antenna

Abstract

To provide an antenna capable of obtaining stable characteristics regardless of an environment in which an antenna is mounted and capable of coping with a plurality of frequency bands.MEANS FOR SOLVING THE PROBLEM: A ground conductor surface and a radiation conductor surface electrically connected via a connection conductor are arranged substantially parallel to each other. An antenna is configured such that the tip of the radiation conductor surface overlaps the ground conductor surface when the antenna is viewed from the direction perpendicular to the radiation conductor surface in plan view. It is preferable that half or more of the area of the radiation conductor surface overlaps with the ground conductor surface, and that the feeding point when feeding with a coaxial cable does not overlap with the ground conductor surface.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an antenna used in a device having a communication function. [Background technology]

[0002] 2. Description of the Related Art Wireless data communication systems such as wireless LAN, WiMAX (registered trademark), WiFi (registered trademark), and BlueTooth (registered trademark) are adopted in a wide variety of devices, such as information terminal devices.

[0003] In recent years, with the spread of concepts such as IoT (Internet of Things) and CASE (Connected, Autonomous, Shared, Electric), attempts are being made to equip devices that previously did not have communication capabilities with communication capabilities and enable data communication, which has led to an increase in demand for antennas to be installed in these devices.

[0004] One of the issues with antennas installed in devices is that their characteristics change depending on the environment they are installed in. In particular, when an antenna is placed close to a metal conductor, electromagnetic coupling between the antenna and the metal conductor causes a change in the impedance that was previously set for the antenna, significantly affecting communication characteristics.

[0005] Antennas that suppress the effects of proximity to metal conductors have been proposed, including one in which the length of the part of the line connecting the feed point and the ground plate that is connected to the ground plate is set to a predetermined value (Patent Document 1), and one in which metal present around the antenna is connected to the antenna feed point via an impedance control unit (Patent Document 2).

[0006] The above methods can mitigate the effects of nearby metal conductors, but the position and shape of the metal conductors vary depending on the device, so the effectiveness of the mitigation can also depend on the environment in which the antenna is installed.

[0007] In addition, with the expansion of wireless data communication systems, antennas are required to be able to communicate in multiple frequency bands. For example, the above-mentioned WiFi is a standard that uses frequencies in the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands, but in recent years a standard called WiFi 6E has been announced that uses frequencies in the 6-7 GHz band in addition to these frequency bands. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0008] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2020-53809 [Patent Document 2] Patent No. 6651010 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0009] An object of the present invention is to provide an antenna that can obtain stable characteristics regardless of the environment in which the antenna is installed and that can also be used in a plurality of frequency bands. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] After careful consideration of the antenna structure, the inventors discovered that the above-mentioned problems can be solved by arranging the ground conductor surface and the radiating conductor surface approximately parallel to each other and configuring the antenna so that the tip of the radiating conductor surface overlaps with the ground conductor surface when viewed in a planar view from a direction perpendicular to the radiating conductor surface.

[0011] The antenna of the present invention is expected to suppress changes in impedance due to the environment in which it is installed, and to provide stable communication characteristics regardless of the equipment it is installed in, and is also capable of supporting multiple frequency bands. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0012] [Figure 1] 1 shows the basic configuration of the antenna of the present invention. [Figure 2] This is a modified example of the antenna of the present invention, in which the shape of the connecting conductor is modified. [Figure 3] This is a modified example of the antenna of the present invention, in which a first extension element is provided. [Figure 4] 10 is a modified example of the antenna of the present invention, in which the first extension element is modified. [Figure 5] This is a modified example of the antenna of the present invention, in which a second extension element is provided. [Figure 6] 1 shows the VSWR of the antenna of Example 1. [Figure 7] VSWR of the antenna of Example 2. [Figure 8] 10 shows the VSWR of the antenna of Example 3. [Figure 9] 10 shows the VSWR of the antenna of Example 4. [Figure 10] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conductor proximity test. [Figure 11] 1 shows the change in VSWR of the antenna of Example 1 due to a conductor proximity test. [Figure 12] 10 shows the change in VSWR of the antenna of Example 2 due to a conductor proximity test. [Figure 13] 10 shows the change in VSWR of the antenna of Example 3 due to a conductor proximity test. [Figure 14] 1 shows how the gain of the antenna of Example 1 changes during a conductor proximity test. [Figure 15] 10 shows how the gain of the antenna of Example 2 changes during a conductor proximity test. [Figure 16] 10 shows how the gain of the antenna of Example 3 changes during a conductor proximity test. [Figure 17] The antenna of the comparative example corresponds to one frequency band. [Figure 18] This is an antenna for comparison, which is compatible with three frequency bands. [Figure 19] 1 shows the change in VSWR of the antenna of Comparative Example 1 due to a conductor proximity test. [Figure 20]10 shows the change in VSWR of the antenna of Comparative Example 2 due to a conductor proximity test. [Figure 21] 10 shows how the gain of the antenna of Comparative Example 1 changes during a conductor proximity test. [Figure 22] 10 shows how the gain of the antenna of Comparative Example 2 changes during a conductor proximity test. [Figure 23] This is a modified example of the antenna of the present invention, in which a ground side wall surface and a dielectric are provided. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0013] The present invention will now be described with reference to FIG.

[0014] As shown in FIG. 1, the antenna 1 of the present invention is composed of a ground conductor surface 10, a radiation conductor surface 30, and a connection conductor 20 that electrically connects the ground conductor surface 10 and the radiation conductor surface 30.

[0015] A characteristic feature of the present invention is that the radiating conductor surface 30 is arranged approximately parallel to the ground conductor surface 10, and when the antenna 1 is viewed in a plan view from a direction perpendicular to the radiating conductor surface 30 (the Z direction in Figure 1), the tip of the radiating conductor surface 30 overlaps with the ground conductor surface 10.

[0016] The antenna 1 shown in FIG. 1 operates as an inverted-F antenna, and the electric field distribution in an inverted-F antenna is large near the tip of the antenna 1, ie, the tip of the radiation conductor surface 30 (region 33 in FIG. 1).

[0017] The tip of the radiating conductor surface 30 overlaps with the ground conductor surface 10, thereby forming an electromagnetic coupling between the tip of the radiating conductor surface 30 and the ground conductor surface 10. Since an electromagnetic coupling with the ground conductor surface 10 is already formed in the region of the radiating conductor surface 30 where the electric field distribution is large, even if a metal conductor comes close to the antenna 1, a new electromagnetic coupling is unlikely to be formed between the antenna 1 and the metal conductor, and changes in the communication characteristics of the antenna 1 are suppressed. As a result, the antenna 1 exhibits stable communication characteristics.

[0018] From the viewpoint of forming a stable electromagnetic coupling between the ground conductor surface 10 and the radiating conductor surface 30, it is preferable to increase the overlapping area of ​​the ground conductor surface 10 and the radiating conductor surface 30, and it is particularly preferable that half or more of the area of ​​the radiating conductor surface 30 overlaps with the ground conductor surface 10.

[0019] The connecting conductor 20 may be provided so as to extend substantially perpendicular to the ground conductor surface 10 as shown in FIG. 1, but is not limited to this and may be provided in any manner within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention.

[0020] In addition, the shape of the radiation conductor surface 30 is not limited to the substantially linear shape shown in FIG. 1, and any shape can be selected within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention.

[0021] The following describes aspects of the connecting conductor 20, the radiating conductor surface 30, etc. that can be preferably used when the antenna 1 is adapted to multiple frequency bands.

[0022] When the antenna 1 is adapted to multiple frequency bands, as shown in FIG. 2, the ground conductor surface 10, the connecting conductor 20, and the radiating conductor surface 30 are each shaped to have a longitudinal direction and a lateral direction, and the longitudinal direction of the ground conductor surface 10, the longitudinal direction of the connecting conductor 20, and the longitudinal direction of the radiating conductor surface 30 are parallel to each other.

[0023] At this time, the radiating conductor surface 30 and the connecting conductor 20 are electrically connected via a first connection portion 21 provided at one end side of the longitudinal direction of the connecting conductor 20, and the ground conductor surface 10 and the connecting conductor 20 are electrically connected via a second connection portion 22 provided at the other end side of the longitudinal direction of the connecting conductor 20.

[0024] Hereinafter, unless otherwise specified, the direction from one end side (the side where the first connection portion 21 exists) of the longitudinal direction of the connecting conductor 20 to the other end side (the side where the second connection portion 22 exists) (the +X direction in each figure) will be referred to as the first direction of the antenna.

[0025] In this configuration, the first side edge L1 along the longitudinal direction of the connecting conductor 20 faces a part of the longitudinal side edge of the ground conductor surface 10, and the second side edge L2 along the longitudinal direction of the connecting conductor 20 faces a part of the longitudinal side edge of the radiating conductor surface 30.

[0026] In particular, by opposing the first side edge L1 and the side edge of the ground conductor surface 10, a slit S is formed between them, making it possible to accommodate a frequency band corresponding to a wavelength depending on the length of the side forming the slit S.

[0027] In this embodiment, the radiating conductor surface 30 corresponds to the low frequency band, and the slit S corresponds to the high frequency band.

[0028] Furthermore, by changing the shape of the radiating conductor surface 30 in the vicinity of the first connecting portion 21, it is possible to stabilize communication characteristics in the high frequency band.

[0029] Specifically, when the region of the radiation conductor surface 30 adjacent to the first connection portion 21 is defined as region 31, a first extension element 41 having a surface approximately parallel to the ground conductor surface 10 is extended from region 31 in the direction opposite to the first direction (-X direction in each figure) as shown in Figure 3.

[0030] 3 is set, and the total length of the conductor sides continuing from the first side edge L1 is extended. As a result, an electrical change occurs in the length of the conductor side forming the slit S, allowing fine adjustment of the frequency that the slit S corresponds to and also allowing impedance matching to stabilize communication characteristics.

[0031] In addition, the first extending element 41 itself also functions as a radiation conductor corresponding to other frequency bands.

[0032] 4, the first extension element 41 may have a shape including a first region 411 that is a surface substantially parallel to the ground conductor surface 10, and a second region 412 that is connected to the first region 411 and is integrated with the connecting conductor 20 on the same plane. Forming the second region 412 allows the extension portion L3 to be set in more detail, which contributes to stabilizing communication characteristics. In principle, the second region 412 is formed so as to be visually distinguishable from the connecting conductor 20.

[0033] Like the tip of the radiation conductor surface 30, the tip of the first extending element 41 preferably overlaps with the ground conductor surface 10 when the antenna 1 is viewed in a plan view from a direction perpendicular to the radiation conductor surface 30.

[0034] 5, a second extension element 42 extending in the direction opposite to the first direction may be provided within the radiating conductor surface 30. The presence of the second extension element 42 increases the frequency band that the antenna 1 can accommodate, and contributes to stabilizing communication characteristics through a synergistic effect with the first extension element 41.

[0035] Furthermore, since the extension direction of the second extension element 42 is opposite to the first direction, the return current that flows through the radiating conductor surface 30 in the first direction and then flows in the opposite direction to the first direction can be taken in by the second extension element 42, and a high electric field distribution can be generated in the second extension element 42.

[0036] As a result, a high electric field distribution is generated near the tip of the radiating conductor surface 30 and in the second extension element 42 located away from the tip of the radiating conductor surface 30, thereby suppressing interference between the corresponding frequency bands and contributing to stabilizing communication characteristics.

[0037] Like the tip of the radiation conductor surface 30, the tip of the second extending element 42 also preferably overlaps with the ground conductor surface 10 when the antenna 1 is viewed in a plan view from a direction perpendicular to the radiation conductor surface 30.

[0038] In principle, the second extending element 42 is formed so as to be visually distinguishable from the radiating conductor surface 30. If it is difficult to visually distinguish between the second extending element 42 and the radiating conductor surface 30, the effect of capturing the return current flowing in the opposite direction to the first direction may be weakened, resulting in unstable communication characteristics.

[0039] 1 to 5, a third extension element 43 may be provided, extending substantially perpendicularly from the radiation conductor surface 30. The presence of the third extension element 43 can provide effects such as an increase in the frequency band supported by the antenna 1, impedance adjustment, and stabilization of communication characteristics.

[0040] The position, number, and direction of extension of the third extension elements 43 can be set arbitrarily depending on the desired communication characteristics, but it is preferable that the third extension elements 43 extend from the radiating conductor surface 30 toward the ground conductor surface 10 (in the -Z direction in each figure).

[0041] The third extension element 43 extends from the radiation conductor surface 30 toward the ground conductor surface 10, and its tip is close to the ground conductor surface 10, so that electromagnetic coupling with the ground conductor surface 10 can be expected. The generation of new electromagnetic coupling between the third extension element 43 and the ground conductor surface 10 further suppresses changes in the communication characteristics of the antenna 1, contributing to stabilization of the communication characteristics and also making it possible to add a frequency band using the new electromagnetic coupling.

[0042] A particularly preferable position for providing the third extension element 43 is the tip of the radiating conductor surface 30. As described above, the electric field distribution is large near the tip of the radiating conductor surface 30, so that a strong electromagnetic coupling can be expected between the third extension element 43 and the ground conductor surface 10, which contributes to stabilizing communication characteristics.

[0043] The above describes preferred embodiments of the connecting conductor 20 and the radiating conductor surface 30 when the antenna 1 of the present invention is adapted to multiple frequency bands, but the specific embodiments are not limited to those described above, and various embodiments can be adopted depending on the desired communication characteristics. For example, as in the embodiment described below, the radiating conductor surface 30 may be configured by combining multiple regions with different widths.

[0044] The antenna 1 of the present invention is designed to be fed with a high-frequency signal via a coaxial cable 50. When connecting the coaxial cable 50 to the antenna 1, the inner conductor of the coaxial cable 50 is connected to the radiation conductor surface 30 or the connecting conductor 20 to form a feeding point P, and the outer conductor of the coaxial cable 50 is connected to a connection point G set on the ground conductor surface 10.

[0045] By connecting the coaxial cable 50 in this manner, a current flow can be generated in both the ground conductor surface 10 and the radiation conductor surface 30, which contributes to stabilizing communication characteristics.

[0046] The coaxial cable 50 used in the present invention may be a well-known high-frequency coaxial cable with a fluororesin coating or the like, and preferably has a thickness of about AWG 28 to 38. The inner conductor or outer conductor of the coaxial cable 50 can be connected to a predetermined location on the antenna 1 by soldering or crimping.

[0047] In addition, the setting of the positional relationship between the power supply point P and the connection point G also contributes to stabilizing the communication characteristics.

[0048] Specifically, if the direction from the power supply point P toward the tip of the radiation conductor surface 30 is defined as the second direction (corresponding to the +X direction in each figure), it is preferable that the distance from the connection point G to the edge of the ground conductor surface 10 that exists in the second direction relative to the connection point G is at least one-fourth the wavelength of the frequency band that the antenna 1 corresponds to.

[0049] With this configuration, the main direction of the current supplied from the feed point P to the radiating conductor surface 30 and the main direction of the current supplied from the connection point G to the ground conductor surface 10 are both aligned in the second direction. By aligning the currents flowing in the radiating conductor surface 30 and the ground conductor surface 10 in the same direction, the magnetic fields generated by the currents are also aligned, preventing the magnetic fields from being weakened. As a result, the communication characteristics of the antenna become even more stable.

[0050] In addition, when the antenna 1 supports multiple frequency bands, the distance from the connection point G to the edge of the ground conductor surface 10 is determined in principle based on the wavelength of the lowest frequency band among the frequency bands that the antenna 1 supports.

[0051] Furthermore, when the distance from connection point G to the edge of the ground conductor surface 10 is set to one-fourth of the wavelength of the frequency band that the antenna 1 corresponds to, it does not need to be exactly one-fourth, and some variation is allowed as long as the value is about one-fourth of each frequency that belongs to that frequency band.

[0052] 1, the position of the feed point P is preferably set at a location where, when a first perpendicular line VL1 is drawn from the feed point P in the direction toward the ground conductor surface 10 (the -Z direction in each figure), the first perpendicular line VL1 does not intersect with the ground conductor surface 10. In other words, this configuration means that the feed point P does not overlap with the ground conductor surface 10 when the antenna 1 is viewed in a plan view from a direction perpendicular to the radiation conductor surface 30.

[0053] Since a high-frequency signal is directly fed to the feed point P, the electric field distribution is higher than at other locations on the connecting conductor 20 and the radiation conductor surface 30. If the feed point P and the ground conductor surface 10 are close to each other, the electric field generated at the feed point P may affect the current generated on the ground conductor surface 10.

[0054] By ensuring that the feed point P does not overlap the ground conductor surface 10, i.e., by not bringing the feed point P and the ground conductor surface 10 closer than necessary, the influence of the feed point P on the ground conductor surface 10 is suppressed, the direction of the current flowing through the ground conductor surface 10 can be controlled, and this contributes to stabilizing the communication characteristics of the antenna 1.

[0055] In addition, this embodiment allows space to be secured near the feed point P, which makes it easier to connect the inner conductor of the coaxial cable 50 to the radiating conductor surface 30 or the connecting conductor 20, and is also a preferred embodiment in terms of manufacturing the antenna 1.

[0056] 1, when a second perpendicular line VL2 is extended from connection point G in the direction toward the radiating conductor surface 30 (the +Z direction in each drawing), it is preferable that connection point G be located at a position where the second perpendicular line VL2 does not intersect with the radiating conductor surface 30. In other words, this configuration means that when the antenna 1 is viewed in a plan view from a direction perpendicular to the radiating conductor surface 30, connection point G does not overlap with the radiating conductor surface 30.

[0057] Similar to the feed point P, the connection point G is also supplied with a high-frequency signal directly via the external conductor, so the current distribution is higher at the connection point G than at other locations on the ground conductor surface 10. If the connection point G and the radiating conductor surface 30 are close to each other, the electric field generated at the connection point G may affect the current generated on the radiating conductor surface 30.

[0058] By ensuring that connection point G does not overlap with radiating conductor surface 30, i.e., by not bringing connection point G and radiating conductor surface 30 closer than necessary, the effect of connection point G on radiating conductor surface 30 is suppressed, the direction of the current flowing through radiating conductor surface 30 can be controlled, and this contributes to stabilizing the communication characteristics of antenna 1.

[0059] This embodiment ensures space near the connection point G, which makes it easier to connect the outer conductor of the coaxial cable 50 to the ground conductor surface 10, and is also preferable in terms of manufacturing the antenna 1.

[0060] From the viewpoint of improving the workability when connecting the coaxial cable 50, it is also preferable to use an embodiment in which a ground side wall surface 12 is provided on the ground conductor surface 10 and the connection point G is provided on the ground side wall surface 12, as shown in Fig. 23. The ground side wall surface 12 shown in Fig. 23 extends in the +Z direction from the ground conductor surface 10 and exists on the same virtual plane as the connecting conductor 20. The embodiment of the ground side wall surface 12 is not limited to that shown in Fig. 23, and may extend at an angle with respect to the +Z direction or may be located on a virtual plane parallel to the virtual plane to which the connecting conductor 20 belongs, as long as the coaxial cable 50 can be provided to the antenna 1 with the connection point G facing in the -Y direction, as will be described later.

[0061] An embodiment in which connection point G is provided on the ground side wall surface 12 is shown in Figure 23. The coaxial cable 50 can be attached to the antenna 1 with both the feed point P and connection point G facing in the -Y direction. By unifying the orientation of the feed point P and connection point G, there is no need to change the orientation of the antenna when connecting the coaxial cable 50, improving workability.

[0062] In addition, it is possible to fold back a portion of the ground side wall surface 12 to form a crimping piece 13, and then crimp the outer sheath of the coaxial cable 50 onto the ground side wall surface 12, which is also preferable in terms of increasing the connection strength of the coaxial cable 50.

[0063] Each conductor constituting the antenna 1 of the present invention can be made of nickel silver (white copper), copper, iron, brass, steel, etc., punched out of a single metal plate about 0.1 to 1 mm thick and molded into a single piece, a conductive pattern provided on a dielectric substrate, or a combination of both.

[0064] When using a conductor punched out from a single metal plate and molded into one piece, a dielectric 70 made of ABS or the like may be sandwiched between the ground conductor surface 10 and the radiating conductor surface 30 in order to reduce the size of the antenna 1 by utilizing the wavelength shortening effect.

[0065] Typically, the dielectric 70 is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape having dimensions in the length direction (X direction), width direction (Y direction), and thickness direction (Z direction). However, the shape and dimensions may be changed as appropriate depending on the desired antenna characteristics, and hollowed-out portions may be provided for the purpose of reducing weight or adjusting the dielectric constant, or protrusions may be provided to make it easier to hold the antenna 1.

[0066] The following describes embodiments of the dielectric 70 that can be preferably used in the present invention.

[0067] One embodiment of the dielectric 70 is one in which a first fitting protrusion 71A is provided on the surface of the dielectric 70 that contacts the connecting conductor 20. The first fitting protrusion 71A is fitted into a first fitting hole provided in the connecting conductor 20, and the tip portion of the first fitting protrusion 71A is crushed by thermal deformation, thereby firmly fixing the dielectric 70 to the connecting conductor 20.

[0068] Fixing of the dielectric 70 using the fitting protrusions 71 is not limited to fixing to the connecting conductor 20, and the number of fixing points may be increased as necessary. For example, when the third extension element 43 extends from the radiation conductor surface 30, a second fitting protrusion 71B may be provided on the surface of the dielectric 70 that contacts the third extension element 43, and the second fitting protrusion 71B may be fitted into a second fitting hole provided in the third extension element 43.

[0069] 23, first fitting protrusion 71A and second fitting protrusion 71B are both facing in the -Y direction, which improves workability during antenna assembly, similar to when feed point P and connection point G are both facing in the -Y direction. Furthermore, by unifying the orientation of each fitting protrusion 71, dielectric 70 can be fixed while minimizing an increase in the external dimensions of antenna 1.

[0070] Furthermore, when the ground conductor surface 10 and the connecting conductor 20 have a longitudinal direction and a lateral direction, the longitudinal direction of the ground conductor surface 10 and the connecting conductor 20 are parallel to each other, and a first side edge L1 along the longitudinal direction of the connecting conductor 20 faces a part of the longitudinal side edge of the ground conductor surface 10 to form a slit S, it is preferable to form a protrusion 72 to be inserted into the slit S on the surface of the dielectric 70 that contacts the connecting conductor 20.

[0071] The protrusion 72 is preferably formed so that when a third perpendicular line VL3 is dropped from the feed point P in the direction in which the ground conductor surface 10 exists, the third perpendicular line VL3 and the protrusion 72 intersect.

[0072] By forming the protruding portion 72 in this manner, the protruding portion 72 is present on the -Z direction side of the coaxial cable 50 near the feed point P. Therefore, even when an external force in the -Z direction acts on the feed point P, the feed point P is supported by the protruding portion 72, and damage to the feed point P due to the external force is suppressed. In addition, the presence of the protruding portion 72 makes it difficult for an external force in the +Z direction to act on the feed point P.

[0073] As described above, the protrusion 72 contributes to protecting the feeding point P.

[0074] The antenna 1 of the present invention is used in a form that is incorporated into a communication device. [Example]

[0075] Examples 1 to 4 are shown as specific examples of the antenna 1 of the present invention. It should be noted that Examples 1 to 3 are reference examples of the antenna 1 of the present invention.

[0076] Each antenna is fabricated by connecting a coaxial cable 50 for feeding power to an antenna element of a predetermined shape made by punching out a single plate of nickel silver with a thickness of 0.2 mm.

[0077] The tip of the coaxial cable 50 is stripped in a stepped manner, and the other end is provided with a well-known coaxial cable connector that is compatible with the electronic device to be connected. The inner conductor of the coaxial cable 50 exposed by the stripping is soldered to the connecting conductor 20 or the radiation conductor surface 30, and the outer conductor is soldered to the ground conductor surface 10, and the feed point P and the connection point G are provided to complete the antenna 1.

[0078] The specifications of the coaxial cable 50 used are as follows: Inner conductor outer diameter: 0.24mm Fluorine resin (PFA) insulator outer diameter: 0.68 mm Outer conductor diameter: 0.93mm Fluorine resin (PFA) outer sheath with an outer diameter of 1.13 mm

[0079] [Example 1] As a first embodiment, a specific example of the antenna 1 shown in FIG. 1 will be described.

[0080] The shapes and dimensions of the elements constituting the antenna 1-1 of the first embodiment are as follows: Ground conductor surface 10: A roughly concave shape with a width of 5 mm and a length of 6.5 mm cut out, starting from a position 14 mm in the +X direction from the bottom left vertex of a roughly rectangular conductor plate with a width of 7 mm and a length of 50 mm. · Connecting conductor 20: Approximately rectangular, with its width center at a position 12 mm in the +X direction from the lower left vertex of the ground conductor surface 10, and extending in the +Z direction with a width of 3.5 mm and a length of 5 mm. Radiating conductor surface 30: A substantially linear configuration combining region 31, which starts from the left side of connecting conductor 20 and extends in the +X direction with a width of 3.5 mm and a length of 3.5 mm, region 32, which extends further in the +X direction with a width of 2.5 mm and a length of 19 mm, and region 33, which also extends in the +X direction with a width of 3.5 mm and a length of 3 mm. Regions 31, 33, and more than half of the area of ​​region 32 overlap with ground conductor surface 10 when antenna 1-1 is viewed in a plan view from the Z direction. Third extending element 43: A substantially rectangular shape extending from the tip (region 33) of the radiation conductor surface 30 in the −Z direction with a width of 3 mm and a length of 2 mm.

[0081] The antenna 1-1 of the first embodiment is intended to support the 2.4 GHz band with the radiating conductor surface 30 and the third extending element 43.

[0082] The connection point G was located on the surface of the ground conductor surface 10, 12.5 mm in the +X direction and 2.5 mm in the -Y direction, starting from the upper left vertex of the ground conductor surface 10. The feed point P was located on the surface of the radiating conductor surface 30 facing the -Z direction, 5.5 mm in the +X direction from the left edge of the radiating conductor surface 30 (within region 32).

[0083] The distance from the connection point G to the right side of the ground conductor surface 10 is 37.5 mm, which is longer than one-fourth the wavelength (approximately 125 mm) of the 2.4 GHz band that the antenna 1 supports.

[0084] Furthermore, the ground conductor surface 10 does not exist in the -Z direction of the power feed point P, and when a first perpendicular line VL1 is drawn from the power feed point P in the direction in which the ground conductor surface 10 exists, the first perpendicular line VL1 does not intersect with the ground conductor surface 10.

[0085] Furthermore, the radiating conductor surface 30 does not exist in the +Z direction of the connection point G, and when the second perpendicular line VL2 is extended from the connection point G in the direction in which the radiating conductor surface 30 exists, the second perpendicular line VL2 and the radiating conductor surface 30 do not intersect.

[0086] [Example 2] As a second embodiment, a specific example of the antenna 1 shown in FIG. 2 will be described.

[0087] The shapes and dimensions of the elements constituting the antenna 1-2 of the second embodiment are as follows: Ground conductor surface 10: Approximately rectangular, 7 mm wide and 50 mm long. Connecting conductor 20: A roughly S-shaped conductor that has its width centered at a position 23 mm in the -X direction from the lower right vertex of the ground conductor surface 10, extends in the +Z direction to a width of 3.5 mm and a length of 3 mm, then extends in the -X direction to a width of 1.5 mm and a length of 13.5 mm, and further extends in the +Z direction to a width of 6 mm and a length of 0.5 mm. Radiating conductor surface 30: A combination of region 31 that extends in the +X direction with a width of 2 mm and a length of 3 mm starting from the left side of connecting conductor 20, region 32 that extends further in the +X direction with a width of 4 mm and a length of 3 mm, region 33 that similarly extends in the +X direction with a width of 2 mm and a length of 16 mm, and region 34 that is 4 mm wide and a length of 3 mm. Regions 31 to 34 overlap with ground conductor surface 10 when antenna 1 is viewed in a planar view from the Z direction. Third extending element 43: A substantially rectangular shape extending from the tip (region 34) of the radiation conductor surface 30 in the −Z direction with a width of 5 mm and a length of 1.5 mm. First side L1: Length 13.5mm Second side L2: Length 11mm

[0088] The antenna 1-2 of Example 2 is intended as an antenna to be used for the WiFi standard, in which the radiating conductor surface 30 and the third extension element 43 correspond to the 2.4 GHz band, and the slit S formed between the ground conductor surface 10 and the connecting conductor 20 corresponds to the 5 GHz band.

[0089] The connection point G was located on the surface of the ground conductor surface 10, 14 mm in the +X direction and 3.5 mm in the -Y direction, starting from the upper left vertex of the ground conductor surface 10. The feed point P was located on the surface of the connecting conductor 20 facing the +Y direction, 17 mm in the +X direction from the left edge of the ground conductor surface 10, along the first side edge L1.

[0090] The distance from the connection point G to the right side of the ground conductor surface 10 is 36 mm, which is longer than one-fourth the wavelength (approximately 125 mm) of the 2.4 GHz band that the antenna 1-2 supports.

[0091] Furthermore, since the radiating conductor surface 30 does not exist in the +Z direction of the connection point G, when the second perpendicular line VL2 is extended from the connection point G in the direction in which the radiating conductor surface 30 exists, the second perpendicular line VL2 and the radiating conductor surface 30 do not intersect.

[0092] [Example 3] As a third embodiment, a specific example of the antenna 1 shown in FIG. 4 will be described.

[0093] The shapes and dimensions of the elements constituting the antenna 1-3 of the third embodiment are as follows: Ground conductor surface 10: Approximately rectangular, 7.5 mm wide and 41 mm long. Connecting conductor 20: Approximately L-shaped, with its width center at a position 15.5 mm in the -X direction from the lower right vertex of the ground conductor surface 10, extending in the +Z direction with a width of 7 mm and a length of 4 mm, and then extending in the -X direction with a width of 2.5 mm and a length of 13 mm. Radiating conductor surface 30: A combination of region 31 that extends in the +X direction with a width of 1.5 mm and a length of 2 mm starting from the left side of connecting conductor 20, region 32 that extends further in the +X direction with a width of 2 mm and a length of 8 mm, region 33 that similarly extends in the +X direction with a width of 1 mm and a length of 2 mm, and region 34 that is 1.5 mm wide and 17.5 mm long. Regions 31 to 34 overlap with ground conductor surface 10 when antenna 1 is viewed in a planar view from the Z direction. First extension element 41: Consists of a first region 411 that extends from the left side of region 31 in the -X direction with a width of 1.4 mm and a length of 3 mm, and a second region 412 that is integrated with the connecting conductor 20 on the same plane with a width of 2.3 mm and a length of 3 mm. Third extending element 43: A substantially rectangular shape extending from the tip (region 34) of the radiation conductor surface 30 in the −Z direction with a width of 5 mm and a length of 2 mm. First side L1: Length 13mm Second side L2: Length 12mm

[0094] The antenna 1-3 of Example 3 is intended as an antenna to be used in accordance with the WiFi 6E standard, which also supports the 6 to 7 GHz band, by adjusting the third harmonic generated due to high-frequency current in the 2.4 GHz band corresponding to the radiating conductor surface 30 by capacitive coupling between the third extension element 43 and the ground conductor surface 10, while the radiating conductor surface 30 has a radiating conductor surface 30 corresponding to the 2.4 GHz band and a slit S formed between the ground conductor surface 10 and the connecting conductor 20 and the second region 412 of the first extension element 41 corresponding to the 5 GHz band, and by adjusting the third harmonic generated due to high-frequency current in the 2.4 GHz band corresponding to the radiating conductor surface 30 by capacitive coupling between the third extension element 43 and the ground conductor surface 10.

[0095] The connection point G was located on the surface of the ground conductor surface 10, along the bottom edge of the ground conductor surface 10, at a position 10.5 mm in the +X direction from the left edge of the ground conductor surface 10. The feed point P was located on the surface of the connecting conductor 20 facing the +Y direction, along the first side edge L1, at a position 12 mm in the +X direction from the left edge of the ground conductor surface 10.

[0096] The distance from the connection point G to the right side of the ground conductor surface 10 is 30.5 mm, which can be considered to be approximately equal to one-fourth the wavelength (approximately 125 mm) of the 2.4 GHz band that the antenna 1 supports.

[0097] [Example 4] As a fourth embodiment, a specific example of the antenna 1 shown in FIG. 5 will be described.

[0098] The shapes and dimensions of the elements constituting the antenna 1-4 of the fourth embodiment are as follows: Ground conductor surface 10: A roughly concave shape with a width of 2.5 mm and a length of 24 mm cut out, starting from a position 5.5 mm in the -X direction from the bottom right of a roughly rectangular conductor plate with a width of 7.5 mm and a length of 41 mm. · Connecting conductor 20: Approximately L-shaped, with its width center at a position 16 mm in the -X direction from the right side of the ground conductor surface 10, extending in the +Z direction with a width of 7 mm and a length of 3 mm, and then extending in the -X direction with a width of 2 mm and a length of 9 mm. Radiation conductor surface 30: Starting from the left side of the connecting conductor 20, in the +X direction, it has a width of 2.5 mm and a length of 6 mm. This configuration combines region 31 extending 1.5 mm in the +X direction, region 32 extending 1.5 mm in width and 1 mm in length, and region 33 similarly extending in the +X direction with a width of 4.5 mm and a length of 16 mm. Regions 31 to 33 overlap with ground conductor surface 10 when antenna 1 is viewed in a plan view from the Z direction. First extending element 41: Consists of only a first region 411 that extends from the left side of region 31 in the −X direction with a width of 2 mm and a length of 6 mm. Second extending element 42: extends from the left side of region 33 in the −X direction by extending the upper side of region 33, with a width of 1.5 mm and a length of 5.5 mm. Third extending element 43: A substantially rectangular shape extending from the tip (region 33) of the radiation conductor surface 30 in the −Z direction with a width of 4 mm and a length of 2 mm. First side L1: Length 9mm Second side L2: Length 10mm

[0099] The antenna 1-4 of Example 4 is intended as an antenna for use with the WiFi 6E standard, in which the radiating conductor surface 30 and the third extension element 43 correspond to the 2 GHz band, the slit S formed between the ground conductor surface 10 and the connecting conductor 20 and the first extension element 41 (first region 411) corresponds to the 5 GHz band, and the interaction between the first extension element 41 and the second extension element 42 also corresponds to the 6 to 7 GHz band.

[0100] The connection point G was located on the surface of the ground conductor surface 10, along the bottom edge of the ground conductor surface 10, at a position 11.5 mm in the +X direction from the left edge of the ground conductor surface 10. The feed point P was located on the surface of the connecting conductor 20 facing the -Y direction, along the first side edge L1, at a position 13.5 mm in the +X direction from the left edge of the ground conductor surface 10.

[0101] The distance in the X direction from connection point G to the right side of the ground conductor surface 10 is 29.5 mm. Considering that there is a cutout in the ground conductor surface 10 and that the current supplied to connection point G must make a detour along the edge of the cutout to reach the right side of the ground conductor surface 10, this distance can be considered to be approximately equal to one-fourth the wavelength (approximately 125 mm) of the 2.4 GHz band that the antenna 1 supports.

[0102] Furthermore, since there is no ground conductor surface 10 in the -Z direction of the power feed point P, when the first perpendicular line VL1 is drawn from the power feed point P in the direction where the ground conductor surface 10 is present, the first perpendicular line VL1 and the ground conductor surface 10 do not intersect.

[0103] Furthermore, since the radiating conductor surface 30 does not exist in the +Z direction of the connection point G, when the second perpendicular line VL2 is extended from the connection point G in the direction where the radiating conductor surface 30 exists, the second perpendicular line VL2 and the radiating conductor surface 30 do not intersect.

[0104] [Comparative Example 1] As a first comparative example, an antenna 1' shown in FIG. 17 was prepared.

[0105] The shapes and dimensions of the elements constituting the antenna 1'-1 of Comparative Example 1 are as follows: Ground conductor surface 10': Approximately rectangular, 7 mm wide and 50 mm long. Vertical ground conductor surface 11': Starting from a position 10 mm in the +X direction from the lower left vertex of the ground conductor surface 10', it extends in the +X direction with a width of 1.5 mm and a length of 30 mm to form a surface perpendicular to the ground conductor surface 10'. · Connecting conductor 20': A straight line extending in the +Z direction with a width of 2 mm and a length of 2.5 mm, starting from the left side of the vertical ground conductor surface 11'. Radiating conductor surface 30': A substantially linear shape extending in the +X direction from the left side of the connecting conductor 20' with a width of 0.5 mm and a length of 30 mm. The radiating conductor surface 30' is formed on the same plane as the connecting conductor 20', and when the antenna 1' is viewed in a plan view from the Z direction, the radiating conductor surface 30' does not overlap with the ground conductor surface 10'.

[0106] The antenna 1'-1 of the comparative example 1 is intended to be compatible with the 2.4 Hz band, similar to the antenna 1-1 of the first embodiment.

[0107] The connection point G' was located on the surface of the ground conductor surface 10', along the bottom edge of the ground conductor surface 10', at a position 12 mm in the +X direction from the left edge of the ground conductor surface 10'. The feed point P' was located on the surface of the connecting conductor 20 facing the +Y direction, at a position 4 mm in the +X direction from the left edge of the radiation conductor surface 30'.

[0108] Comparative Example 2 As a second comparative example, an antenna 1' shown in FIG. 18 was prepared.

[0109] The shapes and dimensions of the elements constituting the antenna 1'-2 of Comparative Example 2 are as follows: Ground conductor surface 10': A shape in which the lower left corner of a roughly rectangular conductor plate with a width of 8.5 mm and a length of 46.5 mm has been removed over a width of 1.5 mm and a length of 13.5 mm. Vertical ground conductor surface 11': Starting from the lower right vertex of the ground conductor surface 10, it extends in the -X direction with a width of 1 mm and a length of 33 mm to form a surface perpendicular to the ground conductor surface 10'. Extended ground conductor surface 12': A roughly rectangular shape extending from the right end of the vertical ground conductor surface 11' in the +Y direction by 3 mm in width and 2.5 mm in length. Connecting conductor 20': A roughly L-shaped conductor that extends in the +Z direction with a width of 4 mm and a length of 2.5 mm, with its width center at a position 15 mm in the -X direction from the right side of the vertical ground conductor surface 11', and then extends in the -X direction with a width of 1.5 mm and a length of 16 mm. Radiation conductor surface 30: Starting from the left side of the connecting conductor 20', in the +X direction, it is 3 mm wide and 5.5 mm long. This configuration combines region 31', which extends 1.5 mm in the +X direction, with region 32', which extends 1.5 mm in width and 21 mm in length, in the +X direction. Regions 31' and 32' do not overlap with ground conductor surface 10' when antenna 1' is viewed in a plan view from the Z direction. Third extending element 43': A substantially rectangular element extending in the -Z direction from the tip (region 32') of the radiation conductor surface 30' with a width of 3 mm and a length of 1.5 mm.

[0110] The antenna 1'-2 of the comparative example 2 is intended to be an antenna compatible with the same frequency band as those of the examples 2-4.

[0111] The connection point G' was located on the surface of the ground conductor surface 10', along the bottom edge of the ground conductor surface 10', at a position 11 mm in the +X direction from the left edge of the ground conductor surface 10'. The power supply point P' was located on the surface of the connecting conductor 20' facing the -Y direction, at a position 13.5 mm in the +X direction from the left edge of the ground conductor surface 10'.

[0112] [Antenna evaluation] The antennas of the above-described examples and comparative examples were evaluated in terms of the following items. ·Item 1:VSWR Item 2: Change in VSWR due to proximity of conductors Item 3: Change in gain due to proximity of conductors

[0113] [Item 1: VSWR] The VSWR of the antennas of Examples 1 to 4 is shown in FIGS.

[0114] It was confirmed that the antenna 1-1 of Example 1 had a VSWR peak (a region with a small value) around 2.4 GHz, and was an antenna compatible with the intended frequency band.

[0115] It was confirmed that the antenna 1-2 of Example 2 has VSWR peaks near 2.4 GHz and near 5.5 GHz (5 GHz band), and is an antenna compatible with the Wi-Fi standard.

[0116] Antennas 1-3 and 4 of Examples 3 and 4 had VSWR peaks near 2.4 GHz, near 5.5 GHz (5 GHz band), and near 7 GHz (6 to 7 GHz band), confirming that they are antennas compatible with the WiFi 6E standard.

[0117] [Item 2: Change in VSWR due to proximity of conductors] From the fabricated antennas, antennas of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were selected, and the state of change in VSWR of each antenna when a conductor was brought close to each antenna is shown in FIGS.

[0118] The conductor 60 is a block of metal having a surface with the same width as the antenna (dimension in the Y direction) and a length sufficiently longer than the antenna's length (dimension in the X direction), and as shown in Fig. 10, the conductor 60 was placed close to the side where the ground conductor surface 10 exists (-Z direction side) with its surface parallel to the radiating conductor surface 30. Fig. 10(a) shows the state of the test on the antenna of the example, and Fig. 10(b) shows the state of the test on the antenna of the comparative example.

[0119] The proximity distance was the distance between the ground conductor surface 10 and the conductor 60 in the example, and the distance from the edge of the ground conductor surface 10' facing the conductor 60 to the conductor 60 in the comparative example.

[0120] For the antenna 1-1 of Example 1, when the proximity distance of the conductor 60 is 15 mm, the VSWR peaks around 2.4 GHz, confirming that the antenna has sufficient communication characteristics in the target frequency band. When the proximity distance of the conductor 60 is 10 mm or 5 mm, some change in VSWR occurs, but there is almost no change near the peak, and the antenna can be evaluated as being able to stably maintain the intended communication characteristics even when the conductor 60 is close.

[0121] On the other hand, the antenna 1'-1 of Comparative Example 1 generally achieved the intended communication characteristics when the proximity distance of the conductor 60 was 15 mm or 10 mm, but when the proximity distance was 5 mm, the VSWR became distorted and the intended communication characteristics could not be maintained.

[0122] For antenna 1-2 of Example 2, when the proximity distance of conductor 60 is 15 mm, peaks exist near 2.4 GHz and near 5.5 GHz (5 GHz band), confirming that it has sufficient communication characteristics in the target frequency band. Even when the proximity distance of conductor 60 is 10 mm or 5 mm, there is no noticeable change in VSWR, and it can be evaluated as an antenna that can stably maintain the intended communication characteristics even when conductor 60 is close.

[0123] For antenna 1-3 of Example 3, when the proximity distance of conductor 60 is 15 mm, peaks are present near 2.4 GHz, near 5.5 GHz (5 GHz band), and near 6.7 GHz (6 to 7 GHz band), confirming that it has sufficient communication characteristics in the target frequency band. Even when the proximity distance of conductor 60 is 10 mm or 5 mm, there is no noticeable change in VSWR, and it can be evaluated as an antenna that can stably maintain the intended communication characteristics even when conductor 60 is close.

[0124] On the other hand, for the antenna 1'-2 of Comparative Example 2, although the frequency at which the VSWR peaks changes due to differences in configuration, the intended communication characteristics are generally obtained when the proximity distance of the conductor 60 is 15 mm or 10 mm. However, when the proximity distance of the conductor 60 becomes 5 mm, the VSWR in the frequency band above 5 GHz becomes distorted, and the intended communication characteristics cannot be maintained.

[0125] [Item 3: Change in gain due to proximity of conductors] From the created antennas, antennas of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were selected, and the changes in gain (value in a plane parallel to the radiation conductor surface 30) of each antenna when a conductor 60 was brought close to each antenna are shown in Figures 14 to 16 and Figures 21 and 22. The method of bringing the conductor 60 close to each antenna is the same as when evaluating item 2.

[0126] The antennas of Examples 1 to 3 can be evaluated in terms of gain as antennas that do not show any noticeable change in gain in the corresponding frequency band even when the conductor 60 is close at a distance of 5 mm, and can stably maintain the intended communication characteristics even when the conductor 60 is close.

[0127] On the other hand, in the antennas of Comparative Examples 1 and 2, when the proximity distance of the conductor 60 is 5 mm, a decrease in gain occurs in the 2.4 GHz band in Comparative Example 1, and particularly in the 6 to 7 GHz band in Comparative Example 2, and it can be said that these antennas are also susceptible to the effects of the proximity of the conductor 60 in terms of gain.

[0128] From the above results, the antenna of the present invention can be evaluated as an antenna that can suppress the influence of conductor proximity by using a structure in which the ground conductor surface 10 and the radiating conductor surface 30 are superimposed, and that can also be used in multiple frequency bands by using extension elements, etc.

[0129] The antenna described above is merely one example of the present invention, and it goes without saying that the present invention can be applied to antennas corresponding to other frequency bands as long as they fall within the scope of the concept of the present invention. In particular, the specific configuration of antenna 1 is not limited to the example described above, and can be modified as appropriate within the scope of the concept of the present invention. [Industrial Applicability]

[0130] The antenna of the present invention can be applied to various devices with communication functions, and can be suitably used in industrial devices used in IoT, automobile-related devices, and information appliances with communication functions. [Explanation of symbols]

[0131] 1 antenna 10 Ground conductor surface 12 Ground side wall 13 Crimp piece 20 Connecting conductor 21 First connection part 22 Second connection part 30 Radiating conductor surface 31-34 Areas that constitute the radiating conductor surface 41 first extension element 411 First area 412 Second area 42 second extension element 43 Third extension element 50 coaxial cable 60 Conductor 70 Dielectric 71A 1st mating protrusion 71B 2nd mating protrusion 72 Protrusion L1 1st side L2 2nd side L3: Extension of the conductor edge by the first extension element S slit P feeding point G Connection Point VL1 First perpendicular line VL2 Second perpendicular line VL3 Third perpendicular

Claims

1. an antenna having a ground conductor surface and a radiation conductor surface disposed substantially parallel to the ground conductor surface, the ground conductor surface and the radiation conductor surface being electrically connected via a connecting conductor; the ground conductor surface, the connecting conductor, and the radiation conductor surface each have a longitudinal direction and a transverse direction, and the longitudinal direction of the ground conductor surface, the longitudinal direction of the connecting conductor, and the longitudinal direction of the radiation conductor surface are parallel to one another; the radiation conductor surface and the connection conductor are electrically connected via a first connection portion provided at one end side of the connection conductor in the longitudinal direction, the ground conductor surface and the connection conductor are electrically connected via a second connection portion provided on the other end side of the connection conductor in the longitudinal direction; a first side edge along the longitudinal direction of the connecting conductor faces a part of a side edge along the longitudinal direction of the ground conductor surface, and a second side edge along the longitudinal direction of the connecting conductor faces a part of a side edge along the longitudinal direction of the radiation conductor surface, a first extension element having a surface substantially parallel to the ground conductor surface extends from a region of the radiating conductor surface adjacent to the first connection portion in a direction opposite to the first direction, where the direction from one end side to the other end side of the longitudinal direction of the connection conductor is defined as a first direction; a second extending element extends from a region of the radiation conductor surface that is located closer to the first direction than a region adjacent to the first connection portion, in a direction opposite to the first direction; When the antenna is viewed in a plan view from a direction perpendicular to the radiating conductor surface, a tip of the radiating conductor surface and a tip of the second extending element overlap with the ground conductor surface.

2. 2. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein when the antenna is viewed in a plan view from a direction perpendicular to the radiating conductor surface, half or more of the area of ​​the radiating conductor surface overlaps with the ground conductor surface.

3. 3. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the first extension element has a first region that is a surface that is approximately parallel to the ground conductor surface, and a second region that is connected to the first region and is integrated with the connecting conductor on the same plane.

4. 4. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein a third extension element extends from the radiating conductor surface so as to extend substantially perpendicularly to the radiating conductor surface.

5. 5. The antenna according to claim 4, wherein the third extending element extends from a tip of the radiation conductor surface toward the ground conductor surface.

6. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the inner conductor of a coaxial cable is connected to a feed point provided on the antenna, and the outer conductor of the coaxial cable is connected to a connection point provided on the ground conductor surface, and the feed point is provided on either the radiating conductor surface or the connecting conductor.

7. 7. The antenna according to claim 6, wherein, when a direction from the feed point toward a tip of the radiating conductor surface is defined as a second direction, a distance from the connection point to an edge of the ground conductor surface that is on the second direction side of the connection point is equal to or greater than one-fourth of a wavelength of a frequency band supported by the antenna.

8. 8. The antenna according to claim 6, wherein when a first perpendicular line is drawn from the feed point in a direction toward the ground conductor surface, the first perpendicular line does not intersect with the ground conductor surface.

9. An antenna as described in any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that when a second perpendicular line is extended from the connection point in the direction in which the radiating conductor surface exists, the second perpendicular line does not intersect with the radiating conductor surface.

10. 10. The antenna according to claim 6, wherein the connection point is provided on a ground side wall surface provided on the ground conductor surface.

11. 11. The antenna according to claim 1, further comprising a dielectric sandwiched between the ground conductor surface and the radiation conductor surface.

12. 12. The antenna according to claim 11, wherein a first fitting protrusion is provided on a surface of the dielectric that contacts the connection conductor, and the first fitting protrusion is fitted into a first fitting hole provided in the connection conductor.

13. An antenna as described in claim 11 or claim 12, characterized in that a protrusion is formed on the surface of the dielectric that contacts the connecting conductor, which is inserted into a slit formed by the first side edge facing a part of the longitudinal side edge of the ground conductor surface.

14. 14. The antenna according to claim 13, which relies on claim 6, wherein when a third perpendicular line is dropped from the feed point in a direction in which the ground conductor surface exists, the third perpendicular line intersects with the protruding portion.

15. An antenna described in any one of claims 11 to 14, which cites claim 4, characterized in that a second fitting protrusion is provided on the surface of the dielectric that contacts the third extension element, and the second fitting protrusion is fitted into a second fitting hole provided in the third extension element.

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