Calculation device for greenhouse gas emissions of vehicle parts, method for calculating greenhouse gas emissions of vehicle parts, and program

Abstract

To provide a vehicle component greenhouse gas emission calculation device calculating greenhouse gas emission corresponding to individual components composing an automobile, a vehicle component greenhouse gas emission calculation method, and a program.SOLUTION: In a greenhouse gas emission calculation system, a processor 112 includes: a first emission calculation part 112b calculating first emission to be greenhouse gas emission when a vehicle is manufactured; a second emission calculation part 112c calculating a second emission to be greenhouse gas emission when the vehicle has traveled a scheduled travel distance; a recycling effect amount calculation part 112d calculating a recycling effect amount when materials of components composing the vehicle are reused as materials; a lifetime emission calculation part 112e calculating lifetime emission to be greenhouse gas emission in a lifetime of the vehicle by summing up the first emission, the second emission and the recycling effect amount; and a third emission calculation part 112f calculating the greenhouse gas emission of an object component.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a calculation device for greenhouse gas emissions of vehicle parts, a calculation method for greenhouse gas emissions of vehicle parts, and a program.

Background Art

[0002] Recently, from the perspective of preventing global warming, it has become more important to suppress the emission of greenhouse gases. In such a situation, the emergence of electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, etc., which emit less greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2) than conventional internal combustion engine-powered vehicles, is expected to reduce the amount of greenhouse gases emitted from vehicles during driving. In addition, by adopting materials with excellent weight reduction properties such as aluminum and carbon as materials for constructing vehicles, it is expected to reduce the amount of greenhouse gases emitted from vehicles during driving.

[0003] For example, Non-Patent Document 1 below describes calculating the amount of CO2 during driving for each part by precisely allocating fuel to the parts.

Prior Art Documents

Non-Patent Documents

[0004]

Non-Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] Considering the life cycle of automobiles, in order to reduce the total amount of greenhouse gas emissions into the earth's environment, it is not sufficient to focus only on reducing greenhouse gas emissions during the use (driving) of vehicles as described above. It is necessary to reduce the total amount of greenhouse gas emissions including "1. Greenhouse gas emissions generated during the manufacture of materials constituting automobiles", "2. Greenhouse gas emissions generated during the manufacture of automobiles", "3. Greenhouse gas emissions generated during the use of automobiles", and "4. Greenhouse gas emissions generated during the disposal of automobiles".

[0006] When designing an automobile, it is required to make the automobile capable of reducing the total amount of greenhouse gas emissions. For this purpose, it is desirable to calculate the amount of greenhouse gas emissions corresponding to each individual part constituting the automobile and optimize the material or weight of the part to reduce the amount of greenhouse gas emissions.

[0007] However, the method described in Non-Patent Document 1 has problems that complex calculations are required to precisely allocate fuel to parts and that greenhouse gas emissions during recycling are not assumed. For this reason, it is difficult to reduce the amount of greenhouse gas emissions in the life cycle of a vehicle by optimizing the material or weight of parts.

[0008] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a calculation device for greenhouse gas emissions of vehicle parts, a method for calculating greenhouse gas emissions of vehicle parts, and a program that can calculate the amount of greenhouse gas emissions corresponding to each individual part constituting an automobile and optimize the material or weight of the part.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0009] The gist of the present disclosure is as follows. (1) A first emission amount calculation unit that calculates a first emission amount, which is the amount of greenhouse gas emissions when the vehicle is manufactured, based on the materials and masses of the parts constituting the vehicle and the amount of greenhouse gas emissions per unit mass during manufacture for each predetermined material. Based on the consumption of the energy source during driving predetermined according to the specifications of the vehicle, the planned driving distance of the vehicle's life, and the greenhouse gas emission amount per unit amount during the production and consumption of the energy source, a second emission amount calculation unit that calculates a second emission amount which is the greenhouse gas emission amount when the vehicle travels the planned driving distance; Based on the materials and masses of the components constituting the vehicle and the recycling effect amount per unit mass during reuse for each predetermined material, a recycling effect amount calculation unit that calculates the recycling effect amount when the materials of the components constituting the vehicle are reused as materials; A lifetime emission amount calculation unit that sums up the first emission amount, the second emission amount, and the recycling effect amount to calculate a lifetime emission amount which is the greenhouse gas emission amount in the life of the vehicle; A third emission amount calculation unit that calculates the greenhouse gas emission amount of the target component by subtracting the lifetime emission amount calculated when the vehicle is the second vehicle obtained by removing a specific target component from the first vehicle from the lifetime emission amount calculated when the vehicle is the first vehicle; A calculation device for the greenhouse gas emission amount of vehicle components, comprising:

[0010] (2) Further comprising a parameter influence analysis unit that obtains a function representing the relationship between a parameter related to the greenhouse gas emission amount of the target component and the greenhouse gas emission amount per unit mass of the target component, and calculates the greenhouse gas emission amount of the target component when the parameter is changed. The calculation device for the greenhouse gas emission amount of vehicle components according to (1) above.

[0011] (3) The parameter influence analysis unit obtains a linear function representing the relationship between the greenhouse gas emission amount per unit mass for each material and the greenhouse gas emission amount per unit mass of the target component based on the correlation between the mass of the target component and the greenhouse gas emission amount of the target component, and calculates the greenhouse gas emission amount of the target component when the greenhouse gas emission amount per unit mass for each material is changed based on the linear function. The calculation device for the greenhouse gas emission amount of vehicle components according to (2) above.

[0012] (4) The first emission amount calculation unit further calculates the first emission amount based on the greenhouse gas emission amount predetermined for each processing step when manufacturing the component from the material, or the greenhouse gas emission amount predetermined for each assembly step when assembling the component. The calculation device for the greenhouse gas emission amount of the vehicle component according to any one of (1) to (3) above.

[0013] (5) A step of calculating a first emission amount, which is the greenhouse gas emission amount when the vehicle is manufactured, based on the materials and masses of the components constituting the vehicle and the greenhouse gas emission amount per unit mass during manufacturing for each predetermined material. A step of calculating a second emission amount, which is the greenhouse gas emission amount when the vehicle travels the planned travel distance, based on the consumption amount of the energy source during travel predetermined based on the specifications of the vehicle, the planned travel distance of the vehicle's life, and the greenhouse gas emission amount per unit amount during production and consumption of the energy source. A step of calculating the recycling effect amount when the materials of the components constituting the vehicle are reused as raw materials, based on the materials and masses of the components constituting the vehicle and the recycling effect amount per unit mass during reuse for each predetermined material. A step of calculating a lifetime emission amount, which is the greenhouse gas emission amount in the lifetime of the vehicle, by adding up the first emission amount, the second emission amount, and the recycling effect amount. A step of calculating the greenhouse gas emission amount of the target component by subtracting the lifetime emission amount calculated when the vehicle is the second vehicle obtained by removing a specific target component from the first vehicle from the lifetime emission amount calculated when the vehicle is the first vehicle. Comprising Executed on a processor A method for calculating the greenhouse gas emission amount of vehicle components.

[0014] (6) Means for calculating a first emission amount, which is the greenhouse gas emission amount when the vehicle is manufactured, based on the materials and masses of the components constituting the vehicle and the greenhouse gas emission amount per unit mass during manufacturing for each predetermined material. Means for calculating a second emission amount, which is the emission amount of greenhouse gases when the vehicle has traveled the planned travel distance, based on the consumption amount of the energy source during driving predetermined based on the specifications of the vehicle, the planned travel distance of the vehicle's life, and the greenhouse gas emission amount per unit amount during production and consumption of the energy source. Means for calculating the recycling effect amount when the material of the parts constituting the vehicle is reused, based on the material and mass of the parts constituting the vehicle and the recycling effect amount per unit mass at the time of reuse for each predetermined material. Means for calculating the lifetime emission amount, which is the emission amount of greenhouse gases in the lifetime of the vehicle, by adding up the first emission amount, the second emission amount, and the recycling effect amount. Means for calculating the greenhouse gas emission amount of the target part by subtracting the lifetime emission amount calculated when the vehicle is the second vehicle obtained by removing a specific target part from the first vehicle from the lifetime emission amount calculated when the vehicle is the first vehicle. A program for causing a computer to function as such.

Effects of the Invention

[0015] According to the present invention, it becomes possible to calculate the amount of greenhouse gases corresponding to individual parts constituting an automobile, and an optimal material composition for reducing the amount of greenhouse gases can be embodied.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0016]

Figure 1A

Figure 1B

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

Figure 9

Figure 10

Figure 11

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0017] The greenhouse gas emissions of a vehicle need to be considered over the entire life cycle of the vehicle, including not only during driving (use) but also during manufacturing and recycling. The inventors have obtained the knowledge that by evaluating the greenhouse gas emissions over the entire life cycle of a vehicle, the lightweighting of the vehicle body by utilizing high-tensile steel materials is effective in achieving both the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions during manufacturing, driving, and recycling in the life cycle (lifetime) of the vehicle.

[0018] Furthermore, the inventors assumed that this finding is applicable not only to the entire automobile but also to individual parts that make up the automobile. Taking "reduction of greenhouse gas emissions" as one perspective, they intensively studied the development of a quantification tool for greenhouse gas emissions, and came up with a method for calculating the greenhouse gas emissions of an automobile body (monocoque body) based on the concept shown in FIG. 1A. Also, the inventors extended the concept of calculating the greenhouse gas emissions of the vehicle body from the perspective shown in FIG. 1A to any automobile part, and came up with a method for calculating the greenhouse gas emissions of an automobile part based on the concept shown in FIG. 1B. Furthermore, in order to easily compare materials, a method for simply calculating the greenhouse gas emissions from the relationship between the weight of each material and greenhouse gases was studied. Note that the greenhouse gas emissions are specifically carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2 equivalent: unit is [kgCO2eq]) and are expressed as CO2 equivalent mass. The CO2 equivalent mass is calculated by weighting CO2 (global warming potential: 1) and gases other than CO2, such as methane CH4 (the greenhouse effect per unit mass is 25 times that of CO2: global warming potential 25), nitrous oxide N2O (the greenhouse effect per unit mass is 298 times that of CO2: global warming potential 298), with the global warming potential and then converting to the mass in terms of CO2.

[0019] FIG. 1A is a diagram showing the basic concept of calculating the greenhouse gas emissions of vehicle parts according to the present embodiment. Hereinafter, carbon dioxide (CO2) is exemplified as the greenhouse gas. FIG. 1A shows the case where the part for which the greenhouse gas emissions are calculated is the automobile body. As shown in FIG. 1A, the total greenhouse gas emissions of the vehicle 10 in its life cycle are calculated. Also, the greenhouse gas emissions of the virtual vehicle 12 excluding the vehicle body 14 in the life cycle of the vehicle 10 are calculated. Then, by subtracting the greenhouse gas emissions of the virtual vehicle 12 excluding the vehicle body 14 from the total greenhouse gas emissions of the vehicle 10, the greenhouse gas emissions of the vehicle body 14 in its life cycle are calculated.

[0020] FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram showing a case where the component for which greenhouse gas emissions are calculated is the bumper 16 of an automobile. As shown in FIG. 1B, the total greenhouse gas emissions of the vehicle 10 in its life cycle are calculated. Also, the greenhouse gas emissions in the life cycle of the virtual vehicle 18 excluding the bumper 16 among the vehicle 10 are calculated. Then, the greenhouse gas emissions in the life cycle of the bumper 16 are calculated by subtracting the greenhouse gas emissions of the virtual vehicle 18 excluding the bumper 16 from the total greenhouse gas emissions of the vehicle 10.

[0021] For the calculation of the life cycle emissions of greenhouse gases, the publicly available tool (Life Cycle Energy and Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Assessments of Automotive Material Substitution) created by WorldAutoSteel (WAS) was used. WAS is an automotive division of the World Steel Association and is composed of 17 steel manufacturers worldwide. With this tool, it is possible to calculate the greenhouse gas emissions during the manufacturing, use (driving), and recycling of automobiles. In this tool, it is assumed that the recycling effect is considered and the amount of scrap accumulated is constant. Note that the tool of WAS is just an example, and the life cycle emissions of greenhouse gases may be calculated using other calculation programs.

[0022] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the greenhouse gas emissions calculation system 100 according to the present embodiment. This system 100 includes a control device 110, an input unit 120, a storage device 130, and an output unit 140.

[0023] The control device 110 includes a processor 112, a memory 114, and a communication interface 116. The processor 112 includes one or more CPUs (Central Processing Units) and its peripheral circuits. The processor 112 may further include other arithmetic circuits such as a logical arithmetic unit, a numerical arithmetic unit, or a graphic processing unit. The memory 114 includes, for example, a volatile semiconductor memory and a non-volatile semiconductor memory. The communication interface 116 includes an interface circuit for connecting the control device 110 to a network within the system 100 or a communication network external to the system 100.

[0024] The input unit 120 is a component into which various information related to the vehicle is input by a user's operation, and specifically includes a user interface such as a mouse, a keyboard, and a touch sensor.

[0025] The storage device 130 includes, for example, a hard disk device or an optical recording medium and its access device. Note that the storage device 130 may store a computer program for executing a process executed on the processor 112.

[0026] The output unit 140 is a component that outputs a calculation result by the system 100, and specifically includes a display device such as an LCD.

[0027] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing functional blocks of the processor 112 of the control device 110. The processor 112 of the control device 110 is an aspect of a calculation device for the greenhouse gas emissions of vehicle parts, and includes an acquisition unit 112a, a first emissions calculation unit 112b, a second emissions calculation unit 112c, a recycling effect amount calculation unit 112d, a lifetime emissions calculation unit 112e, a third emissions calculation unit 112f, a parameter impact analysis unit 112g, and a calculation result output unit 112h. Each of these units included in the processor 112 is a functional module realized by, for example, a computer program operating on the processor 112. That is, each of these units included in the processor 112 is composed of the processor 112 and a program (software) for operating it. Further, the program may be recorded in the memory 114 provided in the control device 110 or a recording medium connected externally. Alternatively, each of these units included in the processor 112 may be a dedicated arithmetic circuit provided in the processor 112.

[0028] The acquisition unit 112a of the processor 112 acquires various information input to the input unit 120 from the input unit 120.

[0029] The first emissions calculation unit 112b of the processor 112 calculates a first emissions amount, which is the greenhouse gas emissions amount when the vehicle is manufactured, based on the materials and masses of the parts constituting the vehicle and the greenhouse gas emissions amount per unit mass during manufacturing for each predetermined material.

[0030] The materials and masses of the parts constituting the vehicle are input from the input unit 120 by the user for each individual part constituting the vehicle. Alternatively, the materials and masses of the parts constituting the vehicle may be stored in advance in the memory 114 or the storage device 130 for each vehicle (each vehicle model). When using the tools of WAS, for a specific vehicle, since the materials and masses of the parts constituting the vehicle are set in advance as default values, these values may be used.

[0031] For example, materials for components constituting a vehicle include steel plates, bar and wire materials, cast iron, aluminum plates (AL plates), aluminum extrusions (AL extrusions), aluminum castings (AL castings), CFRP, resins, and the like. The first emission amount calculation unit 112b calculates the first emission amount based on the mass of each of these materials for components constituting the vehicle and the greenhouse gas emission amount per unit mass during manufacturing for each material.

[0032] The greenhouse gas emission amount per unit mass during manufacturing for each material is the global warming potential (GWP) for each material, which is a value determined for each material representing the amount (kg) of greenhouse gas emitted when manufacturing 1 kg of the material. For example, when the material is iron (converter slag), the GWP is set to 2.08. Also, for example, when the material is an aluminum ingot, the GWP is set to 10.70. The GWP during manufacturing for each of these materials may be input from the input unit 120 by the user, or may be stored in advance in the memory 114 or the storage device 130.

[0033] Based on the materials and masses of components constituting the vehicle, the manufacturing amount for each material is obtained based on the manufacturing yield. For example, if the mass of a carbon steel sheet metal component of a vehicle is 605 kg and the manufacturing yield is 55%, the mass of carbon steel required to manufacture the vehicle is 605 / 0.55 = 1100 [kg]. Therefore, more specifically, the first emission amount calculation unit 112b obtains the manufacturing amount for each material based on the mass and manufacturing yield for each material of components constituting the vehicle, and multiplies this by the greenhouse gas emission amount per unit mass to calculate the first emission amount. The manufacturing yield for each material may be input from the input unit 120 by the user, or may be stored in advance in the memory 114 or the storage device 130. The manufacturing yield for each material may be a different value depending on the region (country).

[0034] The first emission amount calculation unit 112b calculates the first emission amount by multiplying the manufacturing amount and the GWP for each material of components constituting the vehicle. When a component is composed of a plurality of materials, the first emission amount is calculated based on the breakdown of the mass of each material of the component and the GWP of each material.

[0035] Further, the first emission amount calculation unit 112b further calculates the first emission amount based on the greenhouse gas emission amount predetermined for each processing step when manufacturing (processing) parts from materials, or the greenhouse gas emission amount predetermined for each assembly step when assembling parts. For example, the greenhouse gas emission amount of the processing step for manufacturing steel castings is set at 0.14 kg per 1 kg of parts. Also, the greenhouse gas emission amount of the processing step for manufacturing aluminum extrusions is set at 0.73 kg per 1 kg of parts.

[0036] The second emission amount calculation unit 112c of the processor 112 calculates the second emission amount, which is the greenhouse gas emission amount when the vehicle travels the planned mileage, based on the consumption amount of the energy source during driving predetermined based on the specifications of the vehicle, the planned mileage of the vehicle's life, and the greenhouse gas emission amount per unit amount during production and consumption of the energy source.

[0037] The consumption amount of the energy source during driving is the amount of energy consumed for the vehicle to travel the planned mileage, which is determined for each vehicle class (vehicle type) of the vehicle. The planned mileage of the vehicle is set in advance to 100,000 km, for example, and is stored in the memory 114 in advance. The consumption amount of the energy source is determined according to the vehicle class (compact car, mid-size, SUV, etc.), vehicle weight, drive method (engine vehicle, hybrid vehicle, electric vehicle, etc.), and type of energy source (gasoline, diesel, hydrogen, electricity, etc., or a combination thereof).

[0038] For example, when the vehicle class is a compact car, the vehicle weight is about 1260 kg, the drive type is an engine vehicle, and the type of energy source is gasoline, the energy consumption of the energy source during driving is set to 167.6 (MJ / 100 km). Based on this, when the vehicle weight is changed in the same vehicle class, the change amount of the energy consumption when the vehicle weight changes by a unit mass, which is predetermined according to the vehicle class and the like, is added to or subtracted from the energy consumption of the reference energy source, and the energy consumption of the energy source during driving for the vehicle with the changed vehicle weight is calculated. For example, when the vehicle class is a compact car, the drive type is an engine vehicle, and the type of energy source is gasoline, the change amount of the energy consumption when the vehicle weight changes by a unit mass is set to 7.8 MJ / 100 km·100 kg). Basically, the larger the vehicle class and the heavier the vehicle weight, the greater the energy consumption of the energy source. Regarding the drive type, among the three examples described above, the energy consumption of the electric vehicle is the least, and it increases in the order of hybrid vehicle and engine vehicle. The energy consumption of the energy source according to the vehicle class, drive type, and type of energy, and the change amount of the energy consumption when the vehicle weight changes by a unit mass, which is predetermined according to the vehicle class and the like, are stored in the memory 114 or the storage 30 in advance.

[0039] The greenhouse gas emissions per unit amount during the production and consumption of the energy source are stored in the memory 114 or the storage 30 in advance. For example, when the type of energy is gasoline, the greenhouse gas emissions per unit amount during production are 15.7 kg, and the greenhouse gas emissions per unit amount during use are 72.0 kg. Also, when the type of energy is electricity, the greenhouse gas emissions per unit amount during manufacturing are 184.0 kg (in the case of Japan), and the greenhouse gas emissions per unit amount during use are 0 kg. Note that the unit amount corresponds to, for example, the amount that generates 1 MJ of energy.

[0040] In addition, when the energy source is electricity, since the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the International Energy Agency (IEA), etc. announce the CO2 emissions per kilowatt of power generation by country, the greenhouse gas emissions per unit amount during the production of the energy source are predetermined based on this and stored in the memory 114.

[0041] The second emissions calculation unit 112c obtains the consumption amount of the energy source during driving predetermined based on the vehicle specifications (such as vehicle class, vehicle weight, drive method, and type of energy) representing the vehicle specifications input by the user to the input unit 120, and based on the consumption amount of the energy source, the planned driving distance of the vehicle's life, and the greenhouse gas emissions per unit amount during the production and consumption of the energy source, calculates the second emissions.

[0042] The recycling effect amount calculation unit 112d of the processor 112 calculates the recycling effect amount when the materials of the components constituting the vehicle are reused as materials based on the materials and masses of the components constituting the vehicle and the predetermined recycling effect amount per unit mass at the time of reuse for each material. Note that the recycling effect amount represents the reduction amount of greenhouse gas emissions when recycled materials are used as materials compared to when new materials are used as materials. For this reason, the recycling effect amount per unit mass is a negative value.

[0043] The recycling effect amount per unit mass at the time of reuse for each material is predetermined and stored in the memory 114 or the storage device 130 in advance. For example, the recycling effect amount per unit mass (1 kg) at the time of reusing iron is about -1.6 kg. Also, the recycling effect amount per unit mass (1 kg) of aluminum is about -10.2 kg. The recycling effect amount calculation unit 112d calculates the recycling effect amount for each material by multiplying the recycling amount by the recycling effect amount per unit mass for each material.

[0044] Based on the materials and masses of the components that make up a vehicle, the recycling amount for each material is determined based on the recycling rate (recovery yield). For example, in the above example where the mass of the carbon steel sheet metal parts of a vehicle is 605 kg and the mass of carbon steel required to manufacture the vehicle is 1100 [kg], when the recycling rate of carbon steel is 57%, the recycling amount of carbon steel is 1100 × 0.57 = 627 kg. Assuming that the recycling effect amount per unit mass (1 kg) during the reuse of iron is -1.6 kg, the recycling effect amount of carbon steel is 627 × (-1.6) = -1003.2 kg. The value of the recycling rate for each material may be input from the input unit 120 by the user, or may be stored in advance in the memory 114 or the storage device 130. The recycling rate for each material may be a different value depending on the region (country). Also, the recycling rate for each material may be a different value depending on the type of scrap (processed scrap, obsolete scrap).

[0045] The lifetime emission calculation unit 112e of the processor 112 calculates the lifetime emissions, which are the greenhouse gas emissions over the lifetime of the vehicle, by adding up the first emissions, the second emissions, and the recycling effect amount.

[0046] The third emission calculation unit 112f of the processor 112 calculates the greenhouse gas emissions of the target component by subtracting the lifetime emissions calculated when the vehicle is a second vehicle (the virtual vehicles 12, 18 shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B) from which a specific target component has been removed from the first vehicle (the vehicle 10 shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B) from the lifetime emissions calculated when the vehicle is an arbitrary first vehicle (the vehicle 10 shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B).

[0047] For example, in the example shown in FIG. 1A, the target component is the vehicle body 14, the vehicle 10 corresponds to the first vehicle, and the virtual vehicle 12 corresponds to the second vehicle. Also, in the example shown in FIG. 1B, the target component is the bumper 16, the vehicle 10 corresponds to the first vehicle, and the virtual vehicle 18 corresponds to the second vehicle.

[0048] As described above, the total life cycle greenhouse gas emissions of a vehicle are calculated by adding the first emissions, which are the greenhouse gas emissions during vehicle manufacturing, the second emissions, which are the greenhouse gas emissions during vehicle use, and the recycling effect amount during vehicle recycling. Then, the greenhouse gas emissions of the target part are calculated by subtracting the life cycle emissions calculated when the vehicle is the second vehicle obtained by removing a specific target part from the first vehicle from the life cycle emissions calculated when the vehicle is an arbitrary first vehicle.

[0049] Therefore, for each individual target part that makes up a vehicle, it is possible to calculate the greenhouse gas emissions. Thus, for example, at the vehicle design stage, by reducing the mass of parts with high greenhouse gas emissions or by not using parts with high greenhouse gas emissions, it becomes possible to construct a vehicle with reduced greenhouse gas emissions.

[0050] Figures 4, 5, and 6 are characteristic diagrams showing an example of the relationship between the greenhouse gas emissions calculated by the above method and the mass of a plurality of target parts with different materials and masses, and are diagrams showing the results calculated by changing the GWP for each material. Here, at each of the manufacturing, use, and recycling times, the first emissions of the target part (the emissions corresponding to the target part in the first emissions), the second emissions of the target part (the emissions corresponding to the target part in the second emissions), and the recycling effect amount of the target part (the recycling effect amount corresponding to the target part in the recycling effect amount) are calculated by subtracting the value calculated when the vehicle is the second vehicle obtained by removing a specific target part from the first vehicle from the value calculated when the vehicle is an arbitrary first vehicle. Figure 4 shows the first emissions of the target part at the time of manufacturing, Figure 5 shows the second emissions of the target part at the time of use, and Figure 6 shows the recycling effect amount of the target part at the time of recycling.

[0051] In Fig. 4, characteristics A1 to A3 are the characteristics when the material of the target part is aluminum. Characteristic A1 shows the case when the GWP is 25.0 [kgCO2eq / kg], characteristic A2 shows the case when the GWP is 16.4 [kgCO2eq / kg], and characteristic A3 shows the case when the GWP is 3.0 [kgCO2eq / kg]. Also, characteristics S1 to S3 are the characteristics when the material is iron. Characteristic S1 shows the case when the GWP is 3.0 [kgCO2eq / kg], characteristic S2 shows the case when the GWP is 2.08 [kgCO2eq / kg], and characteristic S3 shows the case when the GWP is 1.5 [kgCO2eq / kg].

[0052] As shown in Fig. 4, it can be seen that the emission amount of greenhouse gases is proportional to the mass of the target part. Also, the larger the GWP, the larger the emission amount of greenhouse gases. If the GWP of the new materials of iron and aluminum is the same, the emission amounts of greenhouse gases are almost the same. As long as the GWP of the new aluminum ingot is not less than the GWP of the steel slab, iron is more advantageous than aluminum in terms of reducing the emission of greenhouse gases.

[0053] Also, as shown in Fig. 5, the emission amount of greenhouse gases during driving becomes the same value for both iron and aluminum depending on the mass of the target part.

[0054] In Fig. 6, characteristics A11 to A13 are the characteristics when the material of the target part is aluminum. Characteristic A11 shows the case when the GWP is 25.0 [kgCO2eq / kg], characteristic A12 shows the case when the GWP is 16.4 [kgCO2eq / kg], and characteristic A13 shows the case when the GWP is 3.0 [kgCO2eq / kg]. Also, characteristics S11 to S13 are the characteristics when the material is iron. Characteristic S11 shows the case when the GWP is 3.0 [kgCO2eq / kg], characteristic S12 shows the case when the GWP is 2.08 [kgCO2eq / kg], and characteristic S13 shows the case when the GWP is 1.5 [kgCO2eq / kg].

[0055] In the calculation of Fig. 6, the recycling effect of processing scraps is considered. As described above, by multiplying the mass of the material of the part by the recycling rate, the recycled amount of the material is calculated. Since the greater the GWP, the greater the recycling effect, the greenhouse gas emissions tend to be small. Also, even if the GWP of new materials of iron and aluminum is the same, the recycling effect of iron tends to be greater than that of aluminum. This is due to the fact that the recycling rate (recycling yield) of steel sheets is higher than that of aluminum sheets.

[0056] Using the results of Figs. 4 to 6, in order to consider the greenhouse gas emissions of steel sheet parts (mass m steel ) and aluminum sheet parts (mass m AL ), considering the change in GWP value and the change in recycling rate R recycle , modeling was performed by linear approximation, and the following simple calculation formula for CO2 emissions of automotive parts was obtained. Note that M production shown below is obtained by linearly approximating the characteristics of Fig. 4, M use is obtained by linearly approximating the characteristics of Fig. 5, and M EoL is obtained by linearly approximating the characteristics of Fig. 6.

[0057] (Steel sheet) M production =(1.2275 [Steel slab GWP value] + 1.1926) * m steel M use =6.8128 m steel M EoL =R recycle (-1.0315 [Steel slab GWP value] + 0.49513) * m steel Assuming the recycling rate is 90%, the greenhouse gas emissions M LCA,steel of steel sheet parts over the entire life cycle can be calculated as follows. M LCA,steel =M production +M use +M EoL =(0.296 [Steel slab GWP value] + 8.4525) m steel

[0058] (Aluminum plate) M production =(1.1701[GWP value of aluminum ingot]+1.348)*m AL M use =6.8128m AL M EoL =R recycle (-0.9114[GWP value of aluminum ingot]+0.46553)*m AL Assuming a recycling rate of 79%, the greenhouse gas emissions M of the aluminum plate parts over the entire life cycle LCA,AL can be calculated as follows. M LCA,AL =M production +M use +M EoL =(0.451[GWP value of aluminum ingot]+8.5281)*m AL

[0059] Figure 7 is a characteristic diagram showing the changes in the GWP values of M LCA,steel and M LCA,AL . In the assumed GWP range, the greenhouse gas emissions per kilogram of the steel plate parts are smaller than those of the aluminum parts per kilogram. That is, it can be seen that using high-tensile steel plates to realize parts of the same weight as aluminum is superior in terms of greenhouse gas reduction performance. Regarding the global warming potential (GWP) during the production of steel slabs, it is preferably about 1.5 - 2.18. Also, regarding the global warming potential (GWP) during the production of new aluminum ingots, it is preferably about 4.9 - 23.3.

[0060] The parameter impact analysis unit 112g of the processor 112 acquires a function representing the relationship between the parameters related to the greenhouse gas emissions of the target parts and the greenhouse gas emissions per unit mass of the target parts, and calculates the greenhouse gas emissions of the target parts when the parameters are changed.

[0061] More specifically, the parameter impact analysis unit 112g obtains a linear function representing the relationship between the greenhouse gas emissions per unit mass for each material and the greenhouse gas emissions per unit mass of the target component based on the correlation between the mass of the target component and the greenhouse gas emissions of the target component, and calculates the greenhouse gas emissions of the target component when the greenhouse gas emissions per unit mass for each material are changed based on the linear function.

[0062] The global warming potential (GWP) may vary depending on the region (country) where the vehicle is manufactured, the region where the vehicle is recycled, etc. For this reason, the parameter impact analysis unit 112g obtains the characteristics shown in FIGS. 4 to 7 and analyzes the impact when parameters such as the global warming potential (GWP) are changed.

[0063] For example, the parameter impact analysis unit 112g calculates the third emissions for each target component composed of different materials and masses, and obtains in advance the characteristics shown in FIG. 7. Then, when calculating the greenhouse gas emissions of the target component, when the GWP value of the material of the target component is appropriately changed, the greenhouse gas emissions per kilogram of the target component can be obtained according to the changed GWP, and the greenhouse gas emissions of the target component are calculated by multiplying this by the mass of the target component.

[0064] Also, parameters such as the above-described manufacturing yield and recycling yield (recycling rate) may vary depending on the region (country). The parameter impact analysis unit 112g obtains the characteristics shown in FIGS. 4 to 7 according to the values of the manufacturing yield and recycling yield. Also, although steel plate components and aluminum plate components are illustrated in FIGS. 4 to 7, the parameter impact analysis unit 112g obtains in advance characteristics similar to those in FIGS. 4 to 7 for each material of the components constituting the vehicle, such as steel plates, bar and wire materials, cast iron, aluminum plates (AL plates), aluminum extrusions (AL extrusions), aluminum castings (AL castings), CFRP, and resins.

[0065] Furthermore, as described above, since the second emission amount varies depending on the vehicle class, vehicle weight, drive method of the vehicle, type of energy source, etc., the parameter impact analysis unit 112g acquires the characteristics shown in FIG. 5 as characteristics corresponding to the vehicle class, vehicle weight, drive method of the vehicle, type of energy source, etc.

[0066] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a table representing changeable parameters and calculation results (greenhouse gas emissions) when the parameter impact analysis unit 112g analyzes the impact of changing parameters. In FIG. 8, cells with a thick concentration (dots) indicate changeable parameters, and cells with a thin concentration (dots) indicate output results when the parameters are changed. In the example shown in FIG. 8, when the production place of the vehicle is Japan, the drive method of the vehicle is a battery electric vehicle (BEV), the component weight is 6 kg, the recycling effect is "1", the material weight composition of the component is 100% aluminum extrusion material, the GWP of the aluminum extrusion material is 11.1, the manufacturing yield (processing yield) is 80%, and the recycling yield is 67%, the calculation results show the greenhouse gas emissions during manufacturing, use, recycling, and the entire life cycle. The parameter impact analysis unit 112g calculates the greenhouse gas emissions during manufacturing, use, recycling, and the entire life cycle by acquiring the characteristics shown in FIGS. 4 to 7 for each parameter.

[0067] The calculation result output unit 112h of the processor 112 outputs the calculation results by the third emission amount calculation unit 112f and the parameter impact analysis unit 112g to the output unit 140. The output calculation results are displayed on the output unit 140.

[0068] FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the processing performed by the processor 112. First, the acquisition unit 112a of the processor 112 acquires various information input to the input unit 120. Next, the first emission amount calculation unit 112b of the processor 112 calculates the first emission amount (step S12), the second emission amount calculation unit 112c calculates the second emission amount (step S14), and the recycling effect amount calculation unit 112d calculates the recycling effect amount (step S16). Then, the lifetime emission amount calculation unit 112e of the processor 112 sums up the first emission amount, the second emission amount, and the recycling effect amount to calculate the lifetime emission amount, which is the greenhouse gas emission amount over the lifetime of the vehicle (step S18). In steps S12 to S18, for each case where the vehicle is an arbitrary first vehicle and where the vehicle is a second vehicle excluding a specific target part from the first vehicle, the first emission amount, the second emission amount, the recycling effect amount, and the lifetime emission amount are calculated.

[0069] Next, the third emission amount calculation unit 112f of the processor 112 subtracts the lifetime emission amount calculated when the vehicle is a second vehicle excluding a specific target part from the first vehicle from the lifetime emission amount calculated when the vehicle is an arbitrary first vehicle, to calculate the greenhouse gas emission amount of the target part (step S20).

[0070] Next, when the parameter input to the input unit 120 is changed, the acquisition unit 112a of the processor 112 acquires the changed parameter (step S22). For example, when the global warming potential (GWP) of the material of the target part is changed and the changed value is input to the input unit 120, the acquisition unit 112a acquires the changed global warming potential (GWP).

[0071] Next, the parameter impact analysis unit 112g of the processor 112 analyzes the impact of the changed parameters on the greenhouse gas emissions (step S24). For example, the parameter impact analysis unit 112g obtains a linear function representing the relationship between the greenhouse gas emissions per unit mass during manufacturing for each material and the greenhouse gas emissions per unit mass of the target part as shown in FIG. 7, and based on this linear function, calculates the greenhouse gas emissions of the target part when the greenhouse gas emissions per unit mass during manufacturing for each material are changed.

[0072] Next, the calculation result output unit 112h of the processor 112 outputs the final calculation result to the output unit 140 (step S26). As a result, the final calculation result is displayed on the output unit 140. Note that the processes of steps S22 and S24 may not be performed. In that case, the calculation result output unit 112h outputs the greenhouse gas emissions of the target part calculated in step S20 as the final output result.

[0073] FIG. 10 is a characteristic diagram showing a comparison of the greenhouse gas emissions of the entire vehicle and the greenhouse gas emissions of the target part for an existing vehicle 1, a vehicle 2 in which the material of the vehicle body of the existing vehicle 1 is changed and a high-tensile steel material of 1180 MPa or more is frequently used in the vehicle body to reduce the weight of the vehicle 1 by about 100 kg, and a vehicle 3 in which the material of the vehicle body of the vehicle 2 is replaced with aluminum so as to have the same weight as the vehicle 2.

[0074] In FIG. 10, for each of the vehicles 1 to 3, the greenhouse gas emissions (first emissions, second emissions, recycling effect amount) at the time of manufacturing, driving (use), and recycling are shown, and the lifetime emissions (total) are also shown. For the first emissions, second emissions, recycling effect amount, and lifetime emissions, the portion without density (dots) corresponds to the emissions of the vehicle body, and the portion with density corresponds to the emissions other than the vehicle.

[0075] As shown in Fig. 10, when comparing the total life cycle emissions (overall) during manufacturing, driving, and recycling, the greenhouse gas emissions of Vehicle 2 are less than those of Vehicle 1, and the greenhouse gas emissions of Vehicle 2 are less than those of Vehicle 3. Therefore, by using a large amount of ultra-high tensile strength steel of 1180 MPa or more in the body material, the greenhouse gas emissions of the entire vehicle are reduced, and it can be seen that the greenhouse gas emissions of the entire vehicle are reduced even when compared with a vehicle that uses a large amount of aluminum of the same weight.

[0076] Fig. 11 is a diagram showing only the emissions corresponding to the vehicle body shown in Fig. 10, and is a characteristic diagram showing the contribution to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by the vehicle body. The reduction effect of the greenhouse gas emissions of the vehicle body of Vehicle 2 is -27% with respect to the vehicle body of Vehicle 1. On the other hand, due to the extensive use of aluminum in the vehicle body of Vehicle 3, the greenhouse gas emissions increase by 12% with respect to the vehicle body of Vehicle 1. Therefore, when calculating the greenhouse gas emissions of the vehicle body as the target part by the above method, Vehicle 2 greatly contributes to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions during "manufacturing" in addition to during "driving" due to the extensive use of high tensile strength steel. When comparing the greenhouse gas emissions from a life cycle perspective, it has an advantage of about 40% reduction effect compared to Vehicle 3 that uses a large amount of aluminum in the vehicle body.

Explanation of symbols

[0077] 10 Vehicle 12 Virtual vehicle 14 Vehicle body 16 Bumper 18 Virtual vehicle 100 System 110 Control device 112 Processor 112a Acquisition unit 112b First emissions calculation unit 112c Second emissions calculation unit 112d Recycling effect amount calculation unit 112e Life cycle emissions calculation unit 112f Third emissions calculation unit 112g Parameter influence analysis unit 112h Calculation Result Output Unit 114 Memory 116 Communication Interface 120 Input Unit 130 Storage Device 140 Output Unit 210 Control Device 212 Processor

Claims

1. A first emission amount calculation unit that calculates a first emission amount, which is the amount of greenhouse gas emissions when the vehicle is manufactured, based on the materials and masses of the components constituting the vehicle and the greenhouse gas emissions per unit mass during manufacturing for each predetermined material; A second emission amount calculation unit that calculates a second emission amount, which is the amount of greenhouse gas emissions when the vehicle travels the planned driving distance, based on the consumption of the energy source during driving predetermined based on the specifications of the vehicle, the planned driving distance of the vehicle's life, and the greenhouse gas emissions per unit amount during production and consumption of the energy source; A recycling effect amount calculation unit that calculates the recycling effect amount when the materials of the components constituting the vehicle are reused as materials, based on the materials and masses of the components constituting the vehicle and the recycling effect amount per unit mass during reuse for each predetermined material; A lifetime emission amount calculation unit that calculates the lifetime emission amount, which is the amount of greenhouse gas emissions during the life of the vehicle, by adding up the first emission amount, the second emission amount, and the recycling effect amount; A third emission amount calculation unit that calculates the greenhouse gas emission amount of the target component by subtracting the lifetime emission amount calculated when the vehicle is the second vehicle obtained by removing a specific target component from the first vehicle from the lifetime emission amount calculated when the vehicle is the first vehicle; A calculating device for the greenhouse gas emission amount of vehicle components, comprising the above.

2. The calculating device for the greenhouse gas emission amount of vehicle components according to Claim 1, further comprising a parameter influence analysis unit that obtains a function representing the relationship between the parameter related to the greenhouse gas emission amount of the target component and the greenhouse gas emission amount per unit mass of the target component, and calculates the greenhouse gas emission amount of the target component when the parameter is changed.

3. The parameter influence analysis unit according to Claim 2 obtains a linear function representing the relationship between the greenhouse gas emission amount per unit mass for each material and the greenhouse gas emission amount per unit mass of the target component based on the correlation between the mass of the target component and the greenhouse gas emission amount of the target component, and calculates the greenhouse gas emission amount of the target component when the greenhouse gas emission amount per unit mass for each material is changed based on the linear function.

4. The first emission amount calculation unit further calculates the first emission amount based on the greenhouse gas emission amount predetermined for each processing step in manufacturing the component from the material, or the greenhouse gas emission amount predetermined for each assembly step in assembling the component. A calculation device for the greenhouse gas emission amount of a vehicle component according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. Calculating a first emission amount, which is the greenhouse gas emission amount when the vehicle is manufactured, based on the material and mass of the components constituting the vehicle and the greenhouse gas emission amount per unit mass during manufacturing for each predetermined material; Calculating a second emission amount, which is the greenhouse gas emission amount when the vehicle travels the planned travel distance, based on the consumption amount of the energy source during traveling predetermined based on the specifications of the vehicle, the planned travel distance of the vehicle's life, and the greenhouse gas emission amount per unit amount during production and consumption of the energy source; Calculating a recycling effect amount when the material of the components constituting the vehicle is reused as a raw material based on the material and mass of the components constituting the vehicle and the recycling effect amount per unit mass during reuse for each predetermined material; Calculating a lifetime emission amount, which is the greenhouse gas emission amount during the lifetime of the vehicle, by adding up the first emission amount, the second emission amount, and the recycling effect amount; Calculating the greenhouse gas emission amount of the target component by subtracting the lifetime emission amount calculated when the vehicle is the second vehicle obtained by removing a specific target component from the first vehicle from the lifetime emission amount calculated when the vehicle is the first vehicle; A method for calculating the greenhouse gas emission amount of a vehicle component, which is executed on a processor and includes the above steps.

6. Means for calculating a first emission amount, which is the greenhouse gas emission amount when the vehicle is manufactured, based on the material and mass of the components constituting the vehicle and the greenhouse gas emission amount per unit mass during manufacturing for each predetermined material; Means for calculating a second emission amount, which is the greenhouse gas emission amount when the vehicle travels the planned travel distance, based on the consumption amount of the energy source during traveling predetermined based on the specifications of the vehicle, the planned travel distance of the vehicle's life, and the greenhouse gas emission amount per unit amount during production and consumption of the energy source; Means for calculating the recycling effect amount when the materials of the parts constituting the vehicle are reused as raw materials, based on the materials and masses of the parts constituting the vehicle and the recycling effect amount per unit mass at the time of reuse for each predetermined material. Means for calculating the life cycle emissions, which is the emissions of greenhouse gases over the life of the vehicle, by adding up the first emissions, the second emissions, and the recycling effect amount. Means for calculating the greenhouse gas emissions of the target part by subtracting the life cycle emissions calculated when the vehicle is the second vehicle obtained by removing a specific target part from the first vehicle from the life cycle emissions calculated when the vehicle is the first vehicle. A program for causing a computer to function as such.

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