Apparatus and method for scraping off gaps between drill helical blades

Abstract

To provide a device and method in which a high level of operational safety is achieved.SOLUTION: The device comprises: a base carriage mounted variably along a mast of a drilling device; a scraping element configured to engage within an inter-blade gap of a drilling tool and capable of scraping off a soil material adhering to the drilling tool as the drilling tool rotates; and a support arm holding the scraping element, and mounted to be movable relative to the base carriage between a retracted position in which the scraping element is spatially separated from the drilling tool and a scraping position in which the scraping element engages within the inter-blade gap and the soil material is reamed. The support arm is mounted to rotate between the retracted position and the scraping position around a rotation axis extending substantially parallel to a drilling longitudinal axis of the drilling tool, is additionally mounted on the base carriage along a direction parallel to the drilling longitudinal axis of the drilling tool to deflect it from a basic position, and is elastically held in the basic position by a biasing spring.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a device for scraping the inter-blade gaps of drill helix blades of a drilling tool, comprising a base carriage which can be displaceably mounted along the mast of the drilling tool, a scraping element configured to engage in the inter-blade gap of the drilling tool and capable of scraping off soil material adhering to the drilling tool when the drilling tool rotates, and a support arm which holds the scraping element and is mounted so as to be movable relative to the base carriage between a retracted position in which the scraping element is spatially separated from the drilling tool and a scraping position in which the scraping element engages in the inter-blade gap and the soil material is scraped off.

[0002] The invention further relates to a method for scraping off adhering soil material from the gap between the blades of drill helices of a drilling tool, in particular a Kelly auger, which is described in claim 1. 15 The present invention relates to a method according to the above preamble. [Background technology]

[0003] A typical scraping device originates, for example, from the patent document 1. This device is specifically designed for scraping drilling tools with relatively short drilling helices, in particular drilling tools called Kelly augers. This device comprises a plate-like scraping element on a support arm, which can be rotated about an essentially horizontal pivot axis between a retracted position, in which the support arm is essentially vertically oriented, and a scraping position, in which the support arm extends approximately horizontally. When the scraping element is engaged with the drill helices, the drill helices must be separated from the scraping element by pivoting and axial displacement.

[0004] If the scraping element is not correctly pivoted to the retracted position during the vertical displacement of the drilling tool along the mast of the drilling device, damage to the scraping device may occur. Axial shifts of drilling tools with short augers of several meters, especially along the mast of drilling devices used to create earth boreholes for foundation piles, occur relatively frequently due to the operating conditions. The potential damage risk to this scraping device is correspondingly large.

[0005] Patent document 2 discloses a device for scraping off drill helices on so-called continuous flight augers. The scraping device can be moved along a mast via a carriage. Since the drill helices are long in continuous flight augers, the scraping element is almost always engaged with the drill helices, and thus the risk of damage to the scraping element when it is rotated in and out is correspondingly smaller. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] DE 3446900 A1 [Patent Document 2] European Patent Application Publication No. 3951128 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] The object underlying the present invention is to provide an apparatus and a method for scraping off the inter-flight gaps of drill helical flights, in which an exceptionally high level of operational safety is achieved. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] This object is achieved on the one hand by a device having the features of claim 1 and on the other hand by a device according to claim 1. 15This is achieved by a method having the following characteristics: Preferred embodiments of the invention are set out in the dependent claims.

[0009] The scraping device according to the present invention is characterized in that the support arm is mounted so as to be rotatable between a retreated position and a scraping position around a rotation axis having a direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the drilling tool, and the support arm is moved from the basic position Along a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the drilling tool It can be biased Ube The support arm is attached to the base carriage and is elastically held in its basic position by a biasing spring.

[0010] The basic idea of ​​the invention is to mount the support arm so that it can be pivoted or deflected in several directions. Preferably, a resilient mounting is used to achieve the pivoting out and deflection. In this way, the support arm can be initially pivoted between a retracted position and a scraping position around a pivot axis oriented approximately parallel to the longitudinal axis of the drilling. This allows the support arm to be pivoted laterally in and out of the drilling helix. Compared to a vertical pivoting out, the pivoting movement can therefore be performed without further ado, even when the scraping element is already engaged in the drilling helix.

[0011] The vertical deflectability of the support arm also makes it possible to counteract undesirable bending and damage to the scraping device or the drill blade. In fact, the support arm with the scraping element has an additional movement clearance so that unintended axial movements of the drilling tool can be compensated for. With this purpose in mind, the support arm is elastically held in a basic position, inter alia, by a biasing spring.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a base member and an actuator are provided with a support arm, the actuator being displaceably and adjustably held on the base member, the support arm being mounted on the base carriage so that it can be pivoted about a pivot axis. The actuator of the support arm can be regarded as a virtual support arm, at its free end of which a scraping element, preferably in the form of a plate, is attached. A rod-shaped actuator can be mounted telescopically in the base member, or the rod-shaped actuator can be configured separately from the support arm or as part of the support arm. In particular, the base member is configured tubular, so that the rod-shaped actuator is held in the tubular base member so that it can be linearly displaced and can be length-adjusted. By elastic mounting, the actuator can also in principle be held in the base member in such a way that it can be elastically linearly adjusted.

[0013] In principle, the support arm can also be pivoted manually. According to a further development of the invention, it is particularly useful that the support arm can be adjusted between the retracted and cleaning positions by means of an actuating element, in particular a hydraulic cylinder, and the adjustment movement can then be carried out by the machine operator, in particular from the cabin of the corresponding drilling tool.

[0014] It may then be particularly advantageous to arrange the actuating element on a base carriage and connect it to the support arm via a lever mechanism, by means of which the desired transmission and movement can be achieved, in particular by means of sufficient articulation and sufficient deflection capability of the support arm relative to the actuating element.

[0015] The lever mechanism can be constructed in principle in any way suitable for carrying out its adjustment function. In a preferred embodiment, the lever mechanism comprises a guide lever, which is articulated on the one hand to the base carriage and on the other hand to the piston of the actuating element, and a coupling lever, which is articulated on the one hand to the piston and / or the guide lever and on the other hand to its support arm via a coupling joint. This lever mechanism allows, on the one hand, a good conversion of the (linear) actuating movement of the actuating element into a pivoting movement. By articulating the coupling lever to the support arm via a coupling joint, on the one hand, a good transmission of the pivoting movement and, on the other hand, a sufficient deflection function of the support arm, in particular in the direction of the drilling longitudinal axis, can be achieved.

[0016] The connecting joint can be, for example, a Cardan joint, a ball joint or other multi-axis joint. In a further development of the invention, it is particularly advantageous if the connecting joint between the support arm and the connecting lever is provided with a joint pin, which is mounted so as to be linearly displaceable in an elongated hole on the support arm. In this case, the elongated hole can be formed in particular parallel to the longitudinal axis of the support arm. This results in a longitudinally displaceable articulation of the connecting lever to the support arm.

[0017] According to a further variant of the invention, it is particularly advantageous for the joint pin to be elastically mounted in the elongated hole, which can be achieved by means of elastic elements, for example rubber elements or in particular one or several springs, in which case at least one spring can be arranged in the elongated hole.

[0018] In principle, the support arm can be constructed in one or several parts. In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the actuator of the support arm is mounted on the base element so that it can be pivoted about a deflection axis extending transversely to the longitudinal drilling axis. The actuator of the support arm is thus mounted so that it can be pivoted about a deflection axis extending transversely, in particular horizontally. This allows the support arm and the scraping element arranged on the support arm to follow the axial movement of the drilling tool to a certain extent, without causing unnecessary deformations or damage to the scraping device or to the drill helix.

[0019] In a further embodiment of the invention, a biasing spring is preferably disposed between the base member and the actuator of the support arm, such that a pivotable base member can be provided, while the biasing function for the base member is still achieved by the actuator and the corresponding joint and biasing spring.

[0020] The base carriage of the scraping device is in particular mounted so as to be longitudinally displaceable, in particular vertically displaceable, along the mast of the drilling device. The base carriage may be movable in any suitable manner, in particular connected to the drilling drive. In particular, in a further development of the invention, advantageously the base carriage, which is held by at least one chain, has at least one tubular chain receiving tube, which extends to the base carriage and opens towards the top. The base carriage can thus be attached to at least one chain, preferably at least two spaced apart chains, and connected, for example, to the drill drive carriage. The base carriage can be moved downwards to reach a stop area at the bottom of the mast, from where the drill drive carriage can be moved further to efficiently receive, for example, the chain being folded up in the tubular chain receiving tube. Depending on the number of chains, an equal number of chain receiving tubes are provided. The chains can be properly received and mounted in these receiving tubes.

[0021] Furthermore, it is advantageous if fastening elements for fastening the chain are arranged in the lower region of the chain receiving tube, in particular a releasable fastening can be provided.

[0022] In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, at least one mounting leg is mounted on the base carriage, preferably in a resilient manner so as to be displaceable along the vertical direction, by means of which a certain damping can be achieved when the base carriage is placed on the parking area or on the floor.

[0023] According to a further embodiment of the invention, it is particularly expedient for the resiliently mounted mounting legs to be connected to the fastening elements in the chain receiving tubes. In general, this allows a shock- or spring-mounted suspension of the chain to be achieved.

[0024] Furthermore, in the drilling machine according to the present invention, a mast is arranged on the carrier unit, a drilling tool, particularly a Kelly auger, equipped with a drill helix is ​​rotated by a rotary drilling drive mounted on the mast, and the scraping device according to the present invention is arranged on the mast. Such a drilling machine is also called an earth auger machine and is used particularly for drilling holes in the ground for foundation piles. By using the scraping device in combination with this, the above-mentioned advantages can be achieved. In particular, the scraping of the Kelly auger, which usually has a length of 2 to 6 meters, becomes efficient, so that the adhering soil material can be removed reliably and efficiently.

[0025] Furthermore, in the method according to the invention, the adhering soil material in the gap between the blades of the drilling tool, especially the Kelly auger, is scraped off, and the device according to the invention is used for the scraping off. In particular, in discontinuous drilling with a Kelly auger, the Kelly auger is repeatedly withdrawn from the borehole to empty the auger, and then lowered back into the borehole after the subsequent scraping off, so that the scraping off of the drill blades with the device according to the invention can be used to achieve efficient auger emptying. In other words, the above-mentioned advantages can be achieved by this method.

[0026] The invention allows for an efficient scraping of the drilling auger, so that the hitherto usual free swinging of the auger can be completely or largely eliminated, during which the metal parts collide with each other, which is accompanied by a corresponding acoustic emission, and therefore the noise generated at the construction site is significantly reduced by the invention.

[0027] The invention will be further described below with reference to preferred exemplary embodiments which are illustrated diagrammatically in the drawings, in which: [Brief description of the drawings]

[0028] [Figure 1] 1 is a perspective view of a drilling device having a scraping device according to the present invention; [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the lower part of the drilling device of FIG. 1. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective detailed view of the scraping device of the present invention with the Kelly auger engaged; [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a side view illustrating FIG. [Diagram 5] FIG. 5 is a side view of the scraping device of FIG. 4 in a deflected position. [Figure 6] 3 shows another schematic detail view from above of the device according to the invention, when the scraping element is in the retracted position; FIG. [Figure 7] FIG. 2 is a detailed perspective view of a lever mechanism on a scraping device according to the present invention; [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is another detailed view of the lever mechanism according to FIG. [Figure 9] FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of two chain receiving tubes on a scraping device according to the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0029] The invention will be described below with reference to a drilling device 10, which is shown diagrammatically in Figures 1 and 2. The drilling device 10 comprises a carrier unit 12, which in the illustrated embodiment is configured to be movable together with a lower carriage 13 formed by a crawler chassis and together with an upper carriage 14 rotatably mounted on the lower carriage 13. A mast 16 extends essentially vertically in operation and is mounted on the carrier unit 12 so that it can be angled relative to the vertical by the action of an articulation mechanism 15. The mast 16 is configured as a so-called leader, on which a drive carriage 17 is displaceably guided together with a rotary drilling drive 18 along a front linear guide. To displace the drive carriage 17, a feed drive, not shown in more detail, is provided, which can be formed by a feed winch or by a linear actuating cylinder.

[0030] The annular drive element of the rotary drilling drive 18 can also be called a power rotary head or drill table, through which passes a Kelly bar 8, which is shown diagrammatically and has an external drive bar (not shown). The Kelly bar 8 can be of telescopic design and is suspended from a mast 16 in a vertically adjustable manner by means of a cable. The drilling tool 2 is attached to the lower end of the Kelly bar 8, which in the illustrated embodiment is configured as a so-called Kelly auger, so as to rotate together therewith. The drilling device 10 according to the invention is used for drilling boreholes in the earth, in particular for drilling foundation piles in the earth.

[0031] In order to scrape off the drilling tool 2 of adhering earthen material, according to the invention a device 20 for scraping is arranged on the mast 16 facing the drilling tool 2 .

[0032] The scraping device 20 according to the invention is described in detail below in relation to Figures 3 and 4. The device 20 comprises a base carriage 22, which can be guided linearly displaceable on the same guides of the mast 16 as the drive carriage 17. The base carriage 22 comprises two sleeve-shaped chain receiving tubes 24, inside which an upwardly extending chain 25 is fastened. By means of the chains 25, which are only partially shown in Figures 3 and 4, the base carriage 22 is connected and suspended from the drive slide 17, which is not shown in Figures 3 and 4 but is located above it. At the bottom of the base carriage 22, the chain receiving tube 24 can be terminated by a plate-shaped mounting leg 26.

[0033] A support arm 30 is disposed on the front side of the base carriage 22, and a rod-shaped actuator 34 attached thereto is adjustably mounted on the base member 32. The base member 32 is mounted on the base carriage 22 so as to be rotatable about a pivot axis 28, which extends parallel to the longitudinal axis of the drilling tool 2, i.e., the drilling axis.

[0034] The actuator 34 of the support arm 30 is mounted so as to be deflectable along an approximately vertical direction by the action of a deflection axis 38 which is transverse to the drilling axis, in particular perpendicular to the drilling axis. At the free end of the support arm 30 a scraping element 50 is attached, i.e. an element which is adapted to engage in the inter-flight gap 6 of the drilling helix 4 of the drilling tool 2. The drilling helix 4 extends over several revolutions along the tubular drilling shaft 3. At the lower end of the drilling shaft 3 a pilot tip 1 is arranged. At the lower end of the drilling helix 4 a removal tooth 5 for removing earth material is arranged in a manner known per se.

[0035] Via a square end connection 7 at the upper end of the drill shank 3, the drilling tool 2 can be detachably connected to the aforementioned Kelly bar 8, not shown in Figures 3 to 5, for rotation therewith. The deflection function of the scraping element 50 on the support arm 30 is clearly shown in Figure 5. By deflecting the actuator 34 of the support arm 30 about a deflection axis 38, during the axial displacement of the drilling tool 2 along the drilling axis, this actuator 34 can to a certain extent follow the vertical movement of the drilling tool 2.

[0036] The actuator 34 of the support arm 30 is held in a substantially horizontal basic position by a biasing spring 40 on the underside of the support arm 30. Thus, when the drilling tool 2 is moved downwards, the biasing spring 40 is compressed, thereby deflecting it downwards about the deflection axis 38, so that the support arm 30 can to some extent follow the vertical movement. In a corresponding manner, the support arm 30 can to some extent follow the upward vertical movement of the drilling tool 2, in which case the actuator 34 is rotated upwards about the deflection axis 38 and the biasing spring 40 is extended.

[0037] 3 to 5, the support arm 30 having a scraping element 50 at its free end is shown in the scraping position, with the scraping element 50 engaging in the inter-blade gap 6 of the drill helix 4 of the drilling tool 2. The support arm 30 can be pivoted radially outward from the scraping position relative to the drilling tool 2 about a pivot axis 28 to a retracted position, shown diagrammatically in FIG. 6. It is about the pivot axis 28 that the support arm 30 pivots together with the base member 32 and the actuator 34, and the base member 32 is pivotably mounted on the base carriage 22 by the pivot axis 28.

[0038] In the depiction of Figure 6 it is further possible to see that there are guide rollers 23 on the base carriage 22 of the device 20, by means of which the base carriage 22 is displaceably guided on the guide bar of the mast 16 of the drilling device 10.

[0039] A lever mechanism 60 and an actuating element 42 in the form of an actuating cylinder are provided, by means of which the support arm 30 can be rotated between the scraping position and the retracted position, which will be described in detail in connection with Figs. 7 and 8. An actuating cylinder extending substantially horizontally is arranged in articulated form as the actuating element 42 at the front side of the base carriage 22. A piston 43 which can be extended from the actuating cylinder, in particular a hydraulic cylinder, is articulated to a guide lever 62, which is pivotally mounted to the base carriage 22 via a joint pin 64. A connecting lever 66 is articulated to the connection point between the guide lever 62 and the piston 43 via a link pin 68. At the other end of the connecting lever 66, the connecting lever 66 is pivotally and displaceably mounted along the longitudinal axis of the support arm 30 by the action of a connecting joint 70 with a joint pin 72 in an elongated hole 74. The joint pin 72 may be biased within the elongated hole 74 by a tension spring 76 having a guide pin 78. The tension spring 76 holds the joint pin 72 in place, but allows some movement of the joint pin 72 when resistance is encountered during operation of the support arm 30 and the spring tension is overcome, thus protecting the assembly from damage.

[0040] When the piston 43 extends from the actuating cylinder 42, the support arm 30 together with the base member 32 and the actuator 34 are forced to a retracted position and spaced apart from the drilling tool 2. When the piston 43 is retracted into its actuating cylinder, the support arm 30 is rotated inwardly along a substantially horizontal direction by the lever mechanism 60 from the position shown in Figure 8 into the inter-blade gap 6 of the drilling tool 2 to the scraping position shown in Figures 3 to 5.

[0041] During axial displacement of the drilling tool 2 along the drilling axis, the support arm 30 can be deflected about the deflection axis 38, so that damage can be avoided even if some unintended axial movement occurs while the scraping element 50 is still rotating.

[0042] 9, a schematic cross-sectional view, shows in detail the arrangement and suspension of the base carriage 22 by the action of two side chains 25. The chains 25 each extend through a sleeve-shaped chain housing tube 24 to a lower fastening member 82 of a fastening device 80 at the lower end of the corresponding chain housing tube 24. The fastening member 82 is mounted on the base carriage 22 so as to be displaceable along the vertical direction. The action of a side damping spring 84 allows the fastening member 82 to be mounted for each chain 25 so as to be elastically and linearly displaceable.

[0043] By moving the drive carriage 17 and the base carriage 22 of the device for scraping 20 towards each other, the chain links of the chain 25 in the sleeve-like chain receiving tube 24 can be folded or pressed together. When the drive carriage 17 is moved quickly upwards, a vertical impact on the base carriage 22 and thus the support arm 30 can be avoided or damped, which also serves to protect the scraping element 50 and the drilling tool 2, assuming that the scraping element 50 is in the scraping position. Damping is also achieved when the base carriage 22 impacts the ground. This can happen, for example, when the drive carriage 17 is relatively close to the ground and the support arm 30 has pivoted out of the helical blade of the drilling tool 2. The base carriage 22 then descends a certain distance downwards and hits the ground.

Claims

1. 1. A device for scraping off a gap between drill helical blades of a drilling tool, comprising: a base carriage which can be displaceably mounted along the mast of the drilling machine; a scraping element configured to engage within the inter-blade gap of the drilling tool, the scraping element being capable of scraping off soil material adhering to the drilling tool as the drilling tool rotates; a support arm that holds the scraping element, the support arm being mounted for movement relative to the base carriage between a retracted position in which the scraping element is spaced apart from the drilling tool and a scraping position in which the scraping element engages within the inter-blade gap to scrape off earth material; Equipped with The support arm is mounted so as to be pivotable between the retracted position and the scraping position about a pivot axis that is substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of the drilling tool; the support arm is additionally mounted on the base carriage so that it can be deflected from a basic position along a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the drilling; and The support arm is held in the basic position by a resilient biasing force of at least one biasing device; The base carriage supported by at least one chain includes at least one tubular chain receiving tube extending along the base carriage and opening upward. Device.

2. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, A base member and an actuator are provided on the support arm, the actuator is displaceably and adjustably held on the base member, and the support arm is mounted on the base carriage so as to be rotatable around the rotation axis. Device.

3. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, The support arm may be adjusted between the retracted position and the scraping position by an actuating element. Device.

4. 4. The apparatus of claim 3, the actuating element being a hydraulic cylinder; Device.

5. 4. The apparatus of claim 3, the actuating element is disposed on the base carriage and is coupled to the support arm via a lever mechanism; Device.

6. 6. The apparatus of claim 5, the lever mechanism comprises a guide lever articulated to the base carriage on the one hand and to a piston of the actuating element on the other hand, and a coupling lever articulated to the piston and / or the guide lever on the one hand and to the support arm via a coupling joint on the other hand. Device.

7. 7. The apparatus of claim 6, the coupling joint between the support arm and the coupling lever comprises a joint pin linearly displaceably mounted in an elongated hole on the support arm; Device.

8. 8. The apparatus of claim 7, The joint pin is elastically mounted in the elongated hole. Device.

9. 3. The apparatus of claim 2, The actuator of the support arm is mounted to the base member so as to be pivotable about a deflection axis aligned transverse to the longitudinal axis of the drilling. Device.

10. 3. The apparatus of claim 2, A biasing spring is disposed on the support arm between the base member and the actuator.

11. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, A fastening member for fastening the chain is disposed in a lower region of the chain receiving tube. Device.

12. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, At least one fastening member is mounted on the base carriage in an elastic manner so as to be displaceable along a vertical direction. Device.

13. A drilling device comprising a carrier unit and a mast disposed on the carrier unit, the rotary drilling drive device being mounted on the mast for rotating a drilling tool having a drill helical blade, 10. A drilling machine comprising a device for scraping off soil material according to claim 1 mounted on said mast.

14. 14. A drilling device according to claim 13, the drilling tool is a Kelly auger; Drilling equipment.

15. 1. A method for scraping adhering earth material from inter-blade gaps of drill helical blades of a drilling tool, comprising the steps of:

2. Use of the device according to claim 1 for scraping.

16. 16. The method of claim 15, the drilling tool is a Kelly auger; method.

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