Drainage system

Abstract

To provide a drainage system capable of reducing an amount of excavated soil by suppressing depth of a pit for installing a regular drainage tank and a disaster drainage tank while facilitating discharge of drainage during regular use.SOLUTION: A regular drainage tank 2 that stores regular waste water and a disaster drainage tank 4 that is communicated with the regular drainage tank 2 through a communication part 3 and stores waste water flowing in from the regular drainage tank 2 through the communication part 3 in an event of a disaster are provided in a lower part of a building, a floor of the regular drainage tank 2 is configured as a gradient floor having a water gradient, and the floor of the disaster drainage tank 4 is configured as a non-gradient floor having no water gradient.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a drainage system equipped with a constant drainage tank that constantly stores wastewater, and in particular to a drainage system equipped in the lower part of a building with a constant drainage tank that constantly stores wastewater, and a disaster drainage tank that is connected to the constant drainage tank via a communication part and stores wastewater that flows in from the constant drainage tank through the communication part in the event of a disaster. [Background technology]

[0002] In the event of a disaster such as an earthquake, it is desirable to increase the amount of wastewater stored in the tank so that it can be stored for several days even if it becomes impossible to discharge wastewater from the tank regularly due to the disruption of sewer pipes.

[0003] Therefore, Non-Patent Document 1 shows a drainage system that includes a normal drainage tank (sewage tank 2) that is used regularly, as well as a disaster drainage tank (emergency sewage tank 2) that is connected to the normal drainage tank via a communication part.

[0004] In this drainage system, in the event of a disaster, wastewater from the regular drainage tank flows through the communication part into the disaster drainage tank, so that wastewater can be stored in the disaster drainage tank in addition to the regular drainage tank, thereby increasing the amount of wastewater stored. Furthermore, during normal use, only the regular drainage tank is used, so maintenance costs and labor for daily cleaning and the like can be reduced compared to when both the regular drainage tank and the disaster drainage tank are used on a regular basis. [Prior art documents] [Non-patent literature]

[0005] [Non-Patent Document 1] "Design Guidelines for Disaster Base Buildings (Draft)", National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, NILIM Document No. 1004, pp. 50, 52 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] Incidentally, the diagram shown in Non-Patent Document 1 is a schematic diagram, and the specific configuration is unknown, but the floor of the drainage tank installed in the lower part of the building is given a water gradient to make it easier to drain by pumping. However, in the above-mentioned drainage system, the drainage tank includes a normal drainage tank and a disaster drainage tank, so the installation area of ​​the drainage tank is large, and if a water gradient is given to the entire drainage tank, the pit for installing the drainage tank becomes deeper accordingly, causing the problem of a large amount of excavated soil.

[0007] In view of this situation, the main object of the present invention is to provide a drainage system that can facilitate the discharge of wastewater during normal use while reducing the depth of the pit for installing a normal drainage tank or a disaster drainage tank, thereby reducing the amount of excavated soil. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] A first characteristic configuration of the present invention is a drainage system provided in a lower part of a building with a normal drainage tank for storing normal drainage water, and a disaster drainage tank that is connected to the normal drainage tank through a communication part and stores drainage water that flows in from the normal drainage tank through the communication part in the event of a disaster, The floor of the normal drainage tank is configured as a sloped floor with a water gradient, and the floor of the disaster drainage tank is configured as a non-sloped floor with no water gradient. 、 The normal drainage tank and the disaster drainage tank are separated by a foundation beam, The communication portion is formed below the foundation beam, The disaster drainage tank has a communication pit portion that communicates with the communication portion below the foundation beam by recessing a portion of its floor downward. It's at the point.

[0009] According to this configuration, by using only the regular drainage tank at all times, maintenance costs such as cleaning can be reduced, while the emergency drainage tank can also be used in the event of a disaster, allowing for a larger amount of wastewater to be stored. Furthermore, by making the floor of the regular drainage tank a sloped floor with a water gradient, even when the amount of wastewater in the regular drainage tank is small, the sloped floor allows the wastewater to be collected in a designated location, making it easier to discharge. Furthermore, by making the floor of the emergency drainage tank a flat floor with no water gradient, the depth of the pit for installing the emergency drainage tank, which is only used in the event of a disaster, can be reduced, thereby reducing the amount of soil excavated.

[0010] A second characteristic feature of the present invention is that the disaster drainage tank is shallower than the normal drainage tank.

[0011] According to this configuration, the normal drainage tank is relatively deep, making it easy to ensure a constant amount of available water, and the disaster drainage tank is relatively shallow, making it possible to further reduce the depth of the pit for installing the disaster drainage tank and further reduce the amount of excavated soil.

[0012] A third characteristic feature of the present invention is that the height position of the floor surface of the disaster drainage tank is set to the same height position as the lower end of the communication part.

[0013] According to this configuration, although the floor surface of the disaster drainage tank is flat, it is flush with the lower end of the connecting part, so when the drainage water from the disaster drainage tank is continuously discharged into the drainage tank through the connecting part, it becomes easier to continuously discharge even the drainage water near the floor surface of the disaster drainage tank into the drainage tank. In a fourth characteristic configuration of the present invention, the disaster drainage tank is divided into a plurality of drainage tank sections by foundation beams, and the plurality of drainage tank sections are tank The point is that adjacent ones are connected to each other at the connecting pit portion on the lower side of the foundation beam. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0014] [Figure 1] Diagram showing the drainage system during normal use [Figure 2] Diagram showing the drainage system in the event of a disaster DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0015] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a drainage system according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the drainage system 1 is provided with a normal drainage tank 2 that stores normal drainage water, and a disaster drainage tank 4 that is connected to the normal drainage tank 2 via a communication part 3 and stores drainage water that flows in from the normal drainage tank 2 through the communication part 3 in the event of a disaster, in the lower part of the building. Note that Figure 1 shows the drainage system 1 in normal use, and Figure 2 shows the drainage system 1 in the event of a disaster. In this embodiment, normal use refers to a case where drainage water can be discharged into the sewer pipes, and a disaster refers to a case where drainage water cannot be discharged into the sewer pipes due to a disaster such as an earthquake causing the sewer infrastructure to break.

[0016] The drainage system 1 includes an upper floor drainage channel 6 that naturally discharges wastewater generated on the upper floor into a sewer pipe (see FIG. 1) or into a continuous drainage tank 2 (see FIG. 2), a lower floor drainage channel 7 that naturally discharges wastewater generated on the lower floor into the continuous drainage tank 2, and a drainage tank drainage channel 8 that pumps up wastewater stored in the continuous drainage tank 2 into a sewer pipe (see FIG. 1). The upper floor drainage channel 6 is configured so that the discharge destination of the wastewater can be switched to either the sewer pipe or the continuous drainage tank 2 using a switching manhole 9. The drainage tank drainage channel 8 is equipped with a pump P for pumping up the wastewater. In this embodiment, floors where wastewater can be naturally discharged into a sewer pipe are defined as upper floors, and floors where wastewater cannot be naturally discharged into a sewer pipe are defined as lower floors. Specifically, the ground floor is defined as the upper floor, and the basement is defined as the lower floor.

[0017] The floor of the constant drainage tank 2 (hereinafter referred to as the constant drainage tank floor 11) is configured as a sloped floor with a water gradient. To explain further, the constant drainage tank floor 11 has a constant drainage tank floor portion 12 that occupies the majority of the constant drainage tank floor 11, and a drainage pit portion 13 that recesses downward from the constant drainage tank floor portion 12. The constant drainage tank floor portion 12 is sloped so that it is positioned downward as it approaches the side where the drainage pit portion 13 is located (the right side in Figures 1 and 2) in the direction in which the constant drainage tank floor portion 12 and the drainage pit portion 13 are aligned in a plan view (referred to as the alignment direction X), and is configured as a sloped floor with a water gradient.

[0018] The drainage pit portion 13 is located at the end of the constant drainage tank floor 11 in the arrangement direction X, and is formed in a shape that recesses downward from the end of the constant drainage tank floor portion 12. Furthermore, the drainage pit portion 13 does not have a water gradient. In this way, the constant drainage tank floor 11, except for the drainage pit portion 13, is configured as a sloped floor for the constant drainage tank floor portion 12. The drainage pit portion 13 functions as a suction pit into which the drainage tank drainage channel 8 sucks in drainage water. Because the constant drainage tank floor portion 12 is configured as a sloped floor, and the drainage water on the constant drainage tank floor portion 12 flows toward the drainage pit portion 13, drainage by pumping up the drainage tank drainage channel 8 is facilitated.

[0019] The floor of the disaster drainage tank 4 (hereinafter referred to as the disaster drainage tank floor 16) is configured as a non-graded floor with no water gradient. To explain further, the disaster drainage tank floor 16 has a disaster drainage tank floor section 17 that occupies the majority of the disaster drainage tank floor 16, and a communication pit section 18 that recesses downward from the disaster drainage tank floor section 17. The disaster drainage tank floor section 17 and the communication pit section 18 are non-graded floors with no water gradient, and the entire disaster drainage tank 4 is configured as a non-graded floor.

[0020] The disaster drainage tank 4 is installed across multiple spans of the building's foundation beams 21 and is divided into multiple drainage tank sections 22 by the foundation beams 21. Adjacent drainage tank sections 22 are connected to each other by communication pits 18. In this embodiment, the multiple drainage tank sections 22 are arranged in a row, and communication pits 18 are formed along the direction in which the multiple drainage tank sections 22 are arranged (in this embodiment, the arrangement direction X). The communication pits 18 are formed so as to recess downward from the lower ends of the foundation beams 21, and adjacent drainage tank sections 22 are connected to each other by the communication pits 18 below the foundation beams 21. The communication pits 18 are formed in part of the width direction of the disaster drainage tank floor 16 (a direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction X in a plan view), and disaster drainage tank floor sections 17 are formed on both sides of the communication pits 18 in the width direction.

[0021] Disaster drainage tanks 4 are provided on both sides of the normal drainage tank 2 in the arrangement direction X. The normal drainage tank 2 is formed in one span of the foundation beam 21, and the foundation beam 21 exists between the normal drainage tank 2 and each of the pair of disaster drainage tanks 4. The normal drainage tank 2 and each of the pair of disaster drainage tanks 4 are communicated with by a communication part 3. The communication part 3 is formed below the lower end of the foundation beam 21, and the adjacent normal drainage tank 2 and disaster drainage tank 4 are communicated with each other by the communication part 3 on the lower side of the foundation beam 21.

[0022] The communication section 3 is formed in a pit shape that is continuous with the communication pit section 18, and like the communication pit section 18, does not have a water gradient. The height position of the bottom surface of the communication section 3 is at the same height position as the bottom surface of the communication pit section 18. In this way, the height position of the bottom surface at the lower end of the communication section 3 is at the same height position as part of the floor surface of the disaster drainage tank 4 (the bottom surface of the communication pit section 18), and the height position of the floor surface of the disaster drainage tank 4 is set at the same height position as the lower end of the communication section 3.

[0023] The height position of the upper end of the disaster drainage tank 4 is set to the same height position as the upper end of the normal drainage tank 2. In contrast, the disaster drainage tank floor 16 of the disaster drainage tank 4 is entirely located above the normal drainage tank floor 11 of the normal drainage tank 2, and the normal drainage tank 2 is formed in a shape that protrudes downward relative to the disaster drainage tank 4, and the disaster drainage tank 4 is configured to be shallower than the normal drainage tank 2. Although the disaster drainage tank 4 is shallower than the normal drainage tank 2 as described above, it has a larger floor area than the normal drainage tank 2, and the volume of the disaster drainage tank 4 is larger than the volume of the normal drainage tank 2.

[0024] Next, the drainage system 1 in normal use will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, during normal use, the drainage system 1 discharges wastewater generated on the upper floor into the sewer pipe via the upper floor drainage channel 6, and discharges wastewater generated on the lower floor into the normal drainage tank 2 via the lower floor drainage channel 7. The wastewater discharged into the normal drainage tank 2 is then discharged into the sewer pipe via the drainage tank drainage channel 8. During normal use, the drainage system 1 also discharges wastewater from the normal drainage tank 2 via the drainage tank drainage channel 8 so that the water level in the normal drainage tank 2 remains below the normal full water level. This normal full water level is set below the lower end of the communication section 3. In addition to the normal full water level, a pump operating water level and a pump stop water level are set as the drainage water level, which are lower than the normal full water level and at which the pump P of the drainage tank drainage channel 8 operates and stops. Incidentally, FIG. 1 shows a state in which the drainage water level is at the normal full water level. Also, in Figure 1, the pump stop water level is set to a position lower than the upper end of the drainage pit section 13 (the height position where the stop water level detection unit 25 described later is installed), and the pump operating water level is set to a position higher than the pump stop water level (the height position where the operating water level detection unit 26 described later is installed).

[0025] In the drainage system 1, when the drainage water level is constantly in use, the pump P of the drainage channel 8 for the drainage tank operates when the drainage water level is equal to or higher than the pump operation water level, and the pump P of the drainage channel 8 for the drainage tank stops when the drainage water level is lower than the pump stop water level, so that the drainage water level does not always exceed the full water level. Therefore, during normal use, the water level of the drainage water does not rise above the lower end of the connecting section 3, and the drainage water does not flow into the disaster drainage tank 4, so that the drainage water is stored only in the normal drainage tank 2 out of the normal drainage tank 2 and the disaster drainage tank 4. The drainage system 1 is equipped with a full water level detection unit 23 that detects when the drainage water level has reached the constant full water level, an operating water level detection unit 25 that detects when the drainage water level has reached the pump operating water level, and a stop water level detection unit 26 that detects when the drainage water level has reached the pump stop water level. In this embodiment, the full water level detection unit 23 is equipped with a full water float that rises up when the drainage water level is equal to or higher than the constant full water level, the operating water level detection unit 25 is equipped with an operating float that rises up when the drainage water level is equal to or higher than the pump operating water level, and the stop water level detection unit 26 is equipped with a stop float that rises up when the drainage water level is equal to or higher than the pump stop water level.

[0026] In some cases, wastewater cannot be discharged into sewer pipes due to the rupture of sewer infrastructure caused by a disaster such as an earthquake. Next, the drainage system 1 for use in a disaster when wastewater cannot be discharged into sewer pipes will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, in the event of a disaster, the drainage system 1 discharges wastewater generated on upper floors into the regular drainage tank 2 via the upper floor drainage channel 6, and discharges wastewater generated on lower floors into the regular drainage tank 2 via the lower floor drainage channel 7. The drainage system 1 is also configured to store water in the regular drainage tank 2 and the emergency drainage tank 4 up to the emergency full water level. This emergency full water level is set above the lower end of the communication section 3. In the event of a disaster, wastewater is not discharged from the regular drainage tank 2 to the drain pipe via the drainage tank drainage channel 8, so the water level in the regular drainage tank 2 exceeds the regular full water level and becomes higher than the lower end of the communication section 3. In this way, as the water level in the regular drainage tank 2 rises, wastewater from the regular drainage tank 2 flows through the communication section 3 into the emergency drainage tank 4. Therefore, in the event of a disaster, wastewater is stored in both the regular drainage tank 2 and the emergency drainage tank 4. 2 shows a state in which the drainage water level is at the disaster full water level, and the drainage system 1 is provided with a disaster water level detection unit 24 that detects when the drainage water level has reached the disaster full water level. In this embodiment, the disaster water level detection unit 24 is provided with a disaster float that floats up when the drainage water level is equal to or higher than the disaster full water level. In the drainage system 1, when the sewerage infrastructure is restored and it becomes possible to discharge wastewater into the sewer pipes, the wastewater stored in the regular drainage tank 2 is discharged into the sewer pipes via the drainage tank drainage channel 8. At this time, the wastewater stored in the disaster drainage tank 4 flows through the communication part 3 into the regular drainage tank 2, so the wastewater stored in the disaster drainage tank 4 is also discharged into the sewer pipes via the drainage tank drainage channel 8.

[0027] In this way, the drainage system 1 is equipped with the normal drainage tank 2, as well as the disaster drainage tank 4 which is connected to the normal drainage tank 2 via the communication part 3, and during normal use, an effective water volume is ensured using only the normal drainage tank 2, while during a disaster, wastewater can be stored for a set number of days by using both the normal drainage tank 2 and the disaster drainage tank 4. In this embodiment, the set number of days is the number of days expected to be required for the sewage infrastructure to be restored after it is damaged by a disaster such as an earthquake, and the drainage system 1 is configured to be able to store several days' worth of wastewater (3 to 7 days' worth).

[0028] [Another embodiment] Other embodiments of the present invention will be described below. Note that the configurations of the embodiments described below are not limited to being applied independently, but can also be applied in combination with the configurations of other embodiments.

[0029] (1) In the above embodiment, an example has been described in which the disaster drainage tank 4 is shallower than the normal drainage tank 2. However, for example, the disaster drainage tank 4 may be configured to have the same depth as the normal drainage tank 2.

[0030] (2) In the above embodiment, the height position of the floor surface of the disaster drainage tank 4 is set at the same height position as the lower end of the communication part 3. However, for example, the height position of the floor surface of the disaster drainage tank 4 may be set below the lower end of the communication part 3.

[0031] (3) In the above embodiment, an example has been described in which the communication section 3 is formed on the lower side of the foundation beam 21, and wastewater flows from the normal drainage tank 2 to the disaster drainage tank 4 through the lower side of the foundation beam 21. However, for example, a configuration may be adopted in which the communication section 3 is formed on the upper side of the foundation beam 21, and wastewater flows from the normal drainage tank 2 to the disaster drainage tank 4 so as to overflow the foundation beam 21.

[0032] (4) In the above embodiment, an example has been described in which the disaster drainage tank 4 is divided into a plurality of drainage tank sections 22 by the foundation beams 21. However, the disaster drainage tank 4 may be configured not to be divided into a plurality of drainage tank sections 22 by installing the disaster drainage tank 4 at a height different from that of the foundation beams 21. [Explanation of symbols]

[0033] 1. Drainage system 2. Continuous drainage tank 3 Communication section 4 Disaster drainage tank 11. Continuous drainage tank floor (continuous drainage tank floor) 16 Emergency drainage tank floor (emergency drainage tank floor)

Claims

1. A drainage system comprising a normal drainage tank for storing normal drainage water, and a disaster drainage tank in the lower part of a building, the disaster drainage tank being connected to the normal drainage tank through a communication part and storing drainage water flowing from the normal drainage tank through the communication part in the event of a disaster, The floor of the normal drainage tank is configured as a sloped floor having a water gradient, and the floor of the disaster drainage tank is configured as a non-sloped floor having no water gradient, The normal drainage tank and the disaster drainage tank are separated by a foundation beam, The communication portion is formed below the foundation beam, The disaster drainage tank has a communication pit portion that communicates with the communication portion below the foundation beam by recessing part of its floor downward.

2. 2. The drainage system according to claim 1, wherein the emergency drainage tank is shallower than the normal drainage tank.

3. 3. The drainage system according to claim 1, wherein the floor of the disaster drainage tank is set at the same height as the lower end of the communication portion.

4. The disaster drainage tank is divided into a plurality of drainage tank sections by foundation beams, The drainage system according to claim 1 , wherein adjacent ones of the plurality of drainage tank sections are connected to each other via the connecting pit section below the foundation beam.

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