Method for preparing ergothioneine microcapsule structure containing prebiotics

Abstract

To provide an ergothioneine microcapsule structure with prebiotics, manufacturing method thereof, and use and oral dosage forms thereof.SOLUTION: The microcapsule structure according to the present invention has a core layer with multiple holes and a coating layer. All of the holes are connected to each other, or all of the holes are not connected to each other, or a part of the holes are connected to each other, or a part of the holes are not connected to each other. The coating layer is formed by spraying concentrated liquid on all or a part of surfaces of the core layer and the holes. The concentrated liquid comprises several prebiotics, and the core layer is formed by mushroom fruiting body particles. By increasing the surface area or filling capacity of the coating layer to increase the content of polysaccharide, polyphenols and ergothioneine sufficiently contained in each microcapsule structure, it ensures that the microcapsule structure has the concentration of medicinal active ingredients that have health effects on the human body to solve the problems in which a large amount of mushrooms needs to be eaten in the past, mushrooms are difficult to digest and absorb, so people tends to eat them too much. The invention further provides methods of preparation, use and oral dosage forms.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2B

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a microcapsule structure, and more particularly, to a microcapsule structure in which a core layer formed of mushroom fruit body particles, and an adhesion layer containing a polysaccharide, a polyphenol, and ergothioneine is formed on the surface of the core layer, and a method for preparing the same, a method of use, and an oral dosage form.

Background Art

[0002] In supplements, mushrooms have been one of the foods loved by people since ancient times. Mushrooms contain a plurality of functional components, and have health care effects such as enhancing physical strength, improving immunity, having an anti-cancer effect, and regulating blood glucose levels and blood lipids in the human body. Among the functional components of mushrooms, ergothioneine has gradually become important to people due to its strong antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory ability. In addition, the polysaccharides of mushrooms have various effects beneficial to human health, such as lowering blood glucose levels and cholesterol levels, regulating immunity, and promoting intestinal peristalsis by adjusting the intestinal flora.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0003] Ergothioneine cannot be synthesized in the body of animals or plants and can only be ingested through diet. Therefore, ingesting mushrooms has been the most effective way to obtain ergothioneine. However, in order to obtain the concentration that exerts the health care effect on the human body, it was necessary to ingest a large amount of mushrooms. However, since mushrooms themselves are high-potassium foods, they were not suitable for patients with kidney disease with high blood potassium levels and gout patients with high uric acid levels. In addition, since mushrooms have thick cell walls, they are difficult to digest for the human body. If ingested in excess, it will increase the burden on the gastrointestinal tract and cause gastrointestinal disorders. Furthermore, since ergothioneine itself is a highly water-soluble component, it easily leaks if the cooking method is not appropriate.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention has been made by the intensive research of the inventors in view of the above problems, and effectively improves the inconvenience of ingesting ergothioneine by directly cooking conventional mushrooms, enabling users to more easily ingest sufficient amounts of prebiotics such as ergothioneine, polyphenols, and polysaccharides, improving intestinal function, and reducing constipation.

[0005] Conventionally, a large amount of edible mushrooms were required, which was inconvenient. To solve the drawback of excessive ingestion, the present invention provides an ergothioneine microcapsule structure containing prebiotics, a preparation method thereof, a usage method, and an oral dosage form. By increasing the contents of polysaccharides, polyphenols, and ergothioneine richly contained in each of the microcapsule structures, it is ensured that a sufficient amount of the concentration of the medicinal active ingredient is contained in the microcapsules, and the drawbacks associated with directly ingesting mushrooms are reduced.

[0006] The main object of the present invention is to provide an ergothioneine microcapsule structure containing prebiotics.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0007] To solve the above problems, the ergothioneine microcapsule structure containing prebiotics according to an aspect of the present invention includes at least one core layer and an adhesion layer, and the core layer has a plurality of pores. These pores may communicate with each other, may not communicate, may partially communicate, or may partially not communicate. The adhesion layer is formed after spraying a concentrated solution on partial surfaces or all surfaces of both the core layer and these pores.

[0008] In a preferred example of the present invention, the concentrated solution contains a polysaccharide, a polyphenol, and ergothioneine, and the core layer is formed of mushroom fruit body particles.

[0009] In a preferred example of the present invention, the core layer is an irregular structure, a sphere, an ellipsoid, a cylinder, or a polyhedron.

[0010] In a preferred example of the present invention, the ergothioneine microcapsule structure containing the prebiotics is composed of a plurality of the core layers having the same or different particle sizes.

[0011] In a preferred example of the present invention, the core layer is obtained through a freeze-drying process.

[0012] In a preferred example of the present invention, the ratio of the weight of the adhesion layer to the weight of the core layer is 1:0.5 to 1:2.2.

[0013] Furthermore, the main object of the present invention is to further provide an ergothioneine microcapsule structure containing prebiotics, which is prepared as an ergothioneine microcapsule for improving constipation and eliminating fecal impaction.

[0014] Furthermore, the main object of the present invention is to further provide a method for preparing an ergothioneine microcapsule structure containing prebiotics, which is used for preparing the ergothioneine microcapsule structure containing prebiotics. The preparation method includes the following steps. Step (a) of using the first mushroom fruit body particles as the core layer, the core layer having a plurality of pores, and in the granulation step, after spraying a concentrated solution on both the partial surface or the entire surface of both the core layer and these pores, an adhesion layer is formed, the concentrated solution containing a polysaccharide, a polyphenol, and ergothioneine, and the ratio of the weight of the adhesion layer to the weight of the core layer being 1:0.5 to 1:2.2 (step (b)).

[0015] In a preferred example of the present invention, the concentrated solution is produced by a second mushroom fruit body sequentially passing through a second pulverization step, an extraction step, and a concentration step.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the second grinding step, after adding a solvent to the second mushroom fruit body to form a mushroom mixture, it is ground. The mushroom mixture contains 10 to 80 parts by weight of the mushroom fruit body and the remaining parts by weight of the solvent per 100 parts by weight in total, and the solvent is pure water or a 20% to 95% ethanol solution.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the extraction step, the ground mushroom mixture is extracted through a hot water extraction step or an ultrasonic extraction step to obtain a first extract. The required time for the extraction step is 0.5 to 24 hours. After the first extract passes through a centrifugation step, the supernatant is collected, and the supernatant is the second extract.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the concentration step, after the second extract is concentrated through a vacuum concentration step or a heating concentration step, the concentrated solution is obtained, and the ratio of the weight of the concentrated solution to the weight of the second mushroom fruit body is in the range of 0.1 to 0.3.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mushroom fruit body particles are produced after the first mushroom fruit body sequentially undergoes a freeze-drying step and a dry grinding step.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the freeze-drying step, the first mushroom fruit body is frozen at a freezing temperature, and the freezing temperature is -20°C to -80°C.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the dry grinding step, the frozen first mushroom fruit body is ground into the mushroom fruit body particles by a dry grinding technique.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mushroom fruit body particles are obtained by further sieving with a first screen mesh, and the mesh size of the first screen mesh is 80 mesh.

[0023] In a preferred example of the present invention, the ergothioneine microcapsule structure containing the prebiotics is obtained by further sieving with a second screen mesh, and the mesh size of the second screen mesh is 60 mesh.

[0024] In a preferred example of the present invention, the first mushroom fruit body or the second mushroom fruit body is shiitake mushroom, enoki mushroom, eryngii mushroom, tamogitake mushroom, or a combination thereof.

[0025] Further, the main object of the present invention is to further provide an oral dosage form comprising an ergothioneine microcapsule structure containing a plurality of prebiotics. The ergothioneine microcapsule structure containing the prebiotics is produced by the method for preparing the ergothioneine microcapsule structure containing the prebiotics described above, and the oral dosage form is selected from gelatin capsules and non-gelatin capsules.

Effects of the Invention

[0026] Thereby, the present invention provides a microcapsule structure in which a core layer formed of mushroom fruit body particles and an adhesion layer containing a polysaccharide, a polyphenol, and ergothioneine are formed on the surface of the core layer, thereby increasing the surface area or the filling dosage of the adhesion layer, and increasing the contents of the polysaccharide, the polyphenol, and the ergothioneine abundantly contained in each of the microcapsule structures, so as to ensure the concentration of the medicinal active ingredient having a health care effect on the human body of the microcapsule structure, and solve the disadvantages that a large amount of edible mushrooms were conventionally required, which was inconvenient, and excessive intake was likely to occur.

[0027] Other objects, configurations, and effects of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of the embodiments of the invention.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0028]

Figure 1

Figure 2A

Figure 2B

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0029] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications are possible within the described range. Embodiments obtained by appropriately combining the technical means disclosed in different embodiments are also included in the technical scope of the present invention.

[0030] To make the description of the content of the present invention more detailed and complete, embodiments and specific examples of the present invention are provided and described below. However, the implementation and operation are not limited to the specific examples of the present invention.

[0031] In addition, in this specification, unless otherwise specified, the singular form of the expression also includes the plural form concept. Also, the terms used in this specification are used in the meaning commonly used in the said field unless otherwise specified. Therefore, unless otherwise defined, all technical terms and scientific and technological terms used in this specification have meanings generally understood by those skilled in the field to which the present invention belongs.

[0032] The main object of the present invention is to provide an ergothioneine microcapsule structure containing prebiotics (see Figure 1). In the present invention, the fruiting body particles of mushrooms are used as the core layer (11), and an adhesion layer (13) is formed by spraying a concentrated solution on the surfaces of both the core layer (11) and these pores (12). The concentrated solution contains prebiotics such as polysaccharides, polyphenols, and ergothioneine. The plurality of pores (12) increase the surface area or filling dosage to which polysaccharides, polyphenols, and ergothioneine adhere, thereby increasing the content of polysaccharides, polyphenols, and ergothioneine richly contained in each of the microcapsule structures. The present invention selects a microcapsule structure to effectively release mushroom fruiting body particles, polysaccharides, polyphenols, and ergothioneine, and also speeds up the dissolution rate, making it easier to be absorbed by the human body.

[0033] In one embodiment of the present invention, the core layer (11) may be an irregular structure, a sphere, an ellipsoid, a cylinder, or a polyhedron, and the irregular structure may be a structure having an irregular surface. The core layer (11) has a plurality of holes (12), and these holes (12) may communicate with each other, may not communicate with each other, may be partially communicated, or may be partially not communicated. The adhesion layer (13) is formed after spraying a concentrated solution on partial surfaces or all surfaces of both the core layer (11) and these holes (12). The partial surfaces or all surfaces of the core layer (11) include partial or all surfaces of these holes (12). The plurality of holes (12) and the irregular surface structure of the core layer (11) increase the adsorption amount of the adhesion layer (13).

[0034] In one embodiment of the present invention, the core layer (11) is spherical and has a plurality of pores (12), and these pores (12) do not communicate with each other (see Fig. 2A). Referring also to Fig. 2B, which is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A' of Fig. 1. An adhesion layer (13) is formed on the surface of the core layer (11) and its pores (12). The concentrated solution contains prebiotics such as polysaccharides, polyphenols, and ergothioneine. The concentrated solution may be, for example, a concentrated solution extracted from the dried powder of shiitake, oyster mushroom, shimeji mushroom, or enoki mushroom, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The core layer (11) is formed of mushroom fruiting body particles. The core layer (11) is manufactured, for example, from shiitake or oyster mushroom, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Fig. 3A is an enlarged view of the core layer (11) observed with a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Fig. 3B is an enlarged view of the ergothioneine microcapsule structure containing prebiotics observed with a scanning electron microscope, and the scale is 20.0 μm. In the example of Fig. 3A, the core layer (11) manufactured from shiitake mushroom fruiting body particles is observed at a magnification of 2000 times using a scanning electron microscope. Looking at the enlarged view, the core layer (11) has obtained an irregular structure and pores (12) through freeze-drying treatment. The irregular structure is a 3D structure, and these pores (12) are formed so as not to communicate with each other, communicate partially, or not communicate at all. In the example of Fig. 3B, similarly, the core layer (11) and the adhesion layer (13) manufactured from shiitake mushroom fruiting body particles of one microcapsule structure are observed at a magnification of 2000 times using a scanning electron microscope. Looking at the enlarged view, an adhesion layer (13) is formed on the surface of the core layer (11) and its pores (12). Incidentally, in the present invention, the destruction of the active ingredient structure in the core layer is reduced by freeze-drying treatment, and its chemical structure and medicinal activity are retained.

[0035] The ergothioneine microcapsule structure (1) containing the prebiotics is composed of a plurality of core layers (11) having the same or different particle sizes derived from multiple types of mushroom fruit bodies, and is sieved by 80-mesh and 60-mesh screen meshes respectively to obtain an ergothioneine microcapsule structure containing prebiotics with an average particle size of 180 μm to 250 μm. The ratio of the weight of the adhesion layer (13) to the weight of the core layer (11) is indirectly controlled within the range of 1:0.5 to 1:2.2.

[0036] As shown in FIGS. 3A and 4, the main object of the present invention is to further provide a method (2) for preparing an ergothioneine microcapsule structure containing prebiotics, which is used for preparing the ergothioneine microcapsule structure containing prebiotics. The preparation method includes the following steps. Providing first mushroom fruit body particles composed of at least one type of mushroom fruit body particles as the core layer (11), the core layer (11) having a plurality of pores (12), and the mushroom fruit body particles being manufactured after the first mushroom fruit body sequentially undergoes a freeze-drying step and a dry-grinding step. The core layer (11) is an irregular structure and has a plurality of pores (12) that communicate with each other, do not communicate with each other, partially communicate with each other, or partially do not communicate with each other (see FIG. 2A) in step (a). The freeze-drying step places the first mushroom fruit body at a freezing temperature of -20°C to -80°C by a vacuum method to freeze it and reduce the remaining liquid. The freeze-drying treatment not only reduces the destruction of the structure of the core layer (11), but also retains the chemical structure and medicinal activity of the mushroom fruit body particles, extends the shelf life, and is beneficial for subsequent processing. The dry-grinding step grinds the frozen first mushroom fruit body into the mushroom fruit body particles by a dry-grinding technique. The dry-grinding technique generates particles by causing the first mushroom fruit body and the cutter to collide at high speed, and discharges the particles ground by the centrifugal separation principle of a subsequent cyclone separator or airflow pulverizer. The core layer (11) is manufactured, for example, from shiitake mushrooms or Grifola frondosa, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0037] As shown in FIGS. 3B and 4, in the method for preparing an ergothioneine microcapsule structure containing prebiotics, in step (b), in the granulation step, after spraying the concentrated solution on the partial surface or the entire surface of both the core layer (11) and these holes (12), an adhesion layer (13) is formed. The plurality of holes (12) and the irregular surface structure of the core layer (11) increase the adsorption amount of the adhesion layer (13). The granulation step may be a spray granulation method, and the spray granulation method is carried out by a spray dryer. The temperature inside the spray dryer and the temperature of the injection port can be adjusted according to actual needs. By the spray granulation method, in addition to obtaining free-flowing powder particles, it also prevents the medicinal activity of the medicinal components of the ergothioneine microcapsule structure containing prebiotics from being destroyed during the spray drying process. The concentrated solution contains prebiotics such as polysaccharides, polyphenols, and ergothioneine, and the weight percentages of the adhesion layer (13) and the core layer (11) are 1:0.5 to 1:2.2. In actual implementation, in addition to retaining a high content of polysaccharides, polyphenols, and ergothioneine, the time when these medicinal active ingredients are released in the human body and the concentration released into the blood are also maintained, achieving the maximum effect. The concentrated solution is, for example, a concentrated solution extracted from the dried powder of shiitake, maitake, enokitake, or flammulina velutipes, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0038] In one embodiment of the present invention, the concentrated solution is produced by a second mushroom fruiting body composed of at least one type of mushroom passing through a second grinding step, an extraction step, and a concentration step in sequence.

[0039] In the second grinding step, after adding a solvent to the second mushroom fruiting body to form a mushroom mixture, grinding is performed. The mushroom mixture contains 10 to 80 parts by weight of the mushroom fruiting body and the remaining parts by weight of the solvent per 100 parts by weight in total, and the solvent is pure water or a 20% to 95% ethanol solution. Preferably, the solvent is a 50% to 70% ethanol solution. Pure water or ethanol is a highly hydrophilic solvent. In actual implementation, pure water or an ethanol solution with a suitable concentration is selected for extraction based on different parts by weight of the mushroom fruiting body. The second mushroom fruiting body is, for example, shiitake mushroom, oyster mushroom, enoki mushroom, or other mushrooms, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0040] In the extraction step, after extracting the ground mushroom mixture by a hot water extraction step or an ultrasonic extraction step, a first extract is obtained. The required time for the extraction step is 0.5 to 24 hours. When the solvent is pure water, the hot water extraction step is performed. When the solvent is an ethanol solution, the ultrasonic extraction step is performed. By the above two extraction steps, the ground mushroom mixture is extracted at a heating temperature of 60°C to 80°C, and the required time for the extraction step is 0.5 to 24 hours to obtain a high content of active ingredients. The second extract is obtained by subjecting the first extract to a centrifugation step. The centrifugation step acts at a rotation speed of 9000 rpm (rpm is the abbreviation of Revolution(s)Per Minute) for 15 minutes in an environment where the centrifugation temperature is 4°C, and then the supernatant is collected. The supernatant is the second extract containing polysaccharide, polyphenol, and ergothioneine.

[0041] In the concentration step, the second extract is concentrated through a reduced-pressure concentration step or a heating concentration step, and the concentrated solution is obtained. In the reduced-pressure concentration step and the heating concentration step, the concentration of the second extract is respectively carried out under certain pressure, temperature, and time conditions to remove the excess solvent, and the weight of the obtained concentrated solution is 0.1 to 0.3 times the weight of the second mushroom fruit body. In the concentration step, the second extract originally extracted from the second mushroom fruit body is concentrated, and when preparing the subsequent adhesion layer (13), a certain content and concentration of active ingredients are maintained.

[0042] The main object of the present invention is to further provide an oral dosage form. The oral dosage form comprises an ergothioneine microcapsule structure (1) containing a plurality of prebiotics, and the ergothioneine microcapsule structure (1) containing the prebiotics is manufactured by a preparation method (2) of an ergothioneine microcapsule structure containing prebiotics, and the oral dosage form is selected from gelatin capsules and non-gelatin capsules. The material of the gelatin capsule can be selected from polyethylene glycol (PEG), sorbitol, glycerin, polypropylene glycol, and other polyols. The material of the non-gelatin capsule can be selected from starch, starch derivatives, cellulose, cellulose esters, cellulose ethers, nitrocellulose, cellulose triacetate, cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP), methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, hypromellose (HPMC), hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC), and hypromellose phthalate (HPMCP). In actual implementation, the ergothioneine microcapsule structure containing prebiotics according to the present invention can select oral dosage forms of different types of capsules according to the needs of the taker. For example, considering the needs such as having concerns about allergies in animal origin, religious reasons, being vegetarian, etc., an oral dosage form of a non-gelatin capsule may be adopted.

[0043] The main object of the present invention is to further provide an ergothioneine microcapsule structure containing prebiotics for preparing ergothioneine microcapsules used for improving constipation and eliminating fecal impaction.

[0044] In this test, a total of 24 volunteer subjects with constipation problems were recruited and divided into an experimental group taking the ergothioneine microcapsule structure containing the prebiotics of the present invention and a control group taking general mushroom powder capsules. The ergothioneine microcapsule structure containing the prebiotics of the present invention is composed of an attachment layer formed by spraying a concentrated solution on the surface of a core layer of mushroom fruit body particles, while general mushroom powder capsules are composed of maltodextrin and a mushroom concentrated solution. The age distribution and number of subjects in each group are 12 in total, including 2 males aged 40 - 50 years old, 2 males aged 60 - 70 years old, 4 females aged 40 - 50 years old, and 4 females aged 60 - 70 years old. Before taking the capsules, the subjects first filled out an intestinal age questionnaire form (see Table 1) and took statistics on relevant data of the defecation status. The intestinal age questionnaire form refers to the evaluation form prepared by Dr. Yoshiki Hata, the director of the Microbial Function Analysis Laboratory of the RIKEN in Japan. Next, the test period of this time was set to 4 weeks, and the capsule taking time was after breakfast and dinner. The subjects in the experimental group took 4 ergothioneine capsules of the present invention (500 mg / capsule, each containing a plurality of ergothioneine microcapsule structures containing prebiotics) every day, and the subjects in the control group took 4 general mushroom powder capsules (500 mg / capsule) every day. Four weeks after taking the capsules, the subjects in each group were asked to fill out an intestinal age questionnaire form based on their own physical sensations, and statistics on relevant data of the defecation status were taken.

[0045]

Table 1

[0046] The test results this time are the statistics of relevant data regarding defecation status. After analysis, based on the purpose of this test, questions in the intestinal age questionnaire form: question (1) It is difficult to defecate without using force, question (2) There is a feeling of incomplete evacuation after defecation, question (3) The feces are hard and it is difficult to defecate, and question (4) The feces are discharged intermittently, etc. are used as the basis for evaluating the improvement of constipation. When the subject answers "yes" to these questions, the number of "yes" answers is added, and the index value is obtained based on a mathematical formula. The mathematical formula is: the total number of all subjects in each group who answered "yes" to questions (1) to (4) / (the total number of all subjects in each group × 4 questions), and the degree of improvement is: the index value before taking the capsule - the index value after taking the capsule.

[0047] Test results Also refer to Table 2 and Figure 5 together. Table 2 shows the index values and the degree of improvement before and after taking the capsules in the experimental group and the control group, and Figure 5 is a data graph showing the results of the questionnaire survey on the defecation status before and after taking ergothioneine microcapsule structures containing prebiotics according to the present invention and general mushroom powder capsules. The X-axis indicates before and after taking the capsule, and the Y-axis indicates the index value. As can be seen from the test results, the index values of the experimental group and the control group before taking the capsule are 77% and 69% respectively. In the 4 weeks after taking the capsule, as shown in Figure 5(A), the index value of the control group after taking the general mushroom powder capsule remained at about 65%, and the degree of improvement was only 4%. However, as shown in Figure 5(B), the index value of the experimental group decreased by 27%, and the degree of improvement was 50%. The ergothioneine microcapsule structure containing prebiotics according to the present invention has a good effect on improving constipation and eliminating fecal impaction after taking. Incidentally, the movement of the human digestive organs is affected by diet and lifestyle rhythm, grows with age, the digestive organs gradually age, and causes problems of irregular defecation. The ergothioneine microcapsule structure containing prebiotics according to the present invention has a good effect on improving constipation and eliminating fecal impaction for men and women with an average age of 40 to 70 years.

[0048]

Table 2

[0049] Subsequently, for the purpose of facilitating a further understanding by the examiner of the object, features, and achieved effects of the present invention, hereinafter, taking as an example the method for preparing an ergothioneine microcapsule structure containing prebiotics according to the present invention, it is demonstrated that the ergothioneine microcapsule structure containing prebiotics prepared according to the present invention is rich in polysaccharides, polyphenols, and ergothioneine, and the actual application scope of the present invention is further proved, but the scope of the present invention is not limited in any form.

[0050] <Example 1> Different types of mushrooms were used to prepare the concentrated solution, and their ergothioneine contents were measured. Preparation flowchart: Using different types of mushrooms such as shiitake mushrooms, enoki mushrooms, king oyster mushrooms, and velvet shank mushrooms as raw materials, 1 kg of dried powder of king oyster mushrooms, velvet shank mushrooms, shiitake mushrooms, or enoki mushrooms was weighed and obtained respectively. Then, 10 L of an extraction solvent such as a 95% ethanol solution or pure water was added to each, and they were uniformly mixed for 5 minutes by a homogenizer to obtain a homogeneous solution. Using a food-grade ultrasonic extractor, under the conditions that the ultrasonic frequency is in the range of 35 KHZ, the power is 180 W, and the extraction temperature is 60 °C, the homogeneous solution was extracted for 30 to 60 minutes to obtain a first extract. The first extract was allowed to act at a rotational speed of 9000 rpm for 15 minutes in an environment with a centrifugation temperature of 4 °C, and then the supernatant was collected. The supernatant is the second extract of shiitake mushrooms, enoki mushrooms, king oyster mushrooms, and velvet shank mushrooms. The second extract was concentrated under reduced pressure to 1 L at a reduced pressure temperature of 40 °C to 60 °C by a vacuum concentrator to obtain a concentrated solution.

[0051] <Measurement of ergothioneine content> The content of ergothioneine in the concentrated solution obtained using ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography (abbreviated as UPLC) was analyzed, and quantitative analysis was performed on the ergothioneine obtained from each concentrated solution using a calibration curve prepared with ergothioneine standards of different concentrations. The analysis conditions for ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography are as follows. System: Waters acquity UPLC H-Class Detector: Photodiode Array Detector, wavelength 254 nm Column: HSS T3 (2.1 mm × 100 mm, 1.8μm) Column temperature: 35 °C Mobile phase solution: 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution Flow rate: 0.3 mL / min Sample injection volume: 10μL

[0052] Measurement results Referring to Figure 6, Figure 6 is a graph showing experimental data of preparing concentrated solutions from different types of mushrooms and measuring their ergothioneine contents. It is a graph showing data on the ergothioneine content obtained after extraction from different types of mushrooms such as shiitake, enoki, eryngii, and tamogitake with an extraction solvent such as 95% ethanol solution or pure water. From the analysis results, compared with the 95% ethanol solution, the content of ergothioneine obtained after extraction using pure water as the extraction solvent was higher. On the other hand, the ergothioneine in the concentrated solution prepared from tamogitake was the highest (about 2.3 - 5.0 g / L), followed by eryngii (about 0.5 - 1.5 g / L), and the ergothioneine contents of enoki (about 0.1 - 0.3 g / L) and shiitake (about 0.01 - 0.07 g / L) were low.

[0053] <Example 2> The ergothioneine content in concentrated solutions prepared from fresh mushrooms with different concentrations and different types of extraction solvents was analyzed. Preparation flowchart: Using different types of fresh mushrooms such as fresh shiitake mushrooms (water content 72% ± 3%) and fresh enoki mushrooms (water content 78% ± 3%) as raw materials, after weighing 1 kg of fresh shiitake mushrooms or fresh enoki mushrooms and obtaining them respectively, extraction solvents such as 2.5 L of pure water, 50% ethanol solution, 70% ethanol solution, and 95% ethanol solution were added respectively, and they were uniformly mixed for 5 minutes by a homogenizer to obtain a homogeneous liquid. Using a food-grade ultrasonic extractor, under the conditions that the ultrasonic frequency is in the range of 35 KHZ, the power is 180 W, and the extraction temperature is 60 °C, the homogeneous liquid was extracted for 30 - 60 minutes to obtain a first extract. After the first extract was allowed to act at a rotation speed of 9000 rpm for 15 minutes in an environment with a centrifugation temperature of 4 °C, the supernatant was collected, and the said supernatant is the second extract of fresh shiitake mushrooms or enoki mushrooms. The second extract was concentrated under reduced pressure by a vacuum concentrator. The concentrated liquid of shiitake mushrooms obtained at a reduced pressure temperature of 40 °C - 60 °C is 0.2 times the weight of the original fresh shiitake mushrooms, and the weight of the concentrated liquid obtained from enoki mushrooms was concentrated to 0.15 times the weight of the original fresh enoki mushrooms.

[0054] <Measurement of Ergothioneine Content> The content of ergothioneine in the concentrated liquid obtained using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (abbreviated as UPLC) was analyzed, and quantitative analysis was performed on the ergothioneine obtained from each concentrated liquid using a calibration curve prepared with ergothioneine standards of different concentrations. The analysis conditions of ultra-high performance liquid chromatography are as follows. System: Waters acquity UPLC H-Class Detector: Photodiode Array Detector, wavelength 254 nm Column: HSS T3 (2.1 mm × 100 mm, 1.8μm) Column temperature: 35 °C Mobile phase solution: 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution Flow rate: 0.3 mL / min Sample injection volume: 10μL

[0055] Measurement Results Table 3 shows the ergothioneine content data obtained after extraction from different types of mushrooms such as fresh shiitake mushrooms and fresh enoki mushrooms with extraction solvents such as 2.5 L of pure water, 50% ethanol solution, 70% ethanol solution, and 95% ethanol solution. From the analysis results, it was shown that the ergothioneine contents obtained using 50% ethanol solution and 70% ethanol solution were higher than those obtained using 95% ethanol solution and pure water, respectively.

[0056]

Table 3

[0057] <Example 3> Concentrates were prepared from different types of mushrooms, and their soluble solids, crude polysaccharide, and total polyphenol contents were measured. Preparation flowchart: Using different types of fresh mushrooms such as fresh shiitake mushrooms (water content 72% ± 3%) and fresh enoki mushrooms (water content 78% ± 3%) as raw materials, 1 kg of fresh shiitake mushrooms or fresh enoki mushrooms was weighed and obtained respectively. Then, extraction solvents such as 2.5 L of 50% ethanol solution and 70% ethanol solution were added respectively, and they were uniformly mixed for 5 minutes by a homogenizer to obtain a homogeneous solution. Using a food-grade ultrasonic extractor, under the conditions that the ultrasonic frequency was in the range of 35 KHZ, the power was 180 W, and the extraction temperature was 60 °C, the homogeneous solution was extracted for 30 - 60 minutes to obtain a first extract. After the first extract was allowed to act at a rotational speed of 9000 rpm for 15 minutes in an environment with a centrifugation temperature of 4 °C, the supernatant was collected, and the supernatant was the second extract of fresh shiitake mushrooms or fresh enoki mushrooms. The second extract was concentrated under reduced pressure by a vacuum concentrator. The concentrated solution of shiitake mushrooms obtained at a reduced pressure temperature of 40 °C - 60 °C was 0.2 times the weight of the original fresh shiitake mushrooms, and the weight of the concentrated solution obtained from enoki mushrooms was concentrated to 0.15 times the weight of the original fresh enoki mushrooms.

[0058] <Measurement of Soluble Solids, Crude Polysaccharides, and Total Polyphenol Content> 10 ml of the concentrated solutions prepared from fresh shiitake mushrooms and fresh Hericium erinaceus were each obtained, dried to a constant weight at a temperature of 50°C, and this was taken as the soluble solids content. For the measurement of the crude polysaccharide content, the crude polysaccharide content of the concentrated solutions prepared from fresh shiitake mushrooms and fresh Hericium erinaceus was analyzed by the phenol-sulfuric acid method.

[0059] Measurement Results As shown in Table 4, the soluble solids of the concentrated solution prepared from fresh Hericium erinaceus were approximately 34.9 ± 2.14 g / L, the crude polysaccharides were approximately 26.9 ± 3.26 g / L, and the total polyphenol content was approximately 2.5 ± 0.14 g / L. The soluble solids of the concentrated solution prepared from fresh shiitake mushrooms were approximately 22.7 ± 1.77 g / L, the crude polysaccharides were approximately 18.2 ± 1.76 g / L, and the total polyphenol content was approximately 3.7 ± 0.21 g / L.

[0060]

Table 4

[0061] <Example 4> A core layer having a plurality of holes was prepared from different types of fresh mushroom fruiting bodies, and the yield, ergothioneine, and crude polysaccharide content were measured. Preparation Flow Chart: Using different types of fresh mushrooms such as fresh Hericium erinaceus (water content 72% ± 3%) and fresh shiitake mushrooms (water content 78% ± 3%) as raw materials, 1 kg of fresh Hericium erinaceus or fresh shiitake mushrooms was weighed and obtained respectively. Then, fresh Hericium erinaceus and fresh shiitake mushrooms were each placed in a freezer at a temperature of -20°C to -80°C and frozen for 16 hours. The frozen fresh Hericium erinaceus and fresh shiitake mushrooms were freeze-dried by a freeze dryer. After grinding with a dry grinder, they were sieved through an 80-mesh screen mesh, and mushroom fruiting body particles (powder particle size less than 180 μm) were collected as a core layer having a plurality of holes.

[0062] <Measurement of Yield, Ergothioneine, and Crude Polysaccharide Content> The yield was measured by weighing the collected powder and calculating the weight percentage of fresh shiitake or fresh trametes versicolor per 1 kg. For the measurement of the crude polysaccharide content, the content of crude polysaccharide was analyzed by the phenol-sulfuric acid method for the concentrated solutions prepared from fresh shiitake and fresh trametes versicolor, respectively. For the analysis of the ergothioneine content, the ergothioneine content analysis was performed on the mushroom fruiting body particles obtained by ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography (abbreviated as UPLC), and quantitative analysis was performed on the ergothioneine in the mushroom fruiting body particles using a calibration curve prepared with ergothioneine standards of different concentrations. The analysis conditions for ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography are as follows. System: Waters acquity UPLC H-Class Detector: Photodiode Array Detector, wavelength 254 nm Column: HSS T3 (2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.8μm) Column temperature: 35 °C Mobile phase solution: 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution Flow rate: 0.3 mL / min Sample injection volume: 10μL

[0063] Measurement Results The yield of the mushroom fruiting body particles of trametes versicolor was 187.3±27.6 g / kg, and the contents of ergothioneine and crude polysaccharide contained were 0.57±0.04% and 37.75±1.43%, respectively. The yield of the mushroom fruiting body particles of shiitake was 262.2±41.1 g / kg, and the contents of ergothioneine and crude polysaccharide contained were 0.39±0.31% and 39.85±1.3%, respectively.

[0064] <Example 5> Preparation of Microcapsules Preparation Flowchart: Use the fruit body particles of shiitake or oyster mushrooms (powder particle size less than 180 μm) as the core layer with a plurality of pores. In the granulation step, spray the core layer powder into the air, and adhere the concentrated solutions prepared from shiitake and oyster mushrooms to the core layer by the spraying method respectively. Then, sieve through a 60-mesh screen mesh (powder particle size less than 250 μm) to obtain a microcapsule structure.

[0065] For the measurement of ergothioneine content, analyze the ergothioneine content of the microcapsule structure obtained by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (abbreviation UPLC), and perform quantitative analysis on the ergothioneine in the microcapsule structure using a calibration curve prepared with ergothioneine standard products of different concentrations. The analysis conditions of ultra-high performance liquid chromatography are as follows. System: Waters acquity UPLC H-Class Detector: Photodiode Array Detector, wavelength 254 nm Column: HSS T3 (2.1 mm × 100 mm, 1.8 μm) Column temperature: 35 °C Mobile phase solution: 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution Flow rate: 0.3 mL / min Sample injection volume: 10 μL

[0066] Measurement results As shown in Table 5, one part is set to 100 g in total. In Group 1, the microcapsule structure obtained from the concentrated solution prepared with one part of the fruit body particles of Lentinus tigrinus and one part of Pleurotus eryngii has ergothioneine of 0.69 ± 0.03%. In Group 2, the microcapsule structure obtained from the concentrated solution prepared with one part of the fruit body particles of Pleurotus eryngii and one part of Lentinus tigrinus has ergothioneine of 0.45 ± 0.02%. In Group 3, the microcapsule structure is obtained by combining one part of the fruit body particles of Lentinus tigrinus and one part of the fruit body particles of Pleurotus eryngii with the concentrated solution prepared with 0.7 parts of Lentinus tigrinus and the concentrated solution prepared with 0.7 parts of Pleurotus eryngii, and this has ergothioneine of 0.50 ± 0.04%.

[0067]

Table 5

[0068] As a conclusion, compared with the products of the prior art, the present invention has one of the following advantages. One of the objects of the present invention is to increase the surface area or filling dosage of the adhesion layer by means of a microcapsule structure in which a core layer formed of fruit body particles of mushrooms and an adhesion layer containing a polysaccharide, a polyphenol, and ergothioneine are formed on the surface or pores of the core layer, so as to increase the contents of the polysaccharide, the polyphenol, and the ergothioneine richly contained in each of the microcapsule structures, ensure the concentration of the medicinal active ingredient in which the microcapsule structure has a health care effect on the human body, and solve the disadvantages that a large amount of edible mushrooms were required in the past, which was inconvenient, and excessive intake would occur.

[0069] One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a method of using ergothioneine microcapsules for improving constipation and eliminating fecal impaction. The present invention has a microcapsule structure in which a core layer formed of mushroom fruit body particles, and an adhesion layer containing a polysaccharide, a polyphenol, and ergothioneine is formed on the surface or pores of the core layer. By this structure, the manufacturer can adjust the concentration of the medicinal active ingredient in the microcapsules themselves based on a specific group, the number of times of administration, or the administration interval, and can meet the needs of each age group with different physiological conditions.

[0070] One of the objectives of the present invention is to select the order of a specific preparation flowchart by a method for preparing an ergothioneine microcapsule structure containing prebiotics, control the ratio of the weight of the adhesion layer to the weight of the core layer to 1:0.5 to 1:2.2, retain a high content of polysaccharide, polyphenol, and ergothioneine, and maintain the time when these medicinal active ingredients are released into the human body and the concentration released into the blood, so as to achieve the maximum effect.

[0071] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications are possible within the scope shown in the claims. Embodiments obtained by appropriately combining the technical means disclosed in different embodiments are also included in the technical scope of the present invention.

Explanation of Reference Numerals

[0072] 1 Ergothioneine microcapsule structure containing prebiotics 11 Core layer 12 Pores 13 Adhesion layer a Step b Step A-A’ Tangent line 2 Method for preparing ergothioneine microcapsule structure containing prebiotics

Claims

1. It is used for the preparation of ergothioneine microcapsule structure (1) containing prebiotics, and the average particle size of the ergothioneine microcapsule structure (1) containing prebiotics is 180 μm to 250 μm. A method (2) for preparing an ergothioneine microcapsule structure containing prebiotics, comprising: providing at least one first mushroom fruit body particle as a core layer (11), wherein the core layer (11) has a plurality of pores (12), the core layer (11) contains ergothioneine, and the core layer (11) is an irregular structure, a sphere, an ellipsoid, a cylinder, or a polyhedron, and these pores (12) are either communicated with each other, not communicated, partially communicated, or partially not communicated (step (a)); In the granulation step, an adhesion layer (13) is formed after spraying a concentrated solution on a partial surface or the entire surface of both the core layer (11) and these pores (12). The concentrated solution contains a polysaccharide, a polyphenol, and ergothioneine. The ratio of the weight of the adhesion layer (13) to the weight of the core layer (11) is 1:0.5 to 1:2.2 (step (b)). The mushroom fruit body particles are produced after the first mushroom fruit body sequentially undergoes a freeze-drying step and a dry grinding step. The first mushroom fruit body uses fresh mushrooms of Pleurotus eryngii or Grifola frondosa as raw materials, and the particle size of the first mushroom fruit body particles is less than 180 μm. The concentrated solution is produced by the second mushroom fruit body sequentially undergoing a second grinding step, an extraction step, and a concentration step. The second mushroom fruit body uses fresh mushrooms of Pleurotus eryngii or Grifola frondosa as raw materials. The freeze-drying step freezes the first mushroom fruit body at a freezing temperature of -20 °C to -80 °C by a vacuum method. A method for preparing an ergothioneine microcapsule structure containing prebiotics, characterized in that.

2. In the second grinding step, a solvent is added to the second mushroom fruit body to form a mushroom mixture and then ground. The mushroom mixture contains 10 to 80 parts by weight of the mushroom fruit body and the remaining parts by weight of the solvent in a total of 100 parts by weight. The solvent is pure water or a 20% to 95% ethanol solution. The method for preparing an ergothioneine microcapsule structure containing prebiotics according to Claim 1, characterized in that.

3. In the extraction step, after the pulverized mushroom mixture is extracted through a hot water extraction step or an ultrasonic extraction step, a first extract is obtained. The required time for the extraction step is 0.5 to 24 hours. After the first extract passes through a centrifugation step, the supernatant is collected, and the supernatant is the second extract. The method for preparing an ergothioneine microcapsule structure containing prebiotics according to claim 2, characterized in that.

4. In the concentration step, after the second extract is concentrated through a vacuum concentration step or a heating concentration step, the concentrated liquid is obtained. The ratio of the weight of the concentrated liquid to the weight of the second mushroom fruiting body is in the range of 0.1 to 0.

3. The method for preparing an ergothioneine microcapsule structure containing prebiotics according to claim 3, characterized in that.

5. In the dry grinding step, the first mushroom fruiting body after freezing is ground into the mushroom fruiting body particles by a dry grinding technique. The method for preparing an ergothioneine microcapsule structure containing prebiotics according to claim 4, characterized in that.

6. The mushroom fruiting body particles are obtained by further sieving with a first screen mesh, and the mesh size of the first screen mesh is 80 mesh. The method for preparing an ergothioneine microcapsule structure containing prebiotics according to claim 5, characterized in that.

7. The ergothioneine microcapsule structure (1) containing prebiotics is obtained by further sieving with a second screen mesh, and the mesh size of the second screen mesh is 60 mesh. The method for preparing an ergothioneine microcapsule structure containing prebiotics according to claim 6, characterized in that.

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