Display devices and electronic devices

Abstract

To provide a display device in which the decrease in opening ratio of pixels is suppressed and the leak current can be reduced.SOLUTION: A display device includes a plurality of anodes separated for each pixel, an insulating layer provided between the adjacent anodes, an organic layer covering the anodes and the insulating layer and provided commonly to the pixels, and a cathode provided on the organic layer. The anode includes a top surface provided higher than a front surface of the insulating layer, and a side surface provided between the top surface and the front surface of the insulating layer. The anode includes at least one part whose side surface decreases in width from a top part to a bottom part of the anode.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a display device and an electronic device including the same. [Background technology]

[0002] In recent years, development of display devices using organic EL (Electro-Luminescence) elements has progressed. As shown in Fig. 1, some of these display devices have a structure including a plurality of anodes 411 separated for each pixel, an insulating layer 412 provided between adjacent anodes 411, an organic layer 413 provided in common to the pixels and covering the plurality of anodes 411 and the insulating layer 412, and a cathode 414 provided on the organic layer 413.

[0003] In a display device having the above structure, chromaticity abnormalities occur during low-luminance emission because current flows between pixels due to the hole injection layer 413A provided directly above each anode 411 as a leakage source. To reduce this leakage current, conventionally, the hole injection layer 413A has been divided by one of the following techniques (1) to (3). (1) When the hole injection layer 413A is formed by vapor deposition, the direction of the vapor deposition is controlled, so that the hole injection layer 413A is divided at the periphery of each pixel, as shown in the region 421. (2) As shown in region 422, by forming insulating layer 412 between adjacent pixels in an overhanging shape, hole injection layer 413A is divided at the periphery of each pixel. (3) By providing a groove 423 in the insulating layer 412 between adjacent pixels, the hole injection layer 413A is separated between adjacent pixels (see, for example, Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2012-216338 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] However, in any of the above conventional structures, the insulating layer 412 between adjacent pixels must have a certain width, which places a significant restriction on the aperture diameter of the pixel, and this may result in a decrease in the aperture ratio of the pixel.

[0006] An object of the present disclosure is to provide a display device that can suppress leakage current while suppressing a decrease in the aperture ratio of pixels, and an electronic device including the same. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the first disclosure provides: Separated into pixels , each containing a metal layer a plurality of anodes; an insulating layer disposed between adjacent anodes; an organic layer that covers the plurality of anodes and the insulating layer and is provided in common to the plurality of pixels; a cathode disposed on the organic layer; Equipped with metal layer has a top surface provided at a position higher than the surface of the insulating layer and a side surface provided between the surface of the insulating layer and the top surface, the anode has at least one portion whose lateral width narrows from the top to the bottom of the anode; the organic layer comprises a hole injection layer disposed adjacent to the anode; The hole injection layer is a display device that is divided at the periphery of each pixel.

[0008] In the first disclosure, the anode may have a second portion narrower than the first portion, between the widest portion of the anode and the surface of the insulating layer. The first portion may be located at the top of the anode or at a position closer to the bottom than the top of the anode. When the anode is viewed from a direction perpendicular to the display surface, the second portion may be located inside the first portion.

[0009] In the first disclosure, the anode may have a side surface that is narrower than the top surface.

[0010] In the first disclosure, the anode may have a tapered shape on at least a portion of its side surface, and the tapered shape may be inclined so that the width of the anode narrows from the top to the bottom of the anode.

[0011] In the first disclosure, the anode may have an overhanging shape on the side surface.

[0012] In the first disclosure, the anode may have a recess on the side surface, and at least a part of this recess may be provided at a position higher than the surface of the insulating layer.

[0013] In the first disclosure, the anode may have a protrusion on the side surface, and this protrusion may be provided at a position higher than the surface of the insulating layer.

[0014] In the first disclosure, the organic layer may include a hole injection layer provided adjacent to the anode, and in this case, the hole injection layer may be divided at the periphery of each pixel.

[0015] In the first disclosure, the surface of the insulating layer may be flat.

[0016] In the first disclosure, the height h of the top surface of the anode with respect to the surface of the insulating layer and the thickness t of the organic layer may satisfy the relationship h≦t.

[0017] In the first disclosure, the organic layer may be configured to be capable of emitting white light, and in this case, the display device may further include a color filter provided on the cathode.

[0018] A second disclosure is an electronic device including the display device of the first disclosure. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0019] [Figure 1]FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a conventional display device. [Figure 2] 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an overall configuration of a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 3] 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a configuration of a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a part of FIG. 3. [Figure 5] FIG. 2 is a plan view showing an example of an arrangement of a plurality of anodes. [Figure 6] FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing an example of the configuration of the organic layer shown in FIG. [Figure 7A] 1A to 1C are process diagrams illustrating an example of a manufacturing method for a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 7B] 1A to 1C are process diagrams illustrating an example of a manufacturing method for a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 7C] 1A to 1C are process diagrams illustrating an example of a manufacturing method for a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 7D] 1A to 1C are process diagrams illustrating an example of a manufacturing method for a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 7E] 1A to 1C are process diagrams illustrating an example of a manufacturing method for a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 7F] 1A to 1C are process diagrams illustrating an example of a manufacturing method for a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 7G] 1A to 1C are process diagrams illustrating an example of a manufacturing method for a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 7H] 1A to 1C are process diagrams illustrating an example of a manufacturing method for a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 8] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the display device. [Figure 9] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the display device. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the display device. [Figure 11]FIG. 2 is a plan view illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a module. [Figure 12A] FIG. 1 is a front view showing an example of the appearance of a digital still camera. [Figure 12B] FIG. 1 is a rear view showing an example of the appearance of a digital still camera. [Figure 13] FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating an example of the appearance of a head-mounted display. [Figure 14] FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of the appearance of a television device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0020] Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in the following order: In all drawings of the following embodiments, the same or corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals. 1. Display Device Configuration 2. Display device manufacturing method 3. Effects 4. Variations 5. Application Examples

[0021] [1 Display Device Configuration] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the overall configuration of an organic EL display device 10 (hereinafter simply referred to as "display device 10") according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The display device 10 is suitable for use in various electronic devices and includes a display area 110A and a peripheral area 110B provided around the periphery of the display area 110A. Within the display area 110A, a plurality of sub-pixels 100R, 100G, and 100B are arranged in a matrix. The sub-pixel 100R displays red, the sub-pixel 100G displays green, and the sub-pixel 100B displays blue. In the following description, the sub-pixels 100R, 100G, and 100B will be referred to as sub-pixels 100 unless otherwise distinguished.

[0022] Columns of sub-pixels 100R, 100G, and 100B displaying the same color are repeatedly arranged in the row direction. Therefore, a combination of three sub-pixels 100R, 100G, and 100B aligned in the row direction constitutes one pixel. A signal line driving circuit 111 and a scanning line driving circuit 112, which are drivers for displaying images, are provided in the peripheral region 110B.

[0023] The signal line driving circuit 111 supplies a signal voltage of a video signal corresponding to luminance information supplied from a signal supply source (not shown) to the selected sub-pixels 100 via the signal lines 111A. The scanning line driving circuit 112 is configured with a shift register and the like that sequentially shifts (transfers) a start pulse in synchronization with an input clock pulse. When writing a video signal to each sub-pixel 100, the scanning line driving circuit 112 scans them row by row and sequentially supplies a scanning signal to each scanning line 112A.

[0024] The display device 10 is a microdisplay in which self-luminous elements such as OLED or Micro-OLED are formed in an array. The display device 10 is suitable for use in a display device for VR (Virtual Reality), MR (Mixed Reality), or AR (Augmented Reality), an electronic viewfinder (EVF), a small projector, or the like.

[0025] Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the configuration of a display device 10 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an enlarged portion of Fig. 3. The display device 10 is a top-emission display device and includes a substrate (first substrate) 11 having one main surface, an insulating layer 12 and a plurality of light-emitting elements 13 provided on the one main surface of the substrate 11, a protective layer 14 provided on the plurality of light-emitting elements 13, a color filter 15 provided on the protective layer 14, a filling resin layer 16 provided on the color filter 15, and an opposing substrate (second substrate) 17 provided on the filling resin layer 16. The opposing substrate 17 side is the top side, and the substrate 11 side is the bottom side.

[0026] (light-emitting element) The plurality of light-emitting elements 13 are arranged in a matrix on one main surface of the substrate 11. The light-emitting elements 13 are white OLEDs or white Micro-OLEDs (MOLEDs). The display device 10 uses a white OLED and a color filter 15 as a colorization method.

[0027] The light emitting element 13 is formed by stacking, from the substrate 11 side, an anode 13A as a first electrode, an organic layer 13B, and a cathode 13C as a second electrode in this order.

[0028] (substrate) The substrate 11 is a support that supports a plurality of light-emitting elements 13 arranged on one main surface. Although not shown, the substrate 11 may also be provided with a driving circuit including a sampling transistor and a driving transistor that control the driving of the plurality of light-emitting elements 13, a power supply circuit that supplies power to the plurality of light-emitting elements 13, and the like.

[0029] Substrate 11 may be made of, for example, glass or resin with low moisture and oxygen permeability, or may be made of a semiconductor that facilitates the formation of transistors, etc. Specifically, substrate 11 may be a glass substrate such as high strain point glass, soda glass, borosilicate glass, forsterite, lead glass, or quartz glass, a semiconductor substrate such as amorphous silicon or polycrystalline silicon, or a resin substrate such as polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl phenol, polyether sulfone, polyimide, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, or polyethylene naphthalate.

[0030] (anode) The anode 13A is provided so as to be electrically separated for each sub-pixel 100. The anode 13A has a top surface 13S1 provided at a position higher than the surface 12S of the insulating layer 12 (hereinafter simply referred to as the "surface 12S of the insulating layer 12") between adjacent sub-pixels 100, i.e., between adjacent light-emitting elements 13, and a side surface 13S2 provided between the surface 12S and the top surface 13S1 of the insulating layer 12. The top surface 13S1 is a deposition surface on which the organic layer 13B is deposited. The side surface 12S2 is a surface for dividing the hole injection layer 131 included in the organic layer 13B during deposition.

[0031] The width of the side surface 13S2 of the anode 13A varies in the height direction of the anode 13A. The anode 13A has a portion on the side surface 13S2 that is narrower than the top surface 13S1. That is, the anode 13A has a portion (second portion) between the widest top portion (first portion) of the anode 13A and the surface 12S of the insulating layer 12, the portion being narrower than the widest top portion of the anode 13A. When the anode 13A is viewed from a direction perpendicular to the display surface, the portion narrower than the widest top portion of the anode 13A is located inside the widest top portion of the anode 13A. More specifically, the anode 13A has a tapered shape over the entire side surface 12S1. The tapered shape is inclined so that the width of the anode 13A narrows from the top to the bottom of the anode 13A. Since the side surface 13S2 of the anode 13A has the above-described shape, the hole injection layer 131 can be divided at the periphery of the sub-pixel 100 when the hole injection layer 131 is formed.

[0032] It is preferable that the height h of the top surface 13S1 of the anode 13A relative to the surface 12S of the insulating layer 12 and the thickness t of the organic layer 13B satisfy the relationship h≦t. This is because the recesses between adjacent anodes 13A can be filled with the organic layer 13B, thereby preventing the cathode 13C from being divided at the periphery of the sub-pixel 100.

[0033] The anode 13A also functions as a reflective layer, and is preferably formed of a metal layer with as high a reflectivity and as large a work function as possible in order to enhance luminous efficiency. The metal layer contains at least one of a simple substance or alloy of a metal element, such as chromium (Cr), gold (Au), platinum (Pt), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), titanium (Ti), tantalum (Ta), aluminum (Al), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), tungsten (W), or silver (Ag). Specific examples of alloys include AlNi alloys and AlCu alloys. The anode 13A may also be formed of a laminated film of multiple metal layers containing at least one of the simple substances or alloys of the above metal elements.

[0034] (cathode) The cathode 13C is provided as a common electrode for all subpixels 100 in the display region 110A. The cathode 13C is a transparent electrode that is transparent to light generated in the organic layer 13B. Here, the term "transparent electrode" also includes a semi-transparent reflective layer. The cathode 13C is made of, for example, a metal or a metal oxide. The metal includes at least one of a simple substance or an alloy of a metal element such as aluminum (Al), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), or sodium (Na). Specific examples of the alloy include an MgAg alloy or an AlLi alloy. The metal oxide includes at least one of a mixture of indium oxide and tin oxide (ITO), a mixture of indium oxide and zinc oxide (IZO), and zinc oxide (ZnO).

[0035] (insulating layer) FIG. 5 is a plan view showing an example of an arrangement of multiple anodes 13A. Note that FIG. 5 shows a state in which the insulating layer 12 and multiple anodes 13A are exposed. The insulating layer 12 electrically separates the anodes 13A for each subpixel 100. The insulating layer 12 is provided between adjacent anodes 13A. More specifically, the insulating layer 12 has multiple holes 12A, and an anode 13A is provided in each hole 12A. A portion of the bottom side of the anode 13A is provided in the hole 12A, and a portion of the top side of the anode 13A protrudes from the surface 12S of the insulating layer 12. The surface 12S of the insulating layer 12 is preferably flat. Because the insulating layer 12 located between adjacent anodes 13A, i.e., between adjacent subpixels 100, does not have a three-dimensional structure 424 (see FIG. 1), the aperture diameter AD of the subpixels 100 can be increased for the same pixel pitch P.

[0036] The insulating layer 12 is made of, for example, an organic material or an inorganic material. The organic material includes, for example, at least one of polyimide and acrylic resin. The inorganic material includes, for example, at least one of silicon oxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, and aluminum oxide.

[0037] (organic layer) The organic layer 13B is provided as an organic layer common to all sub-pixels 100 in the display region 110A. The organic layer 13B is configured to be able to emit white light. The organic layer 13B includes a hole injection layer 131 provided adjacent to the anode 13A. As described above, the hole injection layer 131 is divided at the periphery of the sub-pixel 100 by the side surface 13S2. A non-film-formation region R (see FIG. 4) of the hole injection layer 131 is formed around the sub-pixel 100.

[0038] Fig. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of organic layer 13B shown in Fig. 3. Organic layer 13B has a structure in which a hole injection layer 131, a hole transport layer 132, a light-emitting layer 133, and an electron transport layer 134 are stacked in this order from anode 13A to cathode 13C. Note that the structure of organic layer 13B is not limited to this, and layers other than hole injection layer 131 and light-emitting layer 133 may be provided as needed.

[0039] The hole injection layer 131 is a buffer layer that increases the efficiency of hole injection into the light-emitting layer 133 and also suppresses leakage. The hole transport layer 132 is a buffer layer that increases the efficiency of hole transport into the light-emitting layer 133. When an electric field is applied to the light-emitting layer 133, electrons and holes recombine to generate light. The electron transport layer 134 is a layer that increases the efficiency of electron transport into the light-emitting layer 133. An electron injection layer (not shown) may be provided between the electron transport layer 134 and the cathode 13C. This electron injection layer increases the efficiency of electron injection.

[0040] (protective layer) The protective layer 14 is intended to insulate the light-emitting element 13 from the outside air and to prevent moisture from entering the light-emitting element 13 from the external environment. In addition, when the cathode 13C is made of a metal layer, the protective layer 14 also has the function of preventing oxidation of the metal layer.

[0041] The protective layer 14 is made of, for example, an inorganic material with low moisture absorption. The inorganic material includes, for example, at least one of silicon oxide (SiO), silicon nitride (SiN), silicon oxynitride (SiNO), titanium oxide (TiO), and aluminum oxide (AlO). The protective layer 14 may have a single-layer structure, but may also have a multi-layer structure when the thickness is increased. This is to relieve internal stress in the protective layer 14. The protective layer 14 may be made of a polymer resin. The polymer resin includes at least one of a thermosetting resin and an ultraviolet-curing resin.

[0042] (Color filter) The color filter 15 is, for example, an on-chip color filter (OCCF). The color filter 15 includes, for example, a red filter 15R, a green filter 15G, and a blue filter 15B. The red filter 15R, the green filter 15G, and the blue filter 15B are disposed facing the light-emitting element 13 of the sub-pixel 100R, the light-emitting element 13 of the sub-pixel 100G, and the light-emitting element 13 of the sub-pixel 100B, respectively. As a result, white light emitted from each light-emitting element 13 in the sub-pixel 100R, the sub-pixel 100G, and the sub-pixel 100B passes through the red filter 15R, the green filter 15G, and the blue filter 15B, respectively, and red light, green light, and blue light are emitted from the display surface, respectively. In addition, a light-shielding layer (not shown) may be provided between the color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B of each color, i.e., between the sub-pixels 100. The color filter 15 is not limited to an on-chip color filter, but may be provided on one main surface of the counter substrate 17 .

[0043] (Filled resin layer) The filling resin layer 16 functions as an adhesive layer that bonds the color filter 15 and the counter substrate 17. The filling resin layer 16 contains, for example, at least one of a thermosetting resin and an ultraviolet curing resin.

[0044] (opposing substrate) The counter substrate 17 is provided so that one main surface of the counter substrate 17 faces one main surface of the substrate 11 on which the plurality of light emitting elements 13 are provided. The counter substrate 17, together with the filled resin layer 16, seals the light emitting elements 13, the color filter 15, etc. The counter substrate 17 is made of a material such as glass that is transparent to the colored light emitted from the color filter 15.

[0045] [2. Display device manufacturing method] Hereinafter, an example of a method for manufacturing the display device 10 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to FIGS. 7A to 7H.

[0046] First, using, for example, thin film formation technology, photolithography technology, and etching technology, drive circuits and the like are formed on one main surface of substrate 11, and then insulating layer 12 is formed on the drive circuits and the like. Next, as shown in Fig. 7A, resist is applied onto insulating layer 12 to form resist layer 21. Next, as shown in Fig. 7B, resist layer 21 is processed, for example, by photolithography, to form multiple openings 21A.

[0047] Next, as shown in FIG. 7C, the insulating layer 12 is etched using the resist layer 21 as a mask, thereby forming a plurality of holes 12A with tapered side surfaces in one main surface of the insulating layer 12. Here, the tapered shape is inclined so that the width of the holes 12A narrows in the depth direction of the holes 12A. Next, after removing the resist layer 21, as shown in FIG. 7D, a first anode 13A1 and a second anode 13A2 are sequentially stacked by, for example, sputtering to form an anode 13A having a stacked structure. The first anode 13A1 is made of, for example, Ti. The second anode 13A2 is made of, for example, an AlCu alloy.

[0048] 7E, the anode 13A is polished flat by, for example, CMP (Chemical Mechanical Polish) up to the position of the opening of the hole 12A, thereby forming a plurality of anodes 13A separated for each light-emitting element 13 (i.e., for each sub-pixel 100). Next, as shown in FIG. 7F, the insulating layer 12 is etched so that the top surface 13S1 of the anode 13A is higher than the surface 12S of the insulating layer 12.

[0049] Next, as shown in FIG. 7G, a hole injection layer 131, a hole transport layer 132, an emissive layer 133, and an electron transport layer 134 (see FIG. 6) are stacked in this order on the anode 13A and the insulating layer 12 by, for example, vapor deposition, to form the organic layer 13B. At this time, the tapered shape of the side surface 13S2 of the anode 13A divides the organic layer 13B at the periphery of each subpixel 100. Next, as shown in FIG. 7H, a cathode 13C is formed on the organic layer 13B by, for example, sputtering. This forms a plurality of light-emitting elements 13 on one main surface of the substrate 11.

[0050] Next, a protective layer 14 is formed on the cathode 13C by, for example, vapor deposition or CVD, and then a color filter 15 is formed on the protective layer 14. To smooth out unevenness in the protective layer 14 or unevenness due to differences in the film thickness of the color filter 15 itself, a planarization layer may be formed above, below, or both above and below the color filter 15. Next, the color filter 15 is covered with a filled resin layer 16, for example, by the ODF (One Drop Fill) method, and then the counter substrate 17 is placed on the filled resin layer 16. Next, the filled resin layer 16 is cured by, for example, applying heat or irradiating it with ultraviolet light, thereby bonding the substrate 11 and the counter substrate 17 together via the filled resin layer 16. This seals the display device 10. If the filled resin layer 16 contains both a thermosetting resin and an ultraviolet-curing resin, the filled resin layer 16 may be temporarily cured by irradiating it with ultraviolet light, and then heated to fully cure it.

[0051] [3 Action and Effects] As described above, in the display device 10 according to one embodiment, the anode 13A has a tapered shape on the side surface 13S2. This tapered shape is inclined so that the width of the anode 13A narrows from the top to the bottom of the anode 13A. This allows the side surface 13S2 to separate the hole injection layer 131 at the periphery of each subpixel 100 during the film formation process of the hole injection layer 131. Furthermore, the insulating layer 12 between adjacent subpixels 100 only needs to function to ensure insulation between adjacent anodes 13A, and does not require a conventional three-dimensional structure 424 (see FIG. 1 ). This allows the aperture diameter AD of the subpixels 100 to be increased for the same pixel pitch P. This allows for improved brightness and a longer lifespan for the same pixel pitch P. Furthermore, high definition can be achieved for the same pixel shape.

[0052] Since the distance between the anodes 13A on the surface 12S of the insulating layer 12 can be made larger than the distance between the ends of adjacent anodes 13A, the distance between the ends of the anodes 13A can be made closer while ensuring insulation between adjacent subpixels 100 with the insulating layer 12.

[0053] [4 Variations] (Variation 1) In the above-described embodiment, an example (see FIG. 4) has been described in which anode 13A has a tapered shape over the entire side surface 12S1. However, as shown in FIG. 8, a portion of side surface 12S1 may have a tapered shape. FIG. 8 shows an example in which anode 13A has a tapered shape in a region from the upper end (one end on the top surface 13S1 side) of side surface 12S1 to a specified position on the bottom side. However, a region from a first specified position on the bottom side of the upper end of side surface 12S1 to a second specified position on the bottom side from the first specified position is also possible. However, the first specified position is set at a position higher than surface 12S of insulating layer 12.

[0054] (Variation 2) In the above-described embodiment, the anode 13A has a tapered shape on the side surface 12S1 (see FIG. 4). However, as shown in FIG. 9, a recess 13A3 may be formed on a portion of the side surface 12S1. That is, the anode 13A may have an overhanging shape on the side surface 12S1. At least a portion of the recess 13A3 is located higher than the surface 12S of the insulating layer 12. That is, the entire recess 13A3 may be located higher than the surface 12S of the insulating layer 12, or only a portion of the recess 13A3 may be located higher than the surface 12S of the insulating layer 12. The recess 12A1 extends in the circumferential direction of the side surface 13S2. The recess 12A1 may have a closed loop shape. Although FIG. 9 shows an example in which the cross-sectional shape of the recess 13A3 is substantially U-shaped, it may also be substantially V-shaped, substantially circular arc-shaped, substantially elliptical arc-shaped, substantially parabolic, or the like. Here, the cross-sectional shape of the recess 13A3 refers to the cross-sectional shape when the recess 13A3 is cut in a direction perpendicular to the display surface.

[0055] (Variation 3) In the above-described embodiment, the anode 13A has a tapered shape on the side surface 12S1 (see FIG. 4). However, as shown in FIG. 10, the anode 13A may have a protrusion 13A4 on the side surface 13S2. That is, the anode 13A may have an overhanging shape on the side surface 12S1. The protrusion 13A4 is provided at a position higher than the surface 12S of the insulating layer 12. The protrusion 13A4 extends in the circumferential direction of the side surface 13S2. The protrusion 13A4 may have a closed loop shape. While FIG. 10 shows an example in which the cross-sectional shape of the protrusion 13A4 is substantially U-shaped, it may also be substantially V-shaped, substantially circular arc-shaped, substantially elliptical arc-shaped, or substantially parabolic. Here, the cross-sectional shape of the protrusion 13A4 refers to the cross-sectional shape of the protrusion 13A4 when cut in a direction perpendicular to the display surface. The width of the anode 13A on the bottom side of the protrusion 13A4 is preferably narrower than the width of the anode 13A on the upper side of the protrusion 13A4.

[0056] [5 Application Examples] (electronic equipment) The display device 10 according to any of the above-described embodiments and their modifications may be incorporated into various electronic devices, for example, as a module as shown in FIG. 11 . This module is particularly suited to devices requiring high resolution, such as electronic viewfinders for video cameras and single-lens reflex cameras, or head-mounted displays, which are used with magnification close to the eyes. This module has an exposed area 210 on one short side of the substrate 11 that is not covered by a counter substrate or the like. External connection terminals (not shown) are formed in this area 210 by extending the wiring of the signal line drive circuit 111 and the scanning line drive circuit 112. A flexible printed circuit (FPC) 220 for signal input / output may be connected to this external connection terminal.

[0057] (Example 1) 12A and 12B show an example of the appearance of a digital still camera 310. This digital still camera 310 is an interchangeable lens single-lens reflex type, and has an interchangeable taking lens unit (interchangeable lens) 312 located approximately in the center of the front of a camera main body 311, and a grip part 313 on the left front side for the photographer to hold.

[0058] A monitor 314 is provided at a position shifted to the left from the center on the back of the camera body 311. An electronic viewfinder (eyepiece window) 315 is provided above the monitor 314. By looking through the electronic viewfinder 315, the photographer can visually confirm the optical image of the subject guided by the photographing lens unit 312 and determine the composition. The display device 10 according to any of the above-described embodiments and their modifications can be used as the electronic viewfinder 315.

[0059] (Example 2) 13 shows an example of the appearance of a head-mounted display 320. The head-mounted display 320 has, for example, ear hooks 322 on both sides of a glasses-shaped display unit 321 for wearing on the user's head. The display unit 321 can be the display device 10 according to any of the above-described embodiments and their modifications.

[0060] (Example 3) 14 shows an example of the appearance of a television device 330. This television device 330 has, for example, an image display screen unit 331 including a front panel 332 and a filter glass 333, and this image display screen unit 331 is configured by the display device 10 according to any one of the above-described embodiments and their modifications.

[0061] The above describes in detail one embodiment and modified examples of the present disclosure, but the present disclosure is not limited to the above-described one embodiment and modified examples, and various modifications based on the technical concept of the present disclosure are possible.

[0062] For example, the configurations, methods, steps, shapes, materials, and numerical values, etc., described in the above-described embodiment and modified examples are merely examples, and different configurations, methods, steps, shapes, materials, and numerical values, etc., may be used as necessary.

[0063] The configurations, methods, steps, shapes, materials, numerical values, etc. of the above-described embodiment and modified examples can be combined with each other without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure.

[0064] Unless otherwise specified, the materials exemplified in the above-described embodiment and modified example may be used singly or in combination of two or more.

[0065] The present disclosure may also employ the following configuration. (1) A plurality of anodes separated for each pixel; an insulating layer provided between adjacent anodes; an organic layer that covers the plurality of anodes and the insulating layer and is provided in common to the plurality of pixels; a cathode disposed on the organic layer; and Equipped with the anode has a top surface provided at a position higher than a surface of the insulating layer and a side surface provided between the surface of the insulating layer and the top surface, The anode has at least one portion where the width of the side surface narrows from the top to the bottom of the anode. (2) The display device according to (1), wherein the anode has a second portion between a first portion where the anode is widest and the surface of the insulating layer, the second portion being narrower than the first portion. (3) The display device according to (2), wherein the second portion is located inside the first portion. (4) The display device according to (1), wherein the anode has a portion on the side surface that is narrower than the top surface. (5) the anode has a tapered shape on at least a portion of the side surface; The display device according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the tapered shape is inclined so that the width of the anode narrows from the top to the bottom of the anode. (6) The display device according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein the anode has an overhang shape on the side surface. (7) the anode has a recess on the side surface, The display device according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein at least a part of the recess is provided at a position higher than the surface of the insulating layer. (8) the anode has a protrusion on the side surface, The display device according to any one of (1) to (7), wherein the protrusions are provided at a position higher than the surface of the insulating layer. (9) The display device according to any one of (1) to (8), wherein the organic layer includes a hole injection layer provided adjacent to the anode. (10) The display device according to (9), wherein the hole injection layer is divided at the periphery of each pixel. (11) The display device according to any one of (1) to (10), wherein the surface of the insulating layer is flat. (12) The display device according to any one of (1) to (11), wherein the height h of the top surface of the anode relative to the surface of the insulating layer and the thickness t of the organic layer satisfy the relationship h≦t. (13) the organic layer is configured to be capable of emitting white light; The display device according to any one of (1) to (12), further comprising a color filter provided on the cathode. (14) An electronic device comprising the display device according to any one of (1) to (13). [Explanation of symbols]

[0066] 10 Display device 11 Circuit Board 12 Insulating layer 12A hole 12S surface 13 Light-emitting element 13A anode 13A1 First anode 13A2 Second anode 13A3 Recess 13A4 convex part 13B Organic layer 13C cathode 13S1 Top 13S2 side 14 Protective layer 15 Color Filters 15R red filter 15G green filter 15B Blue filter 16 Filled resin layer 17 Opposing substrate 21 Resist layer 21A opening 100R, 100G, 100B subpixels 110A display area 110B Surrounding area 111 Signal line driver circuit 111A signal line 112 Scanning line driving circuit 112A scan line 131 Hole injection layer 132 Hole transport layer 133 Organic light-emitting layer 134 Electron transport layer 310 Digital still cameras (electronic devices) 320 Head-mounted display (electronic device) 330 Television equipment (electronic equipment) AD opening diameter P pixel pitch h Height of top surface 13S1 t thickness of organic layer 13B

Claims

1. a plurality of anodes separated by pixels, each including a metal layer; an insulating layer provided between adjacent anodes; an organic layer that covers the plurality of anodes and the insulating layer and is provided in common to the plurality of pixels; a cathode disposed on the organic layer; and Equipped with the metal layer has a top surface provided at a position higher than a surface of the insulating layer and a side surface provided between the surface of the insulating layer and the top surface, the anode has at least one portion where the width of the side surface narrows from the top to the bottom of the anode; the organic layer comprises a hole injection layer disposed adjacent to the anode; The hole injection layer is divided at the periphery of each pixel.

2. 2. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the anode has a second portion between a first portion where the anode is widest and the surface of the insulating layer, the second portion having a narrower width than the first portion.

3. The display device according to claim 2 , wherein the second portion is located inside the first portion.

4. The display device according to claim 1 , wherein the anode has a portion on the side surface that is narrower than the top surface.

5. the anode has a tapered shape on at least a portion of the side surface; 2. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the tapered shape is inclined so that the width of the anode narrows from the top to the bottom of the anode.

6. The display device according to claim 1 , wherein the anode has an overhang shape on the side surface.

7. the anode has a recess on the side surface, The display device according to claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the recess is provided at a position higher than the surface of the insulating layer.

8. the anode has a protrusion on the side surface, The display device according to claim 1 , wherein the protrusions are provided at a position higher than the surface of the insulating layer.

9. The display device according to claim 1 , wherein the surface of the insulating layer is flat.

10. 2. The display device according to claim 1, wherein a height h of the top surface of the anode with respect to the surface of the insulating layer and a thickness t of the organic layer satisfy the relationship h≦t.

11. the organic layer is configured to be capable of emitting white light; The display device according to claim 1 , further comprising a color filter disposed on the cathode.

12. An electronic device comprising the display device according to claim 1.

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