Foam cushioning material for inter-building collisions and inter-building collision cushioning structure

Abstract

To provide a buffer body for buffering an inter-building collision between adjacent buildings and a buffer structure for the inter-building collision using the same.SOLUTION: A foam cushioning material 1 for inter-building collision, which cushions inter-building collision caused by shaking between adjacent first and second buildings, is provided with a foam cushioning plate 2. The foam cushioning plate 2 is constituted of a plate-like foam resin plate material installed at least at a portion of the first building opposite to the second building.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a foam cushioning material for inter-building collisions and an inter-building collision cushioning structure. [Background technology]

[0002] In urban areas, adjacent buildings such as high-rise buildings are often located close to each other, for example, with a spacing of less than 1 meter. When adjacent buildings are located so closely together, there is a risk of collisions between the buildings due to earthquake shaking. When a collision occurs, not only the exterior of the building but also non-structural components that cannot be seen from the exterior, such as beams, columns, and floors, as well as interior fixtures and other non-structural components, may be damaged by the impact of the collision. Therefore, it is known to install buffers to reduce damage. Known examples of such buffers include cushioning members made of damping rubber (Patent Document 1) and oil dampers (Patent Document 2). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 6-12664 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 9-256676 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, when rubber is used as a buffer, as in Patent Document 1, the repulsive force during a collision is large, and there is a risk that the building in which the buffer is installed may actually apply a large collision force to other adjacent buildings.

[0005] Furthermore, when using mechanical dampers such as oil dampers as in Patent Document 2, extensive construction work is required to penetrate the exterior walls of the building and secure them to the structurally strong frame, and when retrofitting them to an existing building, it may not be possible to install them if the distance between adjacent buildings is narrow. Furthermore, mechanical dampers such as oil dampers are exposed to the elements, so regular maintenance work is required.

[0006] Therefore, the present disclosure provides a new buffer body for an inter-building collision and a buffer structure for an inter-building collision that uses the buffer body. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] One aspect of the present disclosure is a foam cushioning material for inter-building collisions that cushions inter-building collisions caused by shaking between adjacent first and second buildings, the foam cushioning material comprising a foam cushioning plate, the foam cushioning plate being a plate-shaped foam resin plate installed at least at the portion of the first building facing the second building.

[0008] Another aspect of the present disclosure is an inter-building collision buffer structure that buffers inter-building collisions caused by shaking between adjacent first and second buildings, the inter-building collision buffer structure comprising a foam buffer material for inter-building collisions, the foam buffer material for inter-building collisions having a plate-shaped foam buffer plate installed at a portion of the first building facing the second building.

[0009] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, it is possible to mitigate the impact in the event of a collision between buildings and to easily install the structure. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0010] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a foam cushioning material for inter-building collisions according to one embodiment. [Figure 2]Figure 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the state in which the foam cushioning material for inter-building collisions shown in Figure 1 has been installed on a building, Figure 2A is an explanatory diagram showing the state in which multiple buildings are adjacent to each other, Figure 2B is a view from the direction of arrow 2B in Figure 2A, and an explanatory diagram from the direction of arrow 2C in Figure 2A. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the state in which the foam cushioning material for inter-building collisions shown in FIG. 1 is installed on the rising portion of a building. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of part IV in FIG. [Figure 5] 5A and 5B are enlarged partial cross-sectional views of part V in FIG. 4, with FIG. 4A being an enlarged partial cross-sectional view showing the fixture before fastening, and FIG. 4B being an enlarged partial cross-sectional view showing the fixture after fastening. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a first modified example of the foam cushioning material for inter-building collisions shown in FIG. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a second modified example of the foam cushioning material for inter-building collisions shown in FIG. [Figure 8] Figure 8 is a bird's-eye view of the building model used in the simulation. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a plan view of the building model of FIG. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a graph showing the response acceleration in the EW direction of FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0011] One aspect of the present disclosure will be described in detail below. However, the description is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure, and should be understood as a description explaining an exemplary embodiment. The following description does not unduly limit the scope of the claims, and not all of the configurations described in this embodiment are necessarily required as means for solving problems.

[0012] In the following description, terms indicating directions such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used for convenience of explanation and do not indicate a method or mode of use. Terms such as "first" and "second" used in this specification and claims are used as identifying terms to distinguish different components of the invention or embodiments and do not indicate a particular order or superiority or inferiority.

[0013] The terms used in the following description are for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Elements according to an aspect described in the present specification and claims are intended to include the plural unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. The term "and / or" refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed elements. When the terms "comprise," "comprising," "having," or "comprising" appear in the present specification and claims, they are intended to specify the presence of features, operations, elements, or steps. However, they are not intended to exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, operations, elements, steps, and / or groups thereof.

[0014] Explanation of foam cushioning material for inter-building collisions

[0015] 1, the foam cushioning material 1 for inter-building collisions can be configured to include a foam cushioning plate 2 and a backup member 3. The backup member 3 can be configured to include support members 4 (first support members 4a1, 4a2, second support members 4b1, 4b2), a fixing device 5, and an installation member 6.

[0016] Foam cushioning board 2 instructions: The foam buffer board 2 can be made of a foam resin board. The foam resin board can be obtained by cutting a block of foam resin into multiple sheets. Examples of foam synthetic resins used to make the foam resin board include foam olefin resins such as foamed polystyrene resins, foamed polyethylene resins, and foamed polypropylene resins, and foamed polyester resins such as foamed polyethylene terephthalate resins and foamed polyethylene furanoate resins. The foam resin board can be formed as an EPS with a closed-cell structure, which is made by expanding beads made from these foam synthetic resins. This foam buffer board 2 can be a low-density, lightweight material. Furthermore, the lightweight foam buffer board 2 of the foam buffer material 1 for building-to-building collisions facilitates installation, for example, in existing buildings. This facilitates handling during installation, particularly in high-rise buildings, allowing for safe installation. Furthermore, the lightweight foam buffer board 2 reduces the risk of the foam buffer board 2 falling from a building to the ground.

[0017] The expansion ratio of the foamed resin board that becomes the foamed buffer board 2 can be set to 20 times or more and 100 times or less. The higher the expansion ratio, the lower the density and the lighter the weight, and the above-mentioned advantages can be enjoyed.

[0018] Looking at the material properties of the foamed resin plate, particularly its stress-strain relationship, it is known that there is an "elastic region" in which bending deformation of the inner walls dominates without destruction of the internal structure, a "plateau region" in which buckling of the inner walls occurs and progresses accompanied by destruction of the foam cells, resulting in a gradual change in stress, and finally a "densified region" in which the inner walls of most of the foam cells buckle and exhibit behavior close to the compressive characteristics of the raw material itself. Foam cushioning material 1 for building-to-building collisions utilizes this stress-strain behavior of the foamed resin plate, particularly its behavior in the plateau region, to absorb impact.

[0019] The shape of the foam buffer board 2 can be any shape depending on the building to which it is to be installed. As described above, the foam buffer board 2 is a foam resin board, which allows for easy post-processing after foaming, making it particularly suitable for shaping it to fit the installation surface of the building. As an example, the foam buffer board 2 can be polygonal. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the main surface 2a, which is parallel to the exterior surface of the building and exposed outward, and the back surface 2b, which faces the exterior surface of the building, are both formed as horizontally elongated rectangular board surfaces. The size of the foam buffer board 2 can be, for example, 0.1 m or more and 2 m or less per side. Furthermore, the depth length (thickness of the foam resin board) of the side surfaces of the foam buffer board 2, i.e., the right side surface 2c, left side surface 2d, top surface 2e, and bottom surface 2f, which intersect with the main surface 2a, can be 50 mm or more and 500 mm or less.

[0020] The foam buffer board 2 can be configured to have mounting holes 2g. FIG. 1, which illustrates one embodiment, shows multiple (four) mounting holes 2g. As shown in FIG. 1, the mounting holes 2g are formed at positions that align with the through holes (second through hole 4a41 and third through hole 4b3) of the support member 4, which will be described later. As shown enlarged in FIG. 5, the mounting holes 2g have a countersunk portion 2g1 and an insertion hole 2g2. The bottom surface of the countersunk portion 2g1 is formed as a locking portion 2g3 (second locking receiving portion) that is a step located midway in the thickness direction of the foam buffer board 2. The countersunk portion 4c1 is deep enough to accommodate the nut member 5b (second locking member) and the tip of the flat head screw 5a, which will be described later. This prevents the building from directly contacting the nut member 5b or the like, resulting in a large impact, in the event of a building-to-building collision. Furthermore, the nut member 5b and the tip of the flat head screw 5a do not protrude from the main surface 2a, so that the appearance is not impaired.

[0021] The foam buffer board 2 can be configured to have a protective layer (not shown) covering its surface. The protective layer can be provided to prevent deterioration of the foam resin board due to exposure to ultraviolet rays, wind, rain, and foreign matter. Specifically, a coating layer made of a cured urethane paint can be used as an example. Therefore, even if the board is installed for a long period of time, the frequency of maintenance can be significantly reduced.

[0022] Backup member 3 description: The backup member 3 includes a support member 4 , a fixing member 5 , and an installation member 6 .

[0023] 1 can be configured to have first support members 4a1 and 4a2 and second support members 4b1 and 4b2. These support members 4 are all made of metal plate material.

[0024] The first support members 4a1, 4a2 can be configured, for example, as L-shaped metal flat plates, each having a fixed piece 4a3 and a support piece 4a4. In the example shown in Figures 3 and 4, the fixed piece 4a3 is formed in a rectangular flat plate shape that fits along the top edge B1e of the rising portion B1d of the building. A first through hole 4a31 is formed in the fixed piece 4a3. An anchor bolt 6a, which is an installation member 6, is inserted into the first through hole 4a31.

[0025] The support piece 4a4 is formed continuous with one end of the fixed piece 4a3, and in the example of Figures 3 and 4, is formed in the shape of a rectangular flat plate that fits along the outer surface of the rising portion B1d of the building. The support piece 4a4 is formed to have the same length as the height of the foam buffer board 2 described above. This allows the support piece 4a4 to absorb the impact of a collision with the foam buffer board 2 over the entire height of the foam buffer board 2 on the back surface 2b side of the foam buffer board 2. A second through hole 4a41 is formed in the support piece 4a4.

[0026] The second support members 4b1 and 4b2 may be formed, for example, from rectangular metal flat plates. The second support members 4b1 and 4b2 are arranged horizontally in a ladder-like manner on the pair of first support members 4a1 and 4a2. To this end, second through-holes 4a41 are formed in the second support members 4b1 and 4b2, through which flat head screws 5a (first locking members) of the fixing device 5 are inserted. The insertion side of the second through-holes 4a41 through which the flat head screws 5a are inserted is formed with funnel-shaped inclined surfaces 4a42 (first locking receiving portions) that lock with the heads of the flat head screws 5a.

[0027] Assembly of inter-building collision foam cushioning material 1: Next, the assembly of the foam cushioning material 1 for use in an inter-building collision will be described.

[0028] As shown in FIG. 1, the first support members 4a1, 4a2 and the second support members 4b1, 4b2 are aligned with the second through-hole 4a41 and the third through-hole 4b3, and then the flat head screw 5a of the fixing device 5 is inserted through them.

[0029] Next, the flat head screw 5a is inserted into the mounting hole 2g of the foam buffer board 2 and tightened with the nut member 5b. FIG. 5A shows the state where tightening has begun. As the flat head screw 5a continues to be tightened from this state, the head 5a1 of the flat head screw 5a engages with the inclined surface 4a42 (first locking portion) of the second through hole 4a41, and the tip of the flat head screw 5a engages with the locking portion 2g3 (second locking portion) of the mounting hole 2g. This creates a structure in which the first support members 4a1 and 4a2, the second support members 4b1 and 4b2, and the locking portion 2g3 are sandwiched between the flat head screw 5a and the nut member 5b. In other words, the flat head screw 5a and the nut member 5b form a pressing structure in which the first support members 4a1 and 4a2, the second support members 4b1 and 4b2, and the locking portion 2g3 are pressed against each other.

[0030] As the fastening process continues, the second support members 4b1 and 4b2 are embedded in the back surface 2b of the foam buffer board 2, as shown in FIG. 5B. In other words, embedded portions 2b1 of the second support members 4b1 and 4b2 are formed in the foam buffer board 2. Furthermore, when the flathead screw 5a and the nut member 5b are fastened, the first support members 4a1 and 4a2 are embedded in the back surface 2b (not shown). In other words, the depth of the embedded portions 2b1 increases, and the first support members 4a1 and 4a2 are also embedded. This reduces the amount of protrusion of the backup member 3 from the back surface 2b and reduces the gap between the backup member 3 and the outer surface of the rising portion B1d. Reducing the amount of protrusion of the backup member 3 from the back surface 2b also allows the head of the flathead screw 5a to fit inside the second through-hole 4a41 without protruding. The above assembly process results in the foam cushioning material 1 for inter-building collisions.

[0031] Buffer structure for collision between buildings: Figure 2A shows a situation where high-rise buildings B1, B2, and B3 are located adjacent to each other, such as those found in urban areas. The term "building" used in this specification and claims refers to such relatively high-rise buildings and is used as a concept that includes structures. The distance d1 between adjacent first and second buildings B1 and B2, and the distance d2 between adjacent second and third buildings B2 and B3, are, for example, 1 meter or less. When adjacent buildings are located closely together like this, there is a risk of collisions between the buildings due to earthquake shaking.

[0032] Therefore, a cushioning structure for inter-building collisions can be constructed by installing foam cushioning materials 1 for inter-building collisions in collision-risk areas of buildings that may collide with each other due to shaking caused by an earthquake. As a first cushioning structure for inter-building collisions, foam cushioning materials 1 can be installed, for example, in the collision-risk areas B1a and B3a at the top of the lower buildings (first building B1 and third building B3) shown in Figure 2A. In this case, multiple foam cushioning materials 1 for inter-building collisions can be installed side by side, for example, as shown in Figure 2B.

[0033] Furthermore, as a second buffer structure, it can be installed in the intermediate collision risk area B2a of the higher-rise building (second building B2). Figure 2C shows a schematic diagram of the skeleton structure of the second building B2, showing the beams B2b and columns B2c, excluding the exterior walls. As the intermediate collision risk area B2a, the foam buffer material 1 for inter-building collisions can be installed in the junction area B2d of the beams B2b and columns B2c. This is because the junction area B2d has high structural strength.

[0034] Furthermore, the third buffer structure can be installed in both the uppermost collision risk area B1a and the intermediate collision risk area B2a, and in both the uppermost collision risk area B3a and the intermediate collision risk area B2a. A more specific example of installation will be described below using the uppermost collision risk area B1a as an example.

[0035] Installation method for foam cushioning material 1 for inter-building collisions: FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the structure of the uppermost collision hazard area B1a shown in FIG. 2A. A rising portion B1d is formed on the roof B1b of the first building B1, on the side of the exterior wall B1c. This rising portion B1d is a parapet, and the foam cushioning material 1 for inter-building collisions is installed at its top edge B1e using anchor bolts 6a and nut members 6b. The foam cushioning plate 2 and backup member 3 of the foam cushioning material 1 for inter-building collisions are installed so as to be attached to the exterior wall of the rising portion B1d, and any gaps may be sealed with caulking or the like. The mounting holes 2g of the foam cushioning material 1 for inter-building collisions may also be filled with caulking. The foam cushioning material 1 for inter-building collisions can be installed in this manner.

[0036] effect: Below, technical configurations and effects that can be understood from the embodiments will be illustrated and described.

[0037] A foam cushioning material 1 for inter-building collisions that buffers inter-building collisions caused by shaking between adjacent first and second buildings, the foam cushioning material comprising a foam cushioning plate 2, the foam cushioning plate 2 being a plate-shaped foam resin plate installed at least in the portion of the first building facing the second building. Also, a foam cushioning structure for inter-building collisions that buffers inter-building collisions caused by shaking between adjacent first and second buildings, the foam cushioning material 1 for inter-building collisions, the foam cushioning material 1 for inter-building collisions having a plate-shaped foam cushioning plate 2 installed in the portion of the first building facing the second building. These features enable impact reduction during inter-building collisions. Furthermore, the structure can be easily installed in both new and existing buildings.

[0038] Because the foam buffer board 2 is made of a foam resin plate material, the simple configuration consisting of the foam buffer board 2 and backup member 3 solves and reduces the issues associated with conventional shock absorbers using mechanical dampers such as oil dampers, such as the labor-intensive, high construction costs, long construction days, and frequent maintenance. Furthermore, the issue of the large repulsive force during a collision, which is common with conventional shock absorbers made of synthetic rubber, such as tires, is resolved by reducing the repulsive force during a collision through the impact absorption properties of the foam buffer board 2, which involves internal fracture in the plateau region, thereby minimizing the occurrence of damage caused by the impact. Furthermore, the lightweight foam buffer board 2 solves the issues associated with heavy materials such as synthetic rubber, thereby improving handling during installation and reducing the risk of falling. Furthermore, because the foam buffer board 2 is made of a foam resin plate material, it can be made thin, minimizing the amount of protrusion from the building surface where it is to be installed, allowing it to be used even in small sites with building spacings of 1 meter or less. Furthermore, because the foam buffer board 2 is made of a foam resin plate material, it is easy to adjust the shape and size to suit the installation site.

[0039] The foam cushioning material for inter-building collisions (1) includes a backup member (3), which includes a support member (4) and a fastener (5). Therefore, the backup member (3) has a simple configuration with a small number of components, yet can reliably support the foam cushioning plate (2) and effectively cushion an inter-building collision. The support member (4) is formed in a plate shape and includes a fixing piece (4a3) that is fixed to the first building and a support piece (4a4) that extends from the fixing piece (4a3) along the opposing portion and to which the foam cushioning plate (2) is attached. The fastener (5) attaches the foam cushioning plate (2) to the support piece (4a4). Therefore, the backup member (3) can be configured with a simple configuration with a small number of components. Furthermore, the backup member (3) is a ladder structure formed by combining first support members (4a1, 4a2) and second support members (4b1, 4b2) in a ladder-like configuration, and is therefore resistant to deformation and can maintain its initial state without twisting even when subjected to external forces such as wind, rain, foreign objects, or birds.

[0040] The fixing device 5 has a first locking member (flat head screw 5a) that locks with the support piece 4a4, and a second locking member (nut member 5b) that locks with the foam buffer plate 2, and the foam buffer plate 2 is configured to be attached by being fully or partially embedded in the support piece 4a4 by being clamped in a pressed state between the first locking member and the second locking member. This makes it possible to reduce the amount of protrusion of the foam buffer material 1 against inter-building collisions from the installation surface.

[0041] The foam buffer board 2 has mounting holes 2g that accommodate the fixing device 5 within the thickness of the foam buffer board 2. This prevents the fixing device 5 from protruding from the foam buffer board 2, thereby preventing the aesthetic appearance of the foam buffer material for inter-building collisions 1 and the building from being marred.

[0042] The fixing piece 4a3 is shaped to fit along the top edge B1e of the rising portion B1d located on the exterior wall B1c side of the roof B1b of the first building. This allows the fixing piece 4a3 to be installed along the top edge B1e, facilitating construction. The fixing piece 4a3 can also be configured to be installed only on the top edge B1e, which eliminates the need for fixing to the exterior wall B1c and simplifies construction.

[0043] Variations: Modifications of the above embodiment will be listed and explained below.

[0044] As shown in Fig. 6, the top edge 2e of the foam buffer board 2 in the above embodiment can be formed as an inclined surface with a water gradient θ that descends toward the roof portion B1b of the first building B1. This allows rainwater adhering to the top edge 2e to flow toward the roof portion B1b, thereby suppressing deterioration due to corrosion of the components of the foam buffer material for inter-building collisions 1. Furthermore, because rainwater does not flow toward the outside of the building, falling rainwater does not fly and splash on passersby.

[0045] In the above embodiment, an example was shown in which the fixed piece portion 4a3 of the backup member 3 installed at the top end B1e of the rising portion B1d is exposed, but as shown in Fig. 7, it is also possible to configure the structure with a cover member 7 that covers the fixed piece portion 4a3 installed at the top end B1e. The cover member 7 serves as a coping, and by covering the fixed piece portion 4a3 without exposing it, the aesthetic appearance of the top end B1e can be improved.

[0046] In a foam cushioning material 1 for use in inter-building collisions that includes such a cover member 7, the foam cushioning plate 2 can be configured to have a protruding portion 2h (coping-side protruding portion) that protrudes to the side of the cover member 7. The protruding portion 2h can be formed with a recess 2i that receives the outer wall side portion of the cover member 7. This allows the outer wall side portion of the cover member 7 to be covered, resulting in a foam cushioning material 1 for use in inter-building collisions that is integrated with the cover member 7 and has a good appearance. In this case, if a gap occurs between the outer wall side portion of the cover member 7 and the protruding portion 2h, it can be sealed with caulking material to prevent rainwater from entering the interior.

[0047] In the above embodiment, an example has been shown in which the foam buffer board 2 is made up of a single foam resin plate, but it is also possible to use a foam resin plate divided into multiple plates for one backup member 3. This allows the installation area of ​​the foam buffer board 2 to be longer in the horizontal or vertical direction.

[0048] Checking the buffering effect: The effectiveness of the foam cushioning material 1 for inter-building collisions was confirmed by conducting a simulation of the cushioning effect of inter-building collisions, and this is explained below. The ASI-Gauss method was used for the analysis.

[0049] This simulation assumed a situation in which buildings with different natural periods were adjacent to each other. Figure 8 shows the building model used in this simulation. The building models share a common planar shape of 4.0 m in floor height and 6.0 m x 3 spans in both the EW and NS directions, with two buildings arranged side by side in the EW direction, differing only in the number of floors. The two buildings are an 8-story building model (hereinafter referred to as the "low-rise model") and a 12-story building model (hereinafter referred to as the "high-rise model"), with heights of 32 m and 48 m, respectively. All structural components were modeled using linear Timoshenko beam elements.

[0050] The columns were made of square steel pipes and the beams were made of H-shaped steel, both of which were made of SS400. The material constants are shown in Table 1, and the cross-sectional dimensions of the columns and beams for the low-rise and high-rise models are shown in Tables 2 and 3, respectively.

[0051] [Table 1]

[0052] [Table 2]

[0053] [Table 3]

[0054] These dimensions were determined by calculating the base shear coefficient for each building and determining the cross-sectional shape that satisfies the horizontal strength required for the building. The base shear coefficient is 0.232 for the low-rise model and 0.167 for the high-rise model. Both the beams and columns are divided into four elements.

[0055] The floor members were modeled using cross-shaped beam elements as shown in Figure 9. The thickness was set to 300 mm, and the width was set to 3000 mm, which is assumed to be half the span length. The material used was concrete with a compressive strength of 24 MPa and a density of 2.35 × 10 -6 [kg / mm 3 ], elastic modulus 22.6 [GPa], Poisson's ratio 0.2. The floor load on the rooftop is 360 [kgf / m 2 ], and 500 [kgf / m on other floors 2 ] and converted to density dimensions and added to the density of the floor elements.

[0056] The low-rise model and the high-rise model were constructed independently to form a single model, while the two buildings constructed side by side in the EW direction were used as an adjacent model. The total number of elements, total number of nodes, and total number of columns and beams excluding floor elements for each building are shown in Table 4, and the natural periods of each building obtained by free vibration analysis of the single model are shown in Table 5.

[0057] [Table 4]

[0058] [Table 5]

[0059] In addition, Rayleigh damping defined by the following formula 1 was introduced, and the damping rate in free vibration was set to 3.3% for the low-rise model and 2.0% for the high-rise model.

[0060] [Number 1] [C] = α[M] + β[K]

[0061] In Equation 1, [C] represents the overall damping matrix, [M] represents the overall mass matrix, and [K] represents the overall stiffness matrix, with coefficients α=0.045 and β=0.0.

[0062] Furthermore, two types of adjacent models were set up: one without foam buffer boards (hereafter referred to as the "non-buffer model"), and one with foam buffer boards installed on the walls of the low-rise model (hereafter referred to as the "buffer model"). The foam buffer boards were modeled using two types of beam elements.

[0063] The first of the two types of beam elements for the foam buffer board mentioned above is an axial element (hereafter referred to as an EPS element) that extends perpendicular to the wall surface on which the buffer material is installed. The EPS element represents the material properties of the buffer material. The other is an element (hereafter referred to as a frame element) that represents the shape of the buffer material. The frame element is used to determine contact with other buildings and transmit contact forces, and is a virtual element that represents the surface on the model where the buffer material exists. Therefore, it is necessary to avoid erroneous determination of contact due to deformation of the frame element and underestimation of contact forces due to energy absorption. Therefore, under the assumption that the material is both elastic and rigid, the moment of inertia and the cross-sectional area of ​​the member were set to values ​​larger than those calculated from the actual cross-sectional area in order to ensure bending composition and shear rigidity.

[0064] One end of the EPS element is rigidly connected to the column-beam joint on the top floor of the installation surface, and the other end is rigidly connected to the center of the frame part that represents the cushioning surface.

[0065] The distance between adjacent buildings in the model was 200 mm, and two foam buffer boards were installed on the top wall of the low-rise model. The foam buffer boards were 5,000 mm wide, 4,000 mm high, 100 mm thick, and made of polystyrene foam molded material with an expansion ratio of 33 times.

[0066] The input seismic wave is the JMA Kobe source wave observed at the Kobe Marine Meteorological Observatory (now the Kobe Regional Meteorological Observatory) during the 1995 Hyogo-ken Nanbu earthquake. In this simulation, uniaxial excitation is performed in the EW direction only, and the maximum acceleration of the EW-direction acceleration waveform of the JMA Kobe wave is 618 [gal] and the predominant period is 0.39 [s]. The time increment is 1 [ms], and the total number of steps is 40,961.

[0067] Figure 10 shows the response acceleration of the model without buffer material and the model with buffer material installed. The maximum response acceleration of the low-rise model with buffer material installed was approximately 2,400 [gal], which was confirmed to be significantly reduced to approximately 1 / 9 of the model without buffer material. It was also confirmed that the maximum response acceleration of the high-rise model was reduced to approximately 1 / 9. Therefore, this simulation made it clear that foam buffer material for inter-building collisions is effective in absorbing the impact of inter-building collisions. [Explanation of symbols]

[0068] 1. Foam cushioning material for building-to-building collisions 2 foam cushioning boards 2a Main surface 2b Back side 2b1 Embedded part 2c Right side 2d left side 2e Top 2F bottom 2g mounting hole 2g1 Counterbore 2g2 insertion hole 2g3 Locking part 2h Protruding part (protruding part on the top board side) 2i recess 3 Backup parts 4 Support member 4a1, 4a2 First support member 4a3 Fixed piece 4a31 First through hole 4a4 Support piece 4a41 Second through hole 4a42 Slope 4b1, 4b2 Second support member 4b3 Third through hole 5 Fixtures 5a Flat head screw (first locking member) 5b Nut member (second locking member) 6 Installation materials 6a Anchor bolt 6b Nut member 7 Cover member B1 First Building B1a Uppermost collision hazard area B1b roof B1c exterior wall B1d Rising section B1e top B2 Second Building B2a Middle collision risk area B2b beam B2c pillar B2d assembly site B3 Third Building B3a Uppermost collision hazard area

Claims

1. A foam cushioning material for inter-building collisions that cushions inter-building collisions caused by shaking between adjacent first and second buildings, the foam cushioning material comprising a foam cushioning plate; The foam buffer board is a plate-shaped foam resin board material installed at least in a portion of the first building facing the second building, The top edge of the foam buffer board has a water gradient that descends toward the first building. Foam cushioning material for inter-building collisions.

2. Furthermore, the foam cushioning material for inter-building collisions is provided with a backup member, The backup member includes a support member and a fastener. The support member is formed in a plate shape and has a fixing piece portion that is fixed to the first building and a support piece portion that extends from the fixing piece portion along the opposing portion and to which the foam buffer plate is attached, The fixing device is used to attach the foam buffer plate to the support piece portion. The foam cushioning material for inter-building collisions according to claim 1.

3. the fixing device has a first locking member that locks with the support piece portion and a second locking member that locks with the foam buffer board, The foam buffer plate is configured to be attached by being entirely or partially embedded in the support piece portion by being sandwiched in a pressed state between the first locking member and the second locking member. The foam cushioning material for inter-building collisions according to claim 2.

4. The foam buffer board has an attachment hole for accommodating the fastener within the thickness of the foam buffer board. The foam cushioning material for inter-building collisions according to claim 2 or 3.

5. The fixing piece portion has a shape that follows the top end of the rising portion located on the outer wall side of the roof of the first building, The foam cushioning material for inter-building collisions according to any one of claims 2 to 4.

6. The foam buffer board has a capping-side protrusion that faces the outer wall side portion of the capping board installed at the top end of the rising portion when installed on the rising portion located on the outer wall side of the roof of the first building, The capping-side protrusion has a recess that receives the outer wall-side portion of the capping. The foam cushioning material for inter-building collisions according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. An inter-building collision buffer structure for buffering inter-building collisions caused by shaking between adjacent first and second buildings, the structure comprising: an inter-building collision foam buffer material; The foam cushioning material for inter-building collisions has a plate-shaped foam cushioning plate installed in a portion of the first building facing the second building, The top edge of the foam buffer board has a water gradient that descends toward the first building. Collision buffer structure between buildings.

8. A plurality of the foam buffer plates are arranged in a horizontal direction at the opposing locations. The inter-building collision buffer structure according to claim 7.

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