, but the present invention is not limited to these. Examples 1, 5, 6, and 9 、 11 is an embodiment, Example 10 is a reference example. Examples 2 to 4, 7 and 8 are comparative examples.

[0085] [material] The abbreviations for the materials used in each example are as follows. <Metal sheets for dies> (M1) Ni metal plate (10 cm length x 10 cm width x 5 mm thickness, manufactured by Nilaco Corporation). <Release agent> (RA1) "Optool HD-2100" manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd.

[0086] <Curable composition> (R1) An ultraviolet-curable composition obtained by mixing tricyclodecanol acrylate ("A-DCP" manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.), urethane acrylate ("UA-122P" manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.), and 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenyl ketone ("IRGACURE184" manufactured by BASF) in a mass ratio of 50:50:1. (R2) Transparent adhesive (Photobond, manufactured by Sunrise MSI).

[0087] <Translucent resin film> (F1) Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film (10 cm length x 10 cm width x 125 μm thickness, manufactured by Printer Paper Pro). (F2) EVA film (10 cm length × 10 cm width × 0.4 mm thickness, Bridgestone Corporation's "AB film").

[0088] <Adhesive tape> (T1) Transparent adhesive tape (10 cm long x 10 cm wide, total thickness 10 μm (adhesive layer thickness: 4 μm, base PET film thickness: 6 μm), "GL-10" manufactured by Nichiei Kako Co., Ltd.).

[0089] <Glass plate> (G1) Float glass plate (length 10 cm x width 10 cm x thickness 1.8 mm, refractive index 1.52, AGC "FL2").

[0090] [Example 1] (Mold (MM) production) In Example 1, a Ni metal plate (M1) was subjected to a known drilling process to obtain a mold (MM1) having a concave-convex structure on its surface, which consisted of a number of concave portions that were serpentine in plan view and semicircular in cross section, and a number of convex portions formed in the gaps between these concave portions. The planar pattern of the multiple recesses was a pattern as shown in Fig. 16. For a detailed description of the planar pattern, please refer to the section "Mode for Carrying Out the Invention". Please also refer to Fig. 19, which is a graph showing an example of the relationship between the number x of the protrusion or recess and the number of specific poles included in one protrusion or recess in each of the patterns shown in Figs. 14A, 15A, 16, and 17. A schematic cross-sectional view of the arrangement direction of a plurality of recesses is shown in Fig. 20. In the figure, the symbol MC indicates a recess of the mold. The mold (MM) has a reverse pattern of the surface concave-convex pattern of the concave-convex structure to be manufactured.

[0091] In Example 1, the design was carried out as follows. In the illustrated planar pattern, both the upper and lower line end portions of the multiple recesses extending in a meandering manner in the vertical direction are referred to as "both line end portions of the multiple recesses". The same applies to the multiple protrusions of the resulting concave-convex structure. In order to at least partially change the pitch of the multiple protrusions or recesses, the data for the "both line end portions" are given for the distance and pitch between the recesses of the mold and the distance and pitch between the protrusions of the concave-convex structure unless otherwise specified. In addition, in the illustrated planar pattern, the pitch is shown larger than the actual pattern in order to make it easier to see.

[0092] Width of the recess (MW) (corresponding to the width of the protrusion (RW) of the concave-convex structure): 30 μm. Depth of the recess (MH) (corresponding to the height (RH) of the protrusion of the concave-convex structure): 15 μm (half the width). Distance between recesses (MS) at both ends of the lines of the multiple recesses (corresponding to distance between protrusions (RS) at both ends of the lines of the multiple protrusions of the concave-convex structure): 30 μm. Pitch (MW+MS) of both line ends of multiple recesses (corresponding to pitch (RW+RS) of both line ends of multiple protrusions of the concave-convex structure): 60 μm.

[0093] (Molding of concave-convex structure (S)) The obtained mold (MM1) was used to mold a concave-convex structure (S1). 1 g of release agent (RA1) was applied to the entire surface of the mold (MM1) and dried at 80°C for 30 minutes. Next, 5 g of curable composition (R1) was applied to the entire surface of the mold to which the release agent (RA1) was applied. In this process, the curable composition (R1) was applied so as to fill all the recesses formed in the mold and to form a layer on the mold. Next, a PET film (F1) was placed on top of the layer of curable composition (R1) as a support member to prevent air bubbles from being trapped. Next, ultraviolet light (365 nm) was applied at 100 mW / m from the PET film (F1) side using a "UVLED" manufactured by CCS Corporation. 2 The curable composition (R1) was cured by irradiation with light at an illuminance of 100 nm for 10 seconds.

[0094] In this manner, a resin concave-convex structure (S1) was molded, which has a concave-convex structure consisting of a plurality of convex portions on the surface that are meandering linear in plan view and semicircular in cross section, and a plurality of concave portions formed in the gaps between the plurality of convex portions. The planar pattern of the plurality of convex portions of the obtained concave-convex structure (S1) is a pattern as shown in FIG. 16. The width (RW) of the convex portions, the height (RH) of the convex portions, the distance between the convex portions (RS), and the pitch (RW+RS) of the convex portions correspond to the width (MW) of the concave portions, the depth (MH) of the concave portions, the distance between the concave portions (MS), and the pitch (MW+MS) of the concave portions of the mold (MM1) used, respectively. These data are shown in Table 1. The height of the convex portions of the concave-convex structure (S) obtained in this process is referred to as the "height at the time of molding". The distance between the convex portions (RS) and the pitch (RW+RS) of the convex portions in the table are data for both line end portions.

[0095] (Production of the first laminate (LA)) The first laminate (LA1) (laminate structure: PET film (F1) (support member) / convex-concave structure (S1)), in which a PET film (F1) serving as a support member was laminated on the surface opposite to the concave-convex surface of the concave-convex structure (S1) (cured product of the curable composition), was peeled off from the mold (MM1). For the cross-sectional structure of the concave-convex structure (S1), please refer to reference numerals 11 and 20 in Fig. 1. However, the cross-sectional shape of the convex portion at this stage is semicircular.

[0096] (Production of the second laminate (LB)) The adhesive layer of the adhesive tape (T1) was placed on the uneven surface of the concave-convex structure (S1) of the first laminate (LA1), and the adhesive tape (T1) was laminated onto the first laminate (LA1) by pressing and rolling a rubber roller from above. At this time, the adhesive tape (T1) was laminated flatly onto the first laminate (LA1) so that the spaces within the multiple recesses formed on the surface of the concave-convex structure (S1) remained as gas parts. In this way, a second laminate (LB1) (lamination structure: PET film (F1) (support member) / convex-convex structure (S1) / adhesive tape (T1)) including a gas-resin composite layer was obtained. For the cross-sectional structure of the second laminate (LB1), please refer to reference numerals 11, 20, 31, and 41 in FIG. 1. As shown in the figure, during the lamination process, the heads of the semicircular convex portions in cross section of the concave-convex structure are pressed and flattened, and the height (RH) of the convex portions becomes 13 μm from 15 μm at the time of molding. The height of the convex portions of the second laminate (LB1) obtained in this process is referred to as the "height after pressing." In the gas-resin composite layer included in the second laminate (LB1), the width of the resin portion is the width of the convex portion (RW), and the width of the gas portion (GW) is the distance between the convex portions (RS). The height (RH) of the protrusions after lamination and the width (GW) of the gas part are shown in Table 1. The width (GW) of the gas part in the table is data for both ends of the line.

[0097] (Production of the third laminate (LC)) The second laminate (LB1) was subjected to color printing using a UV printer (UJF-6042MkII, manufactured by Mimaki Engineering Co., Ltd.). An ink containing a cyan dye was inkjet printed onto the entire outer surface of the PET film (F1) of the second laminate (LB1) and cured with a UV lamp to form a colored layer on the front side. An ink containing a magenta dye was inkjet printed onto the entire outer surface of the adhesive tape (T1) of the second laminate (LB1) and cured under a UV lamp to form a colored layer on the back side. In this manner, a third laminate (LC1) having the structure shown in Figure 1 (lamination structure: front colored layer (cyan) / PET film (F1) (support member) / convex-concave structure (S1) / adhesive tape (T1) / back colored layer (magenta)) was produced.

[0098] Using a Konica Minolta spectrophotometer (CM-5) from the cyan colored layer side, the wavelength was changed in 10 nm increments from 390 nm to 620 nm, and the reflectance was measured for each wavelength using the specular reflection elimination method (SCE method). The average reflectance and variance were calculated, and the average was 3.8% and the variance was 1.8%. 2 It was. Similarly, from the magenta colored layer side, a spectrophotometer (CM-5) manufactured by Konica Minolta was used to measure the reflectance at each wavelength, varying the measurement wavelength from 390 nm to 620 nm in 10 nm increments, using the specular reflection elimination method (SCE method). The average reflectance and variance were calculated, and the average was 3.2% and the variance was 1.7%. 2 It was. Using a Konica Minolta spectrophotometer (CM-5), the wavelength was changed in 10 nm increments from 390 nm to 620 nm, and the reflectance from the cyan colored layer side and the reflectance from the magenta colored layer side were measured for each wavelength using the specular reflection elimination method (SCE method). The variance of the difference between the reflectance from the cyan colored layer side and the reflectance from the magenta colored layer side was found to be 3.3%. 2 It was. The evaluation results are shown in Table 3.

[0099] (Production of the fourth laminate (LD)) A provisional laminate was obtained by sequentially stacking an EVA film (F2) and a glass plate (G1) on both sides of the third laminate (LC1). This provisional laminate was placed in a film bag, and the mouth of the bag was sealed by heating in a vacuum to create a vacuum pack, which was then heat-pressed at 100°C for 2 hours. The laminate after heat-pressing was removed from the bag to obtain a fourth laminate (LD1) having a laminate structure as shown in Figure 2 (Laminate structure: first glass plate (G1) (front glass plate) / first EVA film (F2) / front colored layer (cyan) / PET film (F1) (support member) / convex-concave structure (S1) / adhesive tape (T1) / rear colored layer (magenta) / second EVA film (F2) / second glass plate (G1) (rear glass plate)).

[0100] Table 2 shows the laminate structure of the laminate (the third laminate (LC1) in Example 1) before it is sandwiched between a pair of glass plates. In the table, "structure between colored layers" refers to the laminate structure between the front colored layer and the back colored layer. In examples in which one of the front colored layer and the back colored layer was not formed, the laminate structure of the part corresponding to the "structure between colored layers" is shown. For convenience, in the third laminate (LC1) and the fourth laminate (LD1), the "front side (viewing side)" and the "back side" are defined for convenience, and either side can be used as the front side (viewing side).

[0101] [Example 2 to Example 4] (Production of the third and fourth laminates (LC) and (LD)) In each of Examples 2 to 4, a colored layer having a color shown in Table 2 was formed on at least one entire outer surface of a second laminate (LB1) obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, to obtain third laminates (LC2) to (LC4). An EVA film (F2) and a glass plate (G1) were laminated on both sides of the obtained third laminate (LC), respectively, in the same manner as in Example 1, to obtain fourth laminates (LD2) to (LD4) for comparison. The laminate structure of the fourth laminate (LD) obtained in each example is as follows:

[0102] Example 2: (LD2) (Laminated structure: first glass plate (G1) (front glass plate) / first EVA film (F2) / front colored layer (cyan) / PET film (F1) (support member) / convex-concave structure (S1) / adhesive tape (T1) / second EVA film (F2) / second glass plate (G1) (rear glass plate)).

[0103] Example 3: (LD3) (Laminated structure: first glass plate (G1) (front glass plate) / first EVA film (F2) / PET film (F1) (supporting member) / convex-concave structure (S1) / adhesive tape (T1) / colored layer (magenta) on the rear side / second EVA film (F2) / second glass plate (G1) (rear glass plate)).

[0104] Example 4: (LD4) (Laminated structure: first glass plate (G1) (front glass plate) / first EVA film (F2) / front colored layer (cyan) / PET film (F1) (support member) / convex-concave structure (S1) / adhesive tape (T1) / rear colored layer (rear colored layer, cyan) / second EVA film (F2) / second glass plate (G1) (rear glass plate)).

[0105] In each of Examples 2 to 4, similarly to Example 1, the measurement wavelength was changed in 10 nm increments from 390 nm to 620 nm from the front colored layer side and the back colored layer side, respectively, and the reflectance was measured for each measurement wavelength using the specular reflection elimination method (SCE method), and the average reflectance and variance were calculated. In each of Examples 2 to 4, similarly to Example 1, the measurement wavelength was changed in 10 nm increments from 390 nm to 620 nm from the front colored layer side and the back colored layer side, respectively, and the reflectance was measured for each measurement wavelength using the specular reflection elimination method (SCE method), and the variance value of the difference between the reflectance from the front colored layer side and the reflectance from the back colored layer side was calculated. The evaluation results are shown in Table 3.

[0106] [Evaluation of Examples 1 to 4] The design was visually evaluated for the fourth laminate (LD) obtained in each of Examples 1 to 4. The fourth laminate (LD) obtained was observed from the first glass plate (G1) side while changing the orientation. In all cases, the change in brightness differed depending on the in-plane position, and various contrast changes were observed. In particular, when the width direction of the gaseous part was set as the vertical direction on the observation surface as seen by the observer, and the length direction of the gaseous part was set as the horizontal direction, and the gaseous part was rotated left and right in the range of -45° to 45° around the vertical direction passing through the center of the horizontal direction, the contrast changed significantly, and the image appeared three-dimensional, like a mountain range with repeated peaks and valleys.

[0107] In the fourth laminates (LD2) to (LD4) obtained in Example 2, in which no colored layer was formed on the back side, Example 3, in which no colored layer was formed on the front side, and Example 4, in which the colored layer on the front side and the colored layer on the back side were the same color, a change in contrast was observed when the orientation was changed, but no change in color was observed.

[0108] In contrast, in the fourth laminate (LD1) obtained in Example 1, in which a front colored layer and a back colored layer were formed by sandwiching a concave-convex structure and the colors of these layers were changed, a change in color in addition to a change in contrast was observed when the orientation was changed, resulting in a more complex change in appearance, which was easier to view three-dimensionally and had a higher designability. The fourth laminate (LD1) obtained in Example 1 was also blue when observed from the first glass plate (G1) side, and purple when observed from the second glass plate (G1) side. It was confirmed that the fourth laminate (LD1) was a reversible type that allowed a user or observer to freely select either the first glass plate (G1) side or the second glass plate (G1) side as the front side (viewing side) according to preference, mood, or the like.

[0109] The evaluation results are shown in Table 3. Appearance was judged by visual inspection, and the three-dimensional visibility due to contrast change, the three-dimensional visibility due to color change, and the overall visibility were each rated on a four-level scale: ◎ (excellent), ○ (good), △ (fair), × (poor).

[0110] [Example 5 to Example 8] (Production of the third and fourth laminates (LC) and (LD)) In Example 5, a white layer containing a white pigment was formed as a scattering layer on the entire surface of the colored layer on the back side of the third laminate (LC1) obtained in Example 1, thereby obtaining a third laminate (LC5) having a cross-sectional structure as shown in Figure 3. In Example 6, a white layer was formed as a scattering layer over the entire surface of the colored layer on the back side of the third laminate (LC1) obtained in Example 1, and a black layer containing a black pigment was further formed on top of that as a pressing printing layer to obtain a third laminate (LC6) having a cross-sectional structure as shown in Figure 4. In Example 7, a white layer containing a white pigment was formed as a scattering layer on the entire surface of the adhesive tape (T1) of the third laminate (LC2) obtained in Example 2 to obtain a third laminate (LC7). In Example 8, a white layer containing a white pigment was formed as a scattering layer on the entire surface of the colored layer on the back side of the third laminate (LC4) obtained in Example 4 to obtain a third laminate (LC8). In Examples 5 to 8, the white layer was formed by inkjet printing of ink containing a white pigment using a UV printer (UJF-6042MkII, manufactured by Mimaki Engineering Co., Ltd.) and curing with a UV lamp. In Examples 5 to 8, the black layer was formed by inkjet printing black ink using a UV printer (UJF-6042MkII, manufactured by Mimaki Engineering Co., Ltd.) and curing with a UV lamp.

[0111] In each of Examples 5 to 8, an EVA film (F2) and a glass plate (G1) were laminated on both sides of the obtained third laminate (LC) in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain fourth laminates (LD5) to (LD8). The laminate structures of the fourth laminates (LD) obtained in each example are as follows.

[0112] Example 5: (LD5) (Laminated structure: first glass plate (G1) (front glass plate) / first EVA film (F2) / front colored layer (cyan) / PET film (F1) (support member) / convex-concave structure (S1) / adhesive tape (T1) / rear colored layer (magenta) / scattering layer (white layer) / second EVA film (F2) / second glass plate (G1) (rear glass plate)).

[0113] Example 6: (LD6) (Laminated structure: first glass plate (G1) (front glass plate) / first EVA film (F2) / front colored layer (cyan) / PET film (F1) (supporting member) / convex-concave structure (S1) / adhesive tape (T1) / rear colored layer (magenta) / scattering layer (white layer) / pressing print layer (black layer) / second EVA film (F2) / second glass plate (G1) (rear glass plate)).

[0114] Example 7: (LD7) (Laminated structure: first glass plate (G1) (front glass plate) / first EVA film (F2) / front colored layer (cyan) / PET film (F1) (support member) / convex-concave structure (S1) / adhesive tape (T1) / scattering layer (white layer) / second EVA film (F2) / second glass plate (G1) (rear glass plate)).

[0115] Example 8: (LD8) (Laminated structure: first glass plate (G1) (front glass plate) / first EVA film (F2) / front colored layer (cyan) / PET film (F1) (support member) / convex-concave structure (S1) / adhesive tape (T1) / rear colored layer / scattering layer (white layer) / second EVA film (F2) / second glass plate (G1) (rear glass plate)).

[0116] [Evaluation of Examples 5 to 8] The design was visually evaluated for the fourth laminate (LD) obtained in each of Examples 5 to 8. The fourth laminate (LD) obtained was observed from the first glass plate (G1) side while changing the orientation, and was evaluated in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 4. The evaluation results are shown in Table 3.

[0117] In the fourth laminates (LD5) and (LD6) obtained in Examples 5 and 6, in which a concave-convex structure was sandwiched between a front colored layer and a rear colored layer, and the colors of these layers were changed, similar to Example 1, various contrast changes were observed, with the light and dark changing depending on the in-plane position. In particular, when the width direction of the gas part was set as the vertical direction, the length direction of the gas part was set as the horizontal direction, and the vertical direction passing through the center of the horizontal direction was rotated in the range of -45° to 45° on the observation surface seen by the observer, the contrast changed significantly, and it looked three-dimensional like a mountain range with repeated mountains and valleys. In the fourth laminates (LD5) and (LD6) obtained in these examples, when the orientation was changed, a color change was observed in addition to a contrast change, and the change in appearance was more complex, it was easier to view three-dimensionally, and it had a higher designability.

[0118] The fourth laminates (LD5) and (LD6) obtained in these examples had a white layer formed as a scattering layer on the colored layer on the back side, and as a result, the color when viewed from the first glass plate (G1) side was more vivid than in Example 1. In a configuration in which a front colored layer and a rear colored layer are provided on either side of the concave-convex structure, and a scattering layer is further disposed behind the rear colored layer, light transmitted through both the front colored layer and the rear colored layer is scattered on the surface of the scattering layer. In the fourth laminates (LD5) and (LD6) obtained in Examples 5 and 6, light in a part of the wavelength range of light transmitted through the front colored layer is reflected on the surface of the concave-convex layer, and light in a wavelength range transmitted through both the front colored layer and the rear colored layer is scattered on the surface of the scattering layer, and as a result of the difference in wavelength range of the light, a more vivid color can be exhibited. In Example 6, a black layer was further formed behind the scattering layer as a pressing print layer, thereby obtaining a laminate having the above-mentioned action and effect and further light-shielding properties.

[0119] In the fourth laminates (LD7) and (LD8) obtained in Examples 7 and 8, almost no change in contrast was observed even when the orientation was changed. This is thought to be because there was only one colored layer, so the spectrum of the light reflected by the surface of the uneven layer and the spectrum of the light scattered by the surface of the scattering layer were equivalent, and the anisotropic reflection in the uneven layer was relatively weak.

[0120] [Example 9] (Production of the third and fourth laminates (LC) and (LD)) Using a UV printer (UJF-6042MkII, manufactured by Mimaki Engineering Co., Ltd.), a mixed ink of magenta ink and white pigment ink mixed at a mass ratio of 9:1 was screen-printed as a colored layer on the entire surface of the adhesive tape (T1) of the second laminate (LB1) as a back side, and cured with a UV lamp. The same procedure as in Example 1 was followed to obtain a third laminate (LC9). An EVA film (F2) and a glass plate (G1) were laminated on both sides of the obtained third laminate (LC9) in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a fourth laminate (LD9). The laminate structure of the obtained fourth laminate (LD9) is as follows.

[0121] Example 9: (LD9) (Laminated structure: first glass plate (G1) (front glass plate) / first EVA film (F2) / front colored layer (cyan) / PET film (F1) (support member) / convex-concave structure (S1) / adhesive tape (T1) / rear colored layer (mixture of magenta and white (mass ratio 9:1)) / second EVA film (F2) / second glass plate (G1) (rear glass plate)).

[0122] As in Example 1, the measurement wavelength was changed in 10 nm increments from 390 nm to 620 nm from the front colored layer side and the back colored layer side, respectively, and the reflectance was measured for each measurement wavelength using the specular reflection elimination method (SCE method), and the average reflectance and variance were calculated. As in Example 1, the measurement wavelength was changed in 10 nm increments from 390 nm to 620 nm from the front colored layer side and the back colored layer side, respectively, and the reflectance was measured for each measurement wavelength using the specular reflection elimination method (SCE method). The variance value of the difference between the reflectance from the front colored layer side and the reflectance from the back colored layer side was calculated. The evaluation results are shown in Table 3.

[0123] [Evaluation of Example 9] The design property of the fourth laminate (LD9) obtained in Example 9 was visually evaluated. The fourth laminate (LD) obtained was observed from the first glass plate (G1) side while changing the orientation, and was evaluated in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 4. The evaluation results are shown in Table 3.

[0124] In the fourth laminate (LD9) obtained in Example 9, in which a concave-convex structure was sandwiched between a front colored layer and a rear colored layer, and the colors of these layers were changed, the light and dark changes varied depending on the in-plane position, and various contrast changes were observed, as in Example 1. In particular, when the width direction of the gas part was the vertical direction, the length direction of the gas part was the horizontal direction, and the vertical direction passing through the center of the horizontal direction was rotated in the range of -45° to 45° to the left and right, the contrast changed significantly, and the laminate appeared three-dimensional like a mountain range with repeated mountains and valleys. In the fourth laminate (LD9) obtained in this example, when the orientation was changed, in addition to the contrast change, a color change was observed, and the change in appearance was more complex, it was easier to view three-dimensionally, and it had a higher designability.

[0125] In the fourth laminate (LD9) obtained in this example, a colored layer functioning as a scattering layer was formed on the rear side using an ink that was a mixture of magenta ink and white pigment ink in a mass ratio of 9:1, making the color more vivid when viewed from the first glass plate (G1) side compared to Example 1. In a configuration in which a front colored layer and a back colored layer are provided on either side of the concave-convex structure, and the back colored layer further functions as a scattering layer, light that passes through the front colored layer and enters the back colored layer is scattered within the back colored layer, which functions as a scattering layer. In the fourth laminate (LD9) obtained in Example 9, since the front colored layer and the back colored layer have different absorption wavelength ranges, light in a part of the wavelength range of light that passes through the front colored layer is reflected on the surface of the concave-convex layer, and light in a wavelength range that passes through both the front colored layer and the back colored layer is scattered on the surface of the scattering layer, and as a result of the different wavelength ranges of the light, a more vivid color can be presented.

[0126] [Example 10] (Manufacture of the fifth laminate (LE)) A 60 nm thick film of ZnS (refractive index: 2.3) was deposited as a reflective layer by sputtering on the uneven surface of the uneven structure (S1) of the first laminate (LA1) obtained in Example 1, to produce a fifth laminate (LE10) (lamination structure: ZnS reflective layer / uneven structure (S1) / PET film (F1) (support member)).

[0127] (Production of the sixth laminate (LF)) A colored layer with the color shown in Table 2 was formed on both sides of the fifth laminate (LE10) (the outer surface of the ZnS reflective layer and the outer surface of the PET film (F1)) using a UV printer (UJF-6042MkII, manufactured by Mimaki Engineering Co., Ltd.) (see Figure 5 for the cross-sectional structure). Furthermore, a white layer was formed as a scattering layer on the colored layer on the back side, and a black layer was further formed as a pressing print layer on top of that in the same manner as in Example 6. In this manner, a sixth laminate (LF10) (lamination structure: colored layer on the front side (cyan) / ZnS reflective layer / convex-concave structure (S1) / PET film (F1) (support member) / colored layer on the back side (magenta) / scattering layer (white layer) / pressing print layer (black layer)) was produced.

[0128] (Production of the seventh laminate (LG)) A seventh laminate (LG10) was obtained by laminating an EVA film (F2) and a glass plate (G1) on both sides of the obtained sixth laminate (LF10) in the same manner as in Example 1. The laminate structure of the obtained seventh laminate (LG10) is as follows. Example 10: (LG10) (Laminated structure: first glass plate (G1) (front glass plate) / first EVA film (F2) / front colored layer (cyan) / ZnS reflective layer / convex-concave structure (S1) / PET film (F1) (support member) / rear colored layer (magenta) / scattering layer (white layer) / pressing print layer (black layer) / second EVA film (F2) / second glass plate (G1) (rear glass plate)).

[0129] [Evaluation of Example 10] The seventh laminate (LG10) obtained in Example 10 was visually evaluated for design. The seventh laminate (LG10) obtained was observed from the first glass plate (G1) side while changing the orientation, and was evaluated in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 4. The evaluation results are shown in Table 3.

[0130] In the seventh laminate (LG10) obtained in Example 10, in which a concave-convex structure was sandwiched between a front colored layer and a rear colored layer, and the colors of these layers were changed, various contrast changes were observed, with light and dark varying depending on the in-plane position, as in Example 1. In particular, when the width direction of the gas part was the vertical direction, the length direction of the gas part was the horizontal direction, and the vertical direction passing through the center of the horizontal direction was rotated in the range of -45° to 45° to the left and right, the contrast changed significantly, and the laminate appeared three-dimensional, like a mountain range with repeated peaks and valleys. In the seventh laminate (LG10) obtained in this example, when the orientation was changed, in addition to the contrast change, a color change was observed, and the change in appearance was more complex, it was easier to view three-dimensionally, and it had a higher designability.

[0131] The seventh laminate (LG10) obtained in Example 10 showed a larger color change when the orientation was changed, was easier to see three-dimensionally, and had a higher design quality than the fourth laminate (LD6) obtained in Example 6. This is thought to be because the front colored layer was formed on the uneven surface of the reflective layer formed along the uneven surface of the uneven structure, and the thickness of the front colored layer changed depending on the in-plane position, and the thickness of the front colored layer changed depending on the viewing angle.

[0132] [Example 11] (Production of the fourth laminate (LD)) A fourth laminate (LD11) was produced in the same manner as the fourth laminate (LD1) of Example 1, except that the design of the front and back colored layers was changed as follows. The colored layer on the front side was configured with a plurality of cyan colored portions each having a square shape of 20 mm square in plan view and a plurality of magenta colored portions having a square shape of 20 mm square in plan view, arranged in a checkerboard pattern. The colored layer on the back side was configured with a plurality of red colored portions in the shape of a 20 mm square in plan view and a plurality of green colored portions in the shape of a 20 mm square in plan view, arranged in a checkerboard pattern. The design was such that the cyan colored portion on the front side and the red colored portion on the back side faced each other, and the magenta colored portion on the front side and the green colored portion on the back side faced each other.

[0133] Using a spectrophotometer (CM-5) manufactured by Konica Minolta, the reflection spectrum and transmission spectrum of the overlapping part of the cyan colored part and the red colored part of the fourth laminate (LD11) were measured by changing the measurement wavelength in 10 nm increments from 360 nm to 740 nm using the specular reflection elimination method (SCE method). The reflection spectrum and transmission spectrum of the overlapping part of the magenta colored part and the green colored part were also measured in the same manner. The reflection spectrum is shown in Figure 21A, and the transmission spectrum is shown in Figure 21B. It was confirmed that the reflection spectra of the overlapping area between the cyan and red colored areas and the overlapping area between the magenta and green colored areas were significantly different, but the transmission spectra were nearly the same.

[0134] (Production of the eighth laminate (LH)) A transparent adhesive (R2) was applied onto the glass plate on the front side of a commercially available liquid crystal display, and the fourth laminate (LD11) was placed on top of the adhesive, taking care to avoid air bubbles as much as possible. At this time, the second glass plate (G1) (back glass plate) of the fourth laminate (LD11) was placed in contact with the liquid crystal display. Next, ultraviolet light (365 nm) was applied at 100 mW / m from a UV LED manufactured by CCS Corporation to the first glass plate (G1) (front glass plate) of the fourth laminate (LD11). 2The laminate was then irradiated with light at an illuminance of 100 nm for 10 seconds to harden the transparent adhesive (R2), thereby producing an eighth laminate (LH11) (lamination structure: first glass plate (G1) (front glass plate) / first EVA film (F2) / front colored layer (cyan and magenta checkered pattern) / PET film (F1) (support member) / convex-concave structure (S1) / adhesive tape (T1) / rear colored layer (red and green checkered pattern) / second EVA film (F2) / second glass plate (G1) (rear glass plate) / transparent adhesive (R2) / liquid crystal display).

[0135] [Evaluation of Example 11] The eighth laminate (LH11) obtained in Example 11 was visually evaluated for design. The eighth laminate (LH11) obtained was observed from the first glass plate (G1) (front glass plate) side while changing the orientation, and was evaluated in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 4. The evaluation results are shown in Table 3. When the liquid crystal display screen was turned off, a cyan and magenta checkered pattern was visible, as with the fourth laminate (LD11), and high design was obtained. When the liquid crystal display screen was turned on, the cyan and magenta checkered pattern was not visible, and the screen display of the liquid crystal display was clearly visible through the eighth laminate (LH11). It was confirmed that the reflection spectra of the overlapping areas of the cyan and red colored areas and the overlapping areas of the magenta and green colored areas are significantly different, so that the checkered pattern on the front side can be clearly seen when the LCD screen is turned off. It was confirmed that the transmission spectra of the overlapping areas of the cyan and red colored sections and the overlapping areas of the magenta and green colored sections are nearly identical, so that when the LCD display is turned on, no checkerboard pattern is visible and the LCD screen display can be clearly seen. It was possible to obtain a laminate that can be decorated and has an improved design without adversely affecting the visibility of the liquid crystal display screen.

[0136] [Table 1]

[0137] [Table 2]

[0138] [Table 3]

[0139] This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2020-049285, filed on March 19, 2020, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein in its entirety. [Explanation of symbols]

[0140] 1 to 5: first to fifth laminates, 11, 41: support member, 20: concave-convex structure, 21: first flat layer, 22: concave-convex layer (may function as a reflective layer), 22A: convex portion, 22B: concave portion, 31: second flat layer, 32: reflective layer, 50: first colored layer, 51, 52: colored portion, 60: second colored layer, 61, 62: colored portion, 81: scattering layer, 91: pressure printing layer, 111, 121: convex portion or concave portion.

Claims

1. A reflective layer; A first colored layer and a second colored layer are formed so as to sandwich the reflective layer in a cross-sectional view, At least one of the first colored layer and the second colored layer has light-transmitting properties, the first colored layer includes a colored portion that absorbs light in at least a part of a wavelength range within 390 to 620 nm, the second colored layer includes a colored portion, which is located opposite to the colored portion of the first colored layer, and which absorbs light in at least a part of a wavelength range of 390 to 620 nm and exhibits a color different from that of the colored portion of the first colored layer; a concave-convex layer is provided between the first colored layer and the second colored layer, the concave-convex layer having three or more linear convex or concave portions formed side by side at a pitch of 1000 μm or less in a plan view; the concave-convex layer has a gas portion formed in the concave portion, A laminate, wherein the reflective layer is composed of the uneven layer.

2. The laminate described in claim 1, wherein the uneven layer contains a resin.

3. A laminate as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein a resin layer is arranged between the uneven layer and the first colored layer or the second colored layer, in contact with the uneven layer.

4. When the measurement wavelength was changed in 10 nm increments from 390 nm to 620 nm and the reflectance of the reflective layer was measured for each measurement wavelength by a regular reflection light removal method, The laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein at the same in-plane position, the average value of the reflectance of the reflective layer measured from the first colored layer side and the average value of the reflectance of the reflective layer measured from the second colored layer side are both 0.5% or more.

5. When the measurement wavelength was changed in 10 nm increments from 390 nm to 620 nm and the reflectance of the reflective layer was measured for each measurement wavelength by a regular reflection light removal method, At the same in-plane position, the variance of the difference between the reflectance of the reflective layer measured from the first colored layer side and the reflectance of the reflective layer measured from the second colored layer side is 0.3%. ２ The laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. The laminate is viewed by a user or observer from one side, The laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the colored layer on the opposite side to the viewing side of the first colored layer and the second colored layer contains a pigment.

7. The laminate is viewed by a user or observer from one side, The laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a scattering layer on the back side of one of the first colored layer and the second colored layer opposite to the viewing side.

8. A laminate described in any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising a resin or glass support member between the uneven layer and the first colored layer or the second colored layer, supporting a resin layer arranged in contact with the uneven layer and arranged on the surface of the resin layer opposite to the surface of the uneven layer.

9. The laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which is used for decorating a display device.

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