Air Conditioning System

Abstract

It provides a comfortable environment for workers while reducing the power required for transportation. [Solution] The present invention is characterized in that the floor radiant air conditioning system 11 is equipped with a floor heating and cooling equipment 5 that is installed above and below the double floor 2 and is capable of dissipating heat, and the floor blow-out air conditioning system 12 is equipped with a plurality of floor air vents 6 having fans 7 that can rotate forward and backward and whose rotation speed can be controlled, and the fan 7 of the floor air vent 6 is rotated in the reverse direction to send air in the task area below the double floor 2, and the fan 7 of another floor air vent 6 is rotated in the forward direction to blow air below the double floor 2 into the task area, thereby making it possible to use the heat released below the double floor 2 from the floor radiant air conditioning system 11 from the floor radiant air conditioning system 11 for indoor thermal load treatment in the task area.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an air conditioning system that uses an underfloor blowing method to condition a task area of ​​a target space having a raised floor on a floor slab, and uses an underfloor radiating method to condition an ambient area other than the task area. [Background technology]

[0002] 2. Description of the Related Art A task-ambient air conditioning system that controls a space where people work (task area) and other spaces (ambient area) to have separate environments is known as an air conditioning system aimed at saving energy.

[0003] As an example of this type of air conditioning system, an air conditioning system has been proposed in which the environment in the task area is controlled by a convection air conditioning system using floor blowing, and the environment in the ambient area is controlled by a radiant air conditioning system using floor and ceiling panels (see, for example, Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] JP 2015-64129 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] Generally, convection air conditioning systems using floor-discharge methods provide a cool feeling due to the airflow and are highly responsive to changes in air temperature, but they are prone to uneven indoor temperatures and airflow, and are inferior to water transport in terms of heat transport efficiency. On the other hand, radiant air conditioning systems have the advantages of less draftiness, high quietness, and less uneven indoor temperature, but they have problems such as poor response to changes in the target temperature, and in the case of radiant air conditioning systems using floor panels, there is also the problem of unintentional heat dissipation under the floor, which is not related to the thermal load treatment in the room. .

[0006] The present invention has been made to solve the various problems mentioned above, and aims to provide an air conditioning system that provides a comfortable environment for workers while reducing the amount of energy required for transportation by combining the characteristics of both the convection air conditioning system using the floor-blowing method described above and the radiant air conditioning system using floor panels. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned objective, the present invention provides an air conditioning system in an air-conditioned space having a double floor on a floor slab, in which an ambient area is conditioned by a floor radiant air conditioning system and a task area is conditioned by a floor blow-out air conditioning system, the floor radiant air conditioning system being equipped with floor heating and cooling equipment installed above and below the double floor so as to be able to dissipate heat, the floor blow-out air conditioning system being equipped with a plurality of floor air vents having fans that can rotate forward and backward and whose rotation speed can be controlled, the fan of the floor air vent being rotated in the reverse direction to send air in the task area below the double floor, and the fan of another floor air vent being rotated in the forward direction to blow air below the double floor into the task area, thereby making it possible to use the heat released below the double floor from the floor radiant air conditioning system for indoor thermal load processing in the task area.

[0008] In the air conditioning system of the present invention, it is preferable that the state of the floor air vent, including the forward / reverse rotation direction and rotation speed of the fan, is controlled based on the target temperature of the task area, which is set using the PMV value, position information of people in the task area detected by a human presence sensor, and reported information from the people in the task area regarding their thermal sensation and airflow.

[0009] In the air conditioning system of the present invention, it is preferable that the fan in an area where the presence of a person is confirmed by the human presence sensor is controlled to rotate in the forward direction, and the fan in an area where the absence of a person is confirmed by the human presence sensor is controlled to rotate in the reverse direction or to stop.

[0010] In the air conditioning system of the present invention, it is preferable that the activity value, which is one element of the PMV value, is varied based on the accumulated time spent seated, and the activity value immediately after sitting is varied based on the accumulated time spent away from the seat, thereby changing the target temperature of the task area.

[0011] In the air conditioning system according to the present invention, it is preferable that the value of the activity amount is increased or decreased based on declared information on a thermal sensation from a person in the task area.

[0012] In the air conditioning system of the present invention, it is preferable that the value of the amount of clothing worn, which is one element of the PMV value, is set to a minimum in summer, a maximum in winter, and is set to a value smaller than in summer and larger than in winter in intermediate seasons, and that the target temperature of the task area is changed.

[0013] It is preferable that the target temperature of the task area is corrected based on the concept of an adaptive model.

[0014] In the air conditioning system according to the present invention, it is preferable that the rotation speed of the fan is increased or decreased based on information reported by people in the task area regarding the feeling of airflow. Effect of the Invention

[0015] According to the present invention, a floor air vent equipped with a fan that can rotate forward and reverse and has a controllable rotation speed is used to draw indoor air into under the floor and then blow it out into the room from another floor air vent, and the cooled or heated air from under the floor is used to locally treat the heat load in the task area where people are present, thereby achieving a variety of excellent effects, such as creating a comfortable environment while saving energy. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0016] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic diagram showing a basic configuration of an air conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2]FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing combinations of the rotation directions of fans of two floor air vents in an air conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention, where (a) shows a combination in which the fan of one floor air vent rotates forward and the fan of the other floor air vent rotates reversely, (b) shows a combination in which the fans of both floor air vents rotate forward, and (c) shows a combination in which the fans of both floor air vents rotate reversely. [Diagram 3] FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an example in which 40 floor air vents are distributed across seven air conditioning control zones in a task area in an air conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a change over time in the amount of activity in the air conditioning system according to the embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 5] FIG. 4 is a diagram showing seasonal changes in the amount of clothing worn in an air conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] FIG. 11 is a diagram (source: ANSI / ASHRAE Standard 55-2010) showing how a comfortable temperature of an adaptive model is calculated from the monthly average outdoor air temperature in an air-conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the temperature difference between the indoor temperature and a target temperature and the fan rotation speed ratio in the air conditioning system according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. [Figure 8] FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a method for determining and controlling the rotation direction of a fan when infrared array sensors corresponding to two of six floor air vents detect the presence of a person in an air conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 9] FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the relationship between the declared value regarding airflow feeling and an increase / decrease correction value by which the rotation speed of a fan is multiplied in the air conditioning system according to the embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 10] 1 is a diagram showing a comparison of the amount of heat generated by cooling and heating water when a fan of a floor air vent is stopped and when it is operating in an air conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0017] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Here, Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the basic configuration of an air conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a combination of rotation directions of two floor air vents in an air conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 3 is a plan view showing an example in which 40 floor air vents are distributed among seven air conditioning control zones in a task area in an air conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] As shown in Figure 1, an air conditioning system 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention is an air conditioning system in an air-conditioned space S having a double floor 2 on a floor slab 1, in which an ambient area AA is conditioned by a floor radiation type air conditioning system 11 and a task area TA is conditioned by a floor outlet type air conditioning system 12.

[0019] The floor radiant air conditioning system 11 that conditions the ambient area AA is equipped with a floor heating and cooling equipment 5 having hot and cold water piping 4 installed on the underside of the floor panel 3 of the double floor 2. The floor heating and cooling equipment 5 is installed above and below the double floor 2 in a manner that allows heat to be dissipated, and is controlled by a temperature sensor (not shown) etc. installed in the ambient area AA.

[0020] The underfloor air conditioning system 12 that conditions the task area TA is equipped with multiple floor air vents 6 installed on the floor panel 3 of the double floor 2. Each floor air vent 6 is equipped with a fan 7 that can rotate forward and backward and an openable and closable shutter 8. Each floor air vent 6 is individually controlled to turn on / off the fan 7, the direction of rotation, the number of rotations, and the opening and closing of the shutter 8 according to the desired environment in the task area TA, based on information on the position of people detected by a person detection device such as an infrared array sensor 9 in the task area TA, the room temperature detected by a temperature sensor, and information reported by the worker regarding the sensation of hot and cold and the sensation of airflow.

[0021] For example, as shown in Fig. 2, when two floor air vents 6a and 6b are installed, three combinations are possible: a combination in which the fan 7a of one floor air vent 6a rotates forward and the fan 7b of the other floor air vent 6b rotates backward as shown in Fig. 2(a), a combination in which the fans 7a and 7b of both floor air vents 6a and 6b rotate forward as shown in Fig. 2(b), and a combination in which the fans 7a and 7b of both floor air vents 6a and 6b rotate backward as shown in Fig. 2(c). In addition, if the stop state and rotation speed of the fan 7 are also taken into account, various environments can be realized even with two floor air vents 6a and 6b, and if more (three or more) floor air vents 6 are installed, it is possible to set even more combinations of the operation of the fan 7.

[0022] Figure 3 shows an example where 40 floor air vents 6 (indicated by ● in Figure 3) are distributed in the task area TA, in which case the task area TA is divided into seven air conditioning control zones Z (indicated by dashed lines in Figure 3), each with four or six floor air vents 6. The air conditioning control in the task area TA uses a predicted mean vote (PMV) value, which is an index of thermal sensation, and this PMV value is evaluated based on six items in the task area TA: physical elements of temperature, relative humidity, average wind speed, and average radiant temperature, and human elements of the amount of activity and amount of clothing.

[0023] Next, a specific control method for the air conditioning system 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the time change in the amount of activity in an air-conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the seasonal change in the amount of clothing in an air-conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 6 is a diagram showing how a comfortable temperature of an adaptive model is calculated from the monthly average outdoor air temperature in an air-conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention (source: ANSI / ASHRAE Standard 55-2010), FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between the temperature difference between the indoor temperature and a target temperature and the fan rotation speed ratio in an air-conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a method for determining and controlling the rotation direction of the fans when infrared array sensors corresponding to two of the six floor air vents detect the presence of a person in an air-conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the relationship between the reported value regarding the airflow feeling and the increase / decrease correction value multiplied by the fan rotation speed in an air-conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a comparison of the hot and cold water heat quantities when the floor air vent fans are stopped and when they are operating in an air-conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] In the air conditioning system 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the amount of activity, which is one of the factors that affect the PMV value, is calculated using the accumulated time of presence and the accumulated time of absence of a person. The accumulated time of presence is calculated by inputting the presence / absence information of a person for each area covered by each floor air vent 6 detected by the infrared array sensor 9 into a calculation program and combining it with the timestamp of the input. Similarly, the accumulated time of absence is calculated by accumulating the absence time before an area that has changed from an absent state to a present state becomes a present state.

[0025] FIG. 4 shows an example of calculation of the time change of the amount of activity (MET) in the air conditioning system 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention. In the example shown in FIG. 5, the MET value immediately after sitting is set to 2.0, and the MET value when sitting still is set to 1.0. Then, when a person leaves the seat for a long time due to going out, etc., the MET value is reduced from immediately after sitting to the MET value when sitting still over a period of 10 minutes based on the accumulated stay time calculated by the calculation program (see the solid line in FIG. 4). However, when a person leaves the seat for a short time, it is considered that the amount of activity does not increase as much as when the person leaves the seat for a long time. Therefore, when it is determined that the person has left the seat for a short time based on the accumulated absence time calculated by the calculation program (for example, when the time elapsed from the presence state to the absence state to the presence state again is 5 minutes or less), the MET value immediately after sitting is set to 1.4, not 2.0, by reducing the increase from the MET value of 1.0 when sitting still at a rate of 60%. The MET value of 2.0 or 1.0, the elapsed time of 10 minutes or 5 minutes, and the reduction rate of 60% can be changed as appropriate by a predetermined operation.

[0026] The activity amount can be increased or decreased by the input of information on thermal sensation from a PC, smartphone, or the like by the person in the task area TA. The information is set to five levels: "warm" more than twice, "warm" once, no report, "cool" once, and "cool" more than twice. When "warm" is reported more than twice, the activity amount is corrected to -0.25×2. When "warm" is reported once, the activity amount is corrected to -0.25. When no report is made, the activity amount is corrected to ±0. When "cool" is reported once, the activity amount is corrected to +0.25. When "cool" is reported more than twice, the activity amount is corrected to +0.25×2. The increase or decrease correction by input of information on thermal sensation may be canceled after a predetermined time (e.g., 5 minutes) has elapsed since leaving the seat.

[0027] Next, Fig. 5 shows an example of calculation based on seasonal changes in the amount of clothing (clo) in the air conditioning system 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention. In the example shown in Fig. 5, the amount of clothing is changed based on date information so that the clo value is small in summer and large in winter. Note that the clo value can also be changed daily, but in the example of Fig. 5, the amount of clothing (clo) is set taking into consideration that people's clothing does not change much in summer (June to September) and winter (December to March).

[0028] Of the other six items used to calculate the PMV value, the floor surface temperature obtained by the infrared array sensor 9 is used for the average radiant temperature, and the average wind speed (airflow) and relative humidity are calculated at constant values. The PMV value is then calculated from this information, and the indoor temperature at which the PMV value becomes 0 is calculated.

[0029] Next, the indoor target temperature is corrected based on the concept of an "adaptive model," which is an index of comfort. Specifically, as shown in Fig. 6, the optimum temperature of the adaptive model is calculated from the monthly average outdoor air temperature, and the indoor target temperature is corrected by apportioning the optimum temperature of the adaptive model and the indoor temperature at which the PMV value is 0 at a predetermined ratio. The apportionment ratio at this time can be set arbitrarily. For example, in the case of 1:1, the indoor target temperature is the average value of the optimum temperature of the adaptive model and the indoor temperature calculated to achieve a PMV value of 0, and in the case of 0:1, the indoor target temperature is not corrected by the adaptive model and remains at the temperature calculated to achieve a PMV value of 0.

[0030] Next, the rotation speed of the fan 7 is determined based on the target temperature calculated as described above. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7, the rotation speed ratio of the fan 7 is controlled based on the temperature difference between the calculated target temperature and the indoor temperature detected by the temperature sensor. The dashed line in FIG. 7 indicates a calculated value, and the rotation speed of the fan 7 is actually controlled according to the solid line in FIG. 7. Therefore, in the example of FIG. 7, the maximum rotation speed ratio of the fan 7 is set to 70%, and the fan 7 is controlled to 70% of the maximum rotation speed ratio when the temperature difference is 2.1 K or more. In addition, the minimum rotation speed ratio of the fan 7 is set to 20%, and the fan 7 is controlled to 20% of the minimum rotation speed ratio when the temperature difference is 0.6 K, the fan 7 is stopped when the temperature difference is less than 0.6 K, and the shutter 8 is closed when the rotation speed ratio of the fan 7 is less than 10%.

[0031] The rotation direction (forward or reverse) of the fan 7 is determined and controlled for each air conditioning control zone Z based on the number of people detected by the infrared array sensor 9 and their position information. For example, in an air conditioning control zone Z in which six floor air vents 6 are arranged, when the presence of a person is detected by the infrared array sensor 9 corresponding to one floor air vent 6 during cooling mode, the fan 7 of the one floor air vent 6 installed at the location where the presence of the person is detected is rotated forward, and the fan 7 of another floor air vent 6 installed adjacent to the short side of the floor air vent 6 is rotated reversely, and the fans 7 of the remaining four floor air vents 6 are stopped. When the presence of a person is detected by the infrared array sensor 9 corresponding to two floor air vents 6 during cooling mode, as shown in FIG. 8, the fans 7 of the two floor air vents 6 installed at the location where the presence of a person is detected are rotated forward, and the fans 7 of the other two floor air vents 6 installed adjacent to them are rotated reversely, and the fans 7 of the remaining two floor air vents 6 are stopped.

[0032] Similarly, when the presence of a person is detected by the infrared array sensors 9 corresponding to three floor air vents 6 during cooling mode, the fans 7 of the three floor air vents 6 installed at the location where the presence of a person is detected are rotated forward, and the fans 7 of the other three floor air vents 6 are rotated reversely. When the presence of a person is detected by the infrared array sensors 9 corresponding to four floor air vents 6 during cooling mode, the fans 7 of the four floor air vents 6 installed at the location where the presence of a person is detected are rotated forward, and the fans 7 of the other two floor air vents 6 are rotated reversely. Furthermore, when the presence of a person is detected by the infrared array sensors 9 corresponding to five floor air vents 6 during cooling mode, the fans 7 of the five floor air vents 6 installed at the location where the presence of a person is detected are rotated forward, and the fan 7 of the other one floor air vent 6 is rotated reversely. Furthermore, when the presence of a person is detected by the infrared array sensors 9 corresponding to all six floor air vents 6 during cooling mode, the fans 7 of all six floor air vents 6 are rotated forward.

[0033] The above-mentioned method of determining and controlling the rotation direction (forward or reverse) of the fan 7 is a method in the cooling mode, and in the heating mode, the forward / reverse rotation direction of the fan 7 is reversed from that in the cooling mode, and the rotation direction of the fan 7 is determined and controlled.

[0034] The rotation speed ratio of the fan 7 can be increased or decreased by inputting declared information on the airflow sensation from a PC, smartphone, or the like by a person in the task area TA. For example, when the declared information is an airflow declared value (0 to 100, with 50 being neutral) as shown in FIG. 9, the rotation speed ratio of the fan 7 may be increased or decreased according to the diagram (0.01×declared value+0.5) shown in FIG. 9. For example, when the declared value is 0, the rotation speed ratio is 0% and the shutter 8 is closed, and when the declared value is 100, the rotation speed ratio may be corrected based on the larger of the rotation speed ratio after the increase / decrease correction or 50%. The increase / decrease correction based on the input of declared information on the airflow sensation may be canceled after a predetermined time (for example, 5 minutes) has elapsed since the person left the seat.

[0035] In this way, the underfloor air conditioning system 12 that conditions the task area TA takes into account seasonal changes, the declarations and personal preferences and choices of the workers, and time changes such as the duration of stay, and determines and controls the ON / OFF of the fans 7, the direction of rotation (forward or reverse), the number of rotations, and the opening and closing of the shutters 8 for each floor air outlet 6. This makes it possible to provide a comfortable environment for the workers in the task area TA.

[0036] In addition, in the floor radiation type air conditioning system 11, heat is radiated not only to the air-conditioned space S above the double floor 2 where the heat load is to be treated, but also below the double floor 2. In particular, when carpets or the like are used as floor finishing materials to suppress noise in the air-conditioned space S for use in an office or the like, the heat insulation effect is enhanced and the amount of heat radiated above the double floor 2 is reduced. Therefore, the fan 7 of the floor air vent 6 is rotated in the reverse direction to send the indoor air in the task area TA below the double floor 2, and the fan 7 of another floor air vent 6 is rotated in the forward direction to blow the air below the double floor 2 into the task area TA above the double floor 2, so that the amount of heat radiated below the double floor 2 can be used to treat the heat load in the task area TA. In addition, since the utilization of heat radiation from under the floor using such a floor air vent 6 becomes a mechanism for circulating air locally to the sensible heat coil, the power required for transporting air can be reduced compared to the conventional case in which air whose temperature has been adjusted by an air conditioner is transported to the underfloor space via a duct and then transported again to the air conditioner via a duct.

[0037] In this way, in order to verify the effect of effectively utilizing underfloor heat radiation, which is one of the features of the air conditioning system 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention, using four floor air vents 6, the flow rate and return temperature of the chilled water pipes 4 installed on the underside of the floor panel 3 were measured and the amount of chilled water heat was calculated and compared when all the fans 7 of the four floor air vents 6 were stopped and when all the fans 7 of the four floor air vents 6 were rotated forward (floor blowing). As a result, as shown in Figure 10, by operating the fans 7, the utilization of the heat radiation to the underfloor was promoted, and it was possible to increase the amount of chilled heat by about two times.

[0038] Furthermore, with the air conditioning system 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention, when an individual inputs their own thermal sensation as hot, cold, etc., using an information terminal such as a personal PC or smartphone, the ON / OFF, rotation direction (forward or reverse), rotation speed, etc. of the fan 7 in the floor air vent 6 are changed in response to the individual's declaration, thereby changing the thermal environment in the room and realizing an environment tailored to the individual's preferences.

[0039] The above description of the embodiment of the present invention describes a preferred embodiment of the air conditioning system 10 according to the present invention, and therefore may include various technically preferable limitations. However, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to these aspects unless there is a specific description limiting the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0040] 2 double floor 5. Floor heating and cooling equipment 6 Floor Air Inlet 7 Fan 9. Infrared array sensor (motion sensor) 10. Air Conditioning System 11 Floor radiant air conditioning system 12 Underfloor air conditioning system

Claims

1. An air conditioning system in an air-conditioned space having a double floor on a floor slab, in which an ambient area is conditioned by a floor radiant air conditioning system and a task area is conditioned by a floor outlet air conditioning system, The floor radiant air conditioning system is equipped with floor heating and cooling equipment that is installed above and below the double floor and is capable of dissipating heat, and the floor blow-out air conditioning system is equipped with a plurality of floor air vents having fans that can rotate forward and backward and whose rotation speed can be controlled, and the fan of the floor air vents is rotated in reverse to send air in the task area below the double floor, and the fan of another floor air vent is rotated in the forward direction to blow air below the double floor into the task area, thereby making it possible to use the heat released below the double floor from the floor radiant air conditioning system for indoor thermal load processing in the task area.

2. 2. The air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein the state of the floor air vent, including the forward / reverse rotation direction and rotation speed of the fan, is controlled based on a target temperature for the task area that is set using a PMV value, position information of people in the task area detected by a human presence sensor, and reported information from the people in the task area regarding their sense of warmth and cold and airflow.

3. The air conditioning system according to claim 2, wherein the fan in an area where the presence of a person is confirmed by the human presence sensor is controlled to rotate in a forward direction, and the fan in an area where the absence of a person is confirmed by the human presence sensor is controlled to rotate in a reverse direction.

4. 3. The air conditioning system according to claim 2, wherein the target temperature of the task area is changed by varying the activity amount, which is one element of the PMV value, based on the accumulated time spent seated, and varying the activity amount immediately after sitting based on the accumulated time spent away from the seat.

5. The air conditioning system according to claim 4 , wherein the value of the amount of activity is increased or decreased based on information reported by the person in the task area regarding a thermal sensation.

6. 3. The air conditioning system according to claim 2, wherein the value of the amount of clothing worn, which is one element of the PMV value, is set to a minimum in summer, a maximum in winter, and is set to a value smaller than that in summer and larger than that in winter in intermediate seasons, and the target temperature of the task area is changed.

7. 3. An air conditioning system according to claim 2, wherein the target temperature of the task area is corrected based on the concept of an adaptive model.

8. The air conditioning system according to claim 2 , wherein the rotational speed of the fan is increased or decreased based on information reported by people in the task area regarding a feeling of airflow.

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