Industrial fabrics

Abstract

To provide an industrial fabric which has suppressed decrease in surface property and air permeability while maintaining binding force.SOLUTION: In an industrial fabric having an upper surface side fabric and a lower surface side fabric being bound to each other, the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric are constituted by weaving a warp and a weft. The weft includes a binding weft for binding the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric, an upper surface side weft constituting a part of the upper surface side fabric, and a lower surface side weft constituting a part of the lower surface side fabric. The warp includes a binding warp for binding the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric, an upper surface side warp that constitutes a part of the upper surface side fabric by weaving the upper surface side weft without weaving the lower surface side weft, and a lower surface side warp that constitutes a part of the lower surface side fabric by weaving the lower surface side weft without weaving the upper surface side weft.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to industrial fabrics used in paper machines. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, papermaking meshes woven from warp and weft threads have been widely used as industrial fabrics for use in papermaking machines. Various characteristics are required of papermaking meshes, and for example, Patent Document 1 discloses an industrial fabric comprising an upper surface side fabric consisting of upper surface side warps and upper surface side wefts, a lower surface side fabric consisting of lower surface side warps and lower surface side wefts, and upper surface side warps functioning as binding threads and lower surface side warps functioning as binding threads. The upper surface side warps functioning as binding threads and the lower surface side warps functioning as binding threads are provided as an upper and lower pair. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-342889 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] Increasing the number of binding yarns can increase the binding force binding the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric together, but increasing the number of binding yarns only in the warp may result in a decrease in surface properties and breathability.

[0005] An object of the present invention is to provide an industrial fabric which ensures a sufficient binding force while suppressing a decrease in surface properties and breathability. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, one aspect of the present invention is an industrial fabric in which an upper surface side fabric and a lower surface side fabric are bonded together, the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric being formed by interweaving warp yarns and weft yarns, and the weft yarns include a bonding weft yarn that bonds the upper surface side fabric to the lower surface side fabric, an upper surface side weft that forms a part of the upper surface side fabric, and a lower surface side weft that forms a part of the lower surface side fabric. The warp yarns include a bonding warp yarn that bonds the upper surface side fabric to the lower surface side fabric, an upper surface side warp that forms a part of the upper surface side fabric by weaving the upper surface side weft without weaving the lower surface side weft, and a lower surface side warp that forms a part of the lower surface side fabric by weaving the lower surface side weft without weaving the upper surface side weft. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an industrial fabric that ensures a sufficient binding force while suppressing a decrease in surface properties and breathability. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a design diagram showing a complete design of an industrial woven fabric according to a first embodiment. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view in the warp direction along the warp threads in the design drawing shown in FIG. 1. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view in the weft direction along the weft thread in the design drawing shown in FIG. 1. [Figure 4] FIG. 10 is a design diagram showing the complete design of an industrial woven fabric according to a second embodiment. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view in the warp direction along the warp threads in the design drawing shown in FIG. 4. [Figure 6] FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view in the weft direction along the weft thread in the design drawing shown in FIG. 4. [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is a design diagram showing the complete design of an industrial woven fabric according to a third embodiment. [Figure 8] FIG. 10 is a design diagram showing the complete design of an industrial woven fabric according to a fourth embodiment. [Figure 9] FIG. 10 is a design diagram showing the complete design of an industrial woven fabric according to a fifth embodiment. [Figure 10]FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view in the warp direction along the warp threads in the design drawing shown in FIG. 9. [Figure 11] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view in the weft direction along the weft thread in the design drawing shown in FIG. 9. [Figure 12] FIG. 10 is a design diagram showing the complete design of an industrial woven fabric according to a sixth embodiment. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view in the warp direction along the warp threads in the design drawing shown in FIG. 12. [Figure 14] FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view in the weft direction along the weft thread in the design drawing shown in FIG. 12. [Figure 15] FIG. 10 is a design diagram showing the complete design of an industrial woven fabric according to a seventh embodiment. [Figure 16] FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view in the warp direction along the warp threads in the design drawing shown in FIG. 15. [Figure 17] FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view in the weft direction along the weft thread in the design drawing shown in FIG. 15. [Figure 18] FIG. 13 is a design diagram showing the complete design of an industrial woven fabric according to an eighth embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] In the following description, "warp yarns" refer to yarns that extend in the web transport direction when a multilayer papermaking fabric is used as a loop-shaped belt, and "weft yarns" refer to yarns that extend in a direction that intersects with the warp yarns. Furthermore, when a multilayer papermaking fabric is used as a papermaking mesh, an "upper-side fabric" refers to the fabric located on the front side of the papermaking mesh where the web is transported, and a "lower-side fabric" refers to the fabric located on the back side of the papermaking belt where the drive roller mainly contacts. The term "surface" simply refers to the exposed side of the upper-side fabric or lower-side fabric, and the "surface" of the upper-side fabric corresponds to the front side of the papermaking mesh, while the "surface" of the lower-side fabric corresponds to the back side of the papermaking mesh.

[0010] Furthermore, a "design pattern" is the smallest repeating unit of a fabric's structure, equivalent to the complete structure of the fabric. In other words, a "woven fabric" is formed by repeating a "complete structure" front to back and side to side. Furthermore, a "knuckle" refers to the part where a warp thread passes over or under one or more weft threads and is exposed on the surface.

[0011] Furthermore, "binding warp threads" refer to at least some of the warp threads constituting the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric, and are threads that bind the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric by weaving the weft threads of the lower surface side fabric (or the upper surface side fabric) from the back side (or front side) with warp threads that should normally only weave in the weft threads of the upper surface side fabric (or the lower surface side fabric). Furthermore, "binding weft threads" refer to at least some of the weft threads constituting the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric, and are threads that bind the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric by weaving the warp threads of the lower surface side fabric (or the upper surface side fabric) from the back side (or front side) with weft threads that should normally only weave in the warp threads of the upper surface side fabric (or the lower surface side fabric).

[0012] [First embodiment] Fig. 1 is a design diagram showing the complete design of an industrial woven fabric 10 according to the first embodiment. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view in the warp direction along the warp yarns in the design diagram shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view in the weft direction along the weft yarns in the design diagram shown in Fig. 1.

[0013] In the design drawings, warp threads are indicated by Arabic numerals, for example, 1, 2, 3... Weft threads are indicated by Arabic numerals with a prime, for example, 1', 2', 3'... Upper surface side threads are indicated by numbers with a U, and lower surface side threads are indicated by numbers with an L, for example, 1'U, 2'L, etc. Furthermore, binding warp threads that bind the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric together are indicated by numbers with a B, with the first binding warp thread being indicated as Bf and the second binding warp thread being indicated as Bs. Furthermore, binding wefts that bind the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric together are also indicated by numbers with a B, with the first binding weft being indicated as Bf and the second binding weft being indicated as Bs.

[0014] In the design drawings, a △ mark indicates that the first binding warp is placed below the lower surface side weft, a ▲ mark indicates that the second binding warp is placed above the upper surface side weft, an × mark indicates that the upper surface side warp and the first binding warp are placed above the upper surface side weft, a ○ mark indicates that the lower surface side warp and the second binding warp are placed below the lower surface side weft, a □ mark indicates that the binding weft is placed below the lower surface side warp or the binding warp, and a ■ mark indicates that the binding weft is placed above the upper surface side warp or the binding warp. △ marks, ▲ marks, × marks, ○ marks, □ marks, and ■ marks indicate knuckles. These notations are used in the same way in Figure 4 and subsequent figures.

[0015] The industrial fabric 10 according to the first embodiment shown in Figure 1 is formed by bonding an upper surface side fabric including upper surface side warps (1U to 8U) and upper surface side wefts (1'U to 4'U, 6'U to 9'U) and a lower surface side fabric including lower surface side warps (1L to 3L, 5L to 7L) and lower surface side wefts (1'L, 3'L, 6'L, 8'L) together with bonding warps (4B, 8B) and bonding wefts (5'B, 10'B).

[0016] The upper surface side wefts (1'U to 4'U, 6'U to 9'U) form part of the upper surface side fabric. The lower surface side wefts (1'L, 3'L, 6'L, 8'L) form part of the lower surface side fabric. The binding warps (4B, 8B) bind the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric together, and form part of the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric, respectively. The binding wefts (5'B, 10'B) bind the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric together, but are not included in the weaving pattern of the upper surface side warps and binding warps.

[0017] Next, the weaving method of each warp and each weft in the industrial woven fabric 10 will be described with reference to Figures 2(a) and 2(b) and Figures 3(a) and 3(b). The arrangements of the upper surface side weft, lower surface side weft, and binding weft shown in Figures 2(a) and 2(b) are the same.

[0018] Figure 2(a) shows a pattern in which a pair of upper surface side warp 1U and lower surface side warp 1L is woven with upper surface side weft, lower surface side weft, and binding weft. As shown in Figure 2(a), upper surface side warp 1U is woven above and below upper surface side wefts (1'U to 4'U, 6'U to 9'U), passes above upper surface side wefts (2'U, 4'U, 7'U, 9'U) to form knuckles, and passes below upper surface side wefts (1'U, 3'U, 6'U, 8'U). Furthermore, although the weaving pattern in which upper surface side warp 1U is woven above and below upper surface side wefts does not include binding wefts, upper surface side warp 1U passes above binding wefts (5'B, 10'B).

[0019] The upper surface side warps (3U, 5U, 7U) are woven into the upper surface side wefts (1'U to 4'U, 6'U to 9'U) in the same way as the upper surface side warp 1U. The upper surface side warps (2U, 6U) are woven into the upper surface side wefts (1'U to 4'U, 6'U to 9'U) one by one above and below the upper surface side wefts (1'U to 4'U, 6'U to 9'U) in the same way as the upper surface side warp 1U, but their weaving positions are shifted by one position in the warp direction compared to the upper surface side warp 1U. In this way, the upper surface side warps (1U to 3U, 5U to 7U) have the same weaving pattern, form knuckles at regular intervals with the upper surface side wefts (1'U to 4'U, 6'U to 9'U), and are woven alternately without disrupting the surface design. The upper surface side warps (1U-3U, 5U-7U) do not weave in the lower surface side wefts (1'L, 3'L, 6'L, 8'L), but only weave in the upper surface side wefts (1'U-4'U, 6'U-9'U) and binding wefts (5'B, 10'B) to form part of the upper surface side fabric.

[0020] Lower surface side warp 1L passes under lower surface side weft 1'L to form a knuckle, and passes over three lower surface side wefts (3'L, 6'L, 8'L). Also, the weaving pattern in which lower surface side warp 1L passes under one lower surface side weft and over three lower surface side wefts does not include a binding weft, but lower surface side warp 1L passes under the binding wefts (5'B, 10'B). Lower surface side warps (2L, 3L, 5L to 7L) include those whose weaving positions are offset from lower surface side warp 1L in the warp direction, but have the same weaving pattern as lower surface side warp 1L, and are woven in by passing under one lower surface side weft and over three lower surface side wefts. In this way, the lower side warps (1L-3L, 5L-7L) do not weave into the upper side wefts (1'U-4'U, 6'U-9'U), but only weave into the lower side wefts (1'L, 3'L, 6'L, 8'L) and the binding wefts (5'B, 10'B) to form part of the lower side fabric.

[0021] The upper surface side warps (1U to 3U, 5U to 7U) have a common weaving pattern except for the binding wefts (5'B, 10'B). In other words, the upper surface side warps (1U to 3U, 5U to 7U) have a weaving pattern in which they are woven one above and one below the upper surface side wefts (1'U to 4'U, 6'U to 9'U) except for the binding wefts (5'B, 10'B).

[0022] The lower surface side warps (1L-3L, 5L-7L) also have a common weaving pattern excluding the binding wefts (5'B, 10'B), and have an interweaving pattern in which they pass under one lower surface side weft and over three lower surface side wefts with respect to the lower surface side wefts (1'L, 3'L, 6'L, 8'L). Thus, the binding wefts (5'B, 10'B) are not included in the interweaving patterns of the upper surface side warps and lower surface side warps.

[0023] 2(b) shows a form in which a pair of upper surface side warp 4U and binding warp 4B is woven with upper surface side weft, lower surface side weft, and binding weft. Upper surface side warp 4U and binding warp 4B form a pair facing each other above and below, and cross each other due to binding by binding warp 4B.

[0024] Upper surface side warp 4U passes above upper surface side wefts (3'U, 6'U, 8'U) to form knuckles, and passes below upper surface side wefts (1'U, 2'U, 4'U, 7'U, 9'U). Upper surface side warp 4U also passes above binding wefts (5'B, 10'B).

[0025] Binder warp 4B passes under lower surface side weft 6'L to form a knuckle, and forms knuckle N1 passing over upper surface side weft 1'U. Binder warp 4B passes under one lower surface side weft and over three lower surface side wefts relative to lower surface side wefts (1'L, 3'L, 6'L, 8'L), forming knuckles at regular intervals with respect to the lower surface side fabric, and is woven in without disrupting the back surface design. Binder warp 4B passes under binding wefts (5'B, 10'B).

[0026] The binding warp 4B passes above the upper surface side weft 1'U for binding to the upper surface side fabric, forms only one knuckle N1 on the surface side, and passes below the upper surface side wefts (2'U to 4'U, 6'U to 9'U).

[0027] The pair of upper surface side warp 4U and binding warp 4B has a common weave pattern with the upper surface side warps (1U-3U, 5U-7U) and lower surface side warps (1L-3L, 5L-7L) except for the binding wefts (5'B, 10'B). In other words, the pair of upper surface side warp 4U and binding warp 4B has a weave pattern in which it is woven above and below the upper surface side wefts (1'U-4'U, 6'U-9'U) except for the binding wefts (5'B, 10'B), and has a weave pattern in which it is woven below one lower surface side weft and above three lower surface side wefts (1'L, 3'L, 6'L, 8'L) Although the weaving position of the pair of upper surface side warps 8U and binding warps 8B is shifted in the warp direction, they have the same weaving pattern as the pair of upper surface side warps 4U and binding warps 4B and perform the same function.

[0028] At the position where the binding warp thread 4B forms the knuckle N1 on the surface side, the upper surface side warp thread 4U passes under the upper surface side weft thread 1'U and does not form a knuckle on the surface side, but functions as an upper surface side breaking thread 4U that breaks up part of the upper surface design.

[0029] The upper surface side warps 4U and the binding warps 4B complement each other in the surface design of the upper surface side fabric, forming a surface design similar to that of the upper surface side warps (1U-3U, 5U-7U) other than the upper surface side warp 4U (upper surface side collapsing thread), and forming the same number of knuckles in the upper surface side design as the upper surface side warps (1U-3U, 5U-7U) other than the upper surface side collapsing thread 4U. In this way, the pairs of upper surface side warps 4U and binding warps 4B complement each other to form weave patterns for one upper surface side warp and one lower surface side warp, respectively. Note that the weave pattern of the upper surface side warp 4U and the binding warp 4B does not include binding wefts (5'B, 10'B). This prevents the binding warp 4B from deteriorating the surface properties of the upper surface side fabric. Furthermore, by binding with a pair of upper surface side breaking threads 4U and binding warp threads 4B, deterioration in surface properties can be suppressed compared to when pairs of binding warp threads are provided above and below.

[0030] The upper surface side warps (1U to 8U) and binding warps (4B, 8B) weave with the upper surface side wefts (1'U to 4'U, 6'U to 9'U) to form an upper surface side fabric formed in a predetermined weaving pattern for each warp row. In other words, the upper surface side warps (1U to 8U) and binding warps (4B, 8B) form knuckles spaced at regular intervals in the upper surface side fabric. This makes it possible to prevent deterioration in the surface properties of the upper surface side fabric.

[0031] The lower side warps (1L-3L, 5L-7L) and binding warps (4B, 8B) weave with the lower side wefts (1'L, 3'L, 6'L, 8'L) to form a lower side fabric formed in a predetermined weaving pattern for each warp row. In other words, the lower side warps (1L-3L, 5L-7L) and binding warps (4B, 8B) form knuckles spaced at regular intervals in the lower side fabric. This prevents deterioration in the surface properties of the lower side fabric.

[0032] The upper surface side warps (1U to 8U) and the binding warps (4B, 8B) are formed with the same diameter, but in another embodiment, they may be formed with different diameters. Since the binding warps (4B, 8B) also appear on the upper surface side, by making them the same diameter as the upper surface side warps (1U to 8U), deterioration of the surface properties can be suppressed. The diameter of the lower surface side warps may be larger than that of the upper surface side warps. By making the diameter of the lower surface side warps larger than that of the upper surface side warps, the rigidity and warp elongation properties of the industrial woven fabric 10 can be improved.

[0033] Figure 3(a) shows a configuration in which a pair of upper surface side weft 3'U and lower surface side weft 3'L is woven with upper surface side warps, lower surface side warps, and binding warps. As shown in Figure 3(a), upper surface side weft 3'U is woven above and below the upper surface side warps (1U to 8U), passing above the upper surface side warps (2U, 4U, 6U, 8U) to form knuckles, and passing below the upper surface side warps (1U, 3U, 5U, 7U). Upper surface side wefts (2'U, 4'U, 7'U to 9'U) have the same weaving pattern as upper surface side weft 3'U, and are woven above and below the upper surface side warps (1U to 8U), one by one. Furthermore, upper surface side wefts (1'U, 6'U) have the same weaving pattern as upper surface side weft 3'U, but are woven with upper surface side warps (1U to 8U) and binding warps.

[0034] Lower surface side weft 3'L passes under six lower surface side warps (1L-3L, 4B, 5L, 8B) to form a long knuckle, then passes over two lower surface side warps (6L, 7L). The lower surface side warps include not only lower surface side warps (1L-3L, 5L-7L) but also binding warps (4B, 8B). Lower surface side wefts (1'L, 6'L, 8'L) include those whose weaving position is shifted weftwise compared to lower surface side weft 3'L, but have the same weaving pattern as lower surface side weft 3'L, and pass under six lower surface side warps to form a long knuckle, then pass over two lower surface side warps.

[0035] Figure 3(b) shows a form in which binding weft 5'B is woven into upper surface side warps and lower surface side warps. Binder weft 5'B passes over six lower surface side warps (1L, 4B, 5L to 7L, 8B) and under two lower surface side warps (2L, 3L) to form a knuckle. Binder weft 5'B passes over upper surface side warp 6U to form a knuckle, and then passes under the other upper surface side warps (1U to 5U, 7U, 8U). In other words, binding weft 5'B forms one knuckle in the upper surface side design and one knuckle in the lower surface side design.

[0036] The binding weft 5'B forms a knuckle N2 that passes over two or less upper surface side warps 6U among the upper surface side warps (1U to 8U). In other words, the binding weft 5'B does not form a knuckle that passes over three or more upper surface side warps in succession among the upper surface side warps (1U to 8U). The knuckle N2 formed by the binding weft 5'B on the upper surface passes over one upper surface side warp 6U. This reduces the portion of the binding weft 5'B exposed to the upper surface, improving the durability of the binding weft 5'B and reducing damage to the binding weft 5'B due to high-pressure showers and the like installed in the papermaking machine. Furthermore, reducing the portion of the binding weft 5'B exposed to the back surface reduces wear on the binding weft due to the drive rolls and suction boxes of the papermaking machine. Furthermore, binding weft 5'B forms a knuckle that passes under the lower surface side warps and binding warps, i.e., under two or less lower surface side warps (2L, 3L) among the lower surface side warps (1L-3L, 4B, 5L-7L, 8B). This reduces the portion of binding weft 5'B exposed on the lower surface. Although binding weft 10'B is weaved in a position offset in the weft direction compared to binding weft 5'B, it has a similar weaving pattern and performs the same function.

[0037] The industrial fabric 10 is bound by binding wefts (5'B, 10'B) spaced apart in the warp direction and a set of binding warps (4B, 8B) and upper surface side warps, and can be bound with an appropriate binding force that can suppress internal abrasion of the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric. By binding with binding wefts that are not incorporated into the weaving pattern in addition to binding with binding warps, it is possible to set an appropriate binding force rather than simply increasing the number of binding warps, and suppress deterioration of surface texture and breathability.

[0038] The binding wefts (5'B, 10'B) are arranged so as not to be adjacent to each other in the warp direction, which distributes the binding positions, suppresses the inhibition of dehydration due to binding, and improves breathability.

[0039] The diameter of the binding wefts (5'B, 10'B) is set to be smaller than the diameter of the lower surface side wefts (1'L, 3'L, 6'L, 8'L), for example, to be half or less. This makes it possible to prevent deviation of the predetermined weaving pattern without including the binding wefts (5'B, 10'B) in the predetermined weaving pattern of each warp.

[0040] Furthermore, the binding wefts (5'B, 10'B) are configured to be less exposed to the surface than the lower surface side wefts (1'L, 3'L, 6'L, 8'L). The binding wefts (5'B, 10'B) are exposed to the surface of the lower surface by passing under two of the warps (1L, 4B, 5L to 7L, 8B) located on the lower surface side, whereas the lower surface side wefts (1'L, 3'L, 6'L, 8'L) are exposed to the surface of the lower surface by passing under six of the warps (1L, 4B, 5L to 7L, 8B) located on the lower surface side. This makes it possible to prevent wear of the binding wefts (5'B, 10'B) which have a smaller diameter.

[0041] The number of all warp threads (1U to 8U, 1L to 3L, 4B, 5L to 7L, 8B) that make up the complete design is a multiple of 4. This allows for weaving methods such as plain weave, twill weave, 2 / 2 weave (where two threads are woven alternately), 1 / 2 weave, and 1 / 4 weave.

[0042] [Second embodiment] Fig. 4 is a design diagram showing the complete design of an industrial fabric 20 according to the second embodiment. Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view in the warp direction along the warp yarns in the design diagram shown in Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view in the weft direction along the weft yarns in the design diagram shown in Fig. 4.

[0043] The industrial fabric 20 according to the second embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is formed by bonding an upper surface side fabric including upper surface side warps (1U-3U, 5U-7U) and upper surface side wefts (1'U-3'U, 5'U-8'U, 10'U-13'U, 15'U-18'U, 20'U) and a lower surface side fabric including lower surface side warps (1L-3L, 5L-7L) and lower surface side wefts (1'L, 3'L, 6'L, 8'L, 11'L, 13'L, 16'L, 18'L) together with first bonding warps (4Bf, 8Bf), second bonding warps (4Bs, 8Bs) and bonding wefts (4'B, 9'B, 14'B, 19'B). When there is no distinction between the first binding warp threads (4Bf, 8Bf) and the second binding warp threads (4Bs, 8Bs), they are simply called binding warp threads.

[0044] Upper surface side wefts (1'U to 3'U, 5'U to 8'U, 10'U to 13'U, 15'U to 18'U, 20'U) form part of the upper surface side fabric. Lower surface side wefts (1'L, 3'L, 6'L, 8'L, 11'L, 13'L, 16'L, 18'L) form part of the lower surface side fabric. Binder warps (4Bf, 4Bs, 8Bf, 8Bs) bind the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric together, and form part of the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric, respectively. Binder wefts (4'B, 9'B, 14'B, 19'B) bind the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric together, but are not included in the weaving pattern of the upper surface side warps and the binding warps.

[0045] Fig. 5(a) shows a pattern in which a pair of upper surface side warp 1U and lower surface side warp 1L is woven with upper surface side weft, lower surface side weft, and binding weft. As shown in Fig. 5(a), upper surface side warp 1U passes over one upper surface side weft with respect to upper surface side wefts (1'U to 3'U, 5'U to 8'U, 10'U to 13'U, 15'U to 18'U, 20'U), forming a knuckle, and then passes under three upper surface side wefts, and these patterns are woven alternately. Also, although the weaving pattern in which upper surface side warp 1U is woven with upper surface side wefts does not include binding wefts, upper surface side warp 1U passes over binding wefts (4'B, 9'B, 19'B) and under binding weft 14'B.

[0046] Upper surface side warp 5U has the same weaving pattern as upper surface side warp 1U, and has a weaving pattern in which it alternately passes over one upper surface side weft and under three upper surface side wefts. Upper surface side warps (2U, 3U, 6U, 7U) have the same weaving pattern as upper surface side warp 1U, and has a weaving pattern in which it alternately passes over one upper surface side weft and under three upper surface side wefts.

[0047] In this way, the upper surface side warps (1U to 3U, 5U to 7U) have the same weaving pattern except for the binding wefts (4'B, 9'B, 14'B, 19'B), and form knuckles at regular intervals with the upper surface side wefts (1'U to 3'U, 5'U to 8'U, 10'U to 13'U, 15'U to 18'U, 20'U) and are woven in without disrupting the surface weave. The upper surface side warps (1U to 3U, 5U to 7U) do not weave in the lower surface side wefts, but weave in only the upper surface side wefts and binding wefts to form part of the upper surface side fabric. The upper surface side warps (1U to 3U, 5U to 7U) have a common weaving pattern with the wefts except for the binding wefts (4'B, 9'B, 14'B, 19'B).

[0048] Lower side warp 1L passes under lower side wefts (6'L, 13'L) to form knuckles, and between these knuckles passes over two lower side wefts (8'L, 11'L) and over four lower side wefts (1'L, 3'L, 16'L, 18'L). Lower side warp 1L also passes under binding wefts (9'B, 14'B, 19'B) and over binding weft 4'B. Lower side warps (2L, 3L, 5L to 7L) have the same weaving pattern as lower side warp 1L, and are woven in by passing under one lower side weft, over two lower side wefts, under one lower side weft, and over four lower side wefts. In this way, the lower side warps (1L to 3L, 5L to 7L) do not interweave with the upper side wefts, but interweave only with the lower side wefts and binding wefts to form part of the lower side fabric.

[0049] The lower surface side warps (1L-3L, 5L-7L) also have a common weaving pattern excluding the binding wefts (4'B, 9'B, 14'B, 19'B), and have an weaving pattern in which they pass under one lower surface side weft, over two lower surface side wefts, under one lower surface side weft, and over four lower surface side wefts. Thus, the binding wefts (4'B, 9'B, 14'B, 19'B) are not included in the weaving patterns of the upper surface side warps and lower surface side warps.

[0050] Figure 5(b) shows a form in which a pair of first binding warp 4Bf and second binding warp 4Bs is woven into upper surface side weft, lower surface side weft, and binding weft. The first binding warp 4Bf and second binding warp 4Bs form a pair facing each other above and below, and cross each other for binding. The arrangement of the upper surface side weft, lower surface side weft, and binding weft shown in Figure 5(b) is the same as the arrangement of the wefts shown in Figure 5(a).

[0051] First binding warp 4Bf passes above upper surface side wefts (3'U, 13'U, 18'U) to form three knuckles, and passes below upper surface side wefts (1'U, 2'U, 5'U to 8'U, 10'U to 12'U, 15'U to 17'U, 20'U). First binding warp 4Bf passes above binding wefts (4'B, 14'B, 19'B) and below binding weft 9'B. First binding warp 4Bf passes below lower surface side weft 8'L to form one knuckle, and passes above lower surface side wefts other than lower surface side weft 8'L.

[0052] The second binding warp 4Bs passes above upper surface side weft 8'U to form one knuckle, and also passes below lower surface side weft 16'L to form another knuckle. The second binding warp 4Bs passes below upper surface side wefts other than upper surface side weft 8'U, and above lower surface side wefts other than lower surface side weft 16'L. The second binding warp 4Bs passes below binding wefts (4'B, 14'B, 19'B) and above binding weft 9'B.

[0053] The pair of first binding warp 4Bf and second binding warp 4Bs has a weaving pattern in which, except for the binding wefts (4'B, 9'B, 14'B, 19'B), the upper surface side wefts (1'U to 3'U, 5'U to 8'U, 10'U to 13'U, 15'U to 18'U, 20'U) are woven alternately above one upper surface side weft and below three upper surface side wefts. The pair of first binding warp 4Bf and second binding warp 4Bs has a weaving pattern in which, except for the binding wefts (4'B, 9'B, 14'B, 19'B), the pair passes under one lower surface side weft, over two lower surface side wefts, under one lower surface side weft, and over four lower surface side wefts with respect to the lower surface side wefts (1'L, 3'L, 6'L, 8'L, 11'L, 13'L, 16'L, 18'L).

[0054] In this way, the pair of first binding warp 4Bf and second binding warp 4Bs has a common weaving pattern with the upper surface side warps (1U-3U, 5U-7U) and lower surface side warps (1L-3L, 5L-7L), except for the binding wefts (4'B, 9'B, 14'B, 19'B). This improves the surface properties of the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric. Note that the pair of first binding warp 8Bf and second binding warp 8Bs has the same weaving pattern as the pair of first binding warp 4Bf and second binding warp 4Bs, and exhibits the same function, although the weaving position is shifted in the warp direction.

[0055] The pair of first binding warp threads (4Bf, 8Bf) and second binding warp threads (4Bs, 8Bs) weaves the upper surface side weft to form an upper surface side fabric formed in a predetermined weaving pattern for each warp row. In other words, the upper surface side warp threads, the first binding warp threads, and the second binding warp threads form knuckles spaced at regular intervals in the upper surface side fabric. This makes it possible to prevent deterioration in the surface properties of the upper surface side fabric.

[0056] A pair of the first binding warp threads (4Bf, 8Bf) and the second binding warp threads (4Bs, 8Bs) weaves the lower side weft to form a lower side fabric formed in a predetermined weaving pattern for each warp row. In other words, the lower side warp threads, the first binding warp threads, and the second binding warp threads form knuckles spaced at regular intervals in the lower side fabric. This makes it possible to prevent deterioration in the surface properties of the lower side fabric.

[0057] The upper surface side warps (1U-3U, 5U-7U), the first binding warps (4Bf, 8Bf), and the second binding warps (4Bs, 8Bs) are formed with the same diameter, but in another embodiment, they may be formed with different diameters. Since the first binding warps (4Bf, 8Bf) and the second binding warps (4Bs, 8Bs) also appear on the upper surface side, making them the same diameter as the upper surface side warps (1U-3U, 5U-7U) can prevent a decrease in surface quality. The diameter of the lower surface side warps may be larger than that of the upper surface side warps. Making the diameter of the lower surface side warps larger than that of the upper surface side warps can improve the rigidity and warp elongation properties of the industrial fabric 10.

[0058] In the industrial woven fabric 10 shown in Fig. 1, binding is performed using a pair of binding warp threads and upper surface side warp threads, but in the industrial woven fabric 20 shown in Fig. 4, binding is performed using a pair of first binding warp threads and second binding warp threads. By binding the first binding warp threads and second binding warp threads above and below each other, the binding strength can be increased. In either embodiment, the binding warp thread constitutes at least one of the two warp threads arranged above and below each other.

[0059] Fig. 6(a) shows a configuration in which a pair of upper surface side weft 1'U and lower surface side weft 1'L is woven with upper surface side warps and lower surface side warps. As shown in Fig. 6(a), upper surface side weft 1'U is woven alternately above one warp and below three warps located on the upper surface side (1U to 3U, 4Bf, 5U to 7U, 8Bf), passes above the upper surface side warps (3U, 7U) to form two knuckles, and passes below the upper surface side warps (1U, 2U, 5U, 6U) and the first binding warp (4Bf, 8Bf). The other upper surface side wefts (2'U, 3'U, 5'U to 8'U, 10'U to 13'U, 15'U to 18'U, 20'U) have the same weaving pattern as upper surface side weft 1'U, and are woven alternately above one warp and below three warps relative to the upper surface side warp and the first binding warp, passing above the upper surface side warp to form two knuckles.

[0060] Lower surface side weft 1'L passes under six consecutive lower surface side warps (1L, 4Bs, 5L to 7L, 8Bs), forming a long knuckle, and passes over two consecutive lower surface side warps (2L, 3L). Some lower surface side wefts (3'L, 6'L, 8'L, 11'L, 13'L, 16'L, 18'L) are weaved in positions offset weftwise compared to lower surface side weft 1'L, but have the same weaving pattern as lower surface side weft 1'L, passing under six lower surface side warps, forming a long knuckle, and passing over two lower surface side warps.

[0061] Fig. 6(b) shows a form in which binding weft 9'B is woven into upper surface side warp, lower surface side warp, and binding warp. Note that the arrangement of the upper surface side warp, lower surface side warp, first binding warp, and second binding warp shown in Fig. 6(b) is the same as that of Fig. 6(b), except that the first binding warp 4Bf and the second binding warp 4Bs are upside down.

[0062] Binder weft 9'B passes over six lower surface side warps (1L-3L, 4Bf, 5L, 8Bs) and under two lower surface side warps (6L, 7L), forming a knuckle. Binder weft 9'B passes over upper surface side warp 3U, forming a knuckle, and passes under the other upper surface side warps (1U, 2U, 4Bs, 5U-7U, 8Bf). In other words, binder weft 9'B forms one knuckle in the upper surface side design and one knuckle in the lower surface side design.

[0063] The binding weft 9'B forms a knuckle N2 that passes over two or less upper surface side warps 3U among the warps (1U to 3U, 4Bs, 5U to 7U, 8Bf) located on the upper surface side. In other words, the binding weft 9'B does not form a knuckle that passes over three or more consecutive warps among the warps (1U to 3U, 4Bs, 5U to 7U, 8Bf) located on the upper surface side. The knuckle N2 formed by the binding weft 9'B on the upper surface side passes over one upper surface side warp 3U. This reduces the portion of the binding weft 9'B exposed on the upper surface, improving the durability of the binding weft 9'B. Note that although the binding wefts (4'B, 14'B, 19'B) are weaved in positions that are shifted in the weft direction compared to the binding weft 9'B, they have a similar weaving pattern and perform the same function.

[0064] The industrial fabric 20 is bound by binding wefts (4'B, 9'B, 14'B, 19'B) spaced apart in the warp direction and pairs of first binding warp threads (4Bf, 8Bf) and second binding warp threads (4Bs, 8Bs), and can therefore be bound with an appropriate binding force that can suppress internal abrasion of the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric. By binding with binding wefts that are not incorporated into the weaving pattern in addition to binding with binding warp threads, it is possible to set an appropriate binding force rather than simply increasing the number of binding warp threads.

[0065] The binding wefts (4'B, 9'B, 14'B, 19'B) are arranged so as not to be adjacent to each other in the warp direction. This distributes the binding positions, suppresses the inhibition of dehydration due to binding, and improves breathability.

[0066] The diameter of the binding wefts (4'B, 9'B, 14'B, 19'B) is set to be smaller than the diameter of the lower surface side wefts (1'L, 3'L, 6'L, 8'L, 11'L, 13'L, 16'L, 18'L), for example, to be half or less. This makes it possible to prevent deviation of the predetermined weaving pattern even if the binding wefts (4'B, 9'B, 14'B, 19'B) are not included in the predetermined weaving pattern of each warp.

[0067] In addition, the binding wefts (4'B, 9'B, 14'B, 19'B) are configured to be less exposed to the surface than the lower surface side wefts (1'L, 3'L, 6'L, 8'L, 11'L, 13'L, 16'L, 18'L), thereby preventing wear of the binding wefts (4'B, 9'B, 14'B, 19'B) which have a smaller diameter.

[0068] [Third embodiment] Fig. 7 is a design diagram showing the complete design of an industrial woven fabric 30 according to a third embodiment. The industrial woven fabric 30 according to the third embodiment differs from the industrial woven fabric 10 shown in Fig. 1 in that it has a larger number of wefts, with 24 weft rows. Another difference is that, while the binding wefts of the industrial woven fabric 10 shown in Fig. 1 are arranged with four consecutive upper surface side wefts sandwiched between them, the binding wefts of the industrial woven fabric 30 are arranged with two consecutive upper surface side wefts sandwiched between them. Increasing the number of binding wefts can improve the binding strength.

[0069] On the other hand, the industrial fabric 30 is the same as the industrial fabric 10 shown in FIG. 1 in that the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric are bound together by a set of upper surface side breaking yarns and binding warp yarns, and binding weft yarns.

[0070] [Fourth embodiment] Fig. 8 is a design diagram showing the complete design of an industrial woven fabric 40 according to the fourth embodiment. The industrial woven fabric 40 according to the fourth embodiment differs from the industrial woven fabric 10 shown in Fig. 1 in that it has a larger number of wefts, i.e., 12 weft rows. Also, while the binding wefts of the industrial woven fabric 10 shown in Fig. 1 are arranged with four consecutive upper surface side wefts sandwiched therebetween, the binding wefts of the industrial woven fabric 40 are arranged with two consecutive upper surface side wefts sandwiched therebetween.

[0071] On the other hand, the industrial fabric 40 is the same as the industrial fabric 10 shown in FIG. 1 in that the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric are bound together by a set of upper surface side breaking yarns and binding warp yarns, and binding weft yarns.

[0072] [Fifth embodiment] Fig. 9 is a design diagram showing the complete design of an industrial woven fabric 50 according to the fifth embodiment. Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view in the warp direction along the warp yarns in the design diagram shown in Fig. 9. Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view in the weft direction along the weft yarns in the design diagram shown in Fig. 9.

[0073] The industrial fabric 50 according to the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 9 includes an upper surface side fabric including upper surface side warps (1U to 12U) and upper surface side wefts (1'U, 2'U, 5'U, 6'U, 9'U, 10'U, 13'U, 14'U, 17'U, 18'U, 21'U, 22'U), and a lower surface side fabric including lower surface side warps (1L, 2L, 5L, 6L, 9L, 10L) and lower surface side wefts (1'L, 2'L, 5'L, 6'L, 9'L, 10'L, 11'L, 12'L, 13'L, 14'L, 15'L, 16'L, 17'L, 18'L, 19'L, 20'L, 21'L, 22'U). The lower side fabric is composed of the lower fabric including the first binding warp threads (3B, 4B, 7B, 8B, 11B, 12B), the first binding weft threads (3'Bf, 7'Bf, 11'Bf, 15'Bf, 19'Bf, 23'Bf), and the second binding weft threads (4'Bs, 8'Bs, 12'Bs, 16'Bs, 20'Bs, 24'Bs). When the first binding weft threads and the second binding weft threads are not distinguished, they are simply called binding wefts.

[0074] Upper surface side wefts (1'U, 2'U, 5'U, 6'U, 9'U, 10'U, 13'U, 14'U, 17'U, 18'U, 21'U, 22'U) form part of the upper surface side fabric. Lower surface side wefts (1'L, 2'L, 5'L, 6'L, 9'L, 10'L, 13'L, 14'L, 17'L, 18'L, 21'L, 22'L) form part of the lower surface side fabric. Binder warps (3B, 4B, 7B, 8B, 11B, 12B) bind the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric together, and form part of the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric, respectively. The first binding wefts (3'Bf, 7'Bf, 11'Bf, 15'Bf, 19'Bf, 23'Bf) and the second binding wefts (4'Bs, 8'Bs, 12'Bs, 16'Bs, 20'Bs, 24'Bs) bind the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric together to form a weaving pattern for one upper surface side weft, and therefore, unlike the industrial fabrics of the first to fourth embodiments, are included in the weaving patterns of the upper surface side warps and binding warps.

[0075] Figure 10(a) shows a configuration in which a pair of upper surface side warp 1U and lower surface side warp 1L is woven with an upper surface side weft, a lower surface side weft, and a binding weft. The arrangements of the upper surface side weft, lower surface side weft, and binding weft shown in Figure 10(a) and Figure 10(b) are the same. The upper surface side warp 1U and lower surface side warp 1L are arranged facing each other vertically.

[0076] As shown in Figure 10(a), upper surface side warp 1U is connected to wefts located on the upper surface side, including upper surface side wefts (1'U, 2'U, 5'U, 6'U, 9'U, 10'U, 13'U, 14'U, 17'U, 18'U, 21'U, 22'U), first binding wefts (3'Bf, 7'Bf, 11'Bf, 15'Bf, 19'Bf, 23'Bf) and second binding wefts (4'Bs, 8'Bs, 12'Bs, 16'Bs, 20'Bs, 24'Bs). In contrast, each warp is woven one above the other, passing over the upper surface side wefts (2'U, 5'U, 10'U, 13'U, 18'U, 21'U) and binding wefts (4'Bs, 7'Bf, 8'Bs, 11'Bf, 15'Bf, 16'Bs, 20'Bs, 23'Bf, 24'Bs), and under the upper surface side wefts (1'U, 6'U, 9'U, 14'U, 17'U, 22'U) and binding wefts (3'Bf, 12'Bs, 19'Bf). Upper surface side warp 1U passes over the upper surface side wefts (2'U, 5'U, 10'U, 13'U, 18'U, 21'U) and binding wefts (7'Bf, 16'Bs, 23'Bf) to form a knuckle.

[0077] The upper surface side warps (2U, 5U, 6U, 9U, 10U) include those whose weaving positions are shifted in the warp direction compared to upper surface side warp 1U, but have the same weaving pattern as upper surface side warp 1U, and are woven one above and one below the wefts located on the upper side, including upper surface side wefts (1'U, 2'U, 5'U, 6'U, 9'U, 10'U, 13'U, 14'U, 17'U, 18'U, 21'U, 22'U), first binding wefts (3'Bf, 7'Bf, 11'Bf, 15'Bf, 19'Bf, 23'Bf) and second binding wefts (4'Bs, 8'Bs, 12'Bs, 16'Bs, 20'Bs, 24'Bs). In this way, the upper surface side warps (1U, 2U, 5U, 6U, 9U, 10U) have the same weaving pattern and form knuckles at regular intervals with the upper surface side wefts (1'U, 2'U, 5'U, 6'U, 9'U, 10'U, 13'U, 14'U, 17'U, 18'U, 21'U, 22'U), first binding wefts (3'Bf, 7'Bf, 11'Bf, 15'Bf, 19'Bf, 23'Bf) and second binding wefts (4'Bs, 8'Bs, 12'Bs, 16'Bs, 20'Bs, 24'Bs) and are woven alternately without disrupting the surface weave. The upper surface side warps do not weave with the lower surface side wefts, but weave only with the upper surface side wefts and binding wefts to form part of the upper surface side fabric.

[0078] Lower side warp 1L passes under lower side wefts (1'L, 6'L, 13'L, 18'L) and binding wefts (3'Bf, 7'Bf, 8'Bs, 11'Bf, 12'Bs, 16'Bs, 19'Bf, 20'Bs, 23'Bf, 24'Bs), and over lower side wefts (2'L, 5'L, 9'L, 10'L, 14'L, 17'L, 21'L, 22'L) and binding wefts (4'Bs, 15'Bf). Lower side warp 1L passes alternately under one lower side weft and over two lower side wefts.

[0079] The lower surface side warps (2L, 5L, 6L, 9L, 10L) include those whose weaving positions are shifted in the warp direction from lower surface side warp 1L, but have the same weaving pattern as lower surface side warp 1L, and are woven by passing alternately under one lower surface side weft and over two lower surface side wefts. In this way, the lower surface side warps (1L, 2L, 5L, 6L, 9L, 10L) do not weave through all upper surface side wefts, but only weave through lower surface side wefts and binding wefts to form part of the lower surface side fabric.

[0080] The upper surface side warps (1U, 2U, 5U, 6U, 9U, 10U) have a common weaving pattern in which they are woven one above and one below the wefts located on the upper surface side, including not only the upper surface side wefts (1'U, 2'U, 5'U, 6'U, 9'U, 10'U, 13'U, 14'U, 17'U, 18'U, 21'U, 22'U), but also the first binding wefts (3'Bf, 7'Bf, 11'Bf, 15'Bf, 19'Bf, 23'Bf) and the second binding wefts (4'Bs, 8'Bs, 12'Bs, 16'Bs, 20'Bs, 24'Bs).

[0081] In addition, the lower surface side warps (1L, 2L, 5L, 6L, 9L, 10L) also have a common weaving pattern in which they are woven alternately under one lower surface side weft and over two lower surface side wefts relative to the lower surface side wefts.

[0082] 10(b) shows a form in which a pair of upper surface side warp 4U and binding warp 4B is woven with upper surface side weft, lower surface side weft, and binding weft. Upper surface side warp 4U and binding warp 4B form a pair facing each other above and below, and cross each other due to binding by binding warp 4B.

[0083] Upper surface side warp 4U passes above upper surface side wefts (1'U, 9'U, 14'U, 17'U, 22'U) and binding wefts (3'Bf, 4'Bs, 8'Bs, 11'Bf, 12'Bs, 16'Bs, 19'Bf, 20'Bs, 23'Bf), and below upper surface side wefts (2'U, 5'U, 6'U, 10'U, 13'U, 18'U, 21'U) and binding wefts (7'Bf, 15'Bf, 24'Bs).

[0084] Binder warp 4B passes under lower surface side wefts (2'L, 9'L, 14'L, 21'L) and binder wefts (3'Bf, 4'Bs, 7'Bf, 8'Bs, 11'Bf, 15'Bf, 16'Bs, 19'Bf, 20'Bs, 24'Bs) and forms knuckles N1 passing over upper surface side weft 6'U. Binder warp 4B passes alternately under one lower surface side weft and over two lower surface side wefts with respect to lower surface side wefts (1'L, 2'L, 5'L, 6'L, 9'L, 10'L, 13'L, 14'L, 17'L, 18'L, 21'L, 22'L), forming knuckles at regular intervals with respect to the lower surface side wefts and is woven in without disrupting the back surface design. The binding warp yarn 4B passes above the binding weft yarns (12'Bs, 23'Bf).

[0085] The binding warp 4B passes above the upper surface side weft 6'U for binding to the upper surface side fabric, forms only one knuckle N1 on the surface side, and passes below the upper surface side wefts other than the upper surface side weft 6'U.

[0086] The pair of upper surface side warp 4U and binding warp 4B has the same weave pattern as the upper surface side warp (1U, 2U, 5U, 6U, 9U, 10U) and the lower surface side warp (1L, 2L, 5L, 6L, 9L, 10L). In other words, the pair of upper surface side warp 4U and binding warp 4B has a weave pattern in which they are woven one above and one below the wefts located on the upper surface side, including the upper surface side weft, the first binding weft, and the second binding weft. The pair of upper surface side warp (3U, 7U, 8U, 11U, 12U) and binding warp (3B, 7B, 8B, 11B, 12B) has a weave pattern similar to that of the pair of upper surface side warp 4U and binding warp 4B, and exhibits the same function, although the weave positions are shifted in the warp direction.

[0087] At the position where the binding warp thread 4B forms the knuckle N1 on the surface side, the upper surface side warp thread 4U passes under the upper surface side weft thread 6'U and does not form a knuckle on the surface side, but functions as an upper surface side breaking thread 4U that breaks up part of the upper surface design.

[0088] The upper surface side warp 4U (upper surface side collapsing yarn) and the binding warp 4B complement each other's surface design of the upper surface side fabric, forming a surface design similar to that of the upper surface side warp threads other than the upper surface side collapsing yarn 4U, and forming knuckles in the upper surface side wefts with the same number as the upper surface side warp threads other than the upper surface side collapsing yarn 4U. In this way, the pair of the upper surface side warp 4U and the binding warp 4B complement each other to form a weave pattern for one upper surface side warp (1U, 2U, 5U, 6U, 9U, 10U) and one lower surface side warp (1L, 2L, 5L, 6L, 9L, 10L), respectively. This prevents the binding warp 4B from deteriorating the surface properties of the upper surface side fabric. Furthermore, binding using the pair of the upper surface side collapsing yarn 4U and the binding warp 4B prevents the surface properties from deteriorating compared to when pairs of binding warps are provided above and below.

[0089] The upper surface side warps (1U to 12U) and binding warps (3B, 4B, 7B, 8B, 11B, 12B) weave with the wefts located on the upper surface side, including the upper surface side weft, the first binding weft, and the second binding weft, to form an upper surface side fabric formed in a predetermined weaving pattern for each warp row. In other words, the upper surface side warps (1U to 12U) and binding warps (3B, 4B, 7B, 8B, 11B, 12B) form knuckles spaced at regular intervals in the upper surface side fabric. This prevents deterioration in the surface properties of the upper surface side fabric.

[0090] The lower side warps (1L, 2L, 5L, 6L, 9L, 10L) and binding warps (3B, 4B, 7B, 8B, 11B, 12B) weave with the wefts located on the lower side, including the lower side weft, the first binding weft, and the second binding weft, to form a lower side fabric formed in a predetermined weaving pattern for each warp row. In other words, the lower side warps (1L, 2L, 5L, 6L, 9L, 10L) and binding warps (3B, 4B, 7B, 8B, 11B, 12B) form knuckles spaced at regular intervals in the lower side fabric. This prevents deterioration in the surface properties of the lower side fabric.

[0091] The upper surface side warps (1U to 12U) and the binding warps (3B, 4B, 7B, 8B, 11B, 12B) are formed with the same diameter, but in another embodiment, they may be formed with different diameters. Since the binding warps also appear on the upper surface side, making them the same diameter as the upper surface side warps can prevent a decrease in surface quality. The diameter of the lower surface side warps may be larger than that of the upper surface side warps. Making the diameter of the lower surface side warps larger than that of the upper surface side warps can improve the rigidity and warp elongation properties of the industrial fabric 10.

[0092] The pair of upper surface side warps 3U and binding warps 3B is adjacent to the pair of upper surface side warps 4U and binding warps 4B in the weft direction, thereby increasing the binding strength of the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric.

[0093] Fig. 11(a) shows a configuration in which a pair of upper surface side weft 2'U and lower surface side weft 2'L is woven with upper surface side warps, lower surface side warps, and binding warps. As shown in Fig. 11(a), upper surface side weft 2'U is woven above and below the upper surface side warps (1U to 12U), passing above the upper surface side warps (1U, 3U, 5U, 7U, 9U, 11U) to form knuckles, and passing below the upper surface side warps (2U, 4U, 6U, 8U, 10U, 12U). The other upper surface side wefts (1'U, 5'U, 6'U, 9'U, 10'U, 13'U, 14'U, 17'U, 18'U, 21'U, 22'U) have the same weaving pattern as upper surface side weft 2'U, and are woven one above and one below the upper surface side warps (1U to 12U) and binding warps. Depending on the upper surface side weft, the binding targets of the upper surface side fabric include not only the upper surface side warps but also the binding warps.

[0094] Lower side weft 2'L passes under four lower side warps (6L, 7B, 8B, 9L) and warps (1L, 2L, 3B, 12B) to form two knuckles, and passes over two lower side warps (4B, 5L) and warps (10L, 11B). The lower side warps include not only lower side warps but also binding warps. The other lower side wefts (1'L, 5'L, 6'L, 9'L, 10'L, 13'L, 14'L, 17'L, 18'L, 21'L, 22'L) are weaved in positions offset weftwise from lower side weft 2'L, but share the same weaving pattern as lower side weft 2'L, passing alternately under four lower side warps and over two lower side warps.

[0095] 11(b) shows a form in which the first binding weft 3'Bf and the second binding weft 4'Bs are woven with the upper surface side warps, lower surface side warps, and binding warps. The first binding weft 3'Bf passes above the upper surface side warps (1U, 3U, 11U) to form knuckles N2, and passes below the other upper surface side warps (2U, 4U to 10U, 12U). The first binding weft 3'Bf passes below two lower surface side warps (6L, 7B) to form knuckles N4, and passes above the other lower surface side warps (1L, 2L, 3B, 4B, 5L, 8B, 9L, 10L, 11B, 12B). In other words, the first binding weft 3'Bf forms three knuckles in the upper surface side design and one knuckle in the lower surface side design.

[0096] The second binding weft 4'Bs passes above the upper surface side warps (5U, 7U, 9U) to form knuckles N3, and passes below the other upper surface side warps (1U-4U, 6U, 8U, 10U-12U). The second binding weft 4'Bs passes below two lower surface side warps (1L, 12B) to form knuckles N5, and passes above the other lower surface side warps (2L, 3B, 4B, 5L, 6L, 7B, 8B, 9L, 10L, 11B). In other words, the second binding weft 4'Bs forms three knuckles in the upper surface side design and one knuckle in the lower surface side design, similar to the first binding weft 3'Bf.

[0097] The first binding weft 3'Bf and the second binding weft 4'Bs form knuckles (N2, N3) that pass over two or less upper surface side warps in succession among the upper surface side warps (1U to 12U). In other words, the first binding weft 3'Bf and the second binding weft 4'Bs do not form knuckles that pass over three or more upper surface side warps in succession among the upper surface side warps (1U to 12U). Each knuckle (N2, N3) formed on the upper surface by the first binding weft 3'Bf and the second binding weft 4'Bs is formed by passing over only one upper surface side warp. This makes it possible to prevent the first binding weft 3'Bf and the second binding weft 4'Bs from forming long knuckles on the upper surface. When used in a papermaking machine, industrial fabrics come into contact with the rolls and dewatering equipment, causing wear to the surface. However, by preventing the knuckles of the binding yarn from becoming too long, damage to the binding yarn due to wear can be reduced.

[0098] The first binding weft 3'Bf and the second binding weft 4'Bs form knuckles (N4, N5) that pass under two or fewer consecutive lower surface side warps among the lower surface side warps. In other words, the first binding weft 3'Bf and the second binding weft 4'Bs do not form knuckles that pass under three or more consecutive lower surface side warps among the lower surface side warps. Each knuckle (N4, N5) formed on the lower side by the first binding weft 3'Bf and the second binding weft 4'Bs is formed by passing under two consecutive lower surface side warps. This reduces the exposed area of ​​the first binding weft 3'Bf and the second binding weft 4'Bs, improving the durability of the first binding weft 3'Bf and the second binding weft 4'Bs. The other first binding wefts (7'Bf, 11'Bf, 15'Bf, 19'Bf, 23'Bf) and second binding wefts (8'Bs, 12'Bs, 16'Bs, 20'Bs, 24'Bs) have a similar weaving pattern and perform the same function, although their weaving positions are shifted in the weft direction compared to the first binding weft 3'Bf and second binding weft 4'Bs.

[0099] The first binding wefts (3'Bf, 7'Bf, 11'Bf, 15'Bf, 19'Bf, 23'Bf) and the second binding wefts (4'Bs, 8'Bs, 12'Bs, 16'Bs, 20'Bs, 24'Bs) are arranged in pairs adjacent to each other in the warp direction, thereby increasing the binding force that binds the upper and lower fabrics together.

[0100] A pair of adjacent first and second binding wefts forms a knuckle equivalent to one upper surface side weft on the surface of the upper side fabric. In other words, the number of knuckles formed on the surface of the upper side fabric by a pair of adjacent first and second binding wefts is the same as the number of knuckles formed on the surface of the upper side weft by one upper side weft. This makes it possible to prevent a decrease in the surface properties of the upper side fabric. A pair of adjacent first and second binding wefts forms a weaving pattern equivalent to one upper side weft on the surface of the upper side fabric.

[0101] The industrial fabric 50 is bound by a set of first binding wefts and second binding wefts and a set of binding warps and upper surface side warps, and can be bound with an appropriate binding force that can suppress internal wear of the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric. By binding with binding wefts in addition to binding with binding warps, it is possible to set an appropriate binding force rather than simply increasing the number of binding warps.

[0102] The diameters of the first and second binding wefts are set smaller than the diameter of the lower surface side weft, for example, to half or less. This makes it possible to prevent deviation of the predetermined weaving pattern without including the first and second binding wefts in the predetermined weaving pattern of each warp. The diameters of the first and second binding wefts may be the same as or smaller than the diameter of the upper surface side weft.

[0103] Furthermore, the pair of first and second binding wefts is configured to be less exposed to the lower surface than the lower surface side weft. The pair of first and second binding wefts passes under two consecutive warps located on the lower surface side and is exposed to the lower surface, whereas the lower surface side weft passes under four consecutive warps located on the lower surface side and is exposed to the lower surface. This makes it possible to prevent wear on the first and second binding wefts, which have smaller wire diameters.

[0104] [Sixth embodiment] Fig. 12 is a design diagram showing the complete design of an industrial woven fabric 60 according to the sixth embodiment. Fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view in the warp direction along the warp yarns in the design diagram shown in Fig. 12. Fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view in the weft direction along the weft yarns in the design diagram shown in Fig. 12.

[0105] The industrial fabric 60 according to the sixth embodiment shown in FIG. 12 is an upper surface side fabric including upper surface side warps (1U, 2U, 4U to 6U, 8U to 10U, 12U) and upper surface side wefts (1'U, 2'U, 5'U, 6'U, 9'U, 10'U, 13'U, 14'U, 17'U, 18'U, 21'U, 22'U), and a lower surface side fabric including lower surface side warps (1L, 2L, 4L to 6L, 8L to 10L, 12L) and lower surface side wefts (1'L, 2'L, 5'L, 6'L, 9'L, 10'U, 11'U, 12'U). The lower side fabric is composed of first binding warp threads (3Bf, 7Bf, 11Bf), second binding warp threads (3Bs, 7Bs, 11Bs), first binding weft threads (3'Bf, 7'Bf, 11'Bf, 15'Bf, 19'Bf, 23'Bf), and second binding weft threads (4'Bs, 8'Bs, 12'Bs, 16'Bs, 20'Bs, 24'Bs). When the first binding warp threads and second binding weft threads are not distinguished, they are simply referred to as binding warps, and when the first binding weft threads and second binding weft threads are not distinguished, they are simply referred to as binding wefts.

[0106] The first binding wefts (3'Bf, 7'Bf, 11'Bf, 15'Bf, 19'Bf, 23'Bf) and the second binding wefts (4'Bs, 8'Bs, 12'Bs, 16'Bs, 20'Bs, 24'Bs) bind the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric together to form a weaving pattern for one upper surface side weft, and are therefore included in the weaving pattern of the upper surface side warp and binding warp.

[0107] Figure 13(a) shows a configuration in which a pair of upper surface side warp 1U and lower surface side warp 1L is woven with an upper surface side weft, a lower surface side weft, and a binding weft. The arrangements of the upper surface side weft, lower surface side weft, and binding weft shown in Figure 13(a) and Figure 13(b) are the same. The upper surface side warp 1U and lower surface side warp 1L are arranged facing each other vertically.

[0108] As shown in Figure 13(a), upper surface side warp 1U is connected to upper surface side wefts (1'U, 2'U, 5'U, 6'U, 9'U, 10'U, 13'U, 14'U, 17'U, 18'U, 21'U, 22'U), first binding wefts (3'Bf, 7'Bf, 11'Bf, 15'Bf, 19'Bf, 23'Bf) and second binding wefts (4'Bs, 8'Bs, 12'Bs, 16'Bs, 20'Bs, It passes over the upper surface side wefts (2'U, 5'U, 10'U, 13'U, 18'U, 21'U) and binding wefts (7'Bf, 16'Bs, 23'Bf) to form knuckles, and passes under the upper surface side wefts (1'U, 6'U, 9'U, 14'U, 17'U, 22'U) and binding wefts (3'Bf, 12'Bs, 19'Bf). Also, the binding weft is included in the weaving pattern in which upper surface side warp 1U is woven over and under the upper surface side wefts and binding wefts one by one. Upper surface side warp 1U passes above binding wefts (4'Bs, 7'Bf, 8'Bs, 11'Bf, 15'Bf, 16'Bs, 20'Bs, 23'Bf, 24'Bs) and below binding wefts (3'Bf, 12'Bs, 19'Bf).

[0109] The upper surface side warps (2U, 4U to 6U, 8U to 10U, 12U) include those whose weaving positions are shifted in the warp direction compared to upper surface side warp 1U, but they have the same weaving pattern as upper surface side warp 1U, and are woven one above and one below the upper surface side wefts (1'U, 2'U, 5'U, 6'U, 9'U, 10'U, 13'U, 14'U, 17'U, 18'U, 21'U, 22'U), first binding wefts (3'Bf, 7'Bf, 11'Bf, 15'Bf, 19'Bf, 23'Bf) and second binding wefts (4'Bs, 8'Bs, 12'Bs, 16'Bs, 20'Bs, 24'Bs). In this way, the upper surface side warps (1U, 2U, 4U to 6U, 8U to 10U, 12U) have the same weaving pattern, form knuckles at regular intervals with respect to the upper surface side wefts and binding wefts, and are woven alternately without disrupting the surface design. The upper surface side warps do not weave into the lower surface side wefts, but weave into only the upper surface side wefts and binding wefts to form part of the upper surface side fabric.

[0110] Lower side warp 1L passes under lower side wefts (1'L, 6'L, 13'L, 18'L) to form knuckles, and passes over lower side wefts (2'L, 5'L, 9'L, 10'L, 14'L, 17'L, 21'L, 22'L). Lower side warp 1L is woven by passing alternately under one lower side weft and over two lower side wefts. Lower side warp 1L also passes under binding wefts (3'Bf, 7'Bf, 8'Bs, 11'Bf, 12'Bs, 16'Bs, 19'Bf, 20'Bs, 23'Bf, 24'Bs) and over binding wefts (4'Bs, 15'Bf).

[0111] The lower surface side warps (2L, 4L to 6L, 8L to 10L, 12L) include those whose weaving positions are shifted in the warp direction compared to lower surface side warp 1L, but have the same weaving pattern as lower surface side warp 1L, and are woven by passing alternately under one lower surface side weft and over two lower surface side wefts. In this way, the lower surface side warps (1L, 2L, 4L to 6L, 8L to 10L, 12L) do not weave through all upper surface side wefts, but weave through only lower surface side wefts and binding wefts to form part of the lower surface side fabric.

[0112] The upper surface side warps (1U, 2U, 4U to 6U, 8U to 10U, 12U) have a common weaving pattern with the wefts located on the upper surface side, including the upper surface side weft, the first binding weft, and the second binding weft. In other words, the upper surface side warps each have a weaving pattern in which they are woven one above and one below the wefts located on the upper surface side.

[0113] In addition, the lower surface side warps (1L, 2L, 5L, 6L, 9L, 10L) also have a common weaving pattern, and the lower surface side wefts (1'L, 2'L, 5'L, 6'L, 9'L, 10'L, 13'L, 14'L, 17'L, 18'L, 21'L, 22'L) have a weaving pattern in which they pass alternately under one lower surface side weft and over two lower surface side wefts.

[0114] 13(b) shows a form in which a pair of first binding warp 3Bf and second binding warp 3Bs is woven into upper surface side weft, lower surface side weft, and binding weft. The first binding warp 3Bf and second binding warp 3Bs form a pair facing each other above and below, and cross each other for binding.

[0115] The first binding warp 3Bf passes above the upper surface side wefts (2'U, 18'U, 21'U) and binding wefts (15'Bf, 23'Bf) to form knuckles, and passes below the upper surface side wefts (1'U, 5'U, 6'U, 9'U, 10'U, 13'U, 14'U, 17'U, 22'U) and binding wefts (3'Bf, 4'Bs, 7'Bf, 11'Bf, 12'Bs, 16'Bs, 19'Bf). First binding warp 3Bf passes under lower surface side wefts (17'L, 22'L) to form knuckles, and passes over lower surface side wefts (1'L, 2'L, 5'L, 6'L, 9'L, 10'L, 13'L, 14'L, 18'L, 21'L) and binding wefts (8'Bs, 20'Bs, 23'Bf, 24'Bs). First binding warp 3Bf passes under lower surface side wefts (17'L, 22'L) to form two knuckles, and passes over upper surface wefts (2'U, 15'Bf, 18'U, 21'U, 23'Bf) to form five knuckles.

[0116] The second binding warp 3Bs passes above the upper surface side wefts (5'U, 10'U, 13'U) and binding weft (7'Bf) to form knuckles, and passes below the upper surface side wefts (1'U, 2'U, 6'U, 9'U, 14'U, 17'U, 18'U, 21'U, 22'U) and binding wefts (3'Bf, 11'Bf, 15'Bf, 16'Bs, 19'Bf, 23'Bf, 24'Bs). The second binding warp 3Bs passes under the lower surface side wefts (5'L, 10'L) to form knuckles, and passes over the lower surface side wefts (1'L, 2'L, 6'L, 9'L, 13'L, 14'L, 17'L, 18'L, 21'L, 22'L) and binding wefts (4'Bs, 7'Bf, 8'Bs, 12'Bs, 20'Bs). The second binding warp 3Bs passes under the lower surface side wefts (17'L, 22'L) to form two knuckles, and passes over the upper surface side wefts (5'U, 7'Bf, 10'U, 13'U) to form four knuckles.

[0117] The pair of first binding warp 3Bf and second binding warp 3Bs has a weave pattern in which it passes one by one above and below the wefts located on the upper surface side, including the upper surface side weft, the first binding weft, and the second binding weft. The pair of first binding warp 3Bf and second binding warp 3Bs has a weave pattern in which it passes one by one above and below the lower surface side weft, except for the first binding weft and the second binding weft.

[0118] In this way, the pair of first binding warp threads 3Bf and second binding warp threads 3Bs has a common weaving pattern with the upper surface side warps and lower surface side warps. This improves the surface properties of the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric. Note that although the weaving positions of the pair of first binding warp threads (7Bf, 11Bf) and second binding warp threads (7Bs, 11Bs) are shifted in the warp direction, they have the same weaving pattern as the pair of first binding warp threads 3Bf and second binding warp threads 3Bs and exhibit the same function.

[0119] The pair of first binding warps (3Bf, 7Bf, 11Bf) and second binding warps (3Bs, 7Bs, 11Bs) weaves the wefts located on the upper surface side to form an upper surface side fabric formed in a predetermined weaving pattern for each warp row. In other words, the upper surface side warps, first binding warps, and second binding warps form knuckles spaced at regular intervals in the upper surface side fabric. This makes it possible to prevent deterioration in the surface properties of the upper surface side fabric.

[0120] A pair of first binding warps (3Bf, 7Bf, 11Bf) and second binding warps (3Bs, 7Bs, 11Bs) weaves in the lower side weft to form a lower side fabric formed in a predetermined weaving pattern for each warp row. In other words, the lower side warps, first binding warps, and second binding warps form knuckles spaced at regular intervals in the lower side fabric. This makes it possible to prevent deterioration in the surface properties of the lower side fabric.

[0121] The upper surface side warp, first binding warp, and second binding warp are formed with the same diameter, but in another embodiment, they may be formed with different diameters. Since the first binding warp and second binding warp also appear on the upper surface side, making them the same diameter as the upper surface side warp can prevent a decrease in surface quality. The diameter of the lower surface side warp may be larger than the diameter of the upper surface side warp. Making the diameter of the lower surface side warp larger than the diameter of the upper surface side warp can improve the rigidity and warp elongation properties of the industrial fabric 10.

[0122] In the industrial woven fabric 50 shown in Fig. 9, binding is performed using a pair of binding warp threads and upper surface side warp threads, but in the industrial woven fabric 60 shown in Fig. 12, binding is performed using a pair of first binding warp threads and second binding warp threads. By binding the first binding warp threads and second binding warp threads above and below, the binding force can be increased. In either embodiment, the binding warp thread constitutes at least one of the two warp threads arranged above and below.

[0123] Fig. 14(a) shows a configuration in which a pair of upper surface side weft 2'U and lower surface side weft 2'L is woven with upper surface side warps, lower surface side warps, and binding warps. As shown in Fig. 14(a), upper surface side weft 2'U is woven above and below the upper surface side warps (1U, 2U, 4U to 6U, 8U to 10U, 12U) and binding warps (3Bf, 7Bf, 11Bs), passing above the upper surface side warps (1U, 3Bf, 5U, 7Bf, 9U, 11Bs) to form knuckles, and passing below the upper surface side warps (2U, 4U, 6U, 8U, 10U, 12U). The other upper surface side wefts (1'U, 5'U, 6'U, 9'U, 10'U, 13'U, 14'U, 17'U, 18'U, 21'U, 22'U) have the same weaving pattern as upper surface side weft 2'U, and are woven one above the other in the warp rows of upper surface side warps and binding warps.

[0124] Lower side weft 2'L passes under four lower side warps (6L, 7Bs, 8L, 9L) and four lower side warps (1L, 2L, 3Bs, 12L), forming two knuckles, and passes over two lower side warps (4L, 5L) and two lower side warps (10L, 11Bf). The lower side warps include not only the lower side warps but also the first and second binding warps. The other lower surface side wefts (1'L, 5'L, 6'L, 9'L, 10'L, 13'L, 14'L, 17'L, 18'L, 21'L, 22'L) include those whose weaving positions are shifted in the weft direction compared to lower surface side weft 2'L, but have the same weaving pattern as lower surface side weft 2'L, and pass alternately under the four warp threads located on the lower surface side and over the two warp threads located on the lower surface side.

[0125] Figure 14(b) shows a form in which the first binding weft 3'Bf and the second binding weft 4'Bs are woven into the upper surface side warp, the lower surface side warp, and the binding warp. In Figure 14(b), the first binding warp 11Bf and the second binding warp 11Bs are upside down compared to the warp shown in Figure 14(a), but the arrangement of the warp threads is the same otherwise.

[0126] The first binding weft 3'Bf passes above the warps (1U, 3Bf, 11Bs) located on the upper surface side to form knuckles N2, and passes below the other warps (2U, 4U to 6U, 7Bs, 8U to 10U, 12U) located on the upper surface side. The first binding weft 3'Bf also passes below two warps (6L, 7Bs) located on the lower surface side to form knuckles, and passes above the other warps (1L, 2L, 3Bs, 4L, 5L, 8L to 10L, 11Bf, 12L) located on the lower surface side. In other words, the first binding weft 3'Bf forms three knuckles in the upper surface design and one knuckle in the lower surface design.

[0127] The second binding weft 4'Bs passes above the warps (5U, 7Bf, 9U) located on the upper surface side, forming knuckles N3, and passes below the other warps (1U, 2U, 3Bf, 4U, 6U, 8U, 10U, 11Bs, 12U) located on the upper surface side. The second binding weft 4'Bs passes below two warps (1L, 12L) located on the lower surface side, forming knuckles, and passes above the other warps (2L, 3Bs, 4L to 6L, 7Bs, 8L to 10L, 11Bf) located on the lower surface side. In other words, the second binding weft 4'Bs, like the first binding weft 3'Bf, forms three knuckles in the upper surface design and one knuckle in the lower surface design.

[0128] The first binding weft 3'Bf and the second binding weft 4'Bs form knuckles that pass over two or less upper surface side warps in succession among the warps located on the upper surface side. In other words, the first binding weft 3'Bf and the second binding weft 4'Bs do not form knuckles that pass over three or more upper surface side warps in succession among the upper surface side warps. Each knuckle formed on the upper surface by the first binding weft 3'Bf and the second binding weft 4'Bs is formed by passing over only one upper surface side warp.

[0129] The first binding weft 3'Bf and the second binding weft 4'Bs form knuckles that pass under two or fewer consecutive lower surface warps among the lower surface warps, including the lower surface side warps and binding warps. In other words, the first binding weft 3'Bf and the second binding weft 4'Bs do not form knuckles that pass under three or more consecutive lower surface warps among the lower surface warps. Each knuckle formed on the lower surface by the first binding weft 3'Bf and the second binding weft 4'Bs passes under two consecutive lower surface warps. This reduces the exposed area of ​​the first binding weft 3'Bf and the second binding weft 4'Bs, improving the durability of the first binding weft 3'Bf and the second binding weft 4'Bs. The other first binding wefts (7'Bf, 11'Bf, 15'Bf, 19'Bf, 23'Bf) and second binding wefts (8'Bs, 12'Bs, 16'Bs, 20'Bs, 24'Bs) include those whose weaving positions are shifted in the weft direction compared to the first binding weft 3'Bf and the second binding weft 4'Bs, but they have the same weaving pattern and perform the same function.

[0130] The first binding wefts (3'Bf, 7'Bf, 11'Bf, 15'Bf, 19'Bf, 23'Bf) and the second binding wefts (4'Bs, 8'Bs, 12'Bs, 16'Bs, 20'Bs, 24'Bs) are arranged in pairs adjacent to each other in the warp direction, thereby increasing the binding force that binds the upper and lower fabrics together.

[0131] A pair of adjacent first and second binding wefts forms a knuckle on the surface of the upper side fabric equivalent to one upper side weft. In other words, the number of knuckles formed on the surface of the upper side fabric by a pair of adjacent first and second binding wefts is the same as the number of knuckles formed on the surface of the upper side fabric by one upper side weft. This makes it possible to prevent a decrease in the surface properties of the upper side fabric.

[0132] The industrial fabric 60 is bound with a pair of first binding wefts and second binding wefts and a pair of first binding warps and second warps, and can therefore be bound with an appropriate binding force that can suppress internal abrasion of the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric. By binding with binding wefts in addition to binding with binding warps, it is possible to set an appropriate binding force rather than simply increasing the number of binding warps.

[0133] [Seventh embodiment] Fig. 15 is a design diagram showing the complete design of an industrial woven fabric 70 according to the seventh embodiment. Fig. 16 is a cross-sectional view in the warp direction along the warp yarns in the design diagram shown in Fig. 15. Fig. 17 is a cross-sectional view in the weft direction along the weft yarns in the design diagram shown in Fig. 15.

[0134] The industrial fabric 70 according to the seventh embodiment shown in FIG. 15 includes an upper surface side fabric including upper surface side warps (1U to 3U, 5U to 7U) and upper surface side wefts (1'U, 2'U, 5'U, 6'U, 9'U, 10'U, 13'U, 14'U), and a lower surface side fabric including lower surface side warps (1L to 3L, 5L to 7L) and lower surface side wefts (1'L, 2'L, 5'L, 6'L, 9'U, 10'U, 13'U, 14'U). The lower side fabric is composed of the first binding warp threads (4Bf, 8Bf), the second binding warp threads (4Bs, 8Bs), the first binding weft threads (3'Bf, 7'Bf, 11'Bf, 15'Bf) and the second binding weft threads (4'Bs, 8'Bs, 12'Bs, 16'Bs). When the first binding weft threads and the second binding weft threads are not distinguished, they are simply called binding weft threads.

[0135] The first binding wefts (3'Bf, 7'Bf, 11'Bf, 15'Bf) and the second binding wefts (4'Bs, 8'Bs, 12'Bs, 16'Bs) bind the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric together and form a weaving pattern for one upper surface side weft, and are therefore included in the weaving pattern of the upper surface side warp and binding warp.

[0136] Figure 16(a) shows a configuration in which a pair of upper surface side warp 1U and lower surface side warp 1L is woven with upper surface side weft, lower surface side weft, and binding weft. The arrangement of upper surface side weft, lower surface side weft, and binding weft shown in Figure 10(a) and Figure 10(b) is the same. Upper surface side warp 1U and lower surface side warp 1L are arranged facing each other vertically.

[0137] As shown in Figure 16(a), upper surface side warp 1U is woven above and below the wefts located on the upper surface side, including upper surface side wefts (1'U, 2'U, 5'U, 6'U, 9'U, 10'U, 13'U, 14'U), first binding wefts (3'Bf, 7'Bf, 11'Bf, 15'Bf), and second binding wefts (4'Bs, 8'Bs, 12'Bs, 16'Bs). Upper surface side warp 1U passes above upper surface side wefts (2'U, 5'U, 10'U, 13'U) and binding wefts (7'Bf, 16'Bs), forming a knuckle, and passes below upper surface side wefts (1'U, 6'U, 9'U, 14'U) and binding wefts (3'Bf, 12'Bs). Upper surface side warp 1U passes above binding wefts (4'Bs, 7'Bf, 8'Bs, 11'Bf, 15'Bf, 16'Bs) and below binding wefts (3'Bf, 12'Bs).

[0138] The upper surface side warps (2U, 3U, 5U to 7U) include those whose weaving positions are shifted in the warp direction compared to the upper surface side warp 1U, but have the same weaving pattern as the upper surface side warp 1U, and are woven one above and one below the wefts located on the upper surface side. In this way, the upper surface side warps (1U to 3U, 5U to 7U) have the same weaving pattern, form knuckles at regular intervals with the wefts located on the upper surface side, and are woven alternately without disrupting the surface design. The upper surface side warps do not weave into the lower surface side wefts, but weave only into the upper surface side wefts and binding wefts to form part of the upper surface side fabric.

[0139] Lower side warp 1L passes under lower side wefts (6'L, 14'L) to form knuckles, and passes over lower side wefts (1'L, 2'L, 5'L, 9'L, 10'L, 13'L). Lower side warp 1L is woven by passing alternately under one lower side weft and over three lower side wefts. Lower side warp 1L also passes under binding wefts (3'Bf, 4'Bs, 7'Bf, 11'Bf, 12'Bs, 16'Bs) and over binding wefts (8'Bs, 15'Bf).

[0140] The lower surface side warps (2L, 3L, 5L to 7L) include those whose weaving positions are shifted in the warp direction from lower surface side warp 1L, but have the same weaving pattern as lower surface side warp 1L, and are woven by passing alternately under one lower surface side weft and over three lower surface side wefts. In this way, the lower surface side warps (1L to 3L, 5L to 7L) do not weave through all upper surface side wefts, but only weave through lower surface side wefts and binding wefts to form part of the lower surface side fabric.

[0141] The upper surface side warps (1U to 3U, 5U to 7U) have a common weaving pattern in which the wefts located on the upper surface side are woven one above and one below each other.

[0142] In addition, the lower surface side warps (1L to 3L, 5L to 7L) also have a common weaving pattern, and the lower surface side wefts (1'L, 2'L, 5'L, 6'L, 9'L, 10'L, 13'L, 14'L) have a weaving pattern in which they pass alternately under one lower surface side weft and over three lower surface side wefts.

[0143] 16(b) shows a form in which a pair of first binding warp 4Bf and second binding warp 4Bs is woven into upper surface side weft, lower surface side weft, and binding weft. The first binding warp 4Bf and the second binding warp 4Bs form a pair facing each other above and below, and cross each other for binding.

[0144] First binding warp 4Bf passes above upper surface side wefts (1'U, 6'U) and binding weft 3'Bf to form knuckles, and passes below upper surface side wefts (2'U, 5'U, 9'U, 10'U, 13'U, 14'U) and binding wefts (8'Bs, 15'Bf). First binding warp 4Bf passes below lower surface side weft 13'L to form a knuckle, and passes above the other lower surface side wefts (1'L, 2'L, 5'L, 6'L, 9'L, 10'L, 14'L) and binding wefts (3'Bf, 4'Bs, 7'Bf, 11'Bf, 12'Bs, 16'Bs). First binding warp 4Bf passes below lower surface side weft 13'L to form one knuckle, and passes above wefts (1'U, 3'Bf, 6'U) located on the upper surface side to form three knuckles.

[0145] The second binding warp 4Bs passes above the upper surface side wefts (9'U, 14'U) and binding weft 11'Bf to form knuckles, and passes below the other upper surface side wefts (1'U, 2'U, 5'U, 6'U, 10'U, 13'U) and binding wefts (3'Bf, 4'Bs, 7'Bf, 8'Bs, 15'Bf). The second binding warp 4Bs passes below the lower surface side weft 5'L to form knuckles, and passes above the other lower surface side wefts (1'L, 2'L, 6'L, 9'L, 10'L, 13'L, 14'L) and binding wefts (11'Bf, 12'Bs, 16'Bs). Second binding warp 4Bs passes below lower surface side weft 5'L to form one knuckle, and passes above wefts (9'U, 11'Bf, 14'U) located on the upper surface side to form two knuckles.

[0146] The pair of first binding warp 4Bf and second binding warp 4Bs has a weave pattern in which they are woven one above and one below the wefts located on the upper surface side, including the upper surface side weft, the first binding weft, and the second binding weft. The pair of first binding warp 4Bf and second binding warp 4Bs has a weave pattern in which they are woven with the lower surface side weft, passing alternately below one lower surface side weft and above three lower surface side wefts.

[0147] In this way, the pair of first binding warp threads 4Bf and second binding warp threads 4Bs has the same weaving pattern as the upper surface side warps and lower surface side warps. Note that the pair of first binding warp threads 8Bf and second binding warp threads 8Bs has the same weaving pattern as the pair of first binding warp threads 4Bf and second binding warp threads 4Bs, and exhibits the same function, although the weaving position is shifted in the warp direction.

[0148] The pair of first binding warp threads (4Bf, 8Bf) and second binding warp threads (4Bs, 8Bs) weaves the upper surface side weft to form an upper surface side fabric formed in a predetermined weaving pattern for each warp row. In other words, the upper surface side warp threads, the first binding warp threads, and the second binding warp threads form knuckles spaced at regular intervals in the upper surface side fabric. This makes it possible to prevent deterioration in the surface properties of the upper surface side fabric.

[0149] A pair of the first binding warp threads (4Bf, 8Bf) and the second binding warp threads (4Bs, 8Bs) weaves the lower side weft to form a lower side fabric formed in a predetermined weaving pattern for each warp row. In other words, the lower side warp threads, the first binding warp threads, and the second binding warp threads form knuckles spaced at regular intervals in the lower side fabric. This makes it possible to prevent deterioration in the surface properties of the lower side fabric.

[0150] Figure 17(a) shows a pattern in which a pair of upper surface side weft 2'U and lower surface side weft 2'L is woven with upper surface side warps, lower surface side warps, and binding warps. As shown in Figure 17(a), upper surface side weft 2'U is woven above and below the warps located on the upper surface (1U-3U, 4Bs, 5U-7U, 8Bf), passing above the warps located on the upper surface (2U, 4Bs, 6U, 8Bf) to form knuckles, and passing below the warps located on the upper surface (1U, 3U, 5U, 7U). The other upper surface side wefts (1'U, 5'U, 6'U, 9'U, 10'U, 13'U, 14'U) have the same weaving pattern as upper surface side weft 2'U, and are woven above and below the warps located on the upper surface (1U, 3U, 5U, 7U), one by one.

[0151] Lower surface side weft 2'L passes under six lower surface side warps (1L to 3L, 4Bf, 7L, 8Bs), forming a long knuckle, and passes over two lower surface side warps (5L, 6L). The other lower surface side wefts (1'L, 5'L, 6'L, 9'L, 10'L, 13'L, 14'L), although some of them are weaved in positions offset weftwise from lower surface side weft 2'L, have the same weaving pattern as lower surface side weft 2'L, and pass under six lower surface side warps, forming a long knuckle, and pass over two lower surface side warps.

[0152] Figure 17(b) shows a form in which the first binding weft 3'Bf and the second binding weft 4'Bs are woven with the upper surface side warp, the lower surface side warp, and the binding warp. Note that the warp arrangement in Figure 17(b) is the same as that shown in Figure 17(a).

[0153] The first binding weft 3'Bf passes above the upper surface side warps (1U, 3U) to form knuckles, and passes below the other upper surface side warps (2U, 4Bs, 5U to 7U, 8Bf). The first binding weft 3'Bf passes below one lower surface side warp 6L to form a knuckle, and passes above the other lower surface side warps (1L to 3L, 4Bf, 5L, 7L, 8Bs). In other words, the first binding weft 3'Bf forms two knuckles in the upper surface side design and one knuckle in the lower surface side design.

[0154] The second binding weft 4'Bs passes above the upper surface side warps (5U, 7U) to form knuckles, and passes below the other warps (1U to 3U, 4Bs, 6U, 8Bf) located on the upper surface side. The second binding weft 4'Bs passes below the lower surface side warp 2L to form a knuckle, and passes above the other warps (1L, 3L, 4Bf, 5L to 7L, 8Bs) located on the lower surface side. In other words, the second binding weft 4'Bs forms two knuckles in the upper surface side design and one knuckle in the lower surface side design, just like the first binding weft 3'Bf.

[0155] The first binding weft 3'Bf and the second binding weft 4'Bs form knuckles that pass over two or less upper surface side warps in succession among the warps located on the upper surface side. In other words, the first binding weft 3'Bf and the second binding weft 4'Bs do not form knuckles that pass over three or more upper surface side warps in succession among the upper surface side warps. Each knuckle formed on the upper surface by the first binding weft 3'Bf and the second binding weft 4'Bs is formed by passing over only one upper surface side warp.

[0156] The first binding weft 3'Bf and the second binding weft 4'Bs form knuckles that pass under two or fewer consecutive lower surface side warps among the lower surface side warps. In other words, the first binding weft 3'Bf and the second binding weft 4'Bs do not form knuckles that pass under three or more consecutive lower surface side warps among the lower surface side warps. Each knuckle formed on the lower surface by the first binding weft 3'Bf and the second binding weft 4'Bs passes under one lower surface side warp. This reduces the exposed area of ​​the first binding weft 3'Bf and the second binding weft 4'Bs, suppressing wear and improving the durability of the first binding weft 3'Bf and the second binding weft 4'Bs. Although the other first binding wefts (7'Bf, 11'Bf, 15'Bf) and second binding wefts (8'Bs, 12'Bs, 16'Bs) are weaved in positions shifted in the weft direction compared to the first binding weft 3'Bf and second binding weft 4'Bs, they have a similar weaving pattern and perform a similar function.

[0157] The first binding weft and the second binding weft are arranged adjacent to each other in the warp direction as a pair. The pair of adjacent first binding weft and second binding weft forms a knuckle on the surface of the upper surface side fabric equivalent to one upper surface side weft. In other words, the number of knuckles formed on the surface of the upper surface side fabric by the pair of adjacent first binding weft and second binding weft is the same as the number of knuckles formed on the surface of the upper surface side fabric by one upper surface side weft. This makes it possible to prevent a decrease in the surface properties of the upper surface side fabric.

[0158] [Eighth embodiment] Fig. 18 is a design diagram showing the complete design of an industrial woven fabric 80 according to the eighth embodiment. Compared to the industrial woven fabric 60 shown in Fig. 12, the number of pairs of first binding warp threads and second binding warp threads is greater, and the pairs of first binding warp threads and second binding warp threads are adjacent to each other, whereas in the industrial woven fabric 60 shown in Fig. 12, the pairs of first binding warp threads and second binding warp threads are not adjacent to each other. This makes it possible to increase the binding force that binds the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric together.

[0159] The industrial fabrics according to the above-described embodiments may be subjected to the following processes. For example, to improve the surface smoothness, the surface side of the industrial fabric may be polished to a depth of 0.02 to 0.05 mm. It is particularly preferable that the surface side be polished to a depth of 0.02 mm or 0.03 mm.

[0160] In addition, to prevent fraying of the threads at the edge of the net (industrial fabric), the area from the edge of the net to 5 to 30 mm (particularly 5 mm, 10 mm, or 20 mm) may be reinforced by coating with polyurethane resin. The edge of the net may be coated on one or both sides. The resin may be hot-melt polyurethane.

[0161] To improve the abrasion resistance of the mesh ends, an area 20 mm to 500 mm from the mesh end (particularly 25, 50, 75, 100, 150, 250, 300, 350, and 400 mm away) may be coated over the entire length with 3 to 16 (particularly 3, 4, 7, 8, 10, 12, 15, and 16) strips of resin about 7 mm wide. The aforementioned multiple strips of polyurethane resin may be applied to both ends of the mesh, or just one side. The resin may be hot-melt polyurethane.

[0162] To improve stain resistance, the entire mesh may be coated with a resin. To allow trimming of the papermaking width near the mesh edge, an area 10 to 500 mm from the mesh edge (particularly 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 75, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, and 400 mm) may be coated with a single strip of resin approximately 3, 5, 7, 10, 15, or 20 mm wide over the entire length. The resin may be applied to both ends of the mesh or only one side. The resin may be polyurethane or a hot melt. To identify any creases in the mesh during use, a line approximately 25 mm or 50 mm wide may be drawn across the entire width of the mesh.

[0163] The following is a list of preferred ranges of elements for industrial woven fabrics. The diameter of the warp yarns (including upper surface side warp yarns, lower surface side warp yarns, first binding warp yarns, second binding warp yarns, and third binding warp yarns) is preferably 0.10 to 1.0 mm, more preferably 0.1 to 0.5 mm, and particularly preferably 0.11 to 0.35 mm. The diameter of the lower surface side warp yarns may be the same as the diameter of the upper surface side warp yarns, or may be set to 1.1 to 1.2 times the diameter of the upper surface side warp yarns. The diameter of the weft yarns is preferably 0.10 to 1.0 mm, more preferably 0.12 to 0.6 mm, and particularly preferably 0.12 to 0.55 mm. The diameter of the lower surface side weft is desirably larger than the diameter of the upper surface side weft, and may be 1.1 to 3.0 times the diameter of the upper surface side weft, more preferably 1.2 to 2.0 times the diameter of the upper surface side weft.

[0164] The upper surface side weft may be made of only PET wire, only polyamide wire, or a mixture of PET wire and polyamide wire woven alternately. The lower surface side weft may be made of only PET wire, only polyamide wire, or a mixture of PET wire and polyamide wire woven alternately. Furthermore, a low-friction yarn may be woven into the lower surface side weft to reduce the driving load on the machine.

[0165] The ratio of the number of upper surface side wefts to the number of lower surface side wefts may be 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, 4:1, 3:2, 4:3, 5:2, 5:3, or 5:4. The breathability is preferably 100 cm3 / cm2 / s to 600 cm3 / cm2 / s, and more preferably 120 cm3 / cm2 / s to 300 cm3 / cm2 / s.

[0166] The mesh thickness is preferably 0.3 mm to 3.0 mm, more preferably 0.5 mm to 2.5 mm, and particularly preferably 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm. The main uses are as a papermaking or nonwoven fabric belt, and in particular, it may be used as a papermaking dewatering belt or a spunbond nonwoven fabric conveying belt.

[0167] The cross-sectional shapes of the warp and weft yarns in each of the above-mentioned embodiments are not limited to circular, and may be square, star-shaped, elliptical, hollow, core-sheath, etc. In particular, by making the cross-sectional shape of the lower warp yarns square, rectangular, or elliptical, the cross-sectional area of ​​the yarns can be increased, improving elongation resistance and rigidity.

[0168] The yarn material can also be freely selected within a range that satisfies the desired characteristics, and examples thereof include polyethylene terephthalate, polyester, polyamide, polyphenylene sulfide, polyvinylidene fluoride, polypropylene, aramid, polyether ether ketone, polyethylene naphthalate, polytetrafluoroethylene, cotton, wool, metal, thermoplastic polyurethane, and thermoplastic elastomer. Of course, it is also possible to use copolymers or yarns in which various substances are blended or contained in these materials depending on the purpose. Generally, polyester monofilaments, which have rigidity and excellent dimensional stability, are preferably used for yarns constituting industrial woven fabrics.

[0169] The number of warp shafts is preferably 4 to 8 shafts, 10 shafts, 12 shafts, 14 shafts, 15 shafts, 16 shafts, 18 shafts, 20 shafts, 24 shafts, 28 shafts, 30 shafts, 32 shafts, 36 shafts, 40 shafts, 44 shafts, or 48 shafts. The number of warp shafts is particularly preferably a multiple of 4, 5, or 7. The number of weft shafts is also preferably 4 to 8 shafts, 10 shafts, 12 shafts, 14 shafts, 15 shafts, 16 shafts, 18 shafts, 20 shafts, 24 shafts, 28 shafts, 30 shafts, 32 shafts, 36 shafts, 40 shafts, 44 shafts, or 48 shafts. The number of weft shafts is particularly preferably a multiple of 2, 5, or 7.

[0170] The warp weave on the front side may be plain weave, twill weave, satin weave, broken satin weave, satin weave, 2 / 2 weave, or herringbone weave.The warp weave on the back side may be plain weave, twill weave, satin weave, broken satin weave, satin weave, 2 / 2 weave, or herringbone weave.It may also be a weave in which two warp threads form a knuckle below the bottom weft at the same position, such as a rib weave or a 1 / 2 1 / 4 weave. [Explanation of symbols]

[0171] 1'L bottom side weft, 1'U top side weft, 1L bottom side warp, 1U top side warp, 10 industrial fabric.

Claims

1. An industrial woven fabric in which an upper surface side fabric and a lower surface side fabric are bonded together, the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric are configured by weaving warp yarns and weft yarns, The weft yarn is a binding weft that binds the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric together; an upper surface side weft constituting a part of the upper surface side fabric; a lower surface side weft constituting a part of the lower surface side fabric, The warp yarns are a binding warp yarn that binds the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric together; an upper surface side warp that forms a part of the upper surface side fabric by weaving the upper surface side weft without weaving the lower surface side weft; a lower side warp that forms a part of the lower side fabric by weaving the lower side weft without weaving the upper side weft, The binding warp yarn and the set of warp yarns arranged above and below the binding warp yarn complement each other to form a weaving pattern for one lower surface side warp yarn.

2. The industrial fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that the binding warp yarn and the pair of warp yarns arranged above and below the binding warp yarn complement each other to form a weaving pattern for one upper surface side warp yarn.

3. 3. The industrial woven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the binding wefts are not adjacent to each other in the warp direction.

4. An industrial fabric in which an upper surface side fabric and a lower surface side fabric are bonded together, the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric are configured by weaving warp yarns and weft yarns, The weft yarn is a binding weft that binds the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric together; an upper surface side weft constituting a part of the upper surface side fabric; a lower surface side weft constituting a part of the lower surface side fabric, The warp yarns are a binding warp yarn that binds the upper surface side fabric and the lower surface side fabric together; an upper surface side warp that forms a part of the upper surface side fabric by weaving the upper surface side weft without weaving the lower surface side weft; a lower side warp that forms a part of the lower side fabric by weaving the lower side weft without weaving the upper side weft, The industrial woven fabric is characterized in that the binding weft forms knuckles that pass continuously over two or less of the upper surface side warps.

5. 5. The industrial woven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the binding warp yarns include a first binding warp yarn and a second binding warp yarn arranged in a pair above and below each other.

6. 6. The industrial woven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the binding weft comprises a first binding weft and a second binding weft arranged adjacent to each other in a pair.

7. The industrial fabric according to claim 6, characterized in that adjacent pairs of the first binding weft and the second binding weft complement each other to form a weaving pattern for one upper surface side weft on the surface of the upper surface side fabric.

8. 8. The industrial woven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the upper surface side warp yarns include upper surface side break yarns.

9. 9. The industrial woven fabric according to claim 8, wherein the upper surface side breaking yarns form pairs above and below the binding warp yarns.

10. The industrial woven fabric according to claim 9, characterized in that the upper surface side breaking yarn passes under the upper surface side weft at a position where the binding warp yarn forms a knuckle with the upper surface side weft, breaking up a part of the upper surface design.

11. 11. The industrial woven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the binding weft has a diameter smaller than that of the lower surface side weft.

12. 12. The industrial woven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the upper surface side warp threads and the binding warp threads have the same diameter.

13. 5. The industrial woven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the binding weft forms a knuckle that passes under two or less of the lower surface side warps in succession.

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