Vibration device and device including same

Abstract

To provide a vibration device capable of generating sound by vibrating a display panel, having improved sound pressure characteristics, and including a plurality of vibration generators.SOLUTION: A display device includes: a display panel for displaying an image; and a vibration device 200 for vibrating the display panel on a back surface of the display panel. The vibration device has a plurality of vibration generators 210, 230 overlapping each other, and can output, to a front of the display panel, sound generated in the display panel and having improved sound characteristics and sound pressure characteristics in a middle and low sound range by overlapping and laminating the plurality of vibration generators so as to be displaced, driven, or vibrated in the same direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This specification relates to vibration devices and devices including same. [Background technology]

[0002] A display device generally includes a separate speaker (or audio device) to display images on a display panel and provide sound. When a speaker is placed in a display device, the speaker takes up space, which creates a problem of constraints on the design and spatial layout of the display device.

[0003] Since the sound output from the speaker travels behind or below the display device, there is a problem that the sound quality is degraded due to interference with the sound reflected from the wall or floor, which makes it difficult to transmit the sound accurately and reduces the immersive feeling of the viewer or user. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the inventors of the present specification recognized the above-mentioned problems and conducted several experiments to realize a vibration device capable of improving the sound quality and sound pressure characteristics. Through the multiple experiments, they invented a display device with a new structure including a vibration device capable of improving the sound quality and sound pressure characteristics.

[0005] An object of the present invention is to provide a vibration device that can vibrate a display panel to generate sound and has improved sound pressure characteristics, and a device including the vibration device.

[0006] The problem to be solved by the embodiments of this specification is to provide a vibration device and a device including the same that can increase the amplitude displacement of a display panel and improve the characteristics of the low-frequency range of sound generated by the displacement of the display panel.

[0007] The problems to be solved by the embodiments of the present specification are not limited to the problems mentioned above, and other problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.

[0008] The device according to the embodiments of the present specification includes a display panel for displaying an image, and a vibration device located on the rear surface of the display panel for vibrating the display panel, and the vibration device may include multiple vibration generators stacked on top of each other.

[0009] The device according to the embodiments of the present specification may include a display panel for displaying an image, a vibration device arranged on the rear surface of the display panel, and a plate arranged between the display panel and the vibration device, and the vibration device may include a plurality of vibration generators stacked so as to displace in the same direction as each other, and an adhesive member between the plurality of vibration generators.

[0010] A vibration device according to an embodiment of the present specification may include a plurality of vibration generators stacked so as to be displaced in the same direction, and an adhesive member between the plurality of vibration generators.

[0011] An apparatus according to an embodiment of the present specification includes a vibration object and a vibration device for the vibration object, and the vibration device can include a plurality of vibration generators stacked so as to be displaced in the same direction as each other, and an adhesive member between the plurality of vibration generators.

[0012] Specific details relating to various aspects of the present specification other than the means for solving the problems mentioned above are included in the following description and drawings. [Effects of the Invention]

[0013] The device according to the present specification can vibrate the display panel to generate sound, and can output sound with improved sound pressure characteristics in front of the display panel.

[0014] The device according to the present specification can improve the characteristics of the mid-range, low-range, and / or low-mid range of sounds generated by the displacement of the display panel as the amplitude displacement of the display panel increases.

[0015] The vibration device according to the present specification can improve the mid-range, low-range, and / or low-mid-range characteristics of the sound generated by the displacement of the diaphragm.

[0016] The above-mentioned problems to be solved, means for solving the problems, and effects do not specify essential features of the claims, and the scope of the claims is not limited by the matters described in the contents of the invention. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0017] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 illustrates an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II' shown in FIG. [Figure 3] 1 illustrates a vibration device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II' shown in FIG. [Figure 5] FIG. 1 illustrates a vibration driver circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 6A] 10A and 10B are diagrams illustrating displacements of a vibration generator according to an embodiment of the present specification. [Figure 6B] 10A and 10B are diagrams illustrating displacements of a vibration device according to an embodiment of the present specification. [Figure 7] 10A and 10B show vibration devices according to other embodiments of the present specification. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III' shown in FIG. 7. [Figure 9] FIG. 10 illustrates a vibration driver circuit according to another embodiment of the present specification. [Figure 10] 10A and 10B show vibration devices according to other embodiments of the present specification. [Figure 11] 11 is a diagram illustrating the vibration unit shown in FIG. 10. FIG. [Figure 12]FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV′ shown in FIG. [Figure 13] 10A and 10B show vibration devices according to other embodiments of the present specification. [Figure 14] 10A and 10B show vibration devices according to other embodiments of the present specification. [Figure 15] 10A and 10B show vibration devices according to other embodiments of the present specification. [Figure 16] FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VV' shown in FIG. [Figure 17] FIG. 10 shows an apparatus according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 18] 18 is a diagram showing amplitude displacement of the display panel depending on the thickness of the plate shown in FIG. 17. FIG. [Figure 19] FIG. 10 shows an apparatus according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 20] FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VI-VI' shown in FIG. [Figure 21] 20 is another cross-sectional view taken along the line VI-VI' shown in FIG. 19. [Figure 22] FIG. 10 illustrates an apparatus according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 23] FIG. 10 illustrates an apparatus according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 24] FIG. 10 illustrates an apparatus according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 25] 10 is a diagram showing the acoustic output characteristics of a display device according to an example of the present specification and a display device according to an experimental example. FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0018] The advantages and features of the present specification, and methods for achieving them, will become clearer with reference to the following detailed description of an embodiment accompanied by the accompanying drawings. However, the present specification is not limited to the embodiment disclosed below, and may be realized in various different forms. The embodiment is provided merely to complete the disclosure of the specification and to fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art to which the specification pertains. The specification is defined only by the scope of the claims.

[0019] The shapes, sizes, ratios, angles, numbers, etc. shown in the drawings for the purpose of explaining the embodiments of this specification are merely examples, and the specification is not limited to the details shown in the drawings. The same reference symbols refer to the same components throughout this specification. Furthermore, in describing this specification, if a detailed description of related prior art is deemed to unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present invention, the detailed description will be omitted. When terms such as "comprise," "have," and "consist of" are used in this specification, other parts may be added unless "only" is used. When a component is expressed in the singular, the plural may also be included unless otherwise explicitly stated.

[0020] When interpreting elements, they are interpreted as including a margin of error even if there is no other explicit description.

[0021] When describing a location, for example when the location of two parts is described using "above," "on top," "below," or "beside," one or more other parts may be located between the two parts, unless "immediately" or "directly" is used.

[0022] When describing a temporal relationship, for example, when the temporal sequence is described using "after," "following," "next," or "before," it can also include cases where the sequence is not consecutive, as long as "immediately" or "directly" is not used.

[0023] Although terms such as "first" and "second" are used to describe various components, these components are not limited by these terms. These terms are used merely to distinguish one component from another. Therefore, a first component referred to below may also be a second component within the technical concept of the present invention.

[0024] In describing components in this specification, terms such as first, second, A, B, (a), (b), etc. may be used. These terms are used to distinguish the component from other components, and do not limit the nature, order, sequence, or number of the components. When a component is described as being "connected," "coupled," or "connected" to another component, it should be understood that the component may be directly connected or connected to the other component, but that there may also be other components "intervening" between each component that can be indirectly connected or connected unless otherwise explicitly stated.

[0025] The term "at least one" should be understood to include all possible combinations of one or more associated items. For example, "at least one of the first, second, and third items" may mean not only the first, second, or third item, but also all possible combinations of the first, second, and third items that can be present in two or more of the first, second, and third items.

[0026] In this specification, the term "display device" may include a display device such as a liquid crystal module (LCM) or an organic light emitting display (OLED) module that includes a display panel and a driver for driving the display panel. It may also include a set electronic apparatus or set device or set apparatus, such as a notebook computer, television, computer monitor, automotive apparatus or other forms of vehicle apparatus, which is a complete product or final product that includes an LCM or OLED module, or a mobile electronic apparatus such as a smartphone or electronic pad.

[0027] Therefore, the display device in this specification may include the display device itself, such as an LCM or an OLED module, as well as an application product including the LCM, the OLED module, or a set device, which is an end-user device.

[0028] In some embodiments, an LCM and OLED module comprising a display panel, a driver, etc. may be referred to as a "display device," and a completed electronic device including the LCM and OLED module may be referred to as a "set device." For example, a display device may include a display panel having a liquid crystal layer or an organic light-emitting layer, and a source PCB serving as a controller for driving the display panel. The set device may further include a set PCB (or control PCB) serving as a set controller electrically connected to the source PCB to drive the entire set device.

[0029] The display panel used in the embodiments of the present specification may be any type of display panel, such as a liquid crystal display panel, an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display panel, or an electroluminescent display panel, and is not limited to the embodiments. For example, the display panel may be a display panel that can generate sound by being vibrated by a vibration device according to the embodiments of the present specification. Furthermore, the display panel applied to the display device according to some embodiments of the present specification is not limited to a specific shape or size.

[0030] For example, if the display panel is a liquid crystal display panel, the display panel may include a plurality of gate lines, a plurality of data lines, and pixels formed at the intersections of the gate lines and the data lines. The display panel may also include an array substrate including thin film transistors, which are switching elements for adjusting the light transmittance of each pixel, an upper substrate including color filters and / or a black matrix, and a liquid crystal layer formed between the array substrate and the upper substrate.

[0031] Furthermore, when the display panel is an organic light-emitting display panel, the display panel may include a plurality of gate lines, a plurality of data lines, and pixels formed at intersections of the gate lines and the data lines. The display panel may also include an array substrate including thin film transistors (TFTs) that selectively apply voltages to each pixel, an organic light-emitting element layer on the array substrate, and an encapsulation substrate (or encapsulation substrate) disposed on the array substrate to cover the organic light-emitting element layer. The encapsulation substrate may protect the TFTs and the organic light-emitting element layer from external impacts and prevent moisture and oxygen from penetrating the organic light-emitting element layer. The organic light-emitting element layer formed on the array substrate may include an inorganic light-emitting element layer, a quantum dot light-emitting element layer, etc. As another example, the layer formed on the array substrate may include micro light-emitting diodes (LEDs).

[0032] The display panel may further include a backing, such as a metal plate, attached to the display panel. Other structures, for example, other structures made of other materials, may also be included.

[0033] The device including the vibration device described herein can be applied to a vehicle in a user interface module such as a central control panel in an automobile. For example, such a display device can be installed between two front seat occupants so that vibrations of the display panel are propagated toward the interior of the vehicle. Therefore, the audio experience in the vehicle can be improved compared to when speakers are only installed on the interior sides of the vehicle.

[0034] The features of the various embodiments of this specification may be partially or fully combined or combined with each other, and various technical interlocking and driving mechanisms may be possible, and each embodiment may be implemented independently of the other, or may be implemented together in a related relationship.

[0035] The following detailed description of the present invention will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The scales of the components shown in the drawings may differ from the actual scales for the sake of convenience, and are not limited to the scales shown in the drawings.

[0036] 1 is a diagram illustrating an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present specification, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II' in FIG.

[0037] 1 and 2, a device according to an embodiment of the present specification may include a display panel 100 that displays an image and a vibration device 200 that vibrates the display panel 100 at the rear (or back surface) of the display panel 100. The device according to an embodiment of the present specification may be, but is not limited to, a display device or an electronic device that includes a vibration device.

[0038] The display panel 100 can display an image, for example, an electronic image or a digital image. For example, the display panel 100 can display an image by outputting light. The display panel 100 can be a display panel of any shape or a curved display panel, such as a liquid crystal display panel, an organic light-emitting display panel, a quantum dot light-emitting display panel, a micro light-emitting diode display panel, and an electrophoretic display panel. The display panel 100 can be a flexible display panel. For example, the display panel 100 can be, but is not limited to, a flexible light-emitting display panel, a flexible electrophoretic display panel, a flexible electrowetting display panel, a flexible micro light-emitting diode display panel, or a flexible quantum dot light-emitting display panel.

[0039] The display panel 100 according to the embodiment of the present specification may include a display area (AA) that displays an image by driving a plurality of pixels. The display panel 100 may further include, but is not limited to, a non-display area (IA) that entirely or at least partially surrounds the display area (AA).

[0040] The display panel 100 according to the embodiments of the present specification may display an image in a top emission mode, a bottom emission mode, a dual emission mode, or the like depending on the structure of a pixel array layer including an anode electrode, a cathode electrode, and a light emitting element and including a plurality of pixels. The top emission mode may display an image by emitting light generated in the pixel array layer to the front of the base substrate, and the bottom emission mode may display an image by emitting light generated in the pixel array layer to the rear of the base substrate.

[0041] The display panel 100 according to the embodiment of the present specification may include a pixel array section disposed on a display area of ​​a substrate. The pixel array section may include a plurality of pixels that display images in response to signals supplied to signal lines. The signal lines may include, but are not limited to, gate lines, data lines, and pixel driving power lines.

[0042] Each of the plurality of pixels may include a pixel circuit layer including a driving thin film transistor arranged in a pixel region formed by a plurality of gate lines and / or a plurality of data lines, an anode electrode electrically connected to the driving thin film transistor, a light emitting element formed on the anode electrode, and a cathode electrode electrically connected to the light emitting element.

[0043] A driving thin film transistor may be configured in a transistor region of each pixel region disposed on a substrate. The driving thin film transistor may include a gate electrode, a gate insulating film, a semiconductor layer, a source electrode, and a drain electrode. The semiconductor layer of the thin film transistor may include, but is not limited to, silicone such as a-Si, poly-Si, or low-temperature poly-Si, or an oxide such as IGZO (Indium-Gallium-Zinc-Oxide).

[0044] An anode electrode (or pixel electrode) may be provided in an opening area disposed in each pixel area and electrically connected to the driving thin film transistor.

[0045] The light-emitting device according to the embodiments of the present specification may include an organic light-emitting device layer formed on an anode electrode. The organic light-emitting device layer may be configured to emit light of the same color, e.g., white, for each pixel, or light of different colors, e.g., red, green, or blue, for each pixel. A cathode electrode (or common electrode) may be commonly connected to the organic light-emitting device layer provided in each pixel region. For example, the organic light-emitting device layer may be a single structure including the same color for each pixel, or a stack structure including two or more structures. As another example, the organic light-emitting device layer may be a stack structure including two or more structures including one or more different colors for each pixel. The two or more structures including one or more different colors may be one or more of blue, red, yellow-green, and green, or combinations thereof, but are not limited thereto. Examples of combinations include, but are not limited to, blue and red, red and yellow-green, red and green, and red / yellow-green / green. Furthermore, the stacking order may be any. A stack structure including two or more structures of the same color or one or more other colors may further include a charge generation layer between the two or more structures. The charge generation layer may be a PN junction structure including an N-type charge generation layer and a P-type charge generation layer.

[0046] A light-emitting device according to another embodiment of the present specification may include a micro light-emitting diode element electrically connected to an anode electrode and a cathode electrode, respectively. The micro light-emitting diode element may be a light-emitting diode realized in the form of an integrated circuit (IC) or a chip. The micro light-emitting diode element may include a first terminal electrically connected to the anode electrode and a second terminal electrically connected to the cathode electrode. The cathode electrode may be commonly connected to the second terminals of the micro light-emitting diode elements provided in each pixel region.

[0047] The encapsulating portion is formed on the substrate to surround the pixel array portion, thereby preventing oxygen or moisture from penetrating into the light-emitting element layer of the pixel array portion. The encapsulating portion according to an embodiment of the present specification may have a multi-layer structure in which organic and inorganic material layers are alternately stacked, but is not limited thereto. The inorganic material layer can block oxygen or moisture from penetrating into the light-emitting element layer of the pixel array portion. The organic material layer may be formed to a thickness relatively thicker than the inorganic material layer to cover particles that may be generated during the manufacturing process, but is not limited thereto. For example, the encapsulating portion may include a first inorganic film, an organic film on the first inorganic film, and a second inorganic film on the organic film. The organic film may be a foreign material covering layer, but is not limited thereto. The touch panel may be disposed on the encapsulating portion or on the back surface of the pixel array portion.

[0048] A display panel 100 according to an embodiment of the present specification may include a first substrate, a second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer. The first substrate may be an upper substrate or a thin film transistor array substrate. For example, the first substrate may include a pixel array (or display unit or display area) having a plurality of pixels formed in a pixel area by a plurality of gate lines and / or a plurality of data lines. Each of the plurality of pixels may include a thin film transistor connected to the gate line and / or the data line, a pixel electrode connected to the thin film transistor, and a common electrode formed adjacent to the pixel electrode and to which a common voltage is supplied.

[0049] The first substrate may further include a pad section provided on the first edge section (or non-display section) and a gate driving circuit provided on the second edge section (or second non-display section).

[0050] The pad unit may supply external signals to the pixel array unit and / or the gate driving circuit. For example, the pad unit may include a plurality of data pads connected to a plurality of data lines via a plurality of data link lines and / or a plurality of gate input pads connected to the gate driving circuit via a gate control signal line. For example, the first substrate may be larger than the second substrate, but is not limited thereto.

[0051] The gate driving circuit may be built into (or integrated with) the second edge of the first substrate so as to be connected to the plurality of gate lines. For example, the gate driving circuit may be realized as a shift register including transistors formed by the same process as the thin film transistors provided in the pixel region. In other embodiments, the gate driving circuit may not be built into the first substrate, but may be realized in the form of an integrated circuit and included in the panel driving circuit.

[0052] The second substrate may be a lower substrate or a color filter array substrate. For example, the second substrate may include a pixel definition pattern including opening regions overlapping pixel regions formed on the first substrate, and a color filter layer formed in the opening regions. The second substrate may be smaller than the first substrate, but is not limited thereto. For example, the second substrate may overlap the remaining portion of the first substrate excluding a first edge portion. The second substrate may be bonded to the remaining portion of the upper substrate excluding a first edge portion, sandwiching the liquid crystal layer, using a sealant.

[0053] The liquid crystal layer may be interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, and may be made of liquid crystal, the alignment direction of which is changed by an electric field formed by a data voltage and a common voltage applied to a pixel electrode for each pixel.

[0054] The second polarizing member is attached to the lower surface of the second substrate to polarize light incident from the backlight and traveling to the liquid crystal layer, and the first polarizing member is attached to the upper surface of the first substrate to polarize light passing through the first substrate and emitting to the outside.

[0055] The display panel 100 according to the embodiment of the present specification can display an image by light passing through the liquid crystal layer by driving the liquid crystal layer with an electric field formed for each pixel by a data voltage and a common voltage applied to each pixel.

[0056] In the display panel 100 according to another embodiment of the present specification, the first substrate may be a color filter array substrate and the second substrate may be a thin film transistor array substrate. For example, the display panel 100 according to another embodiment of the present specification may have a shape obtained by inverting the display panel 100 according to the embodiment of the present specification. In this case, the pad portion of the display panel 100 according to another embodiment of the present specification may be covered by a separate mechanism.

[0057] The display panel 100 according to other embodiments of the present disclosure may have a curved shape or may include a bent portion that is bent or curved to have a certain radius of curvature.

[0058] The bent portion of the display panel 100 may be formed on at least one of the parallel edge portions on one side and the other side of the display panel 100. The edge portion on one side and / or the other side of the display panel 100 on which the bent portion is formed may include only the non-display area (IA), or may include the edge portion of the display area (AA) and the non-display area (IA). The display panel 100 including the bent portion formed by bending the non-display area (IA) may have a one-side bezel bent structure or a two-side bezel bent structure. The display panel 100 including the bent portion formed by bending the edge portion of the display area (AA) and the non-display area (IA) may have a one-side active bent structure or a two-side active bent structure.

[0059] The vibration device 200 can provide acoustic and / or haptic feedback to the user by vibrating the display panel 100 at the rear of the display panel 100. The vibration device 200 can be implemented at the rear of the display panel 100 so as to directly vibrate the display panel 100.

[0060] The vibration device 200 according to an embodiment of the present specification can vibrate the display panel 100 by vibrating in response to an audio vibration drive signal synchronized with an image displayed on the display panel 100. The vibration device 200 according to another embodiment of the present specification can be disposed on the display panel 100 and can vibrate the display panel 100 by vibrating in response to a haptic feedback signal synchronized with a user's touch on a touch panel (or touch sensor layer) built into the display panel 100. As a result, the display panel 100 can vibrate in response to the vibration of the vibration device 200 to provide at least one of audio and haptic feedback to the user (or viewer).

[0061] The vibration device 200 according to the embodiments of the present specification may be realized in a size corresponding to the display area (AA) of the display panel 100. The size of the vibration device 200 may be 0.9 to 1.1 times the size of the display area (AA), but is not limited thereto. For example, the size of the vibration device 200 may be the same as or approximately the same as the display area (AA) of the display panel 100, thereby covering most of the area of ​​the display panel 100. Since the vibration generated from the vibration device 200 can vibrate the entire display panel 100, the sense of sound localization can be enhanced, improving user satisfaction. Furthermore, since the contact area (or panel coverage) between the display panel 100 and the vibration device 200 can be increased, the vibration area of ​​the display panel 100 can be increased, thereby improving the mid- and low-frequency sound generated by the vibration of the display panel 100. Furthermore, the vibration device 200 applied to a large display device can vibrate the entire large (or large-area) display panel 100, thereby further improving the sense of sound localization due to the vibration of the display panel 100 and achieving an improved sound effect. Therefore, the vibration device 200 according to the embodiments of the present specification is disposed on the rear surface of the display panel 100 and can sufficiently vibrate the display panel 100 in the up-down (or front-back) direction, thereby outputting a desired sound to the front of the device or display device.

[0062] The vibration device 200 according to the embodiments of the present specification may be realized in a film shape. Since the vibration device 200 is realized in a film shape, it may have a thickness thinner than the display panel 100, and therefore, an increase in the thickness of the display panel 100 due to the arrangement of the vibration device 200 may be minimized. For example, the vibration device 200 may be expressed as a sound generating module, a sound generating device, a film actuator, a film-type piezoelectric composite actuator, a film speaker, a film-type piezoelectric speaker, or a film-type piezoelectric composite speaker that uses the display panel 100 as a diaphragm, but is not limited to these terms.

[0063] In another embodiment of the present specification, the vibration device 200 may not be disposed on the rear surface of the display panel 100, but may be applied to a vibration object (or vibration member) instead of the display panel. For example, the vibration object may be, but is not limited to, a non-display panel, wood, plastic, glass, cloth, automobile interior materials, automobile window glass, a building interior ceiling, a building glass window, an aircraft interior material, and an aircraft glass window. For example, the non-display panel may be, but is not limited to, a light-emitting diode lighting panel (or device), an organic light-emitting lighting panel (or device), or an inorganic light-emitting lighting panel (or device). In this case, the vibration object may be applied to the diaphragm, and the vibration device 200 may vibrate the vibration object to output sound.

[0064] A vibration device including one vibration generator has a problem of being unable to output sufficient sound. For example, when a vibration device including one vibration generator is configured for a display device such as a TV, it is difficult to ensure sufficient sound. Therefore, when a vibration device realized by two vibration generators arranged side by side is applied to a display device, the attachment area between the display panel 100 and the vibration device becomes large. However, the increased attachment area makes it difficult to attach the vibration device to the back surface of the display panel 100 without creating air bubbles. For example, when the display panel 100 is a light-emitting display panel, it is difficult to attach the vibration device 200 to the encapsulation substrate without creating air bubbles. Furthermore, a vibration device realized by two vibration generators arranged side by side has a problem of split vibration, in which the vibrations between adjacent vibration generators are different from each other, generating different vibrations. As a result, it is difficult to output sound with improved acoustic flatness. There is a problem that split vibration increases as the attachment area of ​​the vibration device increases. The vibration device 200 according to the embodiments of the present specification may include multiple vibration generators 210 and 230 stacked on top of each other. The vibration device 200 may include a plurality of vibration generators 210, 230 that are stacked or overlapped to displace in the same direction. For example, the vibration device 200 may include a plurality of vibration generators 210, 230 that are stacked or overlapped to have the same driving direction.

[0065] The multiple vibration generators 210, 230 can be stacked or overlapped on one another so that they displace (or drive or vibrate) in the same direction. For example, when stacked or overlapped on one another, the multiple vibration generators 210, 230 can contract or expand in the same drive direction (or displacement direction) in response to a vibration drive signal, thereby increasing or maximizing the displacement amount (or bending force) or amplitude displacement. As a result, the multiple vibration generators 210, 230 can increase (or maximize) the displacement amount (or bending force) or amplitude displacement of the display panel 100, thereby improving the acoustic characteristics in the mid-low frequency range and the sound pressure characteristics of the sound generated by the vibration of the display panel 100. For example, the vibration generators 210, 230 may be stacked or laminated on top of each other so that they have the same driving direction, thereby increasing or maximizing the driving force of the vibration generators 210, 230, thereby improving the acoustic characteristics and sound pressure characteristics of the mid-low frequency band generated in the display panel 100 by the vibrations of the vibration generators 210, 230. For example, the mid-low frequency band may be, but is not limited to, 200 Hz to 1 kHz. For example, the treble frequency band may be, but is not limited to, 1 kHz or higher or 3 kHz or higher.

[0066] Each of the vibration generators 210, 230 may include, but is not limited to, a piezoelectric structure (or vibration unit, or piezoelectric vibration unit) including a piezoelectric ceramic having piezoelectric properties. For example, each of the vibration generators 210, 230 according to an embodiment of the present specification may include a piezoelectric ceramic having a perovskite crystal structure, thereby vibrating (or mechanically displacing) in response to an externally applied electrical signal. For example, when a vibration drive signal (or voice signal) is applied to each of the vibration generators 210, 230, the piezoelectric structure (or vibration unit, or piezoelectric vibration unit) alternately contracts and expands due to the inverse piezoelectric effect, resulting in a bending phenomenon in which the bending direction alternates. This causes the vibration generators 210, 230 to displace (vibrate or drive) in the same direction as each other due to a bending phenomenon in which the bending direction alternates, thereby increasing or maximizing the displacement (or bending force) or amplitude displacement of the vibration device 200 and / or the display panel 100.

[0067] Among the plurality of vibration generators 210, 230, the first vibration generator 210 arranged on the display panel 100 may be one main vibration generator. For example, among the plurality of vibration generators 210, 230, the remaining second vibration generator 230 may be at least one auxiliary vibration generator stacked on the first vibration generator 210. The second vibration generator 230 may have the same structure as the first vibration generator 210, but is not limited thereto.

[0068] The vibration device 200 according to the embodiment of the present specification may further include an adhesive member 250 (or a first connecting member) disposed between the plurality of vibration generators 210, 230. The adhesive member 250 according to the embodiment of the present specification may be disposed between the plurality of vibration generators 210, 230.

[0069] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the adhesive member 250 may be made of a material including an adhesive layer that has excellent adhesion or bonding strength to each of the plurality of vibration generators 210 and 230. For example, the adhesive member 250 may include, but is not limited to, a foam pad, double-sided tape, or adhesive. For example, the adhesive layer of the adhesive member 250 may include, but is not limited to, epoxy, acrylic, silicone, or urethane. For example, the adhesive layer of the adhesive member 250 may include, among acrylic and urethane, a urethane-based substance (or material) that has relatively softer properties than acrylic. This may minimize vibration loss within the vibration device 200 due to interference between the displacements of the plurality of vibration generators 210 and 230, or allow each of the plurality of vibration generators 210 and 230 to freely displace.

[0070] The adhesive member 250 according to other embodiments of the present disclosure may include one or more of a heat-curable adhesive, a light-curable adhesive, and a thermal adhesive. For example, the adhesive member 250 may include a thermal adhesive. The thermal adhesive may be a heat-activated or thermally curable adhesive. For example, the adhesive member 250 including a thermal adhesive may bond or join two adjacent vibration generators 210, 230 to each other by heat and pressure.

[0071] Multiple vibration generators 210, 230 according to the embodiments of the present specification can be integrated into one structure (or component) by a lamination process using an adhesive member 250. For example, multiple vibration generators 210, 230 can be integrated into one structure by a lamination process using a roller.

[0072] A method for manufacturing the vibration device 200 according to the embodiment of the present specification will be described as follows.

[0073] First, the first vibration generator 210 among the multiple vibration generators 210, 230 is placed at a predetermined position on the stage, and the adhesive member 250 is aligned on the first vibration generator 210 (first loading / alignment process). For example, the first portions 210a of the vibration structures 211 of the first vibration generator 210 can be aligned or positioned on the virtual extension line (VL).

[0074] Next, among the multiple vibration generators 210, 230, the second vibration generator 230 is loaded onto a stage, and the second vibration generator 230 is aligned and disposed on the first vibration generator 210 (second loading / sorting step). For example, the second vibration generator 230 can be aligned and disposed on the first vibration generator 210 through an aligning step in which the second portions (or end portions, or tips, or outer surfaces, or corner portions) 230a of the vibrating structures 211 of the second vibration generator 230 are aligned or positioned with the first portions 210a of the vibrating structures 211 of the first vibration generator 210 or the virtual extension line (VL).

[0075] Next, the first vibration generator 210 and the second vibration generator 230 are temporarily bonded or joined together via the adhesive member 250 (temporary bonding process). For example, the temporary bonding process may involve applying a predetermined pressure to at least one of the first vibration generator 210 and the second vibration generator 230. For example, the temporary bonding process may be omitted.

[0076] Next, the first vibration generator 210 and the second vibration generator 230 that have been temporarily joined or connected are completely joined or connected (main joining step).

[0077] In an embodiment of the present specification, when the adhesive member 250 includes a light-curing adhesive, the bonding process may be performed by irradiating the adhesive member 250 disposed between the first vibration generator 210 and the second vibration generator 230 with light, followed by a light-curing process of curing the adhesive member 250, thereby permanently bonding or joining the first vibration generator 210 and the second vibration generator 230. For example, the light-curing process may be performed by irradiating light while at least one of the first vibration generator 210 and the second vibration generator 230 is pressurized at a certain pressure, but is not limited thereto.

[0078] In another embodiment of the present specification, when the adhesive member 250 includes a thermosetting adhesive, the bonding process may be a thermal curing process in which heat is applied to the adhesive member 250 disposed between the first vibration generator 210 and the second vibration generator 230 to harden the adhesive member 250, thereby bonding or joining the first vibration generator 210 and the second vibration generator 230. For example, the thermal curing process may be performed by applying heat while at least one of the first vibration generator 210 and the second vibration generator 230 is pressurized at a certain pressure, but is not limited thereto.

[0079] In another embodiment of the present specification, when the adhesive member 250 includes a thermal adhesive, the bonding process may be a thermal bonding process in which a predetermined heat and a predetermined pressure are applied to the adhesive member 250 disposed between the first vibration generator 210 and the second vibration generator 230 to harden the adhesive member 250, thereby bonding or joining the first vibration generator 210 and the second vibration generator 230.

[0080] Next, the multiple vibration generators 210, 230 integrated into one structure (or component) via the adhesive member 250 are unloaded from the stage.

[0081] The device according to the embodiment of the present specification may further include a connecting member 150 (or a second connecting member) disposed between the display panel 100 and the vibration device 200.

[0082] The connecting member 150 can be disposed between the display panel 100 and the vibration device 200 to connect or couple the vibration device 200 to the rear surface of the display panel 100. For example, the vibration device 200 can be supported or disposed on the rear surface of the display panel 100 by connecting or coupling the vibration device 200 to the rear surface of the display panel 100 via the connecting member 150.

[0083] The connecting member 150 according to the embodiments of the present specification may be made of a material including an adhesive layer with excellent adhesion or bonding strength to the rear surface of the display panel 100 and the vibrating device 200. For example, the connecting member 150 may include, but is not limited to, a foam pad, double-sided tape, or adhesive. For example, the adhesive layer of the connecting member 150 may include, but is not limited to, epoxy, acrylic, silicone, or urethane. For example, the adhesive layer of the connecting member 150 may be different from or different from the adhesive layer of the adhesive member 250. For example, the adhesive layer of the connecting member 150 may include an acrylic-based material (or material) that has relatively excellent adhesion and high hardness between acrylic and urethane. This may allow the vibration of the vibrating device 200 to be efficiently transmitted to the display panel 100.

[0084] The adhesive layer of the connecting member 150 may further include additives such as a tackifier, a wax component, or an antioxidant. The additives can prevent the adhesive member 150 from separating (or peeling) from the display panel 100 due to vibration of the vibration device 200. For example, the tackifier may be a rosin derivative, the wax component may be paraffin wax, and the antioxidant may be a phenolic antioxidant such as thioester, but are not limited thereto.

[0085] The adhesive member 150 according to other embodiments of the present specification may further include a hollow portion provided between the display panel 100 and the vibration device 200. The hollow portion of the adhesive member 150 may provide an air gap between the display panel 100 and the vibration device 200. The air gap allows sound waves (or sound pressure) caused by vibration of the vibration device 200 to be concentrated on the display panel 100 rather than being dispersed by the adhesive member 150, thereby minimizing vibration loss caused by the adhesive member 150 and increasing the sound pressure characteristics of the sound generated by the vibration of the display panel 100.

[0086] The device according to the embodiment of the present specification may further include a support member 300 disposed on the rear surface of the display panel 100 .

[0087] The support member 300 may cover the rear surface of the display panel 100. For example, the support member 300 may cover the entire rear surface of the display panel 100 with a gap space (GS) therebetween. For example, the support member 300 may include at least one of a glass material, a metal material, and a plastic material. For example, the support member 300 may be a rear structure or a set structure. For example, the support member 300 may be expressed by other terms such as a cover bottom, a plate bottom, a back cover, a base frame, a metal frame, a metal chassis, a chassis base, or an m-chassis. Therefore, the support member 300 may be realized as a frame or a plate-like structure of any shape disposed on the rear surface of the display panel 100.

[0088] A support member 300 according to embodiments of the present disclosure may include a first support member 310 and a second support member 350 .

[0089] The first support member 310 may cover the rear surface of the display panel 100. For example, the first support member 310 may be a plate-shaped member that covers the entire rear surface of the display panel 100. For example, the first support member 310 may be an inner plate made of at least one of glass, metal, and plastic.

[0090] The first support member 310 may be separated from the rearmost surface of the display panel 100 or from the vibration device 200 via a gap space (GS). For example, the gap space (GS) may be expressed as an air gap, a vibration space, or an acoustic resonance portion, and is not limited to these terms.

[0091] The second support member 330 may be disposed on the rear surface of the first support member 310. For example, the second support member 330 may be a plate-shaped member that covers the entire rear surface of the first support member 310. For example, the second support member 330 may include at least one of a glass material, a metal material, and a plastic material. For example, the second support member 330 may be an outer plate, a rear plate, a back plate, a back cover, or a rear cover, and is not limited to these terms.

[0092] The support member 300 according to the embodiment of the present specification may further include a connecting member 350 (or a third connecting member).

[0093] The connecting member 350 may be disposed between the first support member 310 and the second support member 330. For example, the first support member 310 and the second support member 330 may be bonded or connected to each other via the connecting member 350. For example, the connecting member 350 may be, but is not limited to, an adhesive resin, double-sided tape, or a double-sided adhesive foam pad. For example, the connecting member 350 may have elasticity for shock absorption, but is not limited to this. In one example, the connecting member 350 may be disposed over the entire area between the first support member 310 and the second support member 330. In another example, the connecting member 350 may be formed in a mesh structure having an air gap between the first support member 310 and the second support member 330.

[0094] The display device according to the embodiment of the present specification may further include a middle frame 400 .

[0095] The middle frame 400 may be disposed between an edge portion of the rear surface of the display panel 100 and an edge portion of the front surface of the support member 300. The middle frame 400 may support at least one of the edge portions of the display panel 100 and the support member 300, and may surround at least one of the sides of the display panel 100 and the support member 300. The middle frame 400 may provide a gap space (GS) between the display panel 100 and the support member 300. The middle frame 400 may be referred to as a middle cabinet, a middle cover, a middle chassis, or the like, but is not limited to these terms.

[0096] The middle frame 400 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure may include a first support portion 410 and a second support portion 430 .

[0097] The first support portion 410 is disposed between the rear edge portion of the display panel 100 and the front edge portion of the support member 300, thereby providing a gap space (GS) between the display panel 100 and the support member 300. The front surface of the first support portion 410 may be coupled or connected to the rear edge portion of the display panel 100 via a first frame connecting member 401. The rear surface of the first support portion 410 may be coupled or connected to the front edge portion of the support member 300 via a second frame connecting member 403. For example, the first support portion 410 may have a single rectangular frame structure, or may include a frame structure having a plurality of dividing bar shapes.

[0098] The second support portion 430 may be coupled perpendicularly to the outer surface of the first support portion 410 in parallel with the thickness direction (Z) of the device. The second support portion 430 may protect the outer surfaces of the display panel 100 and the support member 300 by surrounding at least one of the outer surfaces of the display panel 100 and the support member 300. The first support portion 410 may protrude from the inner surface of the second support portion 430 into the gap space (GS) between the display panel 100 and the support member 300.

[0099] An apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include a panel connecting member in place of the middle frame 400 .

[0100] The panel connecting member is disposed between the rear edge of the display panel 100 and the front edge of the support member 300, thereby providing a gap space (GS) between the display panel 100 and the support member 300. The panel connecting member is disposed between the rear edge of the display panel 100 and the front edge of the support member 300, thereby adhering the display panel 100 to the support member 300. For example, the panel connecting member may be implemented as, but is not limited to, double-sided tape, single-sided tape, or a double-sided adhesive foam pad. For example, the adhesive layer of the panel connecting member may include, but is not limited to, epoxy, acrylic, silicone, or urethane. For example, the adhesive layer of the panel connecting member may include a urethane-based material, which is relatively softer than acrylic, among acrylic and urethane. This may minimize vibrations of the display panel 100 transmitted by the support member 300.

[0101] In a device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, if a panel connecting member is included instead of the middle frame 400, the support member 300 may include a curved sidewall that is bent from the tip (or end portion) of the second support member 330 and surrounds one or more of the outer surfaces (or outer walls) of the first support member 310, the panel connecting member, and the display panel 100. The curved sidewall according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may have a single sidewall structure or a hemming structure. A hemming structure may be a structure in which the end of a member is bent into a curved shape and overlaps or is spaced apart from each other. For example, to improve the aesthetic appeal of the side design, the curved sidewall may include a first curved sidewall that is bent from one side of the second support member 330 and a second curved sidewall that is bent from the first curved sidewall to between the first curved sidewall and the outer surface of the display panel 100. The second curved sidewall may be spaced apart from the inner surface of the first curved sidewall. Thus, the second bent sidewalls can prevent the outer surface of the display panel 100 from contacting the inner surface of the first bent sidewall, or prevent external impact in the lateral direction from being transmitted to the outer surface of the display panel 100 .

[0102] 3 is a diagram showing a vibration device according to an embodiment of the present specification, and FIG 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II' shown in FIG 3.

[0103] 2-4, a vibration device 200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include a plurality of vibration generators 210 , 230 and an adhesive member 250 .

[0104] The vibration generators 210, 230 may be stacked or overlapped with each other so as to displace (or drive or vibrate) in the same direction. For example, the vibration generators 210, 230 may have substantially the same size as each other, but are not limited to this. For example, the vibration generators 210, 230 may have substantially the same size as each other within a manufacturing process tolerance, but are not limited to this. In this way, the vibration generators 210, 230 may maximize the amplitude displacement of the vibration device 200 and / or the amplitude displacement of the display panel 100. One side (or end portion, or tip, or outer surface, or each corner portion) 210a, 230a of each of the vibration generators 210, 230 may be arranged on or be located on an imaginary extension line (VL) extending along the thickness direction (Z) of the display panel 100.

[0105] For example, if at least one of the multiple vibration generators 210, 230 has a displacement direction and amplitude displacement that do not match each other, the amplitude displacement of the vibration device 200 cannot be maximized. For example, if at least one of the multiple vibration generators 210, 230 has a different size beyond the tolerance range in the manufacturing process, the displacement direction and amplitude displacement of the multiple vibration generators 210, 230 will not match each other, and the amplitude displacement of the vibration device 200 will not be maximized. Furthermore, if at least one of the multiple vibration generators 210, 230 displaces in a different direction, the displacement directions of the multiple vibration generators 210, 230 will not match each other, and the amplitude displacement of the vibration device 200 will not be maximized.

[0106] The vibration device 200 according to the embodiment of the present specification may include two or more vibration generators 210, 230 stacked so as to displace in the same direction. In the following description, it will be assumed that the vibration device 200 includes first and second vibration generators 210, 230.

[0107] According to an embodiment of the present specification, the first vibration generator 210 may be connected to or disposed on the rear surface of the display panel 100 via a connecting member 150 (or a second connecting member). The second vibration generator 230 may be disposed on or adhered to the first vibration generator 210 via an adhesive member 250 (or a first connecting member).

[0108] Each of the first and second vibration generators 210 and 230 according to the embodiment of the present specification may include a vibration structure 211 , a first protective member 213 , and a second protective member 215 .

[0109] The vibrating structure 211 may include a piezoelectric material (or piezoelectric element) having piezoelectric properties (or piezoelectric effect). For example, the piezoelectric material may have a property that when pressure or twisting is applied to the crystal structure by an external force, a potential difference is generated by dielectric polarization due to a change in the relative positions of positive and negative ions, and vibration occurs due to an electric field caused by an inversely applied voltage.

[0110] The vibrating structure 211 according to an embodiment of the present specification may include a vibrating part 211a including a piezoelectric material, a first electrode part 211b arranged on a first surface of the vibrating part 211a, and a second electrode part 211c arranged on a second surface opposite or different from the first surface of the vibrating part 211a.

[0111] The vibrating unit 211a may include a piezoelectric material, and may be expressed by terms such as, but not limited to, a vibration layer, a piezoelectric layer, a piezoelectric material layer, an electroactive layer, a piezoelectric vibrating unit, a piezoelectric material unit, an electroactive unit, an inorganic material layer, or an inorganic material unit.

[0112] The vibrating portion 211a is made of a transparent, semi-transparent, or opaque piezoelectric material, and may be transparent, semi-transparent, or opaque.

[0113] The vibrating unit 211a may be made of a ceramic material capable of achieving relatively high vibration, or may be made of a piezoelectric ceramic having a perovskite-based crystal structure. The perovskite-based crystal structure may have a plate-like structure with orientation and exhibit piezoelectric and inverse piezoelectric effects. The perovskite-based crystal structure may be represented by the chemical formula ABO3, where the A site is composed of a divalent metal element and the B site is composed of a tetravalent metal element. As an example, in the chemical formula ABO3, the A site and the B site may be cations, and O may be an anion. For example, the perovskite-based crystal structure may include at least one of PbTiO3, PbZrO3, PbZrTiO3, BaTiO3, and SrTiO3, but is not limited thereto.

[0114] According to an embodiment of the present specification, the vibrating part 211a may include one or more of lead (Pb), zirconium (Zr), titanium (Ti), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), and niobium (Nb), but is not limited thereto.

[0115] As another example, the vibrating part 211a may include, but is not limited to, a PZT (lead zirconate titanate)-based material including lead (Pb), zirconium (Zr), and titanium (Ti), or a PZNN (lead zirconate nickel niobate)-based material including lead (Pb), zirconium (Zr), nickel (Ni), and niobium (Nb). Alternatively, the vibrating part 211a may include, but is not limited to, at least one of CaTiO3, BaTiO3, and SrTiO3, which do not include lead (Pb).

[0116] In another embodiment, the vibrating portion 211a has a piezoelectric deformation coefficient (d 33 ) can have a high piezoelectric deformation coefficient (d 33), it is possible to provide a vibrating device 200 that can be applied to a large display panel and has sufficient vibration or piezoelectric characteristics. For example, the vibrating part 211a may include a PZT-based material (PbZrTiO3) as a main component, a softener dopant material doped in the A site (Pb), and a relaxor ferroelectric material doped in the B site (ZrTi).

[0117] The softener dopant material can improve the piezoelectric and dielectric properties of the vibrating part 211a, for example, the piezoelectric deformation coefficient (d 33 ) can be increased. It has been found that when a softener dopant material is composed of a +1 valent element, the piezoelectric and dielectric properties decrease. For example, when a softener dopant material is composed of potassium (K) and rubidium (Rb), the piezoelectric and dielectric properties decrease. Therefore, the inventors of the present specification have found through multiple experiments that in order to improve the piezoelectric and dielectric properties, the softener dopant material must be composed of a +2 to +3 valent element. The doped softener dopant material according to the embodiments of the present specification can include a +2 to +3 valent element. By including a softener dopant material in a PZT-based material (PbZrTiO3), a morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) can be formed, thereby improving the piezoelectric and dielectric properties. For example, the soft dopant material may include strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), lanthanum (La), neodymium (Nd), calcium (Ca), yttrium (Y), erbium (Er), or ytterbium (Yb). For example, ions of the soft dopant material (Sr) doped into a PZT-based material (PbZrTiO3) may be used. 2+ , Ba 2+ , La 2+ , Nd 3+ , Ca 2+ , Y 3+ , Er 3+ , Yb 3+) substitutes a portion of the lead (Pb) in the PZT-based material (PbZrTiO3), and the substitution amount can be 2 to 20 mol%. For example, if the substitution amount is less than 2 mol% or more than 20 mol%, the perovskite crystal structure is broken, and the electric coupling coefficient (kP) and the piezoelectric deformation coefficient (d 33 When a soft dopant material is substituted, a morphotropic phase boundary can be formed, and high piezoelectric and dielectric properties can be obtained at the morphotropic phase boundary, thereby realizing a vibrating device with high piezoelectric and dielectric properties.

[0118] According to an embodiment of the present specification, a relaxor ferroelectric material doped into a PZT-based material (PbZrTiO3) can improve the electrodeformation characteristics of the vibrating part 211a. The relaxor ferroelectric material according to an embodiment of the present specification may include, but is not limited to, a PMN (lead magnesium niobate)-based material or a PNN (lead nickel niobate)-based material. The PMN-based material may include lead (Pb), magnesium (Mg), and niobium (Nb), such as Pb(Mg,Nb)O3. The PNN-based material may include lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), and niobium (Nb), such as Pb(Ni,Nb)O3. For example, a relaxor ferroelectric material doped into a PZT-based material (PbZrTiO3) is obtained by substituting a portion of zirconium (Zr) and titanium (Ti) in the PZT-based material (PbZrTiO3), with the substitution amount being 5 to 25 mol%. For example, if the substitution amount is less than 5 mol% or more than 25 mol%, the perovskite crystal structure is broken, resulting in a decrease in the electric coupling coefficient (kP) and piezoelectric deformation coefficient (d 33 ) may decrease.

[0119] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the vibrating unit 211a may further include a donor material doped into the B site (ZrTi) of the PZT-based material (PbZrTiO3) to further improve the piezoelectric coefficient. For example, the donor material doped into the B site (ZrTi) may include an element with a valence of +4 to +6. For example, the donor material doped into the B site (ZrTi) may include tellurium (Te), germanium (Ge), uranium (U), bismuth (Bi), niobium (Nb), tantalum (Ta), antimony (Sb), or tungsten (W).

[0120] The vibration part 211a according to the embodiment of the present specification can be expressed by the following formula.

[0121] [Formula 1] (Pb A-B C B )((Mg 1 / 3 Nb 2 / 3 ) a (Ni 1 / 3 Nb 2 / 3 ) b Zr c Ti d )O3

[0122] Here, C can be any one of calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), and barium (Ba), and a+b+c+d=1, 0.02≦B≦0.20, 0.80≦AB≦0.98, 0.05≦a≦0.25, 0.05≦b≦0.25, 0.10≦c≦0.50, and 0.10≦d≦0.50.

[0123] The vibration part 211a according to the embodiment of the present specification has a piezoelectric deformation coefficient (d 33 ) can have a capacitance of 1,000 pC / N or more, so that a vibration device with improved vibration characteristics can be realized. For example, a vibration device with improved vibration characteristics can be realized in a large-area device.

[0124] The vibration part 211a according to the embodiment of the present specification may be configured in a circular, elliptical or polygonal shape, but is not limited thereto.

[0125] The first electrode unit 211b may be disposed on a first surface (or upper surface) of the vibrating unit 211a. For example, the first electrode unit 211b may be electrically connected to the first surface of the vibrating structure 211. For example, the first electrode unit 211b may have the shape of a single electrode (or a common electrode) disposed over the entire first surface of the vibrating structure 211. For example, the first electrode unit 211b may have the same shape as the vibrating unit 211a, but is not limited thereto. The first electrode unit 211b according to the embodiments of the present specification may be made of a transparent conductive material, a semi-transparent conductive material, or an opaque conductive material. For example, the transparent or semi-transparent conductive material may include, but is not limited to, ITO (indium tin oxide) or IZO (indium zinc oxide). The opaque conductive material may include, but is not limited to, aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), gold (Au), silver (Ag), molybdenum (Mo), or magnesium (Mg), or may be an alloy thereof.

[0126] The second electrode unit 211c may be disposed opposite the first surface of the vibrating unit 211a or on another second surface (or rear surface). For example, the second electrode unit 211c may be electrically connected to the second surface of the vibrating unit 211a. For example, the second electrode unit 211c may have a single electrode (or common electrode) shape disposed over the entire second surface of the vibrating unit 211a. For example, the second electrode unit 211c may have the same shape as the vibrating unit 211a, but is not limited to this. The second electrode unit 211c according to the embodiments of the present specification may be made of a transparent conductive material, a semi-transparent conductive material, or an opaque conductive material. For example, the second electrode unit 211c may be made of the same material as the first electrode unit 211b, but is not limited to this. As another example, the second electrode unit 211c may be made of a different material from the first electrode unit 211b.

[0127] In each of the first and second vibration generators 210, 230, the first electrode unit 211b may be disposed closer to the display panel 100 than the second electrode unit 211c, but is not limited thereto. For example, in a vibration device 200 including a plurality of vibration generators 210, 230 according to the present specification, the first electrode unit 211b of each of the plurality of vibration generators 210, 230 may be disposed closer to the display panel 100 than the second electrode unit 211c.

[0128] The vibrating part 211a may be polarized by a constant voltage applied to the first electrode part 211b and the second electrode part 211c in a constant temperature atmosphere or in a temperature atmosphere that changes from high temperature to room temperature, but is not limited thereto. For example, the vibrating part 211a may be displaced or vibrate by alternately repeating contraction and expansion due to the inverse piezoelectric effect caused by a vibration drive signal (or an acoustic signal or a voice signal) applied from the outside to the first electrode part 211b and the second electrode part 211c.

[0129] The vibrating structure 211 (or vibrating part 211a) of the first vibration generator 210 may have the same size as the vibrating structure 211 (or vibrating part 211a) of the second vibration generator 230. In order to maximize or increase the displacement amount or amplitude displacement of the vibration device 200, the vibrating structure 211 (or vibrating part 211a) of the first vibration generator 210 may substantially overlap or be superimposed on the vibrating structure 211 (or vibrating part 211a) of the second vibration generator 230 without any misalignment. For example, the vibrating structure 211 (or vibrating part 211a) of the first vibration generator 210 may substantially overlap or be superimposed on the vibrating structure 211 (or vibrating part 211a) of the second vibration generator 230 without any misalignment within the tolerance range of the manufacturing process. For example, the vibrating structure 211 (or vibrating part 211a) of the first vibration generator 210 and the vibrating structure 211 (or vibrating part 211a) of the second vibration generator 230 are realized in a laminated structure in which they have the same size and are stacked without any misalignment, thereby maximizing or increasing the displacement amount or amplitude displacement of the vibration device 200. For example, the vibrating structure 211 (or vibrating part 211a) of the first vibration generator 210 and the vibrating structure 211 (or vibrating part 211a) of the second vibration generator 230 are realized in a laminated structure in which they have the same size and are stacked accurately without any misalignment, thereby maximizing or increasing the displacement amount or amplitude displacement of the vibration device 200.

[0130] According to an embodiment of the present specification, each first portion (or end portion, or tip, or outer surface, or each corner portion) 210a of the vibrating structure 211 (or vibrating portion 211a) of the first vibration generator 210 may be aligned with or located on the imaginary extension line (VL). For example, each first portion (or end portion, or tip, or outer surface, or each corner portion) 210a of the vibrating structure 211 (or vibrating portion 211a) of the first vibration generator 210 may be exactly aligned with or located on the imaginary extension line (VL). Each second portion (or end portion, or tip, or outer surface, or each corner portion) 230a of the vibrating structure 211 (or vibrating portion 211a) of the second vibration generator 230 may be aligned with or located on the imaginary extension line (VL). For example, the second portions (or end portions, or tips, or outer surfaces, or corner portions) 230a of the vibrating structure 211 (or vibrating portion 211a) of the second vibration generator 230 may be precisely aligned with or precisely located on the imaginary extension line (VL). The first portions 210a of the vibrating structure 211 (or vibrating portion 211a) of the first vibration generator 210 may be aligned with or overlap the second portions 230a of the vibrating structure 211 (or vibrating portion 211a) of the second vibration generator 230. For example, the first portions 210a of the vibrating structure 211 (or vibrating portion 211a) of the first vibration generator 210 may be precisely aligned with or overlap the second portions 230a of the vibrating structure 211 (or vibrating portion 211a) of the second vibration generator 230. For example, each first portion 210a of the vibrating structure 211 (or vibrating portion 211a) of the first vibration generator 210 may correspond to each second portion 230a of the vibrating structure 211 (or vibrating portion 211a) of the second vibration generator 230. Therefore, in the vibration device 200 according to the present specification, the vibrating structure 211 (or first vibrating structure) of the first vibration generator 210 and the vibrating structure 211 (or second vibrating structure) of the second vibration generator 230 are displaced in the same direction, thereby maximizing or increasing the displacement amount or amplitude displacement.This makes it possible to increase (or maximize) the displacement amount (or bending force) or amplitude displacement of the display panel 100.

[0131] In the first vibration generator 210, the first protective member 213 may be disposed on the first electrode portion 211b. The first protective member 213 may protect the first electrode portion 211b. The second protective member 215 may be disposed on the second electrode portion 211c. The second protective member 215 may protect the second electrode portion 211c. For example, each of the first protective member 213 and the second protective member 215 of the first vibration generator 210 may be made of, but is not limited to, a plastic material, a fiber material, or a wood material. For example, in the first vibration generator 210, the first protective member 213 may be made of the same material as the second protective member 215 or a different material. One or more of the first protective member 213 and the second protective member 215 of the first vibration generator 210 may be connected or coupled to the rear surface of the display panel 100 via a connecting member 150 (or a second connecting member). For example, the first protective member 213 of the first vibration generator 210 may be connected or coupled to the rear surface of the display panel 100 via the connecting member 150 (or the second connecting member). Moreover, the first vibration generator 210 and the second vibration generator 230 may be arranged symmetrically with respect to each other with respect to the adhesive member 250, as shown in FIG.

[0132] In the second vibration generator 230, the first protective member 213 may be disposed on the first electrode portion 211b. The first protective member 213 may protect the first electrode portion 211b. The second protective member 215 may be disposed on the second electrode portion 211c. The second protective member 215 may protect the second electrode portion 211c. For example, each of the first protective member 213 and the second protective member 215 of the second vibration generator 230 may be made of, but is not limited to, a plastic material, a fiber material, or a wood material. For example, in the second vibration generator 230, the first protective member 213 may be made of the same material as the second protective member 215 or a different material. One or more of the first protective member 213 and the second protective member 215 of the second vibration generator 230 may be connected or coupled to the rear surface of the first vibration generator 210 via an adhesive member 250 (or a first connecting member). For example, the first protective member 213 of the second vibration generator 230 may be coupled or connected to the second protective member 215 of the first vibration generator 210 via an adhesive member 250 (or a second connecting member).

[0133] In each of the first vibration generator 210 and the second vibration generator 230, the first protective member 213 and the second protective member 215 may be made of PI (polyimide) or PET (polyethyleneterephthalate), etc., but are not limited thereto.

[0134] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, one or more of the first vibration generator 210 and the second vibration generator 230 may further include a first adhesive layer 212 and a second adhesive layer 214 .

[0135] In the first vibration generator 210, the first adhesive layer 212 may be disposed between the vibrating structure 211 and the first protective member 213. For example, the first adhesive layer 212 may be disposed between the first electrode portion 211b of the vibrating structure 211 and the first protective member 213. The first protective member 213 may be disposed on the first surface (or the first electrode portion 211b) of the vibrating structure 211 via the first adhesive layer 212. For example, the first protective member 213 may be bonded or connected to the first surface (or the first electrode portion 211b) of the vibrating structure 211 via the first adhesive layer 212 by a film lamination process.

[0136] In the first vibration generator 210, the second adhesive layer 214 may be disposed between the vibrating structure 211 and the second protective member 215. For example, the second adhesive layer 214 may be disposed between the second electrode portion 211c of the vibrating structure 211 and the second protective member 215. The second protective member 215 may be disposed on the second surface (or the second electrode portion 211c) of the vibrating structure 211 via the second adhesive layer 214. For example, the second protective member 215 may be bonded or connected to the second surface (or the second electrode portion 211c) of the vibrating structure 211 via the second adhesive layer 215 by a film lamination process.

[0137] In the first vibration generator 210, the first and second adhesive layers 212, 214 may be connected or bonded to each other between the first protective member 213 and the second protective member 215. For example, in the first vibration generator 210, the first and second adhesive layers 212, 214 may be connected or bonded to each other at the edge portion between the first protective member 213 and the second protective member 215. Thus, in the first vibration generator 210, the vibrating structure 211 may be surrounded by the first and second adhesive layers 212, 214. For example, the first and second adhesive layers 212, 214 may completely surround the entire vibrating structure 211 of the first vibration generator 210. For example, the first and second adhesive layers 212, 214 may be expressed as, but are not limited to, a cover member. When the first and second adhesive layers 212, 214 are cover members, the first protective member 213 may be disposed on a first surface of the cover member, and the second protective member 215 may be disposed on a second surface of the cover member.

[0138] In the second vibration generator 230, the first adhesive layer 212 may be disposed between the vibrating structure 211 and the first protective member 213. For example, the first adhesive layer 212 may be disposed between the first electrode portion 211b of the vibrating structure 211 and the first protective member 213. The first protective member 213 may be disposed on the first surface (or the first electrode portion 211b) of the vibrating structure 211 via the first adhesive layer 212. For example, the first protective member 213 may be bonded or connected to the first surface (or the first electrode portion 211b) of the vibrating structure 211 via the first adhesive layer 212 by a film lamination process.

[0139] In the second vibration generator 230, the second adhesive layer 214 may be disposed between the vibrating structure 211 and the second protective member 215. For example, the second adhesive layer 214 may be disposed between the second electrode portion 211c of the vibrating structure 211 and the second protective member 215. The second protective member 215 may be disposed on the second surface (or the second electrode portion 211c) of the vibrating structure 211 via the second adhesive layer 214. For example, the second protective member 215 may be bonded or connected to the second surface (or the second electrode portion 211c) of the vibrating structure 211 via the second adhesive layer 215 by a film lamination process.

[0140] In the second vibration generator 230, the first and second adhesive layers 212, 214 may be connected or bonded to each other between the first protective member 213 and the second protective member 215. For example, in the second vibration generator 230, the first and second adhesive layers 212, 214 may be connected or bonded to each other at the edge portion between the first protective member 213 and the second protective member 215. Thus, in the second vibration generator 230, the vibrating structure 211 may be surrounded by the first and second adhesive layers 212, 214. For example, the first and second adhesive layers 212, 214 may completely surround the entire vibrating structure 211 of the second vibration generator 230. For example, the first and second adhesive layers 212, 214 may be expressed as, but are not limited to, a cover member. When the first and second adhesive layers 212, 214 are cover members, the first protective member 213 may be disposed on a first surface of the cover member, and the second protective member 215 may be disposed on a second surface of the cover member.

[0141] In each of the first vibration generator 210 and the second vibration generator 230, the first and second adhesive layers 212, 214 may include an electrically insulating material. For example, the electrically insulating material may include a material that is adhesive and capable of being compressed and restored. For example, one or more of the first and second adhesive layers 212, 214 may include, but are not limited to, epoxy resin, acrylic resin, silicone resin, or urethane resin.

[0142] Either the first or second vibration generator 210 or 230 according to the embodiment of the present specification may further include a first power supply line (PL1), a second power supply line (PL2), and a pad unit 217.

[0143] The first power supply line (PL1) of one or more of the first and second vibration generators 210 and 230 may extend long along the second direction (Y). The first power supply line (PL1) may be disposed on the first protective member 213 and electrically connected to the first electrode unit 211b. For example, the first power supply line (PL1) may be disposed on a rear surface of the first protective member 213 facing the first electrode unit 211b and electrically connected to the first electrode unit 211b. For example, the first power supply line (PL1) may be disposed on a rear surface of the first protective member 213 directly facing the first electrode unit 211b and electrically connected directly to the first electrode unit 211b. In one embodiment, the first power supply line (PL1) may be electrically connected to the first electrode unit 211b via an anisotropic conductive film. In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the first power supply line (PL1) may be electrically connected to the first electrode portion 211b through a conductive material (or particles) contained in the first adhesive layer 212.

[0144] For example, one or more first power supply lines (PL1) of the first and second vibration generators 210 and 230 may include at least one first power line protruding along a first direction (X) intersecting with the second direction (Y). The at least one first power line may extend long from at least one of one side and the other side of the first power supply line (PL1) along the first direction (X) and be electrically connected to the first electrode unit 211b. As a result, the at least one first power line may improve the uniformity of the vibration driving signal applied to the first electrode unit 211b.

[0145] One or more second power supply lines (PL2) of the first and second vibration generators 210 and 230 may be disposed on the second protective member 215 and electrically connected to the second electrode portion 211c. For example, the second power supply line (PL2) may be disposed on a rear surface of the second protective member 215 facing the second electrode portion 211c and electrically connected to the second electrode portion 211c. For example, the second power supply line (PL2) may be disposed on a rear surface of the second protective member 215 directly facing the second electrode portion 211c and electrically connected directly to the second electrode portion 211c. In one embodiment, the second power supply line (PL2) may be electrically connected to the second electrode portion 211c via an anisotropic conductive film. In another embodiment of the present specification, the second power supply line (PL2) may be electrically connected to the second electrode portion 211c via a conductive material (or particles) contained in the second adhesive layer 214.

[0146] For example, one or more second power supply lines (PL2) of the first and second vibration generators 210 and 230 may include at least one second power line protruding along the first direction (X). The at least one second power line may extend long from at least one of one side and the other side of the second power supply line (PL2) along the first direction (X) and be electrically connected to the second electrode unit 211c. The at least one second power line may overlap or be superimposed on at least one first power line. As a result, the at least one second power line may improve the uniformity of the vibration driving signal applied to the second electrode unit 211c.

[0147] The pad unit 217 may be electrically connected to one or more first portions (or one side or one end) of the first power supply line (PL1) and the second power supply line (PL2). For example, the pad unit 217 may be disposed at one or more first end portions of the first protection member 213 and the second protection member 215. The pad unit 217 may be electrically connected to one or more first portions (or one side or one end) of the first power supply line (PL1) and the second power supply line (PL2) at one or more first end portions of the first protection member 213 and the second protection member 215.

[0148] The pad unit 217 according to the embodiment of the present specification may include a first pad electrode electrically connected to a first portion (or one side or one end) of the first power supply line (PL1) and a second pad electrode electrically connected to a first portion (or one side or one end) of the second power supply line (PL2). For example, one of the first pad electrode and the second pad electrode may be exposed to one or more first end portions of the first protective member 213 and the second protective member 215.

[0149] One or more of the first and second vibration generators 210, 230 according to embodiments herein may further include a flexible cable 219.

[0150] The flexible cable 219 may be electrically connected to the pad unit 217 disposed on one or more of the first and second vibration generators 210 and 230. As a result, the flexible cable 219 may supply a vibration drive signal (or an acoustic signal) provided from a vibration drive circuit to the corresponding vibrating structure 211. The flexible cable 219 according to the embodiment of the present specification may include a first terminal electrically connected to a first pad electrode of the pad unit 217 and a second terminal electrically connected to a second pad electrode of the pad unit 217. For example, the flexible cable 219 may be, but is not limited to, a flexible printed circuit cable or a flexible flat cable.

[0151] The vibration drive circuit (or acoustic processing circuit) can generate AC vibration drive signals including a first vibration drive signal and a second vibration drive signal based on an acoustic source. The first vibration drive signal can be either a positive (+) vibration drive signal or a negative (-) vibration drive signal, and the second vibration drive signal can be either a positive (+) vibration drive signal or a negative (-) vibration drive signal. For example, the first vibration drive signal can be supplied to the first electrode portion 211b of the vibrating structure 211 via a first terminal of the flexible cable 219, a first pad electrode of the pad portion 217, and a first power supply line (PL1). The second vibration drive signal can be supplied to the second electrode portion 211c of the vibrating structure 211 via a second terminal of the flexible cable 219, a second pad electrode of the pad portion 217, and a second power supply line (PL2). In another embodiment, the first vibration drive signal may be supplied to the second electrode portion 211c of the vibrating structure 211 via the first terminal of the flexible cable 219, the second pad electrode of the pad portion 217, and the second power supply line (PL2). The second vibration drive signal may be supplied to the first electrode portion 211b of the vibrating structure 211 via the second terminal of the flexible cable 219, the first pad electrode of the pad portion 217, and the first power supply line (PL1).

[0152] The adhesive member 250 according to the embodiments of the present specification may be disposed between the first and second vibration generators 210 and 230. For example, the adhesive member 250 may be disposed between the first protective member 213 of the first vibration generator 210 and the second protective member 215 of the second vibration generator 230. For example, the adhesive member 250 may be made of a material including an adhesive layer having excellent adhesion or bonding strength to the first and second vibration generators 210 and 230. For example, the adhesive member 250 may include a foam pad, double-sided tape, or adhesive agent. For example, the adhesive layer of the adhesive member 250 may include, but is not limited to, epoxy, acrylic, silicone, or urethane.

[0153] 3 and 4 and the related description, the vibration device 200 according to the embodiment of the present specification includes the first and second vibration generators 210 and 230 and the adhesive member 250 disposed between the first and second vibration generators 210 and 230, but is not limited thereto. For example, the vibration device 200 according to the embodiment of the present specification may include multiple (e.g., three or more) vibration generators 210 and 230 and the adhesive member 250 disposed between the multiple vibration generators 210 and 230 depending on the output characteristics and sound pressure characteristics of the sound generated by the displacement of the display panel 100, which may depend on the size and weight of the display panel 100. In this case, the multiple vibration generators 210 and 230 may be overlapped while having the same size to maximize or increase the displacement amount or amplitude displacement of the vibration device 200. For example, the first and second portions (or end portions, or tips, or outer surfaces, or corner portions) 210a, 230a of each of the one or more vibrating structures 211 (or vibrating portions 211a) of the multiple vibration generators 210, 230 may substantially overlap or be superimposed on each other without any misalignment. For example, the first and second portions (or end portions, or tips, or outer surfaces, or corner portions) 210a, 230a of each of the one or more vibrating structures 211 (or vibrating portions 211a) of the multiple vibration generators 210, 230 may substantially overlap or be superimposed on each other without any misalignment within the tolerance range of the manufacturing process. For example, the first and second portions (or end portions, or tips, or outer surfaces, or corner portions) 210a, 230a of each vibrating structure 211 (or vibrating portion 211a) of the multiple vibration generators 210, 230 can be arranged on or located on the imaginary extension line (VL). For example, the first and second portions (end portions, or tips, or outer surfaces, or corner portions) 210a, 230a of each vibrating structure 211 (or vibrating portion 211a) of the multiple vibration generators 210, 230 can be precisely aligned with or precisely located on the imaginary extension line (VL).

[0154] 5 is a diagram illustrating a vibration drive circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and shows the vibration drive circuit coupled to the vibration device shown in FIG.

[0155] 3 to 5, the vibration drive circuit 500 according to the embodiment of the present specification is electrically connected to the vibration device 200, generates a vibration drive signal based on an acoustic source, and supplies it to the vibration device 200, thereby vibrating or displacing the vibration device 200.

[0156] The vibration drive circuit 500 according to the embodiment of the present specification may include a plurality of amplifiers 501, 502 coupled to each of the plurality of vibration generators 210, 230 constituting the vibration device 200. For example, the vibration drive circuit 500 may include first and second amplifiers 501, 502 individually coupled to each of the first and second vibration generators 210, 230 constituting the vibration device 200.

[0157] The first amplifier 501 can generate an AC-shaped vibration drive signal including a first vibration drive signal and a second vibration drive signal based on an acoustic source.

[0158] The first amplifier 501 according to the embodiment of the present specification may include a first output terminal (T11) that outputs a first vibration drive signal and a second output terminal (T12) that outputs a second vibration drive signal.

[0159] In the first amplifier 501, the first output terminal (T11) may be electrically connected to any one of the first electrode unit 211b and the second electrode unit 211c of the first vibration generator 210. The second output terminal (T12) may be electrically connected to the remaining one of the first electrode unit 211b and the second electrode unit 211c of the first vibration generator 210. For example, the first output terminal (T11) of the first amplifier 501 may be electrically connected to the first electrode unit 211b of the first vibration generator 210, and the second output terminal (T12) of the first amplifier 501 may be electrically connected to the second electrode unit 211c of the first vibration generator 210. For example, a first vibration drive signal output from a first output terminal (T11) of the first amplifier 501 can be supplied to the first electrode unit 211b via the flexible cable 219, pad unit 217, and first power supply line (PL1) of the first vibration generator 210. A second vibration drive signal output from a second output terminal (T12) of the first amplifier 501 can be supplied to the second electrode unit 211c via the flexible cable 219, pad unit 217, and second power supply line (PL2) of the first vibration generator 210.

[0160] The second amplifier 502 according to the embodiment of the present specification may include a first output terminal (T21) for outputting a first vibration drive signal and a second output terminal (T22) for outputting a second vibration drive signal.

[0161] The first and second output terminals (T21, T22) of the second amplifier 502 may be connected to the first electrode unit 211b and the second electrode unit 211c of the second vibration generator 230, respectively, so that the second vibration generator 230 is displaced in the same direction as the displacement direction of the first vibration generator 210. In the second amplifier 502, the first output terminal (T21) may be electrically connected to any one of the first electrode unit 211b and the second electrode unit 211c of the second vibration generator 230, and the second output terminal (T22) may be electrically connected to the remaining one of the first electrode unit 211b and the second electrode unit 211c of the second vibration generator 230. For example, the first output terminal (T21) of the second amplifier 502 may be electrically connected to the second electrode unit 211c of the second vibration generator 230, and the second output terminal (T22) of the second amplifier 502 may be electrically connected to the first electrode unit 211b of the second vibration generator 230. For example, the first vibration drive signal output from the first output terminal (T21) of the second amplifier 502 may be supplied to the second electrode unit 211c via the flexible cable 219, pad unit 217, and second power supply line (PL2) of the second vibration generator 230. The second vibration drive signal output from the second output terminal (T22) of the second amplifier 502 may be supplied to the first electrode unit 211b via the flexible cable 219, pad unit 217, and first power supply line (PL1) of the second vibration generator 230.

[0162] 5 and the related description, the vibration drive circuit 500 according to the embodiment of the present specification has been described as including first and second amplifiers 501, 502, but is not limited thereto. For example, the vibration drive circuit 500 according to the embodiment of the present specification may include a plurality of amplifiers 501, 502 (e.g., three or more) corresponding to the number of vibration generators 210, 230 included in the vibration device 200. Each of the three or more amplifiers 501, 502 can supply a vibration drive signal for displacing each of the three or more vibration generators 210, 230 in the same direction. According to the present specification, the three or more vibration generators 210, 230 include first and second groups, and the multiple amplifiers 501, 502 also include first and second amplifier groups so that the three or more vibration generators 210, 230 are displaced in the same direction.

[0163] The vibration generators 210 (e.g., odd-numbered vibration generators) of the first group are displaced by a vibration drive signal applied from the amplifiers 501 (e.g., odd-numbered amplifiers) of the first amplifier group, and the vibration generators 230 (e.g., even-numbered vibration generators) of the second group are displaced by a vibration drive signal applied from the amplifiers 502 (e.g., even-numbered amplifiers) of the second amplifier group, so that three or more vibration generators 210, 230 can be displaced in the same direction. For example, in the amplifiers 501 of the first amplifier group, the first output terminal (T11) can be electrically connected to the first electrode portion 211b of the vibration generators 210 of the first group, and the second output terminal (T12) can be electrically connected to the second electrode portion 211c of the vibration generators 210 of the first group. In the amplifier 502 of the second amplifier group, the first output terminal (T21) may be electrically connected to the second electrode portion 211c of the vibration generator 230 of the second group, and the second output terminal (T22) may be electrically connected to the first electrode portion 211b of the vibration generator 230 of the second group.

[0164] 6A and 6B are diagrams illustrating the displacement of a vibration generator and a vibration device, respectively, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0165] 6A, the vibration generators 210 and 230 according to the embodiments of the present specification can be displaced (or vibrated) to a first amplitude (DW1) in the thickness direction (Z) of the display panel 100 in response to a vibration drive signal. For example, the vibration unit 211a of the vibration generators 210 and 230 can include a first region (or first polarization region) adjacent to the first electrode unit 211b and a second region (or second polarization region) adjacent to the second electrode unit 211c. The vibration unit 211a can be displaced to the first amplitude (DW1) by expanding the first region in response to a vibration drive signal of positive polarity (+) and contracting the second region in response to a vibration drive signal of negative polarity (-). As a result, the display panel 100 can be displaced (or vibrated) to a second amplitude (DW2) corresponding to the first amplitude (DW1) due to the displacement of the vibration generators 210 and 230 having the first amplitude (DW1).

[0166] 6B, the first and second vibration generators 210 and 230 according to the embodiments of the present specification can be displaced (or vibrated) to a third amplitude (DW3) based on a vibration drive signal in the thickness direction (Z) of the display panel 100. The first and second vibration generators 210 and 230 are stacked on top of each other and displaced (or vibrated) in the same direction, so that a vibration device including the stacked first and second vibration generators 210 and 230 can be displaced (or vibrated) with a relatively large amplitude compared to a vibration device including a single or single vibration generator. For example, the vibration portion 211a of each of the first and second vibration generators 210 and 230 can be adjacent to the first electrode portion 211b and include a first region (or first polarization region) and adjacent to the second electrode portion 211c and include a second region (or second polarization region). The vibrating section 211a of the first vibration generator 210 is displaced to a third amplitude (DW3) by expanding the first region due to the vibration drive signal of positive polarity (+) and contracting the second region due to the vibration drive signal of negative polarity (-), and simultaneously, the vibrating section 211a of the second vibration generator 230 is displaced to a fourth amplitude (DW4) by contracting the first region due to the vibration drive signal of negative polarity (-) and expanding the second region due to the vibration drive signal of positive polarity (+). As a result, the display panel 100 is displaced (or vibrates) to a fifth amplitude (DW5) corresponding to the third amplitude (DW3) of the first vibration generator 210 and the fourth amplitude (DW4) of the second vibration generator 230, and can vibrate at a relatively large amplitude compared to vibrations caused by a vibration device including a vibration generator of one or a single structure. For example, the vibration device 200 according to the present specification can align the driving direction of the vibration device compared to a vibration device including one or a single vibration generator, thereby maximizing or improving the driving force of the vibration device 200. Therefore, the display panel 100 can increase (or maximize) the displacement amount (or bending force) and amplitude displacement due to the displacement of the vibration device 200, thereby improving the acoustic characteristics in the mid-low frequency range and the sound pressure characteristics of the sound generated by the vibration of the display panel 100.

[0167] Fig. 7 is a diagram showing a vibration device according to another embodiment of the present specification. Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III' in Fig. 7. Fig. 8 shows a vibration device in which the second vibration generator of the vibration device shown in Fig. 3 has been modified. Therefore, in the following description, redundant descriptions of the remaining components, excluding the second vibration generator and related components, will be omitted or simplified.

[0168] 7 and 8, in a vibration device 200 according to another embodiment of the present specification, the second vibration generator 230 may include a vibrating structure 211, a first protective member 213, and a second protective member 215. The second vibration generator 230 may be attached to the first vibration generator 210 in an upside-down configuration.

[0169] The second vibration generator 230 can be placed on the back of the first vibration generator 210 via an adhesive member 250 (or a first connecting member) in an inverted state so that it has a stacking structure that is the exact opposite of the stacking structure of the first vibration generator 210, with the back of the display panel 100 as the reference.

[0170] According to an embodiment of the present specification, the first protective member 213 of the first vibration generator 210 may be connected or coupled to the rear surface of the display panel 100 via a connecting member 150 (or a second connecting member). In this case, the second protective member 215 of the second vibration generator 230 may be connected or coupled to the second protective member 215 of the first vibration generator 210 via an adhesive member 250. For example, the first electrode unit 211b of the first vibration generator 210 may be disposed closer to the display panel 100 than the second electrode unit 211c, and the second electrode unit 211c of the second vibration generator 230 may be disposed closer to the display panel 100 than the first electrode unit 211b, so that the first and second vibration generators 210, 230 are simultaneously displaced in the same direction.

[0171] According to another embodiment of the present specification, the second protective member 215 of the first vibration generator 210 may be connected or coupled to the rear surface of the display panel 100 via a connecting member 150. In this case, the first protective member 213 of the second vibration generator 230 may be connected or coupled to the first protective member 213 of the first vibration generator 210 via an adhesive member 250. For example, the second electrode unit 211c of the first vibration generator 210 may be disposed closer to the display panel 100 than the first electrode unit 211b, and the first electrode unit 211b of the second vibration generator 230 may be disposed closer to the display panel 100 than the second electrode unit 211c, so that the first and second vibration generators 210 and 230 are simultaneously displaced in the same direction.

[0172] Therefore, in the vibration device 200 according to another embodiment of the present specification, the second vibration generator 230 is arranged on the first vibration generator 210 in an inverted state, so that when electrically connected to the vibration drive circuit, the first and second vibration generators 210, 230 can be electrically connected to the vibration drive circuit using the same electrical connection method without changing the electrical connection structure between the second vibration generator 230 and the vibration drive circuit.

[0173] 9 is a diagram showing a vibration drive circuit according to another embodiment of the present specification, which is coupled to the vibration device shown in FIG.

[0174] 7 to 9, a vibration drive circuit 500 according to another embodiment of the present specification is electrically connected to the vibration device 200, generates a vibration drive signal based on an acoustic source, and supplies the generated signal to the vibration device 200, thereby vibrating or displacing the vibration device 200.

[0175] The vibration drive circuit 500 according to the embodiment of the present specification may include a plurality of amplifiers 501, 502 coupled to each of the plurality of vibration generators 210, 230 constituting the vibration device 200. For example, the vibration drive circuit 500 may include first and second amplifiers 501, 502 individually coupled to each of the first and second vibration generators 210, 230 constituting the vibration device 200.

[0176] The first amplifier 501 can generate AC vibration drive signals including a first vibration drive signal and a second vibration drive signal based on an acoustic source. The first amplifier 501 according to the present specification can include a first output terminal (T11) for outputting the first vibration drive signal and a second output terminal (T12) for outputting the second vibration drive signal. The first amplifier 501 is substantially the same as the first amplifier 501 described in FIG. 5, and therefore a repeated description thereof will be omitted.

[0177] The second amplifier 502 according to the embodiment of the present specification may include a first output terminal (T21) for outputting a first vibration drive signal and a second output terminal (T22) for outputting a second vibration drive signal.

[0178] The first and second output terminals (T21, T22) of the second amplifier 502 may be connected to the first electrode unit 211b and the second electrode unit 211c of the second vibration generator 230, respectively, so that the second vibration generator 230 is displaced in the same direction as the displacement direction of the first vibration generator 210. For example, the first output terminal (T21) of the second amplifier 502 may be electrically connected to the first electrode unit 211b of the second vibration generator 230, and the second output terminal (T22) of the second amplifier 502 may be electrically connected to the second electrode unit 211c of the second vibration generator 230. For example, the first vibration drive signal output from the first output terminal (T21) of the second amplifier 502 may be supplied to the first electrode unit 211b via the flexible cable 219, the pad unit 217, and the first power supply line (PL1) of the second vibration generator 230. The second vibration drive signal output from the second output terminal (T22) of the second amplifier 502 can be supplied to the second electrode portion 211c via the flexible cable 219 of the second vibration generator 230, the pad portion 217, and the second power supply line (PL2).

[0179] In the vibration driver circuit 500 according to other embodiments of the present specification, the second vibration generator 230 is disposed or bonded to the first vibration generator 210 in a vertically inverted shape, so that the second vibration generator 230 can be electrically connected to the second vibration generator 230 without changing the positions of the first and second output terminals (T21, T22) of the second amplifier 502. For example, the second vibration generator 230 shown in FIGS. 2 to 5 can be disposed or connected to the first vibration generator 210 without being inverted, so that the first vibration generator 210 and the second vibration generator 230 are displaced in the same direction, so that the second vibration generator 230 can be electrically connected to the second vibration generator 230 with the positions of the first and second output terminals (T21, T22) of the second amplifier 502 changed from each other. 7 to 9 is disposed on or connected to the first vibration generator 210 in a vertically inverted shape, and the first and second vibration generators 210, 230 are displaced in the same direction, so there is no need to change the positions of the first and second output terminals (T21, T22) of the second amplifier 502. As a result, the method of electrical connection between the first and second output terminals (T21, T22) of the second amplifier 502 and the second vibration generator 230 is the same as the method of electrical connection between the first and second output terminals (T21, T22) of the first amplifier 501 and the first vibration generator 210, and therefore, the ease of assembly between the first and second vibration generators 210, 230 and the first and second amplifiers 501, 502 can be increased or improved. For example, the first output terminal (T11) of the first amplifier 501 may be electrically connected to the first electrode unit 211b of the first vibration generator 210, and the second output terminal (T12) of the first amplifier 501 may be electrically connected to the second electrode unit 211c of the first vibration generator 210. Similarly, the first output terminal (T21) of the second amplifier 502 may be electrically connected to the first electrode unit 211b of the second vibration generator 230, and the second output terminal (T22) of the second amplifier 502 may be electrically connected to the second electrode unit 211c of the second vibration generator 230.

[0180] 7 to 9 and the related description, the vibration device 200 according to another embodiment of the present specification has been described as including the first and second vibration generators 210, 230, but is not limited to this. For example, the vibration device 200 according to another embodiment of the present specification may include a plurality of (e.g., three or more) vibration generators 210, 230. The three or more vibration generators 210, 230 may include first and second groups that are displaced in the same direction.

[0181] In an embodiment of the present specification, the vibration generators 210 of the first group (e.g., odd-numbered vibration generators) may be arranged in a non-inverted state, and the vibration generators 230 of the second group (e.g., even-numbered vibration generators) may be arranged in a upside-down state. For example, the first electrode unit 211b of the vibration generators 210 of the first group may be arranged closer to the display panel 100 than the second electrode unit 211c, and the second electrode unit 211c of the vibration generators 230 of the second group may be arranged closer to the display panel 100 than the first electrode unit 211b.

[0182] In another embodiment of the present specification, the vibration generators 210 of the first group (e.g., odd-numbered vibration generators) may be arranged upside down, and the vibration generators 230 of the second group (e.g., even-numbered vibration generators) may be arranged upside down. For example, the second electrode unit 211c of the vibration generators 210 of the first group may be arranged closer to the display panel 100 than the first electrode unit 211b, and the first electrode unit 211b of the vibration generators 230 of the second group may be arranged closer to the display panel 100 than the second electrode unit 211c.

[0183] A vibration drive circuit 500 according to another embodiment of the present specification may include a plurality of (e.g., three or more) amplifiers 501, 502 corresponding to the number of vibration generators 210, 230 included in the vibration device 200. Each of the three or more amplifiers 501, 502 can receive a vibration drive signal for displacing each of the three or more vibration generators 210, 230 in the same direction. For example, the first electrode unit 211b of each of the three or more vibration generators 210, 230 can receive a first vibration drive signal from a first output terminal (T11, T21) of the corresponding amplifier 501, 502 among the three or more amplifiers 501, 502. The second electrode unit 211c of each of the three or more vibration generators 210, 230 can receive a second vibration drive signal from a second output terminal (T21, T22) of the corresponding amplifier 501, 502 among the three or more amplifiers 501, 502.

[0184] Fig. 10 is a diagram showing a vibration device according to another embodiment of the present specification. Fig. 11 is a diagram showing the vibration section shown in Fig. 10. Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV' shown in Fig. 10, which shows a modified vibration structure of the vibration device shown in Figs. 2 to 5 or the vibration device shown in Figs. 7 to 9. Therefore, in the following explanation, redundant explanations of the remaining configurations, excluding the vibration structure and its related configurations, will be omitted or simplified.

[0185] Referring to Figures 10 to 13, in a vibration device 200 according to another embodiment of the present specification, the vibration structure 211 of each of the first and second vibration generators 210, 230 may include a vibration part 211a, a first electrode part 211b, and a second electrode part 211c.

[0186] The vibrating unit 210a may include a piezoelectric material, a composite piezoelectric material, or an electroactive material exhibiting a piezoelectric effect. The vibrating unit 211a may include an inorganic material and an organic material. For example, the vibrating unit 211a may include a plurality of inorganic material portions made of a piezoelectric material and at least one organic material portion made of a soft material. For example, the vibrating unit 211a may be expressed as, but is not limited to, a piezoelectric vibrating unit, a piezoelectric composite layer, a piezoelectric composite, or a piezoelectric ceramic composite. The vibrating unit 211a may be made of a transparent, translucent, or opaque piezoelectric material and may be transparent, translucent, or opaque. The vibrating structure 211 including the vibrating unit 211a, or each of the first and second vibration generators 210 and 230, may be expressed as, but is not limited to, a flexible vibration generator, a flexible actuator, a flexible speaker, a flexible piezoelectric speaker, a film actuator, a film-type piezoelectric composite actuator, a film speaker, a film-type piezoelectric speaker, or a film-type piezoelectric composite speaker.

[0187] The vibrating unit 211a according to the embodiments of the present specification may include a plurality of first portions 211a1 and a plurality of second portions 211a2. For example, the plurality of first portions 211a1 and the plurality of second portions 211a2 may be alternately arranged along a first direction (X) (or a second direction (Y)). For example, the first direction (X) may be the horizontal direction of the vibrating unit 211a. The second direction (Y) may be the vertical direction of the vibrating unit 211a that intersects with the first direction (X), but is not limited thereto. For example, the first direction (X) may be the vertical direction of the vibrating unit 211a, and the second direction (Y) may be the horizontal direction of the vibrating unit 211a.

[0188] Each of the first portions 211a1 may be made of an inorganic material. The inorganic material may include the materials described above. For example, each of the first portions 211a1 may be made of substantially the same material as the vibrating portion 211a described in FIGS. 3 and 4, and therefore, a redundant description thereof will be omitted.

[0189] Each of the plurality of first portions 211a1 according to the embodiments of the present specification may be disposed between the plurality of second portions 211a2. The plurality of second portions 211a2 may be disposed (or arranged) next to each other with the plurality of first portions 211a1 interposed therebetween. Each of the plurality of first portions 211a1 may have a first width (W1) parallel to the first direction (X) (or the second direction (Y)) and a length parallel to the second direction (Y) (or the first direction (X)). Each of the plurality of second portions 211a2 may have a second width (W2) parallel to the first direction (X) (or the second direction (Y)) and a length parallel to the second direction (Y) (or the first direction (X)). The first width (W1) may be the same as or different from the second width (W2). Each of the plurality of second portions 211a2 may have the same size, e.g., width, area, or volume, within the range of process error (or tolerance) that occurs in the manufacturing process. For example, each of the plurality of first portions 211a1 may have the same size, e.g., width, area, or volume, within the range of process error (or tolerance) that occurs in the manufacturing process. For example, the first width (W1) may be greater than the second width (W2). For example, the first portion 211a1 and the second portion 211a2 may have line or stripe shapes with the same or different sizes. Therefore, the vibrating portion 211a may have a 2-2 composite structure and have a resonant frequency of 20 kHz or less, but is not limited thereto. For example, the resonant frequency of the vibrating portion 211a may be changed based on at least one of the shape, length, and thickness.

[0190] In the vibrating unit 211a, the plurality of first portions 211a1 and the plurality of second portions 211a2 may be arranged (or arrayed) next to each other on the same plane (or the same layer). Each of the plurality of second portions 211a2 may be configured to fill the gap between two adjacent first portions 211a1. Each of the plurality of second portions 211a2 may be connected or bonded to the adjacent first portion 211a1. Each of the plurality of second portions 211a2 may be configured to fill the gap between two adjacent first portions 211a1, thereby being connected or bonded to the adjacent first portion 211a1. In this way, the vibrating unit 211a may be expanded to a desired size or length by side-coupling (or coupling) the first portions 211a1 and the second portions 211a2.

[0191] In the vibrating part 211a, the width (W2) of each of the plurality of second portions 211a2 may gradually decrease from the middle part of the vibrating part 211a toward both edge parts (or both ends) thereof.

[0192] According to an embodiment of the present specification, the second portion 211a2 having the largest width (W2) among the plurality of second portions 211a2 may be located in a portion where the greatest stress is concentrated when the vibrating portion 211a vibrates in the vertical direction (Z) (or thickness direction). The second portion 211a2 having the smallest width (W2) among the plurality of second portions 211a2 may be located in a portion where the least stress is generated when the vibrating portion 211a vibrates in the vertical direction (Z). For example, the second portion 211a2 having the largest width (W2) among the plurality of second portions 211a2 may be located in a central portion of the vibrating portion 211a, and the second portion 211a2 having the smallest width (W2) among the plurality of second portions 211a2 may be located at one or more of both edge portions of the vibrating portion 211a. As a result, when the vibrating part 211a vibrates in the vertical direction (Z), interference of sound waves or superposition of resonance frequencies occurring in the area where the greatest stress is concentrated can be minimized. As a result, the phenomenon of dipping of sound pressure occurring in the low frequency range can be improved, and the flatness of acoustic characteristics in the low frequency range can be improved. For example, the flatness of acoustic characteristics can be the magnitude of the deviation between the maximum sound pressure and the minimum sound pressure.

[0193] In the vibrating part 211a, the plurality of first portions 211a1 may have different sizes (or widths). For example, the size (or width) of each of the plurality of first portions 211a1 may gradually decrease or increase from the middle portion of the vibrating part 211a toward both edge portions (or both ends) thereof. The vibrating part 211a may have various natural vibration frequencies due to the vibration of each of the plurality of first portions 211a1 having different sizes, thereby improving the sound pressure characteristics of the sound and expanding the sound reproduction band.

[0194] Each of the plurality of second portions 211a2 may be disposed between the plurality of first portions 211a1. As a result, the vibrational energy of the vibrating unit 211a due to the linkage within the unit cell of the first portion 211a1 by the second portion 211a2 may be increased, thereby improving vibration characteristics and ensuring piezoelectric characteristics and flexibility. For example, the second portion 211a2 may be one or more of an epoxy-based polymer, an acrylic-based polymer, and a silicone-based polymer, but is not limited thereto.

[0195] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the second portion 211a2 may be made of an organic material portion. For example, the organic material portion may be disposed between the inorganic material portions to absorb impacts applied to the inorganic material portion (or the first portion) and release stress concentrated on the inorganic material portion, thereby improving the durability of the vibrating portion 211a and providing flexibility to the vibrating portion 211a.

[0196] The second portion 211a2 according to the embodiment of the present specification may have a lower modulus and viscoelasticity than the first portion 211a1, thereby improving the reliability of the first portion 211a1, which is vulnerable to impact due to the brittle characteristics of the first portion 211a1.

[0197] For example, the vibration device 200 for vibrating the display panel 100 can have maximum vibration characteristics if it has impact resistance and high rigidity. To ensure that the vibration device 200 has impact resistance and high rigidity, each of the plurality of second portions 211a2 may be made of a material having a relatively high damping factor (tan δ) and relatively high stiffness. For example, each of the plurality of second portions 211a2 may be made of a material having a damping factor (tan δ) of 0.1 to 1 GPa and a stiffness of 0 to 10 GPa. The damping vector (tan δ) and stiffness can be explained by the correlation between the loss factor and the modulus. For example, the second portion 211a2 may be made of a material having a loss factor of 0.01 to 1 and a modulus of 0.1 to 10 GPa.

[0198] The organic material portion of the second portion 211a2 may include an organic material, an organic polymer, an organic piezoelectric material, or an organic non-piezoelectric material having flexibility compared to the inorganic material portion of the first portion 211a1. For example, the second portion 211a2 may be expressed as, but is not limited to, a flexible adhesive portion, an elastic portion, a bending portion, a damping portion, or a soft portion.

[0199] The organic material portion including the organic piezoelectric material can absorb shocks applied to the inorganic material portion (or the first portion), thereby improving the overall durability of the vibration device 200 and providing a certain level of piezoelectric properties. The organic piezoelectric material according to an embodiment of the present specification may be an organic material having electroactive properties. For example, the organic piezoelectric material may include at least one of PVDF (Polyvinylidene fluoride), beta-PVDF (β-Polyvinylidene fluoride), and PVDF-TrFE (Polyvinylidene-trifluoroethylene), but is not limited thereto.

[0200] The organic material portion including the organic non-piezoelectric material is composed of a curable resin composition and an adhesive including the curable resin composition, and is therefore able to absorb impacts applied to the inorganic material portion (or the first portion), thereby improving the overall durability of the vibration device 200. The organic non-piezoelectric material according to an embodiment of the present specification may include at least one of an epoxy-based polymer, an acrylic-based polymer, and a silicone-based polymer, but is not limited thereto.

[0201] For example, the organic material portion including the organic non-piezoelectric material may include an epoxy resin for achieving the high rigidity required for the vibration device 200, and an adhesion promoter for improving adhesion with the inorganic material portion. For example, the adhesion promoter may be, but is not limited to, a phosphate-based material. The organic material portion may be cured by at least one of thermal curing and photocuring. To prevent a decrease in the thickness uniformity of the vibration device 200 due to shrinkage of the organic material portion caused by volatilization of the solvent during curing, a solvent-free epoxy resin may be used, but is not limited to this.

[0202] The organic material portion including the organic non-piezoelectric material may further include a reinforcing agent to enhance the damping characteristics in addition to the high rigidity of the vibration device 200. For example, the reinforcing agent may be a core-shell type Methylmethacrylate-Butadiene-Styrene (MBS), and its content may be 5 to 40 wt%. In the case of such a reinforcing agent, the shell portion of the core-shell type elastic body has a high bonding strength with an epoxy resin such as an acrylic polymer, thereby improving the impact resistance or damping characteristics of the vibration device 200.

[0203] The vibrating unit 211a according to the embodiments of the present specification may have the shape of a single thin film by arranging (or connecting) a plurality of first portions 211a1 and second portions 211a2 on the same plane. For example, the vibrating unit 211a may have a structure in which a plurality of first portions 211a1 are connected to one side. For example, the plurality of first portions 211a1 may be connected across the entire vibrating unit 211a. For example, the vibrating unit 211a may vibrate vertically due to the first portions 211a1 having vibration characteristics, and may bend into a curved shape due to the second portions 211a2 having flexibility. Furthermore, in the vibrating unit 211a according to the embodiments of the present specification, the sizes of the first portions 211a1 and the second portions 211a2 may be configured according to the piezoelectric characteristics and flexibility required of the vibrating unit 211a. As an example, in the case of a vibrating unit 211a that requires piezoelectric characteristics rather than flexibility, the size of the first portions 211a1 may be configured larger than the size of the second portions 211a2. In another embodiment, in the case of vibrating part 211a that requires flexibility rather than piezoelectric properties, the size of second part 211a2 may be configured to be larger than the size of first part 211a1. Therefore, there is an advantage that the size of vibrating part 211a can be adjusted according to the required properties, making it easy to design vibrating part 211a.

[0204] The vibrating structure 211 of the first vibration generator 210 and the vibrating structure 211 of the second vibration generator 230 may be overlapped while having the same size to maximize or increase the displacement or amplitude displacement of the vibration device 200. For example, the first portion (end portion, tip portion, outer surface, or each corner portion) 210a of each of the vibrating structure 211 (or vibrating portion 211a) of the first vibration generator 210 may be substantially aligned or overlapped with the second portion (end portion, tip portion, outer surface, or each corner portion) 230a of each of the vibrating structure 211 (or vibrating portion 211a) of the second vibration generator 230 without any misalignment. For example, the first portion (or end portion, or tip, or outer surface, or each corner portion) 210a of the vibrating structure 211 (or vibrating portion 211a) of the first vibration generator 210 may be substantially aligned or overlapped with the second portion (or end portion, or tip, or outer surface, or each corner portion) 230a of the vibrating structure 211 (or vibrating portion 211a) of the second vibration generator 230 without any misalignment within the tolerance range of the manufacturing process. For example, the first portion (or end portion, or tip, or outer surface, or each corner portion) 210a of the vibrating structure 211 (or vibrating portion 211a) of the first vibration generator 210 may be aligned with or located on a virtual first extension line (VL1). Each first portion (or end portion, or tip, or outer surface, or each corner portion) 210a of the vibrating structure 211 (or vibrating portion 211a) of the first vibration generator 210 may be precisely aligned with or precisely located on a virtual first extension line (VL1). Each second portion (or end portion, or tip, or outer surface, or each corner portion) 230a of the vibrating structure 211 (or vibrating portion 211a) of the second vibration generator 230 may be precisely aligned with or precisely located on the first extension line (VL1). For example, each second portion (or end portion, or tip, or outer surface, or each corner portion) 230a of the vibrating structure 211 (or vibrating portion 211a) of the second vibration generator 230 may be precisely aligned with or precisely located on the first extension line (VL1).

[0205] According to the present specification, the plurality of first portions 211a1 of the first vibration generator 210 and the plurality of first portions 211a1 of the second vibration generator 230 may have the same size and may substantially overlap or be superimposed on each other without any misalignment. For example, the plurality of first portions 211a1 of the first vibration generator 210 and the plurality of first portions 211a1 of the second vibration generator 230 may have the same size and may substantially overlap or be superimposed on each other without any misalignment within the tolerance range of the manufacturing process. According to the present specification, the first portion of each of the plurality of first portions 211a1 belonging to the first vibration generator 210 may substantially overlap or be superimposed on each of the plurality of first portions 211a1 belonging to the second vibration generator 230 without any misalignment. For example, each first portion of the plurality of first portions 211a1 belonging to the first vibration generator 210 may substantially overlap or be superimposed on each first portion of the plurality of first portions 211a1 belonging to the second vibration generator 230 without any misalignment, within a tolerance range in the manufacturing process. For example, each first portion of the plurality of first portions 211a1 belonging to the first vibration generator 210 may be aligned with or located on the second extension line (VL2) without any misalignment, within a tolerance range in the manufacturing process, with each first portion of the plurality of first portions 211a1 belonging to the second vibration generator 230. For example, each first portion of the plurality of first portions 211a1 belonging to the first vibration generator 210 may be accurately aligned with or located on the second extension line (VL2) without any misalignment, within a tolerance range in the manufacturing process, with each first portion of the plurality of first portions 211a1 belonging to the second vibration generator 230.

[0206] According to the present specification, the plurality of second portions 211a2 of the first vibration generator 210 and the plurality of second portions 211a2 of the second vibration generator 230 may have the same size and may substantially overlap or be superimposed on each other without any misalignment. For example, the plurality of second portions 211a2 of the first vibration generator 210 and the plurality of second portions 211a2 of the second vibration generator 230 may have the same size and may substantially overlap or be superimposed on each other without any misalignment within a manufacturing process tolerance. According to the present specification, each of the plurality of second portions 211a2 of the first vibration generator 210 may substantially overlap or be superimposed on each of the plurality of second portions 211a2 of the second vibration generator 230 without any misalignment. For example, each of the plurality of second portions 211a2 of the first vibration generator 210 may be aligned with or positioned on the second extension line (VL2) without any misalignment with each of the plurality of second portions 211a2 of the second vibration generator 230. For example, each of the plurality of second portions 211a2 of the first vibration generator 210 (or an end portion or one side) may be accurately aligned with or positioned on the second extension line (VL2) within a manufacturing process tolerance without any misalignment with each of the plurality of second portions 211a2 of the second vibration generator 230 (or an end portion or one side). Therefore, in the vibration device 200 according to the present specification, the vibration part 211a of the first vibration generator 210 and the vibration part 211a of the second vibration generator 230 are displaced in the same direction, thereby maximizing or increasing the displacement amount or amplitude displacement, and thereby increasing (or maximizing) the displacement amount (or bending force) or amplitude displacement of the display panel 100.

[0207] The first electrode unit 211b may be disposed on the first surface (or upper surface) of the vibrating unit 211a. The first electrode unit 211b may be commonly disposed on or coupled to the first surfaces of the first portions 211a1 and the second portions 211a2. The first electrode unit 211b may be electrically connected to the first surfaces of the first portions 211a1. For example, the first electrode unit 211b may be disposed over the entire first surface of the vibrating unit 211a. The first electrode unit 211b may have the shape of a single electrode (or a common electrode). For example, the first electrode unit 211b may have substantially the same shape as the vibrating unit 211a, but is not limited thereto. The first electrode unit 211b according to the present specification may be made of, but is not limited to, a transparent conductive material, a semi-transparent conductive material, or an opaque conductive material.

[0208] The second electrode unit 211c may be disposed on a second surface (or back surface) opposite to or different from the first surface of the vibrating unit 211a. The second electrode unit 211c may be commonly disposed on or coupled to the second surface of each of the first portions 211a1 and the second surface of each of the second portions 211a2. The second electrode unit 211c may be electrically connected to the second surface of each of the first portions 211a1. For example, the second electrode unit 211c may be disposed over the entire second surface of the vibrating unit 211a. The second electrode unit 211c may have the shape of a single electrode (or a common electrode). For example, the second electrode unit 211c may have the same shape as the vibrating unit 211a, but is not limited thereto. The second electrode unit 211c according to the present specification may be made of, but is not limited to, a transparent conductive material, a semi-transparent conductive material, or an opaque conductive material.

[0209] The first electrode portion 211b can be covered by the first protective member 213 described above. The second electrode portion 211c can be covered by the second protective member 215 described above.

[0210] The vibrating portion 211a of each of the first and second vibration generators 210 and 230 may be polarized by a constant voltage applied to the first electrode portion 211b and the second electrode portion 211c in a constant temperature atmosphere or in a temperature atmosphere varying from high temperature to room temperature, but is not limited thereto. For example, the vibrating portion 211a of each of the first and second vibration generators 210 and 230 may vibrate by alternately repeating contraction and expansion due to the inverse piezoelectric effect caused by a vibration drive signal externally applied to the first electrode portion 211b and the second electrode portion 211c. For example, the vibrating portion 211a of each of the first and second vibration generators 210 and 230 may vibrate by a vertical vibration (d33) and a planar (or horizontal) vibration (d31) caused by the vibration drive signal applied to the first electrode portion 211b and the second electrode portion 211c. The contraction and expansion of the vibrating part 211a in the planar direction may increase the displacement of the vibrating device 200 or the display panel, thereby improving the vibration of the vibrating device 200 or the display panel.

[0211] 10 to 12 and the related description, a vibration device 200 according to another embodiment of the present specification has been described as including first and second vibration generators 210, 230, but is not limited thereto. For example, a vibration device 200 according to another embodiment of the present specification may include multiple (e.g., three or more) vibration generators 210, 230. In this case, the multiple vibration generators 210, 230 may be overlapped while having the same size to maximize or increase the displacement or amplitude displacement of the vibration device 200. According to the present specification, the first portion 211a1 of the vibration generator 210 arranged on the upper floor (or upper floor) of the three or more vibration generators 210, 230 and the first portion 211a1 of the vibration generator 230 arranged on the lower floor (or lower floor) may substantially overlap or be superimposed on each other without any misalignment. For example, the first portion 211a1 of the vibration generator 210 arranged in an upper layer among the three or more vibration generators 210, 230 and the first portion 211a1 of the vibration generator 230 arranged in a lower layer may substantially overlap or be superimposed on each other without misalignment within the tolerance range of the manufacturing process. For example, the first portion 211a1 of the vibration generator 210 arranged in an upper layer among the three or more vibration generators 210, 230 and the first portion 211a1 of the vibration generator 230 arranged in a lower layer may be aligned with or located on the imaginary extension line (VL). For example, the first portion 211a1 of the vibration generator 210 arranged in an upper layer among the three or more vibration generators 210, 230 and the first portion 211a1 of the vibration generator 230 arranged in a lower layer may be precisely aligned with or located on the imaginary extension line (VL). Furthermore, the second portion 211a2 of the vibration generator 210 arranged in an upper layer of the three or more vibration generators 210, 230 and the second portion 211a2 of the vibration generator 230 arranged in a lower layer can substantially overlap or be superimposed on each other without any misalignment. For example, the second portion 211a2 of the vibration generator 210 arranged in an upper layer of the three or more vibration generators 210, 230 and the second portion 211a2 of the vibration generator 230 arranged in a lower layer can substantially overlap or be superimposed on each other without any misalignment within the tolerance range of the manufacturing process.For example, the second portion 211a2 of the vibration generator 210 arranged in an upper layer among the three or more vibration generators 210, 230 and the second portion 211a2 of the vibration generator 230 arranged in a lower layer can be aligned with or located on the imaginary extension line (VL). For example, the second portion 211a2 of the vibration generator 210 arranged in an upper layer among the three or more vibration generators 210, 230 and the second portion 211a2 of the vibration generator 230 arranged in a lower layer can be exactly aligned with or located on the imaginary extension line (VL).

[0212] Figure 13 is a diagram showing a vibration device according to another embodiment of the present specification, which is a modification of the vibration unit described in Figures 10 to 12. Therefore, in the following description, redundant explanations of the remaining components excluding the vibration unit will be omitted or simplified.

[0213] 13, in a vibration device 200 according to another embodiment of the present specification, a vibration part 211a of a vibration structure 211 included in each of first and second vibration generators 210 and 230 may include a plurality of first portions 211a1 and second portions 211a2 arranged between the plurality of first portions 211a1. The plurality of first portions 211a1 may be arranged spaced apart from each other along a first direction (X) and a second direction (Y).

[0214] The plurality of first portions 211a1 may be arranged to be spaced apart from one another along the first direction (X) and the second direction (Y). For example, the plurality of first portions 211a1 may have hexahedral shapes of the same size and be arranged in a lattice pattern. Each of the plurality of first portions 211a1 is made of substantially the same material as the vibrating part 211a described in FIGS. 3 and 4 and the first portion 211a1 described in FIGS. 10 to 12, and therefore the same reference numerals are used therefor, and redundant description thereof will be omitted.

[0215] The second portion 211a2 may be disposed between the plurality of first portions 211a1 along each of the first direction (X) and the second direction (Y). The second portion 211a2 may be connected to or bonded to the adjacent first portions 211a1 by filling the gap between two adjacent first portions 211a1 or by surrounding each of the plurality of first portions 211a1. According to the present specification, the width of the second portion 211a2 disposed between two adjacent first portions 211a1 along the first direction (X) may be the same as or different from the width of the first portions 211a1. The width of the second portion 211a2 disposed between two adjacent first portions 211a1 along the second direction (Y) may be the same as or different from the width of the first portions 211a1. The second portion 211a2 is made of substantially the same material as the second portion 211a2 described with reference to FIGS. 10 to 12, and therefore is given the same reference numeral and will not be described again.

[0216] 13 and the related description, a vibration device 200 according to another embodiment of the present specification has been described as including first and second vibration generators 210, 230, but is not limited to this. For example, a vibration device 200 according to another embodiment of the present specification may include multiple (e.g., three or more) vibration generators 210, 230. In this case, the multiple vibration generators 210, 230 may be overlapped while having the same size to maximize or increase the displacement or amplitude displacement of the vibration device 200. According to the present specification, the first portion 211a1 of the vibration generator 210 arranged in the upper layer of the three or more vibration generators 210, 230 and the first portion 211a1 of the vibration generator 230 arranged in the lower layer may overlap or be superimposed on each other without any misalignment. For example, the first portion 211a1 of the vibration generator 210 arranged in an upper layer of the three or more vibration generators 210, 230 and the first portion 211a1 of the vibration generator 230 arranged in a lower layer can substantially overlap or be superimposed on each other without any misalignment within the tolerance range of the manufacturing process. The second portion 211a2 of the vibration generator 210 arranged in an upper layer of the three or more vibration generators 210, 230 and the second portion 211a2 of the vibration generator 230 arranged in a lower layer can substantially overlap or be superimposed on each other without any misalignment. For example, the second portion 211a2 of the vibration generator 210 arranged in an upper layer of the three or more vibration generators 210, 230 and the second portion 211a2 of the vibration generator 230 arranged in a lower layer can substantially overlap or be superimposed on each other without any misalignment within the tolerance range of the manufacturing process.

[0217] Therefore, the vibration part 211a of each of the first vibration generator 210 and the second vibration generator 230 according to the present specification can have a resonant frequency of 30 MHz or less by including a 1-3 composite structure, but is not limited to this. For example, the resonant frequency of the vibration part 211a can be changed by at least one of the shape, length, and thickness.

[0218] Fig. 14 is a diagram showing a vibration device according to another embodiment of the present specification. Fig. 14 shows a modified version of the vibration unit described in Figs. 10 to 12. Therefore, in the following description, redundant descriptions of the remaining components excluding the vibration unit will be omitted or simplified.

[0219] Referring to FIG. 14, in a vibration device 200 according to another embodiment of the present specification, the vibration part 211a of the vibration structure 211 included in each of the first and second vibration generators 210, 230 may include a plurality of first portions 211a1 spaced apart from each other along the first direction (X) and the second direction (Y), and a second portion 211a2 arranged between the plurality of first portions 211a1.

[0220] Each of the plurality of first portions 211a1 according to the embodiments of the present specification may have a circular planar structure. For example, each of the plurality of first portions 211a1 may have a disk shape, but is not limited to this. For example, each of the plurality of first portions 211a1 may have a dot shape, including an oval shape, a polygonal shape, or a doughnut shape. Each of the plurality of first portions 211a1 may be made of substantially the same piezoelectric material as the first portion 211a1 described with reference to FIGS. 10 to 12, and therefore, a redundant description thereof will be omitted.

[0221] The second portions 211a2 may be disposed between the first portions 211a1 along each of the first direction (X) and the second direction (Y). The second portions 211a2 may be configured to surround each of the first portions 211a1, and thereby connected or bonded to the side surfaces of each of the first portions 211a1. The first portions 211a1 and the second portions 211a2 may be disposed (or arranged) side by side on the same plane (or the same layer). Each of the second portions 211a2 may be made of substantially the same organic material as the second portions 211a2 described with reference to FIGS. 10 to 12, and therefore, a redundant description thereof will be omitted.

[0222] In each of the vibration units 211a of the first and second vibration generators 210 and 230 according to other embodiments of the present specification, each of the plurality of first portions 211a1 may have a triangular planar structure instead of a circular planar structure. For example, each of the plurality of first portions 211a1 may have a triangular plate shape.

[0223] According to an embodiment of the present specification, four adjacent first portions 211a1 among the plurality of first portions 211a1 may be arranged adjacent to each other to form a quadrangle (or a square shape). Each vertex of the four adjacent first portions 211a1 forming the quadrangle may be arranged adjacent to the center (or exact center) of the quadrangle.

[0224] According to another example in this specification, six adjacent first portions 211a1 among the plurality of first portions 211a1 may be arranged adjacent to each other to form a hexagonal shape (or a regular hexagonal shape). Each vertex of the six adjacent first portions 211a1 forming the hexagonal shape may be arranged adjacent to a center (or a regular center) of the hexagonal shape.

[0225] 14 and the related description, the vibration device 200 according to another embodiment of the present specification has been described as including the first and second vibration generators 210, 230, but is not limited thereto. For example, the vibration device 200 according to another embodiment of the present specification may include multiple (e.g., three or more) vibration generators 210, 230. In this case, the multiple vibration generators 210, 230 may be overlapped while having the same size to maximize or increase the displacement or amplitude displacement of the vibration device 200. According to the present specification, the first portion 211a1 of the vibration generator 210 arranged on the upper floor (or upper floor) of the three or more vibration generators 210, 230 and the first portion 211a1 of the vibration generator 230 arranged on the lower floor (or lower floor) may substantially overlap or be superimposed on each other without any misalignment. For example, the first portion 211a1 of the vibration generator 210 arranged in an upper layer of the three or more vibration generators 210, 230 and the first portion 211a1 of the vibration generator 230 arranged in a lower layer can substantially overlap or be superimposed on each other without any misalignment within the tolerance range of the manufacturing process. The second portion 211a2 of the vibration generator 210 arranged in an upper layer of the three or more vibration generators 210, 230 and the second portion 211a2 of the vibration generator 230 arranged in a lower layer can substantially overlap or be superimposed on each other without any misalignment. For example, the second portion 211a2 of the vibration generator 210 arranged in an upper layer of the three or more vibration generators 210, 230 and the second portion 211a2 of the vibration generator 230 arranged in a lower layer can substantially overlap or be superimposed on each other without any misalignment within the tolerance range of the manufacturing process.

[0226] Therefore, the vibration part 211a of each of the first vibration generator 210 and the second vibration generator 230 according to other embodiments of the present specification can be realized as a nearly circular vibration source (or vibrating body) while having a 1-3 composite structure, which can improve vibration characteristics or acoustic output characteristics and can have a resonance frequency of 30 MHz or less. Without being limited thereto, for example, the resonance frequency of the vibration part 211a can be changed by at least one of the shape, length, and thickness.

[0227] FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a vibration device according to another embodiment of the present specification, and FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along line V-V' shown in FIG. 15, which is a modified version of the vibration generator described in FIGS. 2 to 14.

[0228] 15 and 16, in a vibration device 200 according to another embodiment of the present specification, each of the first vibration generator 210 and the second vibration generator 230 can include at least one vibration generating unit 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D, or a plurality of vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D. While FIGS. 15 and 16 show an example in which four vibration generating units are included, each of the first vibration generator 210 and the second vibration generator 230 according to an embodiment of the present specification can be configured with two or more vibration generating units, and is not limited to the embodiment of the present specification.

[0229] The vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D may be arranged electrically separated from one another along the first direction (X) and the second direction (Y).

[0230] Each of the multiple vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D can vibrate by alternately or repeatedly contracting and expanding due to the piezoelectric effect. For example, each of the multiple vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D can be arranged at regular intervals or tiled along each of the first direction (X) and the second direction (Y). As a result, each of the multiple vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D can be expressed as a vibration array, a vibration array unit, a vibration generating array unit, a vibration array structure, a tiling vibration array, a tiling array module, or a tiling vibration film, but is not limited to these terms.

[0231] Each of the vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D according to the embodiments of the present specification may have a rectangular shape. For example, each of the vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D may have a rectangular shape with a width of 5 cm or more. For example, each of the vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D may have a square shape with a size of 5 cm x 5 cm or more, but is not limited thereto.

[0232] Each of the vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D may be arranged at regular intervals or tiled to form a single vibration device (or a single vibration device) that operates as a single, integral unit rather than independently. According to an embodiment of the present specification, a first separation distance (D1) between the vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D in the first direction (X) may be, but is not limited to, 0.1 mm to 3 cm. Furthermore, a second separation distance (D2) between the vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D in the second direction (Y) may be, but is not limited to, 0.1 mm to 3 cm. For example, the first separation distance (D1) and the second separation distance (D2) may be the same. For example, the first separation distance (D1) and the second separation distance (D2) may be the same within a process tolerance.

[0233] According to an embodiment of the present specification, the multiple vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D can be arranged or tiled to have a separation distance (or interval) (D1, D2) of 0.1 mm to 3 cm, so that they can be driven as a single vibration device, and the reproduction band and sound pressure characteristics of the sound generated in conjunction with the single-body vibration of the multiple vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D can be increased. For example, in order to increase the reproduction band of the sound generated in conjunction with the single-body vibration of the multiple vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D and to increase the sound pressure characteristics of low-frequency sound, for example, at frequencies below 500 Hz, the multiple vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D can be arranged at intervals of 0.1 mm to 5 mm.

[0234] According to the embodiments of the present specification, when multiple vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D are arranged with a spacing (D1, D2) of less than 0.1 mm or no spacing (D1, D2) at all, the reliability of each of the vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D, or the first vibration generator 210 and the second vibration generator 230, may be reduced due to cracks or damage caused by physical contact between each other when each of the vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D vibrates.

[0235] According to the embodiments of the present specification, when multiple vibration generators 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D are arranged at intervals (D1, D2) of 3 cm or more, the multiple vibration generators 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D may not operate as a single (or single) vibration device due to their independent vibrations. This may result in a reduction in the reproduction frequency band and sound pressure characteristics of the sound generated in conjunction with the vibrations of the multiple vibration generators 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D. For example, when multiple vibration generators 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D are arranged at intervals (D1, D2) of 3 cm or more, the acoustic characteristics and sound pressure characteristics in the low-frequency band, for example, below 500 Hz, may be reduced.

[0236] According to the examples of the present specification, when multiple vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D are arranged at intervals of 5 mm, each of the multiple vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D does not operate as a single vibration device, and therefore the acoustic characteristics and sound pressure characteristics may be reduced in the low frequency range, for example, below 200 Hz.

[0237] According to another example of the present specification, when the vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D are arranged at intervals of 1 mm, the vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D vibrate as a single vibration device, thereby expanding the sound reproduction band and increasing the sound pressure characteristics of low-frequency sounds, for example, at frequencies below 500 Hz. For example, when the vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D are arranged at intervals of 1 mm, each of the first vibration generator 210 and the second vibration generator 230 can be realized as a large-area vibrating body by optimizing the separation distance between the vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D. As a result, the vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D can be driven as a large-area vibrating body through single-body vibration. This allows the acoustic characteristics and sound pressure characteristics of the reproduction band and low frequency band of the sound generated in conjunction with the large-area vibrations of each of the first vibration generator 210 and the second vibration generator 230 to be increased or improved.

[0238] Therefore, in order to realize single-body vibration of the plurality of vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D (or one vibration device), the separation distance between the plurality of vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D may be configured to be 0.1 mm to 3 cm. Also, in order to realize single-body vibration of the plurality of vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D (or one vibration device) and increase the sound pressure characteristics of low-frequency sound, the separation distance between the plurality of vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D may be configured to be 0.1 mm or more and 5 mm or less.

[0239] Each of the first vibration generator 210 and the second vibration generator 230 according to the embodiments of the present specification may include first to fourth vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D that are electrically separated and spaced apart from one another along the first direction (X) and the second direction (Y). For example, the first to fourth vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D may be arranged or tiled in a 2x2 pattern.

[0240] According to an embodiment of the present specification, the first and second vibration generating units 200A and 200B may be spaced apart from each other along the first direction (X). The third and fourth vibration generating units 200C and 200D may be spaced apart from each other along the first direction (X) and from the first and second vibration generating units 200A and 200B along the second direction (Y). The first and third vibration generating units 200A and 200C may face each other and be spaced apart from each other along the second direction (Y). The second and fourth vibration generating units 200B and 200D may face each other and be spaced apart from each other along the second direction (Y).

[0241] Each of the first to fourth vibration generating sections 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D according to the embodiments of the present specification can include a vibration section 211a, a first electrode section 211b, and a second electrode section 211c.

[0242] The vibrating part 211a may be made of a ceramic-based material capable of achieving relatively high vibration. For example, the vibrating part 211a may have a 1-3 composite structure having piezoelectric characteristics in a 1-3 vibration mode, or a 2-2 composite structure having piezoelectric characteristics in a 2-2 vibration mode. For example, the vibrating part 211a may include a piezoelectric ceramic similar to the vibrating part 211a described in FIG. 3, or may include a first portion 211a1 and a second portion 211a2 similar to the vibrating part 211a described in any of FIGS. 10 to 14. Therefore, the same reference numerals are used to denote these portions, and redundant description thereof will be omitted.

[0243] According to an embodiment of the present specification, the vibrating portion 211a is made of a transparent, semi-transparent, or opaque piezoelectric material, and may be transparent, semi-transparent, or opaque.

[0244] The first electrode portion 211b is disposed on the first surface of the vibrating portion 211a and may be electrically connected to the first surface of the vibrating portion 211a. This is the same as the first electrode portion 211b described in any one of Figures 2 to 14, so it is given the same reference numeral and a duplicated description thereof will be omitted.

[0245] The second electrode portion 211c is disposed on the second surface of the vibrating portion 211a and may be electrically connected to the second surface of the vibrating portion 211a. This is the same as the second electrode portion 211c described in any one of Figures 2 to 14, so it is given the same reference numeral and a duplicated description thereof will be omitted.

[0246] According to other embodiments of the present disclosure, the first vibration generator 210 and the second vibration generator 230 may further include a first protective member 1213 and a second protective member 1215, respectively.

[0247] The first protective member 1213 may be disposed on the first surface of each of the first vibration generator 210 and the second vibration generator 230. For example, the first protective member 1213 may cover the first electrode unit 211b disposed on the first surface of each of the plurality of vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D. As a result, the first protective member 1213 may be commonly connected to the first surface of each of the plurality of vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D, or may commonly support the first surfaces of each of the plurality of vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D. As a result, the first protective member 1213 may protect the first surface or the first electrode unit 211b of each of the plurality of vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D.

[0248] The first protective member 1213 according to the embodiment of the present specification may be disposed on the first surface of each of the plurality of vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D via the first adhesive layer 1212. For example, the first protective member 1213 may be disposed on the first surface of each of the plurality of vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D via the first adhesive layer 1212 by a film lamination process. For example, the first protective member 1213 may be disposed directly on the first surface of each of the plurality of vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D via the first adhesive layer 1212 by a film lamination process. Therefore, each of the plurality of vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D may be integrated with (or disposed on) or tiled with the first protective member 1213 so as to have a certain interval (D1, D2).

[0249] The second protective member 1215 may be disposed on the second surface of each of the first vibration generator 210 and the second vibration generator 230. For example, the second protective member 1215 may cover the second electrode portion 211c disposed on the second surface of each of the plurality of vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D. As a result, the second protective member 1215 may be commonly connected to the second surface of each of the plurality of vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D, or may commonly support the second surfaces of each of the plurality of vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D. As a result, the second protective member 1215 may protect the second surface or the second electrode portion 211c of each of the plurality of vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D.

[0250] The second protective member 1215 according to the embodiment of the present specification may be disposed on the second surface of each of the plurality of vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D via the second adhesive layer 1214. For example, the second protective member 1215 may be disposed on the second surface of each of the plurality of vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D via the second adhesive layer 1214 by a film lamination process. For example, the second protective member 1215 may be disposed directly on the second surface of each of the plurality of vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D via the second adhesive layer 1214 by a film lamination process. Therefore, each of the plurality of vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D may be integrated with (or disposed on) or tiled to the second protective member 1215 so as to have a certain interval (D1, D2).

[0251] Each of the first and second protective members 1213 and 1215 according to the embodiments of the present specification may be made of, but is not limited to, a plastic material, a fiber material, or a wood material. At least one of the first protective member 1213 and the second protective member 1215 may be attached or coupled to the display panel 100 via a connecting member (or a second connecting member).

[0252] The first adhesive layer 1212 may be disposed on the first surfaces of the plurality of vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D and between the plurality of vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D. For example, the first adhesive layer 1212 may be disposed on the back surface (or inner surface) of the first protective member 1213 that faces the first surfaces of the first vibration generator 210 and the second vibration generator 230. For example, the first adhesive layer 1212 may be disposed on the first surfaces of the plurality of vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D and filled between the plurality of vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D.

[0253] The second adhesive layer 1214 may be disposed on the second surfaces of each of the plurality of vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D and between the plurality of vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D. For example, the second adhesive layer 1214 may be disposed on the front surface (or inner surface) of the second protective member 1215 that faces the second surfaces of the first vibration generator 210 and the second vibration generator 230. For example, the second adhesive layer 1214 may be disposed on the second surfaces of each of the plurality of vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D and filled between the plurality of vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D.

[0254] The first and second adhesive layers 1212 and 1214 may interconnect or bond the multiple vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D. As a result, each of the multiple vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D may be surrounded by the first and second adhesive layers 1212 and 1214. For example, the first and second adhesive layers 1212 and 1214 may completely surround the entire multiple vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D. For example, the first and second adhesive layers 1212 and 1214 may be expressed as, but are not limited to, cover members. When the first and second adhesive layers 1212 and 1214 are cover members, the first protective member 1213 may be disposed on a first surface of the cover member, and the second protective member 1215 may be disposed on a second surface of the cover member.

[0255] According to embodiments of the present specification, each of the first and second adhesive layers 1212, 1214 may include an electrically insulating material that is compressible and resilient while maintaining adhesive properties. For example, each of the first and second adhesive layers 1212, 1214 may include, but is not limited to, epoxy resin, acrylic resin, silicone resin, or urethane resin. For example, each of the first and second adhesive layers 1212, 1214 may be transparent, translucent, or opaque.

[0256] Each of the first vibration generator 210 and the second vibration generator 230 according to other embodiments of the present specification may further include a first power supply line (PL1) arranged in the first protective member 1213, a second power supply line (PL2) arranged in the second protective member 1215, and a pad part 1217 electrically connected to the first power supply line (PL1) and the second power supply line (PL2).

[0257] The first power supply line (PL1) may be disposed on a rear surface of the first protective member 1213 facing the first surfaces of the first vibration generator 210 and the second vibration generator 230. The first power supply line (PL1) may be electrically connected to the first electrode unit 211b of each of the vibration generators 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D. For example, the first power supply line (PL1) may be directly electrically connected to the first electrode unit 211b of each of the vibration generators 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D. In one embodiment, the first power supply line (PL1) may be electrically connected to the first electrode unit 211b of each of the vibration generators 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D via an anisotropic conductive film. In another embodiment, the first power supply line (PL1) may be electrically connected to each of the first electrode portions 211b of the plurality of vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D via a conductive material (or particles) contained in the first adhesive layer 1212.

[0258] The first power supply line (PL1) according to the embodiment of the present specification may include the first-1 and first-2 power lines (PL11, PL12) arranged along the second direction (Y). For example, the first-1 power line (PL11) may be electrically connected to the first electrode units 211b of the first and third vibration generators 200A and 200C (or a first group or a first array group) among the plurality of vibration generators 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D. For example, the first and third vibration generators 200A and 200C may be arranged in a first row parallel to the second direction (Y) among the plurality of vibration generators 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D. The first-second power supply line (PL12) may be electrically connected to the first electrode units 211b of the second and fourth vibration generating units 200B and 200D (or the second group or the second array group) among the plurality of vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D. For example, the second and fourth vibration generating units 200B and 200D may be arranged in a second row parallel to the second direction (Y) among the plurality of vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D.

[0259] The second power supply line (PL2) may be disposed on a first surface of the second protective member 1215 facing the second surfaces of the first vibration generator 210 and the second vibration generator 230. For example, the first surface of the second protective member 1215 may be the bottom surface of the second protective member 1215. The second power supply line (PL2) may be electrically connected to the second electrode unit 211c of each of the vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D. For example, the second power supply line (PL2) may be directly electrically connected to the second electrode unit 211c of each of the vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D. In one embodiment, the second power supply line (PL2) may be electrically connected to the second electrode unit 211c of each of the vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D via an anisotropic conductive film. In another embodiment, the second power supply line (PL2) may be electrically connected to each of the second electrode portions 211c of the plurality of vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D via a conductive material (or particles) contained in the second adhesive layer 1214.

[0260] The second power supply line (PL2) according to the embodiment of the present specification may include 2-1 and 2-2 power lines (PL21, PL22) arranged along the second direction (Y). For example, the 2-1 power line (PL21) may be electrically connected to the second electrode units 211c of the first and third vibration generators 200A and 200C (or a first group or a first array group) among the plurality of vibration generators 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D. For example, the first and third vibration generators 200A and 200C may be arranged in a first row parallel to the second direction (Y) among the plurality of vibration generators 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D. The 2-2 power supply line (PL22) may be electrically connected to the second electrode units 211c of the second and fourth vibration generating units 200B and 200D (or the second group or the second array group) among the plurality of vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D. For example, the second and fourth vibration generating units 200B and 200D may be arranged in a second row parallel to the second direction (Y) among the plurality of vibration generating units 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D.

[0261] The pad unit 1217 may be disposed on each of the first vibration generator 210 and the second vibration generator 230 so as to be electrically connected to one side (or one end) of at least one of the first power supply line (PL1) and the second power supply line (PL2). The pad unit 1217 according to the embodiment of the present specification may include a first pad electrode electrically connected to one side of the first power supply line (PL1) and a second pad electrode electrically connected to one side of the second power supply line (PL2).

[0262] The first pad electrode may be commonly connected to one side of each of the first-1 and first-2 power supply lines (PL11, PL12) of the first power supply line (PL1). For example, one side (or one end) of each of the first-1 and first-2 power supply lines (PL11, PL12) may branch off from the first pad electrode.

[0263] The second pad electrode may be commonly connected to one side of each of the 2-1 and 2-2 power supply lines (PL21, PL22) of the second power supply line (PL2). For example, one side (or one end) of each of the 2-1 and 2-2 power supply lines (PL21, PL22) may branch off from the second pad electrode.

[0264] According to an embodiment of the present specification, each of the first power supply line (PL1), the second power supply line (PL2), and the pad portion 1217 may be made of a transparent conductive material, a semi-transparent conductive material, or an opaque conductive material so as to be transparent, semi-transparent, or opaque.

[0265] Each of the first vibration generator 210 and the second vibration generator 230 according to other embodiments of the present specification may further include a flexible cable 1219 .

[0266] The flexible cable 1219 is electrically connected to the pad unit 1217 arranged on each of the first vibration generator 210 and the second vibration generator 230, and can supply a vibration drive signal provided from a vibration drive circuit to each of the first vibration generator 210 and the second vibration generator 230. The flexible cable 1219 according to the embodiment of the present specification may include a first terminal electrically connected to a first pad electrode of the pad unit 1217 and a second terminal electrically connected to a second pad electrode of the pad unit 1217. For example, the flexible cable 1219 may be, but is not limited to, a flexible printed circuit cable or a flexible flat cable.

[0267] Therefore, the vibration device 200 according to another embodiment of the present specification includes a plurality of vibration generators 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D, each of which is realized as a single vibrating body, rather than being driven independently of the first vibration generator 210 and the second vibration generator 230. This allows the plurality of vibration generators 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D to be driven as a large-area vibrating body through single-body vibration. For example, the plurality of vibration generators 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D may be arranged (or tiled) at regular intervals (D1, D2) as a single vibrating body. This allows the vibration device 200 to vibrate a large area of ​​the display panel or to vibrate a large area independently, thereby increasing or improving the acoustic characteristics and sound pressure characteristics in the reproduction band and the bass band of the sound output from the display panel.

[0268] Figure 17 shows a device according to another embodiment of the present specification, which is another cross-sectional view taken along line II' shown in Figure 1. The device shown in Figure 17 is configured by adding a plate to the devices shown in Figures 2 to 16.

[0269] 17 , a device according to another embodiment of the present specification may include a display panel 100 that displays an image and a vibration device 200 that vibrates the display panel 100 at the rear (or back surface) of the display panel 100. The device according to another embodiment of the present specification may further include a plate 170 disposed between the display panel 100 and the vibration device 200.

[0270] The display panel 100 and the vibration device 200 are substantially the same as the display panel 100 and the vibration device 200 described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 16, respectively, and therefore, redundant description thereof will be omitted or simplified.

[0271] The plate 170 may have the same shape and size as the rear surface of the display panel 100, or may have the same shape and size as the vibration device 200. As another example, the plate 170 may have a different size from the display panel 100. For example, the plate 170 may be smaller than the display panel 100. As another example, the plate 170 may have a different size from the vibration device 200. For example, the plate 170 may be larger or smaller than the vibration device 200. The vibration device 200 may be the same size as or smaller than the display panel 100.

[0272] The plate 170 according to the present specification may be made of metal, for example, but is not limited to, any one or more of stainless steel, aluminum (Al), magnesium (Mg), magnesium (Mg) alloy, magnesium-lithium (Mg-Li) alloy, and aluminum (Al) alloy.

[0273] The plate 170 according to the present specification may include a plurality of openings. The plurality of openings may be configured to have a certain size and a certain interval. For example, the plurality of openings may be formed along the first direction (X) and the second direction (Y) to have a certain size and a certain interval. Each of the plurality of openings may prevent sound waves (or sound pressure) generated by the vibration of the vibrating device 200 from being dispersed by the plate 170 and concentrate them on the display panel 100, thereby minimizing vibration loss by the plate 170 and increasing the sound pressure characteristics of the sound generated by the vibration of the display panel 100. For example, the plate 170 including the plurality of openings may have a mesh shape. For example, the plate 170 including the plurality of openings may be a mesh plate.

[0274] According to the present specification, the plate 170 may be connected or coupled to the rear surface of the display panel 100. The plate 170 may dissipate heat generated from the display panel 100. For example, the plate 170 may be expressed as a heat dissipation member, a heat dissipation plate, a heat sink, or the like, and is not limited to these terms.

[0275] According to the present specification, the plate 170 can reinforce the mass of the vibration device 200 disposed or suspended behind the display panel 100. As a result, the plate 170 can reduce the resonant frequency of the vibration device 200 due to an increase in the mass of the vibration device 200. Therefore, the plate 170 can increase the acoustic characteristics of the mid-low frequency range and the sound pressure characteristics of the mid-low frequency range, which are generated in conjunction with the vibration of the vibration device 200, and improve the flatness of the sound pressure characteristics. Here, the flatness of the acoustic characteristics can be the magnitude of the deviation between the maximum and minimum sound pressures. For example, the plate 170 can be expressed as a weight member, a mass member, an acoustic flattening member, or the like, but is not limited to these terms.

[0276] According to this specification, the displacement amount (or bending force) and amplitude displacement (or vibration width) of the display panel 100 on which the plate 170 is disposed may decrease as the thickness of the plate 170 increases due to the rigidity of the plate 170. This may reduce the mid-low frequency band characteristics and sound pressure characteristics of the sound generated by the displacement (or vibration) of the display panel 100.

[0277] According to the present specification, the displacement amount of the display panel 100 may be affected not only by the thickness of the plate 170 but also by the contact area between the vibration device 200 and the plate 170. For example, as shown in FIG. 18, depending on the thickness of the plate 170, when the same force is applied, the displacement amount of the display panel 100 may increase as the contact area between the vibration device 200 and the plate 170 and the attachment area of ​​the vibration device 200 become smaller. For example, when the thickness of the plate 170 is 0.25 mm, the amplitude displacement (or displacement amount) of the display panel 100 caused by the displacement of the vibration device 200 having a first magnitude (thick solid line in FIG. 18) may be greater than the displacement amount of the display panel 100 caused by the displacement of the vibration device 200 having a second magnitude (dotted line in FIG. 18) that is greater than the first magnitude. Thus, the vibration device 200 according to the present specification has a first magnitude and includes multiple vibration generators 210, 230 that overlap each other, thereby minimizing the reduction in the displacement amount of the display panel 100 caused by the thickness of the plate 170. Furthermore, the vibration device 200 according to the present specification has a first size and includes multiple vibration generators 210 and 230 stacked on top of each other, thereby increasing or maximizing the displacement of the display panel 100 and thereby increasing or improving the mid-to-low frequency range characteristics and sound pressure characteristics of the sound generated by the displacement of the display panel 100. Therefore, in another embodiment of the present specification, the vibration device 200 has a stacked structure of the vibration generators 210 and 230 stacked on top of each other, thereby increasing or maximizing the displacement of the display panel 100 on which the plate 170 is disposed. The plate 170 may have a thickness that allows for smooth heat dissipation from the display panel 100. For example, the plate 170 may have a thickness of 0.1 mm to 0.75 mm, but is not limited thereto.

[0278] The plate 170 according to the present specification may be coupled or connected to the rear surface of the display panel 100 via a plate coupling member (or a fourth coupling member) 190 .

[0279] The plate bonding member 190 according to the present specification may include an adhesive layer having excellent adhesion or adhesion to each of the rear surface of the display panel 100 and the vibrating device 200. For example, the plate bonding member 190 may include a foam pad, double-sided tape, or adhesive. For example, the adhesive layer of the plate bonding member 190 may include, but is not limited to, epoxy, acrylic, silicone, or urethane. For example, the adhesive layer of the plate bonding member 190 may be the same as the adhesive layer of the connecting member 150, but is not limited thereto. For example, the adhesive layer of the plate bonding member 190 may include an acrylic-based material (or material) that has relatively excellent adhesion and high hardness among acrylic and urethane so that vibrations of the vibrating device 200 can be efficiently transmitted to the display panel 100. As another example, the adhesive layer of the plate bonding member 190 may be configured differently from the adhesive layer of the connecting member 150.

[0280] The vibration device 200 can be supported or hung on the rear surface of the plate 170 by being connected or coupled to the rear surface of the plate 170 via the connecting member 150 described above.

[0281] The plate 170 according to the embodiments of the present specification may be connected or coupled to the front surface of the vibration device 200 via the connecting member 150 described above. For example, the plate 170 may be connected or coupled to the uppermost vibration generator of the multiple vibration generators 210, 230 of the vibration device 200 via the connecting member 150. For example, when the vibration device 200 has first and second vibration generators 210, 230, the plate 170 may be connected or coupled to a first surface of the second vibration generator 230 or a second surface of the first vibration generator 210 via the connecting member 150. The plate 170 according to the present specification may be integrated into the vibration device 200 or may be included in the configuration of the vibration device 200. For example, the plate 170 and the vibration device 200 may be configured as a single structure or a single component (or module) comprising a single housing. As a result, when the plate 170 is placed between the rear surface of the display panel 100 and the vibration device 200, the assembly process between the display panel 100 and the vibration device 200 can be facilitated due to the component unification (or modularization) between the plate 170 and the vibration device 200.

[0282] When the plate 170 and vibration device 200 according to the present specification are configured as a single structure or a single component (or module) including a single housing, a vibration object can be used as the vibration plate, and acoustic and / or haptic (or tactile or touch) feedback can be achieved by the vibration of the vibration object. For example, the vibration object can be one or more of a non-display panel, wood, plastic, glass, fabric, an automobile interior material, an automobile glass window, a building interior ceiling, a building glass window, a building interior material, an aircraft interior material, and an aircraft glass window, etc., but is not limited thereto. For example, the non-display panel can be, but is not limited to, a light-emitting diode lighting panel (or device), an organic light-emitting lighting panel (or device), or an inorganic light-emitting lighting panel (or device).

[0283] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, plate 170 and vibration device 200 may be disposed on a non-display panel. The modules (or structures) of plate 170 and vibration device 200 may be coupled or connected via coupling member 150. This allows plate 170 and vibration device 200 modules (or structures) to vibrate the non-display panel to generate acoustic and / or haptic feedback.

[0284] According to another example of the present specification, when the plate 170 and the vibration device 200 are configured as a single structure or a single component (or module) including a single housing, the plate 170 can be used as a vibration target (or diaphragm) to achieve acoustic and / or haptic feedback through the vibration of the plate 170. For example, in the structure (or structure) of the plate 170 and the vibration device 200, the plate 170 may be made of any one or more metallic materials including, but not limited to, stainless steel, aluminum (Al), magnesium (Mg), magnesium (Mg) alloy, magnesium-lithium (Mg-Li) alloy, and aluminum (Al) alloy. For example, in the structure (or structure) of the plate 170 and the vibration device 200, the plate 170 may be made of any one or more single or composite non-metallic materials including, but not limited to, wood, plastic, glass, cloth, and leather.

[0285] 2 to 16, the device according to the other embodiment of the present specification can increase or improve the mid-low frequency band characteristics and sound pressure characteristics of the sound generated by the displacement of the display panel 100 by the stacked structure of the vibration generators 210 and 230. Also, the device according to the other embodiment of the present specification can decrease the resonance frequency of the vibration device 200 by the plate 170, and can dissipate heat from the display panel 100.

[0286] Fig. 19 is a diagram showing a device according to another embodiment of the present specification. Fig. 20 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VI-VI' in Fig. 19, which shows a modified vibration device in the device shown in Figs. 2 to 16. Therefore, in the following, redundant explanations of the remaining components, excluding the vibration device and its related components, will be omitted or simplified.

[0287] 19 and 20, in a device according to another embodiment of the present specification, the rear surface (or back surface) of the display panel 100 may include a first region (or first rear region) (A1) and a second region (or second rear region) (A2). For example, on the rear surface of the display panel 100, the first region (A1) may be the left rear region, and the second region (A2) may be the right rear region. The first and second regions (A1, A2) may be symmetrical about a midline (CL) of the display panel 100 in the first direction (X), but are not limited thereto. For example, each of the first and second regions (A1, A2) may overlap with the display region of the display panel.

[0288] The vibration device 200 according to the embodiment of the present specification may include a first vibration device 200-1 and a second vibration device 200-2 disposed on the rear surface of the display panel 100.

[0289] The first vibrating device 200-1 may be disposed in a first region (A1) of the display panel 100. For example, the first vibrating device 200-1 may be disposed so as to be biased toward a center or an edge portion of the first region (A1) of the display panel 100 based on the first direction (X). The first vibrating device 200-1 according to the embodiment of the present specification may vibrate the first region (A1) of the display panel 100 to generate a first vibration sound (PVS1) or a first haptic feedback in the first region (A1) of the display panel 100. For example, the first vibrating device 200-1 according to the embodiment of the present specification may directly vibrate the first region (A1) of the display panel 100 to generate a first vibration sound (PVS1) or a first haptic feedback in the first region (A1) of the display panel 100. For example, the first vibration sound (PVS1) may be a left-side sound. The size of the first vibrating device 200-1 according to the embodiments of the present specification may be less than or more than half the size of the first area (A1) depending on the characteristics of the first vibrating sound (PVS1) or the acoustic characteristics required of the device. In another embodiment, the size of the first vibrating device 200-1 may correspond to the first area (A1) of the display panel 100. For example, the size of the first vibrating device 200-1 may be the same as or smaller than the first area (A1) of the display panel 100.

[0290] The second vibrating device 200-2 may be disposed in the second region (A2) of the display panel 100. For example, the second vibrating device 200-2 may be disposed so as to be biased toward the center or edge of the second region (A2) of the display panel 100 based on the first direction (X). The second vibrating device 200-2 according to the embodiment of the present specification may vibrate the second region (A2) of the display panel 100 to generate a second vibratory sound (PVS2) or a second haptic feedback in the second region (A2) of the display panel 100. For example, the second vibrating device 200-2 according to the embodiment of the present specification may directly vibrate the second region (A2) of the display panel 100 to generate a second vibratory sound (PVS2) or a second haptic feedback in the second region (A2) of the display panel 100. For example, the second vibratory sound (PVS2) may be a right-side sound. The size of the second vibration device 200-2 according to the embodiments of the present specification may be less than or more than half the size of the second area (A2) depending on the characteristics of the second vibrating sound (PVS2) or the acoustic characteristics desired for the device. In another embodiment, the size of the second vibration device 200-2 may correspond to the size of the second area (A2) of the display panel 100. For example, the size of the second vibration device 200-2 may be the same as or smaller than the second area (A2) of the display panel 100. Therefore, the first and second vibration devices 200-1 and 210-2 may have the same or different sizes depending on the acoustic characteristics of the left and right sides of the device and / or the acoustic characteristics of the device. The first and second vibration devices 200-1 and 210-2 may be arranged in a symmetrical or asymmetrical structure with respect to the midline (CL) of the display panel 100.

[0291] Each of the first vibrating device 200-1 and the second vibrating device 200-2 includes one or more of the vibrating devices 200 described in Figures 3, 4, 7, 8, and 10 to 14, so redundant description thereof will be omitted.

[0292] The connection member 150 according to the embodiments of the present specification may be disposed between each of the first and second vibrating devices 200-1 and 200-2 and the rear surface of the display panel 100. For example, each of the first and second vibrating devices 200-1 and 200-2 may be disposed on the rear surface of the display panel 100 via the connection member 150. The connection member 150 is substantially the same as the connection member 150 described in FIG. 2, and therefore, a redundant description thereof will be omitted.

[0293] Therefore, the device according to another embodiment of the present specification can provide sound to the user by outputting left sound (PVS1) and right sound (PVS2) to the front (FD) of the display panel 100 via the first vibration device 200-1 and the second vibration device 200-2.

[0294] Figure 21 is another cross-sectional view taken along line VI-VI' in Figure 19, which shows the device shown in Figure 20 with an additional plate. Therefore, in the following, redundant descriptions of the remaining components excluding the plate and its related components will be omitted or simplified.

[0295] Referring to FIG. 21, a device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure includes a display panel 100 and a vibration device 200, and may further include a plate 170 disposed between the display panel 100 and the vibration device 200.

[0296] The display panel 100 and the vibration device 200 are substantially the same as the display panel 100 and the vibration device 200 described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 16, respectively, and therefore, redundant description thereof will be omitted or simplified.

[0297] The plate 170 may be disposed between each of the first vibrating device 200-1 and the second vibrating device 200-2 and the rear surface of the display panel 100.

[0298] The plate 170 may dissipate heat generated from the display panel 100 or reinforce the mass of the first and second vibrating devices 200-1 and 200-2 disposed on or suspended from the rear surface of the display panel 100. The plate 170 may have the same shape and size as the rear surface of the display panel 100, or may have the same shape and size as the vibrating device 200. In another embodiment, the plate 170 may have a different size from the display panel 100. For example, the plate 170 may be smaller than the display panel 100. In another embodiment, the plate 170 may have a different size from the vibrating device 200. For example, the plate 170 may be larger or smaller than the vibrating device 200. The vibrating device 200 may be the same size as or smaller than the display panel 100. The plate 170 is substantially the same as the plate 170 described with reference to FIGS. 17 and 18 , and therefore, a repeated description thereof will be omitted.

[0299] The plate 170 may be coupled or connected to the rear surface of the display panel 100 via the plate coupling member (or fourth coupling member) 190 described above.

[0300] Each of the first vibration device 200-1 and the second vibration device 200-2 of the vibration device 200 can be supported or hung on the back surface of the plate 170 by being connected or coupled to the back surface of the plate 170 via the connecting member 150 described above.

[0301] Therefore, the device according to another embodiment of the present specification can provide sounds to a user by outputting left sound (PVS1) and right sound (PVS2) to the front (FD) of the display panel 100 via the first vibrating device 200-1 and the second vibrating device 200-2. Also, the device according to another embodiment of the present specification can reduce the resonance frequency of the vibrating device 200 by the plate 170, and can dissipate heat from the display panel 100.

[0302] Figure 22 shows a device according to another embodiment of the present specification. This is configured by adding a partition to the device shown in Figure 19, 20, or 21. Therefore, hereinafter, redundant descriptions of the remaining configuration, excluding the partition and its related configuration, will be omitted or simplified.

[0303] 19, 20, and 20A, a device according to another embodiment of the present specification includes a display panel 100 and a vibration device 200, and may further include a partition 600 that divides first and second areas (A1, A2) of the display panel 100. The partition 600 may spatially divide the first and second areas (A1, A2) of the display panel 100.

[0304] The display panel 100 and the vibration device 200 are substantially the same as the display panel 100 and the vibration device 200 described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 16, respectively, and therefore, redundant description thereof will be omitted or simplified.

[0305] The partition 600 may be an air gap or space through which sounds (PVS1, PVS2) are generated when the display panel 100 is vibrated by the first and second vibrating devices 200-1, 210-2. For example, the partition 600 may separate the sounds (PVS1, PVS2) or separate channels, and may prevent or reduce degradation of the characteristics of the sounds (PVS1, PVS2) due to interference between the sounds (PVS1, PVS2). The partition 600 may be expressed as, but is not limited to, a sound-blocking member, a sound-separating member, a space-separating member, an enclosure, a baffle, or the like.

[0306] The partition 600 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure may include first and second partition members 610, 620 disposed between the first and second vibration devices 200-1, 210-2.

[0307] The first and second partition members 610 , 620 may be disposed between the display panel 100 and the support member 300 corresponding to the middle region of the display panel 100 .

[0308] The first partition member 610 may be disposed between the display panel 100 and the support member 300, corresponding to a first area (A1) of the display panel 100. The first partition member 610 may independently surround the first vibrating device 200-1. The first partition member 610 according to the embodiment of the present specification may have a rectangular shape surrounding the first vibrating device 200-1, but is not limited thereto. The first partition member 610 may have the same shape as the first vibrating device 200-1 or a different shape. For example, if the first vibrating device 200-1 has a square shape, the first partition member 610 may have a square shape that is relatively larger than the first vibrating device 200-1, or may have a circular or elliptical shape.

[0309] The second partition member 620 may be disposed between the display panel 100 and the support member 300, corresponding to the second area (A2) of the display panel 100. The second partition member 620 may independently surround the second vibrating device 200-2. The second partition member 620 according to the embodiments of the present specification may have a rectangular shape surrounding the second vibrating device 200-2, but is not limited thereto. The second partition member 620 may have the same shape as the second vibrating device 200-2 or a different shape. For example, if the second vibrating device 200-2 has a square shape, the second partition member 620 may have a square shape that is relatively larger than the second vibrating device 200-2, or may have a circular or elliptical shape.

[0310] According to an embodiment of the present specification, the first and second partition members 610 and 620 may have the same or different shapes. For example, each of the first and second partition members 610 and 620 may have a rectangular shape. For example, the first partition member 610 may have a rectangular ring shape, and the second partition member 620 may have a circular ring shape or an oval ring shape.

[0311] The first and second partition members 610 and 620 can separate a first vibro-sound (PVS1) generated by the first vibrating device 200-1 from a second vibrating sound (PVS2) generated by the second vibrating device 200-2. For example, the first and second partition members 610 and 620 can prevent vibrations generated in a first region (A1) of the display panel 100 by the first vibrating device 200-1 from being transmitted to a second region (A2) of the display panel 100, or can block vibrations generated in the second region (A2) of the display panel 100 by the second vibrating device 200-2 from being transmitted to the first region (A1) of the display panel 100. As a result, the first and second partition members 610, 620 attenuate or absorb vibrations of the display panel 100 at the center of the display panel 100, thereby blocking sound from the first area (A1) from being transmitted to the second area (A2) and vice versa. Therefore, the first and second partition members 610, 620 can further improve the sound output characteristics of the device by separating the left and right sounds. As a result, the device according to the embodiments of the present specification can output two or more channels of sound to the front (FD) of the display panel 100 by separating the left and right sounds using the first and second partition members 610, 620.

[0312] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the partition 600 may be made of an elastic material that can be compressed to a certain extent. For example, the partition 600 may be made of, but is not limited to, polyurethane or polyolefin. In other embodiments, the partition 600 may be made of, but is not limited to, single-sided tape, single-sided foam tape, double-sided tape, or double-sided foam tape.

[0313] According to other embodiments of the present specification, any one of the first and second partition members 610, 620 may be omitted. For example, by disposing any one of the first and second partition members 610, 620 between the first vibrating device 200-1 and the second vibrating device 200-2, left and right sounds can be separated. For example, when the second partition member 620 of the first and second partition members 610, 620 is omitted, the first partition member 610 may be disposed between the display panel 100 and the support member 300 so as to correspond to a midline (CL) on the rear surface of the display panel 100.

[0314] Therefore, by separating left and right sounds using the first and second partition members 610, 620, the sound output characteristics of the device can be further improved, and a device including the first partition member 610 or the second partition member 620 can output two or more channels of sound to the front (FD) of the display panel 100 by separating left and right sounds using the first partition member 610 or the second partition member 620.

[0315] The partition 600 according to the embodiment of the present specification may further include a third partition member 630 disposed between the display panel 100 and the support member 300 .

[0316] The third partition member 630 may be disposed along a space between an edge portion of the rear surface of the display panel 100 and an edge portion of the front surface of the support member 300. The third partition member 630 may be disposed to entirely surround the first and second vibrating devices 200-1 and 210-2. The third partition member 630 may be expressed as, but is not limited to, an edge partition, a sound-blocking member, an edge enclosure, an edge baffle, or the like. For example, the third partition member 630 may be disposed adjacent to or in contact with the middle frame 400 described above, and may be surrounded by the middle frame 400. In another embodiment, the third partition member 630 may be realized as a single housing together with the middle frame 400.

[0317] The third partition member 630, together with the first and second partition members 610 and 620, can provide first to third air gaps (AG1, AG2, AG3) between the display panel 100 and the support member 300. For example, each of the first to third air gaps (AG1, AG2, AG3) can be expressed as, but is not limited to, a vibration space, a sound pressure space, a sound body, a sounding section, a resonating tube, or a resonating section.

[0318] The first air gap (AG1) can be provided in the first area (A1) of the display panel 100 surrounded by the first partition member 610 and the third partition member 630 disposed in the first area (A1) of the display panel 100.

[0319] The second air gap (AG2) can be provided in the second area (A2) of the display panel 100 surrounded by the second partition member 620 and the third partition member 630 disposed in the second area (A2) of the display panel 100.

[0320] The third air gap (AG3) may be provided in a rear intermediate region of the display panel 100 surrounded by the first and second partition members 610 and 620 and the third partition member 630. For example, the third air gap (AG3) may be provided between the first air gap (AG1) and the second air gap (AG2). For example, the third air gap (AG3) may be provided between the first air gap (AG1) and the second air gap (AG2) including the rear intermediate line (CL) of the display panel 100. The third air gap (AG3) may be expressed as, but is not limited to, a sound separation space, a sound shielding space, or a sound interference prevention space. The third air gap (AG3) separates the first air gap (AG1) and the second air gap (AG2) to prevent resonance or interference in a certain frequency band occurring in each of the first air gap (AG1) and the second air gap (AG2). For example, the third air gap (AG3) spatially separates the first air gap (AG1) and the second air gap (AG2), thereby preventing resonance or interference in a certain frequency band that occurs in each of the first air gap (AG1) and the second air gap (AG2).

[0321] The first vibration device 200-1 may be surrounded by a third partition member 630 having a first air gap (AG1) therebetween and the first partition member 610. The second vibration device 200-2 may be surrounded by a third partition member 630 having a second air gap (AG2) therebetween and the second partition member 620.

[0322] When either one of the first and second partition members 610, 620 is omitted, the third air gap (AG3) may be omitted.

[0323] Therefore, the third partition member 630 may be enclosed between the display panel 100 and the support member 300. The third partition member 630, together with the first and second partition members 610 and 630, individually surrounds each of the first and second vibrating devices 200-1 and 210-2, thereby ensuring vibration spaces for each of the first and second vibrating devices 200-1 and 210-2 and increasing the sound pressure characteristics of left and right sounds. The third partition member 630 may also block outflow of sound or sound pressure to the outside through the side between the display panel 100 and the support member 300, thereby further improving the sound output characteristics of the device or display device.

[0324] The partition 600 according to the embodiment of the present specification may further include a fourth partition member 640 and a fifth partition member 650.

[0325] The fourth partition member 640 and the fifth partition member 650 may be disposed between the display panel 100 and the support member 300. For example, the fourth partition member 640 and the fifth partition member 650 may be disposed in a middle region of the display panel 100. For example, the fourth partition member 640 and the fifth partition member 650 may be disposed next to each other in the middle region of the display panel 100. The fourth partition member 640 and the fifth partition member 650 may be disposed on the rear midline (CL) of the display panel 100 and may divide the display panel 100 into a first region (A1) and a second region (A2). For example, the fourth partition member 640 and the fifth partition member 650 may spatially divide the display panel 100 into the first region (A1) and the second region (A2). For example, the fourth partition member 640 and the fifth partition member 650 can block the first vibrating sound (PVS1) and the second vibrating sound (PVS2) generated by the first vibrating device 200-1 and the second vibrating device 200-2. For example, the fourth partition member 640 and the fifth partition member 650 can prevent vibrations generated in the first area (A1) of the display panel 100 by the first vibrating device 200-1 from being transmitted to the second area (A2) of the display panel 100, or can block vibrations generated in the second area (A2) of the display panel 100 by the second vibrating device 200-2 from being transmitted to the first area (A1) of the display panel 100. As a result, the fourth partition member 640 and the fifth partition member 650 attenuate or absorb vibrations of the display panel 100 at the center of the display panel 100, thereby blocking sound from being transmitted from the first area (A1) to the second area (A2) and vice versa. Therefore, the fourth partition member 640 and the fifth partition member 650 separate the left and right audio (PVS1 and PVS2), thereby further improving the audio output characteristics of the device. As a result, the device according to the embodiments of the present specification can output audio of two or more channels to the front (FD) of the display panel 100 by separating the left and right audio using the fourth partition member 640 and the fifth partition member 650.

[0326] According to an embodiment of the present specification, the fourth partition member 640 and the fifth partition member 650 may be made of an elastic material that can be compressed to a certain extent. For example, the fourth partition member 640 and the fifth partition member 650 may be made of, but is not limited to, polyurethane or polyolefin. In other embodiments, the fourth partition member 640 and the fifth partition member 650 may be made of, but is not limited to, single-sided tape, single-sided foam tape, double-sided foam tape, double-sided foam pad, or the like.

[0327] According to an embodiment of the present specification, one or more of the fourth partition member 640 and the fifth partition member 650 may be omitted. For example, when the fifth partition member 650 of the fourth partition member 640 and the fifth partition member 650 is omitted, the fourth partition member 640 may be disposed between the display panel 100 and the support member 300 so as to correspond to the rear midline (CL) of the display panel 100. By disposing one of the fourth partition member 640 and the fifth partition member 650 between the first vibrating device 200-1 and the second vibrating device 200-2, left and right sounds can be separated.

[0328] Therefore, by including the partition 600, the device according to another embodiment of the present specification can optimize the sound pressure characteristics and the reproduction sound range band of each of the left and right sounds. As an example, the device according to another embodiment of the present specification can include at least one of the first and second partition members 610 and 620. As another embodiment, the device according to another embodiment of the present specification can omit the first partition member 610 and the second partition member 620 and include the third partition member 630. As another embodiment, the device according to another embodiment of the present specification can include at least one of the first and second partition members 610 and 620 and the third partition member 630. As another embodiment, the device according to another embodiment of the present specification can include the third to fifth partition members 630, 640, and 650. As another embodiment, the device according to another embodiment of the present specification can include all of the first to fifth partition members 610, 620, 630, 640, and 650.

[0329] 22 has been described with reference to an example in which the partition 600 is disposed between the display panel 100 and the support member 300, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as described with reference to FIG. 22, a device according to another embodiment of the present specification may further include a plate 170 disposed on the rear surface of the display panel 100, and the partition 600 may be disposed between the rear surface of the plate 170 and the support member 300. For example, the first to fifth partition members 610, 620, 630, 640, and 650 of the partition 600 may be disposed between the rear surface of the plate 170 and the support member 300.

[0330] Therefore, the device according to another embodiment of the present specification can provide sound to a user by outputting left sound (PVS1) and right sound (PVS2) to the front (FD) of the display panel 100 via the first and second vibrating devices 200-1 and 200-2. The device according to another embodiment of the present specification can output two or more channels of sound to the front (FD) of the display panel 100 by separating the left and right sounds (PVS1 and PVS2) using the partition 600. Furthermore, the device according to another embodiment of the present specification can reduce the resonance frequency of the vibrating device 200 and dissipate heat from the display panel 100 by using the plate 170 disposed on the rear surface of the display panel 100.

[0331] Figure 23 shows a device according to another embodiment of the present specification. This is a device in which the vibration device is modified from the device shown in Figures 20 to 22. Therefore, in the following, redundant explanations of the remaining components, excluding the vibration device and its related components, will be omitted or simplified.

[0332] 23, in a device according to another embodiment of the present specification, a vibration device 200 may include first to fourth vibration devices 200-1, 200-2, 200-3, and 200-4 arranged on the rear surface of the display panel 100.

[0333] The first and third vibrating devices 200-1 and 210-3 may be arranged side by side along the first direction (X) (or horizontal direction) in the first area (A1) of the display panel 100. For example, the first and third vibrating devices 200-1 and 210-3 may be arranged in a line along the second direction (Y) (or vertical direction) in the first area (A1) of the display panel 100. The first and third vibrating devices 200-1 and 210-3 may be surrounded by a partition 600. For example, the first and third vibrating devices 200-1 and 210-3 may be surrounded by a first partition member 610 (or a first enclosure).

[0334] Each of the first and third vibrating devices 200-1 and 210-3 vibrates the first region (A1) of the display panel 100, thereby generating a first vibratory sound (or left-side sound) or a first haptic feedback in the first region (A1) of the display panel 100. For example, the vibration area of ​​the first region (A1) of the display panel 100 is increased by the parallel arrangement of the first and third vibrating devices 200-1 and 210-3, thereby improving the acoustic characteristics of the left-side sound, including the low-frequency range. For example, by further arranging the third vibrating device 200-3 in the first region (A1) of the display panel 100 in addition to the first vibrating device 200-1, the first vibratory sound or first haptic feedback according to other embodiments of this specification may be further improved compared to the first vibratory sound or first haptic feedback described in FIG. 22.

[0335] According to an embodiment of the present specification, the first vibrating device 200-1 may be disposed above the midline of the first region (A1) of the display panel 100, which is parallel to the first direction (X), and the third vibrating device 200-3 may be disposed below the midline of the first region (A1). The first and third vibrating devices 200-1 and 210-3 may be symmetrical (or vertically symmetrical) with respect to the midline of the first region (A1). Even in this case, the vibration area of ​​the first region (A1) of the display panel 100 is increased by the parallel arrangement structure of the first and third vibrating devices 200-1 and 210-3, thereby improving acoustic characteristics, including the low-frequency range of left-side sound.

[0336] According to an embodiment of the present specification, the distance (or separation distance) between the first and third vibration devices 200-1 and 210-3 in the second direction (Y) may be, but is not limited to, 0.1 mm to 3 cm, thereby preventing cracks or damage caused by physical contact between the first and third vibration devices 200-1 and 210-3.

[0337] The second and fourth vibrating devices 200-2 and 210-4 may be arranged side by side along the first direction (X) (or horizontal direction) in the second area (A2) of the display panel 100. For example, the second and fourth vibrating devices 200-2 and 210-4 may be arranged in a line along the second direction (Y) (or vertical direction) in the second area (A2) of the display panel 100. The second and fourth vibrating devices 200-2 and 210-4 may be surrounded by a partition 600. For example, the second and fourth vibrating devices 200-2 and 210-4 may be surrounded by a second partition member 620 (or a second enclosure).

[0338] The second and fourth vibrating devices 200-2 and 210-4 each vibrate the second region (A2) of the display panel 100, thereby generating a second vibratory sound (or right-side sound) or a second haptic feedback in the second region (A2) of the display panel 100. For example, the vibration area of ​​the second region (A2) of the display panel 100 is increased by the parallel arrangement of the second and fourth vibrating devices 200-2 and 210-4, thereby improving the acoustic characteristics of the right-side sound, including the low-frequency range. For example, by further arranging the fourth vibrating device 200-4 in the second region (A2) of the display panel 100 in addition to the second vibrating device 200-2, the second vibratory sound or second haptic feedback according to other embodiments of this specification may be further improved compared to the second vibratory sound or second haptic feedback described with reference to FIG. 22.

[0339] According to an embodiment of the present specification, the second vibration device 200-2 may be disposed above the midline of the second region (A2) of the display panel 100, which is parallel to the first direction (X), and the fourth vibration device 200-4 may be disposed below the midline of the second region (A2). The second and fourth vibration devices 200-2 and 210-4 may be symmetrical (or vertically symmetrical) with respect to the midline of the second region (A2). Even in this case, the vibration area of ​​the second region (A2) of the display panel 100 is increased by the parallel arrangement structure of the second and fourth vibration devices 200-2 and 210-4, thereby improving the acoustic characteristics, including the low-frequency range, of the right-side sound.

[0340] According to an embodiment of the present specification, the distance (or separation distance) between the second and fourth vibration devices 200-2 and 210-4 in the second direction (Y) may be, but is not limited to, 0.1 mm to 3 cm, thereby preventing cracks or damage due to physical contact between the second and fourth vibration devices 200-2 and 210-4.

[0341] The vibration units of the vibration generating units included in each of the first to fourth vibration devices 200-1, 200-2, 200-3, and 200-4 may be the same as or different from one another. For example, depending on the acoustic characteristics required of the device, the vibration units of the vibration generating units included in each of the first to fourth vibration devices 200-1, 200-2, 200-3, and 200-4 may include vibration units 211a that are the same as any one or more of the vibration units 211a described in Figures 3, 11, 13, and 14, or may include vibration units 211a that are different from one another. When each of the vibration sections 211a of the multiple vibration generating sections included in each of the first to fourth vibration devices 200-1, 200-2, 200-3, and 200-4 includes a different vibration section 211a from the vibration sections 211a described in Figures 3, 11, 13, and 14, the vibration device 200 can have various resonant frequencies, thereby significantly increasing the reproduction band and sound pressure characteristics of the sound generated in conjunction with the vibration of the vibration device 200.

[0342] According to the embodiments of the present specification, in the description related to FIG. 23 , the first and third vibration devices 200-1, 210-3 are arranged side by side in the first direction (X) (or horizontal direction) or in a row along the second direction (Y) (or vertical direction), but this is not limiting. For example, the first and third vibration devices 200-1, 210-3 may be arranged side by side in the second direction (Y) (or vertical direction) or in a row along the first direction (X) (or horizontal direction), in a parallel arrangement structure, and in this case, the same effect as that of FIG. 23 can be obtained. Similarly, the second and fourth vibration devices 200-2, 210-4 may be arranged side by side in the second direction (Y) (or vertical direction) or in a row along the first direction (X) (or horizontal direction), and in this case, the same effect as that of FIG. 23 can be obtained.

[0343] Figure 24 shows a device according to another embodiment of the present specification. This is a device in which the vibration device is modified from the device shown in Figures 20 to 22. Therefore, in the following, redundant explanations of the remaining components, excluding the vibration device and its related components, will be omitted or simplified.

[0344] 24, in a device according to another embodiment of the present specification, a vibration device 200 may include first to fourth vibration devices 200-1, 210-2, 210-3, and 210-4 arranged on the rear surface of a display panel 100.

[0345] The first and third vibrating devices 200-1, 210-3 are alternately arranged diagonally within the first region (A1) of the display panel 100, thereby increasing the vibration area for the first region (A1) of the display panel 100. For example, the diagonal direction may be a direction between the first direction (X) and the second direction (Y). The first and third vibrating devices 200-1, 210-3 may be surrounded by a partition 600. For example, the first and third vibrating devices 200-1, 210-3 may be surrounded by a fourth partition member 640 (or a first enclosure).

[0346] Each of the first and third vibrating devices 200-1 and 210-3 vibrates the first region (A1) of the display panel 100, thereby generating a first vibratory sound (or left-side sound) or a first haptic feedback in the first region (A1) of the display panel 100. For example, the vibration area of ​​the first region (A1) of the display panel 100 is increased due to the diagonal arrangement structure of the first and third vibrating devices 200-1 and 210-3, thereby improving the low-frequency band characteristics of the left-side sound. For example, by further arranging the third vibrating device 200-3 in the first region (A1) of the display panel 100 in addition to the first vibrating device 200-1, the first vibratory sound or first haptic feedback according to other embodiments of this specification may be further improved compared to the first vibratory sound or first haptic feedback described in FIG. 22.

[0347] According to an embodiment of the present specification, the first vibrating device 200-1 may be arranged so as to be biased toward an edge portion within the first region (A1) of the display panel 100. For example, the first vibrating device 200-1 may be arranged in an upper left region adjacent to an edge portion of the display panel 100 within the first region (A1) of the display panel 100. The third vibrating device 200-3 may be arranged so as to be biased toward a center line (CL) of the display panel 100 within the first region (A1) of the display panel 100. For example, the third vibrating device 200-3 may be arranged in a lower right region adjacent to the center line (CL) of the display panel 100 within the first region (A1) of the display panel 100. The third vibrating device 200-3 may be arranged alternately with the first vibrating device 200-1 within the first region (A1) of the display panel 100, so that the third vibrating device 200-3 does not overlap with the first vibrating device 200-1 in the first direction (X) and the second direction (Y).

[0348] According to the embodiments of the present specification, the diagonal arrangement structure of the first and third vibration devices 200-1, 210-3 has the effect of arranging the two vibration devices 200-1, 210-3 in a 2x2 structure within the first area (A1) of the display panel 100, thereby reducing the number of vibration devices vibrating the first area (A1) of the display panel 100 by half.

[0349] The second and fourth vibrating devices 200-2 and 210-4 can be arranged alternately or diagonally within the second area (A2) of the display panel 100, thereby increasing the vibration area of ​​the second area (A2) of the display panel 100. The second and fourth vibrating devices 200-2 and 210-4 can be surrounded by a partition 600. For example, the second and fourth vibrating devices 200-2 and 210-4 can be surrounded by a fifth partition member 650 (or a second enclosure).

[0350] The second and fourth vibrating devices 200-2 and 210-4 each vibrate the second region (A2) of the display panel 100, thereby generating a second panel vibration sound (or right-side sound) or a second haptic feedback in the second region (A2) of the display panel 100. For example, the vibration area of ​​the second region (A2) of the display panel 100 is increased by the diagonal arrangement of the second and fourth vibrating devices 200-2 and 210-4, thereby improving the acoustic characteristics of the right-side sound, including the low-frequency range. For example, by further arranging the fourth vibrating device 200-4 in the second region (A2) of the display panel 100 in addition to the second vibrating device 200-2, the second vibrating sound or second haptic feedback according to other embodiments of this specification may be further improved compared to the second vibrating sound or second haptic feedback described with reference to FIG. 22.

[0351] According to an embodiment of the present specification, the second vibrating device 200-2 may be arranged in the second region (A2) of the display panel 100 so as to be biased toward an edge portion of the display panel 100. For example, the second vibrating device 200-2 may be arranged in the upper right region adjacent to the edge of the display panel 100 in the second region (A2) of the display panel 100. The first vibrating device 200-1 and the second vibrating device 200-2 may be symmetrical about the center line (CL) of the display panel 100. The fourth vibrating device 200-4 may be arranged in the second region (A2) of the display panel 100 so as to be biased toward the center line (CL) of the display panel 100. For example, the fourth vibrating device 200-4 may be arranged in the lower left region adjacent to the center line (CL) of the display panel 100 in the second region (A2) of the display panel 100. The fourth vibrating device 200-4 may be arranged alternately with the second vibrating device 200-2 in the second area (A2) of the display panel 100, and may not overlap with the second vibrating device 200-2 in the first direction (X) and the second direction (Y). The second vibrating device 200-2 may be arranged symmetrically with the first vibrating device 200-1 about the center line (CL) of the display panel 100, and the fourth vibrating device 200-4 may be arranged symmetrically with the third vibrating device 200-3 about the center line (CL) of the display panel 100.

[0352] According to the embodiments of the present specification, the diagonal arrangement structure of the second and fourth vibration devices 200-2, 210-4 has the effect of arranging the two vibration devices 200-2, 210-4 in a 2x2 structure within the second area (A2) of the display panel 100, thereby reducing the number of vibration devices vibrating the second area (A2) of the display panel 100 by half.

[0353] The vibration units of the vibration generating units included in each of the first to fourth vibration devices 200-1, 200-2, 200-3, and 200-4 may be the same as or different from one another. For example, depending on the acoustic characteristics required of the device, the vibration units of the vibration generating units included in each of the first to fourth vibration devices 200-1, 200-2, 200-3, and 200-4 may include vibration units 211a that are the same as any one or more of the vibration units 211a described in Figures 3, 11, 13, and 14, or may include vibration units 211a that are different from one another. When each of the vibration sections 211a of the multiple vibration generating sections included in each of the first to fourth vibration devices 200-1, 200-2, 200-3, and 200-4 includes a different vibration section 211a from the vibration sections 211a described in Figures 3, 11, 13, and 14, the vibration device 200 can have various resonant frequencies, thereby significantly increasing the reproduction band and sound pressure characteristics of the sound generated in conjunction with the vibration of the vibration device 200.

[0354] The arrangement of the first to fourth vibrating devices 200-1, 200-2, 200-3, and 200-4 is not limited to the arrangement shown in Fig. 24. For example, in each of the first area (A1) and the second area (A2) of the display panel 100, when the direction between the upper left and lower right is defined as a first diagonal direction and the direction between the upper right and lower left is defined as a second diagonal direction, the first and third vibrating devices 200-1 and 200-3 may be arranged along the first diagonal direction or the second diagonal direction, and the second and fourth vibrating devices 200-2 and 200-4 may be arranged along either the first diagonal direction or the second diagonal direction, whichever is the same as or different from the diagonal arrangement direction of the first and third vibrating devices 200-1 and 200-3. For example, the first vibrating device 200-1 and the second vibrating device 200-2 may be arranged symmetrically or asymmetrically about the center line (CL) of the display panel 100. The third vibrating device 200-3 and the fourth vibrating device 200-4 may be arranged symmetrically or asymmetrically about the center line (CL) of the display panel 100.

[0355] 22, can output two or more channels of sound to the front (FD) of the display panel 100, can reduce the resonance frequency of the vibration device 200, and can dissipate heat from the display panel 100. In addition, in the device according to the other embodiments of the present specification, the sound pressure characteristics in the low frequency range can be further improved by increasing the vibration areas of the first and second regions (A1, A2) due to the diagonal arrangement structure of the first and third vibration devices 200-1, 200-3 and the diagonal arrangement structure of the second and fourth vibration devices 200-2, 200-4.

[0356] FIG. 25 is a diagram showing the acoustic output characteristics of a display device according to an example of the present specification and a display device according to an experimental example.

[0357] The acoustic output characteristics can be measured using an acoustic analyzer. The acoustic analyzer can consist of a control PC, a sound card that sends and receives sound, an amplifier that amplifies the sound generated from the sound card and transmits it to the vibration device, and a microphone that collects the sound generated from the display panel when the vibration device is activated. The sound collected by the microphone is input to the control PC via the sound card and checked by a control program to analyze the acoustic output characteristics of the vibration device.

[0358] The thin solid line in Fig. 25 shows the acoustic output characteristics of a display device according to an experimental example, which includes a vibration device having one or a single vibration generator. The thick solid line in Fig. 25 shows the acoustic output characteristics of a device according to an embodiment of the present specification, which includes a vibration device having multiple or a stacked vibration generator. In Fig. 25, the horizontal axis represents frequency (Hz), and the vertical axis represents sound pressure level (dB).

[0359] 25, it can be seen that the device according to the examples of the present specification has a higher sound pressure in the low frequency range, for example, about 500 Hz to 1000 Hz, compared to the display device according to the experimental example. It can be seen that the device according to the examples of the present specification has improved sound output characteristics in the mid-low frequency range, for example, about 500 Hz to 1000 Hz, compared to the display device according to the experimental example, due to the stacked structure of multiple vibration generators.

[0360] The device according to the present specification can be described as follows.

[0361] The device according to the embodiments of the present specification includes a display panel for displaying an image, and a vibration device located on the rear surface of the display panel for vibrating the display panel, and the vibration device may include multiple vibration generators stacked on top of each other.

[0362] According to some embodiments herein, each of the multiple vibration generators may be displaced in the same direction as each other.

[0363] According to some embodiments herein, each of the plurality of vibration generators may have the same size.

[0364] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, end portions of each of the plurality of vibration generators may be aligned with an imaginary extension line extending along the thickness direction of the display panel.

[0365] The device according to the embodiments of the present specification may include a display panel for displaying an image, a vibration device arranged on the rear surface of the display panel, and a plate arranged between the display panel and the vibration device, and the vibration device may include a plurality of vibration generators stacked so as to displace in the same direction as each other, and an adhesive member between the plurality of vibration generators.

[0366] According to some embodiments herein, the vibration generators may be symmetrical to one another with respect to the adhesive member.

[0367] According to some embodiments of the present specification, the display panel includes a first region and a second region, and the vibration device includes a first vibration device arranged in the first region and a second vibration device arranged in the second region, and each of the first vibration device and the second vibration device may include a plurality of vibration generators and an adhesive member.

[0368] The device according to some embodiments of the present specification may further include a support member disposed on the rear surface of the display panel, and a partition disposed between the rear surface of the display panel and the support member, between the first region and the second region.

[0369] According to some embodiments of the present specification, the vibration device may further include a third vibration device positioned in a first region and offset from the first vibration device, and a fourth vibration device positioned in a second region and offset from the second vibration device, and each of the third vibration device and the fourth vibration device may include a plurality of vibration generators and an adhesive member.

[0370] According to some embodiments herein, the first and third vibration devices may be positioned alongside each other or offset from each other within the first region, and the second and fourth vibration devices may be positioned alongside each other or offset from each other within the second region.

[0371] According to some embodiments of the present specification, each of the plurality of vibration generators may include a vibrating structure, a first protective member arranged on a first surface of the vibrating structure, and a second protective member arranged on a second surface of the vibrating structure different from the first surface.

[0372] According to some embodiments of the present specification, the vibrating structure may include a vibrating portion, a first electrode portion disposed between the vibrating portion and the first protective member, and a second electrode portion disposed between the vibrating portion and the second protective member.

[0373] According to some embodiments of the present specification, each of the plurality of vibration generators may include a vibration section including a plurality of inorganic material sections having piezoelectric properties and an organic material section located between the plurality of inorganic material sections, a first electrode section arranged on a first surface of the vibration section, and a second electrode section arranged on a second surface different from the first surface of the vibration section.

[0374] According to some embodiments of the present specification, the inorganic material portion of a vibration generator arranged in an upper layer among the plurality of vibration generators and the inorganic material portion of a vibration generator arranged in a lower layer among the plurality of vibration generators may overlap each other, and the organic material portion of a vibration generator arranged in an upper layer and the organic material portion of a vibration generator arranged in a lower layer may overlap each other.

[0375] According to some embodiments of the present specification, the adhesive member includes a first adhesive layer and a second adhesive layer, and each of the plurality of vibration generators includes a plurality of vibration generating units arranged along a first direction and a second direction intersecting the first direction, a first protective member on a first surface of each of the plurality of vibration generating units via the first adhesive layer, and a second protective member on a second surface of each of the plurality of vibration generating units via the second adhesive layer.

[0376] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the vibration generating units may be spaced apart from one another and electrically isolated from one another.

[0377] According to some embodiments herein, the spacing may be from 0.1 mm to 3 cm.

[0378] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer may be bonded to each other to surround the plurality of vibration generating units.

[0379] According to some embodiments of the present specification, each of the multiple vibration generating units may include a vibration unit, a first electrode unit arranged on a first surface of the vibration unit, and a second electrode unit arranged on a second surface different from the first surface of the vibration unit.

[0380] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the vibration portion may include a plurality of inorganic material portions and an organic material portion between the plurality of inorganic material portions.

[0381] According to some embodiments of the present specification, the inorganic material portion of a vibration generator arranged in an upper layer among the plurality of vibration generators and the inorganic material portion of a vibration generator arranged in a lower layer among the plurality of vibration generators may overlap each other, and the organic material portion of a vibration generator arranged in an upper layer and the organic material portion of a vibration generator arranged in a lower layer may overlap each other.

[0382] According to some embodiments of the present specification, each of the plurality of vibration generators includes a vibration unit, a first electrode unit disposed on a first surface of the vibration unit, and a second electrode unit disposed on a second surface of the vibration unit that is different from the first surface, and the first electrode unit of each of the plurality of vibration generators may be disposed closer to the display panel than the second electrode unit.

[0383] The device according to some embodiments of the present specification further includes a vibration drive circuit having a plurality of amplifiers coupled to each of the plurality of vibration generators, wherein the plurality of vibration generators include first and second groups, and the plurality of amplifiers include first and second groups of amplifiers, and the amplifiers of the first amplifier group include first output terminals coupled to first electrode portions of the vibration generators of the first group and second output terminals coupled to second electrode portions of the vibration generators of the first group, and the amplifiers of the second amplifier group include first output terminals coupled to second electrode portions of the vibration generators of the second group and second output terminals coupled to first electrode portions of the vibration generators of the second group.

[0384] According to some embodiments of the present specification, each of the multiple vibration generators includes a vibration unit, a first electrode unit arranged on a first surface of the vibration unit, and a second electrode unit arranged on a second surface different from the first surface of the vibration unit, and the multiple vibration generators include first and second groups, and in the vibration generators of the first group, the first electrode unit is arranged closer to the display panel than the second electrode unit, and in the vibration generators of the second group, the second electrode unit is arranged closer to the display panel than the first electrode unit.

[0385] The device according to some embodiments of the present specification may further include a vibration drive circuit having a plurality of amplifiers coupled to each of the plurality of vibration generators, and each of the plurality of amplifiers may include a first output terminal coupled to a first electrode portion of a corresponding vibration generator among the plurality of vibration generators, and a second output terminal coupled to a second electrode portion of a corresponding vibration generator among the plurality of vibration generators.

[0386] The vibration device according to the present specification can be described as follows.

[0387] A vibration device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure may include a plurality of vibration generators stacked so as to be displaced in the same direction, and an adhesive member between the plurality of vibration generators.

[0388] According to some embodiments herein, the vibration generators may be symmetrical to one another with respect to the adhesive member.

[0389] According to some embodiments herein, each of the plurality of vibration generators may have the same size.

[0390] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, end portions of each of the plurality of vibration generators may be aligned with an imaginary extension line extending along the thickness direction.

[0391] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the vibration generator may further include a plate disposed on the uppermost vibration generator among the plurality of vibration generators.

[0392] According to some embodiments herein, each of the plurality of vibration generators and the plate may have the same size.

[0393] According to some embodiments herein, the plate may include a metal material or may include any one or more of a single or composite non-metallic material selected from the group consisting of wood, plastic, glass, fabric, and leather.

[0394] According to some embodiments of the present specification, the adhesive member includes a first adhesive layer and a second adhesive layer, and each of the plurality of vibration generators includes a plurality of vibration generating units arranged along a first direction and a second direction intersecting the first direction, a first protective member on a first surface of each of the plurality of vibration generating units via the first adhesive layer, and a second protective member on a second surface of each of the plurality of vibration generating units via the second adhesive layer.

[0395] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the vibration generating units may be spaced apart from one another and electrically isolated from one another.

[0396] According to some embodiments herein, the spacing may be from 0.1 mm to 3 cm.

[0397] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer may be bonded to each other to surround the plurality of vibration generating units.

[0398] According to some embodiments of the present specification, each of the multiple vibration generating units may include a vibration unit, a first electrode unit arranged on a first surface of the vibration unit, and a second electrode unit arranged on a second surface different from the first surface of the vibration unit.

[0399] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the vibration portion may include a plurality of inorganic material portions and an organic material portion between the plurality of inorganic material portions.

[0400] According to some embodiments of the present specification, the inorganic material portion of a vibration generator arranged in an upper layer among the plurality of vibration generators and the inorganic material portion of a vibration generator arranged in a lower layer among the plurality of vibration generators may overlap each other, and the organic material portion of a vibration generator arranged in an upper layer and the organic material portion of a vibration generator arranged in a lower layer may overlap each other.

[0401] According to some embodiments of the present specification, each of the plurality of vibration generators may include a vibration section including a plurality of inorganic material sections having piezoelectric properties and an organic material section located between the plurality of inorganic material sections, a first electrode section arranged on a first surface of the vibration section, and a second electrode section arranged on a second surface different from the first surface of the vibration section.

[0402] According to some embodiments of the present specification, the device may further include a vibration drive circuit having a plurality of amplifiers coupled to each of the plurality of vibration generators, wherein the plurality of vibration generators include first and second groups, and the plurality of amplifiers include first and second amplifier groups, and the amplifiers of the first amplifier group include first output terminals coupled to first electrode portions of the vibration generators of the first group and second output terminals coupled to second electrode portions of the vibration generators of the first group, and the amplifiers of the second amplifier group include first output terminals coupled to second electrode portions of the vibration generators of the second group and second output terminals coupled to first electrode portions of the vibration generators of the second group.

[0403] An apparatus according to some embodiments of the present specification includes a vibration object and a vibration device for the vibration object, and the vibration device may include a plurality of vibration generators stacked so as to be displaced in the same direction as each other, and an adhesive member between the plurality of vibration generators.

[0404] According to some embodiments herein, the vibration generators may be symmetrical to one another with respect to the adhesive member.

[0405] According to some embodiments herein, each of the plurality of vibration generators may have the same size.

[0406] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, end portions of each of the plurality of vibration generators may be aligned with an imaginary extension line extending along the thickness direction of the vibration device.

[0407] According to some embodiments of the present specification, the vibration object may include a plate, and the plate may include a metal material or any one or more of a single or composite non-metallic material selected from the group consisting of wood, plastic, glass, cloth, and leather.

[0408] According to some embodiments herein, each of the plurality of vibration generators and the plate may have the same size.

[0409] According to some embodiments of the present specification, the vibrating object may include a display panel having a plurality of pixels for displaying an image, or may include a non-display panel selected from the group consisting of a light-emitting diode lighting panel, an organic light-emitting lighting panel, and an inorganic light-emitting lighting panel.

[0410] According to some embodiments of the present specification, the vibrating object may include a display panel having a plurality of pixels for displaying an image, or may include one or more of a vehicle interior material, a vehicle glass window, a building ceiling, a building glass window, a building interior material, an aircraft interior material, and an aircraft glass window.

[0411] According to some embodiments of the present specification, each of the plurality of vibration generators may include a vibration section including a plurality of inorganic material sections having piezoelectric properties and an organic material section located between the plurality of inorganic material sections, a first electrode section arranged on a first surface of the vibration section, and a second electrode section arranged on a second surface different from the first surface of the vibration section.

[0412] The display device according to the embodiments of the present specification may be applied to any electronic device that uses a display panel as a diaphragm. For example, the display device according to the embodiments of the present specification may be applied to a mobile device, a video phone, a smart watch, a watch phone, a wearable device, a foldable device, a rollable device, a bendable device, a flexible device, a curved device, an electronic organizer, an electronic book, a portable multimedia player (PMP), a personal digital assistant (PDA), an MP3 player, a mobile medical device, a desktop PC, a laptop PC, a netbook computer, a workstation, a navigation system, a vehicle navigation system, a vehicle display device, a theater device, a theater display device, a television, a wallpaper device, a signage device, a game device, a notebook computer, a monitor, a camera, a video camera, and a home appliance. The vibration device of the present specification may be applied to an organic light-emitting lighting device or an inorganic light-emitting lighting device. When the vibration device is applied to a lighting device, it may function as a light and a speaker. When the display device of the present specification is applied to a mobile device, it may function as one or more of a speaker, a receiver, and a haptic, but is not limited thereto.

[0413] Although the embodiments of the present specification have been described in more detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present specification is not necessarily limited to these embodiments and may be variously modified within the scope of the technical concept of the present specification. Therefore, the embodiments disclosed in the present specification are intended to illustrate, rather than limit, the technical concept of the present specification, and such embodiments do not limit the scope of the technical concept of the present specification. Therefore, the above-described embodiments should be understood to be illustrative in all respects and not limiting. The scope of protection of the present specification should be interpreted by the scope of the claims, and all technical concepts within the scope equivalent thereto should be interpreted as being included in the scope of the present specification. [Explanation of symbols]

[0414] 100: Display panel 150: Connecting member 170: Plate 200: Vibration device 200A, 200B, 200C, 200D: Vibration generating part 210, 230: Vibration generator 211: Vibrating structures 211a: Vibration part 211a1: Part 1 211a2:Second part 211b: First electrode part 211c: Second electrode part 213, 1213: First protective member 215, 1215: second protective member 250: Adhesive material 300: Support member 500: Vibration drive circuit 501: 1st amplifier 502: Second amplifier 600: Partition

Claims

1. a display panel for displaying images; and a vibration device on the rear surface of the display panel for vibrating the display panel; The vibration device includes a plurality of vibration generators stacked one on top of the other, each of the plurality of vibration generators includes an electrode portion, a protective member, and a power supply line; the protective member is disposed on one side of the electrode portion, The electronic device, wherein the power supply line is disposed in a layer between the electrode portion and the protective member.

2. The electronic device according to claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of vibration generators is displaced in the same direction as each other.

3. The electronic device according to claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of vibration generators has the same size.

4. The electronic device according to claim 1 , wherein end portions of each of the plurality of vibration generators are aligned with an imaginary extension line extending along a thickness direction of the display panel.

5. a display panel for displaying images; a vibration device on the rear surface of the display panel; and a plate disposed between the display panel and the vibration device; The vibration device is a plurality of vibration generators stacked one on top of the other so as to be displaced in the same direction; an adhesive member disposed between the plurality of vibration generators; each of the plurality of vibration generators includes an electrode portion, a protective member, and a power supply line; the protective member is disposed on one side of the electrode portion, The electronic device, wherein the power supply line is disposed in a layer between the electrode portion and the protective member.

6. The electronic device according to claim 5 , wherein the plurality of vibration generators are symmetrical with respect to each other with respect to the adhesive member.

7. the display panel includes a first region and a second region; the vibration device includes a first vibration device disposed in the first region and a second vibration device disposed in the second region; The electronic device according to claim 5 , wherein each of the first vibrating device and the second vibrating device includes the plurality of vibration generators and the adhesive member.

8. a support member disposed on the rear surface of the display panel; and The electronic device according to claim 7 , further comprising a partition disposed between the rear surface of the display panel and the support member, the partition being between the first area and the second area.

9. The vibration device is a third vibration device disposed in the first region; and further comprising a fourth vibration device disposed in the second region; The electronic device according to claim 7 , wherein each of the third vibrating device and the fourth vibrating device includes the plurality of vibration generators and the adhesive member.

10. the first vibration device and the third vibration device are arranged side by side or offset from each other within the first region; The electronic device according to claim 9 , wherein the second vibrating device and the fourth vibrating device are arranged side by side or offset from each other within the second region.

11. Each of the plurality of vibration generators vibrating structure, a first protective member disposed on a first surface of the vibratory structure; and The electronic device according to claim 1 , further comprising a second protection member disposed on a second surface of the vibratory structure that is different from the first surface.

12. The vibrating structure is Vibration part, a first electrode portion that is the electrode portion and is disposed between the vibration portion and the first protection member; and The electronic device according to claim 11 , further comprising a second electrode portion disposed between the vibration portion and the second protection member.

13. Each of the plurality of vibration generators a vibration unit including a plurality of inorganic material portions having piezoelectric properties and an organic material portion having an organic material between the plurality of inorganic material portions; a first electrode portion that is the electrode portion and is disposed on a first surface of the vibration portion; and The electronic device according to claim 1 , further comprising a second electrode portion disposed on a second surface of the vibration portion that is different from the first surface.

14. an inorganic material portion of a vibration generator arranged in an upper layer among the plurality of vibration generators overlaps with an inorganic material portion of a vibration generator arranged in a lower layer among the plurality of vibration generators; and / or The electronic device according to claim 13 , wherein the organic material portion of the vibration generator arranged in the upper layer overlaps the organic material portion of the vibration generator arranged in the lower layer.

15. the adhesive member includes a first adhesive layer and a second adhesive layer; Each of the plurality of vibration generators a plurality of vibration generating units respectively arranged along a first direction and a second direction non-parallel to the first direction; a first protective member that is the protective member and is disposed on each of the first surfaces of the plurality of vibration generating units by the first adhesive layer; and The electronic device according to claim 5 , further comprising a second protective member disposed on the second surface of each of the vibration generating units by the second adhesive layer.

16. The electronic device according to claim 15 , wherein the plurality of vibration generating units are spaced apart from one another with intervals therebetween and electrically isolated from one another.

17. 17. The electronic device of claim 16, wherein the spacing is between 0.1 mm and 3 cm.

18. The electronic device according to claim 15 , wherein the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer are bonded to each other so as to surround the plurality of vibration generating units.

19. Each of the plurality of vibration generating units is Vibration part, a first electrode portion that is the electrode portion and is disposed on a first surface of the vibration portion; and The electronic device according to claim 15 , further comprising a second electrode portion disposed on a second surface different from the first surface of the vibration portion.

20. The vibration unit is a plurality of inorganic material portions; and The electronic device of claim 19 , further comprising an organic material portion between the plurality of inorganic material portions.

21. an inorganic material portion of a vibration generator arranged in an upper layer among the plurality of vibration generators overlaps with an inorganic material portion of a vibration generator arranged in a lower layer among the plurality of vibration generators; The electronic device according to claim 20 , wherein the organic material portion of the vibration generator arranged in the upper layer overlaps the organic material portion of the vibration generator arranged in the lower layer.

22. Each of the plurality of vibration generators Vibration part, a first electrode portion that is the electrode portion and is disposed on a first surface of the vibration portion; and a second electrode portion disposed on a second surface different from the first surface of the vibration portion; The electronic device according to claim 1 , wherein the first electrode portion of each of the plurality of vibration generators is disposed closer to the display panel than the second electrode portion.

23. further comprising a vibration drive circuit having a plurality of amplifiers coupled to each of the plurality of vibration generators; the plurality of vibration generators includes a first group and a second group; the plurality of amplifiers includes a first amplifier group and a second amplifier group; the amplifiers of the first amplifier group include first output terminals connected to first electrode units of the vibration generators of the first group and second output terminals connected to second electrode units of the vibration generators of the first group; 23. The electronic device of claim 22, wherein the amplifiers of the second amplifier group include first output terminals coupled to second electrode portions of the vibration generators of the second group and second output terminals coupled to first electrode portions of the vibration generators of the second group.

24. Each of the plurality of vibration generators Vibration part, a first electrode portion that is the electrode portion and is disposed on a first surface of the vibration portion; and a second electrode portion disposed on a second surface different from the first surface of the vibration portion; the plurality of vibration generators includes a first group and a second group; In the vibration generators of the first group, the first electrode portion is disposed closer to the display panel than the second electrode portion, The electronic device according to claim 1 , wherein in the second group of vibration generators, the second electrode portion is arranged closer to the display panel than the first electrode portion.

25. further comprising a vibration drive circuit having a plurality of amplifiers coupled to each of the plurality of vibration generators; Each of the plurality of amplifiers a first output terminal coupled to a first electrode portion of a corresponding one of the plurality of vibration generators; and The electronic device according to claim 24 , further comprising a second output terminal coupled to a second electrode portion of a corresponding one of the plurality of vibration generators.

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