Sun visor mounting device

Abstract

To provide a sun visor attaching device in which a metal clip can be easily attached to and detached from a bracket supporting a sun visor.SOLUTION: A sun visor attaching device 10 includes a bracket 20, a metal clip 50, and a pin member 70. The metal clip 50 includes a base plate 51, a pair of flange parts 53, 53, and a pair of elastic engagement pieces 55, 55. The bracket 20 includes a base part 21. The base plate 51 is provided with a support part 23 and a clip mounting part 30. The clip mounting part 30 includes a pedestal part 31 and a pair of flange pressing parts 35, 35. When the base plate 51 slides with respect to the pedestal part 31, the metal clip 50 is mounted to the clip mounting part 30. The clip mounting part 30 includes an elastic drop-off prevention claw part 40 and a slide regulation part 45.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a sun visor mounting device for mounting a sun visor to a mounting base. [Background technology]

[0002] For example, a sun visor is attached to the driver's seat or passenger seat of a vehicle so that it can rotate via a shaft. In this case, a bracket that can support the sun visor shaft is attached to a mounting member such as the ceiling wall of the driver's seat or passenger seat via a clip.

[0003] For example, Patent Document 1 listed below describes a clip mounting structure that has a seat portion on one side and a panel locking portion that engages with a panel member on the other side, and that fixes the seat portion to an assembly member.

[0004] The mounting member has a clip holder integrally formed with the mounting stem. The clip holder has a base wall with a locking projection and a pair of side walls extending from the base wall in a generally L-shaped frame. One side of the locking projection is an inclined surface inclined toward the surface of the base wall, and the other side is an locking surface perpendicular to the surface of the base wall. The clip has a panel locking portion and a plate-shaped seat portion connected to the panel locking portion. A locking claw is provided on the back side of the seat portion to lock onto the locking projection of the clip holder.

[0005] When the seat of the clip is inserted between a pair of side walls of the clip holder, the locking claw presses against the inclined surface of the locking protrusion, bending the base wall and pushing the clip in (see Figure 4 of Patent Document 1).When the locking claw overcomes the top of the locking protrusion and reaches the locking surface, the base wall elastically returns to its original position, and the locking claw and locking surface lock together (see Figure 5 of Patent Document 1), allowing the clip to be attached to the clip holder. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-343526 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] However, for reasons such as maintenance or part replacement, it may be necessary to remove the clip from the bracket that supports the sun visor shaft.

[0008] However, in the structure described in Patent Document 1, even if an attempt is made to pull out the seat from the clip holder when the clip is attached to the clip holder, the locking claw hits the locking surface of the locking protrusion, making it impossible to pull out the clip any further.Furthermore, since the locking protrusion is a rigid body and cannot bend or deform itself, it is difficult to remove the clip from the clip holder.

[0009] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a sun visor mounting device that allows a metal clip to be easily attached and detached from a bracket that supports a sun visor. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a sun visor mounting device for mounting a sun visor to a workpiece, the device comprising: a bracket that is mounted on the workpiece to support the sun visor; a metal clip that is attached to the bracket; and a pin member that is assembled to the bracket. The metal clip has a base plate having a clip-side insertion hole through which the pin member is inserted, a pair of flanges extending from the base plate, and a pair of elastically deformable resilient engagement pieces that stand upright from the base plate and engage with clip mounting holes formed in the workpiece. The bracket has a base portion that is located on the front side of the workpiece, and the base portion is provided with a support portion that supports a shaft extending from the sun visor body, and a clip mounting portion for mounting the metal clip. The clip mounting portion supports the base plate and has a bracket-side insertion hole through which the pin member is inserted, and is provided on both sides of the base portion to press the pair of flanges and move the metal clip forward relative to the base portion. and a pair of flange pressing portions that prevent the metal clip from slipping out in the insertion direction of the pin member, and the metal clip is attached to the clip attachment portion by sliding the base plate in a direction perpendicular to the insertion direction of the pin member relative to the base portion and pressing the pair of flange portions with the pair of flange pressing portions, and the clip attachment portion further has an elastic anti-slip claw portion that is elastically deformable and can abut against the side edge portion of the base plate on the opposite side to the sliding direction when the metal clip is attached, thereby preventing the metal clip from slipping out in the opposite side to the sliding direction, and a slide restriction portion that can abut against the side edge portion of the base plate on the sliding direction side when the metal clip is slid, thereby restricting movement of the metal clip in the sliding direction, and the pin member is inserted between the pair of elastic engagement pieces through the bracket-side insertion hole and the clip-side insertion hole, thereby restricting elastic deformation of the pair of elastic engagement pieces toward the inward direction of the clip attachment hole. [Effects of the Invention]

[0011] In the present invention, when attaching the metal clip to the clip attachment portion, the metal clip can be easily attached to the clip attachment portion by simply sliding the base plate of the metal clip relative to the base portion in a direction perpendicular to the insertion direction of the pin member, with the pair of flange pressers pressed by the pair of flange pressers and the side edge of the metal clip opposite the sliding direction secured by the elastic retaining claws. Furthermore, when removing the metal clip from the clip attachment portion, the metal clip can be easily removed from the clip attachment portion by simply sliding the base plate of the metal clip in a direction opposite the sliding direction when the clip was attached, while elastically deforming the elastic retaining claws so as not to abut the side edge of the metal clip opposite the sliding direction. In this way, with this sun visor attachment device, the metal clip can be easily attached to and detached from the clip attachment portion of the bracket. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0012] [Figure 1] 1 is an exploded perspective view showing an embodiment of a sun visor mounting device according to the present invention; [Figure 2] FIG. 4 is a plan view of a bracket that constitutes the sun visor mounting device. [Figure 3] 1A and 1B show a bracket that constitutes the sun visor mounting device, in which FIG. 1A is a front view and FIG. 1B is a side view. [Figure 4] 1A, 1B, and 1C show a metal clip that constitutes the sun visor mounting device, in which FIG. 1A is a plan view, FIG. 1B is a side view, and FIG. 1C is a front view. [Figure 5] FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a process for temporarily holding a metal clip on a bracket. [Figure 6] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a state in which the metal clip is temporarily held by the bracket. [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a state in which the metal clip is temporarily held by the bracket. [Figure 8] FIG. 10 is a front view of the metal clip temporarily held on the bracket. [Figure 9]FIG. 10 is a side view of the metal clip temporarily held on the bracket. [Figure 10] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the bracket attached to the workpiece. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. [Figure 12] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0013] (One embodiment of a sun visor mounting device) DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a sun visor mounting device according to the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings.

[0014] As shown in FIG. 11, this sun visor mounting device 10 is used to mount a sun visor on a mounting member 1 such as a vehicle ceiling panel, and as shown in FIG. 1, it has a bracket 20 that is attached to the mounting member 1 to support the sun visor, a metal clip 50 that is attached to the bracket 20, and a pin member 70 that is assembled to the bracket 20.

[0015] 1, the workpiece 1 is provided with a clip attachment hole 4 in the shape of an elongated hole, and a hook attachment hole 5 formed in a position adjacent to the clip attachment hole 4. Furthermore, as shown in Figures 11 and 12, a cushion member 2 is disposed on the front side of the workpiece 1. This cushion member 2 is formed with a bracket receiving hole 2a that receives a clip attachment portion 30 of the bracket 20, which will be described later, as well as the base end portions of the support portion 23 and hook 25.

[0016] In addition, the "front side" and "surface" of the attachment member 1 refer to the side or surface facing the interior of the vehicle, and the "rear side" and "back surface" of the attachment member 1 refer to the opposite side of the front side or surface (these have the same meanings for the cushion member 2).

[0017] The bracket 20 has a base 21 that is placed on the front side of the workpiece 1, and the base 21 is provided with a support portion 23 that supports the shaft portion 7 of the sun visor and a clip mounting portion 30 for mounting the metal clip 50.

[0018] Meanwhile, the metal clip 50 has a base plate 51 having a clip-side insertion hole 57 through which the pin member 70 is inserted, a pair of flange portions 53 extending from the base plate 51, and a pair of elastically deformable elastic engagement pieces 55 extending upright from the base plate 51 and engaging with a clip attachment hole 4 formed in the workpiece 1. The metal clip 50 is attached to the clip attachment portion 30 as shown in Fig. 6 by sliding the base plate 51 relative to a base portion 31 (described below) of the clip attachment portion 30 of the bracket 20 in a direction perpendicular to the insertion direction of the pin member 70 (see Figs. 1 and 5) (this will be described in detail later). As shown in Fig. 1, the direction in which the base plate 51 is slid relative to the base portion 31, i.e., the sliding direction of the base plate 51 relative to the base portion 31, is referred to as the sliding direction S of the metal clip 50.

[0019] The pin member 70 is made up of a shaft portion 71 having a thread groove 71a formed on its outer periphery, and a circular flange-shaped head portion 73 connected to one axial end portion of the shaft portion 71. As shown in Fig. 11, the pin member 70 is inserted between the pair of elastic engagement pieces 55 through the bracket-side through-hole 32 and the clip-side through-hole 57, and restricts the elastic deformation of the pair of elastic engagement pieces 55, 55 toward the inside of the clip mounting hole 4.

[0020] Next, the bracket 20 will be described in detail.

[0021] The bracket 20 of this embodiment has a base 21 that extends elongately in one direction. An outer peripheral edge 21a of the base 21 abuts against the front peripheral edge of a bracket receiving hole 2a formed in the cushion member 2 (see FIGS. 11 and 12). As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, a circular recessed counterbore 21b is formed on the outer surface (the surface away from the workpiece 1) of the base 21 at a position corresponding to a pedestal 31 (described later). The direction in which the base 21 extends is referred to as the "longitudinal direction X1," and the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction X1 is referred to as the "width direction Y1" (the same applies to the longitudinal direction and width direction of each part of the bracket 20). In this embodiment, the longitudinal direction X1 of the base 21 and the sliding direction S of the metal clip 50 are the same direction.

[0022] The clip attachment portion 30 is provided on one side of the base 21 in the longitudinal direction X1, i.e., on the side of the base 21 opposite to the sliding direction S of the metal clip 50. Meanwhile, the support portion 23 is provided on the other side of the base 21 in the longitudinal direction X1, i.e., on the side of the base 21 on the sliding direction S side of the metal clip 50 (the side facing the sliding direction S). More specifically, the substantially cylindrical support portion 23 stands on the inner surface (the surface facing the attachment target 1) of the other side of the base 21 in the longitudinal direction X1, close to the clip attachment portion 30. The shaft 7 of the sun visor is inserted into this support portion 23, so that the shaft 7 is rotatably supported (see FIG. 11 ).

[0023] A hook 25 extends from a portion adjacent to the support portion 23 on the other side of the base portion 21 in the longitudinal direction X1, away from the clip attachment portion 30, toward the outside of the base portion 21. As shown in FIG. 11 , the hook 25 is adapted to engage with the back side of the hook attachment hole 5.

[0024] The clip attachment part 30 has a base part 31 which supports the base plate 51 of the metal clip 50 and which has a bracket-side insertion hole 32 through which the pin member 70 is inserted, and a pair of flange pressing parts 35, 35 which are provided on both sides of the base part 31 and press the pair of flange parts 53, 53 of the metal clip 50 to prevent the metal clip 50 from slipping out of the base part 31 in the insertion direction F of the pin member 70. Note that the "insertion direction of the pin member" in the present invention means the insertion direction of the pin member 70 with respect to the bracket-side insertion hole 32 and the clip-side insertion hole 57.

[0025] To explain each part in detail, the pedestal portion 31 protrudes from the inner surface of the base portion 21 and is a horizontally long, approximately rectangular pedestal that is short on the longitudinal direction X1 side of the base portion 21 and slightly long on the width direction Y1 side of the base portion 21. A bracket-side insertion hole 32 having a circular hole shape is formed in the center of the pedestal portion 31 in the width direction Y1. This bracket-side insertion hole 32 communicates with a counterbore portion 21b formed in the base portion 21 (see FIGS. 11 and 12), and the shaft portion 71 of the pin member 70 can be inserted into the bracket-side insertion hole 32 from the outer surface side of the base portion 21 via the counterbore portion 21b.

[0026] Furthermore, both side surfaces 31a, 31a of the base portion 31 are parallel to each other and extend along the sliding direction S of the metal clip 50. Also, notches 33, 33 are formed on both sides in the width direction Y1 of the front surface 31b (the surface facing the sliding direction S of the metal clip 50) of the base portion 31. Furthermore, as shown in Figures 1 and 12, the ceiling surface 31c of the base portion 31 (the surface that protrudes highest from the inner surface of the base 21 and faces the surface of the workpiece 1) is formed lower than an outer surface 37a (described later) of the pressing wall 37 of the flange pressing portion 35. The base plate 51 of the metal clip 50 is placed on this ceiling surface 31c to support the metal clip 50.

[0027] In this embodiment, when the bracket 20 is attached to the workpiece 1, as shown in Figure 12, the ceiling surface 31c of the base portion 31 clamps the base plate 51 of the metal clip 50 between itself and the surface of the workpiece 1.

[0028] The pair of flange pressing portions 35, 35 provided on both sides of the base portion 31 are erected parallel to each other from positions on the inner surface of the base 21 at a predetermined distance from both side surfaces 31 a, 31 a of the base portion 31, and are composed of a pair of side walls 36, 36 extending along the sliding direction S of the metal clip 50, and pressing walls 37, 37 bent in directions approaching each other from the leading ends of the pair of side walls 36, 36 in the erecting direction. The pressing walls 37 are bent so as to be perpendicular to the side walls 36, and each flange pressing portion 35 has a substantially L-shaped frame shape.

[0029] Furthermore, the outer surface 37a of the pressing wall 37 (the surface facing the surface of the workpiece 1) protrudes higher from the inner surface of the base 21 than the ceiling surface 31c of the pedestal 31 (see FIG. 12).

[0030] Furthermore, the pair of flange pressing portions 35, 35 are capable of abutting against the surface side of the workpiece 1 (see FIG. 12). In this embodiment, when the bracket 20 is attached to the workpiece 1, the outer surfaces 37a of the pressing walls 37 of each flange pressing portion 35 are configured to abut against the surface of the workpiece 1.

[0031] Then, the substrate 51 is slid relative to the base portion 31 in a direction perpendicular to the insertion direction of the pin member 70, i.e., the substrate 51 is slid relative to the base portion 31 in the direction shown in the sliding direction S in Figure 1, and the pair of flange portions 53, 53 is pressed by the pair of flange pressing portions 35, 35, so that the metal clip 50 is attached to the clip attachment portion 30 (see Figure 6).

[0032] 8, when the metal clip 50 is attached to the clip attachment portion 30, the inner surfaces 37b (the surfaces opposite the outer surfaces 37a) of the retaining walls 37 face and press down (contact) the flange portions 53 of the metal clip 50. That is, the pair of flange pressing portions 35, 35 guide the metal clip 50 when it is slid onto the base portion 31, and also hold the metal clip 50 in place relative to the base portion 31 in the insertion direction F of the pin member 70 (i.e., hold the metal clip 50 in place relative to the base portion 31 so that it does not move further in the insertion direction F of the pin member 70). Movement of the metal clip 50 in the direction opposite to the insertion direction F of the pin member 70 is restricted by the base portion 31 of the bracket 20.

[0033] Furthermore, the clip attachment portion 30 has an elastic anti-slip claw portion 40 that is elastically deformable and, when the metal clip 50 is attached, can abut against a side edge 61a of the substrate 51 on the opposite side to the sliding direction S of the metal clip 50 (side edge 61a of the first abutment portion 61 shown in Figure 4(a)), thereby preventing the metal clip 50 from slipping out in the opposite direction to the sliding direction S, and a slide restriction portion 45 that, when the metal clip 50 is slid, can abut against a side edge 62a of the substrate 51 on the sliding direction S side of the metal clip 50 (side edge 62a of the second abutment portion 62 shown in Figure 4(a)), thereby restricting movement of the metal clip 50 in the sliding direction S.

[0034] More specifically, in this embodiment, a pair of elastic retaining claws 40 are provided in a pair of notches 33 formed in the base 31. Each elastic retaining claw 40 comprises a thin plate-shaped extension piece 41 extending from the front side (the surface facing the sliding direction S of the metal clip 50) of each notch 33, and a protrusion 43 protruding from the tip of the extension piece 41 in the extending direction in a direction (upward) away from the inner surface of the base 21. As shown in FIG. 3(b), the elastic retaining claw 40 is elastically deformable so as to move toward and away from the inner surface of the base 21, with a fixed end (the base end of the extension piece 41) as a fulcrum.

[0035] As shown in Figures 1 and 3(b), one side of the protrusion 43 (the side opposite to the sliding direction S of the metal clip 50) has a tapered surface 43a that is gradually inclined from the tip surface of the protrusion 43 toward the fixed end side of the elastic anti-slip claw portion 40.

[0036] As shown in Figure 5, when the base 51 of the metal clip 50 is inserted at an angle relative to the base portion 31 and then slid in the sliding direction S to attach the metal clip 50 to the clip attachment portion 30, this tapered surface 43a makes it difficult for the side edge portion 62a, etc. of the base 51 of the metal clip 50 on the sliding direction S to come into contact (becomes less likely to interfere) with the protrusion 43 of the elastic anti-slip claw portion 40, thereby improving the ease of attaching the metal clip 50 to the clip attachment portion 30. Furthermore, when attaching the metal clip 50 to the clip attachment portion 30, the base plate 51 of the metal clip 50 is not tilted at a large angle relative to the base portion 31 as shown in Figure 5, but is laid down so that the back surface of the base plate 51 of the metal clip 50 (the surface facing the inner surface of the base 21 of the bracket 20) is close to the inner surface of the base 21, and when the metal clip 50 is slid in the sliding direction S, the side edge portion 62a etc. on the sliding direction S side of the base plate 51 of the metal clip 50 presses against the tapered surface 43a of the protrusion 43, causing the elastic anti-slip claw portion 40 to elastically deform in a direction close to the inner surface of the base 21, making it easier for the pair of flange portions 53, 53 to fit inside the pair of flange pressing portions 35, 35.

[0037] 3(b), an abutment surface 43b is formed on the other side surface of the protrusion 43 (the side surface on the sliding direction S side of the metal clip 50) perpendicular to the extending direction of the extending piece 41. This abutment surface 43b can abut against a side edge portion 61a of the base plate 51 of the metal clip 50 on the opposite side to the sliding direction S, and serves as a part that prevents the metal clip 50 from slipping out on the opposite side to the sliding direction S.

[0038] Furthermore, the slide restricting portion 45 extends along the width direction Y1 of the base 21 from a position adjacent to the support portion 23 at a central position in the longitudinal direction X1 on the inner surface of the base 21. The other side portion in the longitudinal direction X1 of the base portion 31 is connected to a surface of the slide restricting portion 45 at a central portion in the width direction Y1, which is on the opposite side to the sliding direction S of the metal clip 50. The other side portion in the longitudinal direction X1 of each flange pressing portion 35 is connected to a surface of the slide restricting portion 45 on both sides in the width direction Y1, which is on the opposite side to the sliding direction S of the metal clip 50.

[0039] When the base plate 51 of the metal clip 50 is slid in the sliding direction relative to the base portion 31, the side edge portion 62a of the second abutment portion 62 located on the sliding direction S side of the base plate 51 of the metal clip 50 abuts against the slide regulating portion 45, thereby restricting the metal clip 50 from sliding further in the sliding direction S.

[0040] Furthermore, the ceiling surface 45a of the slide restricting portion 45 (the surface that protrudes highest from the inner surface of the base 21 and faces the surface of the workpiece 1) protrudes higher from the inner surface of the base 21 than the ceiling surface 31c of the pedestal portion 31, and is flush with the outer surfaces 37a of the pressing walls 37 of each flange pressing portion 35, with no steps. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 11, when the bracket 20 is attached to the workpiece 1, the ceiling surface 45a of the slide restricting portion 45 comes into contact with the surface of the workpiece 1.

[0041] Next, the metal clip 50 will be described in detail.

[0042] This metal clip 50 is formed by punching or bending a metal plate of a predetermined thickness into a predetermined shape, and as described in paragraph 0018, has a base plate 51, a pair of flange portions 53, 53, and a pair of elastic engagement pieces 55, 55 standing upright from the base plate 51.

[0043] 4, the base plate 51 is shaped like a long plate extending in one direction. When the metal clip 50 is attached to the clip attachment portion 30 of the bracket 20, the base plate 51 is placed on the ceiling surface 31c of the base portion 31, and its surface (one of the thickness directions, which faces the surface of the workpiece 1) is flush with the outer surface 37a of the pressing wall 37 of each flange pressing portion 35 (see FIGS. 8 and 12). Furthermore, the base plate 51 can abut against the surface of the workpiece 1, i.e., the surface of the base plate 51 can abut against the surface of the workpiece 1 (see FIG. 12). The direction in which the base plate 51 extends is referred to as the "longitudinal direction X2," and the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction X2 is referred to as the "width direction Y2" (the same applies to the longitudinal direction and width direction of each portion constituting the metal clip 50). In addition, in this embodiment, the width direction Y2 of the substrate 51 is the same as the longitudinal direction X1 of the base 21 of the bracket 20 and the sliding direction S of the metal clip 50, and the longitudinal direction X2 of the substrate 51 is the same as the width direction Y1 of the base 21 of the bracket 20 (see Figure 1).

[0044] A circular through-hole is formed in the center of the substrate 51 in the longitudinal direction X2 and in the width direction Y2, and a cylindrical tubular portion 56 extends from the peripheral edge of the through-hole. The internal space of the tubular portion 56 and the through-hole formed in the substrate 51 form a clip-side insertion hole 57 through which the shank 71 of the pin member 70 is inserted (see FIG. 4(a)). Furthermore, a thread groove 56a is formed on the inner periphery of the tubular portion 56 and the inner periphery of the through-hole, which threadably engages with a thread groove 71a formed on the outer periphery of the shank 71 of the pin member 70 (see FIGS. 11 and 12).

[0045] The pair of elastic engagement pieces 55, 55 are erected from the substrate 51 so as to face the sliding direction S of the substrate 51 relative to the base portion 31. In this embodiment, the pair of elastic engagement pieces 55, 55 are erected from side edge portions extending along the longitudinal direction X2 on both sides of the substrate 51 in the width direction Y2 so as to face the sliding direction S of the substrate 51 relative to the base portion 31. Furthermore, the pair of elastic engagement pieces 55, 55 are arranged opposite each other so that their elastic deformation direction (direction of bending deformation) is along the sliding direction S of the metal clip 50.

[0046] As shown in Figure 4(c), the pair of elastic engagement pieces 55, 55 are made up of base end portions 58, 58 that stand obliquely outward from the side edges of the base plate 51 so as to diverge slightly from each other, intermediate portions 59, 59 that extend obliquely inward from the tips of the base end portions 58, 58 in the standing direction so as to approach each other, and tip portions 60, 60 that are bent into a substantially U-shape from the tips of the intermediate portions 59, 59 in the extending direction. Also, as shown in Figure 4(b), a window portion 58a is cut out and formed in the middle in the width direction of the base end portion 58, making the entire elastic engagement piece 55 prone to elastic deformation.

[0047] 4(c), the distance W2 between the outer surfaces of the base ends 58 is slightly larger than the width of the short axis side of the elongated clip mounting hole 4. Therefore, when the pair of elastic engagement pieces 55 are inserted into the clip mounting hole 4, the base ends 58 are pressed against the inner periphery of the clip mounting hole 4, and the pair of elastic engagement pieces 55 are inserted into the clip mounting hole 4 while being slightly elastically deformed inward of the clip mounting hole 4, and the base ends 58 are provisionally engaged with the inner periphery of the clip mounting hole 4. As a result, before the pin member 70 is inserted into the bracket-side through-hole 32 and the clip-side through-hole 57, the bracket 20 can be provisionally held in the clip mounting hole 4 via the metal clip 50.

[0048] As shown in FIG. 4( c), the distance W1 between the opposing surfaces (inner surfaces) of the pair of tip ends 60 is smaller than the outer diameter of the shank 71 of the pin member 70. Therefore, when the shank 71 of the pin member 70 is inserted between the pair of tip ends 60, the tip ends 60 are pressed by the shank 71, and the pair of elastic engagement pieces 55 are elastically deformed so as to be pushed apart, as shown in FIG. 11. As a result, the base ends 58 are spread apart, and these base ends 58 engage with the inner periphery of the clip attachment hole 4, thereby attaching the bracket 20 to the clip attachment hole 4 via the metal clip 50. In this state, the shank 71 of the pin member 70 is inserted between the pair of elastic engagement pieces 55, so that elastic deformation of the pair of elastic engagement pieces 55 toward the inside of the clip attachment hole 4 is restricted. In this state, each of the elastic engagement pieces 55 elastically returns to its original position, so that the pair of tip ends 60, 60 clamp the shaft portion 71 of the pin member 70 therebetween.

[0049] In addition, the substrate 51 of the metal clip 50 further has a first abutment portion 61 that protrudes further than the base ends 58, 58 of the pair of elastic engagement pieces 55, 55 in the vertical direction toward the opposite side of the sliding direction S of the substrate 51 relative to the base portion 31 and is capable of abutting against the elastic anti-slip claw portion 40, and a second abutment portion 62 that protrudes further than the base ends 58, 58 of the pair of elastic engagement pieces 55, 55 in the vertical direction toward the sliding direction S of the substrate 51 relative to the base portion 31 and is capable of abutting against the slide regulating portion 45.

[0050] As shown in FIG. 4(a), a pair of first contact portions 61, 61 protrude from one side of the substrate 51 in the width direction Y2, i.e., one side opposite the sliding direction S of the metal clip 50, on both sides of the substrate 51 in the longitudinal direction X2, toward the opposite side of the sliding direction S beyond the base end portion 58 of the elastic engagement piece 55. Also as shown in FIG. 4(a), a pair of second contact portions 62, 62 protrude from the other side of the substrate 51 in the width direction Y2, i.e., the other side of the metal clip 50 on the sliding direction S side, on both sides of the substrate 51 in the longitudinal direction X2, toward the sliding direction S beyond the base end portion 58 of the elastic engagement piece 55. It can also be said that the first contact portion 61 and the second contact portion 62 are arranged on both sides of the substrate 51 in the width direction Y2 so as to be aligned in the longitudinal direction X2 (see FIG. 4(a)).

[0051] 7, a side edge 61a of the first contact portion 61 can come into contact with a contact surface 43b of the protrusion 43 of the elastic retaining claw 40 provided on the clip attachment portion 30, thereby preventing the metal clip 50 from slipping out in the opposite direction to the sliding direction S. Also, as shown in FIG. 7, a side edge 62a of the second contact portion 62 can come into contact with a slide restricting portion 45 provided on the clip attachment portion 30, thereby restricting sliding movement of the metal clip 50 in the sliding direction S. Note that the maximum width W3 of the metal clip 50 in the width direction Y2 (the length between the side edge 61a of the first contact portion 61 and the side edge 62a of the second contact portion 62; see FIG. 4(a)) is smaller than the clip receiving width W4 of the clip attachment portion 30 (the length between the contact surface 43b of the protrusion 43 of the elastic retaining claw 40 and the slide restricting portion 45; see FIG. 2). As a result, when the metal clip 50 is attached to the clip attachment portion 30, as shown in Figure 7, a gap is created between the side edge portion 61a of the first abutment portion 61 and the abutment surface 43b of the protrusion 43, and a gap is also created between the side edge portion 62a of the second abutment portion 62 and the slide regulating portion 45.

[0052] Also, as shown in Figure 7(b), the pair of flange portions 53, 53 extend from the substrate 51 via a step 63 at a position closer to the base 21 than the pedestal portion 31, and are configured to fit inside the pair of flange pressing portions 35, 35, as shown in Figures 8 and 12.

[0053] More specifically, as shown in Figures 4(a) and (b), each flange portion 53 is located on the side of the substrate 51 in the longitudinal direction X2, and has a shape that extends outward in the longitudinal direction X2 of the substrate 51 from a position closer to the base 21 of the bracket 20 than the pedestal portion 31 with respect to the substrate 51, via a step 63 consisting of a mountain fold portion 63a located at the same height as the substrate 51, an inclined portion 63b that slopes diagonally outward toward the base 21 of the bracket 20 via the mountain fold portion 63a, and a valley fold portion 63c located at the tip of the inclined portion 63b in the extending direction.

[0054] 8 and 12 , when the metal clip 50 is attached to the clip attachment portion 30 of the bracket 20 and the substrate 51 is placed on the ceiling surface 31c of the base portion 31, each flange portion 53 abuts against and engages with the inner surface 37b of the attachment wall 37 of each flange attachment portion 35. Furthermore, when the metal clip 50 is slid along the sliding direction S on the base portion 31 to attach the metal clip 50 to the clip attachment portion 30, each flange portion 53 comes into sliding contact with the inner surface 37b of the attachment wall 37 of each flange attachment portion 35, and serves as a guide for the sliding movement of the metal clip 50.

[0055] Furthermore, as shown in Figures 8 and 12, the inclined portion 63b of the step 63 is arranged opposite the side surface 37c of the pressing wall 37 of each flange pressing portion 35, so that when the metal clip 50 is slid onto the base portion 31 or when the metal clip 50 is attached to the clip attachment portion 30, the metal clip 50 is less likely to shift sideways relative to the base portion 31, and a stable posture is maintained.

[0056] In addition, the step 63 and both side edges of the flange portion 53 in the width direction Y2 protrude in the opposite direction to the sliding direction S and toward the sliding direction S, similar to the side edges of the first abutment portion 61 and the second abutment portion 62, and form continuous side edges without any steps relative to the side edge portion 61a of the first abutment portion 61 and the side edge portion 62a of the second abutment portion 62.

[0057] All of the components of the metal clip 50 described above, namely, the base plate 51, flange portion 53, elastic engagement piece 55, tubular portion 56, first abutment portion 61, second abutment portion 62, etc., are integrally formed.

[0058] (Variation) The shapes and structures of the bracket, metal clip, pin member, and each part of the bracket (base, support, clip mounting part, hook, etc.), each part of the clip mounting part (base, flange pressing part, elastic anti-slip claw part, slide regulating part, etc.), and each part of the metal clip (substrate, flange part, elastic engagement piece, first abutment part, second abutment part, etc.) are not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0059] The base 21 of the bracket 20 has a shape that is elongated in the sliding direction S of the metal clip 50, but may also have, for example, a substantially rectangular or elliptical plate shape. Furthermore, the pair of flange retaining portions 35, 35 have a substantially L-frame shape, but the pair of flange retaining portions may have a shape that extends obliquely to form a substantially V-shape when viewed from the front side (when viewed from the sliding direction side). Furthermore, the elastic retaining claw portion 40 has the protrusion 43 that protrudes upward from the tip of the extension piece 41, but the protrusion may also protrude in a direction (downward) that approaches the inner surface of the base.

[0060] Furthermore, although the metal clip 50 has a long plate-shaped substrate 51, the substrate may be, for example, square or elliptical. Furthermore, although thread grooves 56a are formed on the inner periphery of the cylindrical portion 56 and the inner periphery of the through-hole, the shank of the pin member may be a tapping screw without forming thread grooves. The pair of elastic engagement pieces may extend obliquely in a generally V-shape, as long as they can engage with the inner periphery of the clip attachment hole. Furthermore, although the flange portion 53 extends via one step 63, the flange portion may extend via two or more steps. Furthermore, the first and second contact portions 61 and 62 are provided on both sides of the substrate 51 in the width direction Y2 and aligned in the longitudinal direction X2. However, the first and second contact portions may be provided at offset positions on both sides of the substrate in the width direction.

[0061] (Action and effect) Next, the effects of the sun visor mounting device 10 configured as described above will be described.

[0062] 5 , when attaching the metal clip 50 to the clip attachment portion 30 of the bracket 20, the side of the base plate 51 of the metal clip 50 on the sliding direction S side is inserted at an angle relative to the extending tip ends of the pair of flange pressing portions 35 of the base portion 31, and the pair of flange portions 53 is inserted inside the pair of flange pressing portions 35. Then, the pair of flange portions 53 of the metal clip 50 are guided while sliding against the pressing walls 37 of the pair of flange pressing portions 35, and the back surface of the base plate 51 of the metal clip 50 gradually approaches parallel to the inner surface of the base 21 of the bracket 20, and the base plate 51 presses the protrusions 43, causing the pair of elastic retaining claws 40 to elastically deform in a direction approaching the inner surface of the base 21.

[0063] Alternatively, as described above, the metal clip 50 may be slid in the sliding direction S with the back surface of the substrate 51 of the metal clip 50 laid down so as to be close to the inner surface of the base 21, rather than tilting the substrate 51 of the metal clip 50 at a large angle relative to the base 31. In this case, the side edge 62a, etc. of the substrate 51 of the metal clip 50 on the sliding direction S side presses against the tapered surface 43a of the protrusion 43, elastically deforming the elastic retaining claw portion 40 in a direction close to the inner surface of the base 21, so that the pair of flange portions 53, 53 can be inserted inside the pair of flange pressing portions 35, 35.

[0064] When the metal clip 50 is pushed to the maximum in the sliding direction S, the side edge 62a of the substrate 51 on the sliding direction S side abuts against the slide restricting portion 45 (here, the side edge 62a of the second abutting portion 62 and the side edges of the step 63 and the flange portion 53 on the sliding direction S side abut against the slide restricting portion 45), restricting further sliding. At the same time, the pair of elastic retaining claws 40 elastically return to their original position, so that the abutting surfaces 43b of the protrusions 43 are positioned opposite the side edge 61a of the substrate 51 on the opposite side to the sliding direction S (the side edge 61a of the first abutting portion 61) (see FIGS. 7 and 9). Furthermore, the pair of flanges 53 of the metal clip 50 are positioned opposite the inner surfaces 37b of the pressing walls 37 of the pair of flange pressing portions 35 (see FIG. 8). As a result, as shown in FIG. 6, the metal clip 50 is attached to the clip attachment portion 30, and the metal clip 50 can be temporarily held on the bracket 20.

[0065] In this state, even if an attempt is made to separate the metal clip 50 from the inner surface of the base 21 of the bracket 20, the pair of flanges 53 engage with the inner surfaces 37b of the pressing walls 37, so the metal clip 50 is held and prevented from coming off the base 31 in the insertion direction F of the pin member 70. Furthermore, even if an attempt is made to slide the metal clip 50 from the base 31 in the opposite direction to the sliding direction S, the side edges 61a of the first abutting portions 61 abut and get caught on the abutting surfaces 43b of the protrusions 43 of the pair of elastic anti-fall-off claws 40, so the metal clip 50 is prevented from coming off the base 31 in the sliding direction S.

[0066] Therefore, the metal clip 50 is prevented from slipping out of the base portion 31 in the insertion direction F of the pin member 70 by the pair of flange pressing portions 35, 35, and is also prevented from slipping out in the opposite direction to the sliding direction S by the pair of elastic anti-slip claw portions 40, 40, so that the metal clip 50 can be firmly attached to the clip mounting portion 30 and temporarily held on the bracket 20.

[0067] With the metal clip 50 temporarily held on the bracket 20 as described above, the other side of the bracket 20 in the longitudinal direction X1 is brought close to the cushion member 2 or the attached member 1, one side of the bracket 20 in the longitudinal direction X1 is positioned away from the cushion member 2 or the attached member 1, and the hook 25 provided on the bracket 20 is inserted obliquely from the front side of the hook attaching hole 5 and, while being hooked into the hook attaching hole 5, the one side of the bracket 20 in the longitudinal direction X1 is brought close to the cushion member 2, and the pair of elastic engagement pieces 55, 55 of the metal clip 50 are pushed from the front side of the clip attaching hole 4. Then, the hook 25 engages with the back side of the hook attaching hole 5 and the base ends 58, 58 are pressed against the inner periphery of the clip attaching hole 4, and the pair of elastic engagement pieces 55, 55 are inserted into the clip attaching hole 4 while elastically deforming. When the metal clip 50 is further pushed in, the base ends 58, 58 of the pair of elastic engagement pieces 55, 55 are inserted from the back side of the clip attachment hole 4 and provisionally engage with the inner periphery of the clip attachment hole 4, and the outer peripheral edge 21 a of the bracket 20 abuts against the front peripheral edge of the bracket receiving hole 2a formed in the cushion member 2, so that the bracket 20 is provisionally held in the clip attachment hole 4 via the metal clip 50. Furthermore, as shown in Figures 11 and 12, the ceiling surface 45 a of the slide restricting portion 45 abuts against the surface of the workpiece 1, and the outer surfaces 37 a, 37 a of the pressing walls 37, 37 of the pair of flange pressing portions 35 abut against the surface of the workpiece 1, and further, the front side of a predetermined portion of the base plate 51 of the metal clip 50 abuts against the front peripheral edge of the clip attachment hole 4.

[0068] The pin member 70 is then fastened to the tubular portion 56 of the metal clip 50. That is, from the countersunk portion 21b side of the bracket 20, the shank 71 of the pin member 70 is inserted through the bracket-side insertion hole 32 and the clip-side insertion hole 57 of the metal clip 50, the thread groove 71a of the shank 71 is gradually engaged with the thread groove 56a of the metal clip 50, and the pin member 70 is rotated until the head 73 of the pin member 70 abuts against the bottom surface of the countersunk portion 21b. Then, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 , the shank 71 of the pin member 70 is inserted between the tip ends 60 of the pair of elastic engagement pieces 55, the pair of elastic engagement pieces 55 are pushed apart, and the base ends 58 are expanded, and these base ends 58 engage with the inner periphery of the clip attachment hole 4 with a higher engagement force than before the pin member 70 was inserted through the clip attachment hole 4. As a result, the metal clip 50 is permanently fixed to the bracket 20, and the bracket 20 can be attached to the clip attachment hole 4 via the metal clip 50. In other words, the bracket 20 can be attached to the attachment workpiece 1, and ultimately the sun visor can be attached to the attachment workpiece 1.

[0069] Furthermore, there may be cases where it is necessary to remove the metal clip 50 from the bracket 20 for reasons such as maintenance or part replacement. In this case, first, the pin member 70 is rotated in the opposite direction to the rotation direction during the above-mentioned fastening and fixing, and the shaft portion 71 is removed from the cylindrical portion 56. This allows the pair of elastic engagement pieces 55, 55 to become elastically deformable, so that the pair of elastic engagement pieces 55, 55 can be pulled out from the clip mounting hole 4, and the hook 25 can also be pulled out from the hook mounting hole 5. Thereafter, the protrusions 43, 43 of the pair of elastic anti-slip claw portions 40, 40 are pushed in a direction approaching the inner surface of the base 21, thereby elastically deforming the pair of elastic anti-slip claw portions 40, 40 so that the abutment surfaces 43b, 43b of the protrusions 43, 43 are positioned so that they do not face or abut the side edge portions 61a, 61a of the first abutment portions 61, 61, and while maintaining this elastically deformed state, the metal clip 50 can be slid in the opposite direction to the sliding direction S relative to the base portion 31, thereby removing the metal clip 50 from the clip attachment portion 30.

[0070] In this sun visor attachment device 10, when attaching the metal clip 50 to the clip attachment portion 30, the simple operation of sliding the base plate 51 of the metal clip 50 relative to the base portion 31 in a direction perpendicular to the insertion direction of the pin member 70 causes the pair of flange portions 53, 53 to be pressed by the pair of flange presser portions 35, 35, and the side edge portion 61 a of the metal clip 50 opposite the sliding direction S to be retained by the elastic retaining claw portion 40, thereby making it possible to easily attach the metal clip 50 to the clip attachment portion 30. When removing the metal clip 50 from the clip attachment portion 30, the simple operation of sliding the base plate 51 of the metal clip 50 in the direction opposite the sliding direction S when the clip was attached, while elastically deforming the elastic retaining claw portion 40 so as not to abut against the side edge portion 61 a of the metal clip 50 opposite the sliding direction S, makes it possible to easily remove the metal clip 50 from the clip attachment portion 30. In this way, in this sun visor attachment device 10, the metal clip 50 can be easily attached to and detached from the clip attachment portion 30 of the bracket 20.

[0071] Furthermore, by inserting the pair of elastic engagement pieces 55, 55 of the metal clip 50 attached to the clip attachment portion 30 into the clip attachment hole 4 of the workpiece 1 and engaging them with the inner circumference of the clip attachment hole 4, and inserting the pin member 70 between the pair of elastic engagement pieces 55, 55 through the bracket side insertion hole 32 and the clip side insertion hole 57, the elastic deformation of the pair of elastic engagement pieces 55, 55 toward the inside of the clip attachment hole 4 is restricted, allowing the bracket 20 to be firmly attached to the clip attachment hole 4, and ultimately allowing the sun visor to be firmly attached to the workpiece 1.

[0072] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 12, a large engagement margin (engagement area between the inner surface 37b of the pressing wall 37 and the flange portions 53) can be secured between the pair of flange portions 53, 53 of the metal clip 50 and the pair of flange pressing portions 35, 35 of the clip mounting portion 30, making it difficult for the metal clip 50 to come off the base portion 31 in the insertion direction of the pin member 70, allowing the bracket 20 to be firmly attached to the clip mounting hole 4 and achieving a high pull-out load.

[0073] Also, in this embodiment, as shown in Figure 12, the pair of flange pressing portions 35, 35 of the clip mounting portion 30 and the base plate 51 are capable of abutting against the surface side of the workpiece 1, and the pair of flange portions 53, 53 of the metal clip 50 extend from the base plate 51 via a step 63 at a position closer to the base 21 than the pedestal portion, and are configured to fit inside the pair of flange pressing portions 35, 35.

[0074] With the above configuration, base 21 of bracket 20 can be brought close to the surface side of workpiece 1, allowing for stable attachment. Furthermore, in addition to the pair of flange retaining portions 35, 35, base plate 51 of metal clip 50 can also abut against the surface of workpiece 1, so both the pair of flange retaining portions 35, 35 and base plate 51 of metal clip 50 can be brought into abutment against the surface of workpiece 1, allowing bracket 20 and metal clip 50 to be attached to workpiece 1 in a stable position.

[0075] In addition, in this embodiment, the substrate 51 of the metal clip 50 further has a first abutment portion 61 that protrudes further than the base ends 58, 58 of the pair of elastic engagement pieces 55, 55 in the vertical direction toward the opposite side of the sliding direction S of the substrate 51 relative to the base portion 31 and is capable of abutting against the elastic anti-slip claw portion 40, and a second abutment portion 62 that protrudes further than the base ends 58, 58 of the pair of elastic engagement pieces 55, 55 in the vertical direction toward the sliding direction S of the substrate 51 relative to the base portion 31 and is capable of abutting against the slide regulating portion 45.

[0076] With the above-described configuration, when the metal clip 50 is attached to the clip attachment portion 30, the pair of elastic engagement pieces 55, 55 erected from the base plate 51 are less likely to interfere with the elastic retaining claw portion 40 and the slide restriction portion 45, making it easier to elastically deform. As a result, when attaching the bracket 20 to the workpiece 1, it becomes easier to insert the pair of elastic engagement pieces 55, 55 into the clip attachment hole 4, and when removing the bracket 20 from the workpiece 1, it becomes easier to pull out the pair of elastic engagement pieces 55, 55 from the clip attachment hole 4.

[0077] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the pair of elastic engagement pieces 55, 55 are erected from the base plate 51 so as to face the sliding direction S of the base plate 51 relative to the base portion 31, and the bracket 20 is provided with a hook 25 that engages with a hook mounting hole 5 formed in the attached member 1 at a position spaced apart from the clip mounting portion 30 in the sliding direction S of the base plate 51 relative to the base portion 31.

[0078] The above-described configuration makes it easier to push the metal clip 50 into the clip attachment portion 30 when attaching the metal clip 50 to the clip attachment portion 30. That is, the worker does not push the side edge portions of the elastic engagement pieces 55, which have many edges and corners, but rather pushes the portions of the elastic engagement pieces 55 that are not side edge portions and have a large area (here, the base end portions 58 and the middle portions 59), making it easier to push the metal clip 50 in.

[0079] Furthermore, by providing the hooks 25, a higher pull-out load can be obtained (because the hooks 25 get caught in the hook mounting holes 5 when a pull-out load acts in a direction that removes the bracket 20 from the workpiece 1). Furthermore, the pair of elastic engagement pieces 55, 55 are erected from the base plate 51 so as to face the sliding direction S of the base plate 51 relative to the base portion 31, and when the pair of elastic engagement pieces 55, 55 of the metal clip 50 are pushed into the clip mounting hole 4 while the hooks 25 are hooked into the hook mounting holes 5 of the workpiece 1, the pressing force acting from the clip mounting hole 4 on the pair of elastic engagement pieces 55, 55 is in the same direction as the opposing direction of the pair of elastic engagement pieces 55, 55, which makes it easier to elastically deform (flexibly deform) the pair of elastic engagement pieces 55, 55, making it easier to insert and engage the pair of elastic engagement pieces 55, 55 into the clip mounting hole 4.

[0080] Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modified embodiments are possible within the scope of the gist of the present invention, and such embodiments are also included in the scope of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0081] 1 Mounting member 4 Clip mounting holes 5 Hook mounting hole 7 Shaft 10. Sun visor mounting device 20 Bracket 21 Base 23 Support part 25 Hook 30 Clip attachment part 31 Base 32 Bracket side insertion hole 35 Flange holder 40 Elastic retaining claw 45 Slide control part 50 metal clips 51 PCB 53 Flange 55 Elastic engagement piece 57 Clip side insertion hole 61 1st contact part 62 Second contact part 70 Pin member

Claims

1. A sun visor mounting device for mounting a sun visor to a mounting member, a bracket attached to the mounting member to support the sun visor; a metal clip attached to the bracket; a pin member assembled to the bracket, The metal clip is a substrate having a clip-side insertion hole through which the pin member is inserted; a pair of flange portions extending from the base plate; a pair of elastically deformable elastic engagement pieces that stand upright from the base plate and engage with clip attachment holes formed in the attachment workpiece; The bracket has a base portion that is disposed on the front side of the mounting member, The base portion is provided with a support portion that supports a shaft portion extending from the sun visor body, and a clip mounting portion for mounting the metal clip, The clip attachment portion is a base portion that supports the substrate and has a bracket-side insertion hole through which the pin member is inserted; a pair of flange pressing portions provided on both sides of the base portion and pressing the pair of flange portions to prevent the metal clip from slipping out of the base portion in the insertion direction of the pin member, the substrate is slid relative to the base in a direction perpendicular to the insertion direction of the pin member, and the pair of flange portions is pressed by the pair of flange pressing portions, thereby attaching the metal clip to the clip attachment portion, Furthermore, the clip attachment portion is an elastic retaining claw portion that is elastically deformable and that, when the metal clip is attached, is capable of contacting a side edge portion of the board on the side opposite to the sliding direction, thereby preventing the metal clip from coming off in the side opposite to the sliding direction; a slide restricting portion that is capable of contacting a side edge portion of the substrate in a sliding direction when the metal clip is slid, thereby restricting movement of the metal clip in the sliding direction; the pin member is inserted between the pair of elastic engagement pieces through the bracket-side insertion hole and the clip-side insertion hole, and restricts elastic deformation of the pair of elastic engagement pieces toward the inward direction of the clip mounting hole; The pair of flange pressing portions of the clip mounting portion and the base plate are capable of contacting the surface side of the workpiece, the pair of flange portions extend from the substrate via a step at a position closer to the base than the pedestal portion and are configured to fit inside the pair of flange pressing portions, The surface of the base plate facing the workpiece and the surface of the flange pressing portion facing the workpiece are arranged to be flush with each other.

2. The substrate of the metal clip is a first abutment portion that protrudes from the base end portions of the pair of elastic engagement pieces in a direction opposite to the sliding direction of the board relative to the base portion and is capable of abutting against the elastic retaining claw portion; 2. The sun visor mounting device according to claim 1, further comprising a second abutment portion that extends beyond the base end of each of the pair of elastic engagement pieces in the vertical direction toward the sliding direction of the base plate relative to the base portion and is capable of abutting against the slide regulating portion.

3. the pair of elastic engagement pieces are erected from the base plate so as to face each other in a sliding direction of the base plate relative to the pedestal portion, 3. The sun visor mounting device according to claim 1, wherein the bracket is provided with a hook that engages with a hook mounting hole formed in the mounting member at a position spaced from the clip mounting portion in the sliding direction of the substrate relative to the base portion.

Images