Wooden frame building unit

Abstract

To provide a wooden framework building unit in which a unit building can be constructed in a stable state and which can ensure sufficient shape-retaining rigidity so as not to cause distortion or deformation when lifted.SOLUTION: A wooden framework building unit 10 with a hexahedral shape for forming a building by being continuously assembled in a vertical direction and a horizontal direction comprises: corner structural column members 11 erected at four corners; an upper structural beam member 12 and a lower structural beam member 13 connecting the upper end portions and the lower end portions of the corner structural column members 11; a plane portion bearing face material 14 which closes an upper surface of the hexahedral shape and has a peripheral edge portion joined to the upper structural beam member 12 and attached; and a side portion bearing face material 15 having an upper edge and a lower edge joined to the upper structural beam member 12 and the lower structural beam member 13 respectively and attached to at least one of four side surfaces.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to wooden frame building units and buildings, and in particular to wooden frame building units that are connected and assembled vertically and / or horizontally to form a building, and to buildings that use such wooden frame building units. [Background technology]

[0002] In recent years, in order to shorten construction times and improve work efficiency when constructing buildings such as residential buildings, unit buildings have been proposed in which box-shaped building units are manufactured in advance in a factory or the like, preferably in a hexahedral shape that can fit in the bed of a large truck, and then transported to the construction site and assembled.Various wooden building units for forming such unit buildings have been developed (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3).

[0003] The wooden building units described in Patent Documents 1 to 3 are preferably formed using planar structural panel members made of cross-laminated timber, and these planar structural panel members are capable of imparting the desired structural strength to the unit building after it has been constructed.However, on the other hand, if the unit building to be constructed is a large-scale one, the wooden building unit will need to have considerable structural strength, and if the thickness of the structural panel members is increased to increase this strength, the weight of the building unit will increase, requiring a lot of effort during transportation and assembly.

[0004] In contrast to this, by manufacturing building units for post and beam construction that can be used to construct unit buildings using post and beam construction, with the column and beam members that form the framework of the wooden building unit as structural column and beam members that have the strength required for buildings built using post and beam construction, it is thought that it will be possible to effectively prevent the weight of the wooden building unit from increasing, even if the unit building built using post and beam construction is large and each building unit requires considerable structural strength. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-14055 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2016-205022 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2020-20178 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] When constructing a large-scale unit building by connecting and assembling wooden building units for post-and-beam construction in the vertical and horizontal directions, it is thought that the structural strength of the units will enable the building to be constructed in a stable state. However, because each building unit has a hexahedral framework structure made up of structural column members and structural beam members that form the framework, if the shape-retaining rigidity is insufficient, the building units are likely to warp or deform when lifted during transportation or installation at the building site. For this reason, it is necessary to ensure that wooden building units for post-and-beam construction have sufficient shape-retaining rigidity to prevent warping or deformation when lifted during transportation or installation at the building site.

[0007] The present invention aims to provide a wooden frame building unit that can stably construct a unit building using a frame construction method and that can ensure sufficient shape-retaining rigidity so that distortion or deformation does not occur when the unit is lifted during transportation or installation at the building site, and a building that uses the wooden frame building unit. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] The present invention achieves the above-mentioned objectives by providing a wooden post-and-beam building unit having a hexahedral shape that can be connected and assembled in the vertical and / or horizontal directions to form a building, the wooden post-and-beam building unit comprising: four corner structural column members arranged upright at each of the four corners of the hexahedron; and four upper structural beam members and four lower structural beam members arranged by connecting the upper and lower ends of these corner structural column members, the wooden post-and-beam building unit comprising: a flat strength-bearing surface material that closes at least one of the top and bottom faces of the hexahedron and has its peripheral edge joined and attached to the upper structural beam member or the lower structural beam member; and a side strength-bearing surface material that is attached to at least one of the four side faces of the hexahedron and has its upper edge and lower edge joined and attached to the upper structural beam member or the lower structural beam member, respectively.

[0009] In the wooden frame building unit of the present invention, it is preferable that the flat portion strength-bearing face materials and the side portion strength-bearing face materials are made of cross-laminated timber.

[0010] Furthermore, it is preferable that in the wooden post-and-frame building unit of the present invention, either one of the first side metal fittings or the second side metal fittings constituting the left-right connecting metal fittings is attached to the outer peripheral side of at least one of the upper structural beam member and the lower structural beam member at a predetermined position corresponding to the position of the other metal fitting attached to the post-and-frame wooden unit installed adjacent to it on the left or right.

[0011] Furthermore, it is preferable that the wooden post-and-beam building unit of the present invention is configured so that the left-right connecting hardware includes the first side hardware having an engaging recess, the second side hardware having an engaging protrusion, and a fixing hardware that fixes the first side hardware and the second side hardware in an engaged state.

[0012] Furthermore, in the wooden post-and-beam building unit of the present invention, it is preferable that the engaging recess of the first side metal fitting has a recess-side alignment inclined surface, and the engaging protrusion of the second side metal fitting has a protrusion-side alignment inclined surface.

[0013] In addition, in the wooden post-and-beam wooden building unit of the present invention, the first side hardware and the second side hardware each have a fixing locking hole drilled therein, and the fixing hardware is provided with a pair of fixing locking rods that are connected as a single unit via a connecting part and are inserted and locked into each of the fixing locking holes, and it is preferable that the fixing hardware is configured to fix the first side hardware and the second side hardware in an engaged state by inserting and locking each of the fixing locking rods into the fixing locking holes.

[0014] Furthermore, in the wooden post-and-beam building unit of the present invention, it is preferable that the connecting portions of the fixing hardware are formed to be expandable and retractable.

[0015] Furthermore, it is preferable that in the wooden post-and-frame building unit of the present invention, one of the first upper and lower metal fittings and the second upper and lower metal fittings that constitute the vertical connecting metal fittings are attached to at least one of the sides of the upper structural beam member and the lower structural beam member at a predetermined position corresponding to the position of the other metal fitting attached to the post-and-frame wooden unit that is installed stacked vertically.

[0016] Furthermore, it is preferable that the wooden post-and-beam building unit of the present invention is configured so that the vertical connecting metal fittings include the first and second upper and lower metal fittings, each having a tightly joined plate portion that is tightly joined to the side of the upper structural beam member or the side of the lower structural beam member, and an overlapping plate portion that has a fixed engagement opening and extends laterally from the tightly joined plate portion, and a fixing bolt member that is inserted and engaged into the fixed engagement opening that is aligned by overlapping the overlapping plate portions of the first and second upper and lower metal fittings.

[0017] Furthermore, in the wooden frame building unit of the present invention, the fixed locking openings formed in the overlapping plates of the first upper and lower metal fittings and the second upper and lower metal fittings are opening holes having an oval or elliptical shape, and it is preferable that the fixed locking openings of the first upper and lower metal fittings and the fixed locking openings of the second upper and lower metal fittings are formed so that their long axis directions extend diagonally opposite to the tightly joined plate portion so that the long axis directions of the opening holes intersect each other.

[0018] Furthermore, in the wooden post-and-beam building unit of the present invention, it is preferable that the first upper and lower metal fittings of the vertical connecting metal fittings are arranged so that the overlapping plate portions are bent at an obtuse angle in a U-shape relative to the tightly joined plate portions, protruding to the side, and the second upper and lower metal fittings are arranged so that the overlapping plate portions are bent at an acute angle in a V-shape relative to the tightly joined plate portions, protruding inward.

[0019] Furthermore, the present invention achieves the above-mentioned object by providing a building in which a plurality of the above-mentioned wooden frame building units are connected in the left-right direction and stacked in the vertical direction, thereby forming an integrated structure.

[0020] Furthermore, in the building of the present invention, it is preferable that all of the wooden post-and-beam building units have the same shape for the four corner structural column members that make up the wooden post-and-beam building unit, and for each of the four upper structural beam members and the four lower structural beam members. [Effects of the Invention]

[0021] The wooden post-and-beam building unit of the present invention, or a building using the wooden post-and-beam building unit, allows a unit building to be constructed in a stable state using a post-and-beam construction method, and also ensures that the wooden post-and-beam building unit has sufficient shape-retaining rigidity so that distortion or deformation does not occur when the wooden post-and-beam building unit is lifted during transportation or installation at the construction site. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0022] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a wooden framework building unit according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating a state in which wooden framework building units are connected and assembled in the vertical and horizontal directions. [Figure 3] Figure 3 is an explanatory diagram for construction in which the upper and lower combinations of wooden frame building units are changed. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the joints of wooden frame building units that are connected together in the left-right direction. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of part A in FIG. 4, illustrating the state in which the first side metal member and the second side metal member that constitute the left-right direction joint metal member are attached to the joint portion. [Figure 6] Figure 6(a) is an oblique view of the first side metal fitting and the second side metal fitting that make up the left-right direction connecting metal fitting, and Figure 6(b) is an oblique view explaining the state in which the first side metal fitting and the second side metal fitting are fixed using a fixing metal fitting. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the state in which the first upper and lower metal members and the second upper and lower metal members that constitute the vertical joint metal members are attached to the joint portion. [Figure 8] 8(a) and 8(b) are perspective views illustrating the state in which the first upper and lower metal fittings and the second upper and lower metal fittings are fixed using fixing bolt members. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a schematic front view illustrating another form of fixed locking opening formed in the overlapping plates of the first upper and lower metal members and the second upper and lower metal members. [Figure 10] 10(a) and 10(b) are schematic side views illustrating other forms of vertical metal joints. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0023] A wooden post-and-beam building unit 10 according to one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, is preferably assembled vertically and horizontally to form a framework structure 30 for a wooden building constructed using a post-and-beam construction method, as shown in FIG. 2. The building unit has a hexahedral framework structure formed by structural column members 11 and structural beam members 12, 13. The use of structural column members 11 and structural beam members 12 gives the wooden post-and-beam building unit 10 of this embodiment considerable structural strength, making it suitable for the construction of even large-scale buildings. Furthermore, the wooden post-and-beam building unit 10 of this embodiment can be manufactured in advance at a factory or the like, then transported to a building site by truck or the like and assembled there, enabling efficient construction of buildings. Even when constructing large-scale buildings, the weight of the unit itself is kept from increasing, reducing the effort required for transportation and installation at the building site. Furthermore, the building unit has sufficient shape-retaining rigidity to prevent distortion or deformation when lifted.

[0024] The wooden frame building unit 10 of this embodiment is a hexahedral-shaped building unit that is assembled in a series in the vertical and / or horizontal directions (in this embodiment, the vertical and horizontal directions) to form a building, and is made up of four corner structural column members 11 that are erected at each of the four corners of the hexahedral shape, and four upper structural beam members 12 and four lower structural beam members 13 that are connected to the upper and lower ends of these corner structural column members 11. The structure is configured to include a flat portion strength-bearing surface material 14 that closes at least one of the upper and lower surfaces of the hexahedron shape (in this embodiment, the upper surface) and has its peripheral edge joined and attached to the upper structural beam member 12 or the lower structural beam member 13 (in this embodiment, the upper structural beam member 12), and a side portion strength-bearing surface material 15 that has its upper edge and lower edge joined and attached to the upper structural beam member 12 and the lower structural beam member 13, respectively, on at least one of the four side surfaces of the hexahedron shape.

[0025] In addition, in this embodiment, as preferably shown in Figures 4 and 5, either the first side metal fitting 17 or the second side metal fitting 18 constituting the left-right direction connecting metal fitting 16 is attached to the outer peripheral side surface of at least one of the upper structural beam member 12 and the lower structural beam member 13 (in this embodiment, the outer peripheral side surface of the upper structural beam member 12) at a predetermined position corresponding to the position of the other metal fitting 17, 18 attached to the post-and-beam wooden unit 10 installed adjacent to it on the left and right.

[0026] Furthermore, in this embodiment, as preferably shown in Figure 7, on at least one of the side of the upper structural beam member 12 and the side of the lower structural beam member 13 (in this embodiment, the side of the upper structural beam member 12), one of the first upper and lower metal members 21 and the second upper and lower metal members 22 (in this embodiment, the first upper and lower metal member 21) that constitute the vertical connecting metal member 20 is attached at a predetermined position corresponding to the position of the other metal member (in this embodiment, the second upper and lower metal member 22) attached to the post-and-beam wooden unit 10 that is installed stacked vertically.

[0027] 1, a wooden frame building unit 10 includes four corner structural column members 11 each erected at the four corners of a hexahedron, four upper structural beam members 12 and four lower structural beam members 13 arranged to connect these corner structural column members 11, a flat bearing surface member 14 attached to close the top surface of the hexahedron, and side bearing surface members 15 attached with their upper and lower edges joined to the upper structural beam members 12 and the lower structural beam members 13, respectively. The wooden frame building unit 10 is formed to have a hexahedron-like frame shape that can be stacked, for example, on the bed of a truck and has the height of one story of a building, for example, a length of approximately 600 to 700 cm, a width of approximately 180 to 250 cm, and a height of approximately 250 to 320 cm.

[0028] The corner structural column members 11 are made of wooden square timbers with rectangular cross sections, including squares, measuring, for example, approximately 105 to 180 mm in length and width. They provide sufficient structural strength as framework members for a building constructed using a post-and-beam construction method. The corner structural column members 11 are arranged vertically and parallel to each other at the four corners of the hexahedral building unit 10. The upper ends of these four corner structural column members 11 are connected to each other via four upper structural beam members 12, and the lower ends are connected to each other via four lower structural beam members 13. Together with these four upper structural beam members 12 and four lower structural beam members 13, the corner structural column members 11 form a sturdy hexahedral framework. Reinforcing or auxiliary studs 11' can also be attached between each pair of adjacent corner structural column members 11 as needed. The studs 11' do not necessarily constitute structural column members.

[0029] The upper structural beam members 12 are made of wooden square timbers with rectangular cross sections, approximately 105 to 300 mm in length and width. Together with the lower structural beam members 13, which are joined via vertical joint metal fittings 20 (described later), they provide sufficient structural strength to serve as framework members for a building constructed using a post-and-beam construction method. The upper structural beam members 12 consist of a pair of upper long-side beam members 12a arranged on the long sides of the hexahedron along its length, and a pair of upper short-side beam members 12b arranged on the short sides along its width. A reinforcing or auxiliary intermediate beam 12b' may be attached between the pair of upper short-side beam members 12b, preferably parallel to the upper short-side beam members 12b. The intermediate beam 12b' does not necessarily have to constitute a structural beam member. In this embodiment, the peripheral portions are joined to the side surfaces of the intermediate beam 12b' and the upper structural beam member 12, so that the planar load-bearing surface material 14 is attached in a divided state, closing off the upper surface of the hexahedron shape.

[0030] The lower structural beam members 13 are made of wooden timbers with rectangular cross sections, typically measuring approximately 90-120 mm in length and width, including squares. Together with the upper structural beam members 12 and the foundation (not shown), which are joined via vertical joint metal fittings 20 (described later), they provide sufficient structural strength to serve as framework members for a building constructed using a post-and-beam construction method. The lower structural beam members 13 consist of a pair of long-side lower beam members 13a arranged on the long sides of the hexahedron along its length, and a pair of short-side lower beam members 13b arranged on the short sides along its width. A reinforcing or auxiliary intermediate beam 13b' may be attached between the pair of short-side lower beam members 13b, preferably parallel to the short-side lower beam members 13b. The intermediate beam 13b' does not necessarily have to constitute a structural beam member.

[0031] In this embodiment, the flat bearing surface panels 14 are attached to close the top surface of the hexahedral framework structure made up of corner structural column members 11, upper structural beam members 12, and lower structural beam members 13. As described above, the flat bearing surface panels 14 are provided in a divided state by joining their peripheral edges to the surrounding upper structural beam members 12 and intermediate beams 12b'. The flat bearing surface panels 14 are preferably made of cross-laminated timber (CLT) with a thickness of, for example, approximately 90 to 150 mm. Using cross-laminated timber for the flat bearing surface panels 14 makes it possible to suppress deformation of the structural frame in the event of an earthquake, improve the aesthetic appearance as a ceiling finishing material, and suppress the spread of fire upwards in the event of a fire.

[0032] In this embodiment, side load-bearing panel 15 is attached to at least one of the four sides of the hexahedral frame structure made up of corner structural column members 11, upper structural beam members 12, and lower structural beam members 13. As shown in Figure 1, the side load-bearing panel 15 is attached to one or two appropriate locations on the hexahedral side, preferably in an area surrounded by upper structural beam members 12, lower structural beam members 13, corner structural column members 11, and studs 11'. The upper and lower edges are joined to upper structural beam member 12 and lower structural beam member 13, respectively, and preferably the left and right side edges are joined to corner structural column members 11 and studs 11'. For the same reasons as for flat load-bearing panel 14, side load-bearing panel 15 is preferably made of orthogonally laminated wood. The flat portion strength-bearing surface material 14 and the side portion strength-bearing surface material 15 can be formed using various other known strength-bearing surface materials such as structural plywood, in addition to cross-laminated timber.

[0033] The wooden post-and-beam building units 10 of this embodiment, configured as described above, are manufactured in advance at a factory or the like, then transported by truck or other vehicle to a construction site. There, they are preferably assembled vertically and horizontally to form a framework structure 30 for a wooden building constructed using the post-and-beam construction method, as shown in FIG. 2 . That is, the wooden post-and-beam building units 10 are lifted, for example, using heavy lifting equipment, and loaded onto a truck or the like at the factory or the like. At the construction site, they are similarly lifted from the truck or the like using heavy lifting equipment and installed in a predetermined position. The wooden post-and-beam building units 10 of this embodiment are constructed using frame members, including corner structural columns 11, upper structural beams 12, and lower structural beams 13. Therefore, compared to conventional building units that use shear wall panels, this effectively prevents the need for thicker panels and the resulting weight increase of the units themselves, even when constructing large-scale buildings. This effectively reduces the effort required for transportation and installation at the construction site. Furthermore, by providing a part of the hexahedron shape with a flat surface strength material 14 and a side surface strength material 15, it is possible to ensure sufficient shape retention rigidity so that distortion or deformation does not occur when the structure is lifted.

[0034] Therefore, with the wooden post-and-beam building unit 10 of this embodiment, even when constructing a large-scale unit building using the post-and-beam construction method, it is possible to construct it stably and efficiently, and it is also possible to ensure that the wooden post-and-beam building unit 10 has sufficient shape-retaining rigidity so that distortion or deformation does not occur when the wooden post-and-beam building unit 10 is lifted during transportation or installation at the construction site.

[0035] Furthermore, by connecting multiple wooden frame building units 10 in the left-right direction and stacking multiple units vertically together, preferably using left-right connecting metal fittings 16 and up-down connecting metal fittings 20 described below, it becomes possible to more efficiently and easily form unit buildings, preferably using the frame construction method, or buildings that include such unit buildings as part of them.

[0036] Furthermore, in this embodiment, it is preferable that all of the wooden post-and-beam building units 10 that make up a unit building constructed using the post-and-beam construction method have the same specifications, with the four corner structural column members 11 and each of the four upper structural beam members 12 and lower structural beam members 13 that make up the wooden post-and-beam building unit 10 having the same shape.As a result, as shown in Figure 3, it is possible to dismantle the unit building, transport the dismantled wooden post-and-beam building units 10 to another construction site, and then reassemble the transported wooden post-and-beam building units 10 to reconstruct a new unit building.As the specifications of the wooden post-and-beam building units 10 are standardized, it becomes possible to easily construct a new unit building with a different arrangement of wooden post-and-beam building units 10, for example by swapping the wooden post-and-beam building units 10 on the upper and lower floors.

[0037] Furthermore, in this embodiment, when the wooden post-and-beam building units 10 are manufactured in advance in a factory or the like, left-right connecting metal fittings 16 and up-down connecting metal fittings 20 are attached to predetermined positions of the upper structural beam members 12 and lower structural beam members 13 of the wooden post-and-beam building units 10. This makes it possible to more smoothly, efficiently and easily assemble the transported wooden post-and-beam building units 10 at the building construction site by joining them side by side or stacking them up and down to integrate them into a single unit.

[0038] That is, in this embodiment, as shown in Figures 4 and 5, preferably on the outer peripheral side surface of at least one of the upper structural beam member 12 and the lower structural beam member 13 that make up the wooden post-and-frame building unit 10, either the first side metal member 17 or the second side metal member 18 of the left-right directional connecting metal member 16 is attached at predetermined positions corresponding to the positions of the other metal members 17, 18 attached to the post-and-frame wooden unit 10 installed adjacent to it on the left and right, preferably at four locations near the corners of the hexahedron shape of the pair of long side upper beam members 12a.

[0039] In this embodiment, as shown in Figures 6(a) and (b), the left-right connecting metal fitting 16 is composed of a first side surface fitting 17, a second side surface fitting 18, and a fixing metal fitting 19. The first side surface fitting 17 is a thick metal plate member having a rectangular front shape, for example, approximately 50 to 100 mm in length and width, and an engaging recess 17a, preferably having a horizontally elongated isosceles trapezoidal cross section, is formed on the surface of the first side surface fitting 17 facing the second side surface fitting 18, so as to span a pair of long sides. Because the engaging recess 17a has a horizontally elongated isosceles trapezoidal cross section, it is provided with recess-side alignment inclined surfaces 17b on both sides in the long side direction. A pair of locking holes 17c are drilled through the long side of the first side metal fitting 17, extending parallel to each other, on either side of the engagement recess 17a. The locking holes 17c are used to insert and lock the locking rods 19a of the fixing metal fitting 19. The locking holes 17c preferably have a circular hollow cross-sectional shape. The first side metal fitting 17 also has multiple screw holes (not shown) at appropriate positions, penetrating the front and back of the front portion. By driving screws into these screw holes toward the outer periphery of the upper structural beam member 12, the first side metal fitting 17 can be firmly attached to the outer periphery of the upper structural beam member 12.

[0040] In this embodiment, the second side metal fitting 18 is also a thick metal plate member having a rectangular front shape, e.g., approximately 50-100 mm in length and width. The surface of the second side metal fitting 18 facing the first side metal fitting 17 has an engaging protrusion 18a, preferably having a horizontally elongated isosceles trapezoidal cross section, formed across the pair of long sides. The engaging protrusion 18a has a horizontally elongated isosceles trapezoidal cross section, which provides protrusion-side alignment inclined surfaces 18b on both sides of the long side. A pair of fixing locking holes 18c, for inserting and locking the fixing locking rod 19a of the fixing metal fitting 19, are drilled through the pair of long sides and extend parallel to each other on either side of the engaging protrusion 18a on the side end surfaces of the long sides of the second side metal fitting 18. The fixing locking holes 18c preferably have a circular hollow cross section. In addition, multiple screw holes (not shown) for fixing are formed at appropriate positions in the second side surface metal fitting 18, penetrating the front and back of the front portion. By driving fixing screws into these screw holes toward the outer peripheral side surface of the upper structural beam member 12, it becomes possible to firmly attach the second side surface metal fitting 18 to a predetermined position on the outer peripheral side surface of the upper structural beam member 12.

[0041] In this embodiment, the fixing hardware 19 that fixes the first side hardware 17 and the second side hardware 18 in an engaged state is made of a metal material and is composed of a pair of fixing locking rods 19a that are simultaneously inserted and locked into both the fixing locking holes 17c of the first side hardware 17 and the fixing locking holes 18c of the second side hardware 18, and a connecting portion 19b that connects one end of the pair of fixing locking rods 19a together. The pair of fixing locking rods 19a are preferably inserted and locked into the pair of fixing locking holes 17c, 18c of the first side metal fitting 17, 18 attached to the superstructural beam member 12 of one adjacent wooden post-and-beam building unit 10, with the engaging protrusions 18a preferably fitting into the engaging recesses 17a, and the second side metal fitting 18 attached to the superstructural beam member 12 of the other wooden post-and-beam building unit 10 are preferably overlapped in close contact with each other, so that the fixing metal fitting 16 can fix the first side metal fitting 17 and the second side metal fitting 18 in an engaged state. This allows the fixing metal fitting 16 to firmly maintain the overlapping state of the first side metal fitting 17 and the second side metal fitting 18 via the connecting parts 19b, and also makes it possible to easily connect adjacent wooden post-and-beam building units 10 to which these metal fittings 17, 18 are attached.

[0042] Furthermore, according to this embodiment, the engaging recess 17a of the first side hardware 17 has recess-side alignment inclined surfaces 17b on both sides of the horizontally elongated isosceles trapezoidal cross-sectional shape, and the engaging protrusion 18a of the second side hardware 18 has protrusion-side alignment inclined surfaces 18b on both sides of the horizontally elongated isosceles trapezoidal cross-sectional shape. Therefore, by rubbing these alignment inclined surfaces 18b together, when installing one wooden post-and-beam building unit 10 adjacent to the other wooden post-and-beam building unit 10 on its side, it is possible to easily position the other wooden post-and-beam building unit 10.

[0043] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the fixed hardware 19 of the left-right connecting hardware 16 can be preferably made expandable by configuring the connecting portion 19b, for example, by a cap nut integrally joined to one end of one fixed locking rod 19a and a male threaded bolt integrally joined to one end of the other fixed locking rod 19a, and screwing the male threaded bolt into the cap nut. As a result, when positioning one adjacent wooden post-and-beam building unit 10 on another adjacent wooden post-and-beam building unit 10 by overlapping the second side metal fittings 18 on the first side metal fittings 17, even if there is an error in the wooden post-and-beam building units 10 and these metal fittings 17, 18 cannot be overlapped accurately and the positions of the fixing locking holes 17c, 18c are misaligned relative to one another, these errors can be absorbed by extending and contracting, making it possible to insert and lock a pair of fixing locking rods 19a into each of the fixing locking holes 17c, 18c, and the pair of adjacent wooden post-and-beam building units 10 into one stable unit using the fixing metal fittings 19.

[0044] 7, either one of the first upper and lower metal fittings 21 and the second upper and lower metal fittings 22 constituting the vertical joint metal fitting 20 is attached to at least one of the side surfaces of the upper structural beam member 12 and the side surfaces of the lower structural beam member 13, for example, preferably on the inner side surface of the upper structural beam member 12, at a predetermined position corresponding to the position of the other metal fitting, the second upper and lower metal fitting 22, which is attached to preferably the inner side surface of the lower structural beam member 13 of the post-and-frame wooden unit 10 stacked above, as the post-and-frame wooden unit 10 is installed vertically stacked. In other words, the first upper and lower metal fittings 21 constituting the vertical joint metal fitting 20 are attached in correspondence with the positions of the second upper and lower metal fittings 22, preferably at six positions, on both side portions near the corners of the hexahedron shape of the pair of long side upper beam members 12a, and in the middle portion between them.

[0045] In this embodiment, as shown in Figures 8(a) and (b), the vertical connecting metal fittings 20 are composed of first and second upper and lower metal fittings 21 and 22 each having a tightly joined plate portion 21a, 22a that is tightly joined to the side of the upper structural beam member 12 or the side of the lower structural beam member 13, and overlapping plate portions 21b, 22b that have fixed engagement openings 21c, 22c and extend laterally from the tightly joined plate portions 21a, 22a, and a fixing bolt member 23 that is inserted and engaged into the fixed engagement openings 21c, 22c that are aligned by overlapping the overlapping plate portions 21b, 22b of the first and second upper and lower metal fittings 21 and 22.

[0046] The first upper and lower metal fittings 21 are made of metal plate members, e.g., approximately 6-9 mm thick and 150-300 mm wide. The closely joined plate portion 21a, e.g., approximately 150-300 mm long, is joined by welding or the like to the overlapping plate portion 21b, e.g., approximately 50-150 mm long, so that the overlapping plate portion 21b is bent at an obtuse angle into a dogleg shape. The overlapping plate portion 21b preferably protrudes laterally inward when the closely joined plate portion 21a is closely joined to, preferably the inner side surface of, the upper structural beam member 12. A fixing locking opening 21c is formed, preferably in the center, of the overlapping plate portion 21b, through which a fixing bolt member 23 is fastened. The closely joined plate portion 21a has a plurality of screw holes 21d for fixing, which penetrate from the front to the back, at appropriate positions. By driving fixing screws (not shown) into these screw holes 21d, preferably toward the inner side of the upper structural beam member 12, it is possible to firmly attach the first upper and lower metal fittings 21 to the specified position of the upper structural beam member 12.

[0047] Like the first upper and lower metal fittings 21, the second upper and lower metal fittings 22 are made of metal plate members, e.g., approximately 6 to 9 mm thick and 150 to 300 mm wide. The closely joined plate portion 22a, e.g., approximately 150 to 300 mm long, is joined by welding or the like so that the overlapping plate portion 22b, e.g., approximately 150 to 300 mm long, is bent at an acute angle to form a square bracket shape. The overlapping plate portion 22b preferably protrudes inwardly when the closely joined plate portion 22a is closely joined to, preferably the inner side surface of, the lower structural beam member 13. A fixing locking opening 22c is formed, preferably in the center of the overlapping plate portion 22b, through which the fixing bolt member 23 is secured. The closely joined plate portion 22a has a plurality of fixing screw holes 22d formed at appropriate positions, penetrating from the front to the back. By driving fixing screws (not shown) into these screw holes 22d, preferably toward the inner side of the lower structural beam member 13, it is possible to firmly attach the second upper and lower metal fittings 22 to the specified position of the upper structural beam member 13.

[0048] In this embodiment, for example, a male-threaded bolt with a male-threaded ridge formed on its outer surface can be used as the fixing bolt member 23 that is inserted and locked into the locking openings 21c, 22c of the first and second upper and lower metal fittings 21 and 22 that are aligned when assembling a pair of vertically stacked wooden frame building units 10. By inserting this male-threaded bolt into the aligned locking openings 21c, 22c and tightening it using, for example, a nut member, the overlapping plate portion 21b of the first upper and lower metal fitting 21 and the overlapping plate portion 22b of the second upper and lower metal fitting 22 can be firmly fixed in close contact with each other. This makes it possible to easily connect and assemble a pair of stacked wooden frame building units 10, to which the first and second upper and lower metal fittings 21 and 22 are fixed, as a single unit in the vertical direction.

[0049] In addition, in this embodiment, the fixed locking openings 21c, 22c formed in the overlapping plates 21b, 22b of the first upper and lower metal fittings 21 and the second upper and lower metal fittings 22 can be opening holes preferably having an elongated oval or elliptical shape, as shown in Figure 9, for example, and the fixed locking opening 21c of the first upper and lower metal fittings 21 and the fixed locking opening 22c of the second upper and lower metal fittings 22 can be formed with their long axis directions extending diagonally in the opposite direction to the tightly joined plate portions 21a, 22a so that the long axis directions of these opening holes 21c, 22c intersect each other. As a result, when the overlapping plate 22b of the second upper and lower metal fittings 22 is overlapped on the overlapping plate 21b of the first upper and lower metal fittings 21 to position the upper wooden post-and-beam building unit 10 on top of the lower wooden post-and-beam building unit 10, even if there is an error in the wooden post-and-beam building unit 10 and the overlapping plates 21b, 22b cannot be overlapped accurately and the positions of the fixed locking openings 21c, 22c are shifted relative to each other, this positional shift can be absorbed and the pair of fixed locking openings 21c, 22c can be matched at their intersection, making it possible to tighten the fixing bolt members 23 into the fixed locking openings 21c, 22c at the matched parts, and making it possible to join a pair of vertically adjacent wooden post-and-beam building units 10 together in a stable manner.

[0050] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the first upper and lower metal fittings 21 are each attached, preferably to the inner side of the long side upper beam members 12a on both sides of the upper structural beam member 12 of the lower wooden post-and-beam building unit 10, with the diagonally inclined overlapping plate portion 21b facing outward, and the second upper and lower metal fittings 22 are each attached, preferably to the inner side of the long side lower beam members 13a on both sides of the lower structural beam member 13 of the upper wooden post-and-beam building unit 10, at a position corresponding to the first upper and lower metal fittings 21 attached to the upper post-and-beam building unit 10, with the diagonally inclined overlapping plate portion 22b facing inward. As a result, when positioning an upper wooden post-and-beam building unit 10 on top of a lower wooden post-and-beam building unit 10, the upper wooden post-and-beam building unit 10 is lowered while rubbing the outward-facing overlapping plate portions 21b of the first upper and lower metal fittings 21 attached to the upper beam members 12a on the long sides of the lower wooden post-and-beam building unit 10 against the inward-facing overlapping plate portions 22b of the second upper and lower metal fittings 22 attached to the lower beam members 13a on the long sides of the upper wooden post-and-beam building unit 10, making it easy to position the upper wooden post-and-beam building unit 10 in the width direction relative to the lower wooden post-and-beam building unit 10.

[0051] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the first upper and lower metal fittings 21 can be attached to the upper short side beam members 12b on both sides of the upper structural beam member 12 of the lower wooden post-and-beam building unit 10, preferably on the inner side, with the diagonally inclined overlapping plate portion 21b facing outward, and the second upper and lower metal fittings 22 can be attached to the lower short side beam members 13b on both sides of the lower structural beam member 13 of the upper wooden post-and-beam building unit 10, preferably on the inner side, at a position corresponding to the first upper and lower metal fittings 21 attached to the upper post-and-beam building unit 10, with the diagonally inclined overlapping plate portion 22b facing inward. As a result, when positioning an upper wooden post-and-beam building unit 10 on top of a lower wooden post-and-beam building unit 10, the upper wooden post-and-beam building unit 10 is lowered while rubbing the outward-facing overlapping plate portions 21b of the first upper and lower metal fittings 21 attached to the upper beam members 12b on the short sides of the lower wooden post-and-beam building unit 10 against the inward-facing overlapping plate portions 22b of the second upper and lower metal fittings 22 attached to the lower beam members 13b on the short sides of the upper wooden post-and-beam building unit 10, making it easy to position the upper wooden post-and-beam building unit 10 in the longitudinal direction relative to the lower wooden post-and-beam building unit 10.

[0052] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment and various modifications are possible. For example, the vertical connecting metal fittings do not necessarily have to have the first upper and lower metal fittings bent in a dogleg shape and the second upper and lower metal fittings bent in a V-shape. As shown in FIG. 10(a), the first and second upper and lower metal fittings may also be bent in an L-shape. As shown in FIG. 10(b), the first and second upper and lower metal fittings can both be formed in a V-shape and joined and fixed together via a separately provided V-shaped auxiliary metal fitting. The first and second upper and lower metal fittings that make up the vertical connecting metal fittings can also be integrated with various other metal fittings attached to the wooden frame building unit, such as metal fittings that connect bearing walls of upper and lower floors that bear seismic forces or metal fittings that connect bearing walls to the foundation, and used as part of these metal fittings. The wooden frame building unit of the present invention can also be combined with a building unit that is different from the wooden frame building unit, for example, one that uses structural panel members, to form a building that is not built using the frame construction method. [Explanation of symbols]

[0053] 10 Wooden frame building units 11 Structural column members 11' studs 12 Beam members for superstructure 12a Upper beam member on the long side 12b Upper beam member of short side 12b' Intermediate beam 13 Substructure beams 13a Lower beam member of long side 13b Lower beam member of short side 13b' Intermediate beam 14 Plane strength face material 15 Side bearing surface material 16 Left and right direction joint metal fittings 16' Lower stud member (vertical frame member) 17 First side hardware 17a Engagement recess 17b Recessed side alignment inclined surface 17c Fixed locking hole 18 Second side hardware 18a Engagement protrusion 18b Convex side alignment inclined surface 18c Fixed locking hole 19 Fixing hardware 19a Fixed locking rod 19b Connection part 20 Vertical joint metal fittings 21 First upper and lower hardware 21a Closely bonded plate section 21b Overlapping plate part 21c Fixed locking opening 21d screw hole 22 Second upper and lower hardware 22a Closely bonded plate section 22b Overlapping plate part 22c Fixed locking opening 22d screw hole 23 Fixing bolt member

Claims

1. A wooden frame building unit having a hexahedral shape that can be connected and assembled in the vertical and / or horizontal directions to form a building, The structure is composed of four corner structural column members arranged upright at each of the four corners of the hexahedron shape, and four upper structural beam members and four lower structural beam members arranged by connecting the upper and lower ends of these corner structural column members, and a flat portion strength-bearing surface material that closes at least one of the upper and lower surfaces of the hexahedron shape and has its peripheral edge joined and attached to the upper structural beam member or the lower structural beam member, and a side portion strength-bearing surface material that has its upper edge and lower edge joined and attached to the upper structural beam member and the lower structural beam member, respectively, on at least one of the four side surfaces of the hexahedron shape, A wooden post-and-beam building unit in which either a first side metal fitting or a second side metal fitting constituting a left-right connecting metal fitting is attached to the outer peripheral side of at least one of the upper structural beam member and the lower structural beam member at a predetermined position corresponding to the position of the other metal fitting attached to the wooden post-and-beam building unit installed adjacent to it on the left or right.

2. 2. A wooden frame building unit according to claim 1, wherein the planar load-bearing face material and the side load-bearing face material are made of cross-laminated timber.

3. A wooden post-and-beam building unit as described in claim 1, wherein the left-right connecting hardware is composed of the first side hardware having an engaging recess, the second side hardware having an engaging protrusion, and a fixing hardware that fixes the first side hardware and the second side hardware in an engaged state.

4. A wooden frame building unit as described in claim 3, wherein the engaging recess of the first side metal fitting has a recess-side alignment inclined surface, and the engaging protrusion of the second side metal fitting has a protrusion-side alignment inclined surface.

5. A wooden post-and-beam building unit as described in claim 3 or 4, wherein the first side metal fitting and the second side metal fitting each have a fixing locking hole drilled therein, and the fixing metal fitting has a pair of fixing locking rods that are connected as a whole via a connecting portion and are inserted and locked into each of the fixing locking holes, and by inserting and locking each of the fixing locking rods into the fixing locking holes, the fixing metal fitting fixes the first side metal fitting and the second side metal fitting in an engaged state.

6. 6. A wooden frame building unit according to claim 5, wherein the connecting portions of the fixing hardware are formed to be extendable and contractible.

7. A wooden post-and-beam building unit as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein one of the first upper and lower metal fittings and the second upper and lower metal fittings constituting the vertical connecting metal fittings is attached to at least one of the sides of the upper structural beam member and the lower structural beam member at a predetermined position corresponding to the position of the other metal fitting attached to the wooden post-and-beam building unit that is installed stacked one on top of the other.

8. The wooden post-and-beam building unit described in claim 7 is composed of the first upper and second upper metal fittings, each having a tightly joined plate portion that is tightly joined to the side of the upper structural beam member or the side of the lower structural beam member, and an overlapping plate portion that has a fixed engagement opening and extends laterally from the tightly joined plate portion, and a fixing bolt member that is inserted and engaged into the fixed engagement opening that is aligned by overlapping the overlapping plate portions of the first upper and second upper and lower metal fittings.

9. The fixed locking openings formed in the overlapping plates of the first upper and lower metal fittings and the second upper and lower metal fittings are opening holes having an oval or elliptical shape, and the fixed locking openings of the first upper and lower metal fittings and the fixed locking openings of the second upper and lower metal fittings are formed so that their long axis directions extend diagonally in the opposite direction to the tightly joined plate portion so that the long axis directions of the opening holes intersect each other.

10. A wooden post-and-beam building unit as described in claim 8 or 9, wherein the first upper and lower metal fittings of the vertical connecting metal fittings are arranged so that the overlapping plate portions are bent at an obtuse angle relative to the tightly joined plate portions in a U-shape and protrude to the side, and the second upper and lower metal fittings are arranged so that the overlapping plate portions are bent at an acute angle relative to the tightly joined plate portions in a V-shape and protrude inward.

11. A building formed by integrating multiple wooden post-and-beam building units described in any one of claims 1 to 10, arranged side by side in the left-right direction and stacked in the up-down direction.

12. A building as described in claim 11, wherein all of the wooden frame building units have the four corner structural column members, and the four upper structural beam members and the four lower structural beam members that constitute the wooden frame building unit, each having the same shape.

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