Track construction machine and method for compacting the underside of the track

Abstract

The present invention relates to a track construction machine (1) for compacting under sleepers (15) laid on the ballast of a track (4), the track construction machine (1) comprising a machine frame (2) movable by rail running gear (3), a track elevation and alignment device (10) for correcting the track position, and two independent single-sleeper compaction devices (8, 9) arranged one after the other in the direction of the machine longitudinal axis (39), each compaction device (8, 9) having at least four independent compaction units (16) that are height-adjustable via a height drive device (22) and horizontally movable in the machine transverse direction (38) via a lateral drive device, each compaction unit (16) having at least one tool support (18), on which a compaction tool (17) positioned opposite to each other is supported and connected via a vibration drive device (19). It is envisaged that one of the two compaction devices (8, 9) is configured as a point compaction device, whereby the associated compaction unit (16) is supported and positionable laterally outwardly, relative to the machine longitudinal axis (39), relative to the machine frame (2) or to a satellite frame (7) movable along the machine longitudinal axis (39), via a movement device (23) consisting of three mutually independent lateral guide devices (25, 26, 27), while the other compaction device is configured as a track compaction device, whereby the associated compaction unit (16) is supported and positionable laterally movably only via one movement device (24), thereby improving the machine's performance in track and / or point processing and thus its compaction capacity.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a track construction machine for compacting the areas under sleepers laid on a track bed, the machine frame being movable by rail running gear, a track elevation and alignment device for correcting the track position, and two independent single-sleeper compaction devices arranged one after the other in the direction of the machine's longitudinal axis, each having at least four independent compaction units that are height-adjustable via height drives and horizontally movable in the machine's lateral direction via lateral drives, each compaction unit having at least one tool support on which oppositely positioned compaction tools are supported and connected via vibration drives. The present invention also relates to a method for operating the machine. [Background technology]

[0002] The tonnage of vehicles passing on the track leads to settlement of the trackbed. The resulting track position errors increase the impact on the vehicle-roadway interaction. To improve the track's service life, the track must be repositioned and compacted when its quality deteriorates accordingly. For this purpose, several types of compaction equipment exist, depending on the requirements of different applications. A distinction is made between track compaction and point compaction. While track compaction refers to the compaction of the area under the normal track extension, point compaction requires the best possible and most economical finishing and under-compaction of the points. To meet the compaction performance requirements, single-sleeper compaction equipment is used on relatively small machines, as well as high-performance multi-sleeper compaction equipment on larger machines. Universal compaction machines, which can be used both on open track and in the points area due to their versatile equipment, are increasingly in demand. These machines offer operators a high degree of flexibility during use. Points represent a particular challenge, especially due to the numerous obstacles in the track area and the long sleepers that run consistently under all four rails. Long sleepers are commonly used in point construction to allow pre-fabricated units to be transported to the construction site quickly and ready for installation.

[0003] However, at present, so-called four-rail tamping in combination with three-rail tamping at points is only applicable to a limited extent, due to the lateral extension required for the equipment and the resulting load on the machine. Normally, the tamping machine intended for this purpose must be retracted in the point, opposite the working direction, in order to be able to gradually finish all four rails. The highest quality track can only be achieved if the tamping and under-tamping of the long sleepers are carried out simultaneously in one working step.

[0004] EP 0 564 433 A1 describes a compaction machine for compacting the underside of track, which is equipped with a two-sleeper compaction device with compaction tools equipped with a compaction pick that can be clamped by a vibratory drive for simultaneously compacting the underside of two adjacent slabs. This document, based on FIG. 7, describes an improvement to the compaction device that also allows for point handling using a movable support. In this case, the compaction unit is movably supported on a guide unit via an intermediate frame relative to the machine frame and is additionally configured to be rotatable about a vertical axis. Without reversing the machine, continuous point handling and thus handling of long sleepers is impossible due to the limited lateral movement of the device. Furthermore, with this two-sleeper device design, when the device is lowered into the ballast during the compaction process, the compaction tools of each of the two rows of sleepers are lowered into the same sleeper mid-pocket. This results in high penetration resistance and extremely heavy loads on both personnel and the machine. This causes significant wear to the compaction equipment and the ballast itself, significantly reducing its useful life. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] The object of the present invention is to improve a track construction machine of the type mentioned at the outset compared to the prior art, thereby increasing the machine's performance in track and / or point processing, and thus its compaction capacity, and additionally achieving an increased service life for the ballast and compaction tools. Furthermore, it is desirable to achieve a lower load on the operator and the equipment. Furthermore, it is desirable to provide a method for processing track, which is carried out using the improved machine. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] According to the invention, these problems are solved by a machine with the features of independent claim 1 and a method according to the features of independent claim 11. Advantageous configurations of the invention are described in the dependent claims.

[0007] In this case, one of the two compaction devices is designed as a point compaction device, whereby the attached compaction unit is supported and positioned so as to be laterally movable outward relative to the machine frame or to a satellite frame movable along the machine longitudinal axis via a movement device consisting of three independent lateral guide devices, while the other compaction device is designed as a track compaction device, whereby the attached compaction unit is supported and positioned so as to be laterally movable via only one movement device. This lateral movement of the compaction device, which is carried out over multiple guide levels, makes it possible to compact the entire point extension downward without reversing the machine in the direction opposite to the working direction for a typical point extension. This makes it possible to complete finishing, especially in the case of long sleepers, after the track has been raised and adjusted from its actual position to its target position by the track adjustment and adjustment device. In this case, the point compaction device follows the track extensions of the two branch rails by moving laterally relative to the machine's longitudinal axis. The track compaction device can also move laterally, so that on curved track sections the compaction unit can be positioned to match the track extensions in a single movement. On open track outside the point area, it is assumed that both compaction devices will be used to achieve maximum compaction capacity.

[0008] In one configuration, the compaction unit of the point compaction device is laterally movable in a first lateral guide of a first lateral guide device, which is laterally movable in a second lateral guide of a second lateral guide device, and which is laterally movable relative to the machine frame or the satellite frame in a third lateral guide of a third lateral guide device. The stable movement in a mass on three guide levels ensures a reliable support of the compaction unit and thus the absorption of very large moments due to the forces caused by the raising and lowering of the compaction tool into the trackbed.

[0009] It is advantageous if the front compaction device, as viewed in the working direction, is designed as a point compaction device. This geometric arrangement ensures a minimum distance between each sleeper to be compacted on the secondary rail, which branches off from the main rail of the track at the point, and the lifting point of the auxiliary lifting device. The auxiliary lifting device is generally located in front of the lifting and leveling device. This arrangement also provides the machine operator with the best possible view of the working process from the work compartment, thereby substantially reducing the probability of an error condition and thus of damage to the track equipment, while at the same time contributing to high operating comfort. In this case, it is particularly advantageous if the two compaction devices are arranged one after the other in the direction of the machine's longitudinal axis, and if all the compaction tools arranged one after the other have approximately the same distance from each other in the neutral sunk position. The compaction axes of the two single-sleeper compaction devices are therefore arranged approximately twice the sleeper spacing in the direction of the machine's longitudinal axis. This allows only one row of tamping tools to be lowered into each sleeper mid-pocket, the space between two sleepers where ballast is filled. A row of tamping tools is conceptually a group of several tamping tools arranged side by side on a single imaginary axis in the transverse direction of the machine. Thus, each tamping machine has two rows of tamping tools that are clamped together by a vibratory drive during the tamping process to compact the ballast under the sleepers. While two rows of tamping tools are lowered into each sleeper mid-pocket in a typical machine, this configuration allows only one row of tamping tools to be lowered into each sleeper mid-pocket. This significantly reduces the penetration resistance of the tamping tools, as well as the high loads and transmitted vibrations on the machine. A significant reduction in the physical strain on the operator is also noticeable. In addition to less wear on machine components, the ballast bed is also protected. In any case, the crushing action that occurs in the pockets between the sleepers due to the two rows of compaction tools is therefore eliminated. Furthermore, in this case, the ballast particles reach the area between the backs of the ice axes of the two rows of compaction tools and are crushed there by the vibrating action that acts against each other. This crushing then leads to an undesirable decrease in the average particle size with each compaction operation.Achieving ballast protection leads to a longer service life for the entire trackbed. Furthermore, with one row of compaction tools per sleeper mid-pocket, there is more free space for the compaction tool to operate, which allows for a larger compaction stroke. As a result, improved compaction and therefore a higher quality track condition is achieved.

[0010] Advantageously, the second compaction device, which is not configured as a point compaction device, is supported movably in the direction of the machine's longitudinal axis by a longitudinal displacement device. This allows for simple and rapid adaptation to different sleeper spacings without changing the position of the compaction tool. This provides the operator with particularly flexible machine use. In combination with the already mentioned advantages of the compaction axes of the compaction tools arranged one after the other at a distance of twice the sleeper spacing, Y-sleepers can be handled comfortably. No complicated adjustment or refitting work is required. To compact under a Y-sleeper, one rail is compacted by the two compaction units of the front compaction device, and the other rail is compacted by the compaction device positioned behind it.

[0011] In one refinement, mechanical devices acting as anti-tip measures are attached to at least one rail running gear on each of the machine's outer tracks. These devices have swiveling rolling elements that engage with the periphery of the rail head, and the rolling elements can swivel around a rotation axis. Due to the large lateral travel of the compaction device, the center of gravity of the entire machine shifts outward from the central axis of the machine. In this case, the anti-tip measures allow safe operation in all working conditions, even on excessively high inclined tracks.

[0012] One configuration also assumes that the auxiliary elevation device is disposed on the machine frame or, alternatively, on a satellite frame movable relative to the machine frame in the direction of the machine longitudinal axis, and that the distance between the elevation point of the track elevation and leveling device and the compaction axis of the track compaction device is approximately equal to the distance between the elevation point of the auxiliary elevation device and the compaction axis of the point compaction device. The uniformity of these two distances results in approximately the same elastic bending characteristics of the track during the elevation and leveling process, based on the curve theory.

[0013] It is also advantageous if the compaction tools of at least one compaction device are supported so as to be pivotable about an axis extending approximately in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the machine and can be positioned by a swivel drive. If there are obstacles in the track body or if the working conditions within the point area are narrow and limited, the compaction tools can be swiveled to adapt to the situation at hand. Accordingly, it is also possible to deactivate all individual compaction tools, but to compact only the area under the relevant track area.

[0014] One embodiment envisages that the two compaction devices are modularly constructed and symmetrically arranged with respect to their respective compaction axes in terms of the kinematic and geometrical arrangement or support of the compaction tools. In this case, the compaction axis represents the vertical center axis of the sleepers to be processed in a longitudinal track section. This results in lower inertia forces and reduced vibrations, which in turn leads to lower loads on all components of the compaction devices, particularly the rolling and plain bearings. In addition to extending the service life, the modular and symmetrical construction reduces the number of parts used and minimizes the effort required to maintain and source replacement parts. This allows for shorter and more efficient maintenance work. Furthermore, the reduced vibrations significantly improve worker comfort at the work site.

[0015] In another embodiment of the invention, the compaction tools of at least one compaction device can be moved independently of one another to their inclined position by precise control of the clamping drive before being lowered into the ballast. This allows for quick and simple adjustment of the compaction tools to sleepers located at an angle within the point range. No complex and expensive pivoting devices for the compaction unit or the entire compaction device are required.

[0016] In the method for operating a machine according to the invention, the compaction units of the point compaction device and the track compaction device are aligned and positioned relative to one another in the transverse direction of the machine by correspondingly arranged transverse drives, with all transverse drives controlled by a common control device. This ensures optimal adjustment and positioning of the compaction units in relation to the track extension. This ensures fast and operator-friendly operation, especially in the point area.

[0017] In this case, advantageously, the compaction units of the point compaction device are moved laterally relative to the first lateral guide device by correspondingly arranged lateral drives, the second lateral guide device is moved laterally relative to the third lateral guide device by correspondingly arranged lateral drives, and the third lateral guide device is moved laterally relative to the machine frame or the satellite frame by correspondingly arranged lateral drives. The independently controllable lateral guide devices, in combination with a control device, provide flexible operation and adjustment modes, and in addition to manual operation by an operator, assisted operation, semi-automatic operation or fully automatic operation are also envisaged.

[0018] In one embodiment of the invention, in a so-called acyclic working mode, one compaction cycle is comprised of the following successive working steps: - First, all tamping units are lowered, clamped, returned and lifted to tamper under both sleepers simultaneously; -Advancing the compaction device by the distance between each sleeper, - Lower, tighten, return and lift all tamping units to tamper under the next two sleepers; -Advance each tamping device by three times the sleeper spacing. The tamping machine is carried out in steps, which provide for the prevention of the lowering of the compaction units positioned above the respective obstacles in the track area if an obstacle is present. These work steps, apart from the advantage that only one row of compaction tools is lowered per sleeper inter-pocket, make the operation of the compaction machine on open track particularly efficient.

[0019] In one alternative, in a so-called cyclical working method, one compaction cycle is comprised within the point range of the following successive working steps: - Lowering, tightening, returning and lifting all tamping units to tamper under both sleepers simultaneously; -Advancing the compaction device by the distance between each sleeper, - Lower, tighten, return and lift all tamping units to tamper under the next two sleepers Furthermore, when the compaction units of the point compaction device are advanced in the working direction, they are positioned across the two branching track rails by increasing their overhang in the transverse direction of the machine, and in this case, the lateral drives arranged corresponding to each lateral guide unit are controlled by a common control device, so that if an obstacle is found in the track area, the compaction units positioned above the obstacle will not sink. These work steps are advantageous in terms of continuous and efficient finishing of the point area in the working direction.

[0020] A further improvement of the method is to adjust the spacing between the tamping axes of each tamping device to the existing actual dimensions of the Y-sleeper in order to tamper under the Y-sleeper, and to divide one tamping cycle in a cyclical working manner into the following successive working steps, namely: - only two tamping units are operated per tamping device with a maximum of eight tamping tools grouped in one tamping group per tamping device, one tamping group positioned to the right and one to the left of the longitudinal axis of the machine; - simultaneously compacting the underside of the left part of the first Y-sleeper and the underside of the right part of the second Y-sleeper by lowering, tightening, returning and lifting two compaction groups each comprising four activated compaction units; -The compaction device is advanced by the step width of each Y-type sleeper. Furthermore, if there is an obstacle in the track area, the compaction units positioned above the obstacle will not be lowered, which further widens the versatile use possibilities of the machine. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0021] The invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: [Figure 1] 1 is a side view showing a schematic diagram of a track construction machine for treating a track. FIG. [Figure 2] 2 is an enlarged view schematically showing a part of the compaction device of the track construction machine shown in FIG. 1. FIG. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating a cross section AA shown in FIG. 2 in point processing. [Figure 4] FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating a cross section BB shown in FIG. 2 in point processing. [Figure 5] FIG. 3 is an enlarged view showing a schematic view of a part of the compaction device shown in FIG. 2 together with a Y-type sleeper. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a schematic top view of the compaction image of the device shown in FIG. 5 together with a Y-type sleeper. [Figure 7] 1A and 1B are a front view and a side view schematically showing an anti-tilt assist device. [Figure 8] 1 is a schematic isometric view of an anti-tilt assist device; FIG. [Figure 9]FIG. 10 shows a schematic diagram of the compaction pattern of a method with a non-cyclical working mode. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0022] FIG. 1 shows a track construction machine 1 configured to compact under sleepers 15 supported on the ballast of a track 4. The track 4 generally refers to the entire system consisting of the rails 14, sleepers 15, superstructure, ballast, points, overhead wiring, and signaling. The machine 1 has a movable machine frame 2 supported on rail running gear 3. The machine frame 2 supports a satellite frame 7 that is movable in the direction of the machine's longitudinal axis 39, and two tamping devices 8, 9 are mounted on the satellite frame 7 one after the other. In a simpler embodiment of the machine 1 (not shown), in the case of a discontinuous-operating track compaction machine, the satellite frame 7 is omitted. In this case, the tamping devices 8, 9 are mounted on the machine frame 2.

[0023] Furthermore, the machine 1 has a leveling and levelling device 10 for levelling and levelling the track grid formed by the rails 14 and sleepers 15. The current rail or track condition is detected by a levelling and levelling associated system 12, with one associated measuring device each positioned immediately in front of the foremost compaction unit 8 and in the front and rear regions of the machine 1. For processing points, an auxiliary levelling device 11 is mounted immediately adjacent to the levelling and levelling device 10, whereby a rail branching off from the main rail of the track 4 is manipulated based on an additional levelling point.

[0024] An operator's cab 5 is located at the end, and two operator's cabs 6 are located on either side in the area adjacent to the compaction devices 8, 9. From the operator's cab 6, at least one operator controls and / or monitors the entire work process, overlooking the compaction devices 8, 9, the leveling and rectifying device 10, and the auxiliary leveling device 11. Additionally, a video system (not shown) is installed, which detects and monitors the position and status of the track 4 and the working devices. Depending on the degree of automation, one or both operator's cabs 6 can be omitted. A control device 50 is attached to the machine frame 2 for controlling, regulating, and monitoring all operations. This control device 50 includes a calculation unit and a master computer.

[0025] Figure 2 shows an enlarged view of a portion of the tamping devices 8, 9 of the machine 1 shown in Figure 1. The front position of the satellite frame 7 in the working direction 13 is occupied by the point tamping device 8, followed alongside behind it by the track tamping device 9. The two tamping devices 8, 9 are designed as single-sleeper tamping devices, so that one sleeper 15 can be processed per tamping operation and per tamping device.

[0026] Each of the two compaction devices 8, 9 is formed by four independently operable compaction units 16 arranged in the cross machine direction 38. The compaction units 16 are supported on guide columns 21 so as to be height adjustable via height drives 22 and are horizontally movable in the cross machine direction 38 via lateral drives, which are not shown for reasons of clarity. Each compaction unit 16 has a tool support 18, which is connected to each of the tool supports 18 via a vibration drive 19 (e.g. an eccentric drive). Oppositely positioned compaction tools 17 are supported on the tool supports 18, which are configured as so-called compaction picks.

[0027] The vibratory drives 19 are made up of hydraulic linear actuators which bring about a mutual compaction movement of the tool supports 18. This compaction movement, with the vibration amplitudes of the vibratory drives 19 superimposed, allows for the compaction of the ballast beneath the sleepers 15. In an alternative embodiment (not shown), hydraulic cylinders are arranged between the tool supports 18 and each compaction tool 17, which act both as vibratory drives and as compaction drives. To generate vibrations, the hydraulic cylinders are supplied with a hydraulic pulse. During the compaction movement, the hydraulic pulse is superimposed on the compaction pressure generated by the hydraulic cylinders. One compaction unit 16 is supported by slide members on each of two guide columns 21 of a stable structure, i.e., the device frame 20.

[0028] The point compaction devices 8 are configured so that the associated compaction units 16 are supported and positionable on their respective device frames 20 for movement in the transverse machine direction 38 via multi-stage displacement devices 23. In contrast, the compaction units 16 of the track compaction device 9 are supported and positionable for movement in the transverse machine direction 38 via a single displacement device 24. Furthermore, a longitudinal displacement device 45 is provided for adjusting the sleeper spacing 2·S in the direction of the longitudinal machine axis 39. The sleeper spacing 2·S is given by the distance between the two compaction axes 41, 42 of each compaction device 8, 9. This device is configured so that all adjacently arranged compaction tools 17 of the two compaction devices 8, 9 have approximately the same distance d from one another in the direction of the longitudinal machine axis 39 in the neutral sunk position. The tool support 18 is pivotally supported via a pivot axis 44 which is parallel to the longitudinal machine axis 39, so that the compaction tool 17 can be pivoted upwards. Control is effected via a pivot drive 43.

[0029] The longitudinal displacement device 45 has a displacement drive 46 arranged parallel to the machine longitudinal axis 39, which is rigidly connected to the satellite frame 7. A support frame 49 (see FIG. 4 ) is movably supported via slide bearings 48 over two longitudinal guide columns 47 and is also connected to the displacement drive 46.

[0030] FIG. 3 shows the cross section AA shown in FIG. 2 with the compaction unit 16 of the point compaction device 8 in its working position for point processing, displaced to the left transversely to the vertical central machine axis 40. The multi-stage displacement device 23 has three independent lateral guide devices 25, 26, 27, which are supported and positionable so as to be displaceable laterally relative to the satellite frame 7 with respect to the central machine axis 40. The displacement drives of the lower first and second lateral guide devices 25, 26 are not shown in FIG. 3. They are arranged parallel to the guide columns 28, 29 at each level. The upper third lateral guide device 27 is displaceable in the transverse direction 38 via a displacement drive 35. The displacement drive 35 is firmly connected to the satellite frame 7 on the one hand and to a support frame 33 for the third lateral guide device 27, which is configured as an intermediate platform, on the other hand. The unit frame 20 of the compaction unit 16 is movably supported on a guide column 28 of the first lateral guide device 25 via a slide bearing 36. The guide column 28 is further attached to a guide column 29 of the middle second lateral guide device 26 via an angle joint 37. The guide column 29 is movably supported within a guide frame 30 of the third lateral guide device 27.

[0031] The guide frame 30 and the support frame 33 are rigidly connected to one another, with the guide frame 30 carrying a bracket-like support member 32 that is movable in the cross machine direction 38. Both the guide frame 30 and the support member 32 are supported by two lateral guide columns 31 so as to be movable relative to the satellite frame 7. Furthermore, a sliding plate 34 is arranged on the underside of the satellite frame 7. This sliding plate 34 transfers part of the forces or moments issuing from the compaction unit 16 from the guide frame 30 to the structure of the satellite frame 7 during operation.

[0032] Figure 4 shows the cross section B-B shown in Figure 2 with the track compaction device 9 in its working position during point processing. The compaction unit 16 is configured similarly to the configuration described above. In this configuration, the guide column 28 is rigidly attached to a longitudinal support frame 49 of a longitudinal displacement device 45. This longitudinal support frame 49 is movably supported on a longitudinal guide column 47 via a plain bearing 48. The displacement drive 46 is not shown here.

[0033] 5, as well as in FIG. 2, shows an enlarged view of a compaction device compacting the underside of the track 4, together with a Y-sleeper 51. In this case, the compaction tool 17 of the track compaction device 9 is fully coloured in the figure. The distance between the compaction axes 41, 42 of the compaction devices 8, 9 is adjusted to the existing actual dimension SY of the Y-sleeper 51. In a cyclical working mode, the compaction devices 8, 9 are advanced by a given step FY for each compaction movement.

[0034] Figure 6 shows a top view of the compaction image of the equipment shown in Figure 5 with Y-type sleepers, illustrating the compaction operation. The initial compaction operation is defined by two compaction groups T1, located on the left and right of the machine's longitudinal axis 39. For each compaction device 8, 9, only two of the four compaction units 16 are activated and lowered. In this case, the left-hand compaction group T1 of the point compaction device 8 is activated, while the right-hand compaction group T1 of the track compaction device 9 is activated (as in Figure 5, these are fully colored in the figure). During operation, the left and right side operators can be alternated diagonally to uniformly load all four compaction units 16 of each compaction device 8, 9. In this case, the left-hand compaction group T1 of the track compaction device 9 is activated, while the right-hand compaction group T1 of the point compaction device 8 is activated. The other compaction groups T2, T3 exemplarily represent subsequent compaction operations.

[0035] Figure 7 shows the anti-tip auxiliary device in front and side views. The device 54 has rolling elements 55 rotatably supported by a swivel drive 57 via a rotation axis 56. In this case, the rolling elements 55 engage with the periphery of the rail head of the track 4. The side view, shown in dashed lines on the outside left, shows the device 54 in its inactive, swiveled-up position. Figure 8, complementary to Figure 7, shows an isometric view of the anti-tip auxiliary device.

[0036] Figure 9 shows the compaction pattern for a track preparation method using a non-cyclical working method. In this case, two compaction devices 8, 9 are arranged one after the other with a distance of 2·S between them. This distance 2·S between the compaction axes 41, 42 corresponds to twice the sleeper spacing S shown in Figure 2. After each compaction operation, the two compaction devices 8, 9 are advanced in the working direction 13 alternately by the sleeper spacing S (advancement distance = S) and by three times the sleeper spacing 3·S (advancement distance = 3·S). In this way, the two single-sleeper compaction devices compact the area under every sleeper most efficiently.

Claims

1. A track construction machine (1) for compacting under sleepers (15) laid on the ballast of a track (4), comprising a machine frame (2) movable by rail running gear (3), a track elevation and alignment device (10) for correcting the track position, and two independent single-sleeper compaction devices (8, 9) arranged one after the other in the direction of the machine longitudinal axis (39), each compaction device (8, 9) having at least four independent compaction units (16) that are height adjustable via a height drive device (22) and horizontally movable in the machine transverse direction (38) via a lateral drive device, each compaction unit (16) having at least one tool support (18) on which a respective oppositely positioned compaction tool (17) is supported and connected via a vibration drive device (19). one of the two compaction devices (8, 9) is configured as a point compaction device, whereby the associated compaction unit (16) is supported and positionable for movement laterally outward relative to the machine frame (2) or relative to a satellite frame (7) movable along the machine longitudinal axis (39) via a movement device (23) consisting of three mutually independent lateral guide devices (25, 26, 27); the other compaction device is configured as a track compaction device, whereby the associated compaction unit (16) is supported and positionable for lateral movement only via one movement device (24); A track construction machine (1), characterized in that the compaction unit (16) of the point compaction device is laterally movable in a first lateral guide (28) of a first lateral guide device (25), the first lateral guide device (25) is laterally movable in a second lateral guide (30) of a second lateral guide device (26), and the second lateral guide device (26) is laterally movable relative to the machine frame (2) or the satellite frame (7) in a third lateral guide (31) of a third lateral guide device (27).

2. 2. The machine (1) according to claim 1, wherein the front compaction device (8) seen in the working direction (13) is designed as a point compaction device.

3. 3. The machine (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the two compaction devices (8, 9) are arranged one after the other in the direction of the machine longitudinal axis (39), and all the compaction tools (17) arranged one after the other have approximately the same distance (d) from one another in the neutral sunk position.

4. 4. The machine (1) according to claim 1, wherein the second compaction device, which is not configured as a point compaction device, is supported movably in the direction of the machine longitudinal axis (39) by a longitudinal movement device (45).

5. 5. The machine (1) according to claim 1, wherein a mechanical device (54) acting as an anti-tilt means is attached to at least one of the rail running devices (3) on both outer sides of the tracks of the machine (1), the device (54) having swiveling rolling elements (55) engaging with the circumferential surface of the rail head, the rolling elements (55) being swiveling about a rotation axis (56).

6. 6. The machine (1) according to claim 1, wherein an auxiliary elevation device (11) is arranged on the machine frame (2) or alternatively on the satellite frame (7) which is movable relative to the machine frame (2) in the direction of the machine longitudinal axis (39), and the distance between the elevation point of the track elevation and leveling device (10) and the compaction axis (42) of the track compaction device (9) is approximately equal to the distance between the elevation point of the auxiliary elevation device (11) and the compaction axis (41) of the point compaction device (8).

7. 7. The machine (1) according to claim 1, wherein the compaction tool (17) of at least one of the compaction devices (8, 9) is supported so as to be pivotable about an axis (44) extending substantially in the direction of the machine longitudinal axis (39) and can be positioned by a pivot drive (43).

8. 8. The machine (1) according to claim 1, wherein the two compaction devices (8, 9) are configured modularly and symmetrically with respect to the respective compaction axes (41, 42) with respect to the kinematic and geometric arrangement or support of the compaction tools (17).

9. 9. The machine (1) according to claim 1, wherein the compaction tools (17) of at least one compaction device (8, 9) can be displaced independently of one another into their inclined position by precise control of a compaction drive (19) before being lowered into the ballast bed.

10. 10. A method for compacting the underside of a track (4) by means of a machine (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, The method comprises positioning the compaction units (16) of the point compaction device and the compaction units (16) of the track compaction device in a coordinated manner with each other in the cross machine direction (38) by correspondingly arranged cross drive devices, and controlling all of the cross drive devices by one common control device (50).

11. 11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the compaction units (16) of the point compaction device are moved laterally relative to the first lateral guide devices (25) by the respective lateral drive devices arranged correspondingly, the second lateral guide devices (26) are moved laterally relative to the third lateral guide devices (27) by the respective lateral drive devices arranged correspondingly, and the third lateral guide devices (27) are moved laterally relative to the machine frame (2) or the satellite frame (7) by the respective lateral drive devices (35).

12. In so-called acyclic working methods, one compaction cycle is made up of the following successive working steps: - first lowering, clamping, returning and lifting all said compaction units (16) to compact under two sleepers (15) simultaneously; - advancing the compaction devices (8, 9) by the sleeper spacing (S), - Lowering, tightening, returning and lifting all tamping units (16) to tamper under the next two sleepers (15); - The compaction devices (8, 9) are each advanced by three times the sleeper spacing (3·S). Implemented in steps, If there is an obstacle in the track area, the compaction units (16) positioned above the obstacle are not lowered.

12. The method according to claim 10 or 11.

13. In the so-called cyclic working method, one compaction cycle is divided into the following successive working steps within the point range: - lowering, clamping, returning and lifting all said compaction units (16) to compact under two sleepers (15) simultaneously; - advancing the compaction devices (8, 9) by the sleeper spacing (S), - Lower, tighten, return and lift all the tamping units (16) to tamper under the next two sleepers (15). Implemented in steps, When the compaction units (16) of the point compaction device are advanced in the working direction (13), they are positioned across two diverging track rails by increasing overhanging movement in the cross-machine direction (38), and at this time, each lateral drive device arranged corresponding to each lateral guide unit (25, 26, 27) is controlled by a common control device (50), so that when an obstacle is present in the track area, the compaction units (16) positioned above the obstacle do not sink.

12. The method according to claim 10 or 11.

14. In order to compact the underside of the Y-sleeper (51), the distance between the compacting axes (41, 42) of each of the compacting devices (8, 9) is adjusted to the existing actual dimension (SY) of the Y-sleeper (51), and one compaction cycle is carried out in a cyclical manner, comprising the following successive working steps: - operating only two compaction units (16) per compaction device (8, 9) with a maximum of eight compaction tools (17) grouped in one compaction group (T1) per compaction device (8, 9), one compaction group (T1) positioned to the right and one to the left of the longitudinal axis (39) of the machine, - tamping simultaneously under the left part (52) of the first Y-sleeper (51) and under the right part (53) of the second Y-sleeper (51) by lowering, tightening, returning and lifting the two tamping groups (T1) comprising the four activated tamping units (16); - the compaction devices (8, 9) are advanced by the stride (FY) of each Y-sleeper (51); Implemented in steps, If there is an obstacle in the track area, the compaction units (16) positioned above the obstacle are not lowered.

12. The method according to claim 10 or 11.

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