Methods for producing low-carbon, negative-carbon products using agricultural and forestry waste as raw materials

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for producing low-carbon and negative-carbon products using agricultural and forestry waste as raw materials, which includes three steps: ecological cultivation transformation, fiberization transformation, and manufacturing of finished products. The present invention can effectively increase the production capacity and land value of infertile and polluted land such as desertified land and alkalized land, and is useful for improving the soil quality of infertile and polluted land such as desertified land and alkalized land. In addition, the composite material has excellent degradable performance, and further improves its mechanical performance and tensile performance. Compared with traditional fully degradable products, the energy consumption and cost of the composite material production are greatly reduced, and one of the main raw materials in the production process is biomass resources, which can achieve the purpose of obtaining "low-carbon" and "negative carbon" products in the production stage.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for producing low-carbon and negative-carbon products using agricultural and forestry waste as raw materials, and belongs to the field of environmentally friendly technology. [Background technology]

[0002] Guided by the "dual carbon" strategy, various industries in China have begun applying carbon emission reduction technologies and developing the research, development, and manufacturing of negative-carbon products. In the fields of material manufacturing and processing, the use of biomass-based raw materials, such as plants, rather than petroleum-based raw materials to produce low-carbon or negative-carbon materials can reduce carbon emissions from raw materials during product production. Furthermore, if the biomass raw materials used are derived from plants grown on tidal flats or other non-arable land, it can create carbon exchange resources for product production, further increase the economic value of the land, and effectively improve soil quality. Furthermore, the adoption of highly efficient processing and manufacturing technologies and equipment can reduce energy consumption from raw materials to products, further reducing carbon emissions during product production and processing.

[0003] Currently, relevant research and testing is mainly focused on the development and design of negative-carbon / low-carbon processes in related industries, and there has been very little research on final negative-carbon / low-carbon products, resulting in a lack of mature low-carbon / negative-carbon product development, production, and manufacturing processes and equipment.In addition, some currently used biomass raw materials use food, which poses problems such as food waste and high costs, and the related production, processing, and manufacturing technologies and equipment have problems such as high energy consumption and large carbon emissions.In addition, there are obvious shortcomings and room for improvement in key utilization stages, such as cost reduction, efficiency improvement, the production and application of high-value products, and carbon emission management and control throughout the entire production process.

[0004] To address the above challenges, it is necessary to develop methods for producing low-carbon / negative-carbon products using agricultural and forestry waste, which is low-cost and widely available as raw materials, through advanced processing techniques and equipment, in order to meet the needs of actual use and industry development. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] The present invention provides a method for producing low-carbon and negative-carbon products using agricultural and forestry waste as raw materials to solve the bottlenecks and shortcomings of the prior art. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] A method for producing low-carbon, negative-carbon products using agricultural and forestry waste as raw materials, S1 step of ecological cultivation modification, which first selects land to be improved, and then cultivates and cultivates carbon fixation economic plants that can produce high-performance and high-yield plant fiber strains on the selected land; S2 step of fiber conversion, in which the economic plants grown in S1 step are periodically harvested and collected, the collected plant raw materials are crushed and sieved, and the plant fiber waste obtained through sieving is subjected to a modification and activation process to obtain activated plant fiber; and step S3 for producing a finished product, in which the activated plant fiber raw material obtained in step S2 is subjected to finishing processing to obtain a low-carbon product.

[0007] Furthermore, in step S1, the land to be improved is desertified land, saline-alkali land, or heavy metal-contaminated land, and the high-performance, high-yield plant fiber strains are jointly cultivated with one or more of eucalyptus, poplar, ramie, jute, blue hemp, hemp, flax, rough hemp, red hemp, kenaf, Chinese zelkova, and ryegrass.

[0008] Furthermore, in the step S2, during the modification and activation process, one or more of an acid treatment, an alkali treatment, and a heat treatment are used.

[0009] Furthermore, the low-carbon products obtained in S3 are three types of products: biocarbon, a composite material of plant fiber material and fully degradable material, and fully degradable bio-based material.

[0010] Furthermore, the reforming activation treatment device used in the reforming activation work includes an apparatus frame, a work chamber, a transport roller passage, a steam generator, an atomizing head, a spray head, an electric heating device, a reflux fan, a chemical tank, a spray pump, and a driving circuit, the apparatus frame has a frame structure with a rectangular cross section and an axis parallel to a horizontal plane, the work chamber and the transport roller passage are both fitted into the apparatus frame and parallel to the axis of the apparatus frame, the work chamber has a chamber structure with a rectangular cross section, both ends of the transport roller passage are located outside the work chamber, and 50% to 80% of the effective length of the transport roller passage is fitted into the work chamber, and the transport roller passage and the work chamber are The distance between the bottom of the chamber and the working chamber is 10 mm or more; the atomizing head is a plurality of heads, fitted into the working chamber and connected to the bottom of the working chamber, and located below the conveying roller passage; the axis of each head and the lower end surface of the conveying roller passage form an angle of 30° to 90°; the atomizing heads are connected in parallel and communicate with a steam generating device; the spray heads and electric heating devices are a plurality of heads, fitted into the working chamber and connected at the top of the working chamber, the axes of the spray heads and electric heating devices intersect with the upper end surface of the conveying roller passage and form an angle of 30° to 90°; the spray heads are connected in parallel and each via tubing to the spray pump The working chamber is connected to the reflux fan through a conduit, and the spray pump is further connected to a chemical tank through a conduit. The upper end surface of the working chamber is provided with a reflux port, which is connected to a reflux fan through a conduit, and the reflux fan is further connected to a steam generator. The steam generator, reflux fan, chemical tank, spray pump and driving circuit are all connected to the outer surface of the device frame, and the driving circuit is further electrically connected to the transport roller passage, steam generator, electric heating device, reflux fan, chemical tank and spray pump.

[0011] Furthermore, the electric heating device is either an electric heating wire or a far-infrared radiation heating device, and each electric heating device is connected in parallel with each other and distributed at intervals from the spray head.

[0012] Furthermore, the transport roller passage is slidably connected to both the device frame and the inner surface of the working chamber via a lifting drive mechanism, the axis of the lifting drive mechanism and the axis of the device frame are vertically distributed, the lifting drive mechanism is electrically connected to a drive circuit, and the lifting drive mechanism is one of a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder, an electric telescopic lever, and a gear rack mechanism.

[0013] Furthermore, in the biocarbon production method, the activated plant fiber obtained in step S2 is first heated to 120°C to 500°C in an oxygen-blocking environment, continued to be heated for 20 to 60 minutes, and then molded in a screw extruder to obtain a biocarbon product, and the particle size of the modified activated plant fiber obtained in step S2 is all 500 mesh or larger.

[0014] Furthermore, in the manufacturing method of the composite material of plant fiber and fully degradable material, the activated plant fiber obtained in step S2 is first blended with the fully degradable material, and then the blended material is added to a screw extrusion granulator for extrusion. During the extrusion process, multiple side feed devices are installed in the screw extrusion granulator, and auxiliary materials are added to the blended material of activated plant fiber and fully degradable material through the side feed devices, and extrusion molding is performed using the screw extrusion granulator to obtain composite material particles of plant fiber and fully degradable material.

[0015] Furthermore, in the method for producing fully degradable bio-based materials, the activated plant fiber obtained in step S2 is first added to a fermentation reactor to undergo biological fermentation, the fermented product is then separated and purified, and finally the purified product is extruded and granulated using a screw extrusion granulator to obtain fully degradable bio-based materials, and the particle size of the activated plant fiber obtained in step S2 is 1000 mesh or more. [Effects of the Invention]

[0016] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0017] (1) Introduce high-performance, high-yield plants to infertile, contaminated land such as desertified land and alkalized land, improve the soil environment, achieve high-efficiency carbon fixation in plants, produce high-performance plant fiber, and effectively increase the productivity and land value of infertile, contaminated land such as desertified land and alkalized land. This also helps improve the soil quality of infertile, contaminated land such as desertified land and alkalized land.

[0018] (2) The performance and quality of composite materials made from plant fibers and fully degradable materials meet relevant Chinese standards. The addition of long fibers further improves the mechanical and tensile properties of the materials. Fully degradable bio-based materials and biocarbons are produced from biomass resources, achieving energy savings, reduced consumption, cost reductions, and improved efficiency compared to traditional fossil energy production process routes.

[0019] (3) Composite products made of plant fibers and fully degradable materials replace part of the fully degradable materials with low-cost plant fibers, significantly reducing raw material costs and demonstrating a significant reduction in production costs compared with fully degradable products sold on the market. Fully degradable bio-based materials and bio-carbon products use lower-cost, superior-performance plant fibers as raw materials, effectively reducing production costs.

[0020] (4) The biomass resources used in the production process of this project can realize industrial "low carbon" and produce "negative carbon" products, helping the country achieve its "double carbon" goal.

[0021] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0022] [Figure 1] 1 is a flowchart of the method of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a modification activation treatment device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0023] In order to realize the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0024] As shown in FIG. 1, a method for producing low-carbon and negative-carbon products using agricultural and forestry waste as raw materials, S1 step of ecological cultivation modification, which first selects land to be improved, and then cultivates and cultivates carbon fixation economic plants that can produce high-performance and high-yield plant fiber strains on the selected land; S2 step of fiber conversion, in which the economic plants grown in S1 step are periodically harvested and collected, the collected plant raw materials are crushed and sieved, and the plant fiber waste obtained through sieving is subjected to a modification and activation process to obtain activated plant fiber; and step S3 for producing a finished product, in which the activated plant fiber raw material obtained in step S2 is subjected to finishing processing to obtain a low-carbon product.

[0025] In this embodiment, in step S1, the land to be improved is desertified land, saline-alkali land, or heavy metal-contaminated land, and the high-performance, high-yield plant fiber strains are jointly cultivated with one or more of eucalyptus, poplar, ramie, jute, blue hemp, hemp, flax, rough hemp, red hemp, kenaf, Chinese zelkova, and ryegrass.

[0026] In the step S2, the modification and activation process may be carried out by using one or a combination of acid treatment, alkali treatment, and heat treatment.

[0027] As shown in FIG. 2, the reforming activation treatment device used in the reforming activation operation further includes an apparatus frame 1, a working chamber 2, a transport roller passage 3, a steam generator 4, an atomizing head 5, a spray head 6, an electric heating device 7, a reflux fan 8, a chemical tank 9, a spray pump 10, and a drive circuit 11. The apparatus frame 1 has a frame structure with a rectangular cross section and an axis parallel to a horizontal plane. The working chamber 2 and the transport roller passage 3 are both fitted into the apparatus frame 1 and are parallel to the axis of the apparatus frame 1. The working chamber 2 has a chamber structure with a rectangular cross section. Both ends of the transport roller passage 3 are located outside the working chamber 2, and 50% to 80% of the effective length of the transport roller passage 3 is fitted into the working chamber 2. The distance between the roller passage 3 and the bottom of the working chamber 2 is not less than 10 mm; the atomizing heads 5 are plural, fitted into the working chamber 2 and connected to the bottom of the working chamber 2, and located below the transporting roller passage 3; the axis of each atomizing head 5 and the lower end surface of the transporting roller passage 3 form an angle of 30° to 90°; the atomizing heads 5 are connected in parallel and communicate with the steam generating device 4; the spray heads 6 and the electric heating device 7 are plural, fitted into the working chamber 2 and connected at the top of the working chamber 2; the axes of the spray heads 6 and the electric heating device 7 intersect with the upper end surface of the transporting roller passage 3 and form an angle of 30° to 90°; the spray heads 6 are connected in parallel and respectively serve as guiding heads. via a pipe to the spray pump 10 The working chamber 2 is connected to the reflux fan 8 through a conduit, and the spray pump 10 is further connected to the chemical tank 9 through a conduit. A single reflux port 12 is provided on the upper end surface of the working chamber 2. The reflux port 12 is connected to the reflux fan 8 through a conduit, and the reflux fan 8 is further connected to the steam generator 4. The steam generator 4, reflux fan 8, chemical tank 9, spray pump 10 and drive circuit 11 are all connected to the outer surface of the device frame 1, and the drive circuit 11 is further electrically connected to the transport roller passage 3, steam generator 4, electric heating device 7, reflux fan 8, chemical tank 9 and spray pump 10.

[0028] More preferably, the electric heating device 7 is either an electric heating wire or a far-infrared radiation heating device, and the electric heating devices 7 are connected in parallel with each other and distributed at intervals from the spray heads 6 .

[0029] In addition, the transport roller passage 3 is slidably connected to both the inner surfaces of the device frame 1 and the working chamber 2 via a lifting drive mechanism 13, the axis of which and the axis of the device frame 1 are vertically distributed, and the lifting drive mechanism 13 is electrically connected to a drive circuit 11, and the lifting drive mechanism 13 is any one of a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder, an electric telescopic lever, and a gear rack mechanism.

[0030] In this example, the low-carbon products obtained in S3 are three types of products: biocarbon, a composite material of plant fiber material and fully degradable material, and fully degradable bio-based material.

[0031] Furthermore, in the biocarbon production method, the activated plant fiber obtained in step S2 is first heated to 120°C to 500°C in an oxygen-blocking environment, continued to be heated for 20 to 60 minutes, and then molded in a screw extruder to obtain a biocarbon product, and the particle size of the modified activated plant fiber obtained in step S2 is all 500 mesh or larger.

[0032] When heating in an oxygen-free environment, the heat source is either superheated steam or high-temperature nitrogen gas. Furthermore, in the case of the composite material of plant fiber and fully degradable material, the activated plant fiber and fully degradable material obtained in step S2 are first blended, and then the blended material is added to a screw extrusion granulator for extrusion. During the extrusion process, the screw extrusion granulator is equipped with multiple side feed devices, and auxiliary materials are added to the blended material of activated plant fiber and fully degradable material through the side feed devices, and extrusion molding is performed using the screw extrusion granulator to obtain composite material particles of plant fiber and fully degradable material.

[0033] Furthermore, in the method for producing a completely degradable bio-based material, the activated plant fiber obtained in step S2 is first added to a fermentation reactor to carry out biological fermentation at a fermentation temperature of 25°C to 50°C, the fermented product is separated and purified, and finally the purified product is extruded and granulated using a screw extruder to obtain a completely degradable bio-based material, and the particle size of the activated plant fiber obtained in step S2 is 1000 mesh or more. The fully degradable material used is any one of PLA (polylactic acid), PHA (polyhydroxyalkanoate), PBAT (polybutylene adipate / terephthalate), and PCL (polycaprolactone). The present invention has the following advantages.

[0034] (1) Introduce high-performance, high-yield plants to infertile, contaminated land such as desertified land and alkalized land, improve the soil environment, achieve high-efficiency carbon fixation in plants, produce high-performance plant fiber, and effectively increase the productivity and land value of infertile, contaminated land such as desertified land and alkalized land. This also helps improve the soil quality of infertile, contaminated land such as desertified land and alkalized land.

[0035] (2) The performance and quality of composite materials made from plant fibers and fully degradable materials meet relevant Chinese standards. The addition of long fibers further improves the mechanical and tensile properties of the materials. Fully degradable bio-based materials and biocarbons are produced from biomass resources, achieving energy savings, reduced consumption, cost reductions, and improved efficiency compared to traditional fossil energy production process routes.

[0036] (3) Composite products made of plant fiber and fully degradable materials can partially replace fully degradable materials with low-cost plant fiber, significantly reducing raw material costs and demonstrating a significant reduction in production costs compared with fully degradable products on the market. Fully degradable bio-based materials and bio-carbon products can effectively reduce production costs by using lower-cost, high-performance plant fiber as raw materials. (4) The biomass resources used in the production process of this project can realize industrial "low carbon" and produce "negative carbon" products, helping the country achieve its "double carbon" goal.

[0037] The above has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and that the above-described embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. The present invention also allows for various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such modifications and improvements are within the scope of the present invention that is sought to be protected. The scope of protection provided by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for producing low-carbon, negative-carbon products using agricultural and forestry waste as raw materials, An S1 step of carrying out ecological cultivation and modification includes cultivating and raising at least one carbon-fixing economic plant, which is a plant fiber strain selected from the group consisting of eucalyptus, poplar, ramie, jute, blue hemp, hemp, hemp, flax, rough hemp, red hemp, kenaf, Chinese lantern grass, and ryegrass, on land selected from desertified land, alkalized land, and heavy metal-contaminated land as land to be improved; an S2 step of fiberization modification, in which the carbon-fixing economic plants grown in the S1 step are recovered, the recovered carbon-fixing economic plants are crushed and sieved, and the resulting plant fiber waste is subjected to at least one modification activation process selected from the group consisting of acid treatment, alkali treatment, and heat treatment to obtain activated plant fiber; In step S3 of producing a finished product, the activated plant fiber obtained in step S2 is finished and processed; Heating the activated plant fiber to 120°C to 500°C in an oxygen-free environment and extruding it to obtain a biocarbon product; or and S3 step of obtaining a low-carbon product by any one of the steps of blending the activated plant fiber with at least one fully degradable material selected from the group consisting of polylactic acid (PLA), polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT) and polycaprolactone (PCL), and extruding the blend to obtain a composite material of the plant fiber and the fully degradable material; A method for producing low-carbon, negative-carbon products using agricultural and forestry waste as raw materials, characterized in that by carrying out steps S1, S2, and S3, the soil quality of the selected land is improved and the low-carbon product is obtained.

2. The modification activation treatment device used in step S2 includes an apparatus frame, a working chamber, a conveying roller passage, a steam generator, an atomizing head, a spray head, an electric heating device, a reflux fan, a chemical tank, a spray pump, and a driving circuit; The device frame has a rectangular cross section and an axis extending parallel to a horizontal plane; the working chamber and the transport roller passage are both fitted into the device frame and distributed parallel to the axis of the device frame, the working chamber has a chamber structure with a rectangular cross section, both ends of the transport roller passage are located outside the working chamber, and 50% to 80% of the effective length of the transport roller passage is fitted into the working chamber, and the distance between the transport roller passage and the bottom of the working chamber is 10 mm or more; The atomizing heads are provided in a plurality of types, and are fitted into the working chamber and connected to the bottom of the working chamber, and are located below the transport roller passage. The axis of each atomizing head and the lower end surface of the transport roller passage form an angle of 30° to 90°. The atomizing heads are connected in parallel and communicate with the steam generating device. The spray heads and the electric heating devices are each provided in a plurality, and are fitted into the working chamber and connected at the top of the working chamber. The axes of the spray heads and the electric heating devices intersect with the upper end surface of the transport roller passage and form an included angle of 30° to 90°. The spray heads are connected in parallel and each communicates with the spray pump via a guide pipe, and the spray pump further communicates with the chemical tank via a guide pipe. a reflux port provided on the upper end surface of the working chamber, the reflux port communicating with the reflux fan through a guide pipe, and the reflux fan further communicating with the steam generating device; the steam generator, the reflux fan, the chemical tank, the spray pump, and the drive circuit are all connected to the outer surface of the device frame; The method for producing low-carbon and negative-carbon products using agricultural and forestry waste as raw materials, as described in claim 1, characterized in that the drive circuit is further electrically connected to the transport roller passage, the steam generator, the electric heating device, the reflux fan, the chemical tank, and the spray pump.

3. The method for producing low-carbon and negative-carbon products using agricultural and forestry waste as raw materials, as described in claim 2, characterized in that the electric heating device is either an electric heating wire or a far-infrared radiation heating device, and each electric heating device is connected in parallel to each other and distributed at intervals from the spray head.

4. 3. The method for producing low-carbon and negative-carbon products using agricultural and forestry waste as raw materials according to claim 2, characterized in that the transport roller passage is slidably connected to both the equipment frame and the inner surface of the working chamber via a lifting drive mechanism, the axis of the lifting drive mechanism and the axis of the equipment frame are vertically distributed, the lifting drive mechanism is electrically connected to the drive circuit, and the lifting drive mechanism is one of a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder, an electric telescopic lever and a gear rack mechanism.

5. A method for producing low-carbon, negative-carbon products using agricultural and forestry waste as raw materials, as described in claim 1, characterized in that in step S3, when a process of extrusion molding to obtain a composite material of the plant fiber and the fully degradable material is performed, multiple side feed devices are provided in a screw extrusion granulator, auxiliary materials are added to the blended material of the activated plant fiber and the fully degradable material by the side feed devices, and the composite material is extruded by the screw extrusion granulator.

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