Orchard air blast ripper

Abstract

The application discloses an orchard air-blast soil loosening machine, comprising a high-pressure air-blast system, which is connected with a gas storage assembly through a pipeline; the gas storage assembly comprises a gas storage tank, a soil loosening rod and an air-blast drill bit; the air-blast drill bit is centrally controlled, and a pre-splitting structure is arranged on the side wall of the end connected with the soil loosening rod; the pre-splitting metal sheet is made of elastic metal material, is arranged in a semispherical shape, and a plurality of pre-splitting micro-slits are arranged on the side wall. The orchard air-blast soil loosening machine realizes accurate protection of root systems through multi-stage structure design. The pre-splitting metal sheet is made of elastic metal material, can be unfolded from a semispherical shape under the action of high-pressure gas, and the pre-splitting micro-slits increase to form a buffer blasting area; through experimental verification, the direct damage rate of root systems can be reduced by more than 60%. The main air-blast hole is arranged obliquely, and the gas impact force can be guided to the deep soil layer in cooperation with the drill bit cone angle of 30-45 DEG, so that direct impact on the shallow absorbing roots is avoided; compared with the traditional straight-hole air-blast mode, the root system survival rate is increased to 92%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural technology, and in particular to an orchard air-blast soil loosening machine. Background Technology

[0002] In orchard management, loose soil is crucial for ensuring root respiration, nutrient absorption, and fruit yield. Traditional methods of loosening soil mainly rely on mechanical tillage, manual digging, or chemical soil loosening agents, which have many limitations: mechanical tillage equipment is cumbersome and easily damages the root system of fruit trees, especially when the row spacing is small, making operation difficult and causing significant damage to soil structure, potentially leading to soil erosion; manual digging is inefficient and costly, making it difficult to meet the management needs of large-scale orchards; while chemical soil loosening agents can improve soil aeration in the short term, long-term use can cause soil compaction, decreased fertility, and even groundwater pollution.

[0003] With the development of modern agricultural technology, pneumatic soil loosening equipment has gradually gained attention. However, its existing technology still has significant shortcomings: traditional pneumatic soil loosening devices have a fixed gas injection angle, making it impossible to adjust the blasting range according to soil texture, resulting in uneven soil loosening; high-pressure gas is prone to pressure loss during transmission, reducing loosening efficiency; and there is a lack of targeted protection design for fruit tree roots, which may still cause impact damage to shallow roots during the loosening process. In addition, existing equipment lacks mobility and flexibility, making it difficult to adapt to orchard operations in complex terrains, and its low precision in adjusting the blasting depth cannot meet the loosening needs of fruit trees of different ages. Therefore, developing a new type of soil loosening equipment that is efficient, precise, and causes minimal damage to fruit trees has become an urgent need for upgrading current orchard management technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the problems in the prior art, the present invention aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an orchard air-blast soil loosening machine.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: an orchard air-explosion soil loosening machine, including a high-pressure air-explosion system; the system is connected to an air storage component through pipelines;

[0006] The gas storage assembly includes a gas storage tank, a ripping rod, and a gas explosion drill bit;

[0007] The air-blast drill bit is hollow, and the side wall at the end connected to the loosening rod has a pre-cracked structure.

[0008] The pre-cracked structure includes a pre-cracked metal sheet, which is made of an elastic metal material and is hemispherical. Multiple sets of pre-cracked micro-slits are opened on the sidewall of the pre-cracked metal sheet. When the high-pressure gas is discharged, the pre-cracked metal sheet expands from the middle outward and the pre-cracked micro-slits increase in size.

[0009] The sidewall of the air-explosion drill bit has a main air-explosion hole, which is set at an angle.

[0010] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0011] 1. This orchard air-blast soil loosening machine achieves precise root protection through a multi-stage structural design. The pre-splitting metal plate, made of elastic metal material, unfolds from a hemispherical shape under high-pressure gas, increasing the size of the pre-splitting micro-slits to form a buffer blast zone. Experiments have verified that this reduces the direct root damage rate by more than 60%. The main air-blasting hole is tilted, and with a drill bit cone angle of 30°–45°, the gas impact force is guided to deeper soil layers, avoiding direct impact on shallow absorbing roots. Compared with traditional straight-hole air-blasting methods, the root survival rate is increased to 92%. The sealing plate and sealing element's matching structure can precisely control the timing of air blasting, keeping the air passage sealed when not in operation, reducing the impact of misoperation on fruit trees. Field tests show that the decline in growth vigor of a single fruit tree after soil loosening is controlled within 5%.

[0012] 2. This invention significantly improves soil loosening efficiency through a dual-airway design and a spiral guide structure. The volume ratio of the first to the second airway is 1–1.6, allowing for dynamic adjustment of gas flow based on soil hardness. When operating in heavy clay soils, the loosening rate is 40% higher than that of single-airway equipment. The guide groove design of the spiral guide vanes creates a rotating impact force in the airflow, resulting in a 25%–30% increase in soil porosity and a loosening uniformity of over 85%. The diameter ratio of the pressurization chamber, D2 / D1 = 0.25–0.4, increases the gas outlet pressure to 3–4 times the inlet pressure. In sandy soils, a single gas explosion can create a loosened zone with a diameter of 1.2–1.5 meters, increasing operational efficiency by 3–5 times compared to traditional mechanical tillage, while simultaneously reducing surface soil disturbance and lowering the risk of soil erosion.

[0013] 3. The tracked chassis power system of this invention enables the equipment to achieve a 95% passability rate in orchard terrain with a slope of less than 15°. Combined with a linear motor-controlled air blasting depth adjustment mechanism, the depth control accuracy can reach ±2cm, meeting the soil loosening needs of fruit trees of different ages (30-50cm for young trees, 60-80cm for mature trees). The adjustment ring of the pre-splitting metal plate, in conjunction with the first electric control rod, can achieve stepless adjustment of the pre-splitting range. In orchards with soil organic matter content of 1.5%-3%, it can adaptively adjust the blasting intensity, keeping the soil loosening effect variation coefficient within 10%. The second electric control rod drive structure of the sealing plate has a response time of less than 0.5 seconds, achieving precise control of the air blasting timing. Combined with the remote operation function of the control valve, the operation process can be completed by a single person, reducing labor costs by 60%. Attached Figure Description

[0014] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0015] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a preferred embodiment of the orchard air-blast soil loosening machine provided by the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Axis view;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the gas storage tank;

[0018] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A partial sectional view;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the soil loosening rod;

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a gas explosion drill bit;

[0021] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the pre-cracked structure;

[0022] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the sealing element.

[0023] Figure label:

[0024] 100 - Tracked chassis power system; 200 - Fixed frame; 300 - High-pressure air explosion system; 400 - Linear motor;

[0025] 600 - Gas storage assembly; 610 - Gas storage tank; 611 - First air inlet; 612 - Second air inlet; 620 - Control valve; 630 - Loosening rod; 631 - First air passage; 632 - Second air passage; 633 - Spiral guide vane;

[0026] 640 - Pneumatic drill bit; 641 - Main pneumatic hole; 651 - Seal; 652 - Drive board; 653 - Sealing plate; 654 - Second electric control rod;

[0027] 660 - Pre-cracked structure; 661 - Adjusting ring; 662 - Pre-cracked metal sheet; 663 - First sealing ring; 664 - Fixed ring seat; 665 - Second sealing ring; 666 - First electric control rod. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0029] It should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0030] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0031] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the orchard air-explosion soil loosening machine of the present invention includes a high-pressure air-explosion system 300; the system is connected to an air storage component 600 through pipelines;

[0032] The gas storage assembly 600 includes a gas storage tank 610, a soil ripping rod 630, and a gas explosion drill bit 640;

[0033] The air-explosion drill bit 640 is hollow, and the side wall of the end connected to the loosening rod 630 is provided with a pre-splitting structure 660;

[0034] Pre-cracked metal sheet 662: The pre-cracked metal sheet 662 is made of elastic metal material, is hemispherical, and has multiple sets of pre-cracked micro-slits on its sidewalls; when the high-pressure gas is discharged, the pre-cracked metal sheet 662 expands outward from the center and the pre-cracked micro-slits increase in size;

[0035] The side wall of the air-explosion drill bit 640 has a main air-explosion hole 641.

[0036] The high-pressure gas explosion system 300 delivers gas to the gas storage component 600 via pipeline. The high-pressure gas stored in the gas storage tank 610 is delivered to the gas explosion drill bit 640 via the loosening rod 630. The pre-cracked metal sheet 662 unfolds under gas pressure, and the pre-cracked micro-slits enlarge to form initial cracking. The main gas explosion hole 641 injects high-pressure gas at an angle to complete the loosening of the soil. The pre-cracked metal sheet 662 is an elastic metal material that will return to its initial state after the high-pressure gas is released, enabling repeated use. At the same time, it can also prevent soil from entering the loosening rod 630 during the process of the gas explosion drill bit 640 entering the soil. Excessive soil entering the loosening rod 630 may cause internal blockage.

[0037] The pre-cracked structure 660 creates micro-cracks in the soil beforehand, reducing the energy required for the main gas explosion. Tests show that it can reduce gas consumption by 15% to 20%.

[0038] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the outer wall of the pre-cracked metal sheet 662 is fitted with an adjusting ring 661, and its outer wall is connected to the pre-cracked hole opened on the side wall of the air-blasting drill bit 640 through at least four sets of first electric control rods 666.

[0039] The outer wall of the adjusting ring 661 is sealed with the inner wall of the pre-splitting hole opened on the side wall of the air-blasting drill bit 640 through the first sealing ring 663.

[0040] The adjusting ring 661 controls the tilt angle of the pre-cracked metal sheet 662 through the first electric control rod 666. The angle of the gas explosion can be adjusted according to actual needs, which can loosen the soil from multiple angles. Then, the soil is further loosened by the main gas explosion. The first sealing ring 663 ensures the airtightness of the pre-cracked hole and ensures that high-pressure gas can flow out from the middle of the adjusting ring 661.

[0041] Among them, the pre-cracking range can be adjusted according to the soil texture through electronic control, and soil pre-cracking can be performed at different angles; the first sealing ring 663 controls the gas leakage rate to within 3% to ensure pressure stability.

[0042] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a fixing ring seat 664 is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the pre-splitting hole opened on the side wall of the air-explosion drill bit 640 by means of a second sealing ring 665.

[0043] The second sealing ring 665 is made of metal, the fixed ring seat 664 is trumpet-shaped, one end of the adjusting ring 661 extends into the fixed ring seat 664 and is connected by a soft rubber seal.

[0044] Specifically, the second sealing ring 665 is made of metal and works with the flared fixed ring seat 664 to enhance the sealing performance of the pre-cracked hole. The soft rubber connection realizes the dynamic sealing of the adjusting ring 661. During the rotation of the adjusting ring 661, the soft rubber reduces the leakage of gas between it and the fixed ring seat 664, while not affecting the adjustment of the angle of the adjusting ring 661.

[0045] Among them, the sealing performance of the metal sealing ring does not significantly decrease in the environment of -10℃ to 50℃. The fixed ring seat 664 makes the gas flow more concentrated. It is set in a funnel shape. The gas enters from the larger diameter opening of the funnel shape and enters the adjusting ring 661 from the smaller diameter end. The soft rubber seal can play a buffering role. At the same time, the funnel shape can accelerate the gas flow rate and increase the gas pressure to increase the soil loosening effect. The test shows that the pre-cracking effect is improved by 18%.

[0046] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the loosening rod 630 is hollow and internally divided into a first air passage 631 and a second air passage 632, with a volume ratio of 1 to 1.6 between the first air passage 631 and the second air passage 632.

[0047] The top of the tack rod 630 is equipped with a control valve 620, which is used to control the opening and closing of the first air passage 631 and the second air passage 632 respectively; the top of the control valve 620 is connected to an air storage tank 610, which includes a first air inlet 611 and a second air inlet 612, which supply gas to the first air passage 631 and the second air passage 632 respectively.

[0048] The second air passage 632 is provided with a spiral guide vane 633 in the middle. The upper surface of the spiral guide vane 633 is provided with a guide groove with a depth of 0.5 to 1 mm and a pitch of 8 to 12 mm. The guide direction is at an angle of 10° to 20° with the airflow direction.

[0049] The system features independent dual-channel control, with gas flow and on / off regulation via control valve 620. The gas storage tank 610 has two separate inlets for gas supply. Gas can enter the storage tank 610 through the first inlet 611 and then into the corresponding first gas channel 631. Alternatively, gas can enter the storage tank 610 through the second inlet 612 and then into the second gas channel 632. The gas pressure for pre-cracking or gas explosion varies depending on the soil depth, hardness, and moisture content. Independent control facilitates pressure regulation.

[0050] In areas with significant differences in soil hardness, the dual-airway switching can maintain stable operating efficiency. Comparative tests show that in alternating clay loam and sandy loam plots, efficiency fluctuations have decreased from 30% to less than 10%.

[0051] It should be noted that the spiral guide vane 633 causes the airflow in the second air passage 632 to rotate, and the guide groove guides the direction of the airflow.

[0052] Among these features, the rotating airflow subjectes soil particles to shear force, resulting in a 22% increase in the retention rate of soil aggregate structure after loosening; and the optimized flow angle reduces pressure loss by 8% to 12%.

[0053] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, the air-explosion drill bit 640 has a hollow pressurization cavity in the middle. The cone angle of the air-explosion drill bit 640 is 30° to 45°. The inlet diameter D1 and outlet diameter D2 of the pressurization cavity satisfy: D2 / D1=0.25 to 0.4.

[0054] Multiple sets of sealing plates 653 are fixedly installed above the main air blast hole 641 inside the air blast drill bit 640. The sealing plates 653 are arranged in a fan shape, and a sealing element 651 is provided at the bottom of the sealing plate 653 between two adjacent sealing plates 653. The sealing element 651 includes multiple sealing ridges, which are configured to cooperate with the main air blast hole 641.

[0055] A drive plate 652 is fixedly disposed on the top of the sealing element 651. The drive plate 652 contacts the bottom of the sealing sheet 653, and the area of ​​the drive plate 652 is larger than the gap area between the two sealing sheets 653. The upper surface of the drive plate 652 forms a seal at the contact position with the sealing sheet 653.

[0056] A second electric control rod 654 is hinged to one side of the drive plate 652, and the end of the second electric control rod 654 away from the drive plate 652 is connected to the bottom of the sealing sheet 653.

[0057] When the drive plate 652 seals the bottom of the sealing sheet 653, the sealing element 651 just seals the main air blast hole 641.

[0058] The design of the cone angle and the diameter ratio of the pressurized chamber in the air-explosion drill bit 640 multiplies the gas pressure within the chamber. The 30°–45° cone angle reduces soil penetration resistance by 25%, while the diameter ratio increases the outlet pressure by three times, resulting in a single-hole loosening volume of 0.8–1.2 m³. The sealing plate 653 and sealing element 651 work together to seal the main air-explosion hole 641, and the sealing ridge enhances the sealing effect, preventing soil from entering the air-explosion drill bit 640 during its entry into the soil.

[0059] Among them, the air circuit sealing performance reaches 99.5% in the non-operation state, avoiding pressure loss caused by gas leakage; the sector-shaped sealing plate 653 improves the opening response speed by 40%.

[0060] The drive plate 652 achieves auxiliary sealing by contacting the bottom of the sealing sheet 653, increasing the sealing area. The sealing reliability is improved to 99.8%, with no leakage under 0.8MPa air pressure, and the pressure holding time of the gas storage tank 610 is extended by 2 to 3 hours.

[0061] The telescopic end of the second electric control rod 654 drives the drive plate 652 and the sealing element 651 to work together to achieve synchronous sealing of the main air explosion hole 641.

[0062] The sealing and opening actions are 100% synchronized, preventing premature gas leakage and increasing the energy utilization rate of gas explosion by 15%. During the air intake process, the internal space of the gas explosion drill bit 640 is divided into multiple independent spaces by the multiple sealing ridges of the sealing element 651, which correspond to the main gas explosion hole 641, resulting in a better gas explosion effect.

[0063] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the air-explosion soil loosening machine includes a tracked chassis power system 100 for driving the air storage component 600 to move. The air storage component 600 is installed in the middle of the fixed frame 200 and its air explosion depth is controlled by a linear motor 400.

[0064] The tracked chassis drives the equipment to move, and the linear motor 400 adjusts the air explosion depth. The tracked movement reduces the ground pressure of the equipment to below 30 kPa, reducing the compaction of the orchard soil. The linear motor 400 adjustment ensures that the depth repeatability accuracy reaches ±1 mm, meeting the requirements of precision agriculture.

[0065] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0066] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. Orchard air-blast ripper, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a high-pressure gas explosion system, a gas storage assembly, a soil loosening rod and a gas explosion drill bit. The utility model discloses a high-pressure gas explosion system, a gas storage assembly, a soil loosening rod and a gas explosion drill bit. The utility model discloses a high-pressure gas explosion system, a gas storage assembly, a soil loosening rod and a gas explosion drill bit. The utility model discloses a high-pressure gas explosion system, a gas storage assembly, a soil loosening rod and a gas explosion drill bit. The utility model discloses a high-pressure gas explosion system, a gas storage assembly, a soil loosening rod and a gas explosion drill bit. The utility model discloses a high-pressure gas explosion system, a gas storage assembly, a soil loosening rod and a gas explosion drill bit. The utility model discloses a high-pressure gas explosion system, a gas storage assembly, a soil loosening rod and a gas explosion drill bit.

2. The air blast soil aerator for orchard as claimed in claim 1, characterized by The utility model discloses a high-pressure gas explosion system, a gas storage assembly, a soil loosening rod and a gas explosion drill bit. The utility model discloses a high-pressure gas explosion system, a gas storage assembly, a soil loosening rod and a gas explosion drill bit.

3. The air blast soil aerator for orchard as claimed in claim 1, characterized by The utility model discloses a high-pressure gas explosion system, a gas storage assembly, a soil loosening rod and a gas explosion drill bit. The utility model discloses a high-pressure gas explosion system, a gas storage assembly, a soil loosening rod and a gas explosion drill bit. The utility model discloses a high-pressure gas explosion system, a gas storage assembly, a soil loosening rod and a gas explosion drill bit.

4. The air blast soil aerator for orchards according to claim 3, characterized in that The utility model discloses a high-pressure gas explosion system, a gas storage assembly, a soil loosening rod and a gas explosion drill bit.

5. The air blast soil aerator for orchards according to claim 4, characterized in that The utility model discloses a high-pressure gas explosion system, a gas storage assembly, a soil loosening rod and a gas explosion drill bit.

6. The air blast soil aerator for orchards according to claim 5, characterized in that The utility model discloses a high-pressure gas explosion system, a gas storage assembly, a soil loosening rod and a gas explosion drill bit.

7. An air blast soil aerator for orchards as claimed in claim 6 wherein, The utility model discloses a high-pressure gas explosion system, a gas storage assembly, a soil loosening rod and a gas explosion drill bit.

8. The air blast soil aerator for orchards according to claim 7, characterized in that The utility model discloses a high-pressure gas explosion system, a gas storage assembly, a soil loosening rod and a gas explosion drill bit. The utility model discloses a high-pressure gas explosion system, a gas storage assembly, a soil loosening rod and a gas explosion drill bit.

9. The air blast soil aerator for orchards according to claim 1, characterized in that The utility model discloses a high-pressure gas explosion system, a gas storage assembly, a soil loosening rod and a gas explosion drill bit. The utility model discloses a high-pressure gas explosion system, a gas storage assembly, a soil loosening rod and a gas explosion drill bit. The utility model discloses a high-pressure gas explosion system, a gas storage assembly, a soil loosening rod and a gas explosion drill bit. The utility model discloses a high-pressure gas explosion system, a gas storage assembly, a soil loosening rod and a gas explosion drill bit. The utility model discloses a high-pressure gas explosion system, a gas storage assembly, a soil loosening rod and a gas explosion drill bit. The utility model discloses a high-pressure gas explosion system, a gas storage assembly, a soil loosening rod and a gas explosion drill bit. 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