Stereoscopic image display device and gaming machine

Abstract

To provide a stereoscopic video display device which can display an image having a parallax for a viewer by reflecting light incident from a plurality of light sources arranged on a side surface with a transparent panel and display a color stereoscopic image by mixing light from a plurality of light sources.SOLUTION: A stereoscopic video display device 100 comprises: a transparent panel 20; a light source 30 which is arranged on the lower side surface or upper side surface of the transparent panel 20; and a plurality of reflection surfaces 50 which are formed on a principal surface of the transparent panel 20 to reflect light from the light source. When it is assumed that there are n (n≥2) view point positions at an equal interval in the horizontal direction, n reflection surfaces 50 are provided at positions intersecting the principal surface of the transparent panel and the straight line passing through the view points and a definite point, a stereoscopic video can be visually recognized at the definite point position, the n reflection surfaces 50 are arranged in a matrix to constitute one pixel, and each reflection surface 50 is arranged at a predetermined position for each view point in a pixel.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a stereoscopic video display device and a gaming machine.

Background Art

[0002] As a display device that performs stereoscopic vision or morphing display using parallax and allows a background to be seen through, it includes a display panel made of a transparent material and dot-shaped reflection elements provided on the surface or inside of the display panel as components, and an element group that displays a specific display pattern as a whole. The element group is provided for each of a plurality of preset viewpoints, and for each viewpoint, the provided element group reflects light from a light source without separately arranging an optical element for giving parallax toward the viewpoint on the display panel, and the display pattern displayed by the element group by the reflected light is visually recognized at the set viewpoint and not visually recognized at viewpoints that are not set. A display device has been proposed (Patent Document 1). In this Patent Document 1, there is a problem that the interval between the reflection elements is affected by the distance between the display panel and each fixed point of the display pattern.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 2

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a display device that can display a more three-dimensional stereoscopic video by proposing an arrangement method in which the number of reflecting surfaces does not change even when the distribution density of the reflecting surfaces changes.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0005] The present invention has adopted the following means to achieve the above main object.

[0006] The stereoscopic video display device according to the present invention a transparent panel, a light source disposed on the lower surface or the upper surface of the transparent panel, a plurality of reflecting surfaces formed on the main surface of the transparent panel and reflecting light from the light source with respect to the viewing point position of the observer, and has When it is assumed that there are n points (n ≧ 2) at equal intervals in the horizontal direction for the viewing point position of the observer, n reflecting surfaces are provided at positions where a straight line passing through the viewing point and a fixed point intersects the main surface of the transparent panel, and by reflecting the light from the light source, a stereoscopic video can be visually recognized by the observer at the fixed point position. The n reflecting surfaces are arranged in a matrix to form one pixel, and each reflecting surface is arranged at a predetermined position for each viewing point within the pixel.

[0007] The stereoscopic video display device according to the present invention arranges, in a matrix, an aggregate composed of n reflecting surfaces as one pixel on a transparent panel, so that reflecting surfaces for each viewing point are secured in one pixel. Therefore, a stereoscopic image can be displayed regardless of the reflection surface distribution density that varies depending on the position of the fixed point.

[0008] Further, in the stereoscopic video display device according to the present invention, the n reflecting surfaces are arranged at equal intervals at the positions of the viewing points assuming the moving range of the observer for n cameras, and all the fixation points of the cameras are set with the center (X, Y, Z = 0, 0, 0) of the transparent panel as the origin, and the subject to be displayed is photographed. The position of the light beam emitted from each fixed point and the angle of the reflecting surface may be calculated based on the photographed image of the camera and the installation position information of the camera.

[0009] By adopting such a configuration, since the reflecting surface is calculated using the photographed image, the ridge line, the boundary of the surface, etc. can be accurately captured. Therefore, a stereoscopic video can be displayed even for a complex shape such as a plurality of overlapping objects or an organic shape.

[0010] Furthermore, in the stereoscopic video display device according to the present invention, in a combination of the two reflecting surfaces that cause the same fixed point to receive light with respect to an observer, when the midpoint when connecting the respective reflecting surfaces with a straight line is assumed to be a quadrilateral with a vertical and horizontal length that is half of the pixel at the center of the pixel, it may be characterized in that it is arranged inside such a quadrilateral.

[0011] By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to minimize the movement (shakiness) of the stereoscopic video due to viewpoint movement.

[0012] Furthermore, in the stereoscopic video display device according to the present invention, in a combination of the two reflecting surfaces that cause the same fixed point to receive light with respect to an observer, the midpoint when connecting the respective reflecting surfaces with a straight line may be provided so as to make a predetermined movement according to the stereoscopic video.

[0013] By arranging the reflecting surfaces in a matrix, movement of the stereoscopic video occurs due to viewpoint movement. Therefore, by selecting the stereoscopic video using this shakiness, it is possible to give the stereoscopic video a movement like an animation.

[0014] Furthermore, in the stereoscopic video display device according to the present invention, the reflecting surface may be characterized in that it adjusts the luminance in gradation by changing the area of the reflecting surface stepwise.

[0015] By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to express smooth shadows in expressing the stereoscopic video.

[0016] Furthermore, the present invention includes a transparent panel and at least three light sources that emit different colors and are arranged on the upper surface or the lower surface of the transparent panel, a plurality of reflecting surfaces that are formed on the main surface of the transparent panel and reflect light from the light sources with respect to the viewpoint position of the observer, and has When assuming that there are n points (n ≥ 2) at equal intervals in the horizontal direction from the viewpoint of the observer, the reflecting surface is provided with n groups of reflecting surfaces each composed of a reflecting surface that reflects light from at least three of the light sources at positions where the straight line passing through the viewpoint and the fixed point intersects the main surface of the transparent panel. By reflecting the light from the light sources, a stereoscopic image can be visually recognized by the observer at the fixed point position, and by the convergence of the light rays of at least three of the light sources at the viewpoint, it can be recognized as a color image. The n groups of reflecting surfaces are arranged in a matrix to form one pixel. Provided is a stereoscopic image display device, wherein each group of reflecting surfaces is arranged at a position predetermined for each viewpoint within the pixel.

[0017] By adopting such a configuration, a color stereoscopic image can be displayed while having the above-described effects.

[0018] Furthermore, in the stereoscopic image display device according to the present invention, the three light sources may each be a light source that emits light of a color of red (R), green (G), and blue (B).

[0019] By using the three primary colors of light for the three light sources, more colors can be expressed.

[0020] Furthermore, in the stereoscopic image display device according to the present invention, the group of reflecting surfaces that reflects the light from the three light sources may be characterized in that the emission color is determined by adjusting the luminance by changing the area of the reflecting surface stepwise and mixing colors.

[0021] By adopting such a configuration, a color can be expressed in a predetermined gradation. Also, since the reflecting surface can be produced with a constant stepwise area, the manufacturing becomes easy.

[0022] Furthermore, in the stereoscopic video display device according to the present invention, the reflecting surface group may be formed as one reflecting surface by being combined while maintaining the angles of the respective reflecting surfaces.

[0023] By adopting such a configuration, in a color stereoscopic video, the number of viewpoints can be increased without reducing the resolution.

[0024] Furthermore, in the stereoscopic video display device according to the present invention, the light source may further include a white (W) light source, and the reflecting surface group may be composed of reflecting surfaces that reflect light from the colors of red (R), green (G), blue (B), and white (W).

[0025] By adding a white light source alone, the number of colors can be increased, and white such as highlights can be made to emit light vividly.

[0026] Furthermore, in the stereoscopic video display device according to the present invention, the boundary line between different emission colors adjacent in the stereoscopic video may have a non-emission region.

[0027] By adopting such a configuration, a black matrix effect can be obtained, and color regions can be clearly separated and expressed.

[0028] Furthermore, in the stereoscopic video display device according to the present invention, a light source is arranged on a side surface adjacent to the side surface on which the light source of the transparent panel is arranged, and the pixel may be characterized in that a reflecting surface for emitting light from the light source to an observer is formed.

[0029] By adopting such a configuration, two different stereoscopic videos can be expressed, and each stereoscopic video and their composite video can be switched and displayed.

[0030] Furthermore, in the stereoscopic video display device according to the present invention, It may be characterized in that a video display device or a decoration having an image is provided with a space on the back side of the transparent panel.

[0031] Since the transparent panel is a display medium in the three-dimensional video display device of the present invention, it is possible to simultaneously view the image displayed on the transparent panel and the image, pattern, or decoration on the back side. Therefore, it is also possible to perform an expression by combining both with the image or pattern on the back side.

[0032] Furthermore, the three-dimensional video display device according to the present invention may be attached to a gaming machine and used.

[0033] By incorporating it into a gaming machine, it becomes possible to perform an effect such that a character pops out from a liquid crystal display arranged on the back side and floats in the air in front, or to perform an effect such that an accessory is covered by an effect when the accessory appears.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0034]

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Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0035] (First Embodiment) Hereinafter, the three-dimensional video display device 100 according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view for explaining the three-dimensional video display device 100 according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a side view. In the following description of the embodiments, for convenience of explanation, as shown in FIG. 1, the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis refer to the horizontal direction with respect to the transparent panel 20, the vertical direction, and the direction perpendicular to the main surface of the transparent panel 20, respectively. Hereinafter, the main surface of the transparent panel refers to the back surface of the transparent panel.

[0036] As shown in FIG. 2, the three-dimensional video display device 100 according to the first embodiment includes a plate-shaped transparent panel 20 made of a resin through which light can pass, a plurality of reflecting surfaces 50 formed on the main surface of the transparent panel 20, and a light source 30 provided on the lower or upper side of the transparent panel 20.

[0037] For the transparent panel 20, a glass or resin plate having high light transmittance through which light can pass is used. As the resin plate, for example, an acrylic resin plate, a polycarbonate resin plate, a PET resin plate, etc. can be preferably used. Of course, it is not limited to these resins. A plurality of reflecting surfaces 50 are formed on the main surface (back surface) of the transparent panel 20 (see FIG. 2). The reflecting surface 50 is formed on one surface of a triangular prism-shaped groove having a surface that reflects the light from the light source 30 to the front side (see FIG. 4). The light source 30 is disposed on the upper or lower side surface of the transparent panel 20 and emits light into the transparent panel 20.

[0038] First, the display principle of the three-dimensional video display device 100 according to the first embodiment will be described. When a point of the three-dimensional image to be represented is set as a fixed point, the three-dimensional video display device 100 according to the first embodiment extracts only the light rays that reach the observer from among the light rays emitted in all directions from each fixed point (for example, P1, P2, or P3 in FIG. 1), and reproduces the light rays by the reflecting surface 50 formed on the main surface of the transparent panel 20 to project a three-dimensional video. That is, in order to recognize an arbitrary fixed point position, it is necessary for light rays equivalent to the light rays emitted from the fixed point to reach the observer. Therefore, a plurality of reflecting surfaces 50 are formed on the main surface of the transparent panel 20 so that the light guided into the transparent panel 20 from the light source 30 disposed on the upper side or the lower side of the transparent panel 20 is emitted to the observer as if it were the light rays emitted from the fixed point.

[0039] When the observer moves horizontally, it is necessary to make the light from each fixed point visible to the line of sight that moves along with the movement. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, when it is assumed that the observer moves within the movement range V, different light rays in the emission directions corresponding to the assumed number of viewpoints for one fixed point are required. That is, when the number of viewpoints is assumed to be n, n-direction light rays are required for one fixed point, and n reflecting surfaces 50 are required. In order to specify the positions of these n reflecting surfaces 50 with respect to the transparent panel 20 and the angles of the reflecting surfaces 50, as shown in FIG. 1, n cameras (1 to 12 in FIG. 1) are arranged at equal intervals X1 along the movement range of the observer, and the subject to be displayed as a stereoscopic image is photographed. The interval X1 between the cameras (1 to 12) is preferably a value obtained by equally dividing the distance between the two eyes of a human, which is 60 mm to 70 mm. By setting such a distance, both the right eye and the left eye can become any one of the viewpoints from 1 to 12. Also, the distance E from the cameras (1 to 12) to the transparent panel 20 is set to the same distance as the distance from the observer to the main surface (rear surface) of the transparent panel 20. The fixation points of all the cameras (1 to 12) are set to the origin (the position of P2 in FIG. 1) at the center (X, Y, Z = 0, 0, 0) of the transparent panel 20, and the position (XY coordinates) of the light rays emitted from each fixed point (in FIG. 1, for example, P1, P2, P3) and the angles of the reflecting surfaces 50 are determined based on the photographed images of each camera (1 to 12) and the installation position information of the cameras. For example, in FIG. 1, from the photographed image of camera 1, the light ray coordinates emitted to the observer position 1 and the angle information of the reflecting surface 50 can be obtained. As shown in FIG. 3, when the fixed point P1 is observed from the viewpoint 1, the light rays L1' and L1 emitted from P1 will be confirmed. However, the light ray L1' is a virtual light ray and is not actually emitted from P1. Therefore, the light guide K1 from the light source is reflected at the reflecting surface position h1 and emitted toward the viewpoint 1 to generate the light ray L1. Here, for the reflecting surface 50 at the reflecting surface position h1, the XY coordinates and the values of θ1x and θ1y with respect to the transparent panel 20 are required. As described above, the XY coordinates and the value of θ1y of the reflecting surface 50 at the reflecting surface position h1 can be obtained from the camera position, and the angle θ1x can be obtained as the angle between the straight line connecting the coordinates of the reflecting surface position h1 and the viewpoint 1 (light ray L1) and the line segment parallel to the Y-axis passing through the reflecting surface position h1.For example, the image of the fixed point P1(±x,±y,+z) has an angle of (θ1x,θ1y) at the reflecting surface position h1. Similarly, the fixed point P2(0,0,0) has an angle of (θ2x,θ2y) at the reflecting surface position h2, and the fixed point P3(±x,±y, -z) has an angle of (θ3x,θ3y) at the reflecting surface position h3. From the values thus obtained, as shown in Fig. 4A on the main surface (rear surface) of the transparent panel 20, the angle θ in the XY plane. h1a , and the angle θ in the Z direction h1b By forming a triangular prism-shaped concave groove composed of, the surface closer to the front side of the transparent panel 20 becomes the reflecting surface 50, and light can be reflected in a predetermined direction. As shown in Figs. 4B and 4C, this reflecting surface 50 has a reflection angle θ h1x and the reflection angle θ h1Y to set the angles of θ1x and θ1y. Thereby, the light K1 from the light source is emitted as a virtual light ray L1 as if it were emitted from P1. According to the method for obtaining the position and angle of the reflecting surface 50 according to this embodiment, since the captured image is used, the ridge lines and surface boundaries of the captured substance can be accurately captured, and a stereoscopic video can be provided even for complex shapes such as a plurality of overlapping objects and organic shapes.

[0040] Next, the distribution of the reflecting surfaces 50 will be described. Regarding the plurality of reflecting surfaces 50, taking the case of 12 cameras (n = 12) as an example, it will be described with reference to FIG. 5. As shown in FIG. 5A, when fabricating the reflecting surface 50 corresponding to the fixed point Pa, it is necessary to fabricate 12 reflecting surfaces 50 respectively corresponding to the 12 light rays emitted from the fixed point Pa based on the captured images of each camera (1 to 12). When the distance between the two eyes of the observer is 65 mm, for example, assuming that the distance between cameras 5 and 9 is 65 mm and the observer is at point A, the observer will receive the light rays at the positions of 5 and 9, and the observer can recognize the position of the fixed point Pa. Next, as shown in FIG. 5B, when the fixed point Pb is closer to the main surface of the transparent panel 20 compared to the fixed point Pa, the interval between the reflecting surfaces 50 will become narrower. When the fixed point is on the main surface (±x, ±y, 0) of the transparent panel 20, it will concentrate at one point, and light rays will be emitted from one reflecting surface in 12 directions. Thus, as shown in FIG. 6, as the position of the fixed point P1 is farther behind the main surface of the transparent panel 20 (±x, ±y, +z), the interval between the reflecting surfaces 50 spreads in the X-axis direction (FIG. 6A). When the fixed point P2 is on the main surface of the transparent panel 20, the interval between the reflecting surfaces 50 disappears and becomes one point (FIG. 6B). As the position of the fixed point is more forward (±x, ±y, -z) than the main surface of the transparent panel 20, the interval between the reflecting surfaces 50 will spread in the X-axis direction (FIG. 6C).

[0041] Next, the configuration of the arrangement of the reflecting surfaces 50 will be described. As shown in FIG. 7, the reflecting surfaces 50 are arranged on the main surface of the transparent panel 20 with an aggregate of the same number of reflecting surfaces 50 as the number of cameras n arranged in a matrix as one pixel 70. The number of reflecting surfaces 50 in one pixel (the number of cameras) is not particularly limited, but preferably, in order to make the aspect ratio of the vertical and horizontal sides of the pixel 70 1:1, the number of vertical and horizontal sides is the same, that is, n = m 2It is advisable to set (where \(m\) is a natural number and \(m\geq2\)). Regarding the specific arrangement of the reflecting surface 50, taking the case where the number of cameras is 9 (\(n = 9\)) as an example, as shown in FIG. 8, cameras (1 to 9) installed within the observer's movement range of \(Y = 0\), \(X=-65\) to \(+65\), \(Z = -700\) (\(E = 700\)) capture the fixed point \(P_a\). Then, from the coordinates of the fixed point \(P_a\) captured by each camera (1 to 9), the pixel coordinates arranged in a matrix on the main surface of the transparent panel 20 are specified, and the reflecting surface 50 is fabricated so that it has the angle of the reflecting surface 50 specified for each camera number at the location corresponding to the pixel 70. In this way, as can be confirmed in the enlarged view of FIG. 8, the nine reflecting surfaces 50 are dispersed and arranged at locations specified for each camera number within nine different pixels 70. As shown in FIG. 9, when the fixed point \(P_b(0, 0, 0)\) is on the main surface (origin) of the transparent panel, the nine reflecting surfaces 50 will converge on one pixel 70. That is, the reflecting surfaces 50 of all nine cameras (1 to 9) are formed on one pixel 70. Note that the size of the reflecting surface 50 is not particularly limited, but it is advisable to form it so that it is arranged within a circle with a diameter of 100 μm to 200 μm. Here, an aggregate of nine reflecting surfaces, the same number as the nine cameras, arranged in a matrix is regarded as one pixel, and in order to make the aspect ratio of the vertical and horizontal sides of the pixel 1:1, the reflecting surfaces are configured as \(3\times3 = 9\) with the same number of vertical and horizontal sides, but it is not limited to this. If the number of cameras is eight, it is also possible to have a blank part with an aspect ratio of 1:1 by leaving one reflecting surface blank, or it can be appropriately changed such as changing the aspect ratio.

[0042] The three-dimensional video display device 100 thus fabricated can be visually recognized as a three-dimensional image because, within the preset movement range of the observer, images with parallax for both eyes of the observer are emitted at all positions. The three-dimensional video display device 100 according to the present invention is displayed through the transparent panel 20, so the back side can be visually recognized. Therefore, by arranging a three-dimensional video display device such as a liquid crystal display that displays images with an interval on the back side or a decoration such as a character, an image that appears to be projected onto the image or decoration on the back side can be displayed.

[0043] Note that since a plurality of reflecting surfaces 50 are formed within one pixel 70, an increase in the number of reflecting surfaces (number of cameras) within one pixel 70 may affect the position of the stereoscopic image. For example, when looking at the fixed point Pa from viewpoints 1 and 5 in FIG. 8, as shown in FIG. 10, the reflecting surfaces that receive light rays are 1 and 5. Similarly, when looking from viewpoints 2 and 6, the reflecting surfaces that receive light rays are 2 and 6. That is, the combination of the reflecting surfaces 50 shifts every time the viewpoint moves. In such a case, the behavior of the fixed point may occur. Specifically, taking the fixed point Pa(0, 0, +z) as an example, when the observer receives the light rays from the reflecting surface 1 and the reflecting surface 5, the observer will perceive the fixed point at the position of a as shown in FIG. 10. Similarly, for light rays 2 and 6, as the combination of the reflecting surfaces 50 is shifted in order, such as to the position of b, the fixed point moves as a→b→c→d→e. Focusing on the Y-axis direction, there is a difference of one reflecting surface between a and e. This means that when the observer moves the viewpoint from 1 to 9, the fixed point moves down by one reflecting surface. Next, as shown in FIG. 11A, when looking at the fixed point Pb(0, 0, 0) at the origin position, similarly, it moves as a→b→c→d→e, and the fixed point Pb moves by 0.5 reflecting surfaces in the X and Y directions from the center of the pixel. Ideally, the fixed point Pb should appear at the same position when viewed from any direction, but the vertical movement of the fixed point occurs due to the layout of the reflecting surfaces 50. In particular, when the viewpoint movement is performed on the X-axis, there is a problem that a slight stereoscopic image movement in the X-axis direction is difficult to recognize, but the movement in the Y-axis direction is easy to recognize. This is because as the number of reflecting surfaces (number of cameras) within one pixel 70 increases, it becomes easier to affect the position of the stereoscopic image. For example, as shown in FIG. 11B, when the number of reflecting surfaces is 25 and the reflecting surfaces 50 are arranged in order from the upper left, a movement of 4 reflecting surfaces occurs in the Y-axis direction. Therefore, in order to minimize the movement of the stereoscopic image due to the viewpoint movement, it is advisable to connect the reflecting surfaces 50 determined by the combination with a straight line and concentrate the fixed point generated at the midpoint of the line segment as close as possible to the center of the pixel 70.Specifically, in the combination of two reflecting surfaces 50 that cause the same fixed point to be received by the observer, when the midpoint M when the respective reflecting surfaces 50 are connected by a straight line is assumed to have a quadrilateral with a vertical and horizontal length half that of the pixel 70 at the center of the pixel 70, it is preferably arranged inside such a quadrilateral F. For example, when the number of reflecting surfaces (number of camera units) is 9, it is arranged inside the quadrilateral F by arranging them as shown in Fig. 12A, when the number of reflecting surfaces (number of camera units) is 16, it is arranged inside the quadrilateral F by arranging them as shown in Fig. 12B, and when the number of reflecting surfaces (number of camera units) is 25, it is arranged inside the quadrilateral F by arranging them as shown in Fig. 12C.

[0044] Conversely, by utilizing the phenomenon where the fixed point appears to move, the stereoscopic image may be made to look like an animation. For example, when the movement of the stereoscopic image is reversed in the order of arrangement as shown in Fig. 13A, the movement of the stereoscopic image will appear to rise while moving in a zigzag manner. In such a case, for example, by making it a stereoscopic image of a bee, the bee can be made to appear to fly while rising in a zigzag motion. By aligning the trajectory of the stereoscopic image with the movement of the animation in this way, the sense of discomfort in the movement can be reduced. Also, in another example, as shown in Fig. 13B, it represents the trajectory of the stereoscopic image considering the rising and falling balloon animation. By determining the reflecting surface arrangement based on the animation of the stereoscopic image, a smooth movement can be obtained.

[0045] Furthermore, when expressing the stereoscopic image, as shown in Fig. 14, by changing the reflection area of the reflecting surface 50, a stereoscopic image with a shadow can be displayed, like a grayscale image. The amount of light can be controlled by equally dividing the reflecting surface 50 and changing the area of the reflecting surface. When the highlight part is 100%, for example, as shown in Fig. 14, by dividing the reflecting surface 50 into 5 parts, a luminance of 6 gradations can be expressed.

[0046] (Second Embodiment) Hereinafter, the three-dimensional video display device 200 according to the second embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 15 is a perspective view of the three-dimensional video display device 200 according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the pixel 70 by the reflecting surface 50 formed on the transparent panel 20. The three-dimensional video display device 200 according to this second embodiment is different in that it is a color video, while the first embodiment is monochromatic.

[0047] As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the three-dimensional video display device 200 according to the present invention includes at least three independent light sources 30r, 30g, 30b that emit different colors provided on one side of the transparent panel 20, and a reflecting surface group 55 formed by a set of three corresponding reflecting surfaces 51, 52, 53. As the light source 30, it is preferable to use three independent light sources that emit the colors of red (R), green (G), and blue (B), which are the primary colors of light. This is because color can be reproduced by using the three primary colors.

[0048] The reflecting surface 50 forms a pixel 70 by combining a set of 55 reflecting surface groups, each consisting of three reflecting surfaces corresponding to red (R), green (G), and blue (B) respectively, in the same number as the number of viewpoints (number of cameras). Therefore, the number of reflecting surfaces 50 in one pixel is 3 × the number of viewpoints. The reflecting surface 50 is the same as in the first embodiment in that the angle settings (θ5x, θ5y) are made so that the light from each light source 30 is emitted to the same viewpoint. Specifically, when observing the fixed point P4 from the viewpoint 5 in FIG. 15, the light ray L5 is received. The light ray L5 is a combined light ray of a red light ray L5r, a green light ray L5g, and a blue light ray L5b. That is, the red light guide from the light source 30r is reflected by the reflecting surface h5r for the light source R of the reflecting surface group h5 and emitted toward the viewpoint 5 as the light ray L5r. Similarly, the green and blue light guides from the light sources 30g and 30b are also reflected by the reflecting surfaces h5g and h5b for the light source G of the same reflecting surface group h5 and emitted toward the viewpoint 5 as the green light ray L5g and the blue light ray L5b. In this way, the red light ray L5r, the green light ray L5g, and the blue light ray L5b are combined as the light ray L5 at the viewpoint 5 and recognized as a color image. Thus, in the case of a color image, compared with a single color, the number of reflecting surfaces per viewpoint is required to be the same as the number of light sources.

[0049] Next, the pixel configuration for displaying a color stereoscopic image will be described with reference to FIG. 16, taking 5 viewpoints as an example. In the case of 5 viewpoints, since 3 reflecting surfaces 50 are required for one viewpoint, one pixel is constituted by 15 reflecting surfaces 50 of 3×5. The arrangement of each reflecting surface 50 within the pixel 70 is not particularly limited. In FIG. 16, the reflecting surface groups 55 each consisting of three reflecting surfaces 51, 52, and 53 for each viewpoint are arranged vertically for 5 viewpoints. Also, in the case of a color stereoscopic image, as shown in FIG. 18, in order to make the pixel aspect ratio 1:1, the number of reflecting surfaces in the vertical and horizontal directions may be the same, or as shown in FIG. 16, a blank portion 71 may be provided. By providing the blank portion 71, the effect of a black matrix for preventing color mixing with adjacent colors can be expected.

[0050] Next, the determination of the emission color will be described. The color of the light beam is determined by the balance of the luminances of the light emitted from the three reflecting surfaces 51, 52, and 53 that reflect the light from the light sources (30r, 30g, 30b) of red (R), green (G), and blue (B), respectively. For example, when the emission color composed of the reflecting surface 51 for red (R), the reflecting surface 52 for green (G), and the reflecting surface 53 for blue (B) is set as a combination of only the on / off states of each light source, as shown in FIG. 17, eight colors, namely, red, green, blue, yellow, cyan, magenta, white, and skeleton (transparent), that is, 2×2×2 = 8 colors (including transparent) can be expressed. In order to further increase the number of colors, it can be achieved by changing the reflection area of the reflecting surface 50 of each color to adjust the luminance. For example, as shown in FIG. 14, when the area of the reflecting surface 50 is divided into five steps, luminance at six steps of 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% can be emitted. Therefore, 6×6×6 = 216 colors (including transparent) can be expressed. In this way, the number of colors that can be expressed can be selected according to the number of divisions. That is, when the number of divisions of the reflection area of each reflecting surface 50 is n, (n + 1)×(n + 1)×(n + 1) = (n + 1) 3 (n: natural number) colors can be expressed.

[0051] The stereoscopic video display device 200 thus manufactured can be visually recognized by an observer as a stereoscopic image composed of a plurality of fixed points. Since the stereoscopic video display device 200 according to the present invention is displayed through the transparent panel 20, the back side can be visually recognized. Therefore, by arranging a stereoscopic video display device such as a liquid crystal that displays an image with an interval on the back side or a decoration such as a character, an image that appears to be projected onto the image or decoration on the back side can be displayed.

[0052] In the second embodiment, since the number of light rays is also the number of reflecting surfaces 50, if the number of viewpoints increases, the number of reflecting surfaces constituting one fixed point also increases, the area of one pixel becomes larger, and as a result, the resolution of the stereoscopic image decreases. That is, as shown in FIG. 18, when the number of viewpoints is 12, the reflecting surface group 55 requires 36 reflecting surfaces 50, which is (3 reflecting surfaces) × 12. Therefore, the size of one pixel also becomes larger, the number of pixels per unit area decreases, and the resolution decreases. To solve this problem, the combining process of the reflecting surfaces 50 can be performed. Independent reflecting surfaces 50 that reflect the three primary color lights from the light source 30 are combined to enhance the color mixing effect and enable high density. The color reflecting surface arrangement with three viewpoints will be described as an example. As shown in FIG. 19A, when the number of viewpoints is 3, one pixel is formed by a reflecting surface group 55 formed by reflecting surfaces 51, 52, and 53 corresponding to three light sources, and the reflecting surface groups 55 are arranged in three columns for each viewpoint. Each of the equally spaced red (R), green (G), and blue (B) reflecting surfaces 51, 52, and 53 has a predetermined length (luminance adjustment) and angle (reflection direction adjustment). While maintaining the angles of these reflecting surfaces, if the three-color reflecting surfaces 51, 52, and 53 are combined with the reflecting surface 52 as the center, they can be combined into three bent reflecting surface bodies 56 as shown in FIG. 19B. By making the size of the combined reflecting surface area one-third as shown in FIG. 19C, the number of viewpoints can be tripled.

[0053] Also, when dimming white light using three light sources (30r, 30g, 30b) for each light source (R, G, B), it is as follows. It is advisable to use the so-called PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) method for the dimming method. That is, as shown in FIG. 20, when dimming white light, a reference area for uniformly illuminating each light source (R, G, B) is required. If there is a white area in the display image, the surface of that area is used as the reference area for dimming. When there is no white area in the display image, one TEST pattern T1 is provided at the lower center of the transparent panel, or TEST pattern areas T2 and T3 are provided at two locations, one at each of the lower left and right corners. The TEST pattern of T1 is located at the lower center so that the three light sources of (R, G, B) are uniformly incident. For the TEST patterns of T2 and T3, since there is a difference in the position of each light source at the lower left and right corners, the uniformity of the R light and B light cannot be achieved, so it is necessary to confirm white at two locations on the left and right.

[0054] Note that in the second embodiment, the number of colors of the light source 30 is three, but it is not limited to this, and light sources 30 such as white (W) and yellow (Y) may be added. In this case, as shown in FIG. 22A, in addition to the reflection surfaces 51 for red (R), 52 for green (G), and 53 for blue (B), a reflection surface 54 for white (W) or yellow (Y) is added to the reflection surface group 55, and the reflection surface group 55 is composed of four reflection surfaces 50.

[0055] In this way, more colors can be represented by adding the number of colors of the light source 30. For example, as shown in FIG. 21, when a white (W) light source 30w is added to make the number of colors of the light source four, and the brightness adjustment of each reflector is set to six levels, red (6) × green (6) × blue (6) × white (6) = 1296 colors can be reproduced. Generally, in order to represent white with the three primary colors of light, it is necessary to make the light amounts of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) equal, but this adjustment is difficult. To dim the white light, it is no longer necessary to provide a TEST pattern area as shown in FIG. 20 to check the uniformity. By adding a single-color white as the light source, a pure and vivid white without any mixture can be represented. As a result, it becomes possible to increase the highlights and bright colors, enabling a more compact video display. Also, it becomes possible to add pastel colors.

[0056] Also, when it is desired to strongly represent a specific color, the luminance of the main color can be increased by increasing the number of reflecting surfaces of the color to be emphasized. For example, normally, there is one reflecting surface that glows red within one group of reflecting surfaces. However, as shown in FIG. 22B, by providing two red reflecting surfaces 51 for each group of reflecting surfaces 55, the red color can be made twice as bright. In this way, when a certain specific color is used as the main color, it is an effective method.

[0057] Next, regarding the method of processing the color boundary, taking the case of viewing from the left viewpoint 1 with three light sources and three viewpoints as an example, it will be described with reference to FIG. 23. As shown in FIG. 23A, for example, at the location where the blue region BR and the red region RR are in contact, that is, at the color boundary BO, uneven color may occur due to the influence of adjacent emission colors. This is caused by color mixing that occurs when the reflecting surfaces 50 of each light source (R, G, B) are arranged in a continuous matrix. This is effective when intentionally blurring the boundary or aiming for a gradation effect. On the other hand, when it is desired to clearly separate the color regions, as shown in FIG. 23B, color mixing can be suppressed by providing a non-light-emitting region (a region without a reflecting surface) at the boundary BO between the blue region BR and the red region RR. Also, by providing a non-light-emitting region, a black matrix effect can be obtained, and the color development at the boundary BO between blue and red can be clearly seen. Of course, this boundary line processing is not limited to blue and red, and is an effective process for any color boundary.

[0058] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a separate single-color light source 35 may be provided on the side surface adjacent to the side surface having the three light sources 30. By providing a separate single-color light source 35 on the side surface and a reflecting surface 57 for the single-color light source, as shown in FIG. 24A, the three-dimensional image A can be displayed by the light source 30 from the lower side surface or the upper side surface, and as shown in FIG. 24B, the three-dimensional image B can be displayed by the light source 35 from the adjacent side surface, that is, the right side surface or the left side surface. By lighting both the light source 30 and the single-color light source 35, it is possible to switch and display the composite image of the three-dimensional image A and the three-dimensional image B.

[0059] The method of displaying the stereoscopic image A by the light source 30 from the lower and upper surfaces of the transparent panel 20 has been described above, so it will be omitted. As shown in Fig. 25, the light rays from the monochromatic light source 35 on the side surface are emitted as light rays (total reflection light rays) that spread widely at a wide angle. The reflecting surface 57 is formed so as to reflect the light for the monochromatic light source on the side surface to the front side. However, since the spread θb of the light rays is distributed in the lateral direction (X-axis) with respect to the observer, there is a possibility that the connection of light occurs between viewpoints. As a result, the stereoscopic image B becomes a blurred image compared to the stereoscopic image A. Therefore, by making the stereoscopic image B an image (effect images such as snow, flame, fog, etc.) considering such a phenomenon, an effective production can be performed.

[0060] When the side light source 35 is provided, it is necessary to prepare an area 50a for the stereoscopic image A and an area 57a for the stereoscopic image B in the pixel 70. Fig. 26 shows an example of the arrangement of the reflecting surfaces in the case of a 4-viewpoint color image and a 4-viewpoint monochromatic stereoscopic image. To explain the content of one pixel 70, since the stereoscopic image A forms one viewpoint with three reflecting surfaces 51, 52, and 53 of each light source (R, G, B), 3 (reflecting surfaces 51, 52, 53) × 4 (number of viewpoints) = 12 reflecting surfaces 50 are required. For the stereoscopic image B, since one reflecting surface 57 for monochromatic use forms one viewpoint, 1 × 4 = 4 reflecting surfaces 57 are required for 4 viewpoints. In the case of 4 viewpoints, 16 reflecting surfaces 50 and 57 are required when the stereoscopic images A and B emit light simultaneously. By forming one pixel with 4 × 4 reflecting surfaces 50 and 57, the aspect ratio is set to 1:1. In the present embodiment, the group of reflecting surfaces (RGB) for the stereoscopic image A is arranged vertically, and the reflecting surface for the stereoscopic image B is arranged within the same pixel. Incidentally, in the case of 5 viewpoints, 3 (groups of reflecting surfaces (RGB) of the stereoscopic image A) × 5 + 5 reflecting surfaces of the stereoscopic image B = 20 reflecting surfaces are required. However, in order to make the aspect ratio 1:1, if the number of the group of reflecting surfaces (RGB) of the stereoscopic image A × 5 + the number of reflecting surfaces of the stereoscopic image B is set to 10, a total of 25 reflecting surfaces, the stereoscopic image B can have 10 viewpoints. Therefore, the reflecting surfaces can be arranged efficiently, and by increasing the number of viewpoints of the stereoscopic image B, the effect image can be expressed more smoothly. In Fig. 26, the three reflecting surfaces 51, 52, and 53 of each light source (R, G, B) are arranged in the horizontal direction, but they may be arranged in the vertical direction. In this case, the reflecting surface 57 for monochromatic use is arranged in the horizontal direction in order to make the aspect ratio 1:1. In short, the arrangement of the reflecting surfaces shown in Fig. 26 may be in a state rotated 90 degrees clockwise. Thus, by arranging each light source (R, G, B) in the vertical direction, the spread θb of the light rays shown in Fig. 25 also occurs in each light source (R, G, B). Therefore, by mixing colors in a well-balanced manner, the brightness adjustment may be performed more smoothly compared to the case of arranging them in the horizontal direction. This point can be said not only for Fig. 26 but also for all the drawings shown as color images in the second embodiment.

[0061] Incidentally, the stereoscopic video display device according to the first to second embodiments can be used as various stereoscopic video display devices such as a stereoscopic video display device for the effect of a gaming machine. By incorporating it into a pachinko machine or a rotary gaming machine, it becomes possible to perform effects such as a character popping out from a liquid crystal display arranged on the back side and floating in the air in front, or covering a device with an effect when a device appears.

Industrial Applicability

[0062] As shown in the above-described embodiments, it can be industrially used as various display devices such as a stereoscopic video display device for the effect of a gaming machine.

Explanation of Reference Numerals

[0063] 20… transparent panel, 30… light source, 30r… light source (red), 30g… light source (green), 30b… light source (blue), 30w… light source (white), 35… monochromatic light source, 50… reflecting surface, 50a… area of stereoscopic video A, 51… reflecting surface, 52… reflecting surface, 53… reflecting surface, 54… reflecting surface, 55… group of reflecting surfaces, 56… reflecting solid, 57… reflecting surface, 57a… area for stereoscopic video B, 70… pixel, 71… blank part, 100… stereoscopic video display device, 200… stereoscopic video display device

Claims

1. A transparent panel, a light source disposed on the lower or upper surface of the transparent panel, a plurality of reflecting surfaces formed on the main surface of the transparent panel and reflecting light from the light source with respect to the viewpoint position of an observer, and having, when it is assumed that there are n points (n≥2) at equal intervals in the horizontal direction for the viewpoint position of the observer, n reflecting surfaces are provided at positions where a straight line passing through the viewpoint and the fixed point of the stereoscopic image intersects the main surface of the transparent panel, and by reflecting the light from the light source, a stereoscopic image becomes visible at the fixed point position to the observer, and the n reflecting surfaces are formed, these n reflecting surfaces are each arranged in one matrix to constitute one pixel, A stereoscopic image display device, characterized in that each reflecting surface is arranged at a predetermined position for each viewpoint within all the pixels.

2. In the combination of two reflecting surfaces that cause the same fixed point to be received by the observer, the stereoscopic image display device according to claim 1, characterized in that when a rectangle is assumed where the midpoint when the respective reflecting surfaces are connected by a straight line is a rectangle having a vertical and horizontal length that is half of the pixel at the center of the pixel, it is arranged inside such a rectangle.

3. The stereoscopic image display device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the combination of two reflecting surfaces that cause the same fixed point to be received by the observer within the pixel, the midpoint when the respective reflecting surfaces are connected by a straight line is provided so as to make a predetermined movement according to the stereoscopic image.

4. The stereoscopic image display device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the reflecting surface adjusts the gradation of the luminance by changing the area of the reflecting surface stepwise.

5. A transparent panel, at least three light sources that emit different colors and are disposed on the upper or lower surface of the transparent panel, a plurality of reflecting surfaces formed on the main surface of the transparent panel and reflecting light from the light source with respect to the viewpoint position of an observer, and having, When assuming that there are n points (n ≥ 2) at equal intervals in the horizontal direction of the observer's viewpoint, the reflecting surface is provided with n groups of reflecting surfaces each consisting of a reflecting surface that reflects light from at least three of the light sources at positions where a straight line passing through the viewpoint and the fixed point of the stereoscopic image intersects the main surface of the transparent panel. By reflecting the light from the light sources, a stereoscopic image can be visually recognized by the observer at the fixed point position, and by the convergence of the light rays of at least three of the light sources at the viewpoint, it can be recognized as a color image, and n groups of the reflecting surfaces are formed. These n groups of the reflecting surfaces are each arranged in one matrix to constitute one pixel. Each group of reflecting surfaces is arranged at a predetermined position for each viewpoint within all of the pixels, and is a stereoscopic image display device characterized thereby.

6. The three light sources are light sources that emit light of the colors red (R), green (G), and blue (B) respectively, and the stereoscopic image display device according to claim 5 is characterized thereby.

7. The group of reflecting surfaces that reflects the light from the three light sources determines the emission color by adjusting the luminance by changing the area of the reflecting surface stepwise and mixing colors, and the stereoscopic image display device according to claim 5 or 6 is characterized thereby.

8. The group of reflecting surfaces is formed as one reflecting surface by being joined while maintaining the angles of the respective reflecting surfaces, and the stereoscopic image display device according to any one of claims 5 to 7 is characterized thereby.

9. The light source further has a white (W) light source, and the group of reflecting surfaces consists of reflecting surfaces that reflect light from the colors red (R), green (G), blue (B), and white (W) respectively, and the stereoscopic image display device according to any one of claims 5 to 8 is characterized thereby.

10. The boundary line between different emission colors adjacent in the stereoscopic image has a non-emitting region, and the stereoscopic image display device according to any one of claims 5 to 9 is characterized thereby.

11. Another light source is arranged on a side surface adjacent to the side surface of the transparent panel on which the light source is arranged. The pixel is also formed with a reflecting surface that emits the light from the other light source to the observer, and the stereoscopic image display device according to any one of claims 5 to 10 is characterized thereby.

12. In the stereoscopic image display device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, further, a video display device or a decoration having an image is provided on the back side of the transparent panel with an interval, and the stereoscopic image display device is characterized thereby.

13. A gaming machine, characterized in that it is provided with the stereoscopic video display device according to any one of Claims 1 to 12.

Images