Composite yarn and fabric made using the same

Abstract

To provide a composite yarn enabling a fabric excellent in cut resistance, stretchability, and flexibility to be knitted without requiring a complicated knitting process and a fabric formed of the composite yarn.SOLUTION: A composite yarn is constituted from a plied yarn of a core-sheath conjugate yarn (A), which is formed of inorganic fibers as a core yarn and organic fibers surrounding the core yarn, and a core-sheath conjugate yarn (B), which is formed of stretchable fibers as a core yarn and organic fibers surrounding the core yarn. A fabric is formed of 30 to 100% of the composite yarn based on the weight of the fabric.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a composite yarn composed of two-ply core-sheath composite yarns, and a fabric made using the same. [Background technology]

[0002] It is known that gloves made of a core-sheath composite yarn, in which a metal fiber such as a steel fiber is used as a core yarn and the core yarn is covered with a para-aramid short fiber, have excellent cut resistance and puncture resistance (for example, Patent Document 1). Both the metal fiber that is the core yarn of this composite yarn and the para-aramid fiber that is the sheath yarn have excellent strength and cut resistance, and are therefore effective in imparting excellent cut resistance to protective clothing such as gloves. However, because the metal fiber and the para-aramid fiber lack stretchability, elasticity, and flexibility, gloves and the like knitted only with the composite yarn of Patent Document 1 have problems such as a prickly feeling when worn and a poor fit.

[0003] On the other hand, composite yarns that use an elastic fiber for the core yarn and a short organic fiber for the sheath yarn are also known as sheath-core composite yarns with excellent elasticity, and for example, Patent Document 2 discloses a sheath-core composite yarn that uses a polyurethane elastic fiber for the core yarn and a spun para-aramid fiber for the sheath yarn. It has been shown that gloves knitted with this sheath-core composite yarn are highly elastic, fit well to the hand, and are easy to work with, but the maximum cut resistance of the gloves produced in the examples was 6.2 N, which is not a sufficient level for the cut resistance of protective gloves.

[0004] As examples of sheath-core composite yarns using metal fibers and elastic fibers, Patent Documents 3 and 4, for example, disclose covering yarns in which an inorganic fiber core is wound with organic fiber filaments wrapped once or twice around the core. Fabrics made from these yarns have excellent cut resistance and stretchability. Patent Document 3 specifically discloses a glove knitted with a double covering yarn in which a crimped para-aramid fiber yarn is wound around a stainless steel fiber, and then a core-sheath yarn with a polyurethane elastic fiber as the core yarn and a wooly nylon as the sheath yarn is wound in the opposite direction to the para-aramid fiber. The glove exhibits a very high cut strength of 25 N. However, fabrics knitted with such core-sheath composite yarns have an uneven knit surface, resulting in poor tactile feel. Furthermore, the composite yarn in Patent Document 4 requires the insertion of an elastic yarn as a plating yarn to ensure a comfortable fit.

[0005] Patent Document 5 discloses cut-resistant gloves that are interwoven using a sheath-core composite yarn (hard composite yarn) with an inorganic fiber as the core yarn and a sheath-core composite yarn (high-strength composite yarn) with a high-strength synthetic fiber having an elastic modulus of 5000 kg / mm ​​or more as the core yarn (however, in both composite yarns, the sheath yarn is a multifilament yarn of a thermoplastic synthetic fiber). As a specific example, in embodiment 2, a glove is disclosed in which three types of composite yarns are simultaneously supplied to a glove knitting machine and interwoven: a composite yarn in which a core yarn made of a glass filament bundle is covered with a false-twisted polyester multifilament yarn; a composite yarn in which a core yarn made of a high-strength drawn polyethylene filament yarn is covered with a false-twisted polyester multifilament yarn; and an elastic composite yarn in which a core yarn made of a polyurethane elastic yarn is covered with a false-twisted nylon multifilament yarn. However, the object of this invention is to eliminate the difficult combining process of combining fibers of different hardness into one knitting yarn by using these fibers as separate knitting yarns in a cut-resistant glove that uses both hard fibers and high-strength fibers. However, the method of simultaneously supplying three types of core-sheath composite yarns to a glove knitting machine has the disadvantage of complicating the knitting process, such as adjusting the knitting yarn supply speed. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 4-092576 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-011060 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2019-143253 [Patent Document 4] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2018-178274 [Patent Document 5] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-164411 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] The present invention has been made in view of the background of the conventional technology, and an object of the present invention is to provide a composite yarn that enables knitting of a fabric that is excellent in cut resistance, stretchability, and softness without requiring a complicated knitting process, and a fabric made using the composite yarn. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] In order to solve the above problems, the present inventors conducted extensive research and discovered that a composite yarn made of a ply-twisted yarn of a sheath-core composite yarn having an inorganic fiber core and an organic fiber periphery, and a sheath-core composite yarn having a stretch fiber core and an organic fiber periphery, can knit a fabric with excellent cut resistance, stretchability, and flexibility; and that because the fabric can be knitted using a single composite yarn, the knitting process is simple and economical. This led to the completion of the present invention.

[0009] That is, the present invention is as follows.

[0010] (1) Glass fiber, stainless steel fiber or tungsten steel The fiber is used as the core thread, and the surrounding organic fiber (sheath thread) Core-sheath composite yarn (A) (However, core yarn / sheath yarn = 15-50 / 50-85 (weight ratio)) and, The core thread is made of elastic fiber and the surrounding area is made of organic fiber. (sheath thread)Core-sheath composite yarn (B) (However, the core yarn / sheath yarn ratio is 3-15 / 85-97 (by weight)) It is made up of a twisted yarn of The organic fiber is a high-performance fiber. 50% by weight or more and organic fibers other than the high-performance fibers The combined amount is 50% by weight or less. , The high-performance fiber is aramid short The organic fiber other than the fiber and the high-performance fiber is a cotton fiber, The number of twists when twisting the core-sheath composite yarn (A) and the core-sheath composite yarn (B) together is 、 3 to 10 t / inch, The proportion of cotton fiber in the ply-twisted yarn is 30 to 50% by weight, The ratio of the elastic fiber in the ply-twisted yarn is 1.5 to 5% by weight %、 The thickness and cotton count of the ply-twisted yarn is 4 to 8. A composite yarn characterized by: (2) The elastic fiber is a polyurethane elastic fiber having a fineness of 10 to 200 dtex. (1) The composite yarn according to claim 1. (3) The twist coefficient (K) of the plied yarn is 1.0 to 3.0, as expressed by the following formula (1): or (2) The composite yarn according to any one of the preceding claims. K=T / √N (1) (where T represents the number of twists (t / inch) and N represents the count (s)) (4) (1) to ( 3 2. A fabric comprising the composite yarn according to any one of claims 1 to 10, in an amount of 30 to 100% by weight of the fabric. [Effects of the Invention]

[0011] According to the present invention, a composite yarn made of two-ply sheath-core composite yarn can be provided. Of the two sheath-core composite yarns that make up the composite yarn, the sheath-core composite yarn containing metal wire (inorganic fiber) has the effect of improving the cut resistance of the yarn and the fabric, while the sheath-core composite yarn containing polyurethane elastic fiber (elastic fiber) has the effect of improving the wearing comfort of the fabric. Since increasing the thickness of the fabric also improves cut resistance, the desired cut resistance can be obtained by adjusting the thickness. Because the gloves are very comfortable to wear, the operation of inserting elastic yarn by plating during glove knitting is unnecessary. This results in significant economic benefits. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0012] The composite yarn of the present invention is characterized by being composed of a plied yarn of a sheath-core composite yarn (A) having an inorganic fiber as a core yarn and an organic fiber as a periphery, and a sheath-core composite yarn (B) having an elastic fiber as a core yarn and an organic fiber as a periphery. Details are explained below.

[0013] [Sheath-core composite yarn (A)] The core-sheath composite yarn containing inorganic fibers contributes to the cut resistance of the yarn and fabric. (core thread) Examples of inorganic fibers constituting the core yarn of the core-sheath composite yarn (A) include metal fibers, glass fibers, mineral fibers, etc. Among these, metal fibers are preferred because they have both cut resistance and flexibility.

[0014] Specific examples of metal fibers include stainless steel fibers, tungsten steel fibers, and aluminum fibers. Among these metal fibers, stainless steel fibers and tungsten steel fibers are preferred because of their excellent rust resistance, tensile properties, and knitting properties. The metal fibers may be a single filament yarn, or may be a combination of multiple filament yarns, such as a double-twisted filament yarn. When multiple filaments are used, fibers with different diameters or metal types may be combined. Alternatively, an inorganic fiber may be used as a core yarn, covered with other fibers, or twisted.

[0015] The metal fibers are preferably metal fiber filaments with a diameter (wire diameter) of 20 to 100 μm. If the diameter is 20 μm or more, a fabric with the desired cut resistance can be obtained, and if the diameter is 100 μm or less, the knitting properties and flexibility of the fabric are not significantly impaired. The diameter (wire diameter) is more preferably 30 to 70 μm, and even more preferably 40 to 60 μm.

[0016] (sheath thread) The organic fiber constituting the periphery (sheath yarn) of the core-sheath composite yarn (A) can be one or more types of fiber selected from synthetic fibers such as nylon fibers, polyester fibers, and polyvinyl alcohol fibers, semi-synthetic fibers such as acetate fibers and promix fibers, and natural fibers such as cotton and hemp, and / or one or more types of fiber selected from high-performance fibers such as aramid fibers (meta-aramid fibers, para-aramid fibers), wholly aromatic polyester fibers, polyparaphenylene benzobisoxazole fibers, polybenzimidazole fibers, polyamideimide fibers, and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers.

[0017] Even when a small-diameter (flexible) metal fiber is used as the core yarn, from the viewpoint of imparting tensile strength and cut strength (cut resistance) to the composite yarn, the proportion of high-performance fiber in the sheath yarn is preferably 10% by weight or more. More preferably, it is 30% by weight or more, and even more preferably, it is 50% by weight or more. Furthermore, the proportion of organic fiber other than the high-performance fiber in the sheath yarn is preferably 90% by weight or less. More preferably, it is 70% by weight or less, and even more preferably, it is 50% by weight or less. By using high-performance fiber in combination with other organic fiber, it is possible to impart various properties of the organic fiber, such as moisture absorption and texture.

[0018] Suitable high-performance fibers are those having raw yarn (filament) properties such as a tensile strength of 10 cN / dtex or more, preferably 15 cN / dtex or more, measured in accordance with JIS L 1013, and a tensile modulus of 400 cN / dtex or more, also measured in accordance with JIS L 1013. The use of such high-performance fibers can impart tensile strength, high bending resistance, and abrasion resistance to core-sheath composite yarns. Furthermore, the composite yarn can be imparted with cut resistance, which has the advantages of eliminating yarn breakage during knitting and eliminating the need for a yarn (companion yarn) that is aligned with or wrapped around the core yarn.

[0019] Among the high-performance fibers described above, aramid fibers are particularly preferred because of their excellent cut resistance. Aramid fibers include meta-aramid fibers and para-aramid fibers. Meta-aramid fibers include meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fibers such as polymetaphenylene isophthalamide fiber (manufactured by DuPont, trade name "Nomex"). Para-aramid fibers include para-type wholly aromatic polyamide fibers such as polyparaphenylene terephthalamide fiber (manufactured by Toray DuPont Co., Ltd., trade name "Kevlar") and copolyparaphenylene-3,4'-diphenyl ether terephthalamide fiber (manufactured by Teijin Limited, trade name "Technora"). Among these, para-aramid fibers are particularly preferred because of their excellent cut resistance and heat resistance, as well as high strength and high elastic modulus. Aramid fibers can be produced by known methods or methods equivalent thereto, and commercially available products such as those described above may also be used.

[0020] The fibers constituting the sheath yarn can be selected from filaments only, staple fibers only, or a combination of filaments and staple fibers. However, from the viewpoint of facilitating sheathing of the core yarn, staple fibers only are preferred. Staple fibers are usually used in the form of spun yarn. As the organic fiber, a blended spun yarn of staple fibers of high-performance fibers such as aramid fibers and cotton fibers with good spinnability is preferably used. This composition can impart the sheath yarn with the cut resistance of high-performance fibers and the flexibility of cotton fibers. The proportion of cotton fibers in the blended spun yarn is preferably in the range of 10 to 50% by weight, more preferably 30 to 50% by weight, and even more preferably 40 to 50% by mass.

[0021] The staple fibers of the above synthetic fibers, semi-synthetic fibers, and high-performance fibers are cut from crimped filament yarns (long fibers). The staple fibers preferably have a fineness of 1.0 to 5.0 dtex, an average fiber length of 25 to 200 mm (preferably 30 to 110 mm), and a crimp count of 3 to 12 crimps (preferably 5 to 10 crimps) per 25.4 mm, as measured in accordance with JIS L 1015. If the crimp count is too low, it becomes difficult to obtain a spun yarn with a good texture and flexibility. Conversely, if the crimp count is too high, the strength may decrease due to buckling or abrasion of the aramid long fibers. For cotton fibers, medium-strength cotton (fiber length: 26.2 to 27.8 mm) or long-stripe cotton (fiber length: 28.6 to 33.3 mm) is used. In order to improve the quality stability of the blended yarn and prevent problems during the spinning process, it is advisable to make the fiber length of the high-performance staple fiber as close as possible to the fiber length of the natural fiber.

[0022] The method for producing the blended yarn is not particularly limited, and existing cotton spinning, staple spinning, or worsted spinning equipment can be used. The thickness of the blended yarn depends on the application, but is usually preferably 5 to 40 count in English cotton count, more preferably 8 to 20 count. If the count is less than 5, the blended yarn is less processable, and if the count is more than 40, it becomes difficult to obtain sufficient tensile strength. The blended yarn is in the form of a single spun yarn or a two-ply spun yarn made by aligning two single spun yarns and twisting them in the opposite direction to the single spun yarn. Similarly, in the case of a two-ply spun yarn, a British cotton count of 5 / 2 to 40 / 2 is desirable, and within this range, processability is not significantly impaired. In British cotton count, a thread length of 768.10 m (840 yards) per 453.6 g (1 pound) is called count 1, and the thinner the thread, the higher the count number. Hereinafter, "British cotton count" will be abbreviated as "cotton count."

[0023] (Covering) A core-sheath composite yarn in which an inorganic fiber (core yarn) is surrounded by an organic fiber can be produced by a known method of covering the core yarn with an organic fiber. For example, when covering a metal fiber with a blended spun yarn (roving), a method of covering the roving of the roving blended spun yarn with an inorganic fiber in the spinning process can be adopted. The twist number during covering is preferably 10 to 20 t / in (inch), more preferably 10 to 15 t / inch. Furthermore, it is preferable to perform twisting so that the twist coefficient (K) calculated by the following formula (1) is in the range of 2.5 to 6.0. If the twist coefficient (K) is less than 2.5, the entanglement between the staple fibers of the high-performance fiber becomes too weak, and the ends of the staple fibers tend to protrude from the spun yarn, resulting in a sheath-core composite yarn that feels scratchy. On the other hand, if the twist coefficient (K) is more than 6.0, the twist becomes too strong, which increases the occurrence of double twist, deteriorating processability, reducing the tensile strength of the blended yarn, and deteriorating the feel. A more preferable twist coefficient (K) is in the range of 3.0 to 5.0. The twist direction of the spun single yarn may be either S or Z.

[0024] K=T / √N (1) (where T is the number of twists (t / inch) and N is the cotton count)

[0025] The covering by the sheath yarn may be not only single covering, in which the core yarn is covered in a single layer, but also double covering, in which the core yarn is covered twice. However, single covering is preferred because it allows the cut resistance of the inorganic fiber of the core yarn to be fully exhibited and results in a lightweight, thin fabric. In the case of double covering, it is preferable that the twist direction of the covering above the sheath yarn be opposite to the twist direction of the covering below the sheath yarn in order to cancel out torque.

[0026] The ratio (weight ratio) of the core yarn to the sheath yarn in the above-mentioned core-sheath composite yarn (A) is preferably 15-50 / 50-85, more preferably 20-40 / 60-80. When the core yarn is 15% by weight or more, the cut resistance of the sheath-core yarn is not significantly reduced. Furthermore, when the sheath yarn is 50% by weight or more, the stretchability and flexibility of the sheath-core yarn can be ensured.

[0027] The thickness of the core-sheath composite yarn (A) is affected by the fineness of the core yarn and sheath yarn, the number of twists of the sheath yarn when covering, etc., but it is preferable to adjust it so that the cotton count is 5 to 20, more preferably 7 to 15. If the count is 5 or more, the yarn is not too thick, so that flexibility does not decrease significantly. On the other hand, if the count is 20 or less, the yarn is not too thin, so that cut resistance does not become insufficient.

[0028] [Sheath-core composite yarn (B)] The sheath-core composite yarn (B) of the present invention is similar to the sheath-core composite yarn (A) except that an elastic fiber is used as the core yarn. The sheath-core composite yarn containing the elastic fiber contributes to improving the wearing comfort of the fabric.

[0029] (core thread) Examples of the elastic fiber constituting the core yarn of the core-sheath composite yarn (B) include polyurethane-based elastic fibers, polyester-based elastomer fibers, false-twisted crimped yarns, etc. Among these, polyurethane-based elastic fibers are preferred because of their excellent elasticity and good processability.

[0030] The stretch fiber preferably has a fineness in the range of 10 to 200 dtex, more preferably 20 to 150 dtex, and even more preferably 40 to 100 dtex. A fineness of 10 dtex or more prevents yarn breakage during sheath yarn covering or fabric knitting, improving the fit of protective fabrics such as gloves when worn. Furthermore, a fineness of 200 dtex or less prevents the composite yarn from having excessively strong stretch and contraction power, so that the fit and flexibility of protective fabrics when worn are not significantly impaired when knitted or woven. Furthermore, the composite yarn does not become incompatible with the gauge of a glove knitting machine.

[0031] From the viewpoint of imparting stretchability to the core-sheath composite yarn (B), the breaking elongation of the elastic yarn is preferably 200% or more, more preferably 300% or more. If it is less than 200%, there is a risk that sufficient stretchability will not be obtained when the fabric is knitted.

[0032] (sheath thread) The type and properties of the organic fiber constituting the periphery (sheath yarn) of the core-sheath composite yarn (B) are the same as those of the sheath yarn of the core-sheath composite yarn (A). As with the core-sheath composite yarn (A), the sheath yarn can be made of filaments only, staple fibers only, or a combination of filaments and staple fibers. However, from the viewpoint of facilitating sheathing of the core yarn, it is preferable to use staple fibers only. Staple fibers are usually used in the form of spun yarns. As the organic fiber, it is preferable to use a blended spun yarn of staple fibers of high-performance fibers such as aramid fibers and cotton fibers. By using such a blend, it is possible to impart to the sheath yarn the cut resistance of high-performance fibers and the flexibility of cotton fibers. The properties of the staple fiber, the method for producing the blended yarn, and the thickness of the blended yarn are the same as those described for the sheath yarn of the core-sheath composite yarn (A).

[0033] The organic fiber constituting the periphery of the core yarn (sheath yarn) may be the same as or different from that in the sheath-core composite yarn (A). However, from the viewpoint of efficient production, it is preferable to use a blended yarn of high-performance staple fiber and cotton fiber, as in the sheath-core composite yarn (A).

[0034] (Covering) When covering the periphery of an elastic fiber (core yarn) with an organic fiber (sheath yarn), the draft ratio of the core yarn to the sheath yarn is preferably in the range of 1.5 to 4.0, more preferably 2.0 to 3.0. If the draft ratio is 1.5 or more, covering by the sheath yarn will not become uneven. Furthermore, if the draft ratio is 4.0 or less, yarn breakage during the covering process can be prevented.

[0035] The number of twists when covering with the sheath yarn is preferably 10 to 15 t / inch, more preferably 11 to 13 t / inch. The twist coefficient (K) represented by the above formula (1) is adjusted to 2.0 to 5.0, more preferably 2.5 to 4.0. The covering by the sheath yarn may be not only single covering, in which the periphery of the core yarn is covered in a single layer, but also double covering, in which the periphery of the core yarn is covered in a double layer, but single covering is preferred because it allows the effects of the elasticity and flexibility of the elastic fiber of the core yarn to be fully exerted and also allows a lightweight and thin fabric to be obtained. In the case of double covering, it is preferable that the twist direction of the covering above the sheath yarn be opposite to the twist direction of the covering below the sheath yarn in order to cancel out torque.

[0036] In the sheath-core composite yarn (B) of the present invention, the ratio (weight ratio) of the core yarn to the sheath yarn is preferably 3 to 15 / 85 to 97, and more preferably 5 to 10 / 90 to 95. When the core yarn is 3% by weight or more, the sheath-core yarn can be imparted with elasticity and flexibility, and when the sheath yarn is 85% by weight or more, the sheath-core yarn can be imparted with elasticity and flexibility without impairing the cut resistance provided by the high-performance fiber of the sheath yarn.

[0037] The thickness of the core-sheath composite yarn (B) is affected by the fineness of the core yarn and sheath yarn, the number of twists of the sheath yarn when covering, etc., but it is preferable to adjust it so that the cotton count is 5 to 30, more preferably 7 to 20. If the count is 5 or more, the yarn is not too thick, so that the stretchability does not decrease significantly. On the other hand, if the count is 30 or less, the strength as a yarn does not become insufficient.

[0038] [Composite yarn] The composite yarn of the present invention can be obtained by twisting (plying) the above-mentioned sheath-core composite yarn (A) and sheath-core composite yarn (B) together.

[0039] The number of sheath-core composite yarns (A) and sheath-core composite yarns (B) to be twisted together is not particularly limited, and one of each may be twisted together, or multiple of either may be twisted together, or multiple of each may be twisted together. If the number of sheath-core yarns used is large, the weight and thickness of the resulting composite yarn will increase. Therefore, when a protective fabric such as a glove is knitted, the fabric will be too heavy and thick, resulting in a poor fit when worn. Therefore, it is preferable to twist together one sheath-core composite yarn (A) and one sheath-core composite yarn (B). Although sheath-core composite yarns (A) and sheath-core composite yarns (B) of different fineness may be twisted together, it is preferable to twist sheath-core composite yarns (A) and sheath-core composite yarns (B) of the same fineness to impart a good balance of cut resistance, stretchability, and flexibility to the composite yarn.

[0040] The number of twists when twisting together the sheath-core composite yarn (A) and the sheath-core composite yarn (B) is preferably 3 to 10 t / inch, more preferably 4 to 8 t / inch. The twist coefficient (K) represented by the above formula (1) is preferably adjusted to 1.0 to 3.0, more preferably 1.5 to 2.5. If the twist coefficient is 1.0 or more, the yarns are twisted evenly, so that the composite yarn can be imparted with a good balance of cut resistance, stretchability, and flexibility. Furthermore, if the twist coefficient is 3.0 or less, the yarns are not twisted too tightly, so that a decrease in the stretchability and flexibility of the composite yarn can be prevented.

[0041] The proportion of organic fibers other than high-performance fibers in the composite yarn is preferably in the range of 10 to 50% by weight, more preferably 30 to 50% by weight, and even more preferably 40 to 50% by weight, from the viewpoint of ensuring the cut resistance, fit, and thickness of the fabric. As the organic fiber, cotton fiber is preferred because it has heat resistance, good spinnability, and can produce a flexible composite yarn, and can impart soft feel, thickness, water absorbency, etc. to the fabric. The proportion of elastic fiber in the composite yarn is preferably 1.5 to 5% by weight, more preferably 2 to 4% by weight, and even more preferably 2 to 3.5% by weight. If it is 1.5% by weight or more, elasticity can be imparted to the composite yarn, and if it is 5% by weight or less, a fabric with an appropriate fit can be obtained.

[0042] The thickness of the composite yarn is preferably a cotton count of 4 to 8, more preferably a cotton count of 5 to 7. If the cotton count is 4 or higher, the composite yarn will not be too thick, which will prevent a decrease in the fit of protective fabrics such as gloves when worn. On the other hand, if the cotton count is 8 or lower, the composite yarn will not be too thin, which will prevent a decrease in the cut resistance of protective fabrics such as gloves.

[0043] [Fabric] The composite yarn of the present invention is used as a material for fabrics (particularly protective fabrics) and is knitted into a knitted fabric or woven into a woven fabric. For knitted fabrics such as gloves, commercially available computerized glove knitting machines such as SFG and STJ (Shima Seiki Mfg. Co., Ltd.) are conveniently used. For woven fabrics such as workwear, general-purpose looms are used. The gauge number of the knitting machine should be selected appropriately depending on the required quality of the fabric. For example, by setting the gauge number to 7G to 13G, it is possible to produce fabrics with different thicknesses, i.e., different cut strengths (cut resistance).

[0044] The fabric of the present invention uses the composite yarn of the present invention in an amount of 30 to 100% by weight of the fabric. If the amount is less than 30% by weight, the effect (cut resistance) of the composite yarn of the present invention may be insufficient. It is more preferable to use 50% by weight or more, and even more preferably 70% by weight or more. The composite yarn of the present invention can also be used as a composite yarn obtained by mixing or twisting with other known fibers such as polyester fibers, nylon fibers, and polyvinyl alcohol fibers, as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.

[0045] When fabrics are made using the composite yarn of the present invention, it is desirable to weave or knit the fabric so that the cut resistance of the fabric according to the ISO 13997 test is 10 N or more, more preferably 15 N or more, and even more preferably 20 N or more. Since the cut resistance of the fabric of the present invention improves as the thickness increases, the desired cut resistance can be obtained by adjusting the thickness of the fabric. For example, when knitting gloves, the surface density (basis weight) of the palm or back of the hand is 200 to 600 g / m 2 If the basis weight is too small, the cut resistance will decrease, and if it is too large, the knitted fabric will become stiff and the fit will be poor. The more preferable areal density (basis weight) is 300 to 400 g / m 2 is.

[0046] In the present invention, the fabric made using the composite yarn provides gloves with a very good wearing comfort, so that the operation of inserting an elastic yarn by plating during knitting of the gloves is basically not required. However, if necessary, the knitted fabric may be knitted using the composite yarn as the ground yarn and a stretchable yarn or the like as the plating yarn. Plating knitting, also known as plating knitting, is a knitting technique in which two types of yarn are used, one of which covers the other. Plating knitting is performed on the base yarn, allowing different yarns to appear on the front and back. Elastic yarns such as polyurethane elastic yarns and woolly nylon yarns are preferred as plating yarns, but non-elastic yarns such as aramid spun yarns and high-performance fibers can also be used as long as they do not impair the effects of the present invention.

[0047] In plating knitting, either the ground yarn or the plated yarn is placed on the outer or inner surface. When knitting with the ground yarn on the outer surface and the plated yarn on the inner surface, the glove is left as is. When knitting with the ground yarn on the inner surface and the plated yarn on the outer surface, the knitted glove is reversed in the inner / outer directions, and the final glove is placed with the ground yarn on the outer surface and the plated yarn on the inner surface. This relatively reduces contact between the cut-resistant ground yarn and the user's skin when wearing the gloves, and allowing the stretchy plated yarn to come into contact with the skin improves comfort. The cut-resistant ground yarn on the outer surface also protects the plated yarn on the inner surface from damage caused by external sharp objects during work, thereby increasing the durability of the gloves. Either of these knitting methods can be adopted depending on factors such as ease of knitting. [Example]

[0048] Next, the present invention will be described in more detail using examples and comparative examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples. The physical properties and the like were evaluated according to the following methods.

[0049] [Count or fineness] The count or fineness of the core-sheath composite yarn (A), the core-sheath composite yarn (B), and the composite yarn obtained by plying and twisting these two yarns were determined according to JIS L 1013:2010 Chemical Fiber Filament Yarn Test Method 8.3 B Method (simplified method). F0 = 1000 × m / L × (100 + R0) / 100 (F0: exact fineness (tex), m: bone dry weight of sample (g), L: sample length (m), R0: process moisture content (%) as defined in JIS L 0105, 4.1) The yarn count was calculated from the correct fineness.

[0050] [Glove thickness] The thickness of the gloves was measured according to JIS L 1096:2010 Fabric Testing Method for Woven and Knitted Fabrics 8.4.

[0051] [Cutting strength and cut resistance (difficulty in cutting)] The cutting force (N) of the palm of the glove was measured in accordance with ISO 13997. The measuring device used was the TDM-100 manufactured by RGI. Cutting force (N) vs. fabric weight (g / m 2 ) and multiplied by 100 to determine the cut resistance. The higher the cut resistance value, the more difficult it was to cut.

[0052] [Fit] A wear test was conducted with five subjects. All subjects rated the dexterity at level 5 according to 5.2 of EN 420:2003 Protective gloves - General requirements and test methods. If five out of five subjects rated the fit as "good," it was marked as ◎ (pass), if three or more out of five subjects rated the fit as "good," it was marked as ○ (pass), if two out of five subjects rated the fit as "good," it was marked as △, and otherwise it was marked × (fail).

[0053] Example 1 A single stainless steel fine wire (manufactured by Nippon Seisen Co., Ltd., diameter: 50 μm, specific gravity: 7.98) was wound in the Z direction with a blended yarn (Kevlar / cotton = 55 / 45 (weight ratio)) consisting of a short aramid fiber (Kevlar (registered trademark)) (fiber length: 38 mm) and medium-length cotton at a twist rate of 12 t / inch to produce a sheath-core composite yarn (A) with a cotton count of 10 (s). The twist factor of this sheath-core composite yarn (A) was 3.8. On the other hand, the same blended yarn as above, consisting of Kevlar and medium-strength cotton, was wound around a polyurethane elastic fiber, Lycra 78T (registered trademark) (manufactured by Toray Opelontex Co., Ltd., fineness: 78 dtex, elongation at break: 530%) in the Z direction with a twist rate of 12 t / inch to produce a sheath-core composite yarn (B) with a cotton count of 10 (s). The twist factor of this sheath-core composite yarn (B) was 3.8.

[0054] The resulting sheath-core composite yarn (A) and sheath-core composite yarn (B) were aligned and twisted together in the S direction at a twist rate of 5 t / inch to produce a composite yarn. The composite yarn had a fineness of 1181 dtex, a cotton count of 5 (s), and a twist factor of 2.2. The blend ratio of each fiber constituting the composite yarn is aramid / cotton / metal / polyurethane=46 / 38 / 13 / 3 (weight %).

[0055] One strand of the composite yarn obtained was fed to a 10-gauge glove knitting machine (Shima Seiki Mfg. Co., Ltd.) to knit a glove. The basis weight and thickness of the resulting glove were measured, and the cut strength, cut resistance, and fit were evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0056] (Comparative Example 1) Instead of the sheath-core composite yarn (A) used in Example 1, a Kevlar and cotton blended yarn (Kevlar / cotton = 55 / 45 (weight ratio), twist number: 12 t / inch, twist coefficient: 3.8, cotton count 10(s)) was used. This blended yarn and one of the sheath-core composite yarns (B) obtained in Example 1 were aligned and twisted in the S direction at a twist number of 5 t / inch to produce a composite yarn. The composite yarn had a fineness of 1181 dtex, a cotton count of 5(s), and a twist coefficient of 2.2. The blend ratio of each fiber constituting the composite yarn is aramid / cotton / polyurethane=53 / 44 / 3 (weight %).

[0057] One strand of the composite yarn obtained was fed to a 10-gauge glove knitting machine (Shima Seiki Mfg. Co., Ltd.) to knit a glove. The basis weight and thickness of the resulting glove were measured, and the cut strength, cut resistance, and fit were evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0058] (Comparative Example 2) The Kevlar and cotton blended yarn obtained in Comparative Example 1 was used instead of the sheath-core composite yarn (B) used in Example 1. One sheath-core composite yarn (A) obtained in Example 1 and one of the blended yarns were aligned and twisted together in the S direction at a twist rate of 5 t / inch to produce a composite yarn. The composite yarn had a fineness of 1181 dtex, a cotton count of 5 (s), and a twist factor of 2.2. The blend ratio of each fiber constituting the composite yarn is aramid / cotton / metal = 48 / 39 / 13 (weight %).

[0059] One strand of the composite yarn obtained was fed to a 10-gauge glove knitting machine (Shima Seiki Mfg. Co., Ltd.) to knit a glove. The basis weight and thickness of the resulting glove were measured, and the cut strength, cut resistance, and fit were evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0060] (Comparative Example 3) One strand of the composite yarn obtained in Comparative Example 2 was used together with one core-sheath yarn consisting of Lycra 44T (registered trademark) (manufactured by Toray Opelontex Co., Ltd., fineness: 44 dtex, elongation at break: 530%) as the core yarn and Woolly Nylon 78T (fineness: 78 dtex) as the sheath yarn as plating yarn, and these were fed into a 10-gauge glove knitting machine (manufactured by Shima Seiki Mfg. Co., Ltd.) to knit gloves. The basis weight and thickness of the resulting gloves were measured, and their cut strength, cut resistance, and fit were evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1. The blend ratio of each fiber constituting the composite yarn is aramid / cotton / metal = 48 / 39 / 13 (weight %).

[0061] Example 2 Except for using Lycra 44T (registered trademark) as the polyurethane-based elastic fiber, a core-sheath composite yarn (B) was produced in the same manner as in Example 1. The twist number of the core-sheath composite yarn (B) was 12 t / inch, the twist coefficient was 2.7, and the cotton count was 20(s). One sheath-core composite yarn (A) obtained in Example 1 and one sheath-core composite yarn (B) were aligned, and a composite yarn was produced in the same manner as in Example 1. The composite yarn had a fineness of 886 dtex, a cotton count of 6.7 (s), and a twist coefficient of 1.9. The blend ratio of each fiber constituting the composite yarn is aramid / cotton / metal / polyurethane=44 / 36 / 18 / 2 (weight %).

[0062] One strand of the composite yarn obtained was fed to a 13-gauge glove knitting machine (Shima Seiki Mfg. Co., Ltd.) to knit a glove. The basis weight and thickness of the resulting glove were measured, and the cut strength, cut resistance, and fit were evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0063] Comparative Example 4 Instead of the sheath-core composite yarn (A), the Kevlar and cotton blended yarn obtained in Comparative Example 1 was used. One blended yarn and one sheath-core composite yarn (B) obtained in Example 2 were aligned and twisted together in the S direction at a twist rate of 5 t / inch to produce a composite yarn. The composite yarn had a fineness of 886 dtex, a cotton count of 6.7 (s), and a twist coefficient of 1.9. The blend ratio of each fiber constituting the composite yarn is aramid / cotton / polyurethane=54 / 44 / 2 (weight %).

[0064] One strand of the composite yarn obtained was fed to a 13-gauge glove knitting machine (Shima Seiki Mfg. Co., Ltd.) to knit a glove. The basis weight and thickness of the resulting glove were measured, and the cut strength, cut resistance, and fit were evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0065] Example 3 One strand of the composite yarn obtained in Example 2 was used together with one strand of Woolly Nylon 156T (fineness: 156 dtex) as plating yarn and fed to a 10-gauge glove knitting machine (manufactured by Shima Seiki Mfg. Co., Ltd.) to knit gloves. The basis weight and thickness of the obtained gloves were measured, and the cut strength, cut resistance, and fit were evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0066] Example 4 Two strands of the composite yarn obtained in Example 2 were used as plating yarns, and together with one strand of aramid (Kevlar (registered trademark) spun yarn (20s / 2)), they were fed into a 7-gauge glove knitting machine (manufactured by Shima Seiki Mfg. Co., Ltd.) to knit gloves. The basis weight and thickness of the obtained gloves were measured, and the cut strength, cut resistance, and fit were evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0067] Example 5 Reference Example A composite yarn was produced in the same manner as in Example 2, except that the Kevlar / cotton blended yarn used in Examples 1 to 4 was changed from 55 / 45 (weight ratio) to 90 / 10 (weight ratio). The blend ratio of each fiber constituting the composite yarn is aramid / cotton / metal / polyurethane=72 / 8 / 18 / 2 (weight %).

[0068] One strand of the composite yarn obtained was fed to a 13-gauge glove knitting machine (Shima Seiki Mfg. Co., Ltd.) to knit a glove. The basis weight and thickness of the resulting glove were measured, and the cut strength, cut resistance, and fit were evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0069] From Table 1, it can be seen that the gloves (woven fabric) of the present invention (Examples 1 and 2) made from composite yarn containing sheath-core composite yarn (A) (sheath-core composite spun yarn) with a metal fiber as the core yarn are superior in cut resistance compared to gloves (Comparative Examples 1 and 4) made from composite yarn not containing the sheath-core composite yarn (A).

[0070] Furthermore, it can be seen that the glove of the present invention (Example 1) made from a composite yarn obtained by plying and twisting a sheath-core composite yarn (A) (sheath-core composite spun yarn) having a metal fiber as the core yarn and a sheath-core composite yarn (B) (sheath-core composite spun yarn) having a polyurethane-based elastic fiber as the core yarn is thicker, has excellent cut resistance and a good fit compared to the glove (Comparative Example 2) made from a composite yarn obtained by plying and twisting an aramid and cotton blended yarn instead of the sheath-core composite yarn having an elastic fiber as the core yarn. Furthermore, to improve the fit of gloves using the composite yarn of Comparative Example 2, it is necessary to incorporate elastic fibers by plating (Comparative Example 3), but the method of Comparative Example 3 makes the knitting process of the gloves complicated. Even in this case, the cut resistance is significantly inferior to that of the gloves obtained in Example 1.

[0071] Furthermore, as shown in Examples 3 and 4, by using a plating yarn in combination with the composite yarn of the present invention, which is obtained by twisting together a sheath-core composite yarn (A) (sheath-core composite spun yarn) having a metal fiber as the core yarn and a sheath-core composite yarn (B) (sheath-core composite spun yarn) containing a polyurethane-based elastic fiber, it is possible to adjust the fineness for the glove knitting machine, and therefore it is possible to knit gloves that correspond to the gauge number of the glove knitting machine to be used.

[0072] Furthermore, as shown in Example 5, it can be seen that increasing the proportion of aramid in the blended yarn further improves cut resistance.

[0073] [Table 1] [Industrial Applicability]

[0074] The composite yarn of the present invention has cut resistance, stretchability, and flexibility, and can therefore impart cut resistance and a good fit to fabrics. Therefore, it can be suitably used for protective gloves such as work gloves for civil engineering and construction work, agricultural work, fishing, forestry, the food industry, medical care, and the high-tech industry, as well as various sports gloves, as well as protective clothing such as firefighting uniforms, work uniforms, sportswear, finger cots, and aprons.

Claims

1. A core-sheath composite yarn (A) (wherein the weight ratio of core yarn / sheath yarn is 15-50 / 50-85) which is made of a stainless steel fiber or tungsten steel fiber as a core yarn and an organic fiber (sheath yarn) as a periphery thereof; a core-sheath composite yarn (B) in which an elastic fiber is used as a core yarn and the surrounding area is made of an organic fiber (sheath yarn) (wherein the weight ratio of core yarn / sheath yarn is 3 to 15 / 85 to 97); It is made up of a double-twisted yarn, The organic fiber is a combination of 50% by weight or more of high-performance fiber and 50% by weight or less of organic fiber other than the high-performance fiber, The high-performance fiber is an aramid short fiber, and the organic fiber other than the high-performance fiber is a cotton fiber, the number of twists when twisting together the sheath-core composite yarn (A) and the sheath-core composite yarn (B) is 3 to 10 t / inch; The proportion of cotton fiber in the ply-twisted yarn is 30 to 50% by weight, The proportion of elastic fiber in the ply-twisted yarn is 1.5 to 5% by weight, The thickness and cotton count of the ply-twisted yarn is 4 to 8. A composite yarn characterized by:

2. 2. The composite yarn according to claim 1, wherein the elastic fiber is a polyurethane elastic fiber having a fineness of 10 to 200 dtex.

3. The composite yarn according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the twist coefficient (K) of the plied yarn, represented by the following formula (1), is 1.0 to 3.

0. K = T / √N (1) (where T represents the number of twists (t / inch) and N represents the yarn count (s))

4. A fabric comprising the composite yarn according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in an amount of 30 to 100% by weight of the fabric.

Images