Exterior wall unit, building structure, and installation method of exterior wall unit

Abstract

To provide an exterior wall unit, a building structure, and a method for attaching an exterior wall unit with excellent workability for attaching to an attached member of the building.SOLUTION: An exterior wall unit 1 comprises a frame unit 15 including a lower panel 11 and a lower frame 20, and a cover panel 12. The lower panel 11 is fixed to the lower frame 20 so as to leave an operable area S. An operator fixes the frame unit 15 to a beam 100 by operating fastening members 15S through the operable area S from outside a building. The cover panel 12 is attached to the lower frame 20 adjacent to the lower panel 11 so as to seal the operable area S and constitute an exterior wall surface H.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an exterior wall unit that constitutes the exterior wall of a building, a building structure, and a method for installing the exterior wall unit. [Background technology]

[0002] Exterior wall panels that are fixed to the skeleton (attached member) of a building and that constitute the exterior wall of the building have been known, and the exterior wall is constituted by arranging a plurality of exterior wall panels in a grid pattern from top to bottom and left to right. Patent Document 1 discloses an exterior wall structure that includes a panel base that is fixed to the skeleton in advance, a first fastening fitting fixed to the panel base, a panel that includes a second fastening fitting that can engage with the first fastening fitting, and a bending link that connects the panel base and the panel in a manner that allows them to be attached or detached.

[0003] In this exterior wall structure, one end of the bending / extension link is rotatably supported on the back surface of the exterior wall panel in advance, and the other end of the bending / extension link is rotatably fixed to the panel substrate. When the panel is pressed against the panel substrate, the bending / extension link bends, and the second locking fitting engages (snaps in) with the first locking fitting, and the panel is fixed in a position that forms the exterior wall surface of the building. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-360207 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] In the exterior wall structure described in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to attach the panel base to the frame in advance, and then attach each panel to the panel base in order, which poses the problem of time-consuming panel installation work at the work site.In addition, because all panels are supported by bending links and snap-in structures, if the panels are large, they are likely to fall off due to their weight, and if the panels are small, the number of panel bases and bending links increases relatively, which causes problems with the connection work taking a long time.

[0006] The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide an exterior wall unit, a building structure, and an installation method for an exterior wall unit that are easy to install on a building's mounting member. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] In order to improve the ease of installation work at work sites such as those described above, the inventor of the present invention came up with the new idea of ​​making the frame body and the exterior wall panel into a single unit in advance, and exposing the portion of the frame body that is to be attached to the attachment member to the outside of the building, thereby making it possible to install the unit to the attachment member from outside the building at the work site, and then covering the limited exposed portion with another panel.

[0008] Based on this concept, the present invention provides an exterior wall unit that is attached to a mounting member provided on a building and forms an exterior wall surface of the building. The exterior wall unit includes a frame unit and a rectangular cover panel that can be attached to the frame unit when the frame unit is attached to the mounting member. The frame unit includes a frame-shaped frame main body including fastening portions that are fastened to fastening portions provided on the mounting member via predetermined fastening members, and a rectangular fixing panel that is fixed to the frame main body and forms a part of the exterior wall surface. When the fastening portions are aligned with the fastening portions, the fixing panel is fixed to the outer surface of the frame main body so that the fixing panel forms a part of the exterior wall surface, leaving an operable area that allows the fastening members to be operated from outside the building. When the fastening portions of the frame unit are fastened to the fastening portions of the mounting member, the cover panel can be attached to the frame main body adjacent to the fixing panel so as to close the operable area and form the exterior wall surface.

[0009] According to this configuration, because the fixing panel is pre-fixed to the frame body, a large portion of the exterior wall of a building can be efficiently formed simply by attaching the frame unit to the support member. In this case, because the fixing panel is fixed to the frame body so as to leave an operable area for fastening the fastening portions of the frame body to the support member of the support member, the frame unit can be easily attached to the support member from outside the building at the work site. Furthermore, by attaching the cover panel to the frame body so as to cover the operable area, no part of the exterior wall is lost, resulting in an exterior wall that is both easy to work with and has a good appearance. Furthermore, compared to attaching a large panel that covers the entire frame body to a frame body that is pre-attached to a support member, this configuration does not require much time for panel alignment at the work site, improving the workability of installing exterior wall panels from outside the building. Furthermore, when attaching the cover panel to the frame body, workers can visually check the area around the fastening members through the operable area and confirm the installation status of the frame unit, preventing the cover frame from being installed with a defective frame unit.

[0010] In the above configuration, it is desirable to further include a panel support member that is supported by the frame main body and is capable of movably supporting the cover panel between a first position and a second position when the fastening portion of the frame unit is fastened to the fastening portion of the mounting member, wherein the first position is a position where the cover panel blocks the operable area and forms the outer wall surface together with the fixed panel, and the second position is a position where the surface of the cover panel is positioned further outward from the outer wall surface than the first position.

[0011] According to this configuration, the panel support member can support the cover panel movably between the first position and the second position, so that the cover panel can be attached with high precision from the second position to the first position.

[0012] In the above configuration, it is desirable that the panel support member has a first mounting member attached to the frame main body and a second mounting member attached to the cover panel, the first mounting member including a mounting portion that can be attached to the frame main body and a rotating portion that is journaled on the mounting portion so that it can rotate around a first axis that extends in a direction along the outer wall surface relative to the mounting portion, and the second mounting member includes a supported portion that is journaled on the rotating portion so that it can rotate around a second axis that is parallel to the first axis, and the cover panel can be moved between the first position and the second position by the rotating portion rotating around the first axis relative to the mounting portion and the supported portion rotating around the second axis relative to the rotating portion.

[0013] According to this configuration, the cover panel can be smoothly moved between the first position and the second position.

[0014] In the above configuration, it is preferable that the second mounting member further includes a movement prevention portion that prevents the cover panel from moving when the cover panel is placed in the first position.

[0015] According to this configuration, the cover panel can be prevented from moving from the first position to the second position.

[0016] In the above configuration, it is desirable that the rotating portion of the first mounting member and the supported portion of the second mounting member are supported via a shaft portion so as to be detachable outside the outer wall surface.

[0017] According to this configuration, the cover panel and the panel support member can be easily attached and detached without being affected by other exterior wall panels arranged around the cover panel.

[0018] In the above configuration, it is desirable that the frame further includes a locking member that is supported by the frame body and is capable of locking the cover panel in the first position, the locking member being supported by the frame body at a position different from the panel support member so that it can be operated from outside the building through a gap between the cover panel and another panel member adjacent to the cover panel, and being movable between a locking position that locks the cover panel in the first position and an unlocking position that unlocks the cover panel upon said operation.

[0019] This configuration prevents the cover panel from detaching from the first position. In particular, because the locking member can be operated through a gap (joint) adjacent to the cover panel, installation of the cover panel can be completed while the exterior wall panels are closely spaced.

[0020] In the above configuration, it is desirable that the frame main body of the frame unit has a pair of vertical bars extending vertically, a pair of first horizontal bars extending horizontally and connecting the pair of vertical bars to each other, and a second horizontal bar connecting the pair of vertical bars to each other between the pair of first horizontal bars, and that the operable area faces an area surrounded by one first horizontal bar of the pair of first horizontal bars, the pair of vertical bars, and the second horizontal bar, and that the fixed panel is fixed to the frame main body so as to block the area surrounded by the other first horizontal bar of the pair of first horizontal bars, the pair of vertical bars, and the second horizontal bar.

[0021] According to this configuration, since the second horizontal beam is provided between the cover panel and the fixed panel, the rigidity of the frame unit is maintained high, and the cover panel can be stably supported by the frame body of the frame unit.

[0022] The present invention also provides a building structure comprising a mounting base and an exterior wall unit attached to the mounting base to form an exterior wall surface. The exterior wall unit has a frame unit and a rectangular cover panel that can be attached to the frame unit when the frame unit is attached to the mounting base. The frame unit includes a frame-shaped frame main body including fastening parts that are fastened to fastening parts provided on the mounting base via predetermined fastening members, and a rectangular fixing panel that is fixed to the frame main body and forms a part of the exterior wall surface. When the fastening parts are aligned with the fastening parts, the fixing panel is fixed to the outer surface of the frame main body so that the fixing panel forms a part of the exterior wall surface, leaving an operable area that allows the fastening members to be operated from outside the exterior wall surface. When the fastening parts of the frame unit are fastened to the fastening parts of the mounting base, the cover panel can be attached to the frame main body adjacent to the fixing panel so as to close the operable area and form the exterior wall surface.

[0023] According to this configuration, since the fixing panel is fixed to the frame body in advance, a large portion of the exterior wall can be efficiently formed simply by attaching the frame unit to the support member. In this case, since the fixing panel is fixed to the frame body so as to leave an operable area for fastening the fastening portions of the frame body to the support member of the support member, the frame unit can be easily attached to the support member from outside the building structure (exterior wall surface) at the work site. Furthermore, by attaching the cover panel to the frame body so as to cover the operable area, no part of the exterior wall is lost, resulting in an exterior wall that is both easy to work with and has a good appearance. Furthermore, compared to attaching a large panel that covers the entire frame body to a frame body that has already been attached to the support member, aligning the panel at the work site does not require much time, improving the workability of attaching exterior wall panels from outside the building structure. Furthermore, when attaching the cover panel to the frame body, workers can visually check the area around the fastening members through the operable area and confirm the installation status of the frame unit, preventing the cover frame from being installed with a defective frame unit.

[0024] The present invention also provides a method for attaching an exterior wall unit that constitutes the exterior wall surface of a building to a mounting member provided on the building, the method comprising: a preparation step of preparing a frame unit that includes a frame-shaped frame main body including a fastening portion and a rectangular fixing panel fixed to the frame main body so as to leave a predetermined operable area; and a rectangular cover panel; a unit fixing step of aligning the fastening portion of the frame main body with the fastening portion of the mounting member and fastening the fastening portion to the fastening portion from outside the building through the operable area with a predetermined fastening member, thereby fixing the frame unit to the mounting member so that the fixing panel constitutes part of the exterior wall surface; and a cover panel mounting step of attaching the cover panel to the frame main body adjacent to the fixing panel so that the cover panel blocks the operable area and constitutes the exterior wall surface.

[0025] In the above method, it is desirable that the preparation step includes preparing a panel support member that can support the cover panel movably between a first position and a second position when the fastening portion of the frame unit is fastened to the fastening portion of the attachment member, the first position being a position where the cover panel blocks the operable area and forms the outer wall surface, and the second position being a position where the surface of the cover panel is positioned further outward from the outer wall surface than the first position, and that the cover panel attachment step includes moving the cover panel from the second position to the first position while supporting the cover panel with the panel support member.

[0026] In the above method, it is preferable that the preparation step includes preparing a panel support member having a first mounting member attached to the frame main body and a second mounting member attached to the cover panel, the first mounting member having a mounting portion that can be attached to the frame main body and a rotating portion that is journaled on the mounting portion so as to be rotatable around a first axis that extends in a direction along the outer wall surface relative to the mounting portion, and the second mounting member having a supported portion that is journaled so as to be rotatable around a second axis that is parallel to the first axis relative to the rotating portion, and the cover panel installation step includes rotating the rotating portion of the first mounting member attached to the frame main body around the first axis relative to the mounting portion toward the outside of the building, connecting the supported portion of the second mounting member attached to the cover panel to the rotating portion, and then rotating the supported portion around the second axis relative to the rotating portion while rotating the rotating portion around the first axis relative to the mounting portion, thereby moving the cover panel from the second position to the first position.

[0027] In the above method, it is desirable that the preparation step further includes preparing a panel support jig including a mounting surface on which the cover panel can be placed, and the cover panel installation step includes rotating the rotating portion of the first mounting member around the first axis relative to the mounting portion toward the outside of the building, engaging the panel support jig with the rotating portion, placing the cover panel on the mounting surface while supporting the panel support jig with the first mounting member, connecting the supported portion of the second mounting member to the rotating portion, and then removing the panel support jig from the rotating portion. [Effects of the Invention]

[0028] According to the present invention, an exterior wall unit, a building structure, and an exterior wall unit mounting method that are excellent in workability when mounting the unit to a mounting member of a building are provided. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0029] [Figure 1] 1 is a front view showing an exterior wall of a building according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] 1 is a front view showing the internal structure of an exterior wall of a building according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is an enlarged front view of a part of FIG. 2. [Figure 4] 1 is a side view showing an exterior wall of a building according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is an enlarged side view of a part of FIG. 4. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a bottom view showing the exterior wall of a building according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] FIG. 4 is a side view of a second mounting member of a panel support member according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8] FIG. 10 is a rear view of the second mounting member of the panel support member according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 9] FIG. 4 is a plan view of a second mounting member of a panel support member according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 10]FIG. 2 is a side view of a first mounting member of a panel support member according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 11] FIG. 4 is a rear view of the first mounting member of the panel support member according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 12] FIG. 2 is a plan view of a first mounting member of a panel support member according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 13] FIG. 2 is a side view of a locking member according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 14] FIG. 2 is a front view of a locking member according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 15] FIG. 2 is a plan view of a locking member according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 16] FIG. 1 is a front view of a panel support jig according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 17] FIG. 2 is a side view of a panel support jig according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 18] FIG. 1 is a plan view of a panel support jig according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 19] FIG. 2 is a side view showing the internal structure of the exterior wall of a building according to one embodiment of the present invention, illustrating the process of installing a cover panel. [Figure 20] FIG. 2 is a side view showing the internal structure of the exterior wall of a building according to one embodiment of the present invention, illustrating the process of installing a cover panel. [Figure 21] FIG. 2 is a side view showing the internal structure of the exterior wall of a building according to one embodiment of the present invention, illustrating the process of installing a cover panel. [Figure 22] FIG. 2 is a front view showing the exterior wall of a building according to one embodiment of the present invention, illustrating the process of attaching a cover panel. [Figure 23] FIG. 2 is a front view showing the exterior wall of a building according to one embodiment of the present invention, illustrating the process of attaching a cover panel. [Figure 24] FIG. 2 is a side view showing the internal structure of an exterior wall of a building according to a first modified embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 25] FIG. 2 is a front view showing the internal structure of an exterior wall of a building according to a first modified embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 26] FIG. 2 is a bottom view showing the internal structure of the exterior wall of a building according to a first modified embodiment of the present invention, illustrating the process of attaching a cover panel. [Figure 27] FIG. 2 is a bottom view showing the internal structure of the exterior wall of a building according to a first modified embodiment of the present invention, illustrating the process of attaching a cover panel. [Figure 28] FIG. 2 is a bottom view showing the internal structure of the exterior wall of a building according to a first modified embodiment of the present invention, illustrating the process of attaching a cover panel. [Figure 29] FIG. 2 is a bottom view showing the internal structure of the exterior wall of a building according to a first modified embodiment of the present invention, showing the state in which a cover panel has been attached. [Figure 30] FIG. 2 is a side view showing the exterior wall of a building according to a first modified embodiment of the present invention, showing the state in which a cover panel has been attached. [Figure 31] FIG. 10 is a front view showing the exterior wall of a building according to a second modified embodiment of the present invention, illustrating how a cover panel is attached. [Figure 32] 10A and 10B are diagrams showing a state in which a cover panel according to a third modified embodiment of the present invention is attached to a frame unit. [Figure 33] 10A and 10B are diagrams showing a state in which a cover panel according to a third modified embodiment of the present invention is attached to a frame unit. [Figure 34] FIG. 10 is a side view showing the exterior wall of another building to be compared with the exterior wall unit of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0030] Hereinafter, an exterior wall unit according to each embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view showing an exterior wall of a building according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a front view showing the internal structure of the exterior wall of a building according to this embodiment, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged front view of a portion of FIG. 2. FIG. 4 is a side view showing the exterior wall of a building according to this embodiment, and FIG. 5 is an enlarged side view of a portion of FIG. 4. FIG. 6 is a bottom view showing the exterior wall of a building according to this embodiment. Note that although the up-down, left-right, and front-rear directions are shown in each figure, these directions are shown for the purpose of explaining the exterior wall unit according to this embodiment and do not limit the building structure, the structure of the exterior wall unit, or the usage mode of the present invention. Each of the above directions is based on the viewpoint of a worker facing the exterior wall of the building (building structure) shown in FIG. 1. Furthermore, in some figures, including FIG. 4, the forward direction as seen from the worker is shown as the direction toward the interior of the building (inside), and the rearward direction as seen from the worker is shown as the direction toward the exterior of the building (outside).

[0031] As shown in FIG. 1, the exterior wall of a building such as a house is constructed by arranging multiple exterior wall panels 10 in the vertical and horizontal directions. For example, the exterior wall panels 10 are ceramic siding. As an example, the width of the exterior wall panels 10 in the horizontal direction is set to 30 cm to 50 cm. In this embodiment, three rows of exterior wall structures are illustrated in the horizontal direction. These rows have the same structure, so the following description focuses on one row of the exterior wall structure. The building also includes a beam 100 (attached member) extending in the horizontal direction, and the exterior wall structure is supported by the beam 100. The beam 100 has a pair of upper and lower flanges 101 and a web 102 that connects the flanges 101 in the vertical direction. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the beam 100 is constructed from an H-shaped steel beam.

[0032] The exterior wall structure includes a lower panel 11 (FIGS. 1 and 4), a cover panel 12, an upper panel 13, a lower frame 20 (frame body), a pair of left and right lower fasteners 21 (FIG. 2), a pair of left and right upper fasteners 22, and an upper frame 25. The lower panel 11 (fixed panel), cover panel 12, and upper panel 13 all constitute an exterior wall panel 10, and are arranged in order from bottom to top as shown in FIG. 1. The lower frame 20 is a frame-type steel frame that supports the lower panel 11 and the cover panel 12. Similarly, the upper frame 25 is a frame-type steel frame that supports the upper panel 13.

[0033] The lower frame 20 (FIG. 2) has a pair of vertical bars 203 extending in the up-down direction (longitudinal direction), a pair of horizontal bars 202 (first horizontal bars) extending in the left-right direction (lateral direction) and connecting the pair of vertical bars 203 to each other, and a horizontal bar 201 (second horizontal bar) connecting the pair of vertical bars 203 to each other between the pair of horizontal bars 202. Note that in FIGS. 2 and 3, the horizontal bar 202 on the lower side (the lower end side of the vertical bars 23) is not shown. Each lower fastener 21 (FIG. 4) (fastening member 15S) is a member for fastening the lower frame 20 to the lower flange 101 (fastened portion) of the beam 100, and has a substantially S-shape in side view as shown in FIG. 4. The upper portion of the lower fastener 21 is fastened to a lower mounting hole 105 (fastened portion) formed in the lower flange 101 of the beam 100 by a bolt V (fastening member 15S). Similarly, the lower portion of the lower fastener 21 is fastened by a bolt V to an attachment hole 205 (FIGS. 3 and 5) formed in a horizontal beam 201 (fastening portion) of the lower frame 20. The lower panel 11 is fixed to the lower frame 20 so as to close the area surrounded by the lower horizontal beam 202 (not shown) of the pair of horizontal beams 202, the pair of vertical beams 203, and the horizontal beam 201 (FIG. 1).

[0034] Similarly, the upper frame 25 (FIG. 2) has a pair of vertical beams 253 extending in the up-down direction (longitudinal direction), a pair of horizontal beams 251 extending in the left-right direction (lateral direction) and connecting the pair of vertical beams 253 to each other, and a horizontal beam 252 connecting the pair of vertical beams 253 to each other between the pair of horizontal beams 252. Note that in FIGS. 2 and 3, the upper horizontal beam 251 (the upper end side of the vertical beam 253) is not shown. The upper fastener 22 is a member that connects the upper frame 25 to the upper flange 101 of the beam 100, and has a substantially L-shape in side view as shown in FIG. 4. A lower portion of the upper fastener 22 (fastening member 15S) is fastened to an upper mounting hole 106 formed in the upper flange 101 of the beam 100 by a bolt V (fastening member 15S). Similarly, an upper portion of the upper fastener 22 is fastened to the horizontal beam 251 of the upper frame 25 by a bolt V.

[0035] In this embodiment, the upper panel 13 is fixed to the upper frame 25 at a factory where the components of the exterior wall structure are manufactured, and then the upper panel 13 and the upper frame 25 are fixed together to the beam 100 from outside the building at the work site. Similarly, the lower panel 11 is fixed to the lower frame 20 at the factory, and then the lower panel 11 and the lower frame 20 are fixed together to the beam 100 from outside the building at the work site. As shown in the left column of FIG. 1 , the cover panel 12 is attached to the lower frame 20 from outside the building so as to close the space between the lower panel 11 and the upper panel 13. At this time, the cover panel 12 is positioned so as to close the operable area S ( FIGS. 1 and 19 ) for fixing the lower frame 20 to the beam 100. Note that the operable area S faces the area surrounded by the upper (one) horizontal beam 202 of a pair of upper and lower horizontal beams 202, a pair of vertical beams 203, and a horizontal beam 201 ( FIGS. 1 and 3 ).

[0036] In other words, in this embodiment, the exterior wall structure has an exterior wall unit 1 (FIG. 4) that is attached to a beam 100 and forms the exterior wall surface H of the building. The exterior wall unit 1 comprises a frame unit 15 including a lower panel 11 and a lower frame 20, and a rectangular cover panel 12. The cover panel 12 can be attached to the frame unit 15 with the frame unit 15 attached to the beam 100.

[0037] The exterior wall unit 1 further includes a pair of left and right mounting brackets 30 (Figure 3) (panel support members), three fixing brackets 35 (Figure 3), and a pair of left and right panel support jigs 50 (Figure 9) (support jigs).

[0038] The mounting bracket 30 is supported by the lower frame 20, and is capable of supporting the cover panel 12 movably between a first position and a second position with the cross rail 201 of the frame unit 15 fastened to the lower flange 101 of the beam 100. The first position (FIGS. 4 and 5) is a position where the cover panel 12 blocks the operable area S (FIGS. 1 and 19) and, together with the lower panel 11, forms the exterior wall surface H of the building. On the other hand, the second position (FIG. 20) is a position where the surface of the cover panel 12 is positioned further outward from the exterior wall surface H than the first position.

[0039] Each mounting bracket 30 has a panel-side bracket 31 (second mounting member) that is attached to the cover panel 12, and a frame-side bracket 32 ​​(first mounting member) that is attached to the lower frame 20.

[0040] The left and right panel-side fittings 31 are fixed to the rear surface of the cover panel 12 (the surface facing the interior of the building) at a distance from each other in the left-right direction (see FIG. 19). Note that FIG. 3 also illustrates the panel-side fitting 31 attached to the cover panel 12. FIGS. 7, 8, and 9 are side, rear, and plan views of the panel-side fitting 31 according to this embodiment. The panel-side fitting 31 has a main body portion 31A, an auxiliary portion 31B, and a spring portion 31C (engagement portion). Note that FIGS. 7 to 9 illustrate the right panel-side fitting 31 of the left and right panel-side fittings 31; the left panel-side fitting 31 has a similar structure. In this case, the left and right panel-side fittings 31 may have symmetrical shapes. The same applies to the frame-side fitting 32, which will be described later.

[0041] The main body 31A has a rectangular shape that extends vertically in a front view. The multiple circular portions depicted on the main body 31A in Fig. 8 are multiple joints for joining the panel-side metal fitting 31 to the rear surface of the cover panel 12. The main body 31A has a main body plate 311 and a pivotally supported portion 312 that extends perpendicularly from the upper end of the main body plate 311. The pivotally supported portion 312 is pivotally supported by a rotating portion 32A (described below) of the frame-side metal fitting 32 so as to be rotatable about a rotation axis (a second axis parallel to the first axis) that extends in the left-right direction. For this reason, a circular hole 312A is formed in the pivotally supported portion 312 as shown in Fig. 7.

[0042] The auxiliary part 31B is joined to the main body plate 311 of the main body part 31A so as to be positioned below the pivotally supported part 312 in the vertical center of the main body part 31A. The auxiliary part 31B has a clamping part 313. The clamping part 313 has a function of clamping the rotating part 32A described below. The clamping part 313 has a first protruding piece 314 and a pair of second protruding pieces 315 arranged above and below the first protruding piece 314. As shown in FIG. 8 , a gap L having a predetermined width in the left-right direction is formed between the first protruding piece 314 and the pair of upper and lower second protruding pieces 315 so as to open toward the front (inside the building), and the rotating part 32A described below can be inserted into the gap L.

[0043] The spring portion 31C is an elastically deformable leaf spring fixed to the main body plate 311 of the main body portion 31A, and has a fixed portion fixed to the main body plate 311 and an extension portion extending forward from the right end of the fixed portion. The spring portion 31C has the function of engaging with the frame-side metal fitting 32 when the cover panel 12 is placed in the first position.

[0044] When the left and right panel-side metal fittings 31 are attached to the back surface of the cover panel 12, a panel engagement portion 121 (FIG. 19) is disposed above them. The panel engagement portion 121 is an L-shaped metal fitting that is fixed to the upper end of the back surface of the cover panel 12 so as to extend in the left-right direction.

[0045] As shown in Fig. 3, a pair of left and right frame-side metal fittings 32 are each fixed to the upper surface of the horizontal crosspiece 201 immediately inside the pair of vertical crosspieces 203. Figs. 10, 11, and 12 are a side view, a rear view, and a plan view of the frame-side metal fitting 32 according to this embodiment. The frame-side metal fitting 32 has a rotating portion 32A, an attachment portion 32B attachable to the horizontal crosspiece 201, and a rotating pin 32C.

[0046] The rotating portion 32A is pivotally supported by the mounting portion 32B so as to be rotatable about a rotation axis (a first axis extending in a direction along the outer wall surface H) extending in the left-right direction relative to the mounting portion 32B. The rotating portion 32A is a plate-shaped member extending long in one direction, and has a circular hole 321 formed at one end thereof. In addition, in the posture of the rotating portion 32A shown in FIG. 10, a jig engagement portion 322 is formed by partially cutting out a part of the front side edge of the rotating portion 32A. In the other end of the rotating portion 32A opposite to the hole 321, a hole 323 having a smaller diameter than the hole 321 is formed. In addition, an engagement protrusion 324 is formed at an end of the rotating portion 32A further than the hole 323.

[0047] Mounting portion 32B has a U-shape that is open on the left side when viewed from the back as shown in Fig. 11, and has a vertical portion extending vertically at its upper end. Hole 325 having approximately the same diameter as hole 323 is formed in the vertical portion, and pivot pin 32C is inserted into hole 323 and hole 325, allowing pivoting portion 32A to pivot relative to mounting portion 32B. At this time, engaging protrusion 324 abuts on end surface 32K of notch 326 formed in mounting portion 32B, thereby restricting pivoting portion 32A from pivoting further clockwise than the state shown in Fig. 10. Meanwhile, support surface 32H is formed on a horizontal portion of mounting portion 32B that is connected to the vertical portion. When the rotating part 32A rotates counterclockwise by approximately 90 degrees from the state shown in Fig. 10, the support surface 32H receives the contact portion 32J of the rotating part 32A, preventing the rotating part 32A from rotating further. As a result, the rotation range of the rotating part 32A is limited to a range of 90 degrees counterclockwise from the state shown in Fig. 10. Note that the lower surface of the mounting part 32B is formed with a fixing hole 327 through which a bolt is inserted to fix the frame-side metal fitting 32 to the horizontal crosspiece 201. Note that, in terms of the relationship between the contact portion 32J and the support surface 32H, the rotation range of the rotating part 32A is not limited to 90 degrees, and other rotation ranges are also possible.

[0048] The three fixing brackets 35 (FIG. 3) are supported on the lower frame 20 at positions (cross bars 202) different from those of the mounting brackets 30, enabling the cover panel 12 to be locked in the first position. FIGS. 13, 14, and 15 are side, front, and plan views of the fixing bracket 35 according to this embodiment. The fixing bracket 35 includes a bracket body 35A, a retaining portion 35B (locking member), and a pivot bolt 35C. The bracket body 35A has a U-shape with an open rear side in side view shown in FIG. 13, and includes a vertical portion extending vertically at its upper end. The retaining portion 35B is supported on the vertical portion via the pivot bolt 35C so as to be pivotable (movable). In FIG. 14, when the retaining portion 35B is extended to the right, the panel engaging portion 121 (see FIG. 19) of the cover panel 12 can enter the engagement space Q (FIG. 13). On the other hand, when the worker rotates the pivot bolt 35C with the panel engagement portion 121 inserted into the engagement space Q, the retaining portion 35B is placed in a position extending downward in Fig. 14. As a result, the retaining portion 35B prevents the panel engagement portion 121 from detaching from the engagement space Q. In this embodiment, the retaining portion 35B is supported by the lower frame 20 via the metal fitting main body 35A so as to be movable between a locked position where the cover panel 12 is locked in the first position and an unlocked position where the cover panel 12 is unlocked by being operated from outside the building through the gap between the cover panel 12 and the upper panel 13 (another panel member) adjacent to the cover panel 12 (arrow R in Fig. 4).

[0049] Each panel support jig 50 is detachably attached to the mounting bracket 30 (see FIGS. 19 and 20), and is capable of supporting the cover panel 12 in the second position so that the pivotally supported portion 312 of the panel-side bracket 31 and the rotating portion 32A of the frame-side bracket 32 ​​can be detached from each other. FIGS. 16, 17, and 18 are a front view, a side view, and a plan view of the panel support jig 50 according to this embodiment. The panel support jig 50 has a jig body 50A and a handle 50B.

[0050] The jig body 50A has a substantially L-shape in side view as shown in FIG. 17. More specifically, the jig body 50A has a horizontal portion 511, a vertical portion 512, and an engagement portion 513. The horizontal portion 511 is a plate-like portion having a substantially rectangular shape in plan view as shown in FIG. 18. A mounting surface 50H on which a cover panel 12 can be placed is formed on the upper surface of the horizontal portion 511. The vertical portion 512 extends upward from the front end of the horizontal portion 511. An elastic pad 512K is provided on the back surface (entire surface) of the vertical portion 512 to prevent scratches on the exterior wall panel 10. The engagement portion 513 is arranged to extend upward from the center in the left-right direction of the vertical portion 512, and its upper end is hook-shaped. The panel support jig 50 is attached to the frame side metal fitting 32 by the engagement notch 50K of the hook portion engaging with the jig engagement portion 322 (FIG. 10) of the frame side metal fitting 32 described above.

[0051] The handle 50B has a substantially U-shape in the plan view of Fig. 18. The handle 50B is inserted into a pair of handle guides 514 disposed at the rear end of the horizontal portion 511, and is slidable in the front-to-rear direction relative to the jig body 50A. Note that a pair of handle base ends 515 of the handle 50B have partially increased widths to prevent the handle 50B from coming off the handle guides 514.

[0052] <Exterior wall unit installation procedure> Next, a procedure for attaching the exterior wall unit 1 according to this embodiment to the beam 100 will be described. FIGS. 19 to 21 are side views showing the internal structure of the exterior wall of a building according to this embodiment, illustrating the process of attaching the cover panel 12. FIGS. 22 and 23 are similar front views showing the exterior wall of a building according to this embodiment, illustrating the process of attaching the cover panel 12. For attachment, a frame unit 15 including a lower frame 20 and a lower panel 11, and the cover panel 12 are prepared at the work site (preparation process). At this time, the frame-side metal fittings 32 of the pair of left and right mounting metal fittings 30 are fixed to the cross rails 201 of the frame unit 15. The pair of left and right panel-side metal fittings 31 are fixed to the back side of the cover panel 12. It is also desirable to prepare a pair of left and right panel support jigs 50.

[0053] 19 and 22, in a three-row exterior wall structure on the left and right, the upper panels 13 and upper frames 25 are fixed together via upper fasteners 22 to the upper flanges 101 of the beams 100. Then, the lower panels 11 and lower frames 20 (frame units 15, FIG. 4) are fixed together via lower fasteners 21 to the lower flanges 101 of the beams 100 (unit fixing process). At this time, because the lower panels 11 are fixed to the lower frames 20 so that an operable area S is formed at the upper end of the frame units 15 (FIG. 22), workers can easily access the periphery of the lower fasteners 21 through the area S surrounded by the lower frames 20. Therefore, the worker can align the cross beam 201 of the lower frame 20 with the lower flange 101 of the beam 100 and fasten the cross beam 201 to the flange 101 with the fastening member 15S from outside the building through the operable area S, thereby fixing the frame unit 15 to the beam 100 so that the lower panel 11 forms part of the exterior wall surface H (Figure 4).

[0054] Next, the worker attaches the cover panel 12 to the lower frame 20 so as to cover the operable area S (cover panel attachment process). Note that FIG. 22 shows a state in which the right-side cover panel 12 has already been attached. The worker tilts the pivoting portions 32A of the left and right frame-side metal fittings 32 backward, respectively, and engages the engagement notch portions 50K of the panel support jig 50 with the jig engagement portions 322 ( FIG. 19 ). The worker pulls out the handle 50B of the panel support jig 50 backward and places the cover panel 12 on the placement surface 50H ( FIG. 20 ). Note that, as described above, the abutting portion 32J ( FIG. 10 ) of the pivoting portion 32A abuts against the support surface 32H of the mounting portion 32B, thereby restricting further pivoting of the pivoting portion 32A, and the panel support jig 50 is stably supported by the frame-side metal fittings 32. Furthermore, when the elastic pad 512K of the panel support jig 50 abuts against the surface of the lower panel 11, the posture of the panel support jig 50 is maintained so that the mounting surface 50H of the panel support jig 50 extends in a substantially horizontal direction, and scratching of the surface of the lower panel 11 is prevented. In this embodiment, the positions of the engagement notch 50K and the elastic pad 512K are set so that the panel support jig 50 can assume the posture described above.

[0055] As shown in Fig. 20, with the cover panel 12 placed on the mounting surface 50H of the panel support jig 50, the worker connects the pivotally supported portion 312 of the panel-side metal fitting 31 attached to the cover panel 12 in the second position to the rotating portion 32A with the pivot shaft bolt 30S. As a result, the cover panel 12 is supported so as to be rotatable around the pivot shaft bolt 30S (second axis). In this embodiment, the insertion position of the pivot shaft bolt 30S is located outside the exterior wall surface H (Fig. 4), so the above connection work can be performed without being obstructed by the surrounding exterior wall panels 10.

[0056] Next, the worker removes the panel support jig 50 from the pivoting portion 32A while rotating the cover panel 12, and prepares to attach the cover panel 12 to the lower frame 20. At this time, as shown in Fig. 20 , the fulcrum for the rotation of the cover panel 12 (the pivoting shaft bolt 30S) is located at approximately the center of the cover panel 12 in the up-down direction, so the cover panel 12 can rotate around the pivoting shaft bolt 30S so that its upper portion moves rearward and its lower portion moves forward. Therefore, before moving the cover panel 12 toward the beam 100, the worker can further expand the operable area S to easily check the attachment state around the lower fastener 21.

[0057] The worker then moves the cover panel 12 so as to push it toward the beam 100. As a result, as shown by the arrows in Figures 21 and 23, the cover panel 12 including the panel-side metal fitting 31 rotates around the rotation shaft bolt 30S, while the rotation portion 32A rotates relative to the mounting portion 32B. Eventually, the cover panel 12 moves from the second position to the first position and is attached to the lower frame 20 adjacent to the lower panel 11 so as to close the operable area S and form the outer wall surface H (Figures 1, 4, and 5).

[0058] Next, the worker inserts a screwdriver into the gaps (joints) between the cover panel 12 and the upper panel 13 (arrow R in FIG. 4 ) for the three left and right fixing brackets 35, and operates the pivot bolts 35C to change the retaining portions 35B from a horizontal position (unlocked position) to a position extending downward (locked position) ( FIG. 14 ). As a result, the retaining portions 35B press the tips of the panel engaging portions 121 located at the upper end of the cover panel 12, preventing the cover panel 12 from coming off. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5 , when the cover panel 12 is attached to the lower frame 20 and positioned in the first position, the clamping portions 313 ( FIGS. 7 and 8 ) of the panel-side bracket 31 clamp the pivoting portion 32A from both sides so as to restrain the pivoting portion 32A in the left-right direction (the direction parallel to the pivoting shaft bolts 30S). In other words, the rear side edge of the pivoting portion 32A is sandwiched in the gap L (FIG. 8) between the first protrusion 314 of the clamping portion 313 and the pair of upper and lower second protrusions 315. As a result, rattling of the cover panel 12 in the left-right direction is prevented. Furthermore, the spring portion 31C (FIG. 9) of the panel-side metal fitting 31 engages with the pivoting portion 32A so as to urge the pivoting portion 32A in the left-right direction. Therefore, when the cover panel 12 is arranged in the first position, the pivoting portion 32A is prevented from pivoting relative to the mounting portion 32B. After the cover panel 12 is attached as described above, the joints between the exterior wall panels 10 are sealed.

[0059] As described above, in this embodiment, the exterior wall unit 1 has a frame unit 15 and a cover panel 12. The frame unit 15 includes a frame-shaped lower frame 20 including cross bars 201 (fastening portions) fastened to flanges 101 (fastened portions) provided on beams 100 via predetermined fastening members 15S (lower fasteners 21, bolts V), and a rectangular lower panel 11 fixed to the lower frame 20 and constituting a part of the exterior wall surface H. In particular, when attaching the frame unit 15 to the beams 100, once the cross bars 201 are aligned with the flanges 101, the lower panel 11 is pre-fixed to the outer surface of the lower frame 20 so that the lower panel 11 constitutes a part of the exterior wall surface H, leaving an operable region S that allows the fastening members 15S to be operated from outside the building. Then, with the cross beam 201 of the frame unit 15 fastened to the flange 101 of the beam 100, the cover panel 12 can be attached to the lower frame 20 adjacent to the lower panel 11 so as to block the operable area S and form the outer wall surface H.

[0060] According to this configuration, since the lower panel 11 is fixed to the lower frame 20 in advance, attaching the frame unit 15 to the beam 100 allows for efficient formation of a wide portion of the exterior wall of a building. In this case, since the lower panel 11 is fixed to the lower frame 20 so as to leave an operable area S for fastening the horizontal beam 201 of the lower frame 20 to the lower flange 101 of the beam 100, the frame unit 15 can be easily attached to the beam 100 from outside the building (exterior wall surface) at the work site. In another embodiment, the lower panel 11 may be fixed to the lower frame 20 at the work site before installing the frame unit 15 on the beam 100. In this case, the above work is included in the preparation step of the present invention. Furthermore, in this embodiment, by attaching the cover panel 12 to the lower frame 20 so as to block the operable area S, an exterior wall that is easy to work with and has an excellent appearance can be provided without losing any part of the exterior wall. Furthermore, compared to fixing a large panel having dimensions sufficient to cover the entire lower frame 20 to the lower frame 20 that has already been attached to the beams 100, it does not take much time to align the panel at the work site, improving the workability of attaching the exterior wall panel from the outside of the building. Furthermore, when attaching the cover panel 12 to the lower frame 20, the worker can visually check the area around the fastening members 15S and confirm the attachment state of the frame unit 15, thereby preventing the cover panel 12 from being attached while the frame unit 15 is still improperly attached.

[0061] FIG. 34 is a side view showing the exterior wall of another building to be compared with the exterior wall unit 1 according to this embodiment. In this structure, a large exterior wall panel 10Z is fixed to the lower frame 20Z in advance, and the horizontal crosspiece 202Z of the lower frame 20Z is fixed to the lower flange 101 of the exterior wall panel 10 via the lower fastener 21. In this configuration, because the exterior wall panel 10Z blocks the periphery of the lower fastener 21, workers cannot fix the lower frame 20Z to the beam 100 from outside the building. In this case, the lower frame 20Z must be fixed to the beam 100 from inside the building, which requires demolishing part of the interior of the building. In contrast, in this embodiment, because the lower panel 11 is fixed to the lower frame 20 so as to leave the operable area S as described above, the frame unit 15 including the lower panel 11 and the lower frame 20 can be easily fixed to the beam 100 from outside the building.

[0062] In this embodiment, if the exterior wall needs to be replaced due to malfunction, damage, or staining over the course of the building, the exterior wall can be replaced from outside without dismantling the interior. In this case, the cover panel 12 that has already been installed can be moved from the first position to the second position by removing the sealant from the joints and then accessing the fastening brackets 35 to unlock the cover panel 12, or the cover panel 12 can be removed from outside together with the surrounding exterior wall structure by cutting or the like. Thereafter, the upper frame 25 including the upper panel 13 and the lower frame 20 including the lower panel 11 are fixed to the beams 100 using the same procedure as above, and then the cover panel 12 is attached so as to block the operable area S.

[0063] As described above, in this embodiment, by enabling replacement from outside the building, not only is workability improved and costs reduced, but there are also other advantages such as no need to move furniture inside the building to replace the exterior walls, no interior or equipment demolition work required, no need for temporary housing, contractors needing to enter the building less frequently, and the building being able to be restored to its original state in a short period of time.

[0064] Furthermore, compared to the case where only the lower frame 20 and the upper frame 25 are attached to the beam 100 and then all the exterior wall panels 10 (lower panel 11, cover panel 12 and upper panel 13) are attached to the lower frame 20 and the upper frame 25 in that order, in this embodiment, there is no need to align the exterior wall panel 10 (surface material) with respect to the vertical surface, making construction easier.

[0065] In other embodiments, the cover panel 12 may be fixed to the lower frame 20 by screws instead of the mounting brackets 30 (panel-side brackets 31, frame-side brackets 32) and the fixing brackets 35. However, in this embodiment, the use of mounting brackets 30 eliminates the need for screws, improving workability. After such screws are driven, the screw heads must be filled with putty and touched up with paint, which may deteriorate and become noticeable over time. In contrast, in this embodiment, the appearance of the cover panel 12 is not impaired, eliminating this post-installation work.

[0066] In addition, in this embodiment, the mounting bracket 30 can support the cover panel 12 so that it can be moved between a first position and a second position, so that the cover panel 12 can be accurately attached to the first position that constitutes the outer wall surface H.

[0067] In particular, in this embodiment, the pivoting portion 32A of the frame-side metal fitting 32 pivots about a first axis relative to the mounting portion 32B, and the pivotally supported portion 312 of the panel-side metal fitting 31 pivots about a second axis relative to the pivoting portion 32A, allowing the cover panel 12 to be moved smoothly between the first position and the second position. In particular, because the cover panel 12 moves between the first position and the second position while sliding in the vertical direction (a direction perpendicular to the first axis), the worker can install the cover panel 12 while checking the internal condition.

[0068] Furthermore, in this embodiment, when the cover panel 12 is placed in the first position, the clamping portions 313 clamp the rotating portion 32A of the frame-side metal fitting 32 from both the left and right sides, thereby preventing rattling of the cover panel 12 in the left-right direction after installation. In other words, the clamping portions 313 function as movement-preventing portions that prevent the cover panel 12 from moving from the first position to the second position.

[0069] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the elastically deformable spring portion 31C of the panel side metal fitting 31 engages with the frame side metal fitting 32, thereby preventing the rotation of the rotating portion 32A relative to the mounting portion 32B, and enabling the mounting state of the cover panel 12 to be stably maintained.

[0070] Furthermore, in this embodiment, when the cover panel 12 is arranged in the second position, the pivotally supported portion 312 is detachably attached to the rotating portion 32A of the frame-side metal fitting 32 outside the exterior wall surface H. In other words, the rotating portion 32A and the pivotally supported portion 312 are pivotally supported via a shaft so as to be detachably attached outside the exterior wall surface H. This allows the cover panel 12 and the mounting metal fitting 30 to be easily attached and detached without being obstructed by other exterior wall panels 10 arranged around the cover panel 12.

[0071] At this time, by attaching the panel support jig 50 to the rotating portion 32A in advance, the cover panel 12 can be supported by the panel support jig 50, and the cover panel 12 and the mounting bracket 30 can be attached and detached even more easily.

[0072] Furthermore, the cover panel 12 can be locked by the fixing bracket 35, which reliably prevents the cover panel 12 from coming off. In particular, the pressing portion 35B of the fixing bracket 35 is supported on the lower frame 20 at a position different from that of the mounting bracket 30 so that it can be operated through the gap (joint) adjacent to the cover panel 12. This makes it possible to complete the installation of the cover panel 12 while closely arranging the exterior wall panels 10.

[0073] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the fixing area of ​​the lower panel 11 relative to the lower frame 20 is set so that, within the rectangular area surrounded by the lower frame 20, the lower panel 11 covers the portion below the horizontal beam 201 (one end side), and the cover panel 12 covers the portion above the horizontal beam 201 (the other end side). Therefore, the horizontal beam 201 is located between the cover panel 12 and the lower panel 11, which maintains high rigidity of the frame unit 15 and enables the lower frame 20 of the frame unit 15 to stably support the cover panel 12. Furthermore, because the horizontal beam 201 located between the lower panel 11 and the cover panel 12 is fixed to the beam 100 by the fastening member 15S, the cover panel 12 and the lower panel 11 can be supported more stably above and below.

[0074] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the frame-side metal fittings 32 that hold the cover panel 12 in the first position are supported by the horizontal beams 201, while the fixing metal fittings 35 are supported by the upper horizontal beams 202. Therefore, the cover panel 12 can be stably supported at two positions in the vertical direction.

[0075] Although the exterior wall unit 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, the following modified embodiments can be adopted.

[0076] (1) In the previous embodiment, the cover panel 12 rotates about a rotation axis extending in the left-right direction, sliding up and down between a first position and a second position. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Figs. 24 and 25 are side and front views showing the internal structure of an exterior wall of a building according to a first modified embodiment of the present invention. Figs. 26 to 28 are bottom views showing the process of installing the cover panel 12. Similarly, Figs. 29 and 30 are bottom and side views showing the installed cover panel 12. In Figs. 24 to 30, components having the same functions as those in the previous embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals.

[0077] In this modified embodiment, the cover panel 12 rotates about a rotation axis extending in the vertical direction, thereby sliding left and right between a first position and a second position. To this end, a pair of upper and lower panel-side metal fittings 31M (FIG. 25) are attached to the back side of the cover panel 12, and a pair of upper and lower frame-side metal fittings 32M are attached to the left vertical beam 203 of the lower frame 20. The frame-side metal fitting 32M has a rotating portion 32A and a mounting portion 32B. The rotating portion 32A is supported by the mounting portion 32B so as to be rotatable about a rotation axis (first axis) extending in the vertical direction. Furthermore, the panel-side metal fitting 31M is attached to the rotating portion 32A of the frame-side metal fitting 32M by a rotation axis bolt 30S (FIG. 24) so ​​as to be rotatable about a second axis extending in the vertical direction.

[0078] As shown in Figures 26 and 27, when the pivotally supported portion 312 of the panel-side metal fitting 31M of the cover panel 12 is connected to the rotating portion 32A of the frame-side metal fitting 32M by the rotating shaft bolt 30S, the cover panel 12 moves rightward from the second position to the first position, as indicated by the arrow in Figure 28 (Figures 29 and 30). Thereafter, as in the previous embodiment, when the pressing portion 35B of the fixing metal fitting 35 fixed to the right-hand vertical beam 203 of the pair of vertical beams 203 is rotated, the panel engaging portion 121 of the cover panel 12 is locked, preventing the cover panel 12 from being detached. As described above, in this modified embodiment, the cover panel 12 can move between the first and second positions while moving left and right.

[0079] (2) In the previous embodiment, the lower panel 11 is fixed to the lower frame 20 so that the operable area S is formed at the upper end of the lower frame 20 of the frame unit 15 (FIG. 1), but the present invention is not limited to this. Fig. 31 is a front view showing the exterior wall of a building according to a second modified embodiment of the present invention, and shows how the cover panel 12 is attached.

[0080] In this modified embodiment, the upper panel 13 is fixed to the lower frame 20 of the frame unit 15 so that an operable area S is formed at the lower end of the lower frame 20. The lower frame 20 has a pair of upper and lower horizontal beams 206 and a pair of left and right vertical beams 203. Furthermore, a horizontal beam (not shown) is arranged so as to be hidden by the lower end of the upper panel 13 in FIG. 31. In this case, the lower horizontal beam 206 of the lower frame 20 may be fixed to the lower flange 101 of the beam 100, or the above-mentioned horizontal beam (not shown) may be fixed to the upper flange 101 of the beam 100. The upper panel 13 is fixed to the lower frame 20, leaving the operable area S so that fastening members (fasteners, bolts) for fastening the lower frame 20 to the beam 100 are exposed to the outside of the building. The cover panel 12 is attached to the lower frame 20 as shown by the arrow in FIG. 31 via mounting brackets similar to those in the previous embodiment. As a result, it becomes possible to fix the upper panel 13 and the lower frame 20 together to the beam 100 from outside the building, and the cover panel 12 can be attached to the lower frame 20 so that the cover panel 12 blocks the operable area S.

[0081] (3) In the previous embodiment, the cover panel 12 was described as moving between a first position and a second position while being supported by the mounting bracket 30 (the panel-side bracket 31 and the frame-side bracket 32), but the present invention is not limited to this. Figures 32 and 33 are diagrams showing how the cover panel 12 according to a third modified embodiment of the present invention is attached to the frame unit. In this modified embodiment, the mounting bracket 30 has a panel-side bracket 33 and a frame-side bracket 34.

[0082] The panel-side metal fitting 33 is a metal member fitted into the lower end of the back surface of the cover panel 12, and has a C-shaped main body in a side view and an insertion portion 331 extending downward from the main body. On the other hand, the frame-side metal fitting 34 has a fixed portion 341 fixed to the horizontal beam 201 of the lower frame 20 with a bolt V, a rotating portion 342 arranged so as to intersect with the fixed portion 341, and a leaf spring 343 connecting the fixed portion 341 and the rotating portion 342 so as to be rotatable around a rotation axis extending in the left-right direction. A pressing portion 344 is fixed to the rear surface of the rotating portion 342, and the pressing portion 344 receives the insertion portion 331 between the rotating portion 342 and the rotating portion 342.

[0083] In this modified embodiment, as shown by the arrow in Fig. 32, the insertion portion 331 arranged at the lower end of the cover panel 12 is inserted between the rotating portion 342 on the lower frame 20 side and the retaining portion 344, and when the cover panel 12 is pushed forward as shown by the arrow in Fig. 33, the cover panel 12 forms the exterior wall surface of the building together with the lower panel 11. Note that in this modified embodiment, the cover panel 12 can be fixed with the fixing metal fittings 35 as in the previous embodiment.

[0084] (4) In the above embodiment, the panel support jig 50 is used when attaching the cover panel 12, but the panel support jig 50 is not essential.

[0085] (5) In the above embodiment, the left and right side edges of the lower panel 11 and the left and right side edges of the cover panel 12 are vertically connected, but the present invention is not limited to this. The left and right side edges of the lower panel 11 and the left and right side edges of the cover panel 12 may not be vertically connected. The cover panel 12 may have a shape that forms part of a rectangular panel portion that covers the lower frame 20. In this case, too, the cover panel 12 may be positioned so as to open and close the area (operable area S) through which a worker can access (operate) the fastening members 15S from outside the building to fasten the frame unit 15 to the beam 100. [Explanation of symbols]

[0086] 1 Exterior wall unit 10 Exterior wall panels 100 Beam (attached member, body) 101 Flange (mounting part) 102 Web 11 Lower panel (fixed panel) 12 Cover Panel 121 Panel engagement part 13 Upper Panel 15 Frame Unit 15S Fastening Materials 20 Lower Frame 201 Crosspiece (fastening part, second crosspiece) 202 Crosspiece (First Crosspiece) 203 Vertical Bar 30 Mounting bracket (panel support member) 30S Rotating shaft bolt 31 Panel side bracket (second mounting member) 311 Main body plate 312 Axial branch 313 Clamping part 31A Main body 31B Auxiliary part 31C Spring part 32 Frame side metal fitting (first mounting member) 322 Jig engagement part 324 Engagement protrusion 32A Rotating part 32B mounting part 32C Pivot Pin 35 Fixing bracket 35A metal fittings body 35B holding part (locking member) 35C pivot bolt 50 Panel support jig (support jig) 50A jig body 50B Handle 50H Placement surface 50K Engagement notch S Operable area V-Bolt

Claims

1. An exterior wall unit that is attached to a mounting member provided on a building and that constitutes an exterior wall surface of the building, A frame unit; a rectangular cover panel that can be attached to the frame unit in a state where the frame unit is attached to the attachment member; A panel support member; Equipped with The frame unit includes: a frame body including a fastening portion that is fastened to a fastening portion provided on the attachment member via a predetermined fastening member; a rectangular fixed panel fixed to the frame body and constituting a part of the outer wall surface, the fastening member is fixed to the outer surface of the frame body so as to constitute a part of the exterior wall surface, leaving an operable area that enables the fastening member to be operated from outside the building with the fastening portion aligned with the fastened portion; the cover panel can be attached to the frame main body adjacent to the fixed panel so as to close the operation area and constitute the outer wall surface in a state in which the fastening portion of the frame unit is fastened to the fastening portion of the attachment member, the panel support member is supported by the frame main body and is capable of movably supporting the cover panel between a first position and a second position in a state in which the fastening portion of the frame unit is fastened to the fastening portion of the attachment member, the first position is a position where the cover panel covers the operation area and forms the outer wall surface together with the fixed panel; The second position is a position where the surface of the cover panel is positioned further outward from the exterior wall surface than the first position, and where a portion of the cover panel overlaps with the fixed panel when viewed along a direction perpendicular to the exterior wall surface, an exterior wall unit.

2. The panel support member is a first mounting member attached to the frame body; a second mounting member attached to the cover panel; and The first mounting member is a mounting portion that can be mounted to the frame body; a rotating portion supported by the mounting portion so as to be rotatable about a first axis extending in a direction along the outer wall surface relative to the mounting portion; Including, the second mounting member includes a pivotally supported portion pivotally supported by the rotating portion so as to be rotatable about a second axis parallel to the first axis, The exterior wall unit of claim 1, wherein the pivoting portion pivots around the first axis relative to the mounting portion, and the supported portion pivots around the second axis relative to the pivoting portion, thereby enabling the cover panel to move between the first position and the second position.

3. The exterior wall unit according to claim 2 , wherein the second mounting member further comprises a movement preventing portion that prevents the cover panel from moving when the cover panel is disposed in the first position.

4. An exterior wall unit as described in claim 2 or 3, wherein the rotating portion of the first mounting member and the supported portion of the second mounting member are supported via an axis extending along the second axis so that they can be attached and detached outside the exterior wall surface.

5. The frame body of the frame unit is a pair of vertical bars extending in the vertical direction; a pair of first horizontal beams extending in the horizontal direction and connecting the pair of vertical beams to each other; a second horizontal beam connecting the pair of vertical beams to each other between the pair of first horizontal beams, the operable area faces an area surrounded by one first horizontal bar of the pair of first horizontal bars, the pair of vertical bars, and the second horizontal bar; An exterior wall unit as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the fixed panel is fixed to the frame body so as to cover the area surrounded by the other first horizontal bar of the pair of first horizontal bars, the pair of vertical bars, and the second horizontal bar.

6. a mounting member; an exterior wall unit attached to the attachment member and constituting an exterior wall surface; A building structure comprising: The exterior wall unit comprises: A frame unit; a rectangular cover panel that can be attached to the frame unit in a state where the frame unit is attached to the attachment member; A panel support member; and The frame unit includes: a frame body including a fastening portion that is fastened to a fastening portion provided on the attachment member via a predetermined fastening member; a rectangular fixed panel fixed to the frame body and constituting a part of the outer wall surface, the fastening member is fixed to the outer surface of the frame body so as to constitute a part of the outer wall surface, leaving an operable area that allows the fastening member to be operated from outside the outer wall surface with the fastening portion aligned with the fastened portion; the cover panel can be attached to the frame main body adjacent to the fixed panel so as to close the operation area and constitute the outer wall surface in a state in which the fastening portion of the frame unit is fastened to the fastening portion of the attachment member, the panel support member is supported by the frame main body and is capable of movably supporting the cover panel between a first position and a second position in a state in which the fastening portion of the frame unit is fastened to the fastening portion of the attachment member, the first position is a position where the cover panel covers the operation area and forms the outer wall surface together with the fixed panel; A building structure, wherein the second position is a position where the surface of the cover panel is positioned further outward from the exterior wall surface than the first position, and where a portion of the cover panel overlaps with the fixed panel when viewed along a direction perpendicular to the exterior wall surface.

7. A mounting member; an exterior wall unit attached to the attachment member and constituting an exterior wall surface; a rectangular unit outer fixed panel that constitutes the outer wall surface; A building structure comprising: The exterior wall unit comprises: A frame unit; a rectangular cover panel that can be attached to the frame unit in a state where the frame unit is attached to the attachment member; A panel support member; A locking member; and The frame unit includes: a frame body including a fastening portion that is fastened to a fastening portion provided on the attachment member via a predetermined fastening member; a rectangular unit internal fixed panel that is fixed to the frame body and forms a part of the exterior wall surface, the fastening member is fixed to the outer surface of the frame body so as to constitute a part of the outer wall surface, leaving an operable area that allows the fastening member to be operated from outside the outer wall surface when the fastening portion is aligned with the fastened portion; the cover panel can be attached to the frame main body adjacent to the unit internal fixed panel and the unit external fixed panel so as to close the operable area and form the outer wall surface when the fastening portion of the frame unit is fastened to the fastening portion of the attachment member, the panel support member is supported by the frame main body and is capable of movably supporting the cover panel between a first position and a second position in a state in which the fastening portion of the frame unit is fastened to the fastening portion of the attachment member, the first position is a position where the cover panel covers the operable area and forms the outer wall surface together with the unit interior fixed panel and the unit exterior fixed panel; the second position is a position where a surface of the cover panel is disposed more outer than the first position on the outer wall surface, the locking member is supported by the frame body and is capable of locking the cover panel in the first position; The locking member is supported on the frame body at a position different from the panel support member so that it can be operated from outside the building through a gap between the cover panel and the unit external fixed panel, and is movable between a locking position that locks the cover panel in the first position and an unlocking position that unlocks the cover panel in response to the operation.

8. An exterior wall unit mounting method for mounting an exterior wall unit constituting an exterior wall surface of a building to a mounting member provided on the building, comprising: a preparation step of preparing a frame unit including a frame-shaped frame main body including a fastening portion and a rectangular fixing panel fixed to the frame main body so as to leave a predetermined operable area, and a rectangular cover panel; a unit fixing process in which the fastening portion of the frame body is aligned with the fastening portion of the workpiece, and the fastening portion is fastened to the fastening portion with a predetermined fastening member through the operable area from outside the building, thereby fixing the frame unit to the workpiece so that the fixing panel forms a part of the exterior wall surface; a cover panel mounting step of mounting the cover panel to the frame body adjacent to the fixed panel so that the cover panel covers the operation area and constitutes the outer wall surface; Equipped with The preparation step includes preparing a panel support member that can movably support the cover panel between a first position and a second position when the fastening portion of the frame unit is fastened to the fastening portion of the attachment member, the first position being a position where the cover panel blocks the operable area and forms the outer wall surface together with the fixed panel, and the second position being a position where the surface of the cover panel is disposed further outward on the outer wall surface than the first position and where a portion of the cover panel overlaps with the fixed panel when viewed along a direction perpendicular to the outer wall surface, The method for installing an exterior wall unit includes the step of moving the cover panel from the second position to the first position while supporting the cover panel with the panel support member.

9. The preparation step includes preparing, as the panel support member, a first mounting member attached to the frame main body and a second mounting member attached to the cover panel, the first mounting member having a mounting portion that can be attached to the frame main body and a rotating portion that is journaled on the mounting portion so as to be rotatable around a first axis that extends in a direction along the outer wall surface relative to the mounting portion, and the second mounting member having a journaled portion that is journaled on the rotating portion so as to be rotatable around a second axis that is parallel to the first axis, The cover panel mounting process includes rotating the rotating portion of the first mounting member attached to the frame body around the first axis relative to the mounting portion toward the outside of the building, connecting the supported portion of the second mounting member attached to the cover panel to the rotating portion, and then rotating the supported portion around the second axis relative to the rotating portion while rotating the rotating portion around the first axis relative to the mounting portion, thereby moving the cover panel from the second position to the first position.

10. A method for attaching an exterior wall unit that constitutes an exterior wall surface of a building to a mounting member provided on the building, comprising: a preparation step of preparing a frame unit including a frame-shaped frame main body including a fastening portion and a rectangular fixing panel fixed to the frame main body so as to leave a predetermined operable area, and a rectangular cover panel; a unit fixing process in which the fastening portion of the frame body is aligned with the fastening portion of the workpiece, and the fastening portion is fastened to the fastening portion with a predetermined fastening member through the operable area from outside the building, thereby fixing the frame unit to the workpiece so that the fixing panel forms a part of the exterior wall surface; a cover panel mounting step of mounting the cover panel to the frame body adjacent to the fixed panel so that the cover panel covers the operation area and constitutes the outer wall surface; Equipped with The preparation step includes: preparing a panel support member capable of movably supporting the cover panel between a first position and a second position when the fastening portion of the frame unit is fastened to the fastened portion of the mount member, the first position being a position where the cover panel blocks the operable area and constitutes the outer wall surface, and the second position being a position where the surface of the cover panel is positioned further outward from the outer wall surface than the first position, the panel support member having a first mounting member attached to the frame main body and a second mounting member attached to the cover panel, the first mounting member having a mounting portion attachable to the frame main body and a rotating portion journaled on the mounting portion so as to be rotatable around a first axis extending in a direction along the outer wall surface with respect to the mounting portion, and the second mounting member having a journaled portion journaled so as to be rotatable around a second axis parallel to the first axis with respect to the rotating portion; preparing a panel support jig including a mounting surface on which the cover panel can be placed; Including, The cover panel mounting process includes a method for mounting an exterior wall unit, which includes rotating the rotating portion of the first mounting member mounted on the frame body around the first axis relative to the mounting portion toward the outside of the building, engaging the panel support jig with the rotating portion, placing the cover panel on the placement surface while supporting the panel support jig with the first mounting member, connecting the supported portion of the second mounting member mounted on the cover panel to the rotating portion, and then removing the panel support jig from the rotating portion, and rotating the supported portion around the second axis relative to the rotating portion while rotating the rotating portion around the first axis relative to the mounting portion, thereby moving the cover panel from the second position to the first position.

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