Trenching blade and trenching machine

Abstract

To provide a ditching machine capable of improving manufacturability.SOLUTION: A ditching machine 1 includes a connection part 2 connected to a tractor, and a work part 3 that can be offset with respect to the connection part 2. The work part 3 includes a rotary shaft body 31 in a vertical direction, and a spiral blade body 32 rotating together with the rotary shaft body 31. The spiral blade body 32 has a first ditching blade 61 and a second ditching blade 62 that are flatly formed.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a trench digging blade and a trench digging machine that can improve manufacturability. [Background technology]

[0002] BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, a trenching machine such as that described in Patent Document 1 below is known.

[0003] This conventional trenching machine includes a connecting part (mounting part) that is connected to a traveling vehicle such as a tractor, and a working part that is movable (offsettable) in the left-right direction relative to the connecting part.

[0004] The working unit includes a vertical rotating shaft and a helical blade that rotates together with the rotating shaft, and the blade has a plurality of groove digging blades, each of which is a curved plate with a twisted, complex shape. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-195480 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] However, the above-described conventional configuration has a problem in that it is not easy to manufacture the trenching blade used in the spiral blade body of the trenching machine.

[0007] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above points, and has an object to provide a trench digging blade and a trench digging machine that can improve manufacturability. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] The trench digging blade according to the present invention is a trench digging blade used on the helical blade body of a trench digger that digs trenches in a field, the trench digging blade being formed in a flat plate shape. The trench digging blade according to the present invention is a trench digging blade used on the helical blade body of a trench digger that digs trenches in a field, the trench digging blade comprising a flat plate-shaped blade body and an attachment hole provided in the blade body for attaching the blade body to a mounting portion. The trench digging blade according to the present invention is a trench digging blade used on the helical blade body of a trench digger that digs trenches in a field, the trench digging blade comprising a flat plate-shaped blade body, an attachment hole provided in the blade body for attaching the blade body to a mounting portion, and an anti-rotation hole provided in the blade body for preventing rotation of the blade body relative to the mounting portion.

[0009] The present invention also relates to a trenching machine for digging trenches in a farm field, the trenching machine comprising a helical blade body having a plurality of trenching blades formed in a flat plate shape. The present invention also relates to a trenching machine for digging trenches in a farm field, the trenching machine comprising a rotating shaft and a helical blade body that rotates together with the rotating shaft, the helical blade body having a plurality of trenching blades formed in a flat plate shape, the rotating shaft having a rotation prevention portion that prevents the trenching blades from rotating relative to the rotating shaft. [Effects of the Invention]

[0010] According to the present invention, productivity can be improved. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0011] [Figure 1] 1 is a plan view of a trench digger according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a rotary trenching section (rotary trenching means) of the trenching machine. [Figure 4] FIG. [Figure 5] FIG. 2 is a side view of the lower end of the rotary groove digging portion. [Figure 6] FIG. 10 is a side view of the second trench digging blade of the rotary trench digging unit. [Figure 7] FIG. 2 is a plan view of the second trench digging blade. [Figure 8] FIG. 10 is a view showing the entire rotation prevention plate portion in the rotation groove excavation portion. [Figure 9] FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a modified example of the second trench digging blade. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0012] An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0013] In Figures 1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a trench digger that digs trenches in a field. This trench digger 1 is an agricultural machine that is used by being connected to the rear of a tractor (not shown), which is a vehicle that can travel in a field.

[0014] That is, the trench digger 1 is coupled to the rear of a tractor and performs trench digging work (agricultural work) while moving forward as the tractor travels forward. Note that the trench digger 1 is, for example, of a return type, and when it reaches a corner of a field, it is switched from the forward working state shown in Figure 1 to a reverse working state (not shown), and performs trench digging work while moving backward as the tractor travels backward.

[0015] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the trench excavator 1 comprises a connecting part (mounting part) 2 that is connected to the rear of the tractor, and a working part 3 that is an offset working part that is connected to this connecting part 2 via two pivoting arms (offset arms) 4 that are parallel to each other and can move (be offset) in the left-right direction relative to the connecting part 2.

[0016] The trenching machine 1 also includes an offset cylinder 6, which is a telescopic drive means for offsetting the working unit 3 relative to the connecting unit 2, and a return cylinder 7, which is a telescopic drive means for moving the working unit 3 to a predetermined reverse working position. Both cylinders 6, 7 are, for example, electric hydraulic cylinders.

[0017] The connecting unit 2 is equipped with a connecting machine frame 11 that is detachably connected to a three-point link at the rear of the tractor. The connecting machine frame 11 has a shaft holding unit 12 in the center in the left-right direction, and this shaft holding unit 12 is rotatably provided with an input shaft (not shown) in the front-rear direction that is connected to the PTO shaft of the tractor via a joint.

[0018] The power (rotational power) input to the input shaft is transmitted by power transmission means 13 to rotary trenching means 21, which is the driving rotation part of working unit 3. Power transmission means 13 is composed of, for example, a joint 14 installed between connecting unit 2 and working unit 3, gears in a transmission case 15 of working unit 3, a chain in a chain case 16 of working unit 3, etc.

[0019] The working unit 3 is equipped with rotary trenching means 21, which is a trench forming means that digs up soil in the field while rotating in a predetermined direction based on power from the input shaft side, and forms a concave trench in the field surface, an upper cover 22 that covers the upper part of the rotary trenching means 21, a scattering prevention cover 23 arranged on the side of the rotary trenching means 21, and a trench shaping body 24 arranged behind the rotary trenching means 21. The trench shaping body 24 has a pair of left and right compaction plates 25 that are spaced apart and face each other.

[0020] As shown in Figures 3 to 7, the rotary trench digging means 21 comprises a vertical rotating shaft 31 that rotates in a predetermined direction (rotation direction) based on power from the input shaft side, and a spiral blade 32 that is attached to the rotating shaft 31 from the lower side to the upper side and rotates together with the rotating shaft 31 to dig up soil in the field.

[0021] The rotary trench digging means 21 also includes a horizontal plate-shaped bottom blade body 33 that is provided at the lower end of the rotating shaft body 31 and cuts the soil in the field while rotating together with the rotating shaft body 31, and vertical plate-shaped soil skipping bodies 34a, 34b that are provided at the top of the rotating shaft body 31 and that rotate together with the rotating shaft body 31 to skip and discharge the soil dug up by the spiral blade body 32 to the side.

[0022] Rotating shaft 31 has a cylindrical shaft main body 36 having an axial direction in the up-down direction. Insertion portion 41 of insertion member 37 is inserted into the inner peripheral side of the lower end of shaft main body 36, and insertion member 37 is fixed to shaft main body 36 by a shaft lock bolt 38 serving as fixing means.

[0023] The insert member 37 has a round pipe-shaped insert portion 41 inserted into the shaft body portion 36, and a flat plate-shaped non-insertion portion 42 provided at the lower end of the insert portion 41. The flat plate-shaped bottom cutting blade 33 is detachably attached to the lower surface of the non-insertion portion 42 of the insert member 37 by attachment means 43 (e.g., bolts and nuts, etc.).

[0024] The bottom blade body 33 is made of, for example, metal and has a blade main body portion 46 formed in the shape of a flat plate having an approximately rectangular shape, and a hard metal portion 47 which is attached to the underside of the blade main body portion 46 by welding or the like and is a hard portion harder than the blade main body portion 46.

[0025] Furthermore, a plurality of (for example, two) flat protruding plate portions 48a, 48b of different sizes are fixedly provided by welding or the like on the outer peripheral surface of the upper end of the shaft main body portion 36 of the rotating shaft body 31. The flat soil skipping body 34a is detachably attached to one of the protruding plate portions 48a by attachment means (for example, bolts and nuts, etc.) 49, and the bent plate-shaped soil skipping body 34b is detachably attached to the other protruding plate portion 48b by attachment means (for example, bolts and nuts, etc.) 49.

[0026] Furthermore, on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft main body portion 36 of the rotating shaft body 31, there are fixedly protruding, by welding or the like, a plurality (e.g., eight) of flat plate-shaped mounting portions 51, 52, which are aligned in a spiral direction and positioned at an incline, i.e., one first mounting portion 51 and seven second mounting portion 52.

[0027] Of these eight mounting plate portions (mounting plates) 51, 52, only the first mounting plate portion 51 located at the bottom has a slightly different shape from the other second mounting plate portions 52. The seven second mounting plate portions 52 basically have the same shape except for the different protrusion dimensions from the outer peripheral surface of the shaft main body 36.

[0028] Two mounting holes 53 are formed in the first mounting plate portion 51, while one mounting hole 54 is formed in each of the second mounting plate portions 52. A rod-shaped reinforcing portion 55 is fixed to the underside of the first mounting plate portion 51, and this reinforcing portion 55 protrudes from the outer peripheral surface of the shaft main body 36 by welding or the like.

[0029] A flat anti-rotation plate portion 56 is fixed to the upper side of the second mounting plate portion 52, and this anti-rotation plate portion 56 is fixedly protruded from the outer peripheral surface of the shaft main body portion 36 by welding or the like.

[0030] Here, the rotation prevention plate (positioning plate) 56 has a plate-like portion 57 fixed to the shaft main body 36 and the second mounting plate portion 52, and a first convex portion 58 and a second convex portion 59 protrude from the upper surface of this plate-like portion 57 (see FIG. 8). This rotation prevention plate 56 prevents (stops) rotation of the second trenching blade 62 relative to the second mounting plate portion 52 of the rotating shaft body 31. The rotating shaft body 31 is made up of the shaft main body 36, the insertion member 37, the protruding plate portion 48, the mounting plate portions 51 and 52, the reinforcing portion 55, the rotation prevention plate 56, etc.

[0031] The helical blade body 32 has a plurality (eight, for example) of flat groove digging blades (helical blades) 61, 62 that are aligned in the helical direction at an angle with the ends of adjacent blades overlapping one another in the helical direction, i.e., one first groove digging blade 61 and seven second groove digging blades 62. In other words, the helical blade body 32 is made up of a plurality, for example, eight metal groove digging blades (groove digging claws) 61, 62 that are formed in a flat plate shape that is easy to manufacture.

[0032] Of these eight groove digging blades (flat blades) 61, 62, only the lowest first groove digging blade 61 has a different shape from the other second groove digging blades 62, but the remaining seven second groove digging blades 62 are all of the same shape. The flat first groove digging blade 61 is detachably attached to the upper surface of the first plate-mounted portion 51 by attachment means (e.g., a square-head countersunk bolt and nut, etc.) 63, and the flat second groove digging blade 62 is detachably attached to the upper surface of the second plate-mounted portion 52 by attachment means (e.g., a square-head countersunk bolt and nut, etc.) 64.

[0033] Here, the first trench digging blade 61 is made of, for example, metal, and has a blade body portion 66 that is approximately arc-shaped and formed in a flat plate shape that is slightly elongated along the spiral direction, an attachment hole 67 provided in this blade body portion 66 for attaching the blade body portion 66 to the first attachment plate portion 51 of the rotating shaft body 31, and a hard metal portion 68 that is provided on the outer upper surface of the blade body portion 66 by welding or the like and is a hard portion that is harder than the blade body portion 66.

[0034] Two mounting holes 67 are formed, spaced apart, in a portion of the blade body 66 where the hard metal portion 68 is not provided. The square-head countersunk bolt 63a of the mounting means 63 is inserted into the mounting hole 67 of the first trench digging blade 61 and the mounting hole 53 of the first mounting plate portion 51, and a nut 63b is screwed onto the shank of the inserted square-head countersunk bolt 63a, thereby mounting the first trench digging blade 61 to the upper surface of the first mounting plate portion 51 (see FIG. 5). At this time, the upper surface of the head of the square-head countersunk bolt 63a is positioned approximately flush with the upper surface of the blade body 66 of the first trench digging blade 61.

[0035] The width dimension of the hard metal portion 68 is not constant along the longitudinal direction of the blade body portion 66, but gradually decreases from the lower end side to the upper end side of the blade body portion 66. The lower end of the blade body portion 66 of the first trench digging blade 61 abuts against the upper surface of the blade body portion 46 of the bottom blade body 33.

[0036] The second trench digging blade 62 is made of metal, for example, the same material as the first trench digging blade 61, and has an arc-shaped blade body portion 76 that is formed in a longitudinal and flat shape along the spiral direction, an attachment hole 77 provided in this blade body portion 76 for attaching the blade body portion 76 to the second mounting plate portion 52 of the rotating shaft 31, an anti-rotation hole 79 provided in the blade body portion 76 for preventing rotation of the blade body portion 76 relative to the second mounting plate portion 52 (rotation around the shank of the square root countersunk bolt relative to the mounting portion), and a hard metal portion 78 that is provided on the outside of the upper surface of the blade body portion 76 by welding or the like and is a hard portion that is harder than the blade body portion 76.

[0037] Only one mounting hole 77 is formed in a portion of the blade body 76 that does not have the hard metal portion 78. The square-head countersunk bolt 64a of the mounting means 64 is inserted into the mounting hole 77 of the second trench digging blade 62 and the mounting hole 54 of the second mounting plate portion 52, and a nut 64b is screwed onto the shank of the inserted square-head countersunk bolt 64a, thereby mounting the second trench digging blade 62 to the upper surface of the second mounting plate portion 52 (see FIG. 6). At this time, the upper surface of the head of the square-head countersunk bolt 64a is positioned flush with the upper surface of the blade body 76 of the second trench digging blade 62.

[0038] Like the mounting hole 77, only one anti-rotation hole (anti-rotation hole) 79 is formed in a portion of the blade body 76 that does not have the hard metal portion 78. The anti-rotation hole 79 is provided in the longitudinal center of the blade body 76, and the mounting hole 77 is provided on the lower end side of the blade body 76.

[0039] Then, when the first convex portion 58 of the anti-rotation plate portion 56 of the rotating shaft body 31 is inserted (fitted) into the anti-rotation hole 79, the second groove digging blade 62 is placed in a state (anti-rotation state) where it does not rotate around the shaft portion of the square-root countersunk bolt 64a relative to the second mounting plate portion 52.

[0040] Furthermore, rotation of the second trench digging blade 62 relative to the second mounting plate portion 52 is also prevented (restricted) by contact between the inner surface 76a of the blade body portion 76 and the closely opposed second convex portion 59. Note that the second convex portion 59 is not necessarily required, and for example, a configuration in which only the first convex portion (convex portion for preventing rotation) 58 is provided on the upper surface of the plate-shaped portion 57 of the rotation prevention plate portion 56 may be used.

[0041] The width dimension of the hard metal portion 78 is constant along the longitudinal direction of the blade body 76 from the lower end to the upper end of the blade body 76, and this width dimension is the same as the width dimension of the upper end of the hard metal portion 68 of the first trench digging blade 61. Furthermore, the width dimension A of the first trench digging blade 61 is larger than the width dimension B of each of the second trench digging blades 62.

[0042] Furthermore, the upper surface of the lower end of the lowest of the seven second trench digging blades 62 faces closely to the underside of the upper end of the adjacent first trench digging blade 61. Similarly, the upper surfaces of the lower ends of each second trench digging blade 62 other than the lowest face closely to the underside of the upper end of the adjacent second trench digging blade 62 below. Therefore, the lower ends of each second trench digging blade 62 are prevented from moving upward (lifting up) by abutting against the underside of the upper end of the adjacent trench digging blade. Furthermore, because the upper end of one trench digging blade overlaps the lower end of the other trench digging blade, soil moving on the spiral blade body 32 can be transferred smoothly.

[0043] Next, the operation of the trenching machine 1 will be described.

[0044] When the trench digger 1 is connected to the rear of a tractor and moved by the tractor, the rotary trench digging means 21 of the working unit 3 rotates in a predetermined direction to dig up the soil in the field and form a trench in the field.

[0045] At this time, the first trench digging blade 61 and each second trench digging blade 62 arranged in a spiral direction that constitutes the spiral blade body 32 rotate together with the rotating shaft body 31 and dig up the soil sequentially, and this dug-up soil is blown to the side and discharged by the soil blowing bodies 34a, 34b.

[0046] Furthermore, according to the trench digging machine 1 described above, the first trench digging blade 61 and the second trench digging blade 62 used in the spiral blade body 32 are formed as flat plates in their entirety, making them easier to manufacture than conventional machines and improving manufacturability, thereby enabling cost reductions, etc.

[0047] Furthermore, since the plurality of second trenching blades 62 formed in a flat plate shape are all identical, not only can they be manufactured at low cost, but there is also no risk of misassembling them when they are attached.

[0048] Furthermore, since each second trench digging blade 62 has only one mounting hole 77, multiple second trench digging blades 62 can be easily attached and detached, thereby reducing the assembly time.

[0049] In addition, a rotation prevention hole 79 is provided in the blade body portion 76 of each second trench digging blade 62 in addition to the mounting hole 77, and the first convex portion 58 of the rotation prevention plate portion 56 is inserted into this rotation prevention hole 79, so that rotation (misalignment) of the second trench digging blade 62 relative to the second mounting plate portion 52 of the rotating shaft body 31 can be appropriately prevented.

[0050] The second groove digging blade 62 of the helical blade body 32 of the rotary groove digging means 21 of the working unit 3 is not limited to the one shown in FIG. 7, but may be the one shown in FIG. 9, for example.

[0051] The second trenching blade 62 shown in FIG. 9 differs from that shown in FIG. 7 in that it does not have an anti-rotation hole, and only one mounting hole 77 is formed in the blade body 76 in the longitudinal center.

[0052] In addition, the rotating shaft body 31 shown in Figure 9 has multiple (e.g., two) flat plate-shaped rotation prevention plate portions 81, 82, i.e., for example, a first rotation prevention plate portion 81 and a second rotation prevention plate portion 82, which prevent rotation of the second trench digging blade 62 relative to the second mounting plate portion 52 of the rotating shaft body 31.

[0053] The first and second rotation prevention plates 81 and 82 are fixedly provided by welding or the like to protrude from the outer circumferential surface of the shaft main body 36, and the second mounting plate 52 is disposed between these two rotation prevention plates 81, 82. The second trenching blade 62 is prevented (restricted) from rotating relative to the second mounting plate 52 by the abutment between the inner surface 76a of the blade main body 76 and the abutment receiving portions 81a, 82a of the rotation prevention plates 81, 82.

[0054] On the other hand, in the above embodiment, the spiral blade body 32 has been described as having both a first trench digging blade 61 and a second trench digging blade 62 of two different types of flat shape, but it may also be configured to have multiple copies of only one of the first trench digging blades or the second trench digging blades, for example.

[0055] Furthermore, for example, the first trench digging blade may have one mounting hole and one anti-rotation hole on the flat blade body, or the second trench digging blade may have multiple mounting holes on the flat blade body.

[0056] Although the configuration in which a hard metal portion is provided on a portion of the upper surface of the blade body of each trench digging blade has been described, for example, a configuration in which a hard metal portion is provided on the entire upper surface of the blade body of each trench digging blade may also be used. Note that, although providing a hard metal portion is preferable for improving durability, it is not necessarily required.

[0057] Furthermore, the number of groove cutting blades (flat claws arranged in the spiral direction) that make up the spiral blade is not limited to eight as shown in the figure, but may be any number, for example, seven or less or nine or more.

[0058] It is also preferable to use a square-head countersunk bolt as the mounting means for mounting the groove cutting blade to the mounting portion, but it is also possible to use, for example, a general countersunk bolt or a hexagonal bolt.

[0059] Furthermore, the shape of the anti-rotation hole formed in the blade body of the groove digging blade is not limited to a perfect circle, but may be, for example, an ellipse, an oval, a rectangle, or the like. [Explanation of symbols]

[0060] 1 trencher 31 Rotating shaft 32 Spiral blade 51 First mounting plate portion which is a mounting portion 52 Second mounting plate portion which is a mounting portion 56 Rotation prevention plate part which is a rotation prevention part 61 Trenching blade No. 1 62 Second trenching blade 66 Blade body portion (blade body portion of first trench digging blade) 67 Mounting hole (mounting hole for first trenching blade) 76 Blade body portion (blade body portion of second trenching blade) 77 Mounting hole (mounting hole for second trenching blade) 79 Anti-rotation hole 81 First anti-rotation plate portion which is the anti-rotation portion 82 Second anti-rotation plate portion which is the anti-rotation portion

Claims

1. A trench digger for digging a trench in a field, It has a spiral blade, The spiral blade body has a plurality of groove cutting blades formed in a flat plate shape, The plurality of groove digging blades include groove digging blades adjacent to each other in a spiral direction, The upper end of one of the two trench digging blades and the lower end of the other of the two trench digging blades overlap each other. A trench digger characterized by:

2. A trench digger for digging a trench in a farm field, It has a spiral blade, The spiral blade body has a plurality of groove cutting blades formed in a flat plate shape, The plurality of groove digging blades include groove digging blades adjacent to each other in a spiral direction, The lower surface of the upper end of one of the two trench digging blades and the upper surface of the lower end of the other of the two trench digging blades are closely opposed to each other. A trench digger characterized by:

3. A trench digger for digging a trench in a farm field, It has a spiral blade, The spiral blade body has one first groove digging blade and a plurality of second groove digging blades, each of which is formed in a flat plate shape and is arranged in a spiral direction and is positioned at an angle, The upper surface of the lower end of the second trench digging blade located at the bottom of the plurality of second trench digging blades is closely opposed to the lower surface of the upper end of the adjacent lower first trench digging blade, and the upper surfaces of the lower ends of the second trench digging blades other than the lowest of the plurality of second trench digging blades are closely opposed to the lower surface of the upper end of the adjacent lower second trench digging blade. A trench digger characterized by:

4. The first trench digging blade is A flat blade body portion, two mounting holes provided in the blade body portion for mounting the blade body portion to a first mounting portion; The second trenching blade is A flat blade body portion, a mounting hole provided in the blade body portion for mounting the blade body portion to a second mounting portion; a rotation prevention hole provided in the blade body portion for preventing rotation of the blade body portion relative to the second mounting portion; 4. A trenching machine according to claim 3.

5. The first trench digging blade and the second trench digging blade each have a hard portion harder than the blade body portion on the outer upper surface of the blade body portion.

5. A trenching machine according to claim 4.

6. The first trench digging blade has two mounting holes in a part of the blade body where no hard part is provided, The second trenching blade has one mounting hole and a rotation prevention hole in a portion of the blade body where no hard portion is provided.

6. A trenching machine according to claim 5.

7. A trench digger for digging a trench in a farm field, A rotating shaft body, a helical blade body that rotates together with the rotating shaft body, The spiral blade body has a plurality of groove cutting blades formed in a flat plate shape, The rotating shaft body is a shaft main body portion; a rotation prevention portion that protrudes from the shaft body and prevents the groove cutting blade from rotating relative to the rotating shaft body; A trench digger characterized by:

8. The rotation prevention portion of the rotating shaft has a rotation prevention convex portion that is inserted into the rotation prevention hole of the groove digging blade to prevent rotation of the groove digging blade relative to the rotating shaft.

8. A trenching machine according to claim 7.

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