Battery module and battery pack including same

Abstract

A battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a battery cell stack in which battery cell groups, each including at least one battery cell, are stacked along a first direction, and a heat sink including a cooling tube through which a refrigerant flows. Each of the battery cell groups further includes a first cell frame located on an upper portion of the at least one battery cell, or a second cell frame located on a lower portion of the at least one battery cell. The cooling tube includes at least one bent portion having a bent shape. The bent portion surrounds an upper portion or a lower portion of the battery cell group, and the cooling tube covers both sides of any one of the battery cell groups.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] [Cross-reference to related applications] This application claims the benefit of priority based on Korean Patent Application No. 10-2022-0003809, filed January 11, 2022, and Korean Patent Application No. 10-2023-0003719, filed January 10, 2023, and all contents disclosed in the documents of said Korean patent applications are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] The present invention relates to a battery module and a battery pack including the same, and more particularly to a battery module having a water-cooling structure and a battery pack including the same. [Background technology]

[0003] In modern society, the use of portable devices such as mobile phones, laptops, camcorders, and digital cameras has become commonplace, and technological development in the field of such mobile devices is accelerating. Furthermore, rechargeable secondary batteries are being used as power sources for electric vehicles (EVs), hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (P-HEVs), and other vehicles as a way to address air pollution caused by conventional gasoline-powered vehicles that use fossil fuels, and this has led to an increasing need for development of secondary batteries.

[0004] Generally, lithium secondary batteries can be classified into can-type secondary batteries, in which an electrode assembly is housed in a metal can, and pouch-type secondary batteries, in which an electrode assembly is housed in an aluminum laminate sheet pouch, depending on the shape of the exterior material.

[0005] Secondary batteries used in small devices typically have two to three battery cells, while secondary batteries used in medium- to large-sized devices such as automobiles typically use battery modules in which multiple battery cells are electrically connected. These battery modules improve capacity and output by connecting multiple battery cells in series or parallel to form a stack of battery cells. One or more battery modules can also be mounted with various control and protection systems, such as a Battery Disconnect Unit (BDU), Battery Management System (BMS), and cooling system, to form a battery pack.

[0006] If a secondary battery's temperature rises above its optimum level, its performance may deteriorate and, in severe cases, it may explode or catch fire. In particular, in a battery module or battery pack including multiple secondary batteries, i.e., battery cells, the heat generated from the multiple battery cells may be added together in a small space, causing the temperature to rise more quickly and violently. That is, a battery module with multiple stacked battery cells and a battery pack equipped with such a battery module can obtain high output, but it is difficult to remove the heat generated from the battery cells during charging and discharging. If the heat from the battery cells is not properly dissipated, the battery cells will deteriorate more quickly, their lifespan will be shortened, and the risk of explosion or fire will increase.

[0007] Furthermore, battery modules included in vehicle battery packs are frequently exposed to direct sunlight and may be placed in high-temperature conditions, such as in summer or desert regions. Therefore, ensuring stable and effective cooling performance is extremely important when constructing battery modules and battery packs. Cooling methods for battery modules and battery packs can be broadly divided into water-cooling methods that use refrigerants such as coolant water, and air-cooling methods that use cooling air. Of these, water-cooling methods offer excellent cooling performance and can effectively cool the high heat generated by large-capacity battery modules and battery packs.

[0008] Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a conventional battery module, and Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A' in Fig. 1. However, for ease of explanation, Fig. 2 additionally shows a heat sink 30 disposed below the battery module 10.

[0009] 1 and 2, a conventional battery module 10 includes a battery cell stack 12 in which a plurality of battery cells 11 are stacked, and a module frame 20 that houses the battery cell stack 12. In this case, the battery cells 11 are pouch-type battery cells that form a rectangular sheet structure.

[0010] Because a large number of battery cells 11 are stacked, the battery module 10 generates a large amount of heat during charging and discharging. The battery module 10 including the pouch-type battery cells is cooled by bringing the edges of the battery cells 11 into indirect or direct contact with a heat sink 30 having a fixed position and size.

[0011] Specifically, the battery module 10 may include a thermal resin layer 40 positioned between the battery cell stack 12 and the bottom of the module frame 20. Furthermore, when the battery module 10 is mounted on a pack frame to form a battery pack, a heat transfer member 50 and a heat sink 30 may be positioned in this order below the battery module 10. The heat transfer member 50 may be a heat dissipation pad, and the heat sink 30 may have a cooling channel 31 formed therein through which a refrigerant such as coolant flows. The edges of the battery cells 11 stacked in one direction contact the thermal resin layer 40, and heat generated from the battery cells 11 is transferred to the outside of the battery module 10 via the thermal resin layer 40, the bottom of the module frame 20, the heat transfer member 50, and the heat sink 30 in this order. That is, conventional battery modules 10 employ a water-cooled structure that dissipates heat through the edges of the battery cells 11.

[0012] Such a water-cooled structure utilizing the edge portion of the battery cell 11 has a relatively simple structure, but the cooling performance is reduced, and there is a risk of cracks occurring in the pouch case of the battery cell 11 when severe swelling of the battery cell 11 occurs.

[0013] Specifically, during repeated charging and discharging or initial charging, the internal electrolyte of the battery cell 11 may decompose, generating gas and causing the battery cell 110 to swell, i.e., a swelling or breathing phenomenon may occur.

[0014] As the capacity of a battery cell increases, the degree of swelling also increases significantly, and the number of battery cells applied to a battery module also tends to gradually increase. Therefore, controlling the swelling of battery cells inside a battery module has become an important issue.

[0015] 2, the thermal resin layer 40 generally has adhesive properties to secure the battery cells 11, and therefore, when swelling of the battery cells 11 occurs, high stress is generated at the edges of the battery cells 11, which may lead to cracks in the pouch cases of the battery cells 11. In particular, the battery cells 11 located on the outer side of the battery cell stack 12 are subject to greater stress due to swelling, and are therefore at greater risk of cracking.

[0016] In the future, pouch battery cells, pure Si cells, solid-state batteries, and high SiO content cells can be applied to realize high-capacity battery modules and battery packs. These battery cells have a higher degree of swelling.

[0017] If a conventional water-cooling method utilizing the edge portions is applied to a battery module including battery cells with such a high degree of swelling, there is a high risk of cracks occurring in the battery cells, and excessive stress may be applied, which may compromise the structural safety of the battery module.

[0018] Therefore, there is a need for a battery module with a novel cooling structure that can minimize structural damage to battery cells even when the battery module includes battery cells that exhibit high swelling characteristics. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0019] An object of the present invention is to provide a battery module and a battery pack including the same, which can minimize structural damage to battery cells even when the battery module includes battery cells that exhibit high swelling characteristics.

[0020] However, the problems to be solved by the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above problems, and can be variously expanded within the scope of the technical ideas included in the present invention. [Means for solving the problem]

[0021] A battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a battery cell stack in which battery cell groups, each including at least one battery cell, are stacked along a first direction, and a heat sink including a cooling tube through which a refrigerant flows. Each of the battery cell groups further includes a first cell frame positioned above at least one of the battery cells or a second cell frame positioned below at least one of the battery cells. The cooling tube includes at least one bent portion. The bent portion surrounds the upper or lower portion of the battery cell group, and the cooling tube covers both sides of one of the battery cell groups.

[0022] The bending portion may be configured with a plurality of bending portions, one of which surrounds both sides and an upper portion of one of the battery cell groups, and another of which surrounds both sides and a lower portion of the other of the battery cell groups, and the cooling tubes may be connected in a zigzag shape.

[0023] Any one of the bending portions may enclose both sides of any one of the battery cell groups and the first cell frame, and another of the bending portions may enclose both sides of the other of the battery cell groups and the second cell frame.

[0024] The battery module may further include an upper frame and a lower frame located above and below the battery cell stack, respectively.

[0025] The first cell frame may be coupled to the upper frame at a lower side thereof, and the second cell frame may be coupled to the lower frame at an upper side thereof.

[0026] Expanding foam may be injected into at least one of the space between the battery cell stack and the upper frame and the space between the battery cell stack and the lower frame.

[0027] Each of the first cell frame and the second cell frame may include a receiving groove in which at least one battery cell is seated, and a protrusion formed on a surface opposite to the surface where the receiving groove is formed.

[0028] An upper frame and a lower frame may be positioned at an upper portion and a lower portion of the battery cell stack, respectively, and an insertion hole into which the protrusion is inserted may be formed in each of the upper frame and the lower frame.

[0029] The protrusion of the first cell frame is inserted into the insertion hole of the upper frame, and the protrusion of the second cell frame is inserted into the insertion hole of the lower frame.

[0030] At least one of the insertion holes has an opening width wider than that of the protrusion in the first direction, which is a direction in which the battery cell groups are stacked, so that the protrusion can move in the first direction or the opposite direction.

[0031] At least one of the upper frame and the lower frame may include a fixed part and a moving part, and an opening width of the insertion hole in the moving part in the first direction may be wider than an opening width of the insertion hole in the fixed part in the first direction.

[0032] The moving part may be positioned at one end in a direction parallel to the first direction.

[0033] The moving parts may be configured in a plurality of pieces, and the moving parts may be located at both ends in a direction parallel to the first direction, and the fixed part may be located between the moving parts.

[0034] In the fixing part, the first cell frame and the second cell frame can be adhered to the upper frame and the lower frame, respectively, via adhesive members.

[0035] In at least one of the upper frame and the lower frame, an opening width of the insertion hole in the first direction may gradually increase from a central portion toward the first direction and a direction opposite to the first direction.

[0036] An opening may be formed in the receiving groove, and at least one of the battery cells in the battery cell group may contact the bent portion through the opening.

[0037] The battery module may further include side plates located on both sides of the battery cell stack in the first direction, and the side plates may be in the form of leaf springs.

[0038] The side plate may have a configuration in which a plurality of leaf spring members are arranged at intervals along the height direction.

[0039] The side plates may have a leaf spring shape that is indented in the direction in which the battery cell stack is positioned.

[0040] The side plate includes a composite material, and the composite material may be a fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) or a carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP).

[0041] The composite material may include a fiber material, a resin, and a sheet material sandwiched between the fiber materials. The fiber material may include glass fiber or carbon fiber, the resin may include at least one of epoxy or urethane, and the sheet material may include at least one of PET or PU.

[0042] The heat sink may include an inlet manifold connected to one end of the cooling tube and an outlet manifold connected to the other end of the cooling tube, wherein the inlet manifold has an inlet portion through which the refrigerant flows, and the outlet manifold has an outlet portion through which the refrigerant is discharged.

[0043] A battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the battery module. [Effects of the Invention]

[0044] According to one aspect of the present invention, a moving-type cooling structure and a frame structure that can move fluidly depending on the degree of swelling of a battery cell can be realized, thereby minimizing damage to the battery cell during the swelling process.

[0045] Furthermore, by applying surface cooling instead of edge cooling, the cooling performance for the battery cells can be further increased.

[0046] The effects of the present invention are not limited to those mentioned above, and other effects not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description of the claims. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0047] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a conventional battery module. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section taken along the line AA' in FIG. [Figure 3] 1 is a perspective view showing a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 4] 4 is a front view of the battery module of FIG. 3 as viewed from direction B. FIG. [Figure 5] 4 is a perspective view showing the battery module of FIG. 3 with an upper frame, a lower frame, and side plates removed. FIG. [Figure 6] 6 is a front view showing one of the battery cells included in the battery module of FIG. 5. FIG. [Figure 7] 6 is a plan view of the battery module of FIG. 5 as viewed from the C direction. [Figure 8] 6 is a perspective view showing a heat sink, a first cell frame, and a second cell frame included in the battery module of FIG. 5. FIG. [Figure 9] 1 is a front view showing a heat sink according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 10] 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section taken along the cutting line DD' in FIG. 9. FIG. [Figure 11] FIG. 11(a) is a perspective view showing a first cell frame according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 11(b) is a perspective view showing a second cell frame. [Figure 12] FIG. 4 is a bottom view of the battery module of FIG. 3. [Figure 13] FIG. 10 is a bottom view of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 14] FIG. 10 is a bottom view of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 15]1 is a perspective view showing a state in which adhesive members are adhered to a first cell frame and a second cell frame according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. [Figure 16] 4 is a perspective view of a side plate included in the battery module of FIG. 3. FIG. [Figure 17] 4 is a side view of a side plate included in the battery module of FIG. 3. FIG. [Figure 18] 1 is a diagram illustrating a material for a side plate according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 19] FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a first cell frame or a second cell frame according to a modified embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0048] The present invention may, however, be embodied in various different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

[0049] In order to clearly describe the present invention, parts not necessary for the description will be omitted and the same reference numerals will be used throughout the specification to refer to the same or similar components.

[0050] In addition, the size and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrarily shown for the convenience of explanation, and the present invention is not necessarily limited to those shown. Thicknesses are exaggerated to clearly show multiple layers and regions in the drawings. Also, in the drawings, the thicknesses of some layers and regions are exaggerated for the convenience of explanation.

[0051] Furthermore, when a layer, film, region, plate, or other part is said to be "on" or "above" another part, this includes not only the case where it is "directly above" that part, but also the case where there is another part in between. Conversely, when a part is said to be "directly above" another part, it means that there is no other part in between. Furthermore, being "on" or "above" a reference part means being located above or below the reference part, and does not necessarily mean being located "on" or "above" in the opposite direction of gravity.

[0052] Furthermore, throughout the specification, when a part "comprises" a certain element, this does not mean that it excludes other elements, but that it may further include other elements, unless otherwise specified.

[0053] Also, throughout the specification, "in a plane" means when the part in question is viewed from above, and "in cross section" means when the part in question is cut vertically and viewed from the side.

[0054] Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 4 is a front view of the battery module of Fig. 3 as seen from direction B. Fig. 5 is a perspective view showing the battery module of Fig. 3 with an upper frame, a lower frame, and a side plate removed. Fig. 6 is a front view showing one of the battery cells included in the battery module of Fig. 5.

[0055] 3 to 6, a battery module 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a battery cell stack 120 in which battery cell groups 110G are stacked along a first direction (d1), and a heat sink 300 including cooling tubes 310 through which a refrigerant flows. The battery module 100 may further include an upper frame 400 and a lower frame 500 located above and below the battery cell stack 120, respectively.

[0056] The battery cell group 110G includes at least one battery cell 110. That is, one battery cell 110 can form the battery cell group 110G, and a plurality of battery cells 110 can form one battery cell group 110G. As will be described later, in this specification, the battery cell group 110G can be a unit that divides a collection of battery cells 110 that are enclosed in the bent portion 310B of the cooling tube 310 while being accommodated in the first cell frame 210 and / or the second cell frame 220.

[0057] First, the battery cell 110 may be a pouch-type battery cell. Such a pouch-type battery cell may be formed by housing an electrode assembly in a pouch case, which is a laminate sheet including a resin layer and a metal layer, and then bonding the outer periphery of the pouch case. As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the battery cell 110 may be formed in a rectangular sheet structure. Specifically, the battery cell 110 according to this embodiment has a structure in which two electrode leads 111 and 112 face each other and protrude from one end 114a and the other end 114b of a battery body 113, respectively. The battery cell 110 may be manufactured by housing an electrode assembly (not shown) in a battery case 114 and bonding both ends 114a and 114b of the battery case 114 to one side 114c connecting them. That is, the battery cell 110 according to one embodiment of the present invention has a total of three sealing portions, and the sealing portions are structured to be sealed by a method such as fusion, and the remaining other side 114d may be formed by the folded portion of the battery case 114.

[0058] However, the above-described battery cell 110 is merely an example structure, and a unidirectional battery cell in which two electrode leads protrude in the same direction is also possible.

[0059] At least one battery cell 110 forms a battery cell group 110G, and these battery cell groups 110G are stacked in a first direction (d1) to form a battery cell stack 120. The first stacking direction (d1) is expressed as either a direction perpendicular to one surface of the battery body 113 of the battery cell 110, or, with reference to Figures 4 and 6, as a direction parallel to the x-axis direction.

[0060] Each of the battery cell groups 110G includes a first cell frame 210 located above at least one battery cell 110 or a second cell frame 220 located below at least one battery cell 110.

[0061] Specifically, in the battery cell group 110G, at least one battery cell 110 may be seated in one of the first cell frame 210 and / or the second cell frame 220. More specifically, one side of the at least one battery cell 110 is seated in one of the first cell frame 210 and / or the second cell frame 220, and the at least one battery cell 110 is fixed within the battery cell group 110G. As will be described later, the first cell frame 210 and the second cell frame 220 are formed with receiving grooves in which the battery cells 110 are seated, thereby accommodating the battery cells 110. The first cell frame 210 and the second cell frame 220 have the same shape but are positioned differently relative to the battery cells 110 within the battery module 100. The specific structures of the first cell frame and the second cell frame will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 11.

[0062] 4 and 5, when any one battery cell group 110G includes a first cell frame 210, the adjacent battery cell group 110G includes a second cell frame 220. That is, in the battery cell groups 110G arranged along the first direction (d1), the battery cell groups 110G including the first cell frames 210 and the battery cell groups 110G including the second cell frames 220 are arranged alternately.

[0063] Meanwhile, the battery module 100 includes an upper frame 400 and a lower frame 500 located at the top and bottom of the battery cell stack 120, respectively, and the upper frame 400 and the lower frame 500 may be plate-shaped members. The upper frame 400 may be located higher than the first cell frame 210, and the lower frame 500 may be located lower than the second cell frame 220.

[0064] The heat sink according to this embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 5 and FIGS.

[0065] Fig. 7 is a plan view of the battery module of Fig. 5 as seen from direction C. Fig. 8 is a perspective view showing a heat sink, a first cell frame, and a second cell frame included in the battery module of Fig. 5. Fig. 9 is a front view showing a heat sink according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section taken along line D-D' in Fig. 9.

[0066] 5 and 7 to 10, a heat sink 300 according to this embodiment includes a cooling tube 310 through which a refrigerant flows, and the cooling tube 310 includes at least one bent portion 310B. The bent portion 310B may surround the upper or lower portion of the battery cell group 110G, and the cooling tube 310 may cover both sides of one of the battery cell groups 110G. That is, a portion of the cooling tube 310 including the bent portion 310B may cover the upper and both sides of the battery cell group 110G, or the lower and both sides of the battery cell group 110G.

[0067] 5, 7, 8, and 9, a plurality of bending portions 310B may be provided, with one bending portion 310B enclosing both side surfaces and an upper portion of one of the battery cell groups 110G and another bending portion 310B enclosing both side surfaces and a lower portion of the other of the battery cell groups 110G, and the cooling tubes 310 may be connected in a zigzag pattern. More specifically, one bending portion 310B may enclose both side surfaces and the first cell frame 210 of one of the battery cell groups 110G, and the other bending portion 310B may enclose both side surfaces and the second cell frame 220 of the other of the battery cell groups 110G. As described above, the battery cell groups 110G including the first cell frames 210 and the battery cell groups 110G including the second cell frames 220 are arranged alternately, one of the bent portions 310B wraps around the battery cell group 110G including the first cell frame 210, and the next bent portion 310B wraps around the battery cell group 110G including the second cell frame 220, and the cooling tube 310 can be connected in a zigzag pattern overall.

[0068] The heat sink 300 according to this embodiment may include an inlet manifold 320 connected to one end of the cooling tube 310 and an outlet manifold 330 connected to the other end of the cooling tube 310. The inlet manifold 320 has an inlet portion 321 through which the refrigerant flows, and the outlet manifold 330 has an outlet portion 331 through which the refrigerant flows. There are no particular limitations on the shapes of the inlet portion 321 and the outlet portion 331, and they may be tubular or have an open hole shape. Figures 3, 5, 8, etc. show tubular inlet portion 321 and outlet portion 331 as examples.

[0069] 10, at least one space (S) is formed inside the cooling tube 310, and the space (S) may communicate with the inlet 321 and the outlet 331. As a result, the refrigerant that flows in through the inlet 321 flows into the cooling tube 310 via the inlet manifold 320. The refrigerant that flows along the cooling tube 310 may pass through the outlet manifold 330 and finally be discharged via the outlet 331. The refrigerant flows around the battery cells 110 and absorbs heat generated from the battery cells 110. The refrigerant may be cooling water. The battery module 100 according to this embodiment has a water-cooling type cooling structure.

[0070] In this case, the zigzag cooling tube 310 wraps around and connects to the side of the battery cell group 110G, i.e., one surface of the battery body 113 of the battery cell 110 (see FIG. 6 ). That is, the cooling tube 310 contacts one surface of the battery body 113 of the battery cell 110. The conventional battery module 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has an edge cooling structure in which heat is discharged through the edge of the battery cell 110, whereas the battery module 100 of this embodiment has a surface cooling structure in which the cooling tube 310 contacts one surface of the battery body 113 of the battery cell 110. The entire one surface of the battery body 113 of the battery cell 110 can be in contact with the cooling tube 310, resulting in a significantly larger cooling area, which has the advantage of superior cooling performance compared to the conventional battery module 10.

[0071] As described above, during repeated charging and discharging of the battery cells 110, the internal electrolyte may decompose, generating gas and causing the battery cells 110 to swell, i.e., swelling or breathing may occur. In the case of a conventional battery module 10, because the edges of the battery cells 11 are bonded and fixed to the thermal resin layer 40, high stress is generated at the edges of the battery cells 11 when swelling occurs, which may lead to cracks in the pouch case of the battery cells 11.

[0072] Meanwhile, in the battery module according to this embodiment, the cooling tubes 310 of the heat sink 300 for cooling are connected in a zigzag pattern and arranged between the battery cells 110, so the battery cells 110 are not adhered or fixed at a specific point. Even if high swelling and / or bleeding occurs in the battery cells 110, the assembly between the battery cell stack 120 and the heat sink 300 can provide a certain degree of structural flexibility in the first direction (d1), which is the stacking direction of the battery cells 110, thereby preventing cracks from occurring in the pouch cases of the battery cells 110.

[0073] Furthermore, due to swelling and / or bleeding of the battery cells 110, the battery cells 110 swell in the thickness direction. The portions of the cooling tubes 310 located between the battery cells 110 can absorb this swelling of the battery cells 110. Conventionally, compression pads made of foam material have been interposed between the battery cells 110 to absorb the swelling of the battery cells 110. In this embodiment, the portions of the cooling tubes 310 located between the battery cells 110 absorb the swelling of the battery cells 110 and can replace the function of the conventional compression pads. In other words, the cooling tubes 310 according to this embodiment can not only perform the surface cooling function for the battery cells 110 but also absorb the swelling of the battery cells 110.

[0074] The first cell frame and the second cell frame according to this embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 11 and other figures.

[0075] 11(a) and 11(b) are perspective views showing a first cell frame and a second cell frame according to an embodiment of the present invention. The first cell frame 210 and the second cell frame 220 are distinguished by their positions on the top and bottom of the battery cells, respectively, but since they have the same shape, their specific structures will be described together.

[0076] Figure 11(a) shows the first cell frame 210 or the second cell frame 220 at an angle where the protrusions 210P, 220P can be seen, and Figure 11(b) shows the first cell frame 210 or the second cell frame 220 at an angle where the accommodating grooves 210G, 220G in which the battery cells 110 are seated can be seen.

[0077] 5, 8, and 11(a) and (b), the first cell frame 210 and the second cell frame 220 according to this embodiment may each include receiving grooves 210G and 220G in which the battery cells 110 are seated. As described above, the first cell frame 210 and the second cell frame 220 have the same shape, but differ in that the first cell frame 210 is positioned above the battery cells 110 and the second cell frame 220 is positioned below the battery cells 110. The receiving grooves 210G and 220G may be formed on the surface of the first cell frame 210 or the second cell frame 220 that faces at least one battery cell 110.

[0078] In one battery cell group 110G, at least one battery cell 110 can be inserted and mounted in the receiving groove 210G of the first cell frame 210 and / or the receiving groove 220G of the second cell frame 220. For example, FIG. 11(b) shows that two receiving grooves 210G, 220G are formed. That is, two battery cells 110 can be mounted in one first cell frame 210 or one second cell frame 220. In addition, adhesive and / or double-sided tape can be applied between the battery cell 110 and the receiving groove 210G, 220G to fix the battery cell 110 to the first cell frame 210 and / or the second cell frame 220.

[0079] The first cell frame 210 and / or the second cell frame 220 can protect one side of the battery cell 110 to prevent damage to the battery cell 110. In particular, the first cell frame 210 and / or the second cell frame 220 can prevent the one side of the battery cell 110 from being damaged by the bent portion 310B of the cooling tube 310 during charging and discharging of the battery cell 110. That is, the first cell frame 210 and the second cell frame 220 can complement the rigidity of the battery cell group 110G. In addition, the first cell frame 210 and / or the second cell frame 220 can include an electrically insulating material to insulate and protect the one side of the battery cell 110.

[0080] As described above, according to this embodiment, the battery cells 110 in the battery cell group 110G are inserted into one of the receiving grooves 210G, 220G of the first cell frame 210 and / or the second cell frame 220 and are then enclosed by the cooling tubes 310 of the heat sink 300. The first cell frame 210 and / or the second cell frame 220 improve the assembly and manufacturing processability between the battery cells 110 and the heat sink 300, and enhance structural safety. The first cell frame 210 and / or the second cell frame 220 separate the multiple battery cells 110 into the battery cell group 110G, and at least one battery cell 110 is fixed within the battery cell group 110G. Therefore, the zigzag cooling tubes 310 can be more stably and easily provided between the multiple battery cells 110. In particular, because the bent portions 310B are formed to correspond to the first cell frame 210 and / or the second cell frame 220, the reference points for forming the bent portions 310B are clearly defined. If the first cell frame 210 and / or the second cell frame 220 were not present, it would be difficult to set a reference point when arranging the cooling tube 310 with the bent portion 310B between the battery cells 110. The pouch-type battery cells 110, which are somewhat weak and flexible, must be fixed in a specific position to arrange the heat sink, but without the first cell frame 210 and the second cell frame 220, this would be difficult to achieve.

[0081] After at least one battery cell 110 is inserted into the first cell frame 210 and / or the second cell frame 220 to form the battery cell group 110G, the cooling tube 310 is arranged in a zigzag pattern while fixing the bent portion 310B using the first cell frame 210 and / or the second cell frame 220 as a reference point, making assembly easier.

[0082] That is, the first cell frame 210 and / or the second cell frame 220 according to this embodiment can function as a support structure and a fixed reference point for each battery cell group 110G, so as to easily realize an assembly structure between the battery cells 110 and the cooling tubes 310 connected in a zigzag pattern.

[0083] Meanwhile, each of the first cell frame 210 and the second cell frame 220 may include protrusions 210P and 220P formed on the surface opposite to the surface where the receiving grooves 210G and 220G are formed. The protrusions 210P of the first cell frame 210 and the protrusions 220P of the second cell frame 220 are configured to be coupled to the upper frame 400 and the lower frame 500, respectively, and will be described in detail below.

[0084] 3, 4, 7, and 11, the upper frame 400 according to this embodiment may be located higher than the first cell frame 210, and the lower frame 500 may be located lower than the second cell frame 220. In this case, the first cell frame 210 may be coupled to the upper frame 400 below the upper frame 400, and the second cell frame 220 may be coupled to the lower frame 500 above the lower frame 500.

[0085] Specifically, insertion holes 400H and 500H into which the protrusions 210P and 220P are inserted are formed in the upper frame 400 and the lower frame 500, respectively. The insertion hole 500H formed in the lower frame 500 is shown in Figures 12 and 13.

[0086] The protrusion 210P of the first cell frame 210 can be inserted into the insertion hole 400H of the upper frame 400, and the protrusion 220P of the second cell frame 220 can be inserted into the insertion hole 500H of the lower frame 500. The first cell frame 210 and the upper frame 400 can be coupled together by inserting the protrusion 210P of the first cell frame 210 into the insertion hole 400H of the upper frame 400, and the second cell frame 220 and the lower frame 500 can be coupled together by inserting the protrusion 220P of the second cell frame 220 into the insertion hole 500H of the lower frame 500.

[0087] Furthermore, if necessary, a portion of the first cell frame 210 and a portion of the upper frame 400 may be fixed by adhesive, and a portion of the second cell frame 220 and a portion of the lower frame 500 may be fixed by adhesive.

[0088] Hereinafter, a moving frame structure according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to Figures 12 and 13. Although Figures 12 and 13 specifically show only the insertion holes 500H formed in the lower frame 500, the insertion holes 400H formed in the upper frame 400 may have the same or similar structure as the insertion holes 500H described below.

[0089] Fig. 12 is a bottom view of the battery module of Fig. 3. Specifically, Fig. 12 is a diagram showing the battery module of Fig. 3 as viewed in the z-axis direction on the xy plane.

[0090] 7, 8, 11, and 12, as described above, the protrusions 210P of the first cell frame 210 are inserted into the insertion holes 400H of the upper frame 400, and the protrusions 220P of the second cell frame 220 are inserted into the insertion holes 500H of the lower frame 500. At least one of the insertion holes 400H, 500H has an opening width wider than the protrusions 210P, 220P in the first direction (d1), which is the direction in which the battery cell groups 110G are stacked, so that the protrusions 210P, 220P inserted therein can move in the first direction (d1) or the opposite direction.

[0091] In the left side of the enlarged portion in Fig. 12, the opening width (W1) of the insertion hole 500H is approximately the same as the width of the protrusion 220P. On the other hand, in the right side of the enlarged portion in Fig. 12, the opening width (W2) of the insertion hole 500H is wider than the width of the protrusion 220P, allowing the protrusion 220P to move in the first direction (d1) or the opposite direction.

[0092] More specifically, at least one of the upper frame 400 or the lower frame 500 can include a fixed part (FP) and a moving part (MP).

[0093] The opening width (W2) of the insertion hole 500H in the moving part (MP) in the first direction (d1) may be wider than the opening width (W1) of the insertion hole 500H in the fixed part (FP) in the first direction (d1). That is, the battery cell group 110G located in the area corresponding to the moving part (MP) has some freedom of movement in the first direction (d1) or the opposite direction due to the insertion hole 500H having the wide opening width (W2), while the battery cell group 110G located in the area corresponding to the fixed part (FP) has its movement restricted by the insertion hole 500H having the opening width (W1) corresponding to the protrusion 220P. For example, such a moving part (MP) may be configured in plurality, and the moving parts (MP) may be located at both ends in the direction parallel to the first direction (d1), and the fixed part (FP) may be located between the moving parts (MP).

[0094] In a battery cell stack 120 in which pouch battery cells 110 are stacked, swelling of the battery cells 110 can cause the battery cells 110 to bulge significantly in the stacking direction. In particular, when a large number of battery cells are used in a battery module, the battery cells 110 located on both outer sides in the stacking direction of the battery cells 110 are pushed out the most when each battery cell 110 swells, and are therefore subjected to a large pressure force and a large reaction force also acts inside the module frame to which they are fixed. If the pressure force and / or reaction force exceed a threshold, this can have an adverse effect on the performance and / or lifespan of the battery cells 110.

[0095] Therefore, the battery module 100 according to this embodiment is provided with moving parts (MP) at both ends in the first direction (d1) that can tolerate some movement of the battery cell group 110G to alleviate the pressure and / or reaction force applied to the outermost battery cells 110 when swelling occurs. This reduces the variation in pressure applied to each battery cell 110 when swelling occurs, which leads to improved performance and extended lifespan of the battery module 100. That is, the connection between the first cell frame 210 and the second cell frame 220 and the upper frame 400 and the lower frame 500 according to this embodiment can achieve a moving frame structure in combination with the zigzag shape of the heat sink 300 described above. This moving frame structure provides structural flexibility and fluidity against swelling of the battery cells and reduces the variation in pressure, preventing damage such as cracks from occurring in the battery cells.

[0096] FIG. 13 is a bottom view of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0097] 13, similarly to FIG. 12, the protrusion 220P of the second cell frame 220 can be inserted into the insertion hole 500H of the lower frame 500. Although not specifically shown, the protrusion 210P of the first cell frame 210 can be inserted into the insertion hole 400H of the upper frame 400.

[0098] In this case, the opening widths of the insertion holes 400H, 500H in the first direction (d1) gradually increase from the center toward the first direction (d1) and the opposite direction (d1) of the upper frame 400 or the lower frame 500. Referring to the opening widths (W1, W2, W3) in the first direction (d1) of the insertion holes 500H shown in Figure 13, the opening widths (W1, W2, W3) in the first direction (d1) of the insertion holes 500H gradually increase from the center toward the outer ends. The opening width (W1) in the first direction (d1) of the insertion holes 500H located in the center is the narrowest, and the opening width (W3) in the first direction (d1) of the insertion holes 500H located at the outermost ends is the widest.

[0099] As described above, the battery cells 110 located at both outer regions in the stacking direction of the battery cells 110 are pushed out the most when each battery cell 110 swells. Therefore, in this embodiment, the opening widths (W1, W2, W3) of the insertion holes 400H, 500H in the first direction (d1) are designed to gradually increase from the center to both ends in the stacking direction of the battery cells 110, and the allowable degree of movement of the battery cells 110 when swelling is set to correspond to that position. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the deviation in the pressure applied to each battery cell 110 when swelling occurs, which leads to improved performance and longer life of the battery module 100.

[0100] FIG. 14 is a bottom view of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0101] 14, similarly to FIGS. 12 and 13, the protrusion 220P of the second cell frame 220 can be inserted into the insertion hole 500H of the lower frame 500. Although not specifically shown, the protrusion 210P of the first cell frame 210 can be inserted into the insertion hole 400H of the upper frame 400.

[0102] In this case, the moving part (MP) described above may be located at one end in the direction parallel to the first direction (d1). The remaining area may be made up of the fixed part (FP). Depending on the design inside the battery pack to which the battery module is attached, an area where insertion holes 400H and 500H with a relatively wide opening width in the first direction (d1) are formed may be required only at one end in the direction parallel to the first direction (d1). For example, if it is necessary to restrict movement in one direction due to the internal environment of the battery pack, a structure in which the moving part (MP) is provided only at one end in the direction parallel to the first direction (d1), as shown in FIG. 14, may be applied.

[0103] FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing a state in which adhesive members are adhered to the first cell frame and the second cell frame according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0104] Referring to Figures 4, 7, 12, and 15 together, in the fixed part (FP), the first cell frame 210 and the second cell frame 220 can be adhered to the upper frame 400 and the lower frame 500, respectively, via adhesive members 800.

[0105] As described above, the first cell frame 210 may be coupled to the upper frame 400 from below the upper frame 400, and the second cell frame 220 may be coupled to the lower frame 500 from above the lower frame 500. In this case, in the fixing part (FP), the first cell frame 210 may be bonded to the lower surface of the upper frame 400 via the adhesive member 800, and the second cell frame 220 may be bonded to the upper surface of the lower frame 500 via the adhesive member 800.

[0106] For example, the protrusion 210P of the first cell frame 210 can be inserted into the insertion hole 400H of the upper frame 400, and the protrusion 220P of the second cell frame 220 can be inserted into the insertion hole 500H of the lower frame 500, with adhesive members 800 provided around the protrusions 210P and 220P as shown in FIG. 15 . In this embodiment, in addition to adjusting the opening width of the insertion holes 400H and 500H, the adhesive members 800 are provided on the fixing parts FP to restrict movement of the battery cell group 110G toward the fixing parts FP. Furthermore, the adhesive members 800 complement the degree of connection between the first and second cell frames 210 and 220 and the upper and lower frames 400 and 500, thereby improving the structural stability of the entire battery module.

[0107] The side plate according to this embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 16 and 17. FIG.

[0108] 16 and 17 are a perspective view and a side view, respectively, of a side plate included in the battery module of FIG.

[0109] 3, 4, 16, and 17, the battery module 100 according to this embodiment may further include side plates 600 located on both sides of the battery cell stack 120 along the first direction (d1). The side plates 600 may be in the form of leaf springs.

[0110] The side plates 600 according to this embodiment include a material with elasticity, and can apply elasticity to the battery cell stack 120 by a repulsive force against pressure applied in the direction of each side plate 600 from the battery cell stack 120.

[0111] Specifically, each side plate 600 may have a leaf spring shape that is indented toward the location of the battery cell stack 120. More specifically, as shown in Fig. 3, the center of the side plate 600 may be indented more toward the location of the battery cell stack 120 than the ends of the side plate 600 along a direction (y-axis direction or -y-axis direction) parallel to the direction in which the electrode leads 111 of the battery cells 110 protrude. As a result, even if high pressure acts from the battery cell stack 120 toward each side plate 600 due to swelling of the battery cells 110, the side plates 600, which exhibit elastic behavior, can absorb the swelling of the battery cell stack 120 and control the swelling of the battery cells 110.

[0112] That is, the side plate 600 according to this embodiment has a leaf spring shape, and therefore can function not only as a frame for accommodating the battery cell stack 120 but also as an elastic part for controlling the swelling of the battery cells 110.

[0113] 3, 16, and 17, the side plate 600 according to this embodiment may have a configuration in which a plurality of leaf spring members 610 are arranged at intervals along the height direction. Individual leaf spring members 610 with curved centers are arranged at regular intervals along the height direction where the battery cell stack 120 is located. Here, the height direction refers to a direction perpendicular to one surface of the upper frame 400 and / or lower frame 500 and parallel to the z-axis direction.

[0114] Furthermore, the side plate 600 may further include connecting portions 620 that connect the leaf spring members 610 so that the leaf spring members 610 can be spaced apart at regular intervals. There is no particular limitation on the number and / or location of the connecting portions 620, but it is preferable that they be located at both ends of the side plate 600. In some cases, as shown in Figures 16 and 17, a connecting portion 620 that connects the leaf spring members 610 may also be located in the center.

[0115] As described above, the side plate 600 is not configured in the form of a single leaf spring, but includes individual leaf spring members 610 that are separated from each other, allowing for individual responses to the swelling characteristics of each position of the battery cell 110. That is, in this embodiment, the individual leaf spring members 610 are separated, which has the advantage of exhibiting more flexible elastic behavior in response to swelling of the battery cell 110 compared to a completely integrated structure.

[0116] The material of the side plate 600 according to this embodiment will be described in detail below. The side plate 600 according to this embodiment may include a composite material, which may be fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) or carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP). The fiber reinforced plastic and / or carbon fiber reinforced plastic are plastic composite materials reinforced with glass fiber and carbon fiber, respectively, and are materials with excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance.

[0117] When a metal material is used for the side plate 600, a problem arises in that the amount of displacement that can be absorbed when swelling the battery cells 110 is small due to a low tensile modulus of elasticity. Even a slight displacement of the battery cell stack 120 due to swelling of the battery cells 110 generates a large amount of stress in the curved portion of the leaf spring. In the case of battery cells that swell to a large extent, such as pure silicon cells, all-solid-state batteries, and high-SiO2 content cells, the amount of swelling that must be absorbed by the battery module is large due to the large degree of swelling. Therefore, a frame made of a metal material in a battery module that uses such battery cells has limitations in absorbing swelling.

[0118] Meanwhile, fiber reinforced plastic and / or carbon fiber reinforced plastic have tensile strength equal to or greater than that of metal, but have a lower Young's modulus than metal, and therefore exhibit high rigidity against swelling of the battery cell and elastic behavior that can effectively absorb swelling. Pure Si cells and / or all-solid-state batteries generate pressures of up to 3 to 8 MPa at the end of life (EOL), and composite materials of fiber reinforced plastic and / or carbon fiber reinforced plastic exhibit elastic behavior even at such high pressures, making them suitable for use in the side plate 600 of this embodiment.

[0119] In addition, fiber reinforced plastics and / or carbon fiber reinforced plastics are manufactured by laminating glass fibers and / or carbon fibers and then curing resin around them, which has the advantage that the strength and elastic modulus can be set differently in each direction.

[0120] However, conventional fiber reinforced plastic and / or carbon fiber reinforced plastic composite materials were developed with an emphasis on lightweight and high strength properties, resulting in problems such as brittleness and relatively high costs. In contrast, the composite material of this embodiment aims to solve these problems by changing the resin material and incorporating a sheet material in addition to the fiber material.

[0121] FIGS. 18(a) and 18(b) are diagrams illustrating the material of the side plate according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0122] 18(a) and 18(b), as described above, a fiber reinforced plastic and / or carbon fiber reinforced plastic composite material is manufactured by laminating glass fiber and / or carbon fiber and then curing a resin around the laminate. However, the composite material according to this embodiment may include a fiber material 601, a resin 602, and a sheet material 603 interposed between the fiber material 601. The fiber material 601 according to this embodiment may include glass fiber or carbon fiber. The resin 602 to be cured may include at least one of epoxy or urethane, and the sheet material 603 may include at least one of PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) or PU (Polyurethane).

[0123] More specifically, the resin 602 may contain urethane. The brittleness of the composite material is improved by applying urethane, which has soft properties, to the resin 602. In addition, the soft sheet material 603 is interposed between the fiber material 601 to reinforce the softness of the composite material and reduce the amount of expensive fiber material 601 used, thereby saving costs.

[0124] Meanwhile, referring again to FIG. 4 , in the battery module 100 according to this embodiment, foam 700 may be injected into at least one of the space between the battery cell stack 120 and the upper frame 400 or the space between the battery cell stack 120 and the lower frame 500. More specifically, foam 700 may be injected into the space surrounded by some of the battery cells 110, the first cell frame 210, and the upper frame 400. Foam 700 may also be injected into the space surrounded by some of the battery cells 110, the second cell frame 220, and the lower frame 500. The foam 700 may include a silicone material. The foam 700 may function as a kind of spring, repeatedly compressing and swelling up to a certain pressure. When high swelling occurs in the battery cells 110, the foam 700, which repeatedly compresses and swells, imparts structural flexibility to the battery module 100 and helps prevent damage, such as cracks, from occurring on the side surfaces of the battery cells 110.

[0125] FIG. 19 is a perspective view showing a first cell frame or a second cell frame according to a modified embodiment of the present invention.

[0126] 7 and 19 , similar to the previously described embodiment, a first cell frame 210′ ​​and a second cell frame 220′ according to a modified embodiment of the present invention are formed with receiving grooves 210G and 220G, respectively, in which battery cells 110 are seated. In this embodiment, slits 210S and 220S are formed in the receiving grooves 210G and 220G, respectively, to open into the receiving grooves 210G and 220G. At least one battery cell 110 in a battery cell group 110G can come into contact with a bent portion 310B of a cooling tube 310 through the slits 210S and 220S. In addition to the surface cooling structure in which the cooling tube 310 comes into contact with one surface of the battery body 113 of the battery cell 110, at least one battery cell 110 can additionally come into contact with the bent portion 310B. That is, the slits 210S and 220S increase the contact area between the battery cell 110 and the cooling tube 310, thereby improving cooling performance.

[0127] In this embodiment, terms indicating directions such as front, back, left, right, up, and down are used, but these terms are used for convenience of explanation and may vary depending on the position of the object of interest and / or the position of the observer, etc.

[0128] One or more battery modules according to the present embodiment described above may be mounted together with various control and protection systems such as a BMS (Battery Management System), a BDU (Battery Disconnect Unit), and a cooling system to form a battery pack.

[0129] The battery module and / or battery pack may be applied to various devices, specifically, but not limited to, transportation means such as electric bicycles, electric vehicles, and hybrid electric vehicles, and ESS (Energy Storage Systems), and may be applied to various devices that can use secondary batteries.

[0130] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art using the basic concept of the present invention defined in the following claims also fall within the scope of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0131] 100 battery modules 110 battery cells 110G battery cell group 120 Battery cell stack 210 First cell frame 220 Second Cell Frame 300 Heatsink 310 Cooling tube 310B Bent part 400 upper frame 500 lower frame

Claims

1. a battery cell stack in which battery cell groups each including at least one battery cell are stacked along a first direction; a heat sink including a cooling tube through which a refrigerant flows; Including, Each of the battery cell groups further includes a first cell frame positioned on an upper portion of at least one of the battery cells or a second cell frame positioned on a lower portion of at least one of the battery cells; the cooling tube includes at least one bent portion having a bent shape; a battery module including a plurality of the bent portions, one of the bent portions enclosing both side surfaces of one of the battery cell groups and the first cell frame, another of the bent portions enclosing both side surfaces of the other of the battery cell groups and the second cell frame, and the cooling tubes connected in a zigzag pattern.

2. The battery module of claim 1 , further comprising an upper frame and a lower frame located at the upper and lower parts of the battery cell stack, respectively.

3. the first cell frame is coupled to the upper frame at a lower side of the upper frame; The battery module of claim 2 , wherein the second cell frame is coupled to the lower frame at an upper side of the lower frame.

4. The battery module according to claim 2 , wherein expanded foam is injected into at least one of a space between the battery cell stack and the upper frame and a space between the battery cell stack and the lower frame.

5. 2. The battery module of claim 1, wherein each of the first cell frame and the second cell frame includes a receiving groove in which at least one battery cell is seated, and a protrusion formed on a surface opposite to the surface where the receiving groove is formed.

6. an upper frame and a lower frame are respectively positioned on the upper and lower parts of the battery cell stack; The battery module of claim 5 , wherein the upper frame and the lower frame each have an insertion hole into which the protrusion is inserted.

7. the protrusion of the first cell frame is inserted into the insertion hole of the upper frame, The battery module of claim 6 , wherein the protrusion of the second cell frame is inserted into the insertion hole of the lower frame.

8. 8. The battery module of claim 6, wherein at least one of the insertion holes has an opening width wider than that of the protrusion in the first direction, which is a direction in which the battery cell groups are stacked, and the protrusion is movable in the first direction or an opposite direction.

9. at least one of the upper frame or the lower frame includes a fixed part and a moving part; The battery module according to claim 6 , wherein an opening width of the insertion hole in the moving part in the first direction is wider than an opening width of the insertion hole in the fixed part in the first direction.

10. The battery module of claim 9 , wherein the moving part is located at one end in a direction parallel to the first direction.

11. The moving parts are composed of a plurality of parts, The battery module according to claim 9 , wherein the moving parts are located at both ends in a direction parallel to the first direction, and the fixed part is located between the moving parts.

12. The battery module according to claim 9 , wherein in the fixing part, the first cell frame and the second cell frame are respectively adhered to the upper frame and the lower frame via an adhesive member.

13. 7. The battery module of claim 6, wherein at least one of the upper frame and the lower frame has an opening width of the insertion hole in the first direction that gradually increases from a center portion toward the first direction and a direction opposite to the first direction.

14. The receiving groove is formed with an open slit, The battery module according to claim 5 , wherein at least one of the battery cells in the battery cell group contacts the bent portion through the slit.

15. the battery cell stack further includes side plates positioned on both sides of the battery cell stack along the first direction, The battery module of claim 1 , wherein the side plates are in the form of leaf springs.

16. The battery module according to claim 15 , wherein the side plate has a configuration in which a plurality of leaf spring members are arranged at intervals along a height direction.

17. The battery module of claim 15 , wherein the side plates are in the form of leaf springs that are indented in a direction in which the battery cell stack is positioned.

18. the side plate comprises a composite material; The battery module according to claim 15, wherein the composite material is a fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) or a carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP).

19. The composite material includes a fiber material, a resin, and a sheet material interposed between the fiber materials; the fiber material includes glass fiber or carbon fiber; the resin includes at least one of an epoxy or a urethane; The battery module of claim 18 , wherein the sheet material includes at least one of PET or PU.

20. the heat sink includes an inlet manifold connected to one end of the cooling tube and an outlet manifold connected to the other end of the cooling tube; The battery module of claim 1 , wherein the inlet manifold has an inlet portion through which the refrigerant flows, and the outlet manifold has an outlet portion through which the refrigerant is discharged.

21. A battery pack comprising the battery module according to claim 1.

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