Display device including light-emitting element

Abstract

To provide a display device capable of increasing an amount of light passing through an opening of a black matrix positioned on a light-emitting element.SOLUTION: A light-emitting element for emitting light is positioned in each pixel region. An encapsulation unit is positioned on the light-emitting element. A black matrix is positioned on the encapsulation unit. An opening of the black matrix overlaps with the light-emitting element in a first direction. A groove that is a region recessed in a direction of a substrate is formed on an upper surface of a control insulation film. An optical lens is positioned on the groove of the control insulation film.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a display device in which a light-emitting element is located above a pixel region of an element substrate. [Background technology]

[0002] Generally, a display device provides an image to a user. For example, the display device may include a number of light-emitting elements. Each light-emitting element may emit light representing a specific color. For example, each light-emitting element may include a first electrode, a light-emitting layer, and a second electrode stacked in order.

[0003] An image reproduced by the display device may not be recognized by people around the user. For example, the display device may include a viewing angle control unit for restricting the direction of travel of light emitted from each light-emitting element. The viewing angle control unit may include at least one layer of black matrix. The black matrix may include openings overlapping the light-emitting elements. Light generated by each light-emitting element may be emitted to the outside through one of the openings in the black matrix.

[0004] However, in a display device, the black matrix may reduce the amount of light provided to a user, i.e., the black matrix may reduce the extraction efficiency of light generated by each light emitting element in the display device, which may result in an overall reduction in brightness of an image reproduced in the display device. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a display device that can limit the viewing angle and improve the light extraction efficiency.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide a display device that can increase the amount of light passing through openings in a black matrix located above light emitting elements.

[0007] The problems to be solved by the present invention are not limited to those mentioned above. Problems not mentioned here will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] To achieve the above object, a display device according to the technical idea of the present invention includes an element substrate. A bank insulating film and a light-emitting element are positioned on the element substrate. The bank insulating film defines a light-emitting area. The light-emitting element is positioned above the light-emitting area. An encapsulation unit is positioned on the bank insulating film and the light-emitting element. A black matrix and a control insulating film are positioned on the encapsulation unit. The black matrix includes an opening positioned above the light-emitting element. The control insulating film covers the black matrix. An optical lens is positioned on the control insulating film. The optical lens overlaps the light-emitting area. A control groove is positioned on an upper surface of the control insulating film facing the optical lens. The control groove is positioned within the light-emitting area.

[0009] On the top surface of the control insulating film, the control grooves may be the same size as the openings in the black matrix.

[0010] An optical member may be positioned between the control insulating film and the optical lens. The optical member may fill the control groove. The refractive index of the optical member may be configured to be greater than the refractive index of the control insulating film.

[0011] The optical lens may include an optical element and other materials.

[0012] The surface of the control groove facing the device substrate may include a first bottom surface and a second bottom surface. The first bottom surface may be inclined in a first direction. The second bottom surface may be inclined in a second direction. The second direction may be different from the first direction.

[0013] The size of the control groove may decrease toward the device substrate.

[0014] The second bottom surface may be symmetrical to the first bottom surface with respect to the center of the light emitting region.

[0015] The light-emitting area may be larger than the opening of the black matrix.

[0016] To achieve another object of the present invention, a display device according to the technical idea of the present invention includes an element substrate. A light-emitting element and a sealing unit are located on the element substrate. The light-emitting element is located above a pixel region. The sealing unit covers the light-emitting element. A first black matrix is located on the sealing unit. The first black matrix includes a first opening overlapping the light-emitting element. The first black matrix is covered by a control insulating film. The control insulating film includes a control groove located above the light-emitting element. An optical lens is located on the control insulating film. The optical lens overlaps the light-emitting element. The optical lens includes a region located within the control groove.

[0017] The refractive index of the optical lens may be configured to be greater than the refractive index of the control insulating film.

[0018] The side surface of the control groove may extend in a direction perpendicular to the upper surface of the control insulating film facing the optical lens.

[0019] On the upper surface of the control insulating film, the control groove may be configured to be smaller than the opening of the black matrix.

[0020] The lower surface of the optical lens facing the element substrate can be configured to be larger than the opening of the black matrix.

[0021] On the upper surface of the control insulating film, the plane of the control groove may have a different shape than the plane of the lower surface of the optical lens.

[0022] A second black matrix may be positioned on the control insulating film. The second black matrix may overlap the first black matrix. The second black matrix may include a second opening. The second opening may overlap the first opening. The control groove may be located within the second opening.

[0023] The second opening may be the same size as the first opening. [Effects of the Invention]

[0024] A display device according to the present invention includes a black matrix disposed over a light-emitting element, a control insulating film covering the black matrix, and an optical lens disposed over the control insulating film, wherein the black matrix includes an opening overlapping the light-emitting element, and the control insulating film includes a control groove disposed between the light-emitting element and the optical lens. As a result, in a display device according to the present invention, light generated by the light-emitting element can be refracted toward the optical lens by the control groove. That is, in a display device according to the present invention, the extraction efficiency of light generated by the light-emitting element can be improved. Therefore, a display device according to the present invention can increase the amount of light provided to a user. In addition, a display device according to the present invention can reduce brightness deviation due to azimuth angle. Furthermore, a display device according to the present invention can be driven with low power due to improved light extraction, thereby reducing power consumption. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0025] [Figure 1] 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] 2 is a diagram illustrating a circuit of a unit pixel region in a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 3] 1 is a diagram showing a cross section of a pixel region in a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the K1 region in FIG. 3. [Figure 5] 1A to 1C are diagrams sequentially illustrating a method of forming a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] 1A to 1C are diagrams sequentially illustrating a method of forming a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] 1A to 1C are diagrams sequentially illustrating a method of forming a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8] 1A to 1C are diagrams sequentially illustrating a method of forming a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 9]1A to 1C are diagrams sequentially illustrating a method of forming a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a display device according to another embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 11] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a display device according to another embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 12] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a display device according to another embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 13] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a display device according to another embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 14] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a display device according to another embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 15] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a display device according to another embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 16] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a display device according to another embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 17] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a display device according to another embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 18] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a display device according to another embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 19] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a display device according to another embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 20] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a display device according to another embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 21] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a display device according to another embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 22] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a display device according to another embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 23] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a display device according to another embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0026] The purpose, technical configuration, and operational effects of the present invention will be more clearly understood from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the drawings illustrating embodiments of the present invention. The embodiments of the present invention are provided to fully convey the technical concept of the present invention to those skilled in the art, and the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below, and may be embodied in other forms.

[0027] Furthermore, parts denoted by the same reference numerals throughout the specification refer to the same components, and the length and thickness of layers or regions in the drawings may be exaggerated for convenience. Note that when a first element is described as being "on" a second element, this does not only mean that the first element is located above and in direct contact with the second element, but also includes the case where a third element is located between the first and second elements.

[0028] Here, the terms "first," "second," etc. are used to describe various components and to distinguish one component from another, but the first component and the second component may be arbitrarily named according to the convenience of those skilled in the art without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention.

[0029] The terms used in the present specification are merely used to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. For example, elements expressed in the singular include plural elements unless the context clearly indicates only the singular. Furthermore, in the present specification, terms such as "comprise" or "have" are intended to specify the presence of features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof described above in the specification, and should be understood not to preclude the presence or possibility of addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

[0030] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. Terms defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as meanings consistent with the meanings they have in the context of the relevant art, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless clearly defined in the specification of the present invention.

[0031] (Example) 1 is a diagram illustrating a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG 2 is a diagram illustrating a circuit of a unit pixel area in the display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] 1 and 2, a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a display panel DP, which may generate an image to be presented to a user.

[0033] For example, the display panel DP may include a number of pixel areas PA. Various signals may be provided to each pixel area PA through signal wiring GL, DL, and PL. For example, the signal wiring GL, DL, and PL may include a gate line GL that applies a gate signal to each pixel area PA, a data line DL that applies a data signal to each pixel area PA, and a power supply voltage supply line PL that supplies a power supply voltage to each pixel area PA. The gate line GL may be electrically connected to a gate driver GD, and the data line DL may be electrically connected to a data driver DD. The gate driver GD and the data driver DD may be controlled by a timing controller TC. For example, the gate driver GD may receive a clock signal, a reset signal, and a start signal from the timing controller TC, and the data driver DD may receive digital video data and a source timing signal from the timing controller TC. The power supply voltage supply line PL may be electrically connected to a power supply unit PU.

[0034] The display panel DP may include a display area AA in which the pixel area PA is located and a bezel area BZ located outside the display area AA. At least one of the gate driver GD, the data driver DD, the timing controller TC, and the power supply unit PU may be located above the bezel area BZ of the display panel DP. For example, a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention may be a Gate-In-Panel type display device in which the gate driver GD is formed above the bezel area BZ of the display panel DP.

[0035] Each pixel area PA may embody a specific color. For example, a pixel driving circuit DC electrically connected to the light emitting element 300 may be located in each pixel area PA. The pixel driving circuit DC of each pixel area PA may be located on an element substrate 100. The element substrate 100 may include an insulating material. For example, the element substrate 100 may include glass or plastic.

[0036] The pixel driving circuit DC of each pixel area PA may supply a driving current corresponding to a data signal to the light emitting element 300 of the corresponding pixel area PA for one frame in response to a gate signal. For example, the pixel driving circuit DC of each pixel area PA may include a first thin film transistor T1, a second thin film transistor T2, and a storage capacitor Cst.

[0037] 3 is a cross-sectional view of a pixel region in a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the K1 region in FIG.

[0038] 2 to 4, the first thin film transistor T1 may include a first semiconductor pattern, a first gate electrode, a first drain electrode, and a first source electrode. The first thin film transistor T1 may transmit a data signal to the second thin film transistor T2 in response to a gate signal. For example, the first thin film transistor T1 may be a switching thin film transistor. The first gate electrode may be electrically connected to one of the gate lines GL, and the first drain electrode may be electrically connected to one of the data lines DL.

[0039] The first semiconductor pattern may include a semiconductor material. For example, the first semiconductor pattern may include amorphous silicon (a-Si), polycrystalline silicon (Poly-Si), or an oxide semiconductor such as IGZO. The first semiconductor pattern may include a first drain region, a first channel region, and a first source region. The first channel region may be located between the first drain region and the first source region. The resistance of the first drain region and the first source region may be configured to be smaller than the resistance of the first channel region. For example, the first drain region and the first source region may include conductive regions of an oxide semiconductor. The first channel region may be a non-conductive region of the oxide semiconductor.

[0040] The first gate electrode may include a conductive material. For example, the first gate electrode may include a metal such as aluminum (Al), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), titanium (Ti), and tungsten (W). The first gate electrode may be located on the first semiconductor pattern. For example, the first gate electrode may overlap a first channel region of the first semiconductor pattern. The first source region and the first drain region of the first semiconductor pattern may be located outside the first gate electrode. The first gate electrode may be insulated from the first semiconductor pattern. For example, the first source region of the first semiconductor pattern may be electrically connected to the first drain region of the first semiconductor pattern by a gate signal.

[0041] The first drain electrode may include a conductive material. For example, the first drain electrode may include a metal such as aluminum (Al), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), titanium (Ti), and tungsten (W). The first drain electrode may include a material other than the first gate electrode. The first drain electrode may be located on a different layer from the first gate electrode. For example, the first drain electrode may be insulated from the first gate electrode. The first drain electrode may be electrically connected to the first drain region of the first semiconductor pattern.

[0042] The first source electrode may include a conductive material. For example, the first source electrode may include a metal such as aluminum (Al), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), titanium (Ti), and tungsten (W). The first source electrode may include a material other than the first gate electrode. The first source electrode may be located on a different layer from the first gate electrode. For example, the first source electrode may be located on the same layer as the first drain electrode. The first source electrode may include the same material as the first drain electrode. The first source electrode may be insulated from the first gate electrode. The first source electrode may be electrically connected to the first source region of the first semiconductor pattern.

[0043] The second thin film transistor T2 may include a second semiconductor pattern 221, a second gate electrode 223, a second drain electrode 225, and a second source electrode 227. The second thin film transistor T2 may generate a driving current corresponding to a data signal. For example, the second thin film transistor T2 may be a driving thin film transistor. The second gate electrode 223 may be electrically connected to the first source electrode, and the second drain electrode 225 may be electrically connected to one of the voltage lines PL.

[0044] The second semiconductor pattern 221 may include a semiconductor material. For example, the second semiconductor pattern 221 may include amorphous silicon (a-Si), polycrystalline silicon (Poly-Si), or an oxide semiconductor such as IGZO. The second semiconductor pattern 221 may include a second channel region located between the second drain region and the second source region. The second drain region and the second source region may have a lower resistance than the second channel region. For example, the second drain region and the second source region may include conductive regions of an oxide semiconductor, and the second channel region may be a non-conductive region of the oxide semiconductor.

[0045] The second semiconductor pattern 221 may include the same material as the first semiconductor pattern. The second semiconductor pattern 221 may be located on the same layer as the first semiconductor pattern. For example, the second semiconductor pattern 221 may be formed simultaneously with the first semiconductor pattern. The resistance of the second channel region may be the same as the resistance of the first channel region.

[0046] The second gate electrode 223 may include a conductive material. For example, the second gate electrode 223 may include a metal such as aluminum (Al), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), titanium (Ti), and tungsten (W). The second gate electrode 223 may be located on the second semiconductor pattern 221. For example, the second gate electrode 223 may overlap with the second channel region of the second semiconductor pattern 221. The second drain region and the second source region of the second semiconductor pattern 221 may be located outside the second gate electrode 223. The second gate electrode 223 may be insulated from the second semiconductor pattern 221. For example, the second channel region of the second semiconductor pattern 221 may have electrical conductivity corresponding to a voltage applied to the second gate electrode 223.

[0047] The second gate electrode 223 may include the same material as the first gate electrode. The second gate electrode 223 may be located on the same layer as the first gate electrode. For example, the second gate electrode 223 may be formed simultaneously with the first gate electrode.

[0048] The second drain electrode 225 may include a conductive material. For example, the second drain electrode 225 may include a metal such as aluminum (Al), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), titanium (Ti), and tungsten (W). The second drain electrode 225 may include a different material from the second gate electrode 223. The second drain electrode 225 may be located on a different layer from the second gate electrode 223. For example, the second drain electrode 225 may be insulated from the second gate electrode 223. The second drain electrode 225 may be electrically connected to the second drain region of the second semiconductor pattern 221.

[0049] The second drain electrode 225 may be located on the same layer as the first drain electrode. The second drain electrode 225 may include the same material as the first drain electrode. For example, the second drain electrode 225 may be formed simultaneously with the first drain electrode.

[0050] The second source electrode 227 may include a conductive material. For example, the second source electrode 227 may include a metal such as aluminum (Al), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), titanium (Ti), and tungsten (W). The second source electrode 227 may include a different material from the second gate electrode 223. The second source electrode 227 may be located on a different layer from the second gate electrode 223. For example, the second source electrode 227 may be located on the same layer as the second drain electrode 225. The second source electrode 227 may include the same material as the second drain electrode 225. The second source electrode 227 may be insulated from the second gate electrode 223. The second source electrode 227 may be electrically connected to the second source region of the second semiconductor pattern 221.

[0051] The second source electrode 227 may be located on the same layer as the first source electrode. The second source electrode 227 may include the same material as the first source electrode. For example, the second source electrode 227 may be formed at the same time as the first source electrode.

[0052] The storage capacitor Cst may maintain a signal applied to the second gate electrode 223 of the second thin film transistor T2 for one frame. For example, the storage capacitor Cst may be electrically connected between the second gate electrode 223 and the second source electrode 227 of the second thin film transistor T2. The storage capacitor Cst may have a stacked structure of capacitor electrodes. The storage capacitor Cst may be formed using the same process as the first thin film transistor T1 and the second thin film transistor T2. For example, the storage capacitor Cst may include a first capacitor electrode located on the same layer as the second gate electrode 223 and a second capacitor electrode located on the same layer as the second source electrode 227.

[0053] A number of insulating layers 110, 120, 130, 140, 150, and 160 for preventing unnecessary electrical connections within each pixel region PA may be disposed on the device substrate 100. For example, a device buffer layer 110, a gate insulating layer 120, an interlayer insulating layer 130, a device protective layer 140, a planarizing layer 150, and a bank insulating layer 160 may be disposed on the device substrate 100.

[0054] The device buffer film 110 may be located close to the device substrate 100. The device buffer film 110 may prevent contamination by the device substrate 100 during the process of forming the pixel driving circuit DC of each pixel region PA. For example, the upper surface of the device substrate 100 facing the pixel driving circuit DC of each pixel region PA may be completely covered by the device buffer film 110. The device buffer film 110 may include an insulating material. For example, the device buffer film 110 may include an inorganic insulating material such as silicon oxide (SiOx) and silicon nitride (SiNx). The device buffer film 110 may have a multi-layer structure. For example, the device buffer film 110 may have a laminated structure of an inorganic insulating film made of silicon oxide (SiOx) and an inorganic insulating film made of silicon nitride (SiNx).

[0055] The gate insulating film 120 may be located on the device buffer film 110. The gate insulating film 120 may insulate the gate electrode 223 of each pixel region PA from the corresponding semiconductor pattern 221. For example, the gate insulating film 120 may cover the first and second semiconductor patterns 221 of each pixel region PA. The first and second gate electrodes 223 of each pixel region PA may be located on the gate insulating film 120. The gate insulating film 120 may include an insulating material. For example, the gate insulating film 120 may include an inorganic insulating material such as silicon oxide (SiOx).

[0056] The interlayer insulating film 130 may be located on the gate insulating film 120. The drain electrode 225 and the source electrode 223 of each pixel region PA may be insulated from the corresponding gate electrode 223 by the interlayer insulating film 130. For example, the interlayer insulating film 130 may cover the first gate electrode 223 and the second gate electrode 223 of each pixel region PA. The first drain electrode, the first source electrode, the second drain electrode 225, and the second source electrode 227 of each pixel region PA may be located on the interlayer insulating film 130. The interlayer insulating film 130 may include an insulating material. For example, the interlayer insulating film 130 may include an inorganic insulating material such as silicon oxide (SiOx) and silicon nitride (SiNx).

[0057] The device protection layer 140 may be located on the interlayer insulating layer 130. The device protection layer 140 can prevent damage to the pixel driving circuit DC located in each pixel area PA due to external moisture and impact. For example, the first drain electrode, the first source electrode, the second drain electrode 225, and the second source electrode 227 of each pixel area PA may be covered by the device protection layer 140. The device protection layer 140 may include an insulating material. For example, the device protection layer 140 may include an inorganic insulating material such as silicon oxide (SiOx) and silicon nitride (SiNx).

[0058] The planarization film 150 may be located on the element protection film 140. The planarization film 150 may eliminate steps due to the pixel driving circuits DC in each pixel area PA. For example, the upper surface of the planarization film 150 facing the element substrate 100 may be a flat plane. The planarization film 150 may include an insulating material. The planarization film 150 may include the element protection film 140 and other materials. For example, the planarization film 150 may include an organic insulating material.

[0059] The light-emitting element 300 in each pixel region PA may be located on the planarization film 150. The light-emitting element 300 in each pixel region PA may emit light representing a specific color. For example, the light-emitting element 300 in each pixel region PA may include a first electrode 310, a light-emitting layer 320, and a second electrode 330 stacked in this order on the planarization film 150 in that pixel region PA.

[0060] The first electrode 310 may include a conductive material. The first electrode 310 may include a material with relatively high reflectivity. For example, the first electrode 310 may include a metal such as aluminum (Al) or silver (Ag). The first electrode 310 may have a multi-layer structure. For example, the first electrode 310 may have a structure in which a reflective electrode made of a metal is located between a transparent electrode made of a transparent conductive material such as ITO or IZO.

[0061] The light-emitting layer 320 may generate light having a brightness corresponding to the voltage difference between the first electrode 310 and the second electrode 330. For example, the light-emitting layer 320 may include an emission material layer (EML) containing a light-emitting material. The light-emitting material may include an organic material, an inorganic material, or a hybrid material. For example, a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention may be an organic light-emitting display device containing an organic light-emitting material.

[0062] The light-emitting layer 320 may have a multi-layer structure. For example, the light-emitting layer 320 may include at least one of a hole injection layer (HIL), a hole transport layer (HTL), an electron transport layer (ETL), and an electron injection layer (EIL). As a result, in the display device according to the embodiment of the present invention, the light-emitting efficiency of the light-emitting layer 320 may be improved.

[0063] The second electrode 330 may include a conductive material. The second electrode 330 may include a material different from that of the first electrode 310. The transmittance of the second electrode 330 may be configured to be greater than the transmittance of the first electrode 310.

[0064] For example, the second electrode 330 may be a transparent electrode made of a transparent conductive material such as ITO or IZO, or a semi-transparent electrode formed with a thin layer of metal such as Ag or Mg. As a result, in the display device according to the embodiment of the present invention, light generated by the light emitting layer 320 may be emitted to the outside through the second electrode 330.

[0065] The light emitting element 300 in each pixel area PA may be electrically connected to the second thin film transistor T2 of the pixel driving circuit DC located in the corresponding pixel area PA. For example, the second source electrode 227 of each pixel area PA may be electrically connected to the first electrode 310 of the corresponding pixel area PA.

[0066] The device protection layer 140 and the planarization layer 150 may include electrode contact holes that partially expose the second source electrode 227 of each pixel region PA. The first electrode 310 of each pixel region PA may be in direct contact with the second source electrode 227 of the corresponding pixel region PA through one of the electrode contact holes. The first electrode 310 of each pixel region PA may be in direct contact with the upper surface of the planarization layer 150. As a result, in the display device according to the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to reduce luminance deviation depending on the generation position of light emitted from each light emitting element 300.

[0067] The bank insulating film 160 may be located on the planarization film 150. The bank insulating film 160 may define a light-emitting area EA in each pixel region PA. For example, the bank insulating film 160 may cover an edge of the first electrode 310 located in each pixel region PA. The light-emitting layer 320 and the second electrode 330 of each pixel region PA may be sequentially stacked on a portion of the corresponding first electrode 310 exposed by the bank insulating film 160. The bank insulating film 160 may include an insulating material. For example, the bank insulating film 160 may include an organic insulating material. The bank insulating film 160 may include the planarization film 150 and other materials. The first electrode 310 of each pixel region PA may be insulated from the first electrode 310 of an adjacent pixel region PA by the bank insulating film 160.

[0068] Each pixel region PA may reproduce a different color from the adjacent pixel regions PA. For example, the light-emitting layer 320 in each pixel region PA may be spaced apart from the light-emitting layer 320 in the adjacent pixel regions PA. The light-emitting layer 320 in each pixel region PA may include an end portion located on the bank insulating film 160. The light-emitting layer 320 in each pixel region PA may be formed individually. For example, the light-emitting layer 320 in each pixel region PA may be formed using a fine metal mask (FMM). Spacers may be located on the bank insulating film 160. The spacers may prevent damage to the bank insulating film 160 and the light-emitting layers 320 located in adjacent pixel regions PA by the fine metal mask. The spacers may include an insulating material. For example, the spacers may include an organic insulating material. The spacers may include the same material as the bank insulating film 160. For example, the bank insulating film 160 and the spacers may be formed simultaneously by a patterning process using a half-tone mask. The end portion of the light-emitting layer 320 located in each pixel region PA may be exposed to the spacers.

[0069] The voltage applied to the second electrode 330 in each pixel region PA may be the same as the voltage applied to the second electrode 330 in the adjacent pixel region PA. For example, the second electrode 330 in each pixel region PA may be electrically connected to the second electrode 330 in the adjacent pixel region PA. The second electrode 330 in each pixel region PA may include the same material as the second electrode 330 in the adjacent pixel region PA. For example, the second electrode 330 in each pixel region PA may be formed simultaneously with the second electrode 330 in the adjacent pixel region PA. The second electrode 330 in each pixel region PA may be in direct contact with the second electrode 330 in the adjacent pixel region PA. For example, the second electrode 330 in each pixel region PA may extend over the bank insulating film 160. This simplifies the process of forming the second electrode 330 in each pixel region PA in the display device according to the embodiment of the present invention. Furthermore, in the display device according to the embodiment of the present invention, the brightness of light emitted from the light emitting element 300 in each pixel region PA can be adjusted according to a data signal applied to the pixel driving circuit DC of each pixel region PA.

[0070] An encapsulating unit 400 may be disposed on the light emitting element 300 in each pixel area PA. The encapsulating unit 400 may prevent damage to the light emitting element 300 due to external moisture and impact. For example, the light emitting element 300 in each pixel area PA may be completely covered by the encapsulating unit 400. The encapsulating unit 400 may have a multi-layer structure. For example, the encapsulating unit 400 may include a first encapsulating layer 410, a second encapsulating layer 420, and a third encapsulating layer 430 stacked in order. The first encapsulating layer 410, the second encapsulating layer 420, and the third encapsulating layer 430 may include an insulating material. The second encapsulating layer 420 may include a different material from the first encapsulating layer 410 and the third encapsulating layer 430. For example, the first encapsulating layer 410 and the third encapsulating layer 430 may be inorganic insulating layers made of an inorganic insulating material, and the second encapsulating layer 420 may be an organic insulating layer made of an organic insulating material. As a result, in a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention, damage to the light emitting element 300 due to external moisture and impact may be effectively prevented.

[0071] A viewing angle control unit 500 may be located on the encapsulating unit 400. The viewing angle control unit 500 may restrict the direction of light emitted from the light emitting element 300 in each pixel area PA. For example, the viewing angle control unit 500 may include a first black matrix 510 and a second black matrix 520 located on the first black matrix 510.

[0072] The second black matrix 520 may overlap the first black matrix 510. For example, the first black matrix 510 may be located between the encapsulation unit 400 and the second black matrix 520. The first black matrix 510 and the second black matrix 520 may each include an opening 510h, 520h overlapping the light-emitting region EA of each pixel region PA. In a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention, the light-emitting region EA may correspond to an overlapping region of the first electrode 310, the light-emitting layer 320, and the second electrode 330 to emit light. In a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention, each opening 510h, 520h may overlap the light-emitting element 300 in the light-emitting direction. For example, the first black matrix 510 may include a first opening 510h overlapping the light-emitting region EA of each pixel region PA defined by the bank insulating film 160, and the second black matrix 520 may include a second opening 520h overlapping the first opening 510h. Light generated by the light emitting element 300 in each pixel area PA may be emitted to the outside through one of the first openings 510h and the second openings 520h. Light emitted from the light emitting element 300 in each pixel area PA toward the outside of the corresponding light emitting area EA may be blocked by the first black matrix 510 and the second black matrix 520. As a result, images displayed by the display device according to the embodiment of the present invention are not recognized by people around the user due to the first black matrix 510 and the second black matrix 520. That is, a narrow viewing angle may be achieved in the display device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0073] The size 500w of the first opening 510h located over each pixel region PA may be the same as the size of the light-emitting region EA defined within the corresponding pixel region PA. The second opening 520h of each pixel region PA may have the same size 500w as the first opening 510h of the corresponding pixel region PA. For example, the light-emitting region EA of each pixel region PA may be located outside the first black matrix 510 and the second black matrix 520. The first black matrix 510 and the second black matrix 520 may overlap the bank insulating film 160. The first black matrix 510 and the second black matrix 520 may not overlap the light-emitting region EA of each pixel region PA.

[0074] The viewing angle control unit 500 may include a control insulating film 530 located between the first black matrix 510 and the second black matrix 520. For example, the control insulating film 530 may cover the first black matrix 510. The second black matrix 520 may be located on the control insulating film 530. The control insulating film 530 may include an area overlapping with the light-emitting area EA. For example, light passing through the first opening 510h of each pixel area PA may pass through the control insulating film 530 and travel to the second opening 520h of the corresponding pixel area PA.

[0075] The control insulating film 530 may include a material with high transmittance.

[0076] The control insulating film 530 may include an insulating material. For example, the control insulating film 530 may include an organic insulating material. Steps due to the first black matrix 510 may be eliminated by the control insulating film 530. The lower surface of the second black matrix 520 facing the device substrate 100 may be in direct contact with the control insulating film 530. For example, the lower surface of the second black matrix 520 may be flat. This prevents positional deviation of the second black matrix 520 due to the first black matrix 510 in the display device according to this embodiment. That is, in the display device according to this embodiment, the distance between the second opening 520h of the second black matrix 520 located in each pixel region PA and the device substrate 100 may be substantially the same. Therefore, in the display device according to this embodiment, brightness deviation due to positional deviation of the second black matrix 520 depending on the viewing angle and / or azimuth angle may be reduced.

[0077] An optical unit 600 may be located above the viewing angle control unit 500. The optical unit 600 may include a number of optical lenses 610. The optical lenses 610 may be located side by side above the viewing angle control unit 500. For example, each optical lens 610 may be located above one of the pixel areas PA.

[0078] The optical lens 610 may collect light emitted from the light-emitting element 300 in each pixel region PA. For example, the surface of each optical lens 610 facing the element substrate 100 may be semicircular. The optical lens 610 positioned over each pixel region PA may overlap with the light-emitting region EA defined within the corresponding pixel region PA. For example, the optical lens 610 in each pixel region PA may overlap with the first opening 510h and the second opening 520h of the corresponding pixel region PA. For example, light that passes through the first opening 510h and the second opening 520h of each pixel region PA may be collected by the optical lens 610 in the corresponding pixel region PA.

[0079] The optical lens 610 of each pixel region PA may be larger than the light-emitting region EA defined within the pixel region PA. For example, the second black matrix 520 may include an area between the control insulating film 530 and an edge of each optical lens 610. The size of the optical lens 610 located over each pixel region PA may be larger than the size of the second opening 520h located over the corresponding pixel region PA. As a result, in the display device according to the embodiment of the present invention, all light passing through the second opening 520h of each pixel region PA may be collected by the optical lens 610 of the corresponding pixel region PA. Therefore, in the display device according to the embodiment of the present invention, the front brightness and light extraction efficiency of each pixel region PA may be improved.

[0080] The optical unit 600 may include a lens protection film 620 positioned on the optical lens 610. The lens protection film 620 may prevent the optical lens 610 from being damaged by an external impact. For example, each optical lens 610 may be completely covered by the lens protection film 620. The semicircular surface of each optical lens 610 may be in direct contact with the lens protection film 620. The lens protection film 620 may include an insulating material. For example, the lens protection film 620 may include an organic insulating material. Steps caused by the optical lens 610 may be eliminated by the lens protection film 620. For example, the upper surface of the lens protection film 620 facing the element substrate 100 may be a flat surface.

[0081] The lens protection layer 620 may have a refractive index equal to or greater than that of each optical lens 610. As a result, in the display device according to the embodiment of the present invention, reflection of light passing through the corresponding optical lens 610 is prevented due to the difference in refractive index between the optical lens 610 and the lens protection layer 620. For example, in the display device according to the embodiment of the present invention, light passing through each optical lens 610 may not be reflected toward the element substrate 100 at the interface between the corresponding optical lens 610 and the lens protection layer 620. As a result, the display device according to the embodiment of the present invention can prevent a decrease in light extraction efficiency due to the difference in refractive index.

[0082] A number of control grooves 530g may be located on the upper surface of the control insulating film 530 facing the optical unit 600. In a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention, each control groove 530g may be a recessed portion of the control insulating film 530 or one of the insulating films stacked on the light-emitting element 300, recessed toward the element substrate 100. For example, the recessed portion of each control groove 530 may be formed in a concave shape in the insulating film.

[0083] Each control groove 530g may overlap one of the optical lenses 610. For example, the control groove 530g may overlap the light-emitting region EA. Each control groove 530g may be located within one of the second openings 520h. For example, the control groove 530g in each pixel region PA on the upper surface of the control insulating film 530 may be the same size as the second opening 520h in the corresponding pixel region PA. The surface of each control groove 530g facing the device substrate 100 may include a first bottom surface 531bs inclined in a first direction and a second bottom surface 532bs inclined in a second direction. The second direction may be different from the first direction. For example, the second bottom surface 532bs of each control groove 530g located above each pixel region PA may be symmetrical to the first bottom surface 531bs of the control groove 530g with respect to the center of the light-emitting region EA defined within the pixel region PA. The size of each control groove 530g may decrease toward the device substrate 100. For example, the recessed region of the control groove 530g that has a first distance from the device substrate 100 may have a width wider than the recessed region of the control groove 530g that has a second distance from the device substrate 100 that is greater than the first distance.

[0084] Each control groove 530g may be filled with a portion of the optical lens 610. For example, the optical lens 610 of each pixel region PA may include a region located within the control groove 530g of the corresponding pixel region PA. As a result, in the display device according to this embodiment, light L passing through the first opening 510h of each pixel region PA may be refracted toward the center of the light-emitting region EA defined within the pixel region PA by the first bottom surface 531bs or the second bottom surface 532bs of the control groove 530g located above the pixel region PA. For example, in the display device according to this embodiment, light L passing through the first opening 510h of each pixel region PA may be primarily refracted at the interface between the control groove 530g and the optical lens 610 of the pixel region PA and secondarily refracted at the interface between the optical lens 610 and the lens protective film 620 of the pixel region PA. Therefore, in the display device according to this embodiment, the amount of light passing through the second opening 520h of each pixel region PA may be increased. In addition, in the display device according to the embodiment of the present invention, the brightness deviation due to the emission position of the light L passing through the first opening 510h of each pixel region PA can be alleviated by the first bottom surface 531bs and the second bottom surface 532bs of the control groove 530g located on the corresponding pixel region PA. That is, in the display device according to the embodiment of the present invention, the brightness deviation due to the viewing angle and / or azimuth angle caused by misalignment of the light emitting element 300 and the viewing angle control unit 500 located in each pixel region PA can be alleviated.

[0085] Each optical lens 610 may have a refractive index different from that of the control insulating film 530. For example, the refractive index of each optical lens 610 may be configured to be greater than the refractive index of the control insulating film 530. As a result, in the display device according to the embodiment of the present invention, the difference in refractive index between the control insulating film 530 and the optical lens 610 in each pixel region PA prevents reflection of light passing through the first opening 510h of the corresponding pixel region PA. For example, in the display device according to the embodiment of the present invention, light passing through the first opening 510h of each pixel region PA may not be reflected toward the element substrate 100 at the interface between the optical lens 610 in the pixel region PA and the control insulating film 530. Therefore, in the display device according to the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to prevent a decrease in light extraction efficiency due to the difference in refractive index.

[0086] 5 to 9 are views sequentially illustrating a method of forming a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0087] A method for forming a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIGS.

[0088] 5 , a method for forming a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes forming a pixel driving circuit including a second thin film transistor T2 on each pixel region PA of an element substrate 100, and forming a planarization film 150 covering the pixel driving circuit of each pixel region PA. The method may include forming a first electrode 310 electrically connected to the second source electrode 227 of each pixel region PA on the planarization film 150 of each pixel region PA, forming a light-emitting layer 320 on a light-emitting region EA of each pixel region PA defined by a bank insulating film 160 that covers the electrode 310 located on the planarization film 150, forming a second electrode 330 on the light-emitting layer 320 of each pixel region PA, forming a sealing unit 400 on the second electrode 330 of each pixel region PA, and forming a first black matrix 510 including a first opening 510h on the sealing unit 400.

[0089] Each of the first openings 510 h may be located above one of the light-emitting areas EA in the pixel area PA. For example, the step of forming the first black matrix 510 may include the steps of forming a light-shielding layer made of a light-shielding material on the encapsulation unit 400 and patterning the light-shielding layer to form the first openings 510 h that expose the light-emitting areas EA in each of the pixel areas PA.

[0090] As shown in FIG. 6, a method of forming a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention may include forming a control insulating layer 530 covering a first black matrix 510 and forming a control groove 530g on an upper surface of the control insulating layer 530.

[0091] The control grooves 530g may overlap with the first openings 510h of the first black matrix 510. For example, each control groove 530g may be formed in one of the light-emitting areas EA of the pixel area PA. On the upper surface of the control insulating film 530, the control grooves 530g of each pixel area PA may be formed to the same size as the first openings 510h of the corresponding pixel area PA.

[0092] The surface of each control groove 530g facing the element substrate 100 may be inclined. For example, each control groove 530g may be formed to have a first floor surface 531bs inclined in a first direction and a second floor surface 532bs inclined in a second direction different from the first direction. The size of each control groove 530g may decrease as it extends toward the element substrate 100. For example, the control groove 530g in each pixel area PA may be formed symmetrically with respect to the center of the light-emitting area EA defined within the corresponding pixel area PA.

[0093] As shown in FIG. 7, a method of forming a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention may include forming a second black matrix 520 including a second opening 520h on a control insulating layer 530.

[0094] Each second opening 520h may be located above one light-emitting region EA in the pixel region PA. The second opening 520h in each pixel region PA may expose the control groove 530g in the corresponding pixel region PA. The second opening 520h in each pixel region PA may be formed on the upper surface of the control insulating film 530 to the same size as the control groove 530g in the corresponding pixel region PA. For example, the second black matrix 520 may be formed outside the control groove 530g. The second black matrix 520 may be formed using the same process as the first black matrix 510. For example, the step of forming the second black matrix 520 may include the steps of forming a light-shielding layer made of a light-shielding material on the control insulating film 530 and patterning the light-shielding layer to form the second opening 510h exposing the control groove 530g in each pixel region PA.

[0095] As shown in FIG. 8, a method for forming a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention may include forming an optical pattern 610p overlapping with the control groove 530g on the device substrate 100 on which the second black matrix 520 is formed.

[0096] The optical patterns 610p may be in direct contact with the control insulating film 530 within the second openings 520h of the second black matrix 520. For example, each control groove 530g may be filled with an optical pattern 610p. Each optical pattern 610p may be formed simultaneously with an adjacent optical pattern 610p. For example, forming the optical patterns 610p may include forming an optical material layer that fills the control grooves 530g on the device substrate 100 on which the second black matrix 520 is formed, and patterning the optical material layer.

[0097] The optical material layer may be formed of a material having a refractive index different from that of the control insulating film 530. For example, the refractive index of each optical pattern 610p may be configured to be greater than the refractive index of the control insulating film 530. As a result, in the method of forming a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention, light passing through the interface between each optical pattern 610p and the control insulating film 530 may be refracted.

[0098] As shown in FIG. 9, a method for forming a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention may include forming an optical lens 610 on the second opening 520 h of the second black matrix 520 .

[0099] The optical lenses 610 may be formed using the optical patterns 610p. For example, forming the optical lenses 610 may include reflowing the optical patterns 610p. The bottom surface of each optical lens 610 facing the device substrate 100 may be circular. The surface of each optical lens 610 facing the device substrate 100 may be semicircular. As a result, in the method of forming a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention, the optical lenses 610 for each pixel area PA may be simultaneously formed. That is, in the method of forming a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention, the process of forming the optical lenses 610 on each pixel area PA may be simplified. Therefore, in the method of forming a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention, process efficiency may be improved. In the step of reflowing the optical patterns 610p, the viscosity of the optical patterns 610p may be reduced by heat treatment of the optical patterns 610p. Furthermore, the fluidity of the optical patterns 610p may be increased. Since the control grooves 530g form the optical patterns 610p corresponding to the positions where each optical lens 610 is to be formed, process efficiency may be further improved.

[0100] As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a method for forming a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention may include forming a lens protection film 620 covering an optical lens 610.

[0101] The lens protection layer 620 may be formed to completely cover the optical lens 610. For example, the step of forming the lens protection layer 620 may include a step of applying an organic insulating material for forming the lens protection layer 620 onto the device substrate 100 on which the optical lens 610 is formed.

[0102] As a result, the display device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an encapsulating unit 400 covering the light-emitting element 300 of each pixel region PA, a viewing angle control unit 500 positioned on the encapsulating unit 400, and an optical lens 610 positioned on the viewing angle control unit 500, wherein the viewing angle control unit 500 includes a control insulating film 530 positioned between the first black matrix 510 and the second black matrix 520, the control insulating film 530 of each pixel region PA includes a control groove 530g positioned between the first opening 510h and the second opening 520h of the pixel region PA, and the optical lens 610 of each pixel region PA may include an area located inside the corresponding control groove 530g including a first bottom surface 531bs inclined in a first direction and a second bottom surface 532bs inclined in a second direction. As a result, in the display device according to the embodiment of the present invention, light L passing through the first opening 510h of each pixel region PA may be refracted at the interface between the control groove 530g and the optical lens 610 of the pixel region PA and at the interface between the optical lens 610 and the lens protective layer 620 of the pixel region PA, and then emitted. Therefore, in the display device according to the embodiment of the present invention, the amount of light emitted through the second opening 520h of each pixel region PA may be increased. That is, in the display device according to the embodiment of the present invention, the light extraction efficiency may be improved. Furthermore, in the display device according to the embodiment of the present invention, brightness deviation due to misalignment of the light emitting element 300 and the viewing angle control unit 500 of each pixel region PA may be reduced.

[0103] In the display device according to the embodiment of the present invention, the region in which each control groove 530g is formed has been described as including a first bottom surface 531bs and a second bottom surface 532bs that are inclined in corresponding directions. However, in display devices according to other embodiments of the present invention, the recessed region of each control groove 530g may be formed in various shapes. For example, as shown in FIG. 10, in a display device according to another embodiment of the present invention, each control groove 530g may be formed in a cone shape with an inclined surface 530bs.

[0104] In a display device according to another embodiment of the present invention, the planar shape of each control groove 530g on the upper surface of the control insulating film 530 may be different from the shape of the lower surface of each optical lens 610. For example, as shown in Fig. 11, in a display device according to another embodiment of the present invention, each control groove 530g may be formed in a quadrangular pyramid shape. This may increase the degree of freedom in the shape of each control groove 530g in the display device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0105] In display devices according to other embodiments of the present invention, the cross section of each control groove 530g may have various shapes. For example, as shown in FIG. 12, in display devices according to other embodiments of the present invention, each control groove 530g may have a prism shape. As a result, in display devices according to other embodiments of the present invention, the cross section of each control groove 530g in the third direction may have a different shape from the cross section of each control groove 530g in the fourth direction different from the third direction. Therefore, in display devices according to other embodiments of the present invention, the degree of freedom in the shape of each control groove 530g may be further improved.

[0106] In the display device according to the embodiment of the present invention, the light emitting area EA of each pixel region PA has the same size as the first opening 510h and the second opening 520h located above the pixel region PA. However, as shown in FIG. 13 , in a display device according to another embodiment of the present invention, the light emitting area EA of each pixel region PA may be larger than the first opening 510h and the second opening 520h located above the pixel region PA. For example, each light emitting area EA may overlap the edge of the first black matrix 510 and the edge of the second black matrix 520. As a result, in the display device according to the embodiment of the present invention, the amount of light passing through the first opening 510h of each pixel region PA and refracted at the interface between the control groove 530g of the corresponding pixel region PA and the optical lens 610 may be increased. That is, in the display device according to the embodiment of the present invention, power consumption for operating the light emitting element 300 located in each pixel region PA may be reduced. Therefore, in the display device according to the embodiment of the present invention, the life of each light emitting element 300 may be extended.

[0107] In the display device according to the embodiment of the present invention, the control groove 530g of each pixel region PA on the upper surface of the control insulating film 530 has the same size as the second opening 520h of the pixel region PA. However, in the display device according to another embodiment of the present invention, the size of the control groove 530g located over each pixel region PA on the upper surface of the control insulating film 530 may be different from the size of the second opening 520h located over the pixel region PA. For example, as shown in FIG. 14 , in the display device according to the other embodiment of the present invention, the control groove 530g of each pixel region PA on the upper surface of the control insulating film 530 may be smaller than the second opening 520h of the pixel region PA. The optical lens 610 located over each pixel region PA may be located within the second opening 520h of the corresponding pixel region PA. For example, the edge of the optical lens 610 located over each pixel region PA may directly contact the side of the second opening 520h located over the corresponding pixel region PA. That is, in the display device according to this embodiment, the formation position of the optical lens 610 may be defined by the second opening 520h of the second black matrix 520. The surface or edge of the optical lens 610 may contact the side of the black matrix 520 exposed by one of the second openings 520h. As a result, in the display device according to this embodiment, it is possible to reduce the size deviation of the optical lens 610.

[0108] In the display device according to this embodiment of the present invention, the bottom surface of the recessed region of each control groove 530g facing the device substrate 100 is described as being inclined surfaces 531bs and 532bs. However, as shown in FIG. 15 , in a display device according to another embodiment of the present invention, the bottom surface of each control groove 530g may be a curved surface having a constant curvature. As a result, in the display device according to this embodiment of the present invention, light incident on the bottom surface of each control groove 530g may be refracted in different directions depending on the incident position. Therefore, in the display device according to this embodiment of the present invention, brightness deviation of light primarily refracted by each control groove 530g may be reduced. That is, in the display device according to this embodiment of the present invention, brightness deviation due to viewing angle and / or azimuth angle caused by misalignment of the light emitting element 300 and the viewing angle control unit 500 located in each pixel area PA is effectively reduced.

[0109] In display devices according to other embodiments of the present invention, the bottom surface of each control groove 530g may be parallel to or substantially flat with the top surface of the control insulating film 530. For example, as shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, in display devices according to other embodiments of the present invention, each control groove 530g may include a side surface 530gs extending in a direction perpendicular to the top surface of the control insulating film 530 or the bottom surface of the control groove 530g. The refractive index of the optical lens 610 filling each control groove 530g may be greater than the refractive index of the control insulating film 530. As a result, in display devices according to other embodiments of the present invention, light traveling toward the side surface 530gs of each control groove 530g may be reflected due to the refractive index difference between the optical lens 610 filling the corresponding control groove 530g and the control insulating film 530. That is, in display devices according to other embodiments of the present invention, light incident on the side surface 530gs of each control groove 530g may be reflected toward the inside of the corresponding control groove 530g. Therefore, in display devices according to other embodiments of the present invention, light extraction efficiency may be effectively improved. Furthermore, in the display device according to another embodiment of the present invention, brightness deviation due to misalignment can be effectively reduced.

[0110] 18, in a display device according to another embodiment of the present invention, each control groove 530g may have a sloped bottom surface and side surfaces extending in a direction perpendicular to the top surface of the control insulating film 530. Therefore, in a display device according to another embodiment of the present invention, the viewing angle is limited and light extraction efficiency can be effectively improved.

[0111] In the display device according to this embodiment, the control groove 530g of each pixel region PA is described as being filled with the optical lens 610 of the pixel region PA. However, in display devices according to other embodiments of the present invention, the control groove 530g of each pixel region PA may be filled in various ways. For example, as shown in FIG. 19 , in a display device according to another embodiment of the present invention, the viewing angle control unit 500 may include an optical insulating film 540 filling the control groove 530g. The optical insulating film 540 may include an insulating material. The optical insulating film 540 may include a transparent material. The optical insulating film 540 may have a refractive index different from that of the control insulating film 530. For example, the refractive index of each optical insulating film 540 may be between the refractive index of the control insulating film 530 and the refractive index of each optical lens 610. The optical insulating film 540 may include a material different from that of the optical lens 610. As a result, in the display device according to this embodiment of the present invention, light passing through the first opening 510h of each pixel region PA may be primarily refracted at the interface between the control insulating film 530 and the optical insulating film 540 located in the control groove 530g thereof, may be secondarily refracted at the interface between the optical insulating film 540 of the pixel region PA and the optical lens 610, and may be thirdly refracted at the interface between the optical lens 610 of the pixel region PA and the lens protection film 620. Therefore, in the display device according to this embodiment of the present invention, the amount of light passing through the second opening 520h of each pixel region PA may be significantly increased. That is, in the display device according to this embodiment of the present invention, the light extraction efficiency may be significantly improved.

[0112] A display device according to another embodiment of the present invention may detect a touch by a user and / or a tool. For example, as shown in FIGS. 20 to 23, a display device according to another embodiment of the present invention may include a touch sensor Cm. The touch sensor Cm may detect the presence or absence of a touch and the touch position through a change in mutual capacitance. For example, the touch sensor Cm may include a driving touch line 710 to which a touch driving signal is applied and a sensing touch line 720 to which a touch sensing signal is applied.

[0113] Each drive touch line 710 may include a first touch electrode 711 and a first bridge electrode 712. The first bridge electrode 712 may electrically connect the first touch electrodes 711. For example, each drive touch line 710 may include first touch electrodes 711 connected in one direction by the first bridge electrode 712.

[0114] Each sensing touch line 720 may include a second touch electrode 721 and a second bridge electrode 722 .

[0115] The second touch electrodes 721 may be located between the first touch electrodes 711. For example, the first touch electrodes 711 and the second touch electrodes 712 may be arranged to intersect with each other. As a result, the display device according to another embodiment of the present invention may sense a touch by a user and / or a tool using the driving touch lines 710 and the sensing touch lines 720.

[0116] The second bridge electrodes 722 may electrically connect the second touch electrodes 721. The second touch electrodes 721 may be connected to the first touch electrodes 711 in a direction perpendicular to the first touch electrodes 711 by the second bridge electrodes 722. For example, each sensing touch line 720 may cross the drive touch line 710. Each second bridge electrode 722 may cross any one of the first bridge electrodes 712. The second bridge electrodes 722 may be located on a different layer from the first bridge electrodes 712.

[0117] The touch sensor Cm may be located between the sealing unit 400 and the optical unit 600. For example, in a display device according to another embodiment of the present invention, the viewing angle control unit 500 may include a first black matrix 510 and a control insulating film 520 covering the first black matrix 510, a second bridge electrode 722 may be located on the control insulating film 520, and a first touch electrode 711, a second touch electrode 721, and a first bridge electrode 712 may be located on a touch insulating film 750 covering the second bridge electrode 722. The touch insulating film 750 may include an insulating material. For example, the touch insulating film 750 may include an inorganic insulating material such as silicon oxide (SiOx) and silicon nitride (SiNx).

[0118] The first touch electrode 711, the first bridge electrode 712, the second touch electrode 721, and the second bridge electrode 722 may include a conductive material. The first touch electrode 711, the first bridge electrode 712, the second touch electrode 721, and the second bridge electrode 722 may include a material having a relatively low resistance. For example, the first touch electrode 711, the first bridge electrode 712, the second touch electrode 721, and the second bridge electrode 722 may include a metal such as copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), titanium (Ti), or tantalum (Ta).

[0119] The first touch electrode 711, the first bridge electrode 712, the second touch electrode 721, and the second bridge electrode 722 of the touch sensor Cm may be located within the display area AA. The light-emitting area EA of each pixel area PA defined by the bank insulating film 160 may be located between the first touch electrode 711, the first bridge electrode 712, the second touch electrode 721, and the second bridge electrode 722. For example, the first touch electrode 711, the first bridge electrode 712, the second touch electrode 721, and the second bridge electrode 722 may overlap with the bank insulating film 160. The first black matrix 510 may overlap with the first touch electrode 711, the first bridge electrode 712, the second touch electrode 721, and the second bridge electrode 722.

[0120] The plane of each first touch electrode 711 and the plane of each second touch electrode 721 may have a mesh shape including openings overlapping with the light-emitting area EA of each pixel area PA. At least a portion of the touch electrodes, for example, the first touch electrode 711 and / or the second touch electrode 721, may include openings overlapping with the openings of the first black matrix 510 and the light-emitting elements 300 in the light-emitting direction. As a result, in the display device according to another embodiment of the present invention, the accuracy of touch detection using the touch sensor Cm is improved, and a decrease in light extraction efficiency due to the driving touch line 710 and the sensing touch line 720 is reduced or minimized. In addition, in the display device according to another embodiment of the present invention, the traveling direction of light emitted from each light-emitting element 300 may be restricted by the driving touch line 710 and the sensing touch line 720 located outside the light-emitting area EA. For example, the touch insulating film 750 may include a control groove 750g overlapping with the light emitting area EA of each pixel area PA, and each optical lens 610 of the optical unit 600 may fill one of the control grooves 750g of the touch insulating film 750. Therefore, in the display device according to another embodiment of the present invention, touches by a user and / or a tool may be accurately sensed, an image with a narrow viewing angle may be realized, and light extraction efficiency may be effectively improved.

[0121] 23 , in a display device according to another embodiment of the present invention, a touch sensor Cm may be disposed between the sealing unit 400 and the optical unit 600. A control insulating film 530 positioned on the light-emitting element 300 may selectively cover the black matrix 510. A touch insulating film 750 may be positioned on the control insulating film 530. The touch insulating film 750 may include an insulating material. For example, the touch insulating film 750 may include an inorganic insulating material such as silicon oxide (SiOx) and silicon nitride (SiNx).

[0122] The second bridge electrode 722 may be disposed on the control insulating film 530, and the first touch electrode 711, the second touch electrode 721, and the first bridge electrode 712 may be disposed on the touch insulating film 750. The touch insulating film 750 may include an insulating material. In a display device according to another embodiment of the present invention, a black matrix 520 may be disposed between the touch electrodes 711, 721 and the optical unit 600. This may form an opening in the touch electrodes, for example, at least a portion of the first touch electrode 711 and / or the second touch electrode 721, and the black matrix 520, overlapping with the light-emitting element 300 in the light-emitting direction. The optical lens 610 may be disposed on at least a portion of the touch electrodes, for example, the first touch electrode 711 or the second touch electrode 721. [Explanation of symbols]

[0123] 100 Element substrate 300 light-emitting elements 400 Sealing Unit 500 Viewing Angle Control Unit 530 Controlled Planarization Film 530g control groove 610 Optical Lens

Claims

1. a substrate including a pixel region; a light-emitting element located within the pixel region of the substrate and emitting light; a sealing unit located above the light-emitting element; a first black matrix positioned on the sealing unit and including a first opening overlapping the light emitting element in a first direction; an insulating film disposed on the sealing unit, the insulating film having a groove on an upper surface thereof that is a region recessed toward the substrate, the groove overlapping the first opening in the first direction; an optical lens disposed on the first black matrix and the insulating film, the optical lens having an area overlapping the groove of the insulating film; Including, the size of the groove is equal to or smaller than the size of the first opening; an edge of the optical lens overlaps with the first black matrix; Display device.

2. The display device according to claim 1 , wherein the refractive index of the optical lens is greater than the refractive index of the insulating film.

3. The display device according to claim 1 , wherein the first black matrix is disposed between the sealing unit and the insulating film.

4. Further comprising a second black matrix disposed on the insulating film, the second black matrix includes a second opening overlapping the first opening of the first black matrix and the light emitting element in the first direction, the groove is disposed within the second opening. The display device according to claim 3 .

5. The display device according to claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the optical lens has a convex shape or a semicircular shape.

6. The display device according to claim 1 , wherein the groove is filled with at least a portion of the optical lens.

7. The display device according to claim 5 , wherein the groove includes a first surface inclined in a second direction and a second surface inclined in a third direction different from the second direction.

8. The display device according to claim 1 , wherein the groove has at least one of a conical shape, a pyramidal shape, and a prism shape.

9. the light-emitting element includes a first electrode, a light-emitting layer, and a second electrode; The display device according to claim 1 , wherein a size of a light-emitting region where the first electrode, the light-emitting layer, and the second electrode of the light-emitting element overlap is larger than a size of the first opening of the first black matrix.

10. A display device as described in Claim 4, wherein the side of the second black matrix contacts the optical lens at the second opening.

11. The display device according to claim 1 , wherein the surface of the groove is curved.

12. 2. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the bottom surface of the groove is flat and the side surface of the groove is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the groove.

13. The display device according to claim 1 , wherein the groove includes a first surface inclined in a second direction, a second surface inclined in a third direction different from the second direction, and a third surface perpendicular to the upper surface of the insulating film.

14. 2. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the groove is filled with an optical insulating film, the optical lens is located on the optical insulating film, and the refractive index of the optical insulating film is between the refractive index of the optical lens and the refractive index of the insulating film.

15. a lens protection film disposed on the optical lens; The refractive index of the lens protection film is equal to or greater than the refractive index of the optical lens. The display device according to claim 1 .

16. 2. The display device of claim 1, wherein the grooves at a first distance from the substrate have a width greater than the grooves at a second distance from the substrate that is smaller than the first distance.

17. The display device according to claim 4 , wherein the second opening has the same size as the first opening.

18. A light-emitting device comprising: a substrate including a light-emitting region; a light-emitting element disposed in the light-emitting region and emitting light; an insulating film disposed on the light emitting element, the insulating film having a groove on its upper surface that is a region recessed toward the substrate, the groove overlapping the light emitting region; a touch electrode disposed on the insulating film, the touch electrode having an opening, the opening overlapping the light-emitting region; an optical lens disposed on the touch electrode and having an area overlapping the groove and the opening; Including, the size of the groove is equal to or smaller than the size of the opening, a side surface of the touch electrode is covered by the optical lens at the opening; Display device.

19. The light-emitting element according to claim 1, further comprising a black matrix disposed between the light-emitting element and the insulating film, The black matrix overlaps the touch electrode.

19. The display device according to claim 18.

20. The display device according to claim 18 , wherein the optical lens is in contact with a portion of an upper surface of the touch electrode that is disposed adjacent to the opening.

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