An attachment device having a door made of stone material and an attachment portion for attaching to the door
The attachment device for stone doors addresses workability and durability issues by using stone materials for all components, ensuring secure and long-lasting attachment without misalignment or peeling problems.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- JP2023520982
- Authority / Receiving Office
- JP · JP
- Patent Type
- Patents
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2021-05-12
- Filing Date
- 2022-04-28
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-05
- Estimated Expiration
- 2042-04-28
AI Technical Summary
Existing attachment devices for stone doors face challenges in workability due to misalignment issues and the difficulty of securely fixing metal hinges to stone surfaces, which can lead to long-term reliability problems.
The proposed attachment device features a stone door with a protruding portion that engages with an attachment portion, using stone materials for all components, including a fixing member, support member, and hinge member, to ensure secure and durable attachment.
This solution enhances workability by eliminating misalignment issues and provides a durable attachment that withstands long-term use without the risk of the metal hinge peeling off from the stone door.
Smart Images

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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to an attachment device having a door made of stone materials and an attachment portion for attaching to the door.
Background Art
[0002] Conventionally, there has been an outer fence, which is a stone structure arranged surrounding a tombstone, provided with an internal space for storing articles used for tomb visits. Incense sticks, candles, etc. necessary for tomb visits could be stored in this internal space. However, problems such as the entry of dust and dirt or the formation of a beehive in the internal space occurred, thus compelling the need to prevent this.
[0003] Therefore, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2018-62795, an invention is disclosed that takes the means of "having a space provided in a cemetery facility for arranging a lighting fixture, a closing surface surrounding the space for arranging the lighting fixture in the space, an opening / closing means formed on the closing surface, a lighting port formed restrictively on the opening / closing means for igniting the lighting fixture, and an opening / closing member for opening and closing the lighting port".
[0004] This is an invention made by the inventor of the present application. As disclosed in paragraph "0030" and FIG. 6 in the above publication, "it has a frame 34 fixed to the opening of the space 21 and a space opening / closing body 35 for opening and closing the space 21. The space opening / closing body 35 is formed in a plate shape of a size that fits into the frame 34 and is provided so as to rotate about a hinge shaft 39a pivotally supported by the frame 34, and has a bearing portion 39b of the hinge shaft 39a on one side. The hinge shaft 39a is attached to a bearing 39c and constitutes a hinge portion 39 together with the bearing portion 39b."
[0005] However, if the clearance between the hinge shaft 39a and the bearing portion 39b is too large, the hinge shaft 39a, which is the rotation axis thereof, and the bearing portion 39b may not be in a straight line, so that the vacant space opening / closing body 35 may open and close in an inclined state. At this time, alignment between the opening of the vacant space 21 and the vacant space opening / closing body 35 is required, and problems may occur in workability at the site.
[0006] Also, although not shown, it is also possible to configure convex portions serving as rotation axes on the upper and lower sides of the opening / closing door made of stone, and to arrange concave portions into which the above-described convex portions serving as rotation axes of the opening / closing door are fitted above and below the entrance of the vacant space. However, it is necessary to independently configure the upper member and the lower member constituting the concave portion, attach them to the opening, and attach the convex portion serving as the rotation axis of the opening / closing door to the concave portion. In that case, when arranging the independent upper member and lower member above and below the entrance of the vacant space, the above-described convex portion serving as the rotation axis of the opening / closing door is attached to the concave portion so as to be fitted therein, but performing their alignment on site has problems in workability.
[0007] Therefore, if commercially available hinges can be used, problems in workability at the site do not occur, but since commercially available hinges are made of metal, problems may occur when fixing them to a door made of stone.
[0008] That is, as a method of fixing a metal hinge to stone, an adhesive may be used, but due to the difference in shrinkage rate due to temperature between the metal and the stone, the metal hinge may peel off from the stone door over many years of use, which is not suitable for long-term use of stone materials.
Prior Art Documents
Patent Documents
[0009]
Patent Document 1
Disclosure of the Invention
Problems to be Solved by the Invention
[0010] The present invention has been made paying attention to the above points, and its object is to provide an attachment device having a door made of stone materials that can support a stone door, and an attachment portion for attaching to the door.
Means for Solving the Problem
[0011] In order to solve the above problems, the attachment device of the first aspect has a door made of stone materials and an attachment portion for attaching to the door. The door further has a protruding portion that protrudes inward at its upper end portion, and the protruding portion supports the door made of stone materials by engaging with the attachment portion.
[0012] Moreover, the attachment device of the second aspect has a door made of stone materials and having a lower end portion, and an attachment portion having an attachment lower end portion for attaching the door. The attachment portion further has an attachment protruding portion that protrudes outward at its attachment lower end portion, and the attachment protruding portion supports the door made of stone materials by engaging with the lower end portion.
[0013] Moreover, the attachment device of the third aspect, in the first aspect, further has a fixing member made of stone materials, a support member fixed to the fixing member, and a hinge member that supports the support member and the attachment portion so as to be openable and closable.
[0014] Moreover, the attachment device of the fourth aspect, in the second aspect, has a fixing member made of stone materials, a support member fixed to the fixing member, the attachment portion is one hinge portion, the support member is the other hinge portion, and a rod-shaped shaft portion. The one hinge portion and the other hinge portion are rotatable through the rod-shaped shaft portion.
[0015] Further, in the mounting device of the fifth aspect, in the third or fourth aspect, in order to be disposed in a cavity having a bottom surface, the support member has a leg portion that contacts the bottom surface, and a hinge attachment portion that is disposed so as to stand upright from the leg portion, and the fixing member has a bottom surface portion that is disposed on the bottom surface, and the bottom surface portion further has a recess that is a depression, and the leg portion is disposed in the recess.
[0016] Further, in the mounting device of the sixth aspect, in the fifth aspect, the leg portion has a hole portion that becomes a hole, and the bottom surface and the recess are adhered through the hole portion.
[0017] Further, the mounting device of the seventh aspect has a door made of stone and a mounting portion for mounting on the door, and the door further has a groove-shaped door groove portion, and the door groove portion supports the door made of stone by fitting with the mounting portion.
[0018] Further, the mounting device of the eighth aspect, in the seventh aspect, further has a fixing member made of stone, a support member fixed to the fixing member, and a hinge member that supports the support member and the mounting portion so as to be openable and closable.
[0019] Further, the mounting device of the ninth aspect, in the eighth aspect, has a support member mounting portion for mounting the support member, and the support member has a leg portion that contacts the support member mounting portion and a hinge attachment portion that is disposed so as to stand upright from the leg portion, and the fixing member has a bottom surface portion that is disposed on the support member mounting portion, and the bottom surface portion further has a recess that is a depression, and the leg portion is disposed in the recess.
[0020] Further, the mounting device of the tenth aspect, in the ninth aspect, the leg portion has a hole portion that becomes a hole, and the support member mounting portion and the recess are adhered through the hole portion.
Advantages of the Invention
[0021] Since the present invention is configured and operates as described above, it is possible to provide an attachment device having a door made of stone material that can support a stone door, and an attachment portion for attaching to the door.
Brief Description of the Drawings
[0022]
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Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention
[0023] In the cemetery facility 1000, the flower stands 950, 950 each have the mounting device 10 of the first embodiment made of stone materials. The mounting device 10 of the first embodiment has the door 100 of the first embodiment and the mounting portion 200 that supports the door 100. The mounting portion 200 has hinge members 300, 300 attached thereto, and the hinge members 300, 300 are attached to the support member 320. Further, the support member 320 is attached to the fixing member 350. The support member 320 is for supporting the hinge member 300, and the door 100 is for closing the space 400 which is a space, and literally functions as a door for closing the space 400. Note that for the other mounting device 10' of the first embodiment, since it is a mirror image of the mounting device 10 of the first embodiment, the description thereof may be omitted.
[0024] In addition, incense, candles, etc. necessary for a visit to a grave can be stored in the above-mentioned void 400. Further, the void 400 is a space having a bottom surface 410 which is at least the bottom. This void 400 can be created by hollowing out stone materials. Here, the stone materials include granite, diorite, porphyry, andesite, basalt, and marble of crystalline limestone. Also, the marble is meant to include artificial marble or synthetic marble.
[0025] In addition, this void 400 can be provided, for example, in an outer fence which is a stone-built structure, but is not limited thereto. For example, it can also be applied to a group columbarium or a storage made of stone materials and used in a hotel, a bar, etc. which are composed of stone materials. Needless to say, it is not limited to this.
[0026] Note that Fig. 2A is for conceptually explaining by extracting only the flower stand 950, and shows a state where the door 100 of the first embodiment in the attachment device 10 of the first embodiment for closing the void 400 which is a space is closed. Also, Fig. 2B is similarly for conceptually explaining by extracting only the flower stand 950, and shows a state where the door 120 of the second embodiment in the attachment device 12 of the second embodiment for closing the void 400 which is a space is closed. Further, Fig. 2C is similarly for conceptually explaining by extracting only the flower stand 950, and shows a state where the door 140 of the third embodiment in the attachment device 13 of the third embodiment for closing the void 400 which is a space is closed.
[0027] The door 100 of the first embodiment in the attachment device 10 of the first embodiment is preferably made of stone materials, rectangular, and in a flat plate shape, and has a protruding portion 102 protruding inward at an upper end portion 101 which is an upper side thereof. The protruding portion 102 has a roof shape and engages with the attachment portion 200. That is, it has an attachment upper end portion 210 which is an upper end of the attachment portion 200, and it is preferable that the upper end portion 210 engages with the protruding portion 102. Note that the inward direction means the direction toward the void 400 when the door 100 closed is attached to the void 400.
[0028] Also, the attachment portion 200 in the attachment device 10 of the first embodiment is preferably adhered to the back surface portion 103 of the door 100 of the first embodiment made of stone materials with an adhesive. As the adhesive for adhering this stone material, for example, a modified silicone-based product such as the Seismic Tombstone Pro manufactured by Aika Kogyo Co., Ltd. or an epoxy resin-based product such as EP4800 manufactured by Oceka Co., Ltd. can be used alone or in combination. Also, at that time, the protrusion 102 on the door 100 and the attachment upper end portion 210 which is the upper end of the attachment portion 200 are attached so as to engage with each other. In this way, by attaching the attachment portion 200 to the door 100, the door 100 is supported by the attachment portion 200, and it is possible to reduce the load applied to the above-mentioned adhered portion, and it can withstand long-term use.
[0029] Also, the attachment device 10 of the first embodiment may further have a hinge member 300. As the hinge member 300, a commercially available product can be used, and it has one hinge leg portion 301 and the other hinge leg portion 302. One hinge leg portion 301 can be attached to the attachment portion 200 with a screw P. Also, the other hinge leg portion 302 can be attached to the support member 320 with a screw P. Note that the hinge member 300 is preferably of the stainless steel four-axis hinge interior door type manufactured by Takigen Manufacturing Co., Ltd., or the flush hinge 2000-150 type or 2000-MIGNON type manufactured by Sugatsune Kogyo Co., Ltd. However, it is not limited to these.
[0030] Also, the attachment device 10 of the first embodiment may further have a support member 320. The support member 320 has an L shape formed by processing a flat plate-shaped member to be bent, and the support member 320 has a leg portion 325 and a hinge attachment portion 330 arranged so as to stand upright from the leg portion 325 for attaching the hinge member 300. It is preferable that the hinge member 300 and the support member 320 are made of a metal such as stainless steel or aluminum.
[0031] Also, the leg portion 325 is for being disposed on the fixing member 350, and it is also preferable that it has a hole portion 335 which becomes a through hole. The hole portion 335 will be further described later.
[0032] Also, the attachment device 10 of the first embodiment may further include a fixing member 350, and the fixing member 350 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. Therefore, it contacts the bottom surface 410 which is the bottom of the cavity 400 and also contacts the wall surface 450 which is the wall of the cavity 400. That is, the fixing member 350 has a bottom surface portion 351 which is the bottom surface and a side surface portion 355 which is the side surface. As described above, the bottom surface portion 351 contacts the bottom surface 410, and the side surface portion 355 contacts the wall surface 450. Also, the fixing member 350 has an upper surface portion 353 which is the upper surface. Also, the fixing member 350 is made of the above-described stone materials.
[0033] Also, the bottom surface portion 351 of the fixing member 350 has a recess 352 which is a depression for disposing the leg portion 325. The groove shape and the depth of the groove of the recess 352 are preferably configured to be the same as the shape and the thickness of the leg portion 325. When the leg portion 325 is disposed in the recess 352 and in the cavity 400 described above, the leg portion 325 can be disposed so as to be sandwiched between the bottom surface portion 351 of the fixing member 350.
[0034] Therefore, with the leg portion 325 disposed in the recess 352, the bottom surface portion 351 is disposed on the bottom surface 410 in the cavity 400, and the bottom surface portion 351 and the bottom surface 410 are adhered and fixed with an adhesive for stone materials, whereby the leg portion 325 can be sandwiched and fixed between the fixing member 350 and the bottom surface portion 351. Also, the side surface portion 355 and the wall surface 450 which is the wall of the cavity 400 are adhered and fixed with an adhesive for stone materials. Thereby, the fixing member 350 can be surely disposed in the cavity 400 of the stone materials.
[0035] Conventionally, when fixing a metal support member 320 and a bottom surface portion 351 made of stone materials with an adhesive or the like, there are difficulties in durability, and they may peel off after long-term use. Also, it is conceivable to fix the leg portion 325 by making bolt holes (not shown) in the bottom surface 410 in the cavity 400 and using bolts (not shown). However, there was a problem that moisture invaded the bolt holes and froze, causing the bottom surface 410 to crack. However, since the fixing member 350 of the present embodiment does not require machining inside the cavity 400 when installing it, this problem is solved. The adhesive for bonding the bottom surface 410 made of stone materials and the fixing member 350 is preferably, for example, Selecti EP4800H manufactured by Orica Co., Ltd., Bond EK270 manufactured by Konishi Co., Ltd., or EP1000 manufactured by Semidine Co., Ltd., and all are preferably epoxy resin-based adhesives.
[0036] Furthermore, as described above, when the leg portion 325 has a hole portion 335 that becomes a hole penetrating the leg portion 325, with the leg portion 325 disposed in the concave portion 352 and the bottom surface portion 351 disposed on the bottom surface 410 in the cavity 400 and bonded and fixed with an adhesive for stone materials, the adhesive enters the hole portion 335, and thus the bottom surface portion 351, which is the above-mentioned stone material, and the bottom surface 410 are directly bonded by the adhesive, and the leg portion 325 can be fixed more firmly.
[0037] Next, the mounting device 12 of the second embodiment will be described. The mounting device 12 of the second embodiment includes a door 120 of the second embodiment made of stone materials and a second mounting portion 220. The door 120 of the second embodiment preferably has a rectangular flat plate shape, and the second mounting portion 220 supports the lower end portion 121, which is the lower side of the door.
[0038] In the second attachment device 12 of the second embodiment, the second attachment part 220 has an attachment protrusion part 222 protruding outward at the second attachment lower end part 221 which is the lower surface. The attachment protrusion part 222 has a shelf shape and supports the door 120 of the second embodiment by engaging with the lower end part 121. Here, the outward direction means the direction exposed to the outside when the door 120 in the state where the space 400 is closed is arranged (see Fig. 2B).
[0039] The second attachment part 220 is preferably adhered to the back surface part 122 of the door 120 of the second embodiment made of stone materials with an adhesive, and it is preferable to use the above-mentioned adhesive. Also, at that time, it is attached so that the lower end part 121 which is the lower surface of the door 120 and the attachment protrusion part 222 protruding outward at the attachment lower end part 221 of the second attachment part 220 are engaged. In this way, by attaching the door 120 of the second embodiment to the attachment protrusion part 222, the second attachment part 220 can support the door 120. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the load applied to the above-mentioned adhesion and withstand long-term use. Note that the attachment device 12 of the second embodiment may further have a hinge member 300, a support member 320, and a fixing member 350, but since they have already been described, the same reference numerals are given and the description thereof is omitted.
[0040] Next, the door 140 of the third embodiment made of stone materials will be described. The door 140 of the third embodiment preferably has a rectangular flat plate shape, and the lower end part 141 and the side surface part 143 which are the lower sides thereof are supported by a third attachment part 240 to be described later.
[0041] Next, the attachment device 13 of the third embodiment will be described. The attachment device 13 of the third embodiment has a door 140 of the third embodiment made of stone materials and a third attachment part 240. The door 140 of the third embodiment made of stone materials preferably has a rectangular flat plate shape and is supported by the third attachment part 240.
[0042] The third attachment part 240 has a third attachment protrusion part 242 protruding outward at a third attachment lower end part 241 which is a lower side. The third attachment protrusion part 242 has a shelf shape and supports the door 140 of the third embodiment by engaging with the lower end part 141. Further, it also has a fourth attachment protrusion part 252 protruding outward at a fourth attachment side part 251 which is a side part. Here, the outward direction means the direction exposed to the outside when the door 140 in a state where the void 400 is closed is arranged (see FIG. 2C).
[0043] The third attachment part 240 is preferably adhered to the back surface part 142 of the door 140 of the third embodiment made of stone materials with an adhesive, and it is preferable to use the above-mentioned adhesive. At that time, it is attached so that the lower end part 141 which is the lower surface of the door 140 and the attachment protrusion part 242 protruding outward at the attachment lower end part 241 of the third attachment part 240 are engaged, and the fourth attachment protrusion part 252 is attached to the side surface part 143. In this way, by attaching the third attachment part 240 to the door 140 of the third embodiment, the third attachment part 240 supports the door 140, so that the attachment device 13 of the third embodiment can reduce the load applied to the above-mentioned adhesion and can withstand long-term use. Note that the attachment device 13 of the third embodiment may further have a hinge member 300, a support member 320, and a fixing member 350, but since they have already been described, the same reference numerals are given and the description thereof is omitted.
[0044] Next, the mounting device 14 of the fourth embodiment, the mounting device 15 of the fifth embodiment, and the mounting device 16 of the sixth embodiment will be described in order. The mounting device 14 of the fourth embodiment has the above-described door 100 of the first embodiment and a fourth mounting portion 250 that supports the door 100. Note that Fig. 7A is for conceptually explaining by extracting only the flower stand 950, and shows the mounting device 14 of the fourth embodiment having the door 100 of the first embodiment and the fourth mounting portion 250 for closing the space 400 which is an empty space. Similarly, Fig. 7B is for conceptually explaining by extracting only the flower stand 950, and shows the mounting device 15 of the fifth embodiment having the door 120 of the second embodiment and the fifth mounting portion 260 for closing the space 400 which is an empty space. Similarly, Fig. 7C is for conceptually explaining by extracting only the flower stand 950, and shows the mounting device 16 of the sixth embodiment having the door 140 of the third embodiment and a sixth mounting portion 280 that supports the door 140 for closing the space 400 which is an empty space.
[0045] As described above, the mounting device 14 of the fourth embodiment has the above-described door 100 made of stone materials and the fourth mounting portion 250. The above-described door 100 made of stone materials in the mounting device 14 of the fourth embodiment can be supported by the fourth mounting portion 250. The fourth mounting portion 250 is preferably adhered to the back surface portion 103 of the door 100 made of stone materials with an adhesive, and it is preferable to use the above-described adhesive. Also, at that time, it is attached so that the protrusion 102 on the door 100 and the attachment upper end portion 251 which is the upper end of the fourth mounting portion 250 are engaged. In this way, by attaching the fourth mounting portion 250 to the door 100, the load applied to the above-described adhesion can be reduced by the door 100 being supported by the fourth mounting portion 250, and it can withstand long-term use.
[0046] The fourth attachment part 250 has one hinge part 310 as a part of the hinge. It also has the other hinge parts 315, 315 to be attached to the above-described support member 320. One hinge part 310 has a cylindrical bearing part 311, and the other hinge parts 315, 315 also have cylindrical second bearing parts 316. By overlapping them and inserting a rod-shaped shaft part 318, the one hinge part 310 and the other hinge parts 315, 315 can rotate rotatably via the rod-shaped shaft part 318. Therefore, the fourth attachment part 250 can be rotatably attached to the other hinge parts 315, 315. The one hinge part 310, the other hinge parts 315, 315, and the rod-shaped shaft part 318 are preferably made of a metal such as stainless steel or aluminum.
[0047] The other hinge parts 315, 315 can be attached to the above-described support member 320 by screws P. Since the support member 320 has already been described, the same reference numerals are given and its description is omitted. Also, since the fixing member 350' has the same configuration except for the different shape of the concave part 360, the same reference numerals are given and its description is omitted. Note that the attachment device 14 of the fourth embodiment may further include the one hinge part 310, the other hinge parts 315, 315 to be attached to the above-described support member 320, the rod-shaped shaft part 318, the support member 320, and the fixing member 350'. Since they have already been described, the same reference numerals are given and their description is omitted.
[0048] Next, the attachment device 15 of the fifth embodiment will be described. The attachment device 15 of the fifth embodiment has the door 120 of the second embodiment made of stone materials and the fifth attachment part 260 that supports the door 120. The fifth attachment part 260 in the attachment device 15 of the fifth embodiment has an attachment protrusion part 262 that protrudes outward at the fifth attachment lower end part 261 which is the lower side. The attachment protrusion part 262 has a shelf shape and supports the door 120 of the second embodiment by engaging with the lower end part 121. Here, the outward direction refers to the direction toward the outside as the door 120 closing the space 400.
[0049] The fifth attachment part 260 is preferably adhered to the back surface part 122 of the door 120 of the second embodiment made of stone materials with an adhesive, and it is preferable to use the above-mentioned adhesive. Also, at that time, it is attached so that the lower end part 121, which is the lower side of the door 120, and the attachment protrusion part 262 of the fifth attachment part 260 engage with each other. In this way, by attaching the door 120 of the second embodiment to the attachment protrusion part 262, the fifth attachment part 260 supports the door 120. Thereby, it is possible to reduce the load applied to the above-mentioned adhesion and withstand long-term use. Note that the attachment device 15 of the fifth embodiment may further include one hinge part 310, the other hinge parts 315, 315 attached to the above-mentioned support member 320, a rod-shaped shaft part 318, a support member 320, and a fixing member 350'. However, since they have already been described, the same reference numerals are given and their description is omitted.
[0050] Next, the attachment device 16 of the sixth embodiment will be described. The attachment device 16 of the sixth embodiment includes the door 140 of the third embodiment made of the above-mentioned stone materials and a sixth attachment part 280 that supports the door 140. The door 140 of the third embodiment in the attachment device 16 of the sixth embodiment is as described above, preferably having a rectangular flat plate shape, and the sixth attachment part 280 supports the lower end part 141 and the side surface part 143, which are the lower sides thereof.
[0051] The sixth attachment part 280 in the attachment device 16 of the sixth embodiment has a sixth attachment protrusion part 282 that protrudes outward at the sixth attachment lower end part 281, which is the lower side. The sixth attachment protrusion part 282 has a shelf shape and supports the door 140 of the third embodiment by engaging with the lower end part 141. Further, it also has a seventh attachment protrusion part 292 that protrudes outward at the sixth attachment side part 291, which is the side. Here, "outward" refers to the direction toward the outside as the door 100 closing the space 400.
[0052] The sixth attachment part 280 is preferably adhered to the back surface part 142 of the door 140 of the third embodiment made of stone materials with an adhesive, and it is preferable to use the above-mentioned adhesive. Also, at that time, it is attached so that the lower end part 141, which is the lower side of the door 140, and the sixth attachment protrusion part 282 of the sixth attachment part 280 are engaged, and the side surface part 143 and the seventh attachment protrusion part 292 of the sixth attachment part 280 are attached. In this way, by supporting the door 140 of the third embodiment with the sixth attachment protrusion part 282 and the seventh attachment protrusion part 292 in the sixth attachment part 280, it is possible to reduce the load applied to the above-mentioned adhesion and withstand long-term use. Note that the attachment device 16 of the sixth embodiment may further include one hinge part 310, the other hinge parts 315, 315 attached to the above-mentioned support member 320, a rod-shaped shaft part 318, a support member 320, and a fixing member 350'. Since they have already been described, the same reference numerals are given and their description is omitted.
[0053] Also, although not shown, when each of the above-mentioned doors has a decorative translucent void part, it is preferable that each attachment part also has a similar decorative translucent void part and they are arranged to match.
[0054] Next, the attachment device 17 of the seventh embodiment will be described. The attachment device 17 of the seventh embodiment can be used for, for example, not only the flower stand 950 but also so-called double-leaf cabinets, Buddhist altars, and shrines made of stone materials. Here, the case where the attachment device 17 of the seventh embodiment is applied to the Buddhist altar 960 will be described.
[0055] Here, the Buddhist altar 960 has the doors 500, 500 of the seventh embodiment made of the above-mentioned stone materials and a seventh attachment part 600 that supports the doors 500, 500. The Buddhist altar 960 is a so-called double-leaf type as described above and has two doors 500. Both of these doors 500 are symmetrical. One of the doors 500 will be described, and the other door 500' may be given a reference numeral and its description may be omitted.
[0056] In the attachment device 17 of the seventh embodiment, the door 500 of the seventh embodiment is preferably made of stone materials, rectangular in shape, and flat plate-shaped, and has a protruding portion 502 that protrudes inward of the Buddhist altar 960 at the upper end portion 501, which is the upper side thereof. The protruding portion 502 has a roof shape and engages with the seventh attachment portion 600 described later. Further, it is also preferable that the door 500 of the seventh embodiment has a void portion 503 that serves as a watermark-like decoration.
[0057] The seventh attachment portion 600 has a strip-shaped attachment upper end portion 611 that is arranged at the upper end and is long in the horizontal direction, a strip-shaped attachment lower end portion 612 that is arranged at the lower end and is long in the horizontal direction, an end portion 611a of the upper end portion 611, and a longitudinal connection portion 613 that connects an end portion 612a of the lower end portion 612.
[0058] Further, the seventh attachment portion 600 has hinge connection members 620, 620 for connecting to a seventh hinge member 630 that will be a hinge described later. The hinge connection members 620 are arranged so as to stand upright with respect to the connection portion 613 and are provided at two locations, upper and lower, of the connection portion 613. The hinge connection members 620 each have two screw holes 620a.
[0059] The attachment device 17 of the seventh embodiment further has a seventh hinge member 630 that will be a hinge. This seventh hinge member 630 is preferably, for example, a flush hinge manufactured by Nishimura Co., Ltd. The seventh hinge member 630 has hinge connection portions 631, 631 that connect to the hinge connection members 620, and a support member connection portion 632 that connects to a support member 640 described later. The hinge connection portions 631, 631 and the support member connection portion 632 are rotatably connected by a shaft portion 634 disposed within a bearing 633.
[0060] Further, the attachment device 17 of the seventh embodiment may have a seventh support member 640. The seventh support member 640 has a concave shape formed by bending a flat plate-shaped member and has a seventh leg portion 645 and seventh hinge attachment portions 660, 660. This seventh support member 640 is preferably made of a metal such as stainless steel or aluminum.
[0061] In addition, the mounting device 17 of the seventh embodiment may further include a fixing member 760. Note that the above-described seventh leg portion 645 is for being disposed on the fixing member 760, and preferably has a long hole portion 650 in the shape of a long hole that penetrates therethrough. Similar to the above, for this long hole portion 650, the floor surface portion 770 described later and the bottom surface 810 will be directly adhered by the adhesive, and the seventh leg portion 645 can be fixed more firmly.
[0062] The fixing member 760 has a floor surface portion 770 serving as a floor and a rear surface portion 780 serving as a wall, and they are integrally formed. In this way, by integrating the floor surface portion 770 and the rear surface portion 780 serving as a wall to form the fixing member 760, the evaluation is enhanced by using a stone door, and in a cabinet, a Buddhist altar, a shrine, a small storage, etc., the alignment of other surfaces in addition to the above becomes easy, and the interior space of the cavity 800 can be crafted, polished, and retrofitted for alignment, and the inner surface of the other vertical surfaces can also be polished. Also, the recessing process of the recess 778 described later for disposing the seventh leg portion 645 becomes easy.
[0063] In addition, the floor surface portion 770 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape and is in contact with the bottom surface 810 which is the bottom in the cavity 800. Also, the rear wall portion 780 is configured as the rear wall surface which is the wall of the cavity 800. That is, the fixing member 760 has a floor surface portion 770 which is the bottom surface and a floor side surface portion 775 which is its side surface. As described above, the floor surface portion 770 is in contact with the bottom surface 810, and the floor side surface portion 775 is in contact with the side wall surface 850. Also, the fixing member 760 has an upper surface portion 776 of the floor surface portion 770 which is the upper surface. Also, the fixing member 760 is made of the above-described stone materials. The side wall surface 850 will be described later.
[0064] In addition, the floor surface portion 770 of the fixing member 760 has a recess 778, which is a depression for arranging the seventh leg portion 645, on the floor bottom surface portion 777 that is the bottom surface. The groove shape and groove depth of this recess 778 are preferably configured to be the same as the shape and thickness of the seventh leg portion 645. When the seventh leg portion 645 is arranged in the recess 778 and in the above-mentioned void 800, the seventh leg portion 645 can be arranged so as to be sandwiched between the floor bottom surface portion 777 of the fixing member 760.
[0065] Therefore, with the seventh leg portion 645 arranged in the recess 778, the floor surface portion 770 is arranged on the bottom surface 810 in the void 800, and the floor surface portion 770 and the bottom surface 810 are adhered and fixed with an adhesive for stone materials, whereby the seventh leg portion 645 can be sandwiched and fixed between the fixing member 760 and the floor surface portion 770. Also, the floor side surface portion 775 and the side wall surface 850 that is the wall of the void 800 are adhered and fixed with an adhesive for stone materials. Thereby, the fixing member 760 can be surely arranged in the void 800 of the stone materials. Note that, similar to the above, in the long hole portion 650, the floor surface portion 770 and the bottom surface 810 will be directly adhered by the above-mentioned adhesive, and the seventh leg portion 645 can be fixed more firmly. Note that the adhesive is as described above.
[0066] In addition, the side wall surface 850 has a side wall recess 860, which is a depression for arranging the seventh hinge attachment portion 660. The side wall recess 860 is preferably configured to follow the shape of the seventh hinge attachment portion 660, and it is preferably configured to be flush so that the seventh hinge attachment portion 660 is embedded in the side wall recess 860. Also, a groove portion 861 can be provided to prevent interference with the shaft portion 633.
[0067] In this way, since the side wall surface 850 has the side wall recess 860, which is a depression for arranging the seventh hinge attachment portion 660, there are no protrusions in the void 800, and decorative gold leaf or decorative panels can be attached to the side wall surface 850 or the fixing member 760, facilitating the decoration inside the void 800.
[0068] Next, the mounting device 18 of the eighth embodiment will be described. The mounting device 18 of the eighth embodiment is substantially the same in configuration as the mounting device 17 of the seventh embodiment. Differences will be described, and parts having the same configuration as those of the seventh embodiment will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof may be omitted.
[0069] The mounting device 18 of the eighth embodiment is for use with an altar 970 that is wider than the altar 960, and has a first door 810, a second door 820, a third door 830, and a fourth door 840. The first door 810 and the second door 820, and the third door 830 and the fourth door 840 can be said to be in the form of a folding two-panel screen.
[0070] Here, the first door 810 and the second door 820 can be folded like a screen, and the third door 830 and the fourth door 840 can also be folded like a screen. The first door 810 and the second door 820 are symmetric with the third door 830 and the fourth door 840. Only the first door 810 and the second door 820 will be described, and the parts having the same configuration as those of the third door 830 and the fourth door 840 will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof may be omitted.
[0071] The first door 810 and the second door 820 of the eighth embodiment in the mounting device 18 of the eighth embodiment have the same shape. They are preferably made of stone materials, rectangular, and in a flat plate shape. The first door 810 has a protruding portion 812 that protrudes inward at its upper edge, which is the upper end portion 811. The protruding portion 812 is in the shape of an eave and engages with a mounting portion 850 described later.
[0072] The second door 820 has a protruding portion 822 that protrudes inward at its upper edge, which is the upper end portion 821. The protruding portion 822 is in the shape of an eave and engages with a second mounting portion 890 described later.
[0073] The attachment part 850 is substantially in the shape of a reversed L, and has a horizontally long strip-shaped upper attachment end part 851 disposed at the upper end, a horizontally long strip-shaped lower attachment end part 852 disposed at the lower end, a vertically long first connecting part 853 connecting one end part 851a of the upper end part 851 and one end part 852a of the lower end part 852, a vertically long second connecting part 854 connecting the other end part 851b of the upper end part 851 and the other end part 852b of the lower end part 852. The outer shape of the attachment part 850 is configured to be smaller than the outer shape of the first door 810 so as to be hidden by the first door 810. The attachment part 850 is in the shape of a reversed L for the purpose of weight reduction, but is not necessarily limited to this shape.
[0074] In addition, the attachment part 850 has hinge connection parts 870, 870 for connecting to the seventh hinge member 630. The hinge connection parts 870 are disposed so as to stand upright with respect to the first connecting part 853, and are provided at two locations, upper and lower, of the first connecting part 853. Each of the hinge connection parts 870 has two screw holes 870a.
[0075] In addition, a flat hinge 875 can be attached to the second connecting part 854, and it is connected to the second attachment part 890. The second attachment part 890 has a horizontally disposed strip-shaped upper attachment end part 891 disposed at the upper end, a strip-shaped lower attachment end part 892 disposed at the lower end, and a vertically long connecting part 893 connecting one end part 891a of the upper end part 891 and one end part 892a of the lower end part 892. The upper end part 891 engages with the protrusion 822 on the second door 820, and the second attachment part 890 and the second door 820 can be adhered to each other.
[0076] Furthermore, the attachment device 18 of the eighth embodiment has a seventh hinge member 630 serving as a hinge. Since its configuration is the same as that described above, the same reference numerals may be given and its description may be omitted. Also, as described above, for example, the flush hinge manufactured by Nishimura Co., Ltd. is preferable for this seventh hinge member 630.
[0077] Further, although the mounting device 18 of the eighth embodiment has the same configuration as that of the above-described seventh support member 640 but different sizes, it has four long hole portions 650, which is different from the seventh support member 640. However, since the configuration of the seventh support member 640 other than that is as described above, the same reference numerals may be given and the description thereof may be omitted.
[0078] Further, the mounting device 18 of the eighth embodiment may have a side wall surface 900. The side wall surface 900 has a side wall recess 910, which is a recess for arranging the seventh hinge attachment portion 660. The side wall recess 910 is preferably configured to follow the shape of the seventh hinge attachment portion 660, and it is preferably configured to be flush so that the seventh hinge attachment portion 660 is embedded in the side wall recess 910. Further, a groove portion 911 may be provided to prevent interference with the shaft portion 633.
[0079] Further, the mounting device 18 of the eighth embodiment can have the above-described fixing member 760. Since the fixing member 760 has already been described, the description thereof is omitted (see FIG. 15). In this way, the side wall surface 900 has the side wall recess 910, which is a recess for arranging the seventh hinge attachment portion 660, so that there are no protrusions in the cavity 800, and it becomes easy to attach decorative gold foil or decorative panels to the side wall surface 850, and the decoration in the cavity 800 becomes easy.
[0080] Next, the mounting device 19 of the ninth embodiment will be described. The mounting device 19 of the ninth embodiment can also be used for, for example, a so-called double-leaf cabinet, a Buddhist altar, or a shrine made of stone materials other than the flower stand 950. Here, the case where the mounting device 19 of the ninth embodiment is applied to the Buddhist altar 980 will be described. The Buddhist altar 980 has the doors 1000, 1000 of the ninth embodiment made of the above-described stone materials and the ninth attachment portion 1100 that supports the doors 1000, 1000.
[0081] As described above, the Buddhist altar 980 has two doors, 1000 and 1000. These doors are symmetrical, and one door 1000 will be described, and the other door 1000 may be given a reference number and its description omitted.
[0082] The door 1000 of the ninth embodiment in the mounting device 19 of the ninth embodiment is preferably made of stone material, has a rectangular and flat shape, and has a protrusion 1002 protruding inward at an upper end 1001, which is the upper side. The protrusion 1002 has a eaves shape and fits with a ninth mounting part 1100, which will be described later. That is, the door 1000 has a ninth mounting groove 1050 that fits with the ninth mounting part 1100, which will be described later. The ninth mounting groove 1050 has a shape that follows the ninth mounting part 1100 in order to fit with the ninth mounting part 1100 as described above.
[0083] The ninth mounting portion 1100 has an upper mounting end 1111 that is located at the upper end and is strip-shaped and long in the horizontal direction, a lower mounting end 1112 that is located at the lower end and is strip-shaped and long in the horizontal direction, and a vertically long connecting portion 1113 that connects one end 1111a of the upper end 1111 to one end 1112a of the lower end 1112.
[0084] The upper end 1111 of the ninth mounting portion 1100 can be attached to the door 1000 by engaging with the protrusion 1002 on the door 1000 described above, and when the ninth mounting groove portion 1050 is provided, the ninth mounting groove portion 1050 and the ninth mounting portion 1100 fit together, thereby allowing the ninth mounting portion 1100 to be attached to the door 1000.
[0085] Further, the ninth attachment part 1100 may include the seventh hinge member 630, and the ninth attachment part 1100 can be connected to the above-mentioned seventh hinge member 630 and has hinge connection parts 1120, 1120 for connecting to the seventh hinge part 700. The hinge connection parts 1120 are arranged to stand upright with respect to the connection part 1113 and are provided at two locations above and below the connection part 1113. Each of the hinge connection parts 1120 has two screw holes 1120a.
[0086] Also, the lower end part 1112 has screw holes 1112c, 1112c for attaching a flat panel part 1150 described later and a shelf part 1180 that serves as a shelf to be attached to the panel part.
[0087] The flat panel part 1150 is attached to the back surface of the door 1000, is substantially rectangular, and has a shape substantially the same as that of the door 1000. However, in order to avoid interference with the hinge connection parts 1120, 1120 in the ninth attachment part 1100, it has two cutout parts 1151, 1151 at the top and bottom. Also, at the lower part of the panel part 1150, it has panel screw holes 1150a, 1150a which are screw holes at positions corresponding to the screw holes 1112c, 1112c.
[0088] Also, the shelf part 1180 has a shape bent in an L shape in side view and has a shelf attachment part 1191 and a placement part 1192. The shelf attachment part 1191 has shelf attachment part screw holes which are screw holes. When the shelf part 1180 is used as an altar, it is possible to install Buddhist utensils such as an incense burner (incense holder) and an orin here.
[0089] Furthermore, it has a seventh hinge member 630 that serves as a hinge. Since the seventh hinge member 630 has already been described, the same reference numerals are given and its description is omitted.
[0090] Further, the ninth attachment part 1100 may have the above-described seventh support member 640. The seventh support member 640 has a concave shape formed by bending a flat plate-like member, and has a seventh leg part 645 and seventh hinge attachment parts 660, 660. This seventh support member 640 is preferably made of a metal such as stainless steel or aluminum.
[0091] Also, the attachment device 19 of the ninth embodiment may further have a fixing member 1210. The fixing member 1210 has a floor surface part 1250 that serves as a floor, a table part 1270 that serves as a table for placing an object on the floor surface part 1250, and a rear surface part 1280 that serves as a wall, and they are integrally configured. The floor surface part 1250 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape and is in contact with a bottom surface 1205 that is the bottom in the space 1200. Also, the table part 1270 has an arc shape, and an object can be placed here.
[0092] Also, the rear surface part 1280 has an inner peripheral surface with a part of its curved surface cut off. However, its shape is not limited to the shape having the inner peripheral surface, and a flat surface is also preferable.
[0093] The back surface of the floor surface part 1250 of the fixing member 1210 has a recess 1260 that is a depression. The groove shape and the depth of the groove of the recess 1260 are preferably configured in the same manner as the shape and the thickness of the seventh leg part 645. When the seventh leg part 645 is disposed in the recess 1260 and in the above-described space 1200, the seventh leg part 645 can be disposed so as to be sandwiched between the floor surface part 1250 and the bottom surface 1205 of the fixing member 1210.
[0094] Also, a side wall part 1280 and a ceiling part 1290 that are side walls surrounding the space 1200 each have a rectangular plate shape, and the side wall part 1280 has a recess part 1280a that is a depression. This recess part 1280a is for avoiding interference with the seventh hinge member 630.
[0095] Next, the mounting device 20 of the tenth embodiment will be described. The mounting device 20 of the tenth embodiment has a tenth mounting portion 1300, and the tenth mounting portion 1300 is what can be called a door unit and is for closing a space portion 1500 having a void. That is, the space portion 1500 constitutes a space portion obtained by hollowing out a part of a wall in, for example, a hotel or a restaurant, or an outdoor perpetual care columbarium with a metal door, or a space for storing dough at the bottom of a pizza baking stone oven of a barbecue stove, and the like, and these space portions can be closed.
[0096] The tenth mounting portion 1300 has a door 1350 and a mounting portion 1400 that supports the door 1350. The mounting portion 1400 has the above-described hinge member 630 attached thereto, and the hinge member 630 is attached to a tenth support member 1600. The tenth support member 1600 is attached to a support member mounting portion 1700, and the support member mounting portion 1700 is made of stone. This support member mounting portion 1700 is what replaces the above-described bottom surface portion.
[0097] The door 1350 of the tenth embodiment in the mounting device 20 of the tenth embodiment is made of stone materials, preferably has a rectangular shape and presents a flat plate shape, and has a plurality of groove-shaped door groove portions 1360. The door groove portions 1360 are for attaching the mounting portion 1400, and preferably present a shape following the mounting portion 1400 so that the mounting portion 1400 can be fitted therein. In this embodiment, there are three door groove portions 1360 in the vertical direction. Needless to say, the number can increase or decrease depending on the shape of the door 1350. The groove-shaped door groove portions 1360 can be formed using cutting tools such as sandblasting or a hand sander suitable for the fabrication of the door groove portions.
[0098] The attachment portion 1400 has a flat attachment main body portion 1410 and a hinge attachment portion 1420, which are integrated. Further, the hinge attachment portion 1420 can be configured by bending it with respect to the attachment main body portion 1410. The hinge attachment portion 1420 is, as the name implies, for attaching the hinge member 630.
[0099] As described above, the hinge member 630 is preferably, for example, a flush hinge manufactured by Nishimura. The hinge member 630 has hinge connection portions 631, 631 that connect to the hinge attachment portion 1420, and a support member connection portion 632 that connects to the support member 1600, and they are connected to be openable and closable with respect to each other.
[0100] The tenth support member 1600 has an L-shape formed by processing a flat member to be bent, and the tenth support member 1600 has a tenth leg portion 1610 and a tenth hinge attachment portion 1620 arranged so as to stand upright from the tenth leg portion 1610 for attaching the hinge member 630. This tenth support member 1600 is preferably made of a metal such as stainless steel or aluminum.
[0101] Further, the tenth leg portion 1610 is for arranging on the support member attachment portion 1700, and it is also preferable to have a hole portion 1650 that becomes a through hole. This hole portion 1650 is the same as the above-described hole portion.
[0102] Further, the tenth attachment portion 1300 may further have a fixing member 1800. The fixing member 1800 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape and is in contact with the support member attachment portion 1700. That is, the fixing member 1800 is arranged to be in contact with the support member attachment portion 1700 that replaces the bottom surface portion described above. The fixing member 1800 is composed of the above-described stone materials.
[0103] Further, the bottom surface portion 1810 of the fixing member 1800 has a recess 1820 which is a depression for arranging the tenth leg portion 1610. The groove shape and the depth of the groove of the recess 1820 are preferably configured to be the same as the shape and the thickness of the tenth leg portion 1610. When the tenth leg portion 1610 is arranged in the recess 1820 and on the above-described support member attachment portion 1700, the tenth leg portion 1610 can be arranged so as to be sandwiched between the bottom surface portion 1810 of the fixing member 1800.
[0104] Therefore, with the tenth leg portion 1610 arranged in the recess 1820, it is arranged on the support member attachment portion 1700, and the support member attachment portion 1700 and the fixing member 1800 are adhered and fixed with an adhesive for stone materials, whereby the tenth leg portion 1610 can be sandwiched and fixed between the fixing member 1800 and the support member attachment portion 1700.
[0105] Further, the tenth attachment portion 1300 may further have a support column member 1900. The support column member 1900 is for supporting the tenth hinge attachment portion 1620 in the tenth support member 1600, and has a groove-shaped hinge attachment fitting portion 1910 into which the tenth hinge attachment portion 1620 is fitted. The hinge attachment fitting portion 1910 has a groove shape following the shape of the tenth hinge attachment portion 1620. Further, the support column member 1900 can be fixed to a base portion 1950 serving as a base by an anchor bolt or the like. As described above, since the tenth attachment portion 1300 functions as a unit of the door portion and can be applied if it has a space portion 1500, in addition to the case of configuring a space portion obtained by hollowing out a part of the wall in a hotel or a restaurant, it can be applied to a stone door 1350 configured of stone materials as a thing for closing a space portion under an outdoor columbarium with a metal door or under a pizza baking stone oven of a barbecue stove.
[0106] In this way, any of the above-described mounting devices has a hinge member, or one hinge portion and the other hinge portion, a support member, and a fixing member, thereby solving the following problems that occur, for example, when drilling a hole for inserting an anchor bolt into a stone material in a void. That is, when the hinge member or one hinge portion and the other hinge portion are supported by the anchor bolt, the anchor bolt is held by a part of the anchor bolt inserted into the hole spreading. However, when there is an external impact while pressure is applied to the hole, there is a problem that it is impossible to eliminate the risk of damaging the stone material drilled with the hole as the pressure tries to escape. Also, when moisture enters the inside of the hole, in a cold region, further pressure is applied due to freeze expansion, increasing the risk of damage, but these problems can also be solved as described above. Further, any of the above-described mounting devices can select whether to use double doors (butterfly opening) or a single door depending on the usage.
Explanation of Signs
[0107] 10 Mounting device of the first embodiment 12 Mounting device of the second embodiment 13 Mounting device of the third embodiment 14 Mounting device of the fourth embodiment 15 Mounting device of the fifth embodiment 16 Mounting device of the sixth embodiment 17 Mounting device of the seventh embodiment 18 Mounting device of the eighth embodiment 19 Mounting device of the ninth embodiment 20 Mounting device of the tenth embodiment 100 Door of the first embodiment 102 Protrusion 120 Door of the second embodiment 140 Door of the third embodiment 200 Mounting portion 210 Upper mounting end 220 Second mounting portion 240 Third mounting portion 250 Fourth mounting portion 260 Fifth attachment part 280 Sixth attachment part 300 Hinge member 310 One hinge member 315 The other hinge member 320 Support member 325 Leg part 330 Hinge attachment part 330 Hole part 350 Fixing part 352 Concave part 400 Space 410 Bottom surface 950 Floral stand 1000 Cemetery equipment
Claims
1. A door made of stone materials, having a lower end portion, and an attachment portion having an attachment lower end portion for attaching the door, and having: the attachment portion further having an attachment protrusion protruding outward at its attachment lower end portion, and the attachment protrusion supporting the door made of stone materials by engaging with the lower end portion, an attachment device.
2. A door made of stone materials, and an attachment portion for attaching to the door, and having: the door further having a protrusion protruding inward at its upper end portion, and the protrusion supporting the door made of stone materials by engaging with the attachment portion, and a fixing member made of stone materials, a support member fixed to the fixing member, and a hinge member for supporting the support member and the attachment portion so as to be openable and closable, an attachment device for attaching a door made of stone materials.
3. A fixing member made of stone materials, a support member fixed to the fixing member, the attachment portion being one hinge portion, the support member being the other hinge portion, and having a rod-shaped shaft portion, and the one hinge portion and the other hinge portion being rotatable through the rod-shaped shaft portion, an attachment device for attaching a door made of stone materials according to Claim 1.
4. In order to be disposed in a cavity having a bottom surface, the support member has a leg portion in contact with the bottom surface, a hinge attachment portion disposed so as to stand upright from the leg portion, the fixing member having a bottom surface portion disposed on the bottom surface, and the bottom surface portion further having a recess that is a depression, and the attachment device according to Claim 2 or 3, wherein the leg portion is disposed in the recess.
5. The attachment device according to Claim 4, wherein the leg portion has a hole portion that is a hole, and the bottom surface and the recess are adhered through the hole portion.
6. A door made of stone materials, and an attachment portion for attaching to the door, and having: the door further having a groove-shaped door groove portion, and the door groove portion supporting the door made of stone materials by fitting with the attachment portion, and a fixing member made of stone materials, a support member fixed to the fixing member, and a hinge member for supporting the support member and the attachment portion so as to be openable and closable, an attachment device for attaching a door made of stone materials.
7. having a support member attachment portion for attaching the support member, and the support member having a leg portion in contact with the support member attachment portion, It has a hinge attachment part arranged so as to stand upright from the leg part. The fixing member has a bottom surface part arranged at the support member attachment part. The bottom surface part further has a recessed part that becomes a dent. The attachment device according to claim 6, wherein the leg part is arranged in the recessed part.
8. The attachment device according to claim 7, wherein the leg part has a hole part that becomes a hole, and the support member attachment part and the recessed part are adhered through the hole part.
Citation Information
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