salient pole rotating motor

Abstract

To provide a salient pole type rotary electric machine in which the cooling efficiency of a rotor can be improved.SOLUTION: A salient pole type rotary electric machine includes: a casing; a stator housed in the casing; a shaft that is surrounded by the stator and is rotatable about a rotation axis; and a rotor including a plurality of salient poles extending between the stator and the shaft in a radial direction of the rotation axis, a plurality of winding wires wound around the salient poles, a bracket that is positioned between adjacent two winding wires in the circumferential direction about the rotation axis and that supports the adjacent two of the winding wires, and two insulation plates positioned in the circumferential direction between the bracket and the two of the winding wires, the rotor being mounted on the shaft. In each of the two insulation plates, grooves that are open at both ends of the insulation plate are formed. The grooves are inclined with respect to the radial direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a salient-pole rotating electric machine. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, salient-pole rotating electric machines with salient-pole rotors are known. Windings are wound around the salient poles of the rotor. The windings are held to the salient poles by brackets. When a current flows through the windings, they generate magnetic force and heat. The windings can be cooled, for example, by airflow generated inside the salient-pole rotating electric machine as the rotor rotates, or by an internal fan attached to the shaft. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2017-85829 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] Air flows along the surfaces of the salient poles and windings to cool them. However, ventilation separation is likely to occur on the back side of the salient poles in the direction of rotation. Furthermore, the brackets can obstruct the axial airflow, reducing the rotor's cooling efficiency.

[0005] One example of a problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a salient-pole rotating electric machine capable of improving the cooling efficiency of the rotor. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] A salient-pole rotating electric machine according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises a rotor attached to the shaft, the rotor having a housing, a stator housed in the housing, a shaft surrounded by the stator and rotatable around a rotation axis, a plurality of salient poles extending radially of the rotation axis between the stator and the shaft, a plurality of windings wound around the plurality of salient poles, a bracket positioned between two adjacent ones of the plurality of windings in a circumferential direction around the rotation axis and supporting those two of the plurality of windings, and two insulating plates positioned between the bracket and the two of the plurality of windings in the circumferential direction, wherein each of the two insulating plates has a groove opening to both ends of the insulating plate in the radial direction, and the grooves are inclined with respect to the radial direction. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] According to the salient-pole rotating electric machine of the present invention, the cooling efficiency of the rotor can be improved. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a salient-pole rotating electric machine according to this embodiment. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the rotor of this embodiment. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion of the rotor of this embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a plan view of the bracket and insulating plate of this embodiment. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a plan view of the insulating plate of this embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] The salient-pole rotating electric machine 1 according to this embodiment will be described below with reference to the drawings. The configuration of the embodiment described below, as well as the actions and results (effects) brought about by this configuration, are merely examples and are not limited to the following description. Note that in this specification, ordinal numbers are used only to distinguish between parts and components, and do not indicate order or priority.

[0010] <Embodiment> 1 is a cross-sectional view of a salient-pole rotating electric machine 1 according to this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the salient-pole rotating electric machine 1 includes a housing 2, a stator 3, a shaft 4, a rotor 5, and two bearings 6.

[0011] In the following drawings, for convenience, three mutually orthogonal directions are defined. The X direction is a direction along the longitudinal direction of the housing 2 and may also be referred to as the front-to-rear direction. The Y direction is a direction along the lateral direction of the housing 2 and may also be referred to as the left-to-right direction. The Z direction is a direction along the vertical direction of the housing 2 and may also be referred to as the up-to-down direction. Note that the expressions indicating directions such as front-to-rear, left-to-right, up-to-down, etc. in this embodiment are names for convenience and do not limit the position, posture, or usage mode of the salient-pole rotating electric machine 1.

[0012] The salient-pole rotating electric machine 1 of this embodiment is, for example, a totally enclosed rotating electric machine. Therefore, a closed space that is separated from the outside of the housing 2 is provided inside the housing 2. However, the salient-pole rotating electric machine 1 is not limited to this example. For example, the salient-pole rotating electric machine 1 may be an open-type rotating electric machine.

[0013] The housing 2 is formed in a box shape from metal or the like. The housing 2 houses a stator 3 and a rotor 5. Openings 21 that open in the X direction are provided at both ends of the housing 2 in the front-rear direction (X direction).

[0014] The stator 3 has a stator core 31 and a stator winding 32. The stator core 31 is fixed to the housing 2. The stator core 31 is located radially outside the rotor 5 and is formed in a cylindrical shape surrounding the rotor 5. The stator winding 32 is fixed to the stator core 31, passing through a plurality of slots (not shown) formed in an inner peripheral portion 31a of the stator core 31 so as to extend in the axial direction.

[0015] The shaft 4 is partially surrounded by the stator 3. The shaft 4 is supported by the housing 2 via two bearings 6 so as to be rotatable around a rotation axis Ax. In other words, the two bearings 6 support the shaft 4 so as to be rotatable relative to the housing 2. The rotation axis Ax is, for example, the central axis (center line) of the shaft 4. Note that the rotation axis Ax may be different from the central axis of the shaft 4.

[0016] In the following description, for convenience, the axial direction, radial direction, and circumferential direction of the rotation axis Ax are defined. The axial direction is the direction along the rotation axis Ax. The radial direction is the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis Ax. The circumferential direction is the direction around the rotation axis Ax. In the following description, unless otherwise specified, the axial direction, radial direction, and circumferential direction are the axial direction, radial direction, and circumferential direction of the rotation axis Ax.

[0017] The shaft 4 extends in the axial direction along the rotation axis Ax so as to pass through the opening 21 of the housing 2. The portion of the shaft 4 between both axial ends 4a, 4b is housed in the housing 2. On the other hand, both axial ends 4a, 4b of the shaft 4 protrude from the housing 2 to the outside.

[0018] One end 4a is connected to various connection targets, for example. An outer fan is fixed to the other end 4b. The outer fan is covered with an outer fan cover, for example, and rotates integrally with the shaft 4.

[0019] An internal fan 41 is fixed to the shaft 4 between each of the two bearings 6 and the rotor 5. The internal fan 41 rotates integrally with the shaft 4, generating an airflow that flows in the axial direction, circulating cooling gas in the closed space. In FIG. 1, the internal fan 41 generates an airflow that flows, for example, from right to left on the page, to cool the rotor 5 and the stator 3. In the following description, unless otherwise specified, the direction of the airflow generated inside the housing 2 by the internal fan 41 will be described as the above-mentioned direction.

[0020] Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a rotor 5 according to this embodiment. As shown in Fig. 2, the rotor 5 has a rotor core 51, a plurality of rotor windings 52, a plurality of pole heads 53, a plurality of insulating layers 54, a plurality of brackets 55, and a plurality of insulating plates 56. The rotor windings 52 are an example of a winding.

[0021] As shown in Fig. 1, rotor core 51 is attached to a portion of shaft 4 between both axial ends 4a, 4b. Therefore, rotor core 51 is housed in housing 2 and rotates integrally with shaft 4. In the following description, unless otherwise specified, the rotation direction of rotor 5 in Fig. 2 will be described as clockwise.

[0022] The two bearings 6 are provided in the opening 21 of the housing 2. That is, the rotor core 51 is located axially between the two bearings 6. The two bearings 6 are, for example, plain bearings.

[0023] As shown in FIG. 2 , the rotor core 51 has a central portion 510 and a plurality of salient poles 511. The central portion 510 is attached to the shaft 4. The salient poles 511 protrude radially outward from the central portion 510 toward an inner circumferential portion 31a of the stator core 31. In other words, the salient poles 511 extend in the radial direction of the rotation axis Ax between the stator 3 and the shaft 4. The inner circumferential portion 31a is, for example, the inner circumferential surface of the stator core 31 or a radially inner end portion of the stator core 31.

[0024] The rotor winding 52 is wound around the side surface 511a of the salient pole 511 of the rotor core 51. In other words, the rotor winding 52 surrounds the salient pole 511. The side surface 511a is the outer surface of the salient pole 511 facing in a direction (e.g., the axial direction and the circumferential direction) intersecting the direction in which the salient pole 511 extends.

[0025] Each pole head 53 is attached to the end of the corresponding salient pole 511 on the radially outer side of the rotation axis Ax. Each pole head 53 protrudes in the axial and circumferential directions from the side surface 511a of the salient pole 511. As a result, each pole head 53 presses the rotor winding 52 from the radially outer side. Therefore, the pole head 53 is located between the salient pole 511 and the inner circumferential portion 31a of the stator core 31 in the radial direction.

[0026] The pole head 53 has an end face 53a and a bottom face 53b. The end face 53a is an arc-shaped curved surface that faces radially outward and extends approximately in the circumferential direction. The radius of the end face 53a is shorter than the radius of the inner circumferential portion 31a of the stator core 31. Therefore, the end face 53a is spaced from the inner circumferential portion 31a, and a gap 18 through which airflow can pass is formed between the end face 53a and the inner circumferential portion 31a. The center of the end face 53a may be different from the center of the inner circumferential portion 31a of the stator core 31. The bottom face 53b is located on the opposite side of the end face 53a and faces the salient pole 511.

[0027] The insulating layer 54 is a layer formed of, for example, a synthetic resin, etc. The insulating layer 54 has a portion extending radially between the salient pole 511 and the rotor winding 52, and a portion extending approximately circumferentially between the rotor winding 52 and the pole head 53. In other words, the insulating layer 54 has an L-shaped cross section.

[0028] The bracket 55 is a component made of a metal such as aluminum. The bracket 55 is located between two salient poles 511 that are adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction, and is fixed to the rotor core 51 by a bolt A that passes through the bracket 55. In this embodiment, at least two of the multiple brackets 55 are arranged side by side with a gap in the axial direction.

[0029] Each bracket 55 fixes the rotor winding 52 and the insulating plate 56 in the circumferential direction to the salient pole 511. In other words, each bracket 55 supports two rotor windings 52 and insulating plates 56 that are adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction.

[0030] Fig. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion of the rotor 5 according to this embodiment. As shown in Fig. 3, at least one barrier 551 is provided on each bracket 55. The barrier 551 is formed integrally with the bracket 55 and protrudes from at least one of both end portions 55a of the bracket 55 in the circumferential direction toward the inner circumferential portion 31a of the stator 3.

[0031] The barrier wall 551 extends, for example, in a direction along the side surface 511a of the salient pole 511. As shown in Fig. 2, a tip 551a of the barrier wall 551 on the radially outer side is positioned between the stator 3 and the rotor 5 in the radial direction.

[0032] In this embodiment, the tip 551a of the barrier 551 is located between the end face 53a of the pole head 53 and a top portion 53a1 of the end face 53a that is the farthest from the rotation axis Ax. Therefore, the barrier 551 is located away from the inner circumferential portion 31a of the stator core 31. The length of the barrier 551 may be changed as appropriate as long as the tip 551a is located between the end face 53a of the pole head 53 and the top portion 53a1.

[0033] The insulating plates 56 are plates made of synthetic resin such as epoxy resin. The insulating plates 56 have the same shape. However, the insulating plates 56 may have different shapes.

[0034] Fig. 4 is a plan view of bracket 55 and insulating plate 56 of this embodiment. As shown in Fig. 4, each insulating plate 56 is positioned between rotor winding 52 and bracket 55 in a state where it is inverted in the circumferential direction. In Fig. 4, the direction of flow of axial cooling gas is from the top to the bottom of the page, and the direction of rotation is from the left to the right of the page.

[0035] The width of insulating plate 56 in the axial direction is slightly larger than the width of bracket 55 in the axial direction. The length of insulating plate 56 in the radial direction is slightly longer than the creepage distance of rotor winding 52 wound around salient pole 511. In this way, insulating plate 56 prevents electrical conduction between rotor winding 52 and bracket 55.

[0036] Fig. 5 is a plan view of an insulating plate 56 according to this embodiment. As shown in Fig. 5, the insulating plate 56 is provided with a plurality of recesses 561 and a plurality of grooves 562. Furthermore, the insulating plate 56 has an engaging portion 563.

[0037] The plurality of recesses 561 are recessed from an end 56b on the inside in the radial direction of the insulating plate 56 toward an end 56a on the outside in the radial direction of the insulating plate 56. Furthermore, the recesses 561 are provided on the surface of the insulating plate 56 that comes into contact with the rotor winding 52. Each recess 561 is a portion that comes into contact with a bolt A when the insulating plate 56 is placed between the rotor winding 52 and the bracket 55. In other words, each recess 561 is a portion that fits with a bolt A when the insulating plate 56 is placed between the rotor winding 52 and the bracket 55.

[0038] An end 562a of the groove 562 on the radially outer side opens to an end 56a of the insulating plate 56. An end 562b of the groove 562 on the radially inner side opens to an end 56b of the insulating plate 56. That is, each of the multiple grooves 562 opens to both ends 56a, 56b of the insulating plate 56 in the radial direction. Each of the multiple grooves 562 is inclined with respect to the radial direction.

[0039] As shown in Figure 4, in insulating plate 56 (insulating plate 56 on the right side in Figure 4) that contacts the portion of rotor winding 52 that is the rear surface of salient pole 511 in the rotation direction of rotor 5, the inclination direction of multiple grooves 562 is configured so that end 562a is located on the upwind side in the direction of flow of axial cooling gas, and end 562b or the opening on end 56c described below is located on the downwind side.

[0040] Furthermore, in insulating plate 56 (insulating plate 56 on the left side in FIG. 4) that contacts the portion of rotor winding 52 that is the front portion of salient pole 511 in the rotation direction of rotor 5, the inclination direction of multiple grooves 562 is configured so that end 562b or the opening on end 56c (described later) is located on the upwind side in the direction of axial cooling gas flow, and end 562a is located on the downwind side. This makes it possible to promote the flow of cooling gas in the axial direction by the rotation of rotor 5.

[0041] 3, an end 562b of the groove 562 provided in one insulating plate 56 communicates with an end 562b of the groove 562 provided in the other insulating plate 56 via a space S formed between the side surfaces 511a of two adjacent salient poles 511 and between the end surface 52a of the rotor winding 52 on the radially inner side and the central portion 510. Note that, as shown in FIG. 5, the end 562b of at least one of the plurality of grooves 562 opens to one end 56c of the insulating plate 56 in the axial direction.

[0042] 3, each groove 562 is recessed from a surface 56d of the insulating plate 56 facing the rotor winding 52. This allows the airflow passing through the grooves 562 to directly cool the rotor winding 52.

[0043] In this embodiment, the insulating plate 56 is provided with a plurality of grooves 562 that are inclined relative to the radial direction, but this is not limiting. For example, the width, shape, number, etc. of the grooves 562 may be changed as appropriate within an allowable range in terms of the strength of the insulating plate 56.

[0044] The engaging portion 563 is a portion recessed in the thickness direction of the insulating plate 56. The engaging portion 563 engages with the insulating layer 54. This prevents the insulating plate 56 from being scattered radially outward due to the centrifugal force generated when the rotor 5 rotates.

[0045] When the salient-pole rotating electric machine 1 is operated, the rotor 5 and the internal fan 41 attached to the shaft 4 rotate in conjunction with the rotation of the shaft 4. The rotation of the internal fan 41 generates an airflow that flows in the axial direction in the closed space of the housing 2. Furthermore, the rotation of the rotor 5 causes an airflow to flow along the surface of the rotor 5.

[0046] The airflow flowing along the surface of the rotor 5 flows toward the opposite side of the rotation direction (back side), for example, along the end face 53a of the pole head 53. The airflow flowing along the surface of the rotor 5 passes through the pole head 53 and then collides with the barrier 551.

[0047] The airflow that collides with barrier wall 551 is guided by barrier wall 551 and flows into end 562a of groove 562 of one insulating plate 56. The airflow passes through groove 562 of one insulating plate 56 while cooling rotor winding 52. The airflow that has passed through groove 562 of one insulating plate 56 flows through space S into end 562b of groove 562 of the other insulating plate 56.

[0048] The airflow passes through the groove 562 of the other insulating plate 56 while cooling the rotor winding 52 wound around the other salient pole 511. The airflow that has passed through the groove 562 of the other insulating plate 56 flows along the end face 53a of the other pole head 53. Thereafter, the airflow cools the entire rotor 5 in a similar manner.

[0049] On the other hand, the airflow flowing in the axial direction flows, for example, along the surface of the shaft 4, through the outer surface of the bracket 55 and the space S. At least one end 562b of the multiple grooves 562 opens to one end 56c in the axial direction. Furthermore, as described above, the grooves 562 are inclined with respect to the radial direction. Therefore, the airflow flowing in the axial direction passes through the grooves 562 of the insulating plate 56 while cooling the rotor winding 52, and is guided to the end face 53a of the pole head 53. This allows the grooves 562 to guide the cooling gas circulated by the internal fan 41 to the surface of the rotor 5.

[0050] Because the grooves 562 are inclined with respect to the radial direction, the cooling gas that passes through the grooves 562 is sent substantially in the axial direction. Therefore, even if the airflow flowing in the axial direction collides with the bracket 55, the insulating plate 56 can send the airflow in the axial direction.

[0051] In the salient-pole rotating electric machine 1 of this embodiment, the barrier 551 is provided at both circumferential ends 55a of the bracket 55. However, it is sufficient that the barrier 551 is provided at least on the inflow side of the airflow in the circumferential direction.

[0052] As described above, the salient-pole rotating electric machine 1 of this embodiment includes the housing 2, the stator 3, the shaft 4, and the rotor 5. The stator 3 is accommodated in the housing 2. The shaft 4 is surrounded by the stator 3 and is rotatable around the rotation axis Ax. The rotor 5 is attached to the shaft 4 and includes a plurality of salient poles 511, a plurality of rotor windings 52, a bracket 55, and two insulating plates 56. The salient poles 511 extend in the radial direction of the rotation axis Ax between the stator 3 and the shaft 4. The rotor windings 52 are wound around the salient poles 511. The bracket 55 is located between two of the rotor windings 52 that are adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction around the rotation axis Ax and supports the two rotor windings 52. The two insulating plates 56 are located between the bracket 55 and two of the rotor windings 52 in the circumferential direction. Each of the two insulating plates 56 is provided with a groove 562 that opens to both radial ends 56a, 56b of the insulating plate 56. The groove 562 is inclined relative to the radial direction.

[0053] When the rotor 5 starts to rotate, an airflow is generated that flows over the surface of the rotor 5 in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation. Furthermore, an airflow is generated in the axial direction from the internal fan 41 attached to the shaft 4. An insulating plate 56 located between the bracket 55 and the rotor winding 52 in the circumferential direction has grooves 562 that are inclined relative to the radial direction. Therefore, the airflow generated by the rotation of the rotor 5 and the airflow generated from the internal fan 41 pass through the grooves 562 and flow over the surface of the rotor 5 while being sent in the axial direction.

[0054] As a result, the insulating plate 56 guides the airflow generated by the internal fan 41 and the airflow generated by the rotation of the rotor 5 to the rotor winding 52. Therefore, in the salient-pole rotating electric machine 1 of this embodiment, the cooling efficiency of the rotor 5 can be improved.

[0055] Moreover, the salient-pole rotating electric machine 1 of this embodiment further includes a barrier 551 that protrudes toward the stator 3 from at least one of both end portions 55a of the bracket 55 in the circumferential direction. A tip 551a of the barrier 551 is located between the stator 3 and the rotor 5 in the radial direction. As a result, airflow generated by the rotation of the rotor 5 collides with the barrier 551 and is guided into the groove 562. Therefore, the salient-pole rotating electric machine 1 can further improve the cooling efficiency of the rotor 5.

[0056] In the present embodiment, the radially inner end 562b of the groove 562 opens to the radially inner end 56b of the insulating plate 56 and also opens to one end 56c of the insulating plate 56 in the axial direction along the rotation axis Ax. This allows the groove 562 to easily send the airflow flowing in the axial direction.

[0057] In this embodiment, the two insulating plates 56 have the same shape, which allows the salient-pole rotating electric machine 1 to reduce costs.

[0058] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above embodiments are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The above embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, substitutions, combinations, and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. Furthermore, the specifications of each configuration, shape, and the like (structure, type, direction, format, size, length, width, thickness, height, number, arrangement, position, material, etc.) can be modified as appropriate. [Explanation of symbols]

[0059] 1...salient pole rotating electric motor, 2...casing, 3...stator, 4...shaft, 5...rotor, 51...rotor core, 511...salient pole, 52...rotor winding (winding), 55...bracket, 55a...end, 551...barrier, 551a...tip, 56...insulating plate, 56a...radially outer end, 56b...radially inner end, 56c...one end in the axial direction, 562...groove, 562b...radially inner end of groove, Ax...rotating axis.

Claims

1. The housing and a stator housed in the housing; a shaft surrounded by the stator and rotatable about a rotation axis; a rotor attached to the shaft, the rotor including: a plurality of salient poles extending in a radial direction of the rotating shaft between the stator and the shaft; a plurality of windings wound around the plurality of salient poles; a bracket positioned between two adjacent ones of the plurality of windings in a circumferential direction around the rotating shaft and supporting the two windings; and two insulating plates positioned between the bracket and the two windings in the circumferential direction; Equipped with each of the two insulating plates is provided with a groove that opens to both ends of the insulating plate in the radial direction; The groove is inclined with respect to the radial direction. Salient pole rotating electric machine.

2. a barrier protruding from at least one of both end portions of the bracket in the circumferential direction toward the stator; Furthermore, a tip of the barrier wall is located between the stator and the rotor in the radial direction; 2. A salient pole rotating electric machine according to claim 1.

3. an end of the groove on the inner side in the radial direction opens to an end of the insulating plate on the inner side in the radial direction and also opens to one end of the insulating plate in the axial direction along the rotation shaft; 3. A salient-pole rotating electric machine according to claim 1 or 2.

4. The two insulating plates have the same shape.

3. A salient-pole rotating electric machine according to claim 1 or 2.

5. The housing and a stator housed in the housing; a shaft surrounded by the stator and rotatable about a rotation axis; a rotor attached to the shaft, the rotor including: a plurality of salient poles extending in a radial direction of the rotating shaft between the stator and the shaft; a plurality of windings wound around the plurality of salient poles; a bracket positioned between two adjacent ones of the plurality of windings in a circumferential direction around the rotating shaft and supporting the two windings; and two insulating plates positioned between the bracket and the two windings in the circumferential direction; a barrier wall extending from at least one of both end portions of the bracket in the circumferential direction toward the stator; Equipped with a tip of the barrier wall is located between the stator and the rotor in the radial direction; Salient pole rotating electric machine.

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