Rail bond removal jig and rail bond removal device

Abstract

To provide a rail bond removing jig and a rail bond removing device capable of removing a rail bond by one person.SOLUTION: A rail bond removing device 1 includes a rail bond removing jig 2, a chisel 11, and an electric hammer 12. A mounting part 3 of the rail bond removing jig 2 is detachably mounted on the head part 92 of a rail 9. A guide part 4 is supported by the attachment part 3 and positions the chisel 11. A pedal 5 is lower than the head part 92 of the rail 9, higher than the bottom surface 93 of the rail 9, and located on the track outer side with respect to the mounting part 3. An arm part 6 supports the pedal 5 to the mounting part 3. The web 31 of the mounting part 3 is mounted on the top part 94 of the rail 9. An inner flange 32 extends downwardly from the raceway inner end of the web 31. A hooking part 33 projects from the lower end of the inner flange 32 toward the rail body portion 91 of the rail 9 and is hooked to the jaw part 95 of the rail 9. An outer flange 34 extends downwardly from the raceway outer end of the web 31.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a rail bond removal jig for removing a rail bond from a rail, and a rail bond removal device having the jig. [Background technology]

[0002] Railway rails have joints that are electrically connected by rail bonds to allow current to flow (see Japanese Industrial Standard JIS E3013 "Railway Signal Safety Terminology"). Rail bonds have terminals at both ends of the conductor for joining to the rail. The rail bond terminals are joined to the web of the rail on the outside of the track (see, for example, Patent Document 1). Rail vibrations caused by the running of railway vehicles can cause fatigue cracks at the joint with the rail, leading to fracture and detachment from the rail. For this reason, rail bonds are replaced as a preventive maintenance measure.

[0003] When replacing rail bonds or rails, the rail bonds must be removed, a task known as rail bond removal, which is performed by a team of two workers. Because rail bonds are firmly attached to the rail (see, for example, Patent Document 2), rail bond removal is not easy. One worker holds a chisel and places the tip of the chisel against the rail bond terminal, while the other worker strikes the chisel with a hammer to knock the rail bond terminal off the rail. This type of work requires skill, and since it is performed by two workers, work efficiency is low. Sometimes, as many as 100 rail bonds must be removed in one night's work, which can cause high levels of fatigue for the worker swinging the hammer. There is also a risk of industrial accidents caused by the hammer. Furthermore, the construction industry needs to address the declining and aging workforce. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-16145 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2016-107294 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] The present invention is intended to solve the above problems, and aims to provide a rail bond removal jig and rail bond removal device that allows one person to easily remove a rail bond. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The rail bond removal jig of the present invention is a jig for removing a rail bond from a rail, and comprises: a mounting part that is detachably attached to the head of the rail; a guide part that is supported on the mounting part and positions a chisel that strikes the terminal of the rail bond; a pedal that is lower than the head of the rail, higher than the bottom surface of the rail, and located outside the track from the mounting part; and an arm part that supports the pedal on the mounting part, and the mounting part has a web, an inner flange, a hook part, and an outer flange, the web is a part that is placed on the top of the rail, the inner flange is a part that extends downward from the end of the web on the inside of the track, the hook part protrudes from the lower end of the inner flange toward the web side and is a part that hooks onto the jaw part of the rail, and the outer flange is a part that extends downward from the end of the web on the outside of the track.

[0007] In this rail bond removal jig, the guide portion has a cylindrical portion through which the chisel shaft is inserted, the chisel shaft has freedom of striking direction relative to the cylindrical portion, and it is preferable that the inside of the cylindrical portion has a vertical width greater than the horizontal width in the longitudinal direction of the rail.

[0008] In this rail bond removal jig, the arm portion preferably has a shape that avoids interference with the rail fastening device when the mounting portion is attached to the head of the rail.

[0009] The rail bond removal device of the present invention is a device for removing a rail bond from a rail, and is characterized by comprising the rail bond removal jig, a chisel for striking the terminal of the rail bond, and an electric hammer for striking and driving the chisel. [Effects of the Invention]

[0010] The rail bond removal jig and rail bond removal device of the present invention are fixed to the rail by stepping on a pedal, and the chisel that strikes the terminal of the rail bond can be positioned using a guide section, so that a single worker can easily remove the rail bond. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0011] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a side view of a rail bond removal device according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a plan view of the chisel of the device. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a state in which a rail bond removal jig according to an embodiment of the present invention is attached to a rail. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a side view of the jig. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a plan view of the jig. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a front view of the jig seen from outside the track. [Figure 7] 7(a), (b), (c), and (d) are side views showing the attachment of the jig to the rail in chronological order. [Figure 8] FIG. 8(a) is a side view before the rail bond is removed by the rail bond removal device, and FIG. 8(b) is a side view after the rail bond has been removed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0012] A rail bond removal jig and rail bond removal device according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Figures 1 to 6. A rail bond has a conductor (bond wire) and terminals on both ends. As shown in Figure 1, the terminal 81 of the rail bond is joined to the web 91 on the outer side of the track of the rail 9 (the right side in Figure 1). The track has two rails. The inner side of the track of the rail is the side where the two rails face each other. The outer side of the track of the rail is the opposite side.

[0013] The rail bond removal device 1 is a device that removes a rail bond from a rail 9. The rail bond removal device 1 includes a rail bond removal jig 2, a chisel 11, and an electric hammer 12. The chisel 11 is a tool that strikes the terminal 81 of the rail bond. The electric hammer 12 is an electric tool that strikes the chisel 11.

[0014] As shown in FIG. 2, the chisel 11 is a tool for chipping, also called a chisel, made of steel, and has a shaft 111 and a blade 112. The blade 112 is located at the tip of the chisel 11 and is the part that comes into contact with the terminal 81 of the rail bond 8. In this embodiment, the chisel 11 is a flat chisel made of iron, and the width of the blade 112 is greater than the diameter of the shaft 111. The base end of the shaft 111 is attached to the electric hammer 12 by a chuck 121 of the electric hammer 12 (see FIG. 1).

[0015] The blade 112 of the chisel 11, which is a single-edged chisel with a flat bottom, leaves less wax residue on the rail 9 after removing the terminal 81 than a double-edged chisel. The blade 112 may be double-edged. A double-edged chisel is easy to use because it does not need to be distinguished between the top and bottom.

[0016] In this embodiment, the electric hammer 12 is a commercially available product. By using a commercially available electric hammer 12, the cost of the rail bond removal device 1 can be reduced. The electric hammer 12 is a rechargeable type that has a storage battery as a power source, and there is no need to secure an external power source on-site.

[0017] Figure 3 shows the rail bond removal jig 2 attached to the rail 9. The rail bond removal jig 2 is a jig for removing the rail bond 8 from the rail 9. In the example shown in Figure 3, the conductor of the rail bond 8 can be seen on the front side of the rail bond removal jig 2.

[0018] As shown in Figures 4 to 6, the rail bond removal jig 2 comprises a mounting portion 3, a guide portion 4, a pedal 5, and an arm portion 6. The mounting portion 3 is detachably attached to the head portion 92 of the rail 9. The guide portion 4 is supported by the mounting portion 3 and serves to position the chisel 11 that strikes the terminal 81 of the rail bond. The pedal 5 is lower than the head portion 92 of the rail 9, higher than the bottom surface 93 of the rail 9, and is located outside the track of the mounting portion 3 (right side in Figure 4). The arm portion 6 supports the pedal 5 on the mounting portion 3.

[0019] The mounting portion 3 has a web 31, an inner flange 32, a hook portion 33, and an outer flange 34. The web 31 is the portion that is placed on the top portion 94 of the rail 9. The inner flange 32 is the portion that extends downward from the end of the web 31 on the inside of the track. The hook portion 33 protrudes from the lower end of the inner flange 32 toward the web portion 91 of the rail 9 and is the portion that hooks onto the jaw portion 95 of the rail 9. The outer flange 34 is the portion that extends downward from the end of the web 31 on the outside of the track.

[0020] The guide portion 4 has a cylindrical portion 41 into which the shaft portion 111 of the chisel 11 is inserted. The shaft portion 111 of the chisel 11 has a degree of freedom in the striking direction relative to the cylindrical portion 41. The inner side of the cylindrical portion 41 has a vertical width V that is larger than a horizontal width W in the longitudinal direction of the rail.

[0021] The arm portion 6 has a shape that avoids interference with a rail fastening device 96 when the mounting portion 3 is attached to the head portion 92 of the rail 9 (see FIG. 3). The rail fastening device 96 is a device that fastens the rail 9 to a support such as a sleeper 97.

[0022] The configuration of the rail bond removal jig 2 will be described in further detail. The rail bond removal jig 2 is made of metal. The metal is iron or stainless steel. The mounting portion 3 has a cross-sectional shape similar to that of a channel steel and is formed by bending a metal plate (see Figure 4). The web 31 is flat. The inner flange 32 and the outer flange 34 face each other. The web 31 is placed on the head portion 94 of the rail 9, and the head portion 92 of the rail 9 is located between the inner flange 32 and the outer flange 34.

[0023] In this embodiment, the outer flange 34 has a protrusion 341 fixed to the surface facing the head 92 of the rail 9. The protrusion 341 reduces the gap between the head 92 of the rail 9 and the outer flange 34. The protrusion 341 may eliminate the gap between the head 92 of the rail 9 and the outer flange 34. Alternatively, the protrusion 341 may be omitted by reducing the gap between the upper parts of the inner flange 32 and the outer flange 34.

[0024] The outer flange 34 has a notch in the center extending from the bottom end to the top (see FIG. 3). The notch reaches a part of the web 31. The notch makes it easier to see the chisel 11 and the terminal 81 of the rail bond 8, and facilitates positioning of the chisel 11.

[0025] The guide portion 4 has a tubular portion 41 and a support plate 42 (see FIG. 4). In this embodiment, the tubular portion 41 is a rectangular tube (see FIG. 6). The shape of the tubular portion 41 is not limited to a rectangular tube, and may be, for example, an upside-down U-shaped cross section. The base end of the support plate 42 is fixed to the outer flange 34, and the tip end faces diagonally upward in side view (see FIG. 4). The tubular portion 41 is fixed to the upper surface near the upper end of the support plate 42. The chisel 11 inserted into the tubular portion 41 faces diagonally downward in side view.

[0026] The shaft 111 of the chisel 11 is thinner than the inner width W and length V of the cylindrical portion 41 and can move in the striking direction. In other words, the shaft 111 of the chisel 11 has a degree of freedom in the striking direction relative to the cylindrical portion 41.

[0027] By reducing the inner width W of the cylindrical portion 41 of the guide portion 4, the play (gap) of the chisel 11 within the cylindrical portion 41 in the rail longitudinal direction is minimized, making it difficult for the chisel 11 to slip. This allows the chisel 11 to strike the terminal 81 efficiently.

[0028] In order to bring the chisel 11 into contact with the rail bond terminal 81 at an optimal angle, the inner vertical width V of the cylindrical portion 41 of the guide unit 4 is set so that the angle of the chisel 11 can be changed within a certain range. In this embodiment, the angle of the chisel 11 relative to the horizontal plane can be adjusted within a range of 45° to 58° by setting the vertical width V. This makes it possible to adjust the angle of the chisel 11 and position the chisel 11 in the vertical direction even if there is variation in the height at which the rail bond terminal 81 is joined to the rail 9. Furthermore, by limiting the adjustment range of the angle of the chisel 11 with the guide unit 4, the positioning operation of the chisel 11 is stable and individual differences in the operation are reduced.

[0029] There are several types of rails with different cross-sectional shapes (see Japanese Industrial Standard JIS E1101 "Ordinary rails and special rails for turnouts"). For example, the commonly used 50kgN rails and 60kg rails have the same head width and head height, but different rail heights. The inner vertical width V of the cylindrical portion 41 can be adjusted to accommodate different rail heights, and the same rail bond removal jig 2 can be used for both 50kgN rails and 60kg rails.

[0030] The pedal 5, also called the foot pedal, is the part that is stepped on by the worker (user of the rail bond removal jig 2) (see FIG. 3). In this embodiment, the pedal 5 and the arm 6 are integral, have a three-sided rectangular shape in plan view (see FIG. 5), and are formed by bending a metal rod. The base end of the arm 6 is welded to the outer flange 34 (see FIG. 3). The pedal 5 is located at the tip end of the arm 6. The pedal 5 is a part of the metal rod that is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the rail. There are two arm portions 6, and they support both ends of the pedal 5. The middle portion 61 of the arm 6 is a part that may be located above the rail fastening device 96, is lower than the outer flange 34, higher than the rail fastening device 96, and extends outside the track. The pedal 5 is located at the end of the arm 6 that is outside the track.

[0031] As a modification of this embodiment, the plate-shaped outer flange 34 may be omitted, the base end of the arm portion 6 may be welded to the web 31, and the upper portion of the arm portion 6 may be used as the outer flange.

[0032] The attachment of the rail bond removal jig 2 configured as described above to the rail 9 will be described with reference to Figures 7(a), (b), (c), (d), etc. When the width of the cutting portion 112 of the chisel 11 (see Figure 2) is greater than the inner width W of the cylindrical portion 41 of the guide portion 4 (see Figure 5), the chisel 11 is first inserted into the cylindrical portion 41 from below, and the chisel 11 is attached to the electric hammer 12 (see Figure 1). The rail bond removal jig 2 is hooked onto the chisel 11. The worker moves along the rail 9, holding the electric hammer 12 with the chisel 11 hooked onto it. When the worker arrives at the work location, the rail bond removal jig 2 is attached to the rail 9. The chisel 11 and the electric hammer 12 are not shown in Figures 7(a) to (d).

[0033] As shown in Figure 7(a), one worker holds the web 31 of the mounting part 3 at an angle and places the hook part 33 against the jaw part 95 on the inside of the track of the rail 9. At this time, the position of the rail bond removal jig 2 in the rail longitudinal direction (perpendicular to the plane of the paper in Figure 7) is adjusted.

[0034] 7(b), when the guide part 4 is tilted to the outside of the track while the hook part 33 is hooked on the jaw part 95 on the inside of the track of the rail 9, the web 31 falls toward the top part 94 of the rail 9.

[0035] Then, as shown in FIG. 7( c ), the web 31 rests on the top portion 94 of the rail 9 .

[0036] 7(d), when the worker steps on the pedal 5 to apply a downward force (indicated by the white arrow), the mounting part 3, arm part 6, and pedal 5 function as a second-class lever. With the pedal 5 as the force point, the hook part 33 as the fulcrum, and the underside of the web 31 as the point of action, the mounting part 3 is pressed against the head part 92 of the rail 9, and the rail bond removal jig 2 is fixed to the rail 9.

[0037] Next, removal of the rail bond using the rail bond removal device 1 will be described with reference to Figures 8(a) and (b). As shown in Figure 8(a), the worker presses the pedal 5 and places the tip of the chisel 11 against the top of the rail bond terminal 81. The point where the chisel 11 is placed is preferably the top of the terminal 81 near the boundary with the rail 9. The electric hammer 12 then drives the chisel 11 to strike the terminal 81. Even if the rail bond removal jig 2 is subjected to vibrations from the electric hammer 12, the pedal 5 is pressed to fix the chisel 11 to the rail 9, preventing the chisel 11 from shaking.

[0038] 8(b), the impact causes the rail bond terminal 81 to come off from the rail body 91 of the rail 9.

[0039] Next, by releasing the pedal 5 and releasing the rail bond removal jig 2 from its attachment to the rail 9, as shown in Figures 7(d), (c), and (b), the rail bond removal jig 2 can be slid and moved in the longitudinal direction of the rail.

[0040] Then, the rail bond removal jig 2 is moved to the position of the terminal 81 of the next rail bond to be removed. The attachment of the rail bond removal jig 2 to the rail 9 and the removal of the rail bond by the rail bond removal device 1 are as described above. The rail bond is removed from the rail 9 by removing the terminals 81 at both ends of that rail bond.

[0041] As described above, the rail bond removal jig 2 of this embodiment is fixed to the rail 9 by stepping on the pedal 5, and the chisel 11 that strikes the terminal 81 of the rail bond can be positioned using the guide section 4, so that a single worker can easily remove the rail bond (see Figure 1).

[0042] The inside of the cylindrical portion 41 of the guide portion 4 has a vertical width V that is larger than the horizontal width W in the longitudinal direction of the rail. This makes it easy to position the chisel 11 in the longitudinal direction of the rail (direction of width W), and also makes it possible to position the chisel 11 in the height direction (direction of vertical width V) even if there is variation in the height at which the rail bond terminal 81 is joined to the rail 9.

[0043] The arm portion 6 has a shape that avoids interference with the rail fastening device 96 when the mounting portion 3 is attached to the head 92 of the rail 9 (see Figure 3), so the rail bond removal jig 2 can be attached to the rail 9 even in the position where the rail fastening device 96 is present.

[0044] Since the rail bond removal device 1 has an electric hammer 12, there is no need to swing the hammer by hand, and no skill is required for the work, which reduces work fatigue and the risk of work-related accidents (see Figure 1).

[0045] The present invention is not limited to the configuration of the above embodiment, and various modifications are possible within the scope of the invention. For example, the electric hammer 12 may be a hammer drill having an operation mode of "impact only." [Example]

[0046] The rail bond removal device 1 of this embodiment was used to remove the terminal 81 of the rail bond. The rail bond was of a commonly used type ("CL-70"). The cross-sectional area of ​​the bond wire of the rail bond ("CL-70") was 70 mm. 2 The work required one person. The time required to remove rail bond terminal 81 was 2 to 4 seconds per rail bond terminal. After removing multiple rail bonds, the worker's sense of fatigue was rated as "1," the lowest on a three-point scale.

[0047] (Comparative Example 1) The rail bond removal work was carried out using the conventional method without using the rail bond removal device 1 for the same type of rail bond as in Example 1. Two people were required for the work. The time required to remove the rail bond terminals 81 was 5 to 10 seconds per terminal. The worker's sense of fatigue was rated as "3," the highest on a three-point scale.

[0048] By using the rail bond removal device 1, construction time was shortened, the number of workers was reduced from two to one, and worker fatigue was significantly reduced. [Example]

[0049] A different type of rail bond ("HP type bond") was used in Example 1. The rail bond was a low-temperature soldering type, and could be reused after removal. Other conditions were the same as in Example 1. The work required one person. The time required to remove the rail bond terminals 81 was 2 seconds per terminal. The worker's sense of fatigue was rated as "1," the lowest of a three-point scale. (Comparative Example 2) The target rail bond was the same type as in Example 2. All other conditions were the same as in Comparative Example 1. Two workers were required for the work. The time required to remove the rail bond terminals 81 was 2 seconds per terminal. The worker's sense of fatigue was rated as "2," the middle level, on a three-point scale.

[0050] By using the rail bond removal device 1, the number of workers was reduced from two to one, reducing worker fatigue. [Explanation of symbols]

[0051] 1 Rail bond removal device 11 Chisel 12 Electric hammer 2 Rail bond removal jig 3 Mounting part 31 Web 32 Inner flange 33 Hook 34 Outer flange 4 Guide section 41 Cylinder part 5 pedals 6 Arm section

Claims

1. A rail bond removal jig for removing a rail bond from a rail, a mounting portion that is detachably attached to the head of the rail; a guide portion supported by the mounting portion for positioning a chisel that strikes the terminal of the rail bond; a pedal located lower than the head of the rail, higher than the bottom surface of the rail, and further outward from the mounting portion; an arm portion that supports the pedal on the mounting portion, The mounting portion has a web, an inner flange, a hook portion, and an outer flange, The web is a portion that is placed on the top of the rail, The inner flange is a portion extending downward from an end of the web on the inner side of the track, The hook portion protrudes from the lower end of the inner flange toward the rail body and is hooked onto the rail jaw portion, A rail bond removal jig characterized in that the outer flange is a portion extending downward from the outer end of the track of the web.

2. The guide portion has a cylindrical portion through which a shaft portion of the chisel is inserted, The shank of the chisel has a degree of freedom in the striking direction relative to the cylindrical portion, 2. The rail bond removal jig according to claim 1, wherein the inner side of the cylindrical portion has a vertical width greater than a horizontal width in the longitudinal direction of the rail.

3. 2. The rail bond removal jig according to claim 1, wherein the arm portion has a shape that avoids interference with a rail fastening device when the mounting portion is attached to the head of the rail.

4. A rail bond removal device for removing a rail bond from a rail, The rail bond removal jig according to any one of claims 1 to 3, A chisel for striking the rail bond terminal, and an electric hammer that impacts the chisel.

Images