Charging inlets and automobiles

Abstract

The present invention provides a charging inlet and an automobile, comprising a charging inlet main body (1), a charging terminal (2), a detachment device (3), and a flat cable (7), the detachment device is electrically connected to the conductor of the cable, the detachment device is fixedly attached to the charging inlet main body, and a connection structure (9) is provided on the charging terminal, and the charging terminal is detachably connected to the detachment device by the connection structure. With a charging inlet, if the charging terminal is damaged or there is a problem with the contact between the charging terminal and the cable, it is sufficient to remove the charging terminal from the front and replace it and then reinstall it. However, this solves the technical problem that if the charging terminal in the charging inlet is damaged, the maintenance work becomes complicated.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This application claims priority to a Chinese patent application filed on August 6, 2021, with application number 202110904550.6, for the invention "Charging Inlet and Automobile," the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] The present invention relates to the technical field of connecting electrical connection elements, in particular to charging inlets and automobiles. [Background technology]

[0003] New energy batteries for new energy vehicles are supplemented with energy through a charging system. Charging inlets in charging systems typically include charging terminals and cables. The charging terminals and cable are connected inside the charging inlet, with the charging terminals fixed to the charging inlet body and the cable passing through the rear cover. Some charging terminals in a charging inlet may be damaged due to excessive insertion and removal or short circuits. When maintaining or replacing charging terminals, first all cables in the charging inlet must be removed from the vehicle, then the rear cover of the charging inlet must be removed and the fixing clips must be released, and then the charging terminals connected to the cables must be removed.

[0004] Because charging terminals are typically connected to cables by crimping or welding, damaged electrical connection devices must be cut off. Furthermore, the cable length is set to leave no room for repairs, which may require cable replacement. In such cases, maintenance of the charging inlet requires removing the entire cable's exterior and tape, which requires considerable labor and a large number of components to be removed. Consequently, many users choose to replace the entire charging inlet, resulting in high after-sales maintenance costs. Therefore, a new solution that can solve the above problems in the prior art is desired. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a charging inlet and a vehicle that solves the problem that it is difficult to replace a charging terminal in a charging inlet when the charging terminal is damaged. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The above object of the present invention may be achieved by the following technical solutions.

[0007] The present invention provides a charging inlet comprising a charging inlet body, a charging terminal, a detachable device, and a flat cable, wherein the detachable device is electrically connected to the conductors of the flat cable, the detachable device is fixedly attached to the charging inlet body, a connection structure is provided on the charging terminal, and the charging terminal is detachably connected to the detachable device by the connection structure.

[0008] On the one hand, a receiving cavity is provided at the tip of the charging inlet body, the attachment / detachment device is provided inside the receiving cavity, and the charging terminal is inserted through the opening of the receiving cavity and is detachably connected to the attachment / detachment device by the connection structure.

[0009] In another aspect, the detachable device includes a fixed end, and the fixed end and the conductor of the flat cable are connected by welding, crimping, screwing, or integral molding.

[0010] In other aspects, the welding method includes one or more of resistance welding, friction welding, ultrasonic welding, arc welding, laser welding, electron beam welding, and pressure diffusion welding.

[0011] In another aspect, a through hole is provided in the conductor of the flat cable, and the fixed end includes a bolt and a nut, and the bolt is drilled into the through hole and screwed onto the nut.

[0012] In another aspect, the torque range when the bolt is screwed into the nut is 0.1 N·m to 30 N·m.

[0013] In another aspect, a first screw hole is provided in the conductor of the flat cable, and the fixed end includes a stud, and the stud is screwed into the first screw hole.

[0014] In another aspect, the torque range when the stud is screwed into the first screw hole is 0.1 N·m to 30 N·m.

[0015] In another aspect, the number of the attachment / detachment devices is 2 to 36.

[0016] In another aspect, a locking groove is provided in the charging inlet body, the flat cable is drilled into the locking groove, and the locking groove is configured to prevent the flat cable from moving along the axial direction of the stud.

[0017] In another aspect, a wire outlet is provided in the locking groove, and the flat cable is inserted into the locking groove through the wire outlet.

[0018] In another aspect, the wire outlet is provided toward the side of the charging inlet body.

[0019] In another direction, the direction in which the wire outlet faces forms a certain angle with the lateral direction of the charging inlet body.

[0020] In another aspect, a gasket is provided between the flat cable and the charging inlet body.

[0021] In another aspect, a take-up portion is provided at the rear end of the charging terminal, and the cross section of the take-up portion is flat or polygonal.

[0022] In another aspect, the detachable device further includes a detachable structure for detachably connecting with the connecting structure.

[0023] In another aspect, the detachable structure is screwed to the connecting structure, and the screwing torque range is 0.1 N·m to 30 N·m.

[0024] In another aspect, the detachable structure is a locking claw and the connecting structure is a locking groove, or the detachable structure is a locking groove and the connecting structure is a locking claw, and the range of connection force by which the detachable structure and the connecting structure are engaged is 5N to 500N.

[0025] In another aspect, the range of the connecting force at which the detachable structure and the connecting structure are locked together is 15N to 300N.

[0026] In another aspect, the charging inlet body further includes a fixing portion, which fixes and connects the flat cable to the charging inlet body.

[0027] In another aspect, the charging inlet body has a second screw hole, the fixing part has a connection hole, and the fixing part further includes a screw, which passes through the connection hole and is screwed into the second screw hole, thereby fixing and connecting the fixing part to the charging inlet body.

[0028] In another aspect, the number of the charging terminals is 2 to 36.

[0029] In another aspect, the material of the flat cable is any one of copper, copper alloy, aluminum, and aluminum alloy.

[0030] In another aspect, the charging inlet body is provided with a temperature sensor and a control panel, and the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the control panel by a data line.

[0031] In another aspect, the temperature sensor is contact-connected to the conductors of the flat cable.

[0032] In another aspect, the temperature sensor is integrally molded with the conductor of the flat cable.

[0033] In another aspect, the control panel is a circuit board, and the circuit board has a control logic circuit built in.

[0034] In another aspect, the temperature sensor is an NTC temperature sensor or a PTC temperature sensor.

[0035] In another aspect, the temperature sensor is provided in the attachment / detachment device.

[0036] In another aspect, the cross-sectional area of ​​the connection structure of the charging terminal is smaller than or equal to the cross-sectional area of ​​the attachment / detachment device.

[0037] In another aspect, the charging terminal is provided with a first plating layer.

[0038] In another aspect, the material of the first plating layer includes one or more of gold, silver, nickel, tin, tin-lead alloy, zinc, silver-antimony alloy, palladium, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite silver, graphene silver, and silver-gold-zirconium alloy.

[0039] In another aspect, a second plating layer is provided on the surface of the attachment / detachment device.

[0040] In another aspect, the material of the second plating layer includes one or more of gold, silver, nickel, tin, tin-lead alloy, zinc, silver-antimony alloy, palladium, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite silver, graphene silver, and silver-gold-zirconium alloy.

[0041] In another respect, the second plating layer and the first plating layer are made of different materials.

[0042] In another aspect, a third plating layer is provided on at least a portion of the flat cable, and the material of the third plating layer includes one or more of gold, silver, nickel, tin, tin-lead alloy, zinc, silver-antimony alloy, palladium, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite silver, graphene silver, and silver-gold-zirconium alloy.

[0043] The present invention further provides a vehicle equipped with the above-described charging inlet. [Effects of the Invention]

[0044] The present invention has the following features and advantages: With this charging inlet, if the charging terminal is damaged or there is a problem with the contact between the charging terminal and the cable, all that is required is to remove the charging terminal from the front, remove the electrical connection device and cable from the charging inlet, replace the electrical connection device, and then reattach them.This eliminates the need to remove the entire charging inlet or replace the cable, solving the technical problem of complicated maintenance work when the electrical connection device on the charging inlet is damaged. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0045] In order to more clearly explain the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings necessary for describing the embodiments. It should be apparent that the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can further obtain other accompanying drawings based on these accompanying drawings without any creative efforts. [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a side view of the charging inlet body according to the embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a charging terminal in an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a front view of the charging terminal according to the embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] FIG. 2 is a right side view of the charging terminal according to the embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a flat cable according to an embodiment of the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0046] The following clearly and completely describes the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention in combination with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, but it should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments, and all other embodiments that can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any creative effort are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] The present invention provides a charging inlet, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, comprising a charging inlet body 1, a charging terminal 2, a detachable device 3, and a flat cable 7, wherein the detachable device 3 is electrically connected to the conductors of the flat cable 7, the detachable device 3 is fixedly attached to the charging inlet body 1, a connection structure 9 is provided on the charging terminal 2, and the charging terminal 2 is detachably connected to the detachable device 3 by the connection structure 9.

[0048] In conventional charging inlets, the charging terminals 2 are frequently inserted into and removed from the charging inlet body 1 and are an important component for conducting charging current. Over long-term use, frequent insertion and removal operations can cause deformation of the charging terminals 2 and damage to the plating layer. Furthermore, excessive current can cause the charging terminals 2 to spark and melt, resulting in the charging terminals 2 losing their conductive function. Furthermore, when the charging terminals 2 are exposed to the external environment, they can be corroded by water or salt in the environment, potentially causing the charging terminals 2 to lose their required electrical performance. Therefore, the charging terminals 2 are the component most susceptible to damage in the entire charging inlet. However, in most current charging inlets, the charging terminals 2 are fixedly attached to the charging inlet body 1 and welded to the cable. Therefore, if the charging terminals 2 are damaged, the charging terminals 2 and the cable 21 must be removed from the charging inlet body 1 and replaced. In severe cases, the entire charging inlet body 1 must be replaced. Therefore, maintenance work becomes complicated, the maintenance work requires a considerable amount of man-hours, and the maintenance costs become high, which is currently one of the main problems restricting the development of the charging vehicle industry.

[0049] In the charging inlet provided by the present invention, if the charging terminal 2 is damaged, it is only necessary to remove the charging terminal 2 from the charging inlet body 1, replace the charging terminal 2, and then reattach it. There is no need to remove the entire charging inlet body 1, and there is no need to replace the cable. This solves the technical problem of complicated maintenance work when the charging terminal 2 on the charging inlet body 1 is damaged.

[0050] In one embodiment, a storage cavity is provided at the tip of the charging inlet body 1, the attachment / detachment device 3 is provided at the bottom of the storage cavity, and the charging terminal 2 is inserted through the opening of the storage cavity and detachably connected to the attachment / detachment device 3 via the connection structure 9.

[0051] In another embodiment, the detachable device 3 includes a fixed end 31, and the fixed end 31 and the conductor of the flat cable 7 are connected by welding, crimping, screwing, or integral molding. The welding method can make the connection between the detachable device 3 and the flat cable 7 stronger. The screwing method can make the detachable device 3 easier to attach and detach, and in this case, the detachable device 3 can be removed individually without affecting other components.

[0052] In one embodiment, the welding method includes one or more of resistance welding, friction welding, ultrasonic welding, arc welding, laser welding, electron beam welding, and pressure diffusion welding.

[0053] Ultrasonic welding is a method of transmitting high-frequency vibration waves to the surfaces of two objects to be welded, and when pressure is applied, the surfaces of the two objects are rubbed against each other to form a fusion between the molecular layers.

[0054] Resistance welding is a method in which a strong current flows through the contact point between an electrode and a workpiece, causing the contact resistance to generate heat and thereby achieving welding.

[0055] Arc welding uses an arc as a heat source and uses the physical phenomenon of air discharge to convert electrical energy into the thermal and mechanical energy required for welding, thereby achieving the goal of joining metals.The main methods include shielded arc welding, submerged arc welding, and gas-shielded welding.

[0056] Pressure welding is a method of applying pressure to solder members to bring the joining surfaces into close contact and cause a certain degree of plastic deformation to complete the welding.

[0057] Electron beam welding is a method of achieving welding by impacting an accelerated and focused electron beam on a welding surface placed in a vacuum or non-vacuum, thereby melting the workpiece to be welded.

[0058] The laser welding method is a highly efficient precision welding method that uses a high-energy density laser beam as a heat source to form a single piece.

[0059] Friction welding is a welding method that uses the heat generated by friction on the contact surfaces of the workpieces as a heat source to plastically deform the workpieces using pressure.

[0060] A through hole is provided in the conductor of the flat cable, and the fixed end 31 includes a bolt and a nut 6, and as shown in Figure 6, the bolt is drilled into the through hole and screwed onto the nut 6.

[0061] In a preferred embodiment, the torque range when the bolt is screwed into the nut 6 is 0.1 N·m to 30 N·m.

[0062] To verify the effect of the range of torque at which the bolt is fastened to the nut 6 on the electrical connection performance between the charging terminal 2 and the flat cable 7, the inventors fastened the same charging terminal 2, flat cable 7, bolt, and nut 6 with different torques. Then, they measured the contact resistance between the charging terminal 2 and the flat cable 7, and the connection status between the bolt and the nut 6 after the vibration test. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0063] The contact resistance between the charging terminal 2 and the flat cable 7 is measured as follows: Using a precision resistance meter, one end of the measuring tip of the precision resistance meter is placed on the charging terminal 2 and the other end on the flat cable 7, and the contact resistance reading on the precision resistance meter is then read. Here, the measuring tip of the precision resistance meter is placed in the same position each time a measurement is taken. In this example, a contact resistance greater than 1 mΩ is deemed to be unacceptable.

[0064] In the vibration test, the connected sample is placed on a vibration test stand, and after 300 vibration cycles, it is observed whether or not the connection between the bolt and the nut 6 comes loose. Here, one vibration cycle requires vibration in six directions, with a frequency of 100 Hz and a unidirectional acceleration of 40 m / s. 2 In this embodiment, if the connection between the bolt and the nut 6 comes off, the product is deemed to be unacceptable.

[0065] [Table 1]

[0066] As can be seen from Table 1 above, when the torque value when the bolt is threaded onto the nut 6 is less than 0.1 N·m, the contact resistance value between the charging terminal 2 and the flat cable 7 fails, and the bolt and nut 6 come loose after a vibration test. Therefore, the inventors set the minimum value of the range of torque when the bolt is threaded onto the nut 6 to 0.1 N·m. Even if the torque value when the bolt is threaded onto the nut 6 is greater than 30 N·m, the contact resistance cannot decrease any further. Therefore, the inventors set the range of torque when the bolt is threaded onto the nut 6 to 0.1 N·m to 30 N·m.

[0067] In a preferred embodiment, a first screw hole is provided in the conductor of the flat cable 7, and the fixed end 31 includes a stud, which is screwed into the first screw hole, thereby realizing quick replacement of the flat cable 7 and the stud.

[0068] The torque range when the stud is screwed into the first screw hole is 0.1 N·m to 30 N·m.

[0069] To verify the effect of the torque range at which the stud is screwed into the first screw hole on the electrical connection performance between the stud and the first screw hole, the inventors used the same charging terminal 2, stud, and first screw hole and fastened them with different torques. Then, they measured the contact resistance between the stud and the first screw hole, and the connection status between the stud and the first screw hole after a vibration test. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0070] The contact resistance between the stud and the first screw hole is measured as follows: Using a precision resistance meter, place one end of the measuring tip on the stud and the other end next to the first screw hole, and read the contact resistance value on the precision resistance meter. The measuring tip of the precision resistance meter is placed in the same position each time a measurement is taken. In this example, a contact resistance greater than 1 mΩ is considered a failure.

[0071] The vibration test involves placing the connected sample on a vibration test stand and performing 300 vibration cycles to observe whether the first screw hole has come loose. One vibration cycle requires vibration in six directions, with a frequency of 100Hz and a unidirectional acceleration of 40m / s. 2 In this embodiment, the state in which the first screw hole is removed is regarded as a failure.

[0072] [Table 2]

[0073] As can be seen from Table 2 above, when the torque value when the stud is threaded into the first screw hole is less than 0.1 N·m, the contact resistance between the stud and the first screw hole fails, and after a vibration test, the stud comes loose from the first screw hole. Therefore, the inventors set the minimum value of the torque range when the stud is threaded into the first screw hole to 0.1 N·m. Even when the torque value when the stud is threaded into the first screw hole is greater than 30 N·m, the contact resistance cannot decrease any further. Therefore, the inventors set the torque range when the stud is threaded into the first screw hole to 0.1 N·m to 30 N·m.

[0074] In one embodiment, the number of the attachment / detachment devices is 2 to 36. The number of charging terminals 2 is also 2 to 36. That is, all charging terminals 2 may be installed as detachable mechanisms. Therefore, if any charging terminal 2 is damaged, it can be quickly replaced, saving maintenance time and reducing maintenance costs.

[0075] In a preferred embodiment, the charging inlet body is provided with a locking groove, the flat cable 7 is drilled into the locking groove, and the locking groove is configured to prevent the flat cable 7 from moving along the axial direction of the stud.

[0076] In one embodiment, charging inlet body 1 is provided with a wire outlet 11, and flat cable 7 is inserted into charging inlet body 1 through wire outlet 11. This facilitates assembly and insertion / removal of flat cable 7, and also seals the location where flat cable 7 is attached, ensuring waterproofing of charging inlet body 1, making operation more convenient and improving assembly efficiency.

[0077] The cable outlet 11 can limit the position and direction in which the flat cable 7 is pulled out. In one embodiment, the cable outlet 11 is provided toward the side of the charging inlet body 1. The cable outlet 11 is provided in the vertical direction, and the flat cable 7 is pulled out in the vertical direction. Moreover, the flat cable 7 can be bent. In one embodiment, the cable outlet 11 is provided in the horizontal direction, and the flat cable 7 is pulled out in the horizontal direction. Moreover, the flat cable 7 can be bent. Furthermore, the charging inlet body 1 is provided with at least two sets of cable outlets 11, one set of cable outlets 11 being provided in the vertical direction and the other set of cable outlets 11 being provided in the horizontal direction. During use, one of the sets of cable outlets 11 can be selected to position the flat cable 7, allowing the pulling direction of the flat cable 7 to match the installation environment.

[0078] In one embodiment, the direction of the wire outlet 11 forms a certain angle with the front-rear direction of the charging inlet body 1. In the installation environment of the charging inlet body 1, the direction in which the flat cable 7 is pulled out from the charging inlet body 1 does not necessarily have to be toward the rear or side of the charging inlet body 1, but may form a certain angle with the axial direction of the charging inlet body 1. The direction of the wire outlet 11 may be directly set to the required pull-out direction of the flat cable 7 in the installation environment. This avoids the need to re-bend the flat cable 7, allowing it to be installed directly, and also avoids the inability to bend the flat cable 7 for installation due to its high hardness.

[0079] In a preferred embodiment, a gasket 4 is provided between the flat cable 7 and the charging inlet body 1. This effectively prevents water or dust from entering the charging inlet body 1, as shown in FIG.

[0080] In a preferred embodiment, a removal portion 8 is provided at the rear end of the charging terminal 2, and as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the cross section of the removal portion 8 is flat or polygonal.

[0081] In one embodiment, the detachable device further includes a detachable structure for detachably connecting to the connecting structure 9. One end of the detachable structure is connected to the fixed end 31 of the detachable device, and the other end is detachably connected to the connecting structure 9.

[0082] In a preferred embodiment, the detachable device further includes a detachable structure, which is screwed to the connecting structure 9. There are various specific screwing methods. For example, the detachable structure may have a male thread and the connecting structure 9 may have a female thread, and the connecting structure 9 may be fitted onto the outside of the detachable structure and screwed, as shown in FIG. 4 . Alternatively, the detachable structure may have a female thread and the connecting structure 9 may have a male thread, and the connecting structure 9 may be screwed into the detachable structure. Therefore, if the charging terminal 2 is damaged and needs to be replaced, it can be easily removed and replaced with a new charging terminal 2.

[0083] The detachable structure has a torque range of 0.1 N·m to 30 N·m when screwed into the connecting structure 9.

[0084] In order to verify the influence of the range of torques at which the detachable structure is screwed into the connection structure 9 on the electrical connection performance between the detachable structure and the connection structure 9, the inventors used the same detachable structure and the connection structure 9 and fastened them with different torques. Then, they measured the contact resistance between the detachable structure and the connection structure 9, and the connection status between the detachable structure and the connection structure 9 that had undergone a vibration test. The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0085] The contact resistance between the detachable structure and the connection structure 9 is measured as follows. A precision resistance meter is used, and both ends of the measurement tip of the precision resistance meter are placed on the detachable structure and the connection structure 9, respectively, and the contact resistance value on the precision resistance meter is then read. Here, the measurement tip of the precision resistance meter is placed in the same position each time a measurement is taken. In this example, a contact resistance greater than 1 mΩ is considered to be unacceptable.

[0086] In the vibration test, the connected sample is placed on a vibration test stand, and after 300 vibration cycles, it is observed whether or not the connection between the detachable structure and the connection structure 9 has come loose. Here, one vibration cycle requires vibration in six directions, with a frequency of 100 Hz and a unidirectional acceleration of 40 m / s 2 In this embodiment, a state in which the connection between the detachable structure and the connecting structure 9 is broken is deemed to be a failure.

[0087] [Table 3]

[0088] As can be seen from Table 3 above, when the torque value when the detachable structure is screwed into the connection structure 9 is less than 0.1 N·m, the contact resistance between the detachable structure and the connection structure 9 fails, and the detachable structure comes loose after a vibration test. Therefore, the inventors set the minimum value of the range of torque when the detachable structure is screwed into the connection structure 9 to 0.1 N·m. Even when the torque value when the detachable structure is screwed into the connection structure 9 is greater than 30 N·m, the contact resistance cannot decrease any further, so the inventors set the range of torque when the detachable structure is screwed into the connection structure 9 to 0.1 N·m to 30 N·m.

[0089] In one embodiment, the detachable structure is a locking claw and the connection structure 9 is a locking groove, or the detachable structure is a locking groove and the connection structure 9 is a locking claw, and the range of connection force by which the detachable structure and the connection structure 9 are engaged is 5N to 500N.

[0090] In order to measure the influence on conductivity of the connection force when the detachable structure and the connection structure 9 are locked, the inventors selected 10 pairs of detachable structures and the connection structure 9 having the same shape and the same expansion / contraction slit width and performed measurements. The measurement results are shown in Table 2.

[0091] [Table 4]

[0092] As can be seen from Table 4, when the connection force is less than 5N or more than 500N, the conductivity is significantly reduced and cannot meet practical requirements. When the connection force is greater than 5N and less than 500N, the conductivity is good. When the connection force is greater than 15N and less than 300N, the conductivity is also excellent. However, when the connection force is greater than 300N, the increase in conductivity is not noticeable, making processing difficult. Therefore, the inventors have determined that a connection force of 15N to 300N is preferable.

[0093] In a preferred embodiment, the charging inlet body 1 further includes a fixing portion, which fixes and connects the flat cable 7 to the charging inlet body.

[0094] Specifically, a second screw hole is provided in the charging inlet body 1, a connection hole is provided in the fixing part, and the fixing part further includes a screw that passes through the connection hole and is screwed into the second screw hole, thereby fixing and connecting the fixing part to the charging inlet body 1. That is, after the flat cable 7 is connected to the attachment / detachment device 3, it may be further fixed by the fixing part. Specifically, a portion of the flat cable 7 may be fixed by being sandwiched between the fixing part and the charging inlet body 1.

[0095] In one embodiment, the flat cable 7 is made of copper or a copper alloy, aluminum, or an aluminum alloy. Electric vehicle cables require large-diameter conductors to conduct current due to high voltages and currents. Copper conductors have excellent conductivity and ductility, making them suitable for use in flat cables 7. However, as copper prices continue to rise, the use of copper as a conductor material inevitably increases costs. Therefore, to reduce costs, alternatives to copper metal have been sought. The content of aluminum metal in the earth's crust is approximately 7.73%. With the optimization of refining technology, the price of aluminum metal has become relatively low. Moreover, aluminum is lighter than copper and has second-highest conductivity, making it suitable for use as a partial copper substitute in electrical connections. Therefore, there is a growing trend toward using aluminum instead of copper in automotive electrical connections.

[0096] The charging inlet body 1 is provided with a temperature sensor and a control panel, and the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the control panel by a data line.

[0097] Furthermore, the temperature sensor was connected in contact with the conductor of the flat cable 7 .

[0098] Alternatively, the temperature sensor is provided in the attachment / detachment device 3 .

[0099] Furthermore, the temperature sensor is integrally molded with the conductor of the flat cable 7. The integral design makes installation more convenient and the measured temperature value more accurate.

[0100] The temperature sensor transmits a temperature signal to the control panel, thereby monitoring the temperature of the conductor of the flat cable 7 or the detachment device 3, and preventing damage caused by excessive temperature. Alternatively, the temperature sensor may be directly connected to the conductor of the flat cable 7, obtaining the temperature value of the conductor of the flat cable 7 in real time and transmitting it to the control panel. The control panel controls the temperature value of the conductor of the flat cable 7 or the detachment device 3 by adjusting the charging current. This allows the temperature measurement accuracy of the conductor of the flat cable 7 to be close to or equal to the theoretical absolute value, resulting in extremely high detection accuracy and rapid output capability.

[0101] Furthermore, the control panel is a circuit board with a built-in control logic circuit. The control logic circuit allows the control panel to monitor the temperature in real time by issuing alarm information when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor exceeds a predetermined temperature. When the temperature detected by the temperature sensor exceeds the predetermined temperature by a predetermined value, the control panel automatically shuts off the charging system, thereby avoiding danger caused by excessively high temperatures.

[0102] Specifically, the temperature sensor may be an NTC temperature sensor or a PTC temperature sensor. The use of these two types of temperature sensors offers the following advantages: Their small volume allows them to measure gaps that other thermometers cannot. They are easy to use, and their resistance value can be selected from a range of 0.1 Ω to 100 kΩ. They are easily processed into complex shapes, allowing for mass production. They have good stability and strong overload capacity, making them suitable for products that require small volume and stable performance, such as conversion adapters.

[0103] By making the cross-sectional area of ​​the connection structure 9 of the charging terminal 2 smaller than or equal to the cross-sectional area of ​​the attachment / detachment device 3, the resistance value of the electrical resistance at the connection point can be prevented from being too large.

[0104] Copper is an active metal, and as such, it undergoes oxidation reactions with oxygen and water during use. Therefore, it is necessary to use one or more inactive metals as the plating layer, thereby extending the service life of the terminal. Similarly, for metal contacts that are frequently inserted and removed, it is necessary to use a metal with excellent wear resistance as the plating layer. This significantly extends the service life of the contact. Furthermore, since good electrical conductivity is also required for the contacts, the conductivity and stability of the above-mentioned metals are superior to those of copper or copper alloys, providing the terminal with better electrical performance and extending its service life.

[0105] In one embodiment, the charging terminal 2 is provided with a first plating layer.

[0106] The material of the first plating layer includes one or more of gold, silver, nickel, tin, zinc, tin-lead alloy, silver-antimony alloy, palladium, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite silver, graphene silver, and silver-gold-zirconium alloy.

[0107] Because charging terminals 2 undergo oxidation reactions with oxygen and water during use, one or more inert metals must be used as the plating layer, thereby extending the service life of the terminals. Similarly, for metal contacts that are frequently inserted and removed, a metal with excellent wear resistance must be used as the plating layer, thereby significantly extending the service life of the contacts. Furthermore, since the contacts must also have good electrical conductivity, the conductivity and stability of the above-mentioned metals are superior to those of copper or copper alloys, providing the terminals with better electrical performance and extending their service life.

[0108] Furthermore, a second plating layer was provided on the surface of the attachment / detachment device.

[0109] Preferably, the material of the second plating layer includes one or more of gold, silver, nickel, tin, zinc, tin-lead alloy, silver-antimony alloy, palladium, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite silver, graphene silver, and silver-gold-zirconium alloy.

[0110] To verify the impact of different plating layer materials on the overall performance of the charging terminal 2, the inventors conducted a series of tests on the number of insertions and removals and corrosion resistance time on charging terminal 2 samples with the same specifications and materials but different plating layer materials, using mating plug-ins with the same specifications. To demonstrate the respective advantages and disadvantages of the selected materials and other commonly used electroplating materials, the inventors also selected tin, nickel, and zinc as the experimental plating layer materials. The experimental results are shown in Table 5 below.

[0111] The test for the number of insertions and removals in Table 5 below was conducted as follows: Each charging terminal 2 was fixed to a testing table, and a mechanical device was used to simulate insertion and removal of the terminal. After every 100 insertions and removals, the test was stopped to observe the damage to the plating layer on the surface of the charging terminal 2. When scratches appeared on the plating layer on the terminal surface, exposing the material of the terminal itself, the test was terminated and the number of insertions and removals at that time was recorded. In this example, a test with fewer than 8,000 insertions and removals was deemed to have failed.

[0112] The corrosion resistance time test in Table 5 was conducted as follows: The charging terminal 2 was placed in a salt spray test box, and salt spray was applied to various positions on the terminal. Every 20 hours, the charging terminal 2 was removed and the surface corrosion was observed. This series of operations constituted one cycle. When the corrosion area on the terminal surface exceeded 10% of the total area, the test was terminated and the number of cycles at that time was recorded. In this example, a test result of fewer than 80 cycles was deemed a failure.

[0113] As can be seen from Table 5 below, when the plating layer material of the charging terminal 2 is the common metal tin, nickel, or zinc, the experimental results are far inferior to those of the other selected metals. The nickel plating layer passed the insertion / removal cycle test, but did not exceed the pass standard by much, and it also failed the salt spray test. In contrast, the experimental results of the other selected metals far exceeded the standard values, revealing that they are relatively stable in terms of performance. Therefore, the inventors selected one or more of gold, silver, silver-antimony alloy, graphite silver, graphene silver, palladium-nickel alloy, tin-lead alloy, and silver-gold-zirconium alloy as the plating layer material.

[0114] [Table 5]

[0115] The second plating layer and the first plating layer are made of different materials. Different combinations of plating materials may be selected between different plating layers as needed. For example, a combination of plating materials with higher conductivity may be selected as needed, or a combination with better corrosion resistance may be selected, or a combination that is most suitable for the actual working environment may be selected after comprehensively considering various factors.

[0116] In one embodiment, a third plating layer is provided on at least a portion of the flat cable 7, and the material of the third plating layer includes one or more of gold, silver, nickel, tin, tin-lead alloy, zinc, silver-antimony alloy, palladium, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite silver, graphene silver, and silver-gold-zirconium alloy.

[0117] To verify the effect of different plating layer materials on the performance of flat cable 7, the inventors conducted tests on selected flat cable 7 samples with the same specifications and materials but different plating layer materials. To demonstrate the respective advantages and disadvantages of the selected materials and other commonly used electroplating materials, the inventors also selected tin, nickel, and zinc as the plating layer materials for the experiments. The experimental results are shown in Table 6 below.

[0118] The corrosion resistance time test in Table 6 below is performed as follows: The flat cable 7 is placed in a salt spray test box, and salt spray is applied to each position on the terminal. Every 20 hours, the charging terminal 2 is removed and the surface corrosion is observed. This series of operations is considered one cycle. When the corrosion area on the terminal surface exceeds 10% of the total area, the test is terminated and the number of cycles at that time is recorded. In this example, a test with fewer than 80 cycles is considered a failure.

[0119] As can be seen from Table 6 below, when the plating layer material of the flat cable 7 is the common metals tin, nickel, or zinc, the experimental results are far inferior to those of the other selected metals. In contrast, the experimental results of the other selected metals far exceeded the standard values, revealing that they are relatively stable in terms of performance. Therefore, the inventors selected one or more of gold, silver, silver-antimony alloy, graphite silver, graphene silver, palladium-nickel alloy, tin-lead alloy, and silver-gold-zirconium alloy as the plating layer material.

[0120] [Table 6]

[0121] The present invention further discloses a vehicle equipped with the above-described charging inlet. The charging inlet has a simple production and manufacturing process and is easy to process, significantly reducing the number of steps required to process the charging inlet. Furthermore, if only the electrical connection device of the charging inlet is damaged during use of the vehicle, it is not necessary to remove the entire charging inlet and used cable; only the charging terminal 2 needs to be removed. This simplifies the maintenance process, making it easy to operate and requiring fewer steps, resulting in low maintenance costs. The vehicle disclosed in the present invention significantly reduces its production costs and maintenance costs.

[0122] The above description is merely a few examples of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the embodiments of the present invention based on the contents disclosed in the application documents without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0123] 1 Charging inlet body 2 Charging terminal 3. Detachable device 31 Fixed end 4 gaskets 5 Locking groove 6 nuts 7 Flat Cable 8 External part 9 Connection structure 11 line exit

Claims

1. The charging inlet includes a charging terminal, a detachable device, and a flat cable. the detachment device is electrically connected to the conductor of the flat cable; the attachment / detachment device is fixedly attached to the charging inlet body, A connection structure is provided on the charging terminal, the charging terminal is detachably connected to the attachment / detachment device by the connection structure; the detachment device further includes a detachment structure detachably connected to the connection structure; the detachable structure is screwed to the connecting structure, and the screwing torque range is 0.1 N m to 30 N m; The charging element is provided with a first plating layer; a second plating layer is provided on the surface of the attachment / detachment device; The charging inlet is characterized in that the second plating layer and the first plating layer are made of different materials.

2. A receiving cavity is provided at a tip of the charging inlet body, The attachment / detachment device is provided inside the receiving cavity, The charging terminal is inserted through the opening of the accommodating cavity and is detachably connected to the detachment device by the connection structure.

2. The charging inlet according to claim 1 .

3. The detachable structure is a locking claw and the connecting structure is a locking groove, or the detachable structure is a locking groove, and the connecting structure is a locking claw; The range of connection force by which the detachable structure and the connecting structure are engaged is 5N to 500N.

2. The charging inlet according to claim 1 .

4. 4. The charging inlet according to claim 3, wherein the connecting force by which the detachable structure and the connecting structure are engaged is in the range of 15N to 300N.

5. 2. The charging inlet according to claim 1, wherein the number of the attachment / detachment devices is 2 to 36.

6. The detachment device includes a fixed end; The fixed end and the conductor of the flat cable are connected by welding, crimping, screwing, or integral molding.

2. The charging inlet according to claim 1 .

7. 7. The charging inlet according to claim 6, wherein the welding method includes one or more of resistance welding, friction welding, ultrasonic welding, arc welding, laser welding, electron beam welding, and pressure diffusion welding.

8. A through hole is provided in the conductor of the flat cable, the fixed end includes a bolt and a nut; The bolt is drilled into the through hole and screwed into the nut.

7. The charging inlet according to claim 6.

9. 9. The charging inlet according to claim 8, wherein the torque range when the bolt is screwed into the nut is 0.1 N·m to 30 N·m.

10. a first screw hole is provided in the conductor of the flat cable; the fixed end includes a stud; The charging inlet according to claim 6 , wherein the stud is threadedly engaged with the first screw hole.

11. 11. The charging inlet according to claim 10, wherein the torque range when the stud is screwed into the first screw hole is 0.1 N·m to 30 N·m.

12. The charging inlet body is provided with a locking groove, The flat cable is inserted into the locking groove, The locking groove is configured to prevent the flat cable from moving along the axial direction of the stud.

11. The charging inlet according to claim 10.

13. The charging inlet body is provided with a line outlet, The charging inlet according to claim 12, wherein the flat cable is inserted into the charging inlet body through the wire outlet.

14. The charging inlet according to claim 13, wherein the wire outlet is provided facing a lateral direction of the charging inlet body.

15. The charging inlet according to claim 13, wherein the direction of the wire outlet forms an angle with a lateral direction of the charging inlet body.

16. The charging inlet according to claim 1 , further comprising a gasket provided between the flat cable and the charging inlet body.

17. A terminal is provided at the rear end of the charging terminal, The cross-sectional shape of the attachment portion is flat or polygonal.

2. The charging inlet according to claim 1 .

18. the charging inlet body further includes a fixing portion; The charging inlet according to claim 1 , wherein the flat cable is fixedly connected to the charging inlet body by the fixing portion.

19. a second screw hole is provided in the charging inlet body; a connection hole is provided in the fixing portion; the fixing portion further includes a screw; The screw passes through the connection hole and is threaded into the second screw hole, whereby the fixing portion is fixedly connected to the charging inlet body.

20. The charging inlet of claim 18.

20. 2. The charging inlet according to claim 1, wherein the number of the charging terminals is 2 to 36.

21. The charging inlet according to claim 1 , wherein the flat cable is made of one of copper, copper alloy, aluminum, and aluminum alloy.

22. The charging inlet body is provided with a temperature sensor and a control panel, The charging inlet according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the control board by a data line.

23. 23. The charging inlet according to claim 22, wherein the temperature sensor is connected in contact with a conductor of the flat cable.

24. 24. The charging inlet according to claim 23, wherein the temperature sensor is integrally molded with the conductor of the flat cable.

25. the control panel is a circuit board; 23. The charging inlet of claim 22, wherein the circuit board includes a control logic circuit.

26. 23. The charging inlet of claim 22, wherein the temperature sensor is an NTC temperature sensor or a PTC temperature sensor.

27. 23. The charging inlet according to claim 22, wherein the temperature sensor is provided in the attachment / detachment device.

28. The charging inlet according to claim 1 , wherein a cross-sectional area of ​​the connection structure of the charging terminal is smaller than or equal to a cross-sectional area of ​​the attachment / detachment device.

29. 2. The charging inlet according to claim 1, wherein the material of the first plating layer includes one or more of gold, silver, nickel, tin, a tin-lead alloy, zinc, a silver-antimony alloy, palladium, a palladium-nickel alloy, graphite silver, graphene silver, and a silver-gold-zirconium alloy.

30. 2. The charging inlet according to claim 1, wherein the material of the second plating layer includes one or more of gold, silver, nickel, tin, a tin-lead alloy, zinc, a silver-antimony alloy, palladium, a palladium-nickel alloy, graphite silver, graphene silver, and a silver-gold-zirconium alloy.

31. a third plating layer is provided on at least a portion of the flat cable; 2. The charging inlet according to claim 1, wherein the material of the third plating layer includes one or more of gold, silver, nickel, tin, a tin-lead alloy, zinc, a silver-antimony alloy, palladium, a palladium-nickel alloy, graphite silver, graphene silver, and a silver-gold-zirconium alloy.

32. An automobile comprising the charging inlet according to any one of claims 1 to 31.

Images