Porous block material and its electronic device, and device capable of reducing wind noise and its application

Abstract

The present invention provides a porous block material and an electronic device thereof, and a device capable of reducing wind noise and its application. The device includes an external sound channel, a zeolite material, and a sound pickup hole, and the zeolite material is disposed between the external sound channel and the sound pickup hole. The present invention further provides an application of the device in an electronic device having a microphone. The device can effectively reduce wind noise and greatly improve the speech quality of a communication device.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electronic devices, and in particular to a porous block material and its electronic devices, as well as a device capable of reducing wind noise and its application. [Background technology]

[0002] Currently, mobile electronic devices such as smartphones, telephones, regular earphones, Bluetooth® earphones, and TWS earphones all have outdoor calling capabilities. To achieve this, a microphone must be installed inside the housing. Typically, the microphone's sound hole is connected to the housing's sound pickup hole. When wind blows against the sound pickup hole, vortex noise is generated on the surface of the hole. This vortex noise can be amplified by air column resonance from the housing's sound pickup hole to the microphone's sound hole, resulting in some vortex noise being generated at the microphone's sound hole as well. This vortex noise picked up by the microphone can make it difficult to hear the other party during outdoor calls. Furthermore, when listening to music using noise-reducing earphones, wind noise is difficult for the system to detect, making it difficult to hear.

[0003] Conventionally, technical proposals for reducing wind noise have been divided into four main categories: 1. Active noise reduction, which uses DSP algorithms to reduce wind noise; 2. Passive noise reduction, which uses acoustic methods including selecting acoustic structures and materials with rationally arranged acoustic parameters and corresponding microphone units; 3. Those that use the bone conduction principle to suppress wind noise, and 4. A combination of the above three methods.

[0004] However, conventional technical solutions have their own drawbacks. 1. Using DSP algorithms to reduce wind noise is expensive and will affect sound quality to some extent. 2. As the volume of conventional portable outdoor communication devices becomes smaller and smaller, conventional acoustic materials, such as foam, cannot function in very small spaces. 3. Bone conduction technology has high process requirements, bone conduction earphones have sound leakage problems, and current earphones using bone conduction technology are generally large in volume. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and its purpose is to provide a porous block material and an electronic device using the same, as well as a device for reducing wind noise and its applications. The device can effectively reduce wind speed, has excellent noise reduction effects, and is advantageous for improving call quality.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a porous block material whose raw materials include zeolite, an adhesive, and a dispersant, wherein the mass of the solid content of the adhesive is 1%-20% of the mass of the zeolite, and the mass of the dispersant is 1%-3% of the mass of the zeolite.

[0007] In specific embodiments of the present invention, the porous block material generally has a multi-order pore structure, i.e., is a porous material, to reduce wind speed and vortex noise. In some specific embodiments, the porous block material generally has primary pores with a pore size of 0.3 nm-0.7 nm, secondary pores with a pore size of 10 nm-50 nm, and tertiary pores with a pore size of 2 μm-200 μm. In some specific embodiments, the tertiary pores may include intergranular pores with a pore size of 2 μm-10 μm and / or array macropores with a pore size of 10 μm-200 μm, and the pore volume of the intergranular pores may be 1%-5% of the pore volume of the tertiary pores. The array macropores may be macropores formed by array needle plates completely or partially penetrating the porous block material.

[0008] In some specific embodiments, the zeolite may comprise one or a combination of two or more of MFI molecular sieves, FER molecular sieves, CHA molecular sieves, MEL molecular sieves, TON molecular sieves, MTT molecular sieves, and ZSM-5 molecular sieves. The particle size of the zeolite is generally 0.5 μm-10 μm. The zeolite generally has micropores with pore sizes of 0.3-0.7 nm and mesopores with pore sizes of 10-30 nm, where the pore volume of the mesopores of the zeolite generally accounts for 20%-45%, preferably 25%-35%, of the total pore volume of the zeolite.

[0009] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the adhesive may include an organic adhesive and / or an inorganic adhesive, typically in the form of a suspension or sol. Here, the organic adhesive may include one or a combination of two or more of a polyacrylate suspension, a polystyrene acetate suspension, a polyvinyl acetate suspension, a polyethylene vinyl acetate suspension, and a polybutadiene rubber suspension. The inorganic adhesive may include a silica sol and / or an alumina sol. The solid content of the adhesive by mass is preferably 5%-15% of the mass of the porous block material.

[0010] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the dispersant may comprise one or a combination of two or more of ethanol, ethylene glycol, glycerol, sodium hexametaphosphate, and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate.

[0011] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the porous block material may further include a pore-forming agent and / or a reinforcing agent. The pore-forming agent can increase the pore volume of the porous block material and typically includes one or a combination of two or more of ammonia water, hydrogen peroxide, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, and sodium carbonate. The mass of the pore-forming agent is typically 0.5%-5%, preferably 1%-3%, of the mass of the zeolite. The reinforcing agent can improve the mechanical properties of the porous block material and typically includes a fibrous material. The fibers in the fibrous material typically have a diameter of 1 μm-10 μm and a length of 20 μm-1 mm. The fibrous material may include chemical fibers and / or plant fibers, preferably inorganic fibers. The mass of the reinforcing agent is typically 3%-15%, preferably 5%-10%, of the mass of the zeolite.

[0012] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the porous block material may be a block material obtained by molding a raw material suspension (if the raw material of the porous block material contains a pore-forming aid and / or a reinforcing aid, the raw material suspension also contains the pore-forming aid and / or the reinforcing aid) by any of processing methods such as extrusion, spraying, casting, and pressing, formed by mixing zeolite, adhesive, dispersant, and additives. In some embodiments, the porous block material may be further manufactured by hot air drying or freeze-drying. The porous block material obtained in this manner generally has a uniform characteristic impedance.

[0013] In specific embodiments of the present invention, the porous block material may be a block material formed by spraying. Specifically, the porous block material can be manufactured by uniformly dispersing a raw material suspension (if the raw materials of the porous block material contain a pore-forming aid and / or a reinforcing aid, the raw material suspension also contains the pore-forming aid and / or the reinforcing aid) formed by mixing zeolite, adhesive, dispersant, filler, and additives onto fiber paper. In some specific embodiments, the porous block material may be formed from a single sheet of fiber paper carrying the raw material suspension, or may be formed by stacking multiple sheets of fiber paper carrying the raw material suspension and press-molding them before drying. The porous block material obtained by such a manufacturing method generally has a characteristic impedance that varies from layer to layer due to the different degrees of penetration of the raw material suspension into the fiber paper.

[0014] In the porous block material, the fiber paper typically contains one or a combination of two or more of polyester fiber, polyamide fiber, polyacrylonitrile fiber, polyvinyl formal fiber, and PETT (polyethylene terephthalate-polytrimethylene terephthalate copolyester) fiber. The thickness of the fiber paper (not carrying the raw material suspension) is typically 50 μm-200 μm, while the thickness of the fiber paper carrying the raw material suspension is typically 100 μm-600 μm. The fiber paper typically has macropores with a pore size of 10 μm-100 μm, which are non-uniform in particle size formed during the fiber paper manufacturing process. The porous block material also contains macropores with a pore size of 1-100 μm, which are formed by the array needle plate completely or partially penetrating the fiber paper. A porous material block containing fiber paper as a raw material may also be called a fibrous porous block. In some specific embodiments, the thickness of the fibrous porous block may be adjusted by the thickness or number of layers of the fibers so that the size of the fibrous porous block matches the size of the space to be filled (typically, the sound channel structure).

[0015] The present invention further provides an electronic device including the porous block material, and specifically, the porous block material may be filled into the electronic device as a sound absorbing material (e.g., filled into the audio channel of the electronic device) to reduce wind noise. In some specific embodiments, the electronic device may be an electronic device with a microphone, such as a TWS earphone.

[0016] The present invention further provides a wind noise reduction device comprising a main body, an arc-shaped cover, and a PCB board, wherein the main body has a tubular structure, one end of which is connected to the PCB board and the other end of which is connected to the arc-shaped cover, an inner sound channel is provided within the main body in the central axial direction, and an outer sound channel is provided within the arc-shaped cover in the horizontal direction, the outer sound channel as a whole having a windmill-like structure and including a central cavity and a plurality of branch channels radially arranged around the central cavity, the central cavity communicating with the inner sound channel, the branch channels radially arranged around the central cavity, and each branch channel has a streamlined arc-shaped structure.

[0017] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the branch channels of the external sound channel have a streamlined arc shape, i.e., the opening of each branch channel extends along an arc from the outside of the arc-shaped cover toward the central cavity. When the ambient wind enters the external sound channel from the outer port, the streamlined arc structure of each branch channel can extend the travel distance and time of the ambient wind, which is beneficial to attenuate the wind speed and achieve a certain noise reduction effect.

[0018] In specific embodiments of the present invention, the main body and the arc-shaped cover may be integrally molded. The plane on which the external audio channel is located is generally parallel or substantially parallel to the horizontal plane of the connection between the main body and the arc-shaped cover. The branch channels of the external audio channel may be uniformly distributed radially around the central cavity. The diameter of each branch channel of the external audio channel generally gradually decreases from the outside toward the inside, with the "outside" defined as the direction away from the PCB board. In some specific embodiments, the external audio channel generally includes two or more channels, such as two, three, or four.

[0019] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the axis of the internal audio channel may be perpendicular to the plane in which the external audio channel is located. One end of the internal audio channel contacts the PCB board, and the other end communicates with the central cavity. The internal audio channel and the external audio channel together constitute the sound pickup channel of the device. In a specific embodiment of the invention, the diameter of each channel in the external audio channels may gradually decrease from the exterior of the device to the interior of the device. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the center of the PCB board is generally provided with a sound pickup hole, which generally communicates with the internal sound channel and further communicates with the central cavity of the sound channel.

[0020] In specific embodiments of the present invention, the shape of the horizontal cross section (parallel to the plane on which the PCB board is located) of the internal audio channel may be circular. The shape of the vertical cross section (perpendicular to the plane on which the PCB board is located) of the internal audio channel may be rectangular or trapezoidal, i.e., the internal audio channel may have an overall cylindrical or truncated conical shape. When the vertical cross section of the internal audio channel is trapezoidal, the diameters of the two ports of the internal audio channel match the diameters of the central cavity and the sound pickup hole of the adjacent external audio channel, respectively. When the axial cross section of the internal audio channel is trapezoidal, the diameter of the port of the internal audio channel closest to the PCB board may be equal to or greater than the diameter of the sound pickup hole. In some specific embodiments, the diameter of the sound pickup hole may be equal to or smaller than the diameter of the central cavity of the external audio channel.

[0021] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the interior of the sound channel may be filled with a porous block material to further reduce the wind speed of the incoming ambient wind, and the porous block material may be the porous block material described above or other porous block materials available in the art that are used as sound absorbing materials. The porous block material may be fixed in the interior of the sound channel to prevent it from falling off. In specific embodiments of the present invention, the porous block material filled in the internal audio channel may have a uniform characteristic impedance, or the characteristic impedance may vary from layer to layer. A porous block material whose characteristic impedance varies from layer to layer is more advantageous for gradually reducing the ambient wind flowing through the internal audio channel and reducing wind noise. In some specific embodiments, the impedance of the porous block material varies from layer to layer in a direction from the central cavity of the external audio channel toward the PCB board. For example, the characteristic impedance of the porous block material may vary from layer to layer so as to gradually increase in a direction from the central cavity of the external audio channel toward the PCB board. The present invention further provides an application of the wind noise reduction device in an electronic device having a microphone, for example, the device is applied to a TWS earphone, which can reduce the impact of wind noise on call quality.

[0022] The present invention further provides a device capable of reducing wind noise, comprising an external sound channel, a zeolite material, and a sound pickup hole, the zeolite material being disposed between the external sound channel and the sound pickup hole, and capable of reducing wind noise caused by ambient wind entering the device from the external sound channel, coming into contact with the zeolite material, and then reaching the sound pickup hole. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the device capable of reducing wind noise may further include an internal sound channel, wherein the sound pickup hole, the internal sound channel, and the external sound channel are generally sequentially connected, and the zeolite material is generally filled in the internal sound channel.

[0023] In some specific embodiments, the zeolite material may comprise one or a combination of two or more of MFI molecular sieves, FER molecular sieves, CHA molecular sieves, MEL molecular sieves, TON molecular sieves, MTT molecular sieves, and ZSM-5 molecular sieves. In some specific embodiments, the particle size of the zeolite material is generally 0.5 μm-10 μm.

[0024] In some specific embodiments, the zeolite material generally has micropores with pore sizes of 0.3-0.7 nm and mesopores with pore sizes of 10-30 nm.

[0025] In some specific embodiments, the mesopore volume of the zeolitic material typically accounts for 20%-45%, preferably 25%-35%, of the total pore volume of the zeolitic material. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the wind noise reduction device may further include an arc-shaped cover, and the external sound channel may be arranged inside the arc-shaped cover along the horizontal direction of the arc-shaped cover. Specifically, the external sound channel may have a windmill-like structure as a whole, and may include a central cavity and a plurality of branch channels arranged radially around the central cavity, the central cavity communicating with the internal sound channel, and each branch channel having a streamlined arc-shaped structure. More specifically, each branch channel of the external sound channel may be uniformly arranged around the central cavity.

[0026] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the device capable of reducing wind noise may further include a PCB board generally having a sound pickup hole at the center.

[0027] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the wind noise reduction device may further include a body having one end connected to the PCB board and the other end connected to the arc-shaped cover, and an internal sound channel is provided inside the body along the central axis of the body. In some specific embodiments, the body may have a tubular structure.

[0028] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, in the device capable of reducing wind noise, the diameter of the port on the side of the inner sound channel adjacent to the outer sound channel generally matches the diameter of the central cavity.

[0029] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, in the device capable of reducing wind noise, the diameter of the port of the internal sound channel on the side closest to the PCB board is generally equal to or larger than the diameter of the sound pickup hole.

[0030] The present invention further provides an application of the wind noise reduction device in an electronic device having a microphone, for example, the device is applied to a TWS earphone, which can reduce the impact of wind noise on call quality.

[0031] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0032] 1. The wind noise reduction device provided by the present invention has a simple structure, good performance, stability, low cost, small volume, and portability. By installing a zeolite material or a porous material block containing zeolite material between the external audio channel and the sound pickup hole, the wind noise of the device can be effectively reduced and the sound quality and call quality can be improved. It is applicable to electronic devices with microphones (e.g., TWS earphones).

[0033] 2. Furthermore, the external audio channel of the device provided by the present invention may have a windmill-like structure and may have multiple channels communicating with the outside world. This effectively reduces the wind speed when ambient wind enters the external audio channel, achieving good noise reduction. The internal audio channel of the device may also be filled with a porous block material, further reducing the wind speed and wind noise. Furthermore, if the characteristic impedance of the porous block material varies from layer to layer, the characteristic impedance will vary as the porous block material changes within the internal audio channel, more effectively reducing the wind speed and wind noise. The special design of the external audio channel structure and the filling of the internal audio channel with a porous block material gradually reduce the wind speed of ambient wind entering the device and moving toward the sound pickup hole, synergistically reducing wind noise and effectively improving sound quality and call quality. This is applicable to electronic devices with microphones (e.g., TWS earphones). [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0034] [Figure 1] 3 is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of tertiary pores in the porous block material according to Example 1. FIG. [Figure 2] FIG. 10 is a shaft-side outline view of the device capable of reducing wind noise according to the third to fifth embodiments. [Figure 3] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the shaft side of the device capable of reducing wind noise according to the third to fifth embodiments. [Figure 4]FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of the device capable of reducing wind noise according to Examples 3 and 4, in which the porous block material is not shown. [Figure 5] 10 is a cross-sectional view of a device capable of reducing wind noise according to a third or fourth embodiment, in which a porous block material is illustrated. FIG. [Figure 6] 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of the device capable of reducing wind noise according to Example 5, in which the porous block material is not shown. [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a device capable of reducing wind noise according to a fifth embodiment, in which a porous block material is illustrated. [Explanation of symbols]

[0035] 1 main body, 2 arc-shaped cover, 3 PCB board, 11 internal audio channel, 21 external audio channel, 211, 212, 213, 214 branch channels of external audio channel, 31 sound receiving hole, 4 porous block material DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0036] In order to make the technical features, objectives and beneficial effects of the present invention more clearly understood, the technical solutions of the present invention are described in detail below, but should not be understood as limiting the applicable scope of the present invention.

[0037] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or the number of technical features referred to. Thus, a feature qualified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more than two, unless otherwise specified.

[0038] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the porous block material may be a block obtained by molding a raw material suspension made of zeolite powder, an adhesive, and a dispersant (which may further contain a pore-forming aid and / or a reinforcing aid) by any of extrusion, spraying, casting, and pressing, and then by hot air drying or freeze-drying. Alternatively, the porous block material may be a block produced by uniformly dispersing the raw material suspension in fiber paper.

[0039] In specific embodiments of the present invention, the porous block material may have a multi-order pore structure, typically including primary pores with a pore size of 0.3-0.7 nm, secondary pores with a pore size of 10-50 nm, and tertiary pores with a pore size of 2-200 μm. In some specific embodiments, the tertiary pores may include intergranular pores with a pore size of 2-10 μm and / or array macropores with a pore size of 10-200 μm, and the pore volume of the intergranular pores may be 1%-5% of the pore volume of the tertiary pores. The array macropores may be macropores formed by pressing with an array needle plate, which is a parallel needle plate formed by etching a silicon substrate, with each needle having a diameter of 10-200 μm and an array needle density of 30 needles / cm.

[0040] In the porous block material, the zeolite material may include one or a combination of two or more of MFI molecular sieves, FER molecular sieves, CHA molecular sieves, MEL molecular sieves, TON molecular sieves, and MTT molecular sieves. The particle size of the zeolite material may be 0.5 μm-10 μm. The zeolite material generally has micropores with pore sizes of 0.3-0.7 nm and mesopores with pore sizes of 10-30 nm. The pore volume of the mesopores generally accounts for 20%-45%, preferably 25%-35%, of the total pore volume of the zeolite material.

[0041] The adhesive in the porous block material may be in the form of a suspension or sol, and the solid content of the adhesive is generally controlled to 1%-20% by mass, preferably 5%-15% by mass of the zeolite material. The adhesive may include an organic adhesive and / or an inorganic adhesive. Here, the organic adhesive may include one or a combination of two or more of a polyacrylate suspension, a polystyrene acetate suspension, a polyvinyl acetate suspension, a polyethylene vinyl acetate suspension, and a polybutadiene rubber suspension. The inorganic adhesive may include a silica sol and / or an alumina sol.

[0042] In the porous block material, the mass of the dispersant is generally controlled to 1%-3% of the mass of the zeolite material, and the dispersant may include one or a combination of two or more of ethanol, ethylene glycol, glycerin, sodium hexametaphosphate, and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate.

[0043] The additives in the porous block material may include a pore-forming additive and / or a reinforcing additive. The pore-forming additive increases the pore volume of the porous block material. The mass of the pore-forming additive is generally controlled to 0.5%-5%, preferably 1%-3%, of the mass of the zeolite material, and typically includes one or a combination of two or more of ammonia water, hydrogen peroxide, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, and sodium carbonate. The reinforcing additive improves the mechanical properties of the porous block material. The mass of the reinforcing additive is generally controlled to 3%-15%, preferably 5%-10%, of the mass of the zeolite material. The reinforcing additive generally includes a fibrous material, the fibers of which generally have a diameter of 1 μm-10 μm and a length of 20 μm-1 mm. The fibrous material may include chemical fibers and / or plant fibers, and the chemical fibers preferably include inorganic fibers.

[0044] Example 1 This example provides a porous block material manufactured from a raw material suspension containing zeolite material, adhesive, dispersant, pore-forming agent, and reinforcing agent. The block exhibits a uniform distribution of characteristic impedance throughout the material. The zeolite material is ZSM-5 molecular sieve with a particle size of 1.2 μm. The molecular sieve contains micropores with an average pore size of 0.748 nm and mesopores with an average pore size of 14.39 nm, with the mesopore volume accounting for 29% of the total pore volume of the zeolite material. The adhesive is a polyacrylate suspension with a mass of 9% of the zeolite material. The dispersant is glycerin with a mass of 1.5% of the zeolite material. The pore-forming agent is ammonia water with a mass of 2% of the zeolite material. The reinforcing agent is glass fiber with a mass of 8% of the zeolite material.

[0045] In this example, the porous block was prepared as follows: 100 g of ZSM-5 powder, 100 g of water, 18 g of a 50% solids polyacrylate suspension, 1.5 g of glycerin, 2 g of aqueous ammonia, and 8 g of glass fiber were mixed with ultrasonic waves for 3 minutes and stirred for 30 minutes to produce a homogeneous raw material suspension. This raw material suspension was then introduced into a pre-prepared mold, cryogenically frozen at -40°C, sublimated at low temperature, and dehydrated by heating analysis. After dehydration, the molded product was pressed with an array needle plate to form holes, and then demolded by pushing up the plate to produce a porous block.

[0046] The porous block material used in this example has a tertiary pore structure consisting of primary pores with a pore diameter of 0.748 nm, secondary pores with a pore diameter of 14.27 nm, and tertiary pores with an average pore diameter of 67.9 μm. The tertiary pores include intergranular pores with a diameter of 5.6 μm (i.e., pores formed by the accumulation of crystal grains) and array macropores with a diameter of 120 μm. The array macropores may be fabricated using the array needle plate. The arrangement of the array macropores includes, but is not limited to, the arrangement shown in FIG. 1. The pore diameter of the intergranular pores in the porous block material can be measured using a mercury porosimeter on a porous block material that does not contain array macropores before fabricating the array macropores in the porous block material using the array needle plate.

[0047] Example 2 This example provides a porous block material produced by uniformly dispersing a raw material suspension formed from a zeolite material, adhesive, dispersant, and pore-forming aid on fiber paper. The zeolite material is a ZSM-5 molecular sieve with a particle size of 1.2 μm. The molecular sieve contains micropores with an average pore size of 0.748 nm and mesopores with an average pore size of 14.39 nm, with the mesopore volume accounting for 29% of the total pore volume of the zeolite material. The adhesive is a polyacrylate suspension with a mass of 7% of the zeolite material. The dispersant is glycerin with a mass of 1% of the zeolite material. The pore-forming aid is ammonia water with a mass of 2% of the zeolite material.

[0048] The specific manufacturing process for this example of a porous block material is as follows: 100 g of ZSM-5 powder, 100 g of water, 14 g of a 50% solids polyacrylate suspension, 1 g of glycerin, and 2 g of aqueous ammonia are mixed with 3 minutes of ultrasonic waves and 30 minutes of stirring to form a uniform suspension. Fiber paper is then immersed in the slurry for 10 minutes, pressed with a flat plate, cryogenically freeze-molded at -40°C, subjected to vacuum low-temperature sublimation, and dehydrated by temperature-elevation analysis. The porous block is then pressed with an array needle plate to create holes, and released by a plate push-up to produce a porous block material. The porous block thus formed has a characteristic impedance that varies with each layer.

[0049] The porous block material of this example has a tertiary pore structure consisting of primary pores with a pore size of 0.748 nm, secondary pores with a pore size of 14.27 nm, and tertiary pores. The tertiary pores include macropores with a pore size of 10 μm-100 μm in the fiber paper and 80 μm macropores formed by the array needle plate. The tertiary pores also include intergranular pores. However, the macropores in the fiber paper used in this example primarily perform sound absorption functions, and their large pore size interferes with the measurement results of the intergranular pore size. Therefore, the specific pore size of the intergranular pores will not be discussed here.

[0050] Example 3 This embodiment provides a device that can reduce wind noise. Fig. 2 is an outline view of the device according to this embodiment from the shaft side, and the dashed lines in Fig. 2 indicate the perspective structure. Fig. 3 is an axial cross-sectional view of the device according to this embodiment, Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the AA plane in Fig. 3, and Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the device in Fig. 4 filled with a porous block material. 2 to 5, the device includes a main body 1, an arc-shaped cover 2, and a PCB board 3. The main body 1 has a tubular structure with one end closed by the PCB board 3 and the other end closed by the arc-shaped cover 2, and together with the PCB board 3 and the arc-shaped cover 2, forms a cylindrical body with one end arc-shaped, i.e., the solid part of the device.

[0051] An external sound channel 21 having a windmill-like structure is provided inside the arc-shaped cover 2. The external sound channel 21 consists of a central cavity and branch channels 211, 212, 213, and 214. The central cavity is located at the center of the horizontal plane where the main body 1 and the arc-shaped cover 2 are connected. Branch channels 211, 212, 213, and 214 extend uniformly radially from the central cavity toward the arc-shaped cover 2. That is, one end opening of each branch channel is connected to the central cavity, and the other end opening is connected to the outside of the arc-shaped cover 2. The branch channels are located on approximately the same plane in the horizontal direction. Each branch channel has a streamlined arc-like shape, with its diameter gradually decreasing from the outside to the inside.

[0052] An internal sound channel 11 is provided inside the main body 1 in the central axial direction, and the axial cross section of the internal sound channel 11 is rectangular and the cross section is circular. As shown in Figure 5, the internal sound channel 11 is filled with a porous block material 4. This porous block material 4 is the porous block material manufactured in Example 1. A through sound pickup hole 31 is provided in the center of the PCB board 3. The PCB board 3 used in this embodiment is equipped with a microphone.

[0053] The sound receiving hole 31, the internal sound channel 11, and the central cavity are in communication with each other in this order. The diameter of the internal sound channel 11 is larger than the diameter of the sound receiving hole 31 and matches the diameter of the central cavity.

[0054] When the device of this embodiment is used, the ambient wind first enters the device through the ports of each branch channel of the external audio channel 21 and slows down. After slowing down, the ambient wind continues to enter the internal audio channel 11 and comes into contact with the porous block material 4. The porous structure of the porous block material 4 further reduces the wind speed. As a result of the ambient wind being slowed down multiple times, the wind noise generated by it is significantly reduced, achieving the effect of improving sound quality.

[0055] Example 4 This embodiment provides a device capable of reducing wind noise, and the structure of the device is almost the same as that of the device according to the third embodiment, except for the porous block material filled in the internal sound channel 11. This embodiment employs the porous block material manufactured in the second embodiment, which has a characteristic impedance that varies from layer to layer.

[0056] When the device according to this embodiment is in use, ambient wind first enters the device interior of external audio channel 21 through the ports of each branch channel of external audio channel 21 and slows down. Once slowed down, the ambient wind continues to enter internal audio channel 11 and comes into contact with porous block material 4. The multi-order pore structure of porous block material 4 further reduces the wind speed. In addition, because the impedance characteristics of the fiber paper block change from layer to layer from top to bottom (along the direction from external audio channel 21 to PCB board 3), the wind noise generated by the ambient wind is reduced multiple times across multiple layers before it reaches sound pickup hole 31, thereby reducing noise interference and improving call quality.

[0057] Example 5 This embodiment provides a device that can reduce wind noise.

[0058] Fig. 2 is an outline view of the shaft side of the device according to this embodiment, and the broken lines in Fig. 2 indicate the perspective structure. Fig. 6 is an axial cross-sectional view of the device according to this embodiment, Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the AA plane in Fig. 6, and Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the device in Fig. 6 filled with a porous block material.

[0059] As shown in Figures 2, 4, 6, and 7, the device includes a main body 1, an arc-shaped cover 2, and a PCB board 3. The main body 1 has a tubular structure with one end closed by the PCB board 3 and the other end closed by the arc-shaped cover 2, and together with the PCB board 3 and the arc-shaped cover 2, forms a cylindrical body with one end arc-shaped, i.e., the solid part of the device.

[0060] An external sound channel 21 with a windmill-like structure is provided inside the arc-shaped cover 2. The external sound channel 21 consists of a central cavity and branch channels 211, 212, 213, and 214. The central cavity is located at the center of the horizontal plane where the main body 1 and the arc-shaped cover 2 are connected. Branch channels 211, 212, 213, and 214 extend uniformly radially from the central cavity toward the arc-shaped cover 2. That is, one end opening of each branch channel is connected to the central cavity, and the other end opening is connected to the outside of the arc-shaped cover 2. The branch channels are located on approximately the same plane in the horizontal direction. Each branch channel has a streamlined arc-like shape, with its diameter gradually decreasing from the outside to the inside.

[0061] An internal sound channel 11 is provided inside the main body 1 in the central axial direction, and the axial cross section of the internal sound channel 11 is trapezoidal and the cross section is circular. As shown in Figure 7, the internal sound channel 11 is filled with a porous block material 4. This porous block material 4 is the porous block material manufactured in Example 1.

[0062] A through sound pickup hole 31 is provided in the center of the PCB board 3. The PCB board 3 used in this embodiment is equipped with a microphone.

[0063] The sound receiving hole 31, the internal sound channel 11, and the central cavity are in communication with each other. The diameters of both ends of the internal sound channel 11 match the diameters of the adjacent sound receiving hole 31 and the central cavity, respectively.

[0064] Test Example 1 This test example provides test results on the effects of different porous block materials and channel structures on wind speed. See Table 1 for details. A SMARTAS8336 anemometer was used for the wind speed test. Table 1 shows the test results for wind speed through the porous block material and different audio channel structures. Experiment 1 is the wind speed through a porous block material with constant impedance characteristics (the porous block material of Example 1). Experiment 2 is the wind speed through a porous block material with layer-by-layer varying impedance characteristics (the porous block material of Example 2). Experiment 3 is the wind speed through the device of Example 3 with a windmill-shaped external audio channel (not filled with the porous block material of Example 3). Experiment 4 is the wind speed through the device of Example 4 filled with the porous block material of Example 2 and with a windmill-shaped external audio channel. Experiment 5 is the wind speed through the microphone channel of a TWS earphone (not filled with the porous block material of the present invention).

[0065] The specific structure of the TWS earphone microphone used in Experiment 5 is as follows: the acoustic inlet member has a straight duct, one end of which is open to form an acoustic inlet hole, the other end of which is connected to an acoustic absorbing cavity, the interior of which is filled with foam to dampen the airflow, and the end of the acoustic absorbing cavity away from the sound inlet hole is the microphone's sound pickup hole. The main operating principle of the TWS earphone microphone is that when airflow generated by wind passes through the acoustic inlet member, the airflow is damped to a certain extent by the acoustic inlet hole, and then damped by the acoustic absorbing cavity before reaching the microphone's sound pickup hole, providing a certain buffering effect on wind noise signals.

[0066] [Table 1]

[0067] As can be seen from Table 1, both the porous block material provided by the present invention and the windmill-shaped external sound channel structure can effectively reduce wind speed, but the porous block material with a characteristic impedance that varies with each layer is more effective at reducing wind speed than the porous block material with a constant characteristic impedance. Furthermore, an electronic device with a windmill-shaped external sound channel structure and a porous block material with a characteristic impedance that varies with each layer can almost completely eliminate wind speed and wind noise.

Claims

1. A porous block material, The raw materials include zeolite, an adhesive, and a dispersant, the mass of the solid content of the adhesive being 1% to 20% of the mass of the zeolite, and the mass of the dispersant being 1% to 3% of the mass of the zeolite; The porous block material has a multi-order pore structure, the porous block material has primary pores with a pore diameter of 0.3 nm to 0.7 nm, secondary pores with a pore diameter of 10 nm to 50 nm, and tertiary pores with a pore diameter of 2 μm to 200 μm; the tertiary pores include intergranular pores having a pore size of 2 μm to 10 μm and / or array macropores having a pore size of 10 μm to 200 μm; A porous block material characterized in that the pore volume of the intergranular pores accounts for 1% to 5% of the pore volume of the tertiary pores.

2. The zeolite comprises one or a combination of two or more of MFI molecular sieves, FER molecular sieves, CHA molecular sieves, MEL molecular sieves, TON molecular sieves, MTT molecular sieves, and ZSM-5 molecular sieves; The particle size of the zeolite is 0.5 μm to 10 μm, The zeolite has micropores with a pore size of 0.3 nm to 0.7 nm and mesopores with a pore size of 10 nm to 30 nm, 2. The porous block material according to claim 1, wherein the pore volume of the mesopores of the zeolite accounts for 20% to 45% of the total pore volume of the zeolite, and the pore volume of the mesopores of the zeolite accounts for 25% to 35% of the total pore volume of the zeolite.

3. the adhesive comprises an organic adhesive and / or an inorganic adhesive; the organic adhesive comprises one or a combination of two or more of a polyacrylate suspension, a polystyrene acetate suspension, a polyvinyl acetate suspension, a polyethylene vinyl acetate suspension, and a polybutadiene rubber suspension; the inorganic adhesive comprises silica sol and / or alumina sol; The mass of the solid content of the adhesive is 5% to 15% of the mass of the zeolite; 2. The porous block material according to claim 1, wherein the dispersant comprises one or a combination of two or more of ethanol, ethylene glycol, glycerol, sodium hexametaphosphate, and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate.

4. The porous block material further contains a pore-forming aid and / or a reinforcing aid, the mass of the pore-forming aid is 0.5% to 5% or 1% to 3% of the mass of the zeolite; the pore-forming aid comprises one or a combination of two or more of ammonia water, hydrogen peroxide, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, and sodium carbonate; the mass of the reinforcing aid is 3% to 15% or 5% to 10% of the mass of the zeolite; 2. The porous block material according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcing aid comprises a fibrous material, the fibrous material comprising chemical fibers and / or plant fibers, the chemical fibers comprising inorganic fibers, and the fibers of the fibrous material have a diameter of 1 μm to 10 μm and a length of 20 μm to 1 mm.

5. The mass of the pore-forming aid is 1% to 3% of the mass of the zeolite, 5. The porous block material according to claim 4, wherein the mass of the reinforcing agent is 5% to 10% of the mass of the zeolite.

6. 2. The porous block material according to claim 1, wherein the porous block material is formed by extruding, spraying, casting, or pressing a raw material suspension formed by mixing zeolite, an adhesive, and a dispersant, and the porous block material has a uniform characteristic impedance.

7. The porous block material is manufactured by uniformly dispersing a raw material suspension formed by mixing zeolite, an adhesive, and a dispersant into fiber paper, The fiber paper contains one or a combination of two or more of polyester fiber, polyamide fiber, polyacrylonitrile fiber, polyvinyl formal fiber, and PETT fiber, the thickness of the fiber paper is 50 μm to 200 μm, and the thickness of the fiber paper carrying the raw material suspension is 100 μm to 600 μm; The fiber paper has macropores with a pore diameter of 10 μm to 100 μm, 2. The porous block material according to claim 1, wherein the manufactured porous block material has a characteristic impedance that changes from layer to layer.

8. 1. An electronic device, comprising: The porous block material according to claim 1 is included, The electronic device is characterized in that the porous block material is filled in the electronic device to reduce wind noise.

9. the electronic device has a microphone; The electronic device of claim 8 , wherein the electronic device comprises a TWS earphone.

10. The device includes a main body, an arc-shaped cover, and a PCB board; The body has a tubular structure, one end of the body is connected to the PCB board, and the other end is connected to the arc-shaped cover, and an internal audio channel is provided inside the body along a central axis; An external sound channel is provided horizontally inside the arc-shaped cover, the external sound channel has a windmill-like structure as a whole, and includes a central cavity and a plurality of branch channels arranged radially around the central cavity, the central cavity is in communication with the internal sound channel, and each branch channel has a streamlined arc-shaped structure; The porous block material according to claim 1 is filled in the internal sound channel, the characteristic impedance of the porous block material varies from layer to layer in a direction from the central cavity of the external audio channel toward the PCB board; A device capable of reducing wind noise, characterized in that the characteristic impedance of the porous block material gradually increases in the direction from the central cavity of the external audio channel toward the PCB board.

11. 11. The device capable of reducing wind noise according to claim 10, wherein each branch channel of the external sound channel is uniformly disposed around the central cavity.

12. 11. The device capable of reducing wind noise according to claim 10, wherein the diameter of each branch channel of the external audio channel gradually decreases from the exterior to the interior of the device.

13. A sound pickup hole communicating with the internal audio channel is provided at the center of the PCB board, the horizontal cross-sectional shape of the internal audio channel is circular; 11. The device of claim 10, wherein the internal sound channel has an axial cross-sectional shape that is rectangular or trapezoidal.

14. 14. The device of claim 13, wherein the diameter of the port of the internal audio channel adjacent to the external audio channel matches the diameter of the central cavity, and the diameter of the port of the internal audio channel adjacent to the PCB board is equal to or greater than the diameter of the sound pickup hole.

15. 11. Use of the device according to claim 10, capable of reducing wind noise, in an electronic device having a microphone, wherein the electronic device having a microphone includes a TWS earphone.

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