Exterior wall structure of a window opening used for tight-fitting external insulation with a ventilation layer in a reinforced concrete building

Abstract

To provide an external wall structure with a ventilation function at a window opening which is used for close-contact type external thermal insulation with a ventilation layer of a reinforced concrete building.SOLUTION: An external wall structure comprises: a concrete external wall located above a window opening; and a thermal insulation layer in contact with an outdoor side surface of the concrete external wall. Furthermore, the external wall structure comprises: an exterior substrate material in contact with an outdoor side surface of the thermal insulation layer; and an exterior material in contact with an outdoor side surface of the exterior substrate material. The external substrate material has: a plurality of vertical grooves; and a lower protrusion protruding downward from a lower end position of the thermal insulation layer. A lower panel having a thermal insulation material pieces and a plate-like body arranged on its lower surface is arranged in a space formed by a lower surface of the thermal insulation layer and an indoor side surface of the lower protrusion of the exterior substrate material. An air passage which communicates with the plurality of vertical grooves and introduces outside air into the plurality of vertical grooves, is provided below the lower panel.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an externally insulated building made of reinforced concrete, and more specifically to a new exterior wall structure that provides ventilation function to window openings in an externally insulated building. [Background technology]

[0002] Externally insulated reinforced concrete buildings are highly regarded as energy-saving, high-performance buildings for the following reasons: Because the outside of the concrete frame is covered with an insulating layer, cracks caused by heat stress from solar radiation are suppressed; because the concrete frame is not in contact with air, neutralization of the concrete is suppressed, making it possible to prevent corrosion of the reinforcing steel bars, improving the durability of the building; and, because the temperature environment inside the building can be maintained and condensation can be suppressed, preventing the growth of mold and dust mites, and providing health benefits. In such externally insulated reinforced concrete buildings, ensuring ventilation to the exterior walls at openings in the exterior walls where windows and other fixtures are located is complicated, and streamlining this process is a challenge.

[0003] Conventionally, there is a structure that uses a breathable insulating composite panel for a window opening to provide ventilation to the window opening. Fig. 7 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of such an exterior wall structure, and relates to the exterior wall structure according to the invention described in Patent Document 1. In this exterior wall structure, an insulating composite panel is disposed above the window opening, with multiple elongated vertical bars extending in the vertical direction between the exterior base material and the insulating layer, and a vertical ventilation layer formed between the multiple vertical bars. An exterior base material is attached horizontally to the bottom surface of the insulating composite panel via multiple elongated horizontal bars arranged to extend in the thickness direction of the insulating composite panel, and a horizontal ventilation layer communicating with the vertical ventilation layer is formed between the horizontal bars.

[0004] In this exterior wall structure, air flows in through the gap between the rear end of the horizontally attached exterior base material and the window frame, passes through the horizontal ventilation layer, enters the vertical ventilation layer, and rises. A water-repellent steel plate is placed across the entire underside of the horizontal ventilation layer. Rainwater that seeps into the vertical ventilation layer is guided by the water-repellent steel plate and is discharged from the gap at the rear end of the horizontal exterior base material. This exterior wall structure eliminates the need to seal the gap between the front of the frame and the insulated composite panel, which was previously required, and also reduces sealing maintenance costs.

[0005] The exterior wall structure shown in Figure 7 has the following problems. The inner surface of the exterior base material and the vertical and horizontal bars need to be coated with a waterproofing primer to prevent rainwater from seeping into the vertical ventilation layer and absorbing the water that flows down. This is both cumbersome and costly. Furthermore, if rainwater gets behind the water-repellent steel plate located below the horizontal ventilation layer, it could damage the horizontal exterior base material.

[0006] Furthermore, because thermal insulation composite panels are manufactured by embedding vertical bars in the insulation layer while ensuring the thickness of the ventilation layer, and then attaching the exterior base material to the vertical bars with screws, they are complex to manufacture and expensive. Furthermore, support bars are placed at the lower end of the insulation layer on the indoor side to attach one end of multiple horizontal bars, but the support bars have low adhesion strength to the insulation layer, which can cause heavy exterior materials such as tiles to peel off and fall. Furthermore, because the sealant is placed before the thermal insulation composite panel is installed, if repairs are required to address deterioration over time, the lower end of the thermal insulation composite panel must be broken. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 4953482 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2020-063633 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0008] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention aims to provide an exterior wall structure with a ventilation function at window openings, which can be used for close-contact external insulation with a ventilation layer in reinforced concrete buildings. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] One aspect of the present invention provides an exterior wall structure above a window opening for use in close-contact external insulation with a ventilation layer. The exterior wall structure includes a concrete exterior wall located above the window opening and a thermal insulation layer in contact with the exterior surface of the concrete exterior wall. The exterior wall structure further includes an exterior base material in contact with the exterior surface of the thermal insulation layer, and an exterior material in contact with the exterior surface of the exterior base material.

[0010] The exterior base material has a plurality of vertical grooves and a lower protrusion that protrudes below the lower end of the insulation layer. A lower panel having pieces of insulation material and a plate-like body placed on its lower surface is placed in the space formed by the lower surface of the insulation layer and the indoor surface of the lower protrusion of the exterior base material. The pieces of insulation material and the plate-like body of the lower panel are preferably tightly joined to each other so as to prevent rainwater flowing down the vertical grooves from seeping in through the joint surface. An air passage is provided below the lower panel that communicates with the vertical grooves and introduces outside air into the vertical grooves.

[0011] A hollow structural plate having a plurality of passages separated from one another is preferably disposed below the lower panel, and each of the passages of the hollow structural plate communicates with the plurality of vertical grooves and functions as an air passage for introducing outside air into the plurality of vertical grooves.

[0012] A window upper decorative edge having a generally L-shaped cross section is preferably arranged from the outdoor surface of the lower protrusion of the exterior base material to the underside of the hollow structural board. By being sandwiched between this window upper decorative edge and the lower panel, the hollow structural board arranged below the lower panel can be held in a predetermined position. The window upper decorative edge can be attached to a predetermined position by fixing one arm (i.e., the portion located on the underside of the hollow structure) of the generally L-shaped cross section to the plate-like body and fixing the other arm (i.e., the portion located on the outdoor surface of the exterior base material) to the outdoor surface of the lower protrusion. A sealant and a backer are preferably arranged between the other arm and the exterior material.

[0013] Mortar is placed in the space formed between the indoor surface of the lower panel and the underside of the insulation layer. The mortar preferably has a space at the lower end on the lower panel side, and a sealant is placed in this space.

[0014] Another aspect of the present invention provides an exterior wall structure for a side of a window opening used for close-contact external insulation with a ventilation layer. The exterior wall structure includes a concrete exterior wall located on the side of the window opening and a thermal insulation layer in contact with the exterior surface of the concrete exterior wall. The exterior wall structure further includes an exterior base material in contact with the exterior surface of the thermal insulation layer, and an exterior material in contact with the exterior surface of the exterior base material.

[0015] The exterior base material has a plurality of vertical grooves and lateral protrusions that protrude laterally from the side edges of the insulation layer. A lateral panel having a piece of insulation material and a plate-like body arranged on its side is placed in the space formed by the side of the insulation layer and the indoor surface of the lateral protrusions of the exterior base material.

[0016] In one embodiment, the exterior material can be placed across the side of the horizontal panel and the side end face of the horizontal protrusion of the exterior underlayment. In another embodiment, a horizontal window trim with a substantially L-shaped cross section can be placed from the exterior-facing surface of the horizontal protrusion of the exterior underlayment to the side of the horizontal panel. The horizontal window trim can be attached to a predetermined position by fixing one arm of the substantially L-shaped cross section (i.e., the portion of the horizontal panel located along the plate-like body) to the plate-like body, and fixing the other arm (i.e., the portion located along the exterior-facing surface of the exterior underlayment) to the exterior-facing surface of the horizontal protrusion. A sealant and a backer are preferably placed between the other arm and the exterior material. Mortar is placed in the space formed by the interior-facing surface of the horizontal panel and the side of the insulation layer. [Effects of the Invention]

[0017] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a structure for a window periphery that can be easily constructed at low cost and has high water resistance and durability over time. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0018] [Figure 1] 1 is a perspective view of an exterior wall structure around a window opening according to one embodiment of the present invention; FIG. [Figure 2] 1A and 1B show a portion of an exterior wall structure not including a window opening, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, where (A) is a cross-sectional view and (B) is a longitudinal-sectional view. [Figure 3] 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the periphery of a window opening according to one embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 4] 1 shows the upper part of a window opening and the various components used therein according to one embodiment of the present invention, where (A) is a partially enlarged longitudinal cross-sectional view of the upper part of the window opening, (B) is a perspective view of the lower panel, (C) is a perspective view of the hollow structural plate, and (D) is a perspective view of the decorative edge above the window. [Figure 5] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of one side of a window opening according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6]1A and 1B show one side of a window opening and the components used therein according to another embodiment of the present invention, where (A) is a cross-sectional view of one side of the window opening, and (B) is a perspective view of a window side decorative edge. [Figure 7] FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the periphery of a window opening in a conventional exterior wall structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0019] (Outline of exterior wall structure) Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional perspective view showing a close-contact externally insulated exterior wall structure G (hereinafter referred to as structure G) around a window opening W according to one embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 shows a portion of structure G that does not include the window opening W, with Fig. 2(A) being a horizontal cross-sectional view and Fig. 2(B) being a vertical cross-sectional view. In the following, the direction parallel to the ground along the outer surface of the exterior material 2 will be referred to as the width direction, the direction perpendicular to the width direction along the outer surface of the exterior material 2 will be referred to as the height direction, and the direction perpendicular to the width and height directions will be referred to as the thickness direction. Furthermore, when viewed in the thickness direction of structure G, the direction of the exterior material 2 will be referred to as the outdoor side, and the opposite direction will be referred to as the indoor side.

[0020] Structure G comprises a concrete exterior wall 31 of a skeleton 3 and an insulating composite panel 1 arranged on the outdoor side thereof. The insulating composite panel 1 is a panel in which an insulating layer 15, an exterior base material 11, and an exterior material 2 are arranged in this order. The insulating composite panel 1 is arranged so that the insulating layer 15 contacts the outdoor surface of the concrete exterior wall 31.

[0021] The structure G has a window opening W in which a window is to be placed. A window frame 80 for attaching an exterior window 8 is arranged around the window opening W. A plurality of insulating composite panels 101 are arranged side by side above the window opening W, a plurality of insulating composite panels 102 are arranged side by side below the window opening W, and a plurality of insulating composite panels 103 are arranged side by side on the sides of the window opening W. The plurality of insulating composite panels 101, 102, and 103 are arranged side by side with vertical joints 42. The plurality of insulating composite panels 101 and the plurality of insulating composite panels 102 are arranged side by side in the height direction with horizontal joints 41, and the plurality of insulating composite panels 103 are also arranged side by side in the height direction with horizontal joints 41. The insulating composite panels 101, 102, and 103 will be collectively referred to as insulating composite panels 1 hereinafter.

[0022] (Insulated composite panel) In structure G, the insulating composite panel 1 can be one having a configuration generally similar to that disclosed in Patent Document 2, for example. The insulating composite panel 1 will be described below. The insulating composite panel 1 has a structure in which an exterior base material 11 is in contact with the outdoor surface of the insulating layer 15, and an exterior material 2 is in contact with the outdoor surface of the exterior base material 11. The insulating layer 15 is not limited to this, but can be, for example, a single insulating material having a thickness of 75 mm, a width of 500 mm, and a height of 2500 mm. The material of the insulating material is not limited to this, but typically, foamed plastic insulating material (JIS A9511) is used.

[0023] The exterior base material 11 has a plurality of vertical grooves 14 extending in the height direction, with thick-walled portions 13 arranged between the vertical grooves 14 and thin-walled portions 12 arranged in the thickness direction of the vertical grooves 14. In other words, the exterior base material 11 has a structure in which thick-walled portions 13, vertical grooves 14, and thin-walled portions 12 are arranged alternately in the width direction. The plurality of vertical grooves 14 form a compartment ventilation layer 7 through which air flow 70 passes. The exterior base material 11 can be formed as a single extruded cement board having, for example, a thickness of 26 mm, a width of 490 mm, and a height of 2480 mm, and having a plurality of vertical grooves 14 with a depth of 13 mm and an opening width of 30 mm, for example, but is not limited to, a size of 26 mm in thickness, 490 mm in width, and 2480 mm.

[0024] The insulating composite panel 1 is formed by layering and integrating the exterior base material 11 and the insulating layer 15 so that the thick portion 13 contacts the insulating layer 15 and the multiple vertical grooves 14 face the insulating layer 15. In one insulating composite panel 1, the insulating layer 15 and the exterior base material 11 are typically layered together so that the insulating layer 15 protrudes 50 mm from the exterior base material 11 at the top, recedes 30 mm at the bottom, protrudes 20 mm from one side, and recedes 10 mm from the other side. Therefore, multiple insulating composite panels 1 can be arranged side by side in the required number in the height and width directions by combining the protruding portion of the top of one panel with the receding portion of the bottom of an adjacent panel, and combining the protruding portion of the side of one panel with the receding portion of the side of an adjacent panel. The exterior material 2 is typically, but not limited to, exterior tile, stone, painted finish, etc.

[0025] A vertical joint 42 is provided between the exterior base material 11 and the exterior material 2 that are adjacent in the width direction. As shown in FIG. 2(A), a backer 421, a primary sealant 420, and a secondary sealant 422 are arranged in this order from the heat insulating layer 15 side in the vertical joint 42. The primary sealant 420 and the secondary sealant 422 are arranged so as to be continuous, with the primary sealant 420 adhered to the end face of the exterior base material 11 and the secondary sealant 422 adhered to the end face of the exterior material 2. Therefore, these sealants 420 and 422 work together to maintain the durability of the exterior base material 11 and the exterior material 2 against shrinkage due to thermal fluctuations. The spacing between adjacent exterior base materials 11 is wider than the spacing between adjacent exterior materials 2, and the width of primary sealant 420 is wider than the width of secondary sealant 422. Therefore, even if a crack occurs in secondary sealant 422 and water leaks from it, the backup effect of primary sealant 420 makes it extremely unlikely that water will penetrate inside.

[0026] Furthermore, horizontal joints 41 are provided between the exterior base materials 11 and the exterior materials 2 adjacent in the vertical direction. As shown in FIG. 2(B), a ventilation backer 45 having multiple passages is arranged in the horizontal joints 41 so that the vertical grooves 14 of each of the exterior base materials 11 adjacent in the vertical direction communicate with each other. As a result, the vertical grooves 14 communicate from the bottom to the top of the exterior base material 11, forming a compartment ventilation layer 7 through which airflow 70 passes. Furthermore, a sealant 430 is arranged in the horizontal joints 41 between the exterior materials 2 adjacent in the vertical direction, and an elastic backer 431 is arranged on the back side of the sealant 430 between the exterior base materials 11 adjacent in the vertical direction. By arranging the sealant 430 and the backer 431 in this manner, the durability of the exterior materials 2 and the exterior base materials 11 against shrinkage due to thermal fluctuations can be maintained.

[0027] (Structure of the window and its surrounding area) Next, the structure G around the window opening W will be described. FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the periphery of the window opening W. In FIG. 3, the upper and lower parts of the window opening W are shown, with the middle section (part of the window opening W) omitted. FIG. 4 shows the upper part of the window opening W shown in FIG. 3 and the characteristic components used therein. FIG. 4(A) is a partially enlarged vertical cross-sectional view of the upper part of the window opening W, FIG. 4(B) is a perspective view of the lower panel 17, FIG. 4(C) is a perspective view of the hollow structural plate 93, and FIG. 4(D) is a perspective view of the window upper decorative edge 91A. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of one side of the window opening W according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 shows one side of the window opening W and the characteristic components used therein according to another embodiment of the present invention, with FIG. 6(A) being a cross-sectional view of one side of the window opening W and FIG. 6(B) being a perspective view of the window side decorative edge 91B.

[0028] An inner window 6 and an outer window 8 are arranged in a window opening W that penetrates the concrete exterior wall 31, the insulating layer 15, the exterior base material 11, and the exterior material 2 of the structure G. The outer window 8 has a window frame 80 that faces the window opening W. The inner window 6 has an attached frame 63 that is provided on the indoor side of the window frame 80.

[0029] The space between the window frame 80 and the concrete exterior wall 31 is filled with mortar 801, and the space between the attached frame 63 and the concrete exterior wall 31 is filled with urethane foam 802. In this structure, the mortar 801, which is difficult to burn, is on the outdoor side, and the urethane foam 802, which is more flammable, is on the indoor side, reducing the possibility of a fire spreading to the insulation layer 15 in the event of an outdoor or indoor fire. The window frame 80 is connected to the concrete exterior wall 31 via supporting steel bars 803, but because the supporting steel bars 803 are embedded in the mortar 801, corrosion of the supporting steel bars 803 is prevented, improving the durability of the window.

[0030] At the upper side of the window opening W, the heat insulating composite panel 1 is placed so as to contact the outdoor surface of the concrete exterior wall 31. The underside of the heat insulating layer 15 of the heat insulating composite panel 1 is flush with the underside of the concrete exterior wall 31, and mortar 801 is filled so as to contact these undersides and up to a position about half the thickness of the heat insulating layer 15.

[0031] As shown in FIG. 2 , the exterior base material 11 having multiple vertical grooves 14 has a lower protrusion 111 that protrudes downward from the lower end of the insulation layer 15. The exterior base material 11 is in contact with the outdoor surface of the insulation layer 15, and a space is formed between the lower surface of the insulation layer 15 and the indoor surface of the lower protrusion 111. A lower panel 17 is placed on the indoor side of this space so as to be in contact with the indoor surface of the lower protrusion 111. Further indoors of this space, as described above, mortar 801 is filled up to a position about halfway through the thickness of the insulation layer 15. That is, in the space formed by the lower surface of the insulation layer 15 and the indoor surface of the lower protrusion 111, there are the lower panel 17 placed in contact with the indoor surface of the lower protrusion 111, and the mortar 801 placed in contact with the indoor surface of the lower panel 17.

[0032] As shown in FIG. 4(B), the lower panel 17 has an insulating material piece 171 and a plate-like body 172 disposed on its underside. The lower panel 17 is formed so that the lower surface of the plate-like body 172 is flush with the lower end surface of the exterior base material 11 when the lower panel 17 is disposed in the space. The insulating material piece 171 may, for example, have a height of 26 mm and a thickness of 40 mm, and its width corresponds to the width of the window opening W, although this is not limited thereto. The plate-like body 172 may, for example, have a height of 14 mm and a thickness of 40 mm, and its width corresponds to the width of the window opening W. That is, the lower panel 17 may, for example, have a height of 40 mm and a thickness of 40 mm (the width corresponds to the width of the window opening W), and its thickness is shorter than the thickness of the insulating layer 15.

[0033] The heat insulating piece 171 can be made of foamed plastic heat insulating material (JIS A9511), similar to the heat insulating layer 15. The plate-like body 172 is not limited to any particular material, and can be made of, for example, foamed polystyrene resin or recycled plastic.

[0034] The insulating material pieces 171 and the plate-like bodies 172 are preferably bonded together in close contact with, but not limited to, a modified silicone resin elastic adhesive. The insulating layer 15 and the lower panel 17 are preferably bonded together in close contact with, for example, a silicone resin adhesive, but not limited to, in this way. By bonding the insulating layer 15, the insulating material pieces 171, and the plate-like bodies 172 in close contact with each other in this way, it is possible to prevent rainwater flowing down the vertical grooves 14 from seeping in through the bonded surfaces.

[0035] A space is provided at the lower end of the mortar 801 on the lower panel 17 side, and the sealant 430 is placed in this space (after placing a sealant receiver 81 as necessary) so that its lower surface is flush with the lower surface of the plate-like body 172. Therefore, the sealant 430 is hidden from the outdoors and is less likely to deteriorate.

[0036] A hollow structural plate 93 is placed under the lower panel 17, which is arranged so as to be flush with the lower end surface of the exterior base material 11. As shown in Fig. 4(C), the hollow structural plate 93 has a structure in which a plurality of partition pieces 932 are arranged between two upper and lower side edges 931, and although not limited thereto, it is preferably made of resin to prevent corrosion due to rainwater.

[0037] The hollow structural plate 93 is arranged so that a plurality of passages 933 separated from one another by a plurality of partition pieces 932 extend in the thickness direction of the structure G. The length of the hollow structural plate 93 in the thickness direction is the same length as the lower panel 17. As an example, the hollow structural plate 93 may have a height of 12 mm, a thickness of 40 mm, and a width corresponding to the width of the window opening W.

[0038] The window frame 80 is attached with a gap between it and the indoor end of the hollow structural board 93. Air enters the passages 933 through this gap, and air exiting the passages 933 from the outdoor side is introduced into the vertical grooves 14. That is, the passages 933 communicate with the vertical grooves 14 and function as ventilation paths that introduce outside air into the vertical grooves 14. As the outside air passes through the passages 933 and rises from the vertical grooves 14, the rising airflow 70 removes moisture that has seeped in from indoors, and the plate-like body 172 and the exterior base material 11 are cooled, thereby reducing their thermal expansion and contraction. An insect screen 934 is preferably provided at the indoor end of the hollow structural board 93 to prevent insects from entering the passages 933.

[0039] As shown in FIG. 4(A), a window upper decorative edge 91A having a generally L-shaped cross section extending from the exterior surface of the lower protrusion 111 of the exterior base material 11 to the underside of the hollow structural panel 93 is disposed. As shown in FIG. 4(D), the window upper decorative edge 91A has a horizontal edge 911A (corresponding to one arm of the generally L-shape in a cross section extending across the length of the window upper decorative edge 91A) that abuts the underside of the hollow structural panel 93, and a rising edge 912A (similarly corresponding to the other arm of the generally L-shape) that extends from the exterior edge of the horizontal edge 911A at a right angle to the horizontal edge 911A. An upper piece 913A protrudes horizontally from the upper edge of the rising edge 912A, and a protruding piece 914A protrudes downward from the lower edge. The window upper decorative edge 91A is preferably made of aluminum to prevent corrosion due to rainwater, although this is not a limitation.

[0040] The upright edge 912A (similarly, the other arm of the approximately L-shape) is fixed to the outdoor surface of the lower protrusion 111. Specifically, the upper piece 913A of the window upper decorative edge 91A is attached with a screw (not shown) or the like to a receiving material 92A fixed to the outdoor surface of the exterior base material 11. Meanwhile, the horizontal edge 911A (similarly, one arm of the approximately L-shape) is fixed to the plate-like body 172. Specifically, the horizontal edge 911A abutting the lower surface of the hollow structural plate 93 is fixed to the plate-like body 172 by a screw (not shown) that is inserted into the screw hole 916A and reaches the plate-like body 172 of the lower panel 17. The hollow structural plate 93 is held in place by being sandwiched between the horizontal edge 911A of the window upper decorative edge 91A attached in this manner and the lower panel 17.

[0041] By attaching the window upper decorative edge 91A in this manner, a gap is provided between the lower end surface of the lower protrusion 111 of the exterior base material 11 and the horizontal edge 911A of the window upper decorative edge 91A, and this gap functions as a communication passage between the multiple passages 933 of the hollow structural board 93 and the multiple vertical grooves 14 of the exterior base material 11. In addition, the window upper decorative edge 91A widely receives rainwater that flows down the multiple vertical grooves 14, and can drain it from between the window frame 80 and the indoor end of the hollow structural board 93 via the passages 933 of the hollow structural board 93.

[0042] A gap 44C is provided between the upper piece 913A of the window upper decorative edge 91A and the lower end surface of the exterior cladding material 2, and a backer 441 and a sealant 440 are filled in the gap 44C. This structure makes it possible to accommodate expansion and contraction of the exterior cladding material 2 and the window upper decorative edge 91A due to heat. In addition, the protruding piece 914A of the window upper decorative edge 91A has the function of preventing rainwater from seeping in, thereby preventing rain stains on the bottom surface of the horizontal edge 911A and reducing the amount of rain falling on the window frame 80, thereby suppressing water leakage to the indoor side.

[0043] As with the upper side, a thermal insulation composite panel 1 is placed at the lower side of the window opening W so as to contact the outdoor surface of the concrete exterior wall 31. At the upper end of the thermal insulation composite panel 1, the upper end surfaces of the thermal insulation layer 15 and the exterior base material 11 are flush with each other, and a water-repellent board 82 is placed on top of them. The air flow 70 that has risen inside the multiple vertical grooves 14 is discharged to the outside through multiple air holes 83. A backer 441 and a sealant 440 are appropriately placed between the water-repellent board 82 and the upper end surface of the thermal insulation composite panel 1, and between the water-repellent board 82 and the window frame 80.

[0044] As shown in FIG. 5 , the exterior base material 11 has a lateral protrusion 112 that protrudes laterally from the side edge of the insulation layer 15. The exterior base material 11 is in contact with the outdoor surface of the insulation layer 15, and a space is formed between the side surface of the insulation layer 15 and the indoor surface of the lateral protrusion 112. A lateral panel 18 is arranged on the indoor side of this space so as to be in contact with the indoor surface of the lateral protrusion 112. Further indoors in this space, mortar 801 is filled up to a position about halfway through the thickness of the insulation layer 15. In other words, the space formed by the side surface of the insulation layer 15 and the indoor surface of the lateral protrusion 112 contains the lateral panel 18 arranged in contact with the indoor surface of the lateral protrusion 112, and the mortar 801 arranged in contact with the indoor surface of the lateral panel 18.

[0045] Like the lower panel 17, the side panel 18 has an insulating material piece 181 and a plate-like body 182 arranged on its side. The side panel 18 is formed so that when the side panel 18 is placed in the space, the side of the plate-like body 182 (the face on the window opening W side) is flush with the side edge face of the exterior base material 11. The insulating material piece 181 may, for example, have a thickness of 40 mm and a width of 26 mm, and its height corresponds to the height of the window opening W, although this is not limited thereto. The plate-like body 182 may, for example, have a thickness of 40 mm and a width of 14 mm, and its height corresponds to the height of the window opening W. That is, the side panel 18 may, for example, have a thickness of 40 mm and a width of 40 mm (the height corresponds to the width of the window opening W), and its thickness is shorter than the thickness of the insulating layer 15.

[0046] The insulating material pieces 181 and the plate-like bodies 182 can be formed from the same material as the lower panel 17. The joining of the insulating material pieces 181 and the plate-like bodies 182 and the joining of the insulating layer 15 and the horizontal panel 18 are the same as the joining methods described for the lower panel 17.

[0047] As described above, the side surface of the plate-like body 182 and the side end surface of the exterior base material 11 are formed to be flush with each other, and it is preferable that the exterior material 2 is arranged across both surfaces. In addition, a sealant 430 is arranged between the exterior material 2 and the window frame 80 (after arranging a sealing receiver 81 as necessary) so as to be flush with the side surface of the exterior material 2.

[0048] As shown in Fig. 6, instead of the exterior material 2 arranged on the window opening W side of the horizontal panel 18 in Fig. 5, a horizontal window decorative edge 91B having a substantially L-shaped cross section extending longitudinally from the outdoor surface of the horizontal protrusion 112 of the exterior base material 11 to the side surface of the horizontal protrusion 112 may be arranged. As shown in Fig. 6(B), the horizontal window decorative edge 91B has a window side edge 911B (corresponding to one arm of the substantially L-shape in cross section extending longitudinally of the horizontal window decorative edge 91B) located along the plate-like body 182 of the horizontal panel 18, and an outdoor side edge 912B (similarly corresponding to the other arm of the substantially L-shape) extending from the outdoor edge of the window side edge 911B at a right angle to the window side edge 911B. An outdoor side piece 913B protrudes from the edge of the outdoor side edge 912B toward the exterior base material 11, and a window side piece 915B protrudes from the edge of the window side edge 911B toward the plate-like body 182. The window side decorative edge 91B is preferably made of aluminum to prevent corrosion due to rainwater, although this is not a limitation.

[0049] The outdoor side edge 912B (similarly, the other arm of the approximately L-shape) is fixed to the outdoor surface of the horizontal protrusion 112. Specifically, the outdoor side piece 913B of the window horizontal decorative edge 91B is attached with a screw (not shown) or the like to a receiving material 92B fixed to the outdoor surface of the exterior base material 11. Meanwhile, the window side edge 911B (similarly, the other arm of the approximately L-shape) is fixed to the plate-like body 182. Specifically, the window side edge 911B is fixed to the plate-like body 182 with a screw (not shown) inserted into the screw hole 916B.

[0050] A gap 44C is provided between the exterior side piece 913B of the window side decorative edge 91B and the side end face of the exterior material 2, and the gap 44C is filled with a backer 441 and a sealant 440. This structure can accommodate expansion and contraction due to heat of the exterior material 2 and the window side decorative edge 91B. [Explanation of symbols]

[0051] 1, 101, 102, 103 Insulated Composite Panels 11 Exterior base material 111 Lower protrusion 112 Lateral protrusion 12 Thin-walled section 13 Thick wall part 14 Vertical groove 15 Insulation layer 16 Cutout 17 Lower Panel 171 Insulation piece 172 Plate-shaped body 18 Horizontal Panel 181 Insulation piece 182 Plate-shaped body 2. Exterior materials 3 skeleton 31 Concrete exterior wall 32 Floor slab 4 Waterproof 41 Horizontal joint 42 Vertical joint 43, 44A, 44B, 44C Filling section 420, 422, 430, 440 sealant 411, 421, 431, 441 Backer 45 Ventilated Backer 5. Interior 51 Interior materials 52 Resin mortar 53 Four circumferential plates 6. Interior window 61 Window Frame 62 face plate 63 Frame 7-compartment ventilation layer 70 Updraft 8 Exterior window 80 Window Frame 801 Mortar 802 Urethane foam 803 Support steel bar 804 Support steel bar holder 81 Sealing receiver 82 Water drain board 83 Air vent 9. Cosmetic materials 91A Window trim 911A horizontal edge 912A Standing edge 913A top piece 914A Projecting piece 916A screw hole 91B Window trim 911B window side 912B Outdoor side 913B Outdoor side 915B window side 916B screw hole 92A, 92B receiving material 93 Hollow structural plate 931 Side 932 Partition piece 933 Passage 934 Insect net G Exterior wall structure W Window Opening

Claims

1. An exterior wall structure of a window opening used for close-contact external insulation having a ventilation layer, a concrete exterior wall located above the window opening; a heat insulating layer in contact with the outdoor surface of the concrete exterior wall; an exterior base material in contact with the outdoor surface of the thermal insulation layer and having a plurality of vertical grooves and a lower protrusion protruding downward from the lower end of the thermal insulation layer; an exterior material in contact with the exterior surface of the exterior base material; Equipped with A lower panel having a piece of insulation material and a plate-like body disposed on its lower surface is disposed in a space formed by the lower surface of the insulation layer and the indoor surface of the lower protrusion of the exterior base material, An air passage is provided below the lower panel, which is in communication with the plurality of vertical grooves and introduces outside air into the plurality of vertical grooves. External wall structure.

2. A hollow structural plate having a plurality of mutually separated passages is disposed under the lower panel, and each of the plurality of passages functions as an air passage. The exterior wall structure according to claim 1 .

3. A window top decorative edge having a substantially L-shaped cross section is arranged from the outdoor surface of the lower protrusion of the exterior base material to the underside of the hollow structural board, and the hollow structural board is held in a predetermined position by being sandwiched between the window top decorative edge and the lower panel. The exterior wall structure according to claim 2.

4. The window upper decorative edge has one arm portion of a substantially L-shape in cross section fixed to the plate-like body, and the other arm portion fixed to the outdoor surface of the lower protrusion, The exterior wall structure according to claim 3.

5. A sealing material and a backer are arranged between the other arm portion and the exterior material. The exterior wall structure according to claim 4.

6. The heat insulating material piece of the lower panel and the plate-like body are in close contact with each other. The exterior wall structure according to claim 1 .

7. Mortar is placed in the space formed by the indoor surface of the lower panel and the lower surface of the thermal insulation layer. The exterior wall structure according to claim 1 .

8. The mortar has a space at the lower end on the lower panel side, and a sealant is placed in this space. The exterior wall structure according to claim 7.

9. An exterior wall structure used for close-contact external insulation having a ventilation layer, a concrete exterior wall located on the side of the window opening; a heat insulating layer in contact with the outdoor surface of the concrete exterior wall; an exterior base material in contact with the outdoor surface of the thermal insulation layer and having a plurality of vertical grooves and a lateral protrusion protruding laterally from the side end of the thermal insulation layer; an exterior material in contact with the exterior surface of the exterior base material; Equipped with A horizontal panel having a piece of insulation material and a plate-like body arranged on its side is arranged in a space formed by the side of the insulation layer and the indoor surface of the horizontal protrusion of the exterior base material. External wall structure.

10. An exterior material is arranged across the side surface of the horizontal panel and the side end surface of the horizontal protrusion of the exterior base material. The exterior wall structure according to claim 9.

11. A window horizontal decorative edge having a substantially L-shaped cross section is arranged from the outdoor surface of the horizontal protrusion of the exterior base material to the side surface of the horizontal panel. The exterior wall structure according to claim 9.

12. The window side decorative edge has one arm portion of a substantially L-shape in cross section fixed to the plate-like body, and the other arm portion fixed to the outdoor surface of the horizontal protrusion, The exterior wall structure according to claim 11.

13. A sealing material and a backer are arranged between the other arm portion and the exterior material. The exterior wall structure according to claim 12.

14. Mortar is placed in the space formed by the indoor surface of the horizontal panel and the side surface of the insulation layer. The exterior wall structure according to claim 9.

Images