Building with underground shelter

Abstract

To provide a building with an underground shelter which enables people to easily escape to the ground after taking emergency refuge in the underground shelter in the event of a disaster.SOLUTION: A building 1 with an underground shelter includes an underground shelter room 2 constructed underground of a reinforced concrete structure, an above-ground portion 3 constructed on top of the underground shelter room 2 of a reinforced concrete structure, a staircase room 4 of a reinforced concrete structure separated from the underground shelter room 2 by a first pressure-resistant door 6, the staircase room 4 having a staircase 40 for ascending and descending between the underground shelter room 2 and the above-ground portion 3, and an escape tower 5 of a reinforced concrete structure with an open-air structure from the underground portion to the above-ground portion, separated from the underground shelter room 2 by a second pressure-resistant door 7, the escape tower 5 having an escape exit 56 in the above-ground portion.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a building with an underground shelter, in which an underground shelter and a building are integrated. [Background technology]

[0002] Given the current international situation, interest in nuclear shelters, which protect people from nuclear attacks and radioactive contamination, is growing. However, the penetration rate of nuclear shelters in Japan is extremely low at 0.02%. In addition, as described in Patent Document 1, for example, evacuation shelters for water disasters, such as tsunamis and floods, have also been proposed.

[0003] The evacuation shelter for flood disasters described in Patent Document 1 comprises an underground shelter room with a floor and walls constructed underground using reinforced concrete, a staircase leading from the floor of the underground shelter room to the ground, and a staircase room with walls and a canopy constructed above ground using reinforced concrete to surround the top of the stairs, the staircase room having an entrance to the outside, and part of the wall of the staircase being a corrugated wall that is V-shaped in plan view with a protruding central section.

[0004] In this conventional evacuation shelter for flood disasters, part of the wall of the stairwell is a corrugated wall that is V-shaped in plan view with a protruding center. This means that even if a tsunami hits and the houses on the ground are washed away, the reinforced concrete stairwell will remain, leaving the underground shelter room underground, making it possible to escape damage. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Utility Model Registration No. 3171235 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] However, in the above-mentioned conventional evacuation shelters for flood disasters, people must always climb the stairs in the stairwell when escaping from the underground shelter room to the ground, and there is a problem that if the entrance to the outside of the stairwell is blocked by rubble, it becomes difficult to escape.

[0007] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a building with an underground shelter that allows people to easily escape to the ground after emergency evacuation to the underground shelter in the event of a disaster. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] The building with an underground shelter of the present invention comprises an underground shelter room constructed underground using reinforced concrete, an above-ground section constructed above the underground shelter room using reinforced concrete, a stairwell of reinforced concrete separated from the underground shelter room by a first pressure-resistant door and having stairs for ascending and descending between the underground shelter room and the above-ground section, and a tower of reinforced concrete with an open atrium structure extending from the underground section to the above-ground section and separated from the underground shelter room by a second pressure-resistant door, the tower having an entrance and exit on the above-ground section.

[0009] According to the building with underground shelter of the present invention, in the event of a disaster, emergency evacuation is possible by descending the stairs of the stairwell from the above-ground part of the building, opening the first pressure door to enter the underground shelter room, and closing the first pressure door. On the other hand, if it is not possible to escape to the ground level from the stairwell, it is possible to open the second pressure door from the underground shelter room to enter the tower, climb the tower with an open atrium structure from underground to above ground, and exit from an entrance on the ground level.

[0010] Furthermore, the building with an underground shelter of the present invention can be configured to have a spiral staircase inside the tower that leads from the underground section to the ground level, and a slide installed on the outer or inner periphery of the spiral staircase. This allows emergency evacuation in the event of a disaster by sliding down from the ground level to the underground section using the slide, opening the second pressure-resistant door to enter the underground shelter room, and closing the second pressure-resistant door. The spiral staircase can also be used during evacuation and escape.

[0011] It is also desirable to have a pipe shaft inside the tower that houses the supply and exhaust pipes for the underground shelter room. In this way, in the event of a water disaster such as a tsunami or flood, the supply and exhaust pipes for the underground shelter room will be protected by the pipe shaft located inside the reinforced concrete tower with an open atrium structure that extends from the underground section to the aboveground section.

[0012] The pipe shaft is preferably located in a corner of the tower, so that the pipe shaft can be formed by utilizing the empty space in the corner that is created by installing the spiral staircase and slide inside the tower.

[0013] Here, it is desirable that the inner surface of the underground shelter room is coated with a silver ion photocatalyst, which can decompose and remove viruses, mold, bad odors, etc. inside the underground shelter room.

[0014] It is also desirable that at least the outer surface of the reinforced concrete structure be coated with polyurea. Polyurea is a resin compound based on urea bonds, which are produced by the chemical reaction of isocyanate and polyamine. It exhibits extremely high waterproofing, chemical resistance, abrasion resistance, heat resistance, and corrosion resistance, and its strength and flexibility can dramatically increase the strength of the reinforced concrete structure. [Effects of the Invention]

[0015] (1) A building with an underground shelter, which comprises an underground shelter room constructed underground with reinforced concrete, an above-ground section constructed above the underground shelter room with reinforced concrete, a staircase room of reinforced concrete separated from the underground shelter room by a first pressure door and having stairs for ascending and descending between the underground shelter room and the above-ground section, and a reinforced concrete tower with an open atrium structure from the underground section to the above-ground section and separated from the underground shelter room by a second pressure door, and having an entrance and exit on the above-ground section, allows emergency evacuation directly from the above-ground section of the building to the underground shelter room in the event of a disaster such as a missile attack, nuclear power plant accident, or typhoon, and even if it is not possible to escape to the ground from the staircase, it is possible to open the second pressure door from the underground shelter room and easily escape to the ground through the tower.

[0016] (2) The tower is configured with a spiral staircase leading from the underground section to the ground level and a slide installed on the outer periphery of the spiral staircase. In the event of a disaster, people can slide down the slide from the ground level to the underground section, open the second pressure-resistant door to enter the underground shelter room, and close the second pressure-resistant door for emergency evacuation. This allows even elderly people with mobility issues or injured people to evacuate quickly.

[0017] (3) By having a pipe shaft with built-in pipes for supplying and exhausting air to the underground shelter room inside the tower, it is possible to supply and exhaust air to the underground shelter room even in the event of a water disaster such as a tsunami or flood.

[0018] (4) By installing the pipe shaft at the corner of the tower, it is possible to effectively utilize the empty space at the corner that is created by installing the spiral staircase and slide inside the tower.

[0019] (5) The inner surface of the underground shelter is coated with a silver ion photocatalyst, which can decompose and remove viruses, mold, and bad odors inside the underground shelter, and is expected to have antiviral, antibacterial, anti-mold, and deodorizing effects.

[0020] (6) By coating at least the outer surface of a reinforced concrete structure with polyurea, the strength of the reinforced concrete structure can be dramatically increased, allowing the concrete cover thickness to be reduced. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0021] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic diagram of a building with an underground shelter according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing another example of a building with an underground shelter. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a plan view of FIG. 2. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is a side view showing an example of a spiral staircase and slide. [Figure 5] This is a plan view of the first basement floor showing another embodiment of a building with an underground shelter of the present invention. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a portion of the first floor of the building with underground shelter in FIG. 5. [Figure 7] FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a portion of the second floor above ground of the building with underground shelter of FIG. 5. [Figure 8] FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the pigeon coop area of ​​the building with underground shelter shown in FIG. 5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0022] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a building with an underground shelter according to an embodiment of the present invention. In Figure 1, a building 1 with an underground shelter in an embodiment of the present invention comprises an underground shelter room 2 constructed underground, an above-ground section 3 constructed above the underground shelter room 2, a staircase room 4 having a staircase 40 for ascending and descending between the underground shelter room 2 and the above-ground section 3, and an escape tower 5 for escaping from the underground shelter room 2 to the ground.

[0023] The underground shelter room 2, above-ground section 3, staircase room 4, and escape tower 5 are integrally formed with a reinforced concrete (RC) structure. The inner and outer surfaces of the walls, floors, and ceilings of the underground shelter room 2, above-ground section 3, staircase room 4, and escape tower 5 are coated with polyurea. Polyurea is a resin compound based on urea bonds, which is produced by the chemical reaction of isocyanate and polyamine.

[0024] The underground shelter room 2 has a floor 20 and walls 21, 22, 23, and 24. A first pressure-resistant door 6 is provided on the wall 21 separating the underground shelter room 2 from the stairwell 4, for allowing entry and exit from the stairwell 4 to the underground shelter room 2. The first pressure-resistant door 6 is sturdy enough to withstand the wind pressure and impact of an explosion. The underground shelter room 2 is completely separated from the stairwell 4 by closing the first pressure-resistant door 6.

[0025] The above-ground section 3 is constructed above the underground shelter room 2. The above-ground section 3 has a floor 30 and walls 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, and 36. The floor 30 of the above-ground section 3 also serves as the ceiling of the underground shelter room 2. An opening 37 is formed in the floor 30 to provide access to the stairs 40 of the staircase room 4.

[0026] The escape tower 5 is constructed on the side of the underground shelter room 2 and the above-ground section 3. The escape tower 5 is surrounded by a floor 50, walls 51, 52, 53, 54, and a ceiling 55. Although the escape tower 5 is shown with the underground and above-ground sections separated in Figure 1, it is actually a tower with an open-ceiling structure that integrates the underground and above-ground sections. An escape exit 56 is provided in the above-ground section of the escape tower 5 as an entrance and exit. The escape exit 56 can also be provided on the inside of the room. A ladder 57 is provided on the inner surface of the wall 54 of the escape tower 5 for ascending from the underground section to the escape exit 56 in the above-ground section.

[0027] In this embodiment, the above-ground portion of wall 51 also serves as wall 35 of above-ground portion 3, and the above-ground portion of wall 52 also serves as wall 34 of above-ground portion 3. The underground portion of wall 52 also serves as wall 24 of underground shelter room 2.

[0028] Furthermore, to achieve explosion-proof, earthquake-resistant, and waterproof specifications, the thickness of each of the walls 21-24, 31-36, 51-54 is 40 cm. The floors 20 and 30 are pressure-resistant slabs with a thickness (not shown) of 40-70 cm. In this embodiment, the inner and outer surfaces (at least the outer surfaces) of the underground shelter room 2, above-ground section 3, staircase 4, and escape tower 5, i.e., the floors 20, 30, 50 and walls 21-24, 31-36, 51-54, etc., are coated with polyurethane, which dramatically increases their strength, making it possible to reduce the concrete cover thickness of these concrete structures.

[0029] A second pressure door 7 is provided on the wall 24 separating the underground shelter room 2 from the escape tower 5 for entering and exiting from the underground shelter room 2 to the escape tower 5. The second pressure door 7 is robust enough to withstand the wind pressure and impact of an explosion. The underground shelter room 2 is completely separated from the escape tower 5 by closing the second pressure door 7.

[0030] The inner surface of the underground shelter room 2 is coated with a silver ion photocatalyst. If the inner surface of the underground shelter room 2 is coated with polyurea, the silver ion photocatalyst is coated on top of this polyurea. The silver ion photocatalyst coated on the inner surface of the underground shelter room 2 can decompose and remove viruses, E. coli, salmonella, mold, etc. within the underground shelter room 2.

[0031] Underground shelter room 2 is equipped with an air purifier with a special filter that blocks 99.995% of chemical weapons (sarin, VX gas, etc.), biological weapons (anthrax, etc.), radioactive materials, and nuclear weapons. This air purifier pumps air into the room, increasing the air pressure inside and maintaining a positive pressure state, so air flows only one way from inside to outside, preventing air from entering from outside. In addition, the first and second pressure-resistant doors 6, 7 are made of a combination of metal and concrete. In order to enable the special filter to function, the first and second pressure-resistant doors 6, 7 are designed to be positive pressure compatible, preventing the intrusion of toxic gases and water.

[0032] Underground shelter room 2 is equipped with spring water, sewage, and flood pits (kiln sites). Each pit (kiln site) is also equipped with a pump-up (drainage) treatment system, making it possible to deal with spring water, sewage, and flooding. Underground shelter room 2 is also equipped with batteries or portable power sources in case of a power outage. The air purifier with the special filter can also be operated manually.

[0033] Additionally, underground shelter room 2 is equipped with a stockpile of food, water, and daily necessities, as people will be forced to evacuate for two weeks in the event of an emergency. Underground shelter room 2 is also equipped with a toilet that can be used as a regular toilet in normal times. In the event of an emergency, this toilet can be used as a makeshift toilet by using a plastic bag and coagulant. Plastic bags and coagulant can be stored on the stockpile.

[0034] According to the building with underground shelter 1 of this embodiment, in the event of a disaster such as a missile attack, nuclear accident, or typhoon, emergency evacuation is possible by descending the stairs 40 of the stairwell 4 from the above-ground section 3, opening the first pressure-resistant door 6 to enter the underground shelter room 2, and then closing the first pressure-resistant door 6. This underground shelter room 2 is equipped with an air purifier with a special filter, which blocks 99.995% of chemical weapons (sarin, VX gas, etc.), biological weapons (anthrax, etc.), radioactive materials, nuclear weapons, etc., making it safe.

[0035] In addition, underground shelter room 2 has shelves where food, water, and daily necessities can be stored, and it is also equipped with toilets, so even if people are forced to evacuate for two weeks, they will be able to live there without having to go above ground.

[0036] In addition, the inner surface of the underground shelter room 2 is coated with a silver ion photocatalyst, which can decompose and remove viruses, mold, bad odors, etc. within the underground shelter room 2, thereby maintaining antiviral, antibacterial, anti-mold and deodorizing effects.

[0037] On the other hand, when escaping from the underground shelter room 2 to the ground, one opens the first pressure door 6 and climbs the stairs 40 in the stairwell 4 to reach the above-ground section 3. If one is unable to escape to the ground from the stairwell 4, one opens the second pressure door 7 from the underground shelter room 2 and enters the escape tower 5. The escape tower 5 has an open concrete structure that extends from underground to above ground, and one can climb the ladder 57 in this escape tower 5 to exit through an escape exit 56 on the ground.

[0038] In the above embodiment, an example was described in which the occupant descends the stairs 40 in the stairwell 4 to enter the underground shelter room 2, but it is also possible to enter the escape tower 5 from the escape exit 56 and then descend the ladder 57 to enter the underground shelter room 2.

[0039] Also, instead of the escape tower 5, it is possible to configure a tower 8 having a spiral staircase 80 and a slide 81 as shown in Figures 2 to 4. Figure 2 is a perspective view showing another example of a building with an underground shelter, Figure 3 is a plan view, and Figure 4 is a side view showing an example of the spiral staircase 80 and the slide 81.

[0040] Like escape tower 5, tower 8 has an open-ceiling structure that extends from the underground to the aboveground area. Spiral staircase 80 is a spiral staircase centered on a support pillar 82 erected inside tower 8. Spiral staircase 80 leads from the underground area to the aboveground area. Slide 81 is also provided spirally around the outer periphery of spiral staircase 80.

[0041] As a result, in the event of a disaster, it is possible to perform emergency evacuation by using the slide 81 to slide down from the above-ground section to the underground section, opening the second pressure-resistant door 7 to enter the underground shelter room 2, and then closing the second pressure-resistant door 7. Therefore, even elderly people or injured people with disabilities who have difficulty evacuating quickly using the stairs 40 or spiral staircase 80 in an emergency can quickly evacuate using the slide 81. The spiral staircase 80 can also be used during evacuation and escape.

[0042] Next, another embodiment of a building with an underground shelter of the present invention will be described. Fig. 5 is a plan view of the first basement floor showing another embodiment of a building with an underground shelter of the present invention, Fig. 6 is a plan view showing a part of the first floor above ground, Fig. 7 is a plan view showing a part of the second floor above ground, and Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the area around the dovecot. In Figs. 5 to 8, components that are common to those described above are given the same reference numerals, and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted.

[0043] The building 10 with an underground shelter shown in Figures 5 to 8 includes an evacuation room 11 consisting of a tower made of reinforced concrete with an open atrium structure extending from the underground section to the ground, and underground shelter rooms 2A and 2B similar to the above-mentioned underground shelter room 2. The underground shelter rooms 2A and 2B are equipped with a portable toilet 90, a storage shelf 91, a storage battery 92, etc.

[0044] As shown in Fig. 5, the first pressure door 6 is provided on the wall 21 separating the underground shelter room 2A from the staircase room 4. The second pressure door 7 is provided on the wall 25 separating the underground shelter room 2B from the evacuation room 11. In addition, a pressure door 9A is also provided on the wall 26 separating the underground shelter room 2A from the underground shelter room 2B.

[0045] A spiral staircase 80A and a slide 81A provided on the inner periphery of the spiral staircase 80A are provided inside the evacuation room 11. The evacuation room 11 is rectangular in plan view. By providing the spiral staircase 80A inside this rectangular evacuation room 11 in plan view, open spaces are formed at each of the four corners inside the evacuation room 11.

[0046] Therefore, in this embodiment, a pipe shaft 12 is provided in the empty space at one of the four corners of the evacuation room 11. Inside the pipe shaft 12, an air supply pipe 13A and an exhaust pipe 13B are provided as air supply and exhaust pipes for the underground shelter rooms 2A and 2B.

[0047] Furthermore, an escape staircase 14 is provided within the evacuation room 11. An entrance 14A for the escape staircase 14 is provided in another empty space at one of the four corners within the evacuation room 11. A spring water pit 15 is provided in another empty space.

[0048] As shown in Figure 6, an escape exit 16 is provided as an entrance and exit on the first floor, which is the above-ground portion of the evacuation room 11. Escape stairs 14 lead to the escape exit 16. A pressure-resistant door 9B is provided at the escape exit 16. In addition, a front room 60 made of reinforced concrete is provided outside the escape exit 16. A waterproof door 61 is provided at the entrance between the front room 60 and the outside.

[0049] An entrance / exit 17A to the evacuation room 11 is also provided on the first floor of the building 10 with an underground shelter. A pressure-resistant door 9C is provided at the entrance / exit 17A. A landing 18A is provided in front of the entrance / exit 17A inside the evacuation room 11. In the event of a disaster, people can descend from the landing 18A on the first floor to the underground portion using a spiral staircase 80A or a slide 81A and enter the underground shelter rooms 2A and 2B.

[0050] As shown in Figure 7, an entrance 17B to the evacuation room 11 is also provided on the second floor of the building 10 with an underground shelter. A pressure-resistant door 9D is provided at the entrance 17B. A landing 18B is provided in front of the entrance 17B within the evacuation room 11. In the event of a disaster, people can descend from this second-floor landing 18B to the underground area using a spiral staircase 80A or slide 81A and enter the underground shelter rooms 2A and 2B.

[0051] As shown in Figure 8, a pigeon coop 19 made of reinforced concrete is provided on the roof of the building 10 with an underground shelter, covering the intake and exhaust ports of the air intake pipe 13A and the exhaust pipe 13B that run through the pipe shaft 12. The pigeon coop 19 protects the intake and exhaust ports of the air intake pipe 13A and the exhaust pipe 13B.

[0052] In the building 10 with underground shelter having the above-mentioned configuration, the evacuation room 11 has an open-air structure from the underground part to the aboveground part, and is made of reinforced concrete. Inside the evacuation room 11, there is a pipe shaft 12 that has built-in air supply piping 13A and exhaust piping 13B for the underground shelter rooms 2A, 2B. Therefore, even in the event of a water disaster such as a tsunami or flood, it is possible to supply and exhaust air to and from the underground shelter rooms 2A, 2B up to the height of the pigeon coop 19.

[0053] Furthermore, the building 10 with underground shelter is made of reinforced concrete, and pressure doors 6, 9B, 9C, and 9D prevent water from entering up to the height of the pigeon coop 19, so there is no risk of the storage battery 92 being submerged. [Industrial Applicability]

[0054] The present invention is useful as a building with an underground shelter that allows for easy emergency evacuation from the above-ground portion of the building directly to the underground shelter room in the event of a disaster such as a missile attack, nuclear power plant accident, or typhoon, and is particularly suitable as a building with an underground shelter that allows for easy escape to the ground after emergency evacuation to the underground shelter in the event of a disaster. [Explanation of symbols]

[0055] 1,10 Buildings 2, 2A, 2B Underground Shelter Rooms 3 Aboveground parts 4 Staircase 5. Escape Tower 6,7,9A,9B,9C,9D Pressure-resistant doors 8 towers 11 Evacuation room 12 Pipe shaft 13A Air supply pipe 13B Exhaust piping 14 Escape Stairs 15 Spring Pit 16 Escape Exit 17A,17B entrance / exit 18A,18B Landing 19 Pigeon coop 37 Opening 40 stairs 56 Escape Exit 57 Ladder 60 Front room 61 Watertight Door 80,80A spiral staircase 81,81A slide 90 Portable Toilet 91 Stockpile Shelf 92 Storage battery

Claims

1. An underground shelter room constructed underground with a reinforced concrete structure, an above-ground portion constructed above the underground shelter room using a reinforced concrete structure; a stairwell of reinforced concrete structure separated from the underground shelter room by a first pressure door, the stairwell having stairs for ascending and descending between the underground shelter room and the aboveground part; A tower made of reinforced concrete with an open atrium structure from the underground section to the ground section, separated from the underground shelter room by a second pressure door, and having an entrance on the ground section. Equipped with A building with an underground shelter having a pipe shaft inside the tower that contains air supply and exhaust pipes for the underground shelter room.

2. 2. A building with an underground shelter according to claim 1, further comprising a spiral staircase within the tower leading from the underground portion to the ground portion, and a slide provided on the outer or inner periphery of the spiral staircase.

3. 2. The building with an underground shelter according to claim 1, wherein the pipe shaft is provided at a corner within the tower.

4. A building with an underground shelter as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the inner surface of the underground shelter room is coated with a silver ion photocatalyst.

5. 4. A building with an underground shelter as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein at least the outer surface of the reinforced concrete structure is coated with polyurea.

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