Additive manufacturing apparatus for structural member and method for manufacturing structural member

Abstract

To provide a structural member additive manufacturing apparatus and a structural member manufacturing method which can easily manufacture a structural member such as a concrete member in which a pipe body and a wire material such as a heat exchange pipe and an optical fiber are embedded.SOLUTION: A structural member additive manufacturing apparatus 1 includes: a discharge part 5 for discharging hydraulic mixtures 3; and a feeding part 6 for feeding a pipe body 4 or a wire material to inside or above the hydraulic mixtures 3 discharged from the discharge part 5. A structural member manufacturing method manufactures a structural member 2 in which a pipe body 4 or a wire material is embedded using the structural member additive manufacturing apparatus 1.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an additive manufacturing apparatus for a structural component and a method for manufacturing a structural component. [Background technology]

[0002] In recent years, a method for manufacturing concrete structures or concrete members by discharging a concrete material from a nozzle using an additive manufacturing device has become known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

[0003] Also, a heat pump system is known that can efficiently perform heating and cooling using renewable energy by utilizing geothermal heat. When a heat pump system is adopted in a concrete structure, a heat exchange pipe is buried in the concrete structure. Also, a technology that uses optical fibers buried in the concrete structure is available as a technology for measuring the temperature distribution and strain distribution of the concrete structure. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 4527107 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] When constructing a concrete structure in which heat exchange pipes or optical fibers are embedded, it takes a lot of work to embed the heat exchange pipes or optical fibers in the concrete. In particular, installing the heat exchange pipes or optical fibers in a formwork in which reinforcing bars are arranged is a time-consuming task in order to prevent movement during concrete pouring and ensure the concrete's filling properties. In addition, when manufacturing concrete structures or concrete components using additive manufacturing equipment, it is necessary to install the heat exchange pipes or optical fibers in advance, which is also time-consuming.

[0006] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an additive manufacturing apparatus for structural components and a method for manufacturing structural components that can easily manufacture structural components such as concrete members in which tubular bodies or wires such as heat exchange pipes or optical fibers are embedded. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the additive manufacturing device for a structural component according to the present invention has a discharge section that discharges a hydraulic mixture, and a delivery section that sends out a tube or wire inside or onto the hydraulic mixture discharged from the discharge section.

[0008] In the method for manufacturing a structural member according to the present invention, a structural member in which a tube or wire is embedded is manufactured using the additive manufacturing apparatus for a structural member described above.

[0009] In the present invention, the hydraulic mixture is discharged and the tube or wire is fed using an additive manufacturing device, so that a structural component having an embedded tube or wire can be easily manufactured.

[0010] In addition, in the additive manufacturing apparatus for a structural component according to the present invention, the tube and the wire may have a function of equipment.

[0011] With this configuration, it is possible to easily manufacture structural members in which measuring equipment for measuring, for example, air conditioning and heating equipment, water supply and drainage equipment, temperature distribution, strain distribution, and the like, is embedded.

[0012] In addition, in the additive manufacturing device for a structural component according to the present invention, the feeding section may feed the tube or the wire into the interior of the hydraulic mixture simultaneously with the discharge of the hydraulic mixture by the discharge section.

[0013] With this configuration, the position of the tube or wire can be controlled when the tube or wire is fed from the feed section, and the tube or wire can be positioned in a more accurate position.

[0014] In addition, in the additive manufacturing device for a structural component according to the present invention, the sending-out unit may place the tube or the wire on the hydraulic mixture discharged by the discharge unit, and the discharge unit may further discharge the hydraulic mixture onto the tube or the wire placed on the hydraulic mixture, thereby embedding the tube or the wire in the hydraulic mixture.

[0015] With this configuration, the pipe or wire is sandwiched between the upper and lower hydraulic mixtures, so that the pipe or wire is embedded in the hydraulic mixture. Therefore, it is not necessary to embed the pipe or wire directly inside the hydraulic mixture. Also, the discharge section and the delivery section can be operated separately.

[0016] In addition, the method for manufacturing a structural member according to the present invention includes ejecting a hydraulic mixture using an additive manufacturing device, placing a tube or wire on the hydraulic mixture ejected by the additive manufacturing device, and embedding the tube or wire in the hydraulic mixture.

[0017] With this configuration, a worker can easily manufacture structural components with embedded tubes or wires by burying the tubes or wires only in the necessary locations on the hydraulic mixture discharged by the additive manufacturing device. Effect of the Invention

[0018] According to the present invention, a structural member having a pipe or wire embedded therein can be easily manufactured. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0019] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 illustrates an additive manufacturing apparatus for a structural component according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 illustrates an additive manufacturing apparatus for a structural component according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 3] 11A to 11C are diagrams showing a process for embedding a pipe or wire in a laminate in a modified example of the manufacturing method for a structural member according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4]FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. [Diagram 5] 1A to 1C are diagrams showing a process for repairing the surface of a laminate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0020] (First embodiment) Hereinafter, an additive manufacturing apparatus for a structural member and a manufacturing method for a structural member according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, the additive manufacturing apparatus 1 for a structural member and the manufacturing method for a structural member according to the first embodiment are an additive apparatus and a manufacturing method for a structural member 2 in which a tube 4 and a wire are embedded inside a hydraulic mixture 3. The hydraulic mixture 3 is, for example, concrete, and becomes a concrete member (structural member 2) when hardened. The tube 4 and the wire are, for example, a heat exchange pipe, a hollow tube, an optical fiber, etc. The tube 4 and the wire are, for example, a refrigerant pipe, a sensor, or other member having an equipment function. The structural member 2 in which such a tube 4 and wire are embedded has an equipment function. In the following, a case in which the structural member 2 is manufactured by embedding the tube 4 inside the hydraulic mixture 3 will be described. The additive manufacturing apparatus for a structural member and the manufacturing method for a structural member in which a wire is embedded inside the hydraulic mixture 3 to manufacture the structural member 2 are similar in form to the additive manufacturing apparatus for a structural member and the manufacturing method for a structural member in which a tube 4 is embedded inside the hydraulic mixture 3 to manufacture the structural member 2.

[0021] The additive manufacturing apparatus 1 for structural components in this embodiment has a discharge unit 5 that discharges hydraulic mixture 3, a feed unit 6 that sends out a tube 4 or wire into or onto the hydraulic mixture 3 discharged from the discharge unit 5, a movement mechanism (not shown) that moves the discharge unit 5 and the feed unit 6, and a control unit (not shown) that controls these.

[0022] The discharge unit 5 has a nozzle 51 that discharges the hydraulic mixture 3, and a hydraulic mixture supply unit 52 that supplies the hydraulic mixture 3 to the nozzle 51. The hydraulic mixture supply unit 52 may be configured to supply an already manufactured hydraulic mixture to the nozzle 51, or may be configured to manufacture the hydraulic mixture 3 and supply it to the nozzle 51. The hydraulic mixture 3 discharged from the nozzle 51 may be formed into the shape of the structural member 2 by being layered, or may be formed into the shape of the structural member 2 by being sprayed.

[0023] The delivery unit 6 is configured to deliver the rolled tube 4 into or onto the hydraulic mixture 3 discharged by the nozzle 51. In this embodiment, the delivery unit 6 is configured to deliver the tube 4 into the hydraulic mixture 3 discharged by the nozzle 51 at the same time. This allows the tube 4 to be embedded in the hydraulic mixture 3. Note that, when the tube 4 is disposed over the entire structural member 2, the delivery unit 6 is configured to deliver the tube 4 over the entire structural member 2, and when the tube 4 is disposed partially over the structural member 2, the delivery unit 6 is configured to deliver the tube 4 only in the region where the tube 4 is disposed.

[0024] The operation of the additive manufacturing apparatus 1 for a structural member according to the first embodiment (the manufacturing method for a structural member) will be described. First, the hydraulic mixture 3 is supplied from the hydraulic mixture supply unit 52 to the nozzle 51, and the hydraulic mixture 3 is discharged from the nozzle 51. The tube 4 is delivered by the delivery unit 6 into the hydraulic mixture 3 discharged from the nozzle 51. The position of the tube 4 delivered by the nozzle 51 and the delivery unit 6 is controlled according to the shape of the hydraulic mixture 3 and the arrangement of the tube 4. In this manner, the structural member 2 in which the tube 4 is embedded in the hydraulic mixture 3 is manufactured.

[0025] The operation and effects of the additive manufacturing apparatus 1 for a structural member and the manufacturing method for a structural member according to the first embodiment will be described. In the additive manufacturing apparatus 1 for a structural member and the manufacturing method for a structural member according to the above-mentioned first embodiment, the hydraulic mixture 3 is ejected and the tube body 4 or wire is fed out by the additive manufacturing apparatus, so that a structural member 2 in which the tube body 4 or wire is embedded can be easily manufactured.

[0026] Furthermore, in the additive manufacturing device 1 for a structural component according to the first embodiment, the delivery unit 6 delivers the tube 4 into the hydraulic mixture 3 at the same time as the hydraulic mixture 3 is discharged by the discharge unit 5. This makes it possible to control the positions of the tube 4 and wire when the delivery unit 6 delivers them, allowing the tube 4 and wire to be positioned in more accurate positions.

[0027] Furthermore, in the additive manufacturing system 1 for a structural member according to the first embodiment, the pipe 4 has an equipment function, which makes it possible to easily manufacture a structural member 2 in which, for example, heating and cooling equipment, water supply and drainage equipment, and measuring equipment for measuring temperature distribution, strain distribution, and the like are embedded.

[0028] For example, when the pipe body 4 is a hollow pipe made of metal, rubber, synthetic resin, or the like, and the hydraulic mixture 3 is concrete, a space formed by the hollow pipe is provided in the manufactured concrete member (structural member 2). By using the hollow pipe as a heat exchange pipe and circulating the medium of a heat pump system inside, the concrete member with a large heat capacity can be used for thermal storage in the building structure. In addition, by providing a hollow pipe that serves as a heat exchange pipe inside (especially near the outer surface) of the structural member 2 that serves as a pile or diaphragm wall, the geothermal heat of the ground in contact with the pile or diaphragm wall can be effectively used as a heat exchange target.

[0029] Furthermore, if an injection hose such as the "FUKO Hose" (product name), which is used as a hollow tube to fill the injection material, is buried in the structural member 2, when cracks occur in the structural member 2 during use, repair mortar can be injected into the cracks through the injection hose, making repairs easy. The Fuko hose has a scaly surface that opens when the internal pressure is high during injection, allowing the repair mortar to infiltrate the hose from the inside, and closes when the internal pressure drops. It has the characteristic that it can be reused many times by cleaning the inside of the hose after injection. For example, it can be used by leaving it hollow at all times, and when a crack occurs, repair mortar can be injected to repair it, and after the repair, the inside can be cleaned and returned to its hollow state.

[0030] Furthermore, if the wire sent out from the sending section 6 is an optical fiber and is continuously embedded, it becomes possible to monitor temperature and strain during curing when manufacturing the structural member 2, and during earthquakes when the structural member 2 is in service. Optical fibers, even those made of ordinary quartz glass, have a tensile breaking strain of 1% or more, and plastic optical fibers have a tensile breaking strain of several percent or more. Therefore, by utilizing this characteristic and applying optical fibers, it is possible to contribute to the tensile reinforcement of the structural member 2.

[0031] Second embodiment Next, a second embodiment will be described based on the attached drawings. The same or similar members and parts as those in the first embodiment described above will be designated by the same reference numerals, and their description will be omitted. Only configurations different from the first embodiment will be described. 2, in the additive manufacturing apparatus 1B for a structural member according to the second embodiment, the delivery unit 6B is configured to deliver the tube 4 onto the hydraulic mixture 3 already delivered from the delivery unit 5B. Then, by further delivering hydraulic mixture 3 from the delivery unit 5B onto the tube 4 delivered onto the hydraulic mixture 3, the tube 4 is sandwiched between the hydraulic mixtures 3 above and below, and the tube 4 is embedded inside the hydraulic mixture 3.

[0032] The operation of the additive manufacturing apparatus 1B for a structural member according to the second embodiment (the manufacturing method for a structural member) will be described. First, the hydraulic mixture 3 is supplied from the hydraulic mixture supply unit 52 of the discharge unit 5B to the nozzle 51, and the hardening mixture is discharged from the nozzle 51. Next, the pipe body 4 is delivered by the delivery unit 6B and placed on top of the hydraulic mixture 3 discharged from the nozzle 51. Next, the hydraulic mixture 3 is delivered from the nozzle 51 onto the pipe body 4 placed on the hydraulic mixture 3, and the pipe body 4 is sandwiched and embedded between the hydraulic mixture 3 above and below the pipe body 4. At this time, the position of the pipe body 4 delivered by the nozzle 51 and the delivery unit 6B is controlled according to the shape of the hydraulic mixture 3 and the arrangement of the pipe body 4.

[0033] The additive manufacturing apparatus 1B for a structural member and the manufacturing method for a structural member according to the second embodiment provide the same effects as those of the first embodiment. Furthermore, in the additive manufacturing apparatus 1B for a structural member and the manufacturing method for a structural member according to the second embodiment, the tube 4 or wire is embedded in the hydraulic mixture 3 by sandwiching the tube 4 between the upper and lower hydraulic mixtures 3, so there is no need to embed the tube 4 or wire directly inside the hydraulic mixture 3, and the discharge section 5B and the feed section 6B can be operated separately.

[0034] The above describes the embodiments of the additive manufacturing apparatus for structural components and the manufacturing method for structural components according to the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and can be modified as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, in the above embodiment, the delivery parts 6, 6B deliver the tube 4 or wire into the hydraulic mixture 3 discharged from the discharge parts 5, 5B, or sandwich the tube 4 or wire between the hydraulic mixture 3 discharged above and below, thereby embedding the tube 4 or wire into the hydraulic mixture 3. In contrast, the delivery part may place the tube 4 or wire on the hydraulic mixture 3 discharged by the discharge part, and lower the tube 4 or wire into the hydraulic mixture 3, thereby embedding the tube 4 or wire in the hydraulic mixture 3.

[0035] In the above embodiment, the pipes 4 and wires are placed along (parallel to) the discharge direction of the hydraulic mixture 3, but the pipes 4 and wires may be pressed into the outer surface of the hydraulic mixture 3 before the discharged hydraulic mixture 3 hardens and embedded. By doing so, the position of the pipes 4 and wires is not restricted by the discharged (laminated) interface of the hydraulic mixture 3, and the pipes 4 and wires can be placed in any direction, such as a direction perpendicular to the discharge direction of the hydraulic mixture 3 (perpendicular to the lamination direction). If a hardening material or the like is sprayed onto the hydraulic mixture 3 from the outside after the pipes 4 and wires are pressed in, the risk of cross-sectional defects is reduced, and further, the surface of the hydraulic mixture 3 can be finished with a trowel to remove the pressed-in marks and make it smooth.

[0036] In addition, in the above embodiment, the additive manufacturing apparatus 1, 1B for the structural component ejects the hydraulic mixture 3 and sends out the tube 4 or wire, but it is also possible to eject the hydraulic mixture 3 from the additive manufacturing apparatus and have an operator bury the tube 4 or wire. 3 and 4, an operator may push a tube 4 or wire into a laminate 31 of hydraulic mixtures 3 formed by discharging the hydraulic mixture 3 using an additive manufacturing device from a surface 32, and bury the tube 4 or wire in the laminate 31. As shown in FIG. 5, an additive manufacturing device 1C may discharge the hydraulic mixture 3 onto the surface 32 of the laminate 31 of hydraulic mixtures 3 in which the tube 4 or wire is buried, to repair the laminate. As shown in FIG. 3 to FIG. 5, the tube 4 or wire may be oblique to the direction in which the hydraulic mixture 3 is discharged, instead of being parallel to the direction in which the hydraulic mixture 3 is discharged. The tube 4 or wire may not extend in a straight line, but may be bent or curved.

[0037] In the above embodiment, the hydraulic mixture 3 is concrete, but the hydraulic mixture 3 may be a mixture containing various cement-based materials (e.g., cement paste, mortar, etc.), geopolymer compositions, etc. other than concrete. [Explanation of symbols]

[0038] 1,1B,1C Additive Manufacturing Equipment 2 Structural members 3 Hydraulic mixture 4 tube body 5,5B Discharge section 6,6B send out the part

Claims

1. A discharge unit that discharges a hydraulic mixture; A delivery section that delivers a pipe into or onto the hydraulic mixture discharged from the delivery section, The pipe has a function of equipment, An additive manufacturing apparatus for a structural component, wherein the tube is a hollow tube that functions as a heat exchange pipe.

2. A discharge unit that discharges a hydraulic mixture; A delivery section that delivers a pipe into or onto the hydraulic mixture discharged from the delivery section, The pipe has a function of equipment, The additive manufacturing device for a structural component, wherein the tube is an injection hose that can inject repair mortar into the structural component by penetration.

3. The additive manufacturing apparatus for a structural member according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the delivery unit delivers the tube into the interior of the hydraulic mixture simultaneously with the delivery unit discharging the hydraulic mixture.

4. The delivery unit places the pipe on the hydraulic mixture discharged by the discharge unit, The additive manufacturing device for a structural member according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the discharge section further discharges the hydraulic mixture onto the tube placed on the hydraulic mixture, thereby embedding the tube in the hydraulic mixture.

5. A method for manufacturing a structural member, which manufactures a structural member having an embedded tube, using the additive manufacturing apparatus for a structural member according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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