drilling rig

Abstract

To provide an excavation device capable of performing expansion excavation by successively displacing a small-diameter expansion wing and a large-diameter expansion wing from a contracted position to an expanded position with a simple configuration without providing special mechanisms such as a restricting means or a releasing means for the expansion wing.SOLUTION: Excavation device has an excavation head at the lower end of the auger, and above the excavation head are expansion wings 3, 4 that displace between the expanded position, which is open outward, and the contracted position, which is smaller than the expanded position. During forward rotation, the excavation head excavates downward, and during reverse rotation, the expansion wings 3, 4 are displaced from the contracted position to the expanded position for expansion excavation. The expansion wings have a small-diameter expansion wing 4, which has a small diameter for expansion excavation, and a large-diameter expansion wing 3, which has a large diameter for expansion excavation, and are provided at the top and bottom. The large-diameter expansion wing 3 has a curved protrusion 14. When in the contracted position, the tip of the large-diameter expansion wing 3 is shorter in distance from the rotation axis O of the auger than in distance from the rotation axis O of the auger of the protrusion 14.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a drilling rig provided with diverging wings. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventional excavation equipment has a configuration in which one type of expansion blade is switched between two positions, a retracted position and an expanded position, so when attempting to form a large-diameter root compaction bulb, the excavation rotation torque load becomes excessive, which can lead to a situation in which the expansion blade is unable to excavate. Therefore, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2006-299526 (Patent Document 1) describes an excavation equipment in which a small-diameter expansion blade and a large-diameter expansion blade are provided on the same plane, and mechanisms such as a restraining means for restraining the displacement of the large-diameter expansion blade when the small-diameter expansion blade expands, and a release means for releasing the restraint of this restraining means are provided.

[0003] However, the environment in which the expansion wings operate is harsh, underground. Moreover, if they malfunction, they cannot be easily repaired because they are underground. Therefore, providing special mechanisms, such as means for restraining and releasing the expansion wings, as in the past, would complicate the structure, risk malfunctioning, and require a great deal of labor for maintenance. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-299526 DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] As mentioned above, if only one type of expansion blade is used, the excavation rotation torque load will be excessive when attempting to form a large-diameter root compaction bulb. However, if small-diameter and large-diameter expansion blades are provided and special mechanisms such as expansion blade restraint and release means are provided, the structure will become complicated. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an excavation device that can perform expansion excavation by sequentially displacing a small-diameter expansion wing and a large-diameter expansion wing from a contracted position to an expanded position with a simple configuration, without providing any special mechanisms such as expansion wing restraining means or release means. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The excavation device of the present invention has an excavation head provided at the lower end of the auger, and expansion wings provided above the excavation head that are movable between an expanded position that opens outward and a contracted position that is contracted from the expanded position. The expansion wings include a small-diameter expansion wing with a small diameter for expanding excavation and a large-diameter expansion wing with a large diameter for expanding excavation, and are provided above and below. The large-diameter expansion wing has a curved protrusion, and when in the contracted position, the distance of the tip of the large-diameter expansion wing from the auger rotation shaft is shorter than the distance of the protrusion from the auger rotation shaft.

[0007] In addition, when a small-diameter expansion wing and a large-diameter expansion wing are provided above and below, the small-diameter expansion wing may be provided above the large-diameter expansion wing. Furthermore, in the case of a small-diameter expansion wing and a large-diameter expansion wing provided above and below, the small-diameter expansion wing may be provided below the large-diameter expansion wing. [Effects of the Invention]

[0008] According to the present invention, the large-diameter expansion blade is provided with a curved protrusion, and when in the retracted position, the tip of the large-diameter expansion blade is closer to the auger's rotation axis than the protrusion. Therefore, the protrusion abuts against the wall of the hole drilled by the drilling head, preventing the large-diameter expansion blade from moving to the enlarged position. Therefore, even if the drilling head is reversed, the large-diameter expansion blade does not immediately excavate the wall of the hole to enlarge it. Meanwhile, the small-diameter expansion blade immediately moves to the enlarged position and excavates the wall of the hole to enlarge it. After the small-diameter expansion blade expands the wall of the hole, the large-diameter expansion blade rises or descends to the position of the small-diameter expansion blade. The protrusion, which had been abutting the wall of the hole, cannot abut against it because the wall has collapsed, and the large-diameter expansion blade moves to the enlarged position. Then, the large-diameter expansion blade, displaced to the enlarged position, excavates the wall of the hole to enlarge it.

[0009] In this way, rather than forming a large-diameter root protection bulb in one go using the large-diameter expansion blade, the small-diameter expansion blade first expands the root protection bulb, and then the large-diameter expansion blade further expands it. This two-stage expansion reduces the load on the excavation rotation torque. Furthermore, the large-diameter expansion blade is held in the contracted position by a protrusion on the large-diameter expansion blade, resulting in a simple structure. This simple structure reduces the risk of breakdowns and the labor required for maintenance. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0010] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a front view of the lower element of the auger of the drilling rig. [Figure 2] FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing the state when all the expansion wings are in the retracted position. [Figure 3] 1A and 1B are diagrams illustrating the expansion wing in the contracted position and the expanded position. [Figure 4] FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of the state after drilling by the small-diameter expansion blade. [Figure 5] FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of the state after drilling by the large-diameter expansion blade. [Figure 6] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing variations of drilled holes formed by a drilling device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0011] The purpose of enlarging the root protection bulb in two stages and reducing the excavation rotation torque load without using special mechanisms such as restricting or releasing means for the expansion wing was achieved by providing a curved protrusion on the large-diameter expansion wing. [Example]

[0012] Next, one embodiment of the drilling device of the present invention will be described with reference to Figures 1 to 5. Figure 1 is a front view of the lower element of the auger of the drilling device. Figure 2 is an explanatory diagram of when all the expansion wings are in the retracted position. Figure 3 is an explanatory diagram of the expansion wings in the retracted position and the expanded position. Figure 4 is an explanatory diagram of the state where drilling is performed by the small-diameter expansion wings. Figure 5 is an explanatory diagram of the state where drilling is performed by the large-diameter expansion wings. Figure 6 is an explanatory diagram showing variations of the drilled hole formed by the drilling device. Note that in the explanatory diagrams of Figures 2 to 5, the small-diameter expansion wings and the large-diameter expansion wings appear to be on the same plane, but as shown in Figure 1, the small-diameter expansion wings are located above the large-diameter expansion wings.

[0013] The excavation equipment of the embodiment performs enlarged excavation to form root-hardening bulbs, similar to conventional excavation equipment. The auger is composed of multiple elements, with the lower element 1 shown in Figure 1 attached to the bottom. The lower element 1 has a drilling head 2 at its lower end. A large-diameter expansion wing 3 is provided above the drilling head 2, and a small-diameter expansion wing 4 is provided above the large-diameter expansion wing 3. A connecting part 6 is provided at the upper end of the lower element 1 for connecting it to the upper element.

[0014] As shown in Figures 2 to 5, the large diameter expansion blade 3 is configured so that the diameter of the expanded excavation is larger than that of the small diameter expansion blade 4. The large diameter expansion blade 3 is attached to the auger body 11 so as to be able to swing about a swing shaft 12. Excavation claws 13 are provided below the tip of the large diameter expansion blade 3. The large diameter expansion blade 3 also has a curved protrusion 14. When the large diameter expansion blade 3 is in the retracted position, this protrusion 14 protrudes in a direction away from the rotation axis O of the auger. The distance from the tip of the large diameter expansion blade 3 to the rotation axis O is shorter than the distance of the protrusion 14 from the rotation axis O.

[0015] The small-diameter expansion blade 4, located above the large-diameter expansion blade 3, is attached to the auger body 11 so as to be able to swing about a swing shaft 22. Excavation claws 23 are provided above and below the tip of the small-diameter expansion blade 4.

[0016] When forming a root-hardening bulb using the excavation device configured in this way, first, the auger and excavation head 2 are rotated forward (clockwise in Figures 2 to 5) to excavate downward. After the downward excavation is completed, the auger is rotated in the reverse direction and pulled upward. Then, the small-diameter expansion blade 4 and the large-diameter expansion blade 3 are sequentially displaced to the expansion position, and expansion excavation is performed.

[0017] The displacement of the small-diameter expansion vane 4 and the large-diameter expansion vane 3 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5 and FIG. 6(a). As shown in Figure 2, when the auger is rotating in the forward direction (clockwise), the small-diameter expansion blade 4 and the large-diameter expansion blade 3 are in their contracted positions. The circular line B indicates the wall surface of the hole 50 (see Figure 6(a)) drilled by the drilling head 2, and the tip of the small-diameter expansion blade 4 and the protrusion 14 of the large-diameter expansion blade 3 move along this line B.

[0018] When the auger rotates in the reverse direction (counterclockwise) from the state shown in FIG. 2, the tip of the small-diameter expansion blade 4 excavates the wall of the excavated hole 50 indicated by the circular line B, and the small-diameter expansion blade 4 moves from the contracted position shown on the left side of FIG. 3 to the enlarged position shown on the right side of FIG. 3. The rotating small-diameter expansion blade 4 then enlarges the excavation, forming an enlarged excavated hole 51 (see FIG. 6(a)). The circular line S indicates the wall of the enlarged excavated hole 51 created by the small-diameter expansion blade 4. Meanwhile, the large-diameter expansion blade 3, located below the small-diameter expansion blade 4, has its protrusion 14 move along line B on the wall of the excavated hole 50. That is, the protrusion 14 abuts against the wall of the excavated hole 50, preventing it from moving to the enlarged position. Therefore, the contracted position is maintained, and the tip of the large-diameter expansion blade 3 does not reach line B.

[0019] Next, when the auger is raised and the large-diameter expansion blade 3 reaches the hole 51 enlarged by the small-diameter expansion blade 4, the protruding portion 14 of the large-diameter expansion blade 3 is released from the constraint of the wall of the hole 50 and comes into contact with the wall of the hole 51 enlarged by the small-diameter expansion blade 4. This state is shown in Figure 4. The distance from the tip of the large-diameter expansion blade 3 to the rotation axis O is approximately the same as the distance from the rotation axis O of the protruding portion 14. Then, the tip of the rotating large-diameter expansion blade 3 begins to excavate the wall of the hole 51 enlarged by the small-diameter expansion blade 4, as indicated by the circular line S.

[0020] The large-diameter expansion blade 3 then shifts to the expanded position shown in FIG. 5, and the rotating large-diameter expansion blade 3 enlarges and excavates the hole, forming a large-diameter enlarged excavation hole 52 (see FIG. 6(a)). The circular line L indicates the wall surface of the enlarged excavation hole 52 created by the large-diameter expansion blade 3. In this state, the auger is moved up and down to perform enlargement excavation to form the root-hardening bulb portion. The up and down movement of the auger must lift the expansion blade from the lower end to the upper end of the root-hardening bulb portion at least once. It is also possible to further expand and excavate the hole up to the aboveground portion from this state, forming an enlarged excavation hole 52 as shown in FIG. 6(a').

[0021] As mentioned above, in the initial stage of the auger's reverse rotation, the large-diameter expansion blade 3 is prevented from moving to the expansion position by its protrusion 14 abutting against the wall surface B of the hole 50 excavated by the drilling head 2. Therefore, no special prevention mechanism is required. Furthermore, by halving the vertical height of the expansion blades 3 and 4, the drilling rotation torque load required for cutting is halved, given the same ground conditions, expansion diameter, and auger reducer.

[0022] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above in detail, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and various modifications can be made within the scope of the gist of the present invention as set forth in the claims. Modifications of the present invention are exemplified below.

[0023] (1) In the embodiment, the large-diameter expansion wing 3 is provided below the small-diameter expansion wing 4, but it can also be provided above the small-diameter expansion wing 4. However, it is preferable that the large-diameter expansion wing 3 is provided below the small-diameter expansion wing 4. When the large-diameter expansion wing 3 is provided above the small-diameter expansion wing 4, in order to form the root-hardening bulb portion, the expansion wing must be raised from the lower end to the upper end of the root-hardening bulb portion, and then made to move back and forth from the upper end to the lower end at least once.

[0024] The displacement of the small-diameter expansion blade 4 and the large-diameter expansion blade 3 in this case will be described in detail with reference to Figure 6(b). When the auger is rotated forward and the drilling head 2 drills downward, a drilled hole 50 is formed by the drilling head 2 as shown in Figure 6(b). After drilling by the drilling head 2, the auger is pulled up to a predetermined position while still rotating forward. At this time, the small-diameter expansion blade 4 and the large-diameter expansion blade 3 remain in their contracted positions.

[0025] Next, the auger is rotated in the reverse direction and the drilling head 2 is pushed down. As a result, the small-diameter expansion blade 4 and the large-diameter expansion blade 3 are sequentially displaced from the contracted position to the expanded position, as described above, to perform enlarged excavation, forming an enlarged excavated hole 51 by the small-diameter expansion blade 4 and an enlarged excavated hole 52 by the large-diameter expansion blade 3. The drilling head 2 is then moved up and down a required number of times to form a root-compaction bulb 53 with the excavation shape shown in Figure 6(b). It is also possible to further perform enlarged excavation by moving the drilling head 2 up and down a required number of times up to the ground level, thereby forming an enlarged excavated hole 52 with the excavation shape shown in Figure 6(b').

[0026] (2) In the embodiment, the large-diameter expansion blade 3 and the small-diameter expansion blade 4 are sequentially displaced to the expansion position when the auger rotates in the reverse direction, thereby performing expansion excavation. However, by reversing the small-diameter expansion blade 4 from the position shown in Figure 2, it is also possible to configure the small-diameter expansion blade 4 to displace to the expansion position when the auger rotates in the forward direction, and the large-diameter expansion blade 3 to displace to the expansion position when the auger rotates in the reverse direction. In this case, the large-diameter expansion blade 3 may be provided above or below the small-diameter expansion blade 4. Figure 6(c) shows an excavated hole when the large-diameter expansion blade 3 is provided above the small-diameter expansion blade 4, and Figure 6(d) shows an excavated hole when the large-diameter expansion blade 3 is provided below the small-diameter expansion blade 4.

[0027] When the large-diameter expansion wing 3 is installed above the small-diameter expansion wing 4, when the auger is rotated forward and the drilling head 2 is drilled downward, a drilled hole 50 is formed by the drilling head 2, as shown in FIG. 6(c), followed by an enlarged drilled hole 51 by the small-diameter expansion wing 4. At this time, the large-diameter expansion wing 3 is maintained in the retracted position. After reaching the bottom of the excavation, the auger is rotated in the reverse direction and the drilling head 2 is raised. The large-diameter expansion wing 3 then shifts from the retracted position to the enlarged position, performing enlarged drilling, and the large-diameter expansion wing 3 forms an enlarged drilled hole 52. By moving the drilling head 2 up and down as many times as necessary, a root-compensating bulb 53 with the excavation shape shown in FIG. 6(c) is formed. It is also possible to further move the drilling head 2 up and down as many times as necessary to perform enlarged drilling up to the ground level, thereby forming an enlarged drilled hole 52 with the shape shown in FIG. 6(c').

[0028] On the other hand, when the large-diameter expansion wing 3 is installed below the small-diameter expansion wing 4, when the auger is rotated forward and the drilling head 2 is drilled downward, a drilled hole 50 is formed by the drilling head 2, as shown in FIG. 6(d), followed by an enlarged drilled hole 51 by the small-diameter expansion wing 4. At this time, the large-diameter expansion wing 3 is maintained in the retracted position. After reaching the bottom of the excavation, the auger is rotated in the reverse direction and the drilling head 2 is raised. The large-diameter expansion wing 3 then shifts from the retracted position to the enlarged position, performing enlarged drilling, and the large-diameter expansion wing 3 forms an enlarged drilled hole 52. Then, by moving the drilling head 2 up and down as many times as necessary, a root-compensating bulb 53 with the excavated shape shown in FIG. 6(d) is formed. It is also possible to further move the drilling head 2 up and down as many times as necessary to perform enlarged drilling up to the aboveground level, thereby forming an enlarged drilled hole 52 as shown in FIG. 6(d').

[0029] (3) In the embodiment, the large-diameter expansion wing 3 and the small-diameter expansion wing 4 are sequentially displaced to the expansion position when the auger rotates in the reverse direction, and expansion excavation is performed. However, it is also possible to configure the large-diameter expansion wing 3 and the small-diameter expansion wing 4 to be sequentially displaced to the expansion position when the auger rotates in the forward direction by reversing the large-diameter expansion wing 3 and the small-diameter expansion wing 4 from the arrangement shown in Figure 2. In this case, the large-diameter expansion wing 3 is provided above the small-diameter expansion wing 4.

[0030] In this case, when the auger is rotated forward and the drilling head 2 excavates downward, the small-diameter expansion blade 4 and the large-diameter expansion blade 3 are successively displaced from the contracted position to the expanded position, as described above. Therefore, as shown in Figure 6(e), a drilled hole 50 is formed by the drilling head 2, then an enlarged drilled hole 51 is formed by the small-diameter expansion blade 4, and then an enlarged drilled hole 52 is formed by the large-diameter expansion blade 3. Then, by repeatedly moving the drilling head 2 up and down as many times as necessary to perform enlarged drilling up to the ground, an enlarged drilled hole 52 of the excavation shape shown in Figure 6(e) can be formed up to the ground.

[0031] Table 1 summarizes the vertical positions, expansion rotation direction, initial expansion excavation direction, and subsequent operation of the large-diameter expansion blade 3 and small-diameter expansion blade 4 for Figures 6(a) to (e).

[0032] [Table 1]

[0033] (4) The large-diameter expansion wing 3 and the small-diameter expansion wing 4 are configured to have approximately the same height in the vertical direction, but they may be different. (5) The arrangement and structure of the excavation claws 13 of the large-diameter expansion blade 3 and the excavation claws 23 of the small-diameter expansion blade 4 may be changed as appropriate. [Industrial Applicability]

[0034] The large-diameter expansion blade is provided with a curved protrusion, which prevents the large-diameter expansion blade from immediately shifting to the expanded position even when the machine is reversed. Therefore, the small-diameter expansion blade first enlarges the excavated hole, and then the large-diameter expansion blade further enlarges it. In this way, the excavation rotation torque load can be reduced by enlarging the hole in two stages. Therefore, it is ideal for use in excavation equipment that forms large-diameter root compaction bulbs. [Explanation of symbols]

[0035] 2 Drilling Head 3 Large diameter expansion blade 4 Small diameter expansion wing 14 Protrusion

Claims

1. In an excavation device in which an excavation head is provided at the lower end of an auger, and expansion wings are provided above the excavation head, the expansion wings being displaceable between an expanded position that opens outward and a contracted position that is contracted further than the expanded position, The expansion blades include a small diameter expansion blade having a small diameter for expansion excavation and a large diameter expansion blade having a large diameter for expansion excavation, and are provided above and below, the large-diameter expansion wing is provided with a curved protrusion, When in the contracted position, the distance between the tip of the large-diameter expansion wing and the rotation axis of the auger is shorter than the distance between the protrusion and the rotation axis of the auger, and the protrusion abuts against the wall surface of the hole drilled by the drilling head, thereby preventing the large-diameter expansion wing from being displaced to the expanded position.

2. 2. The excavation device according to claim 1, wherein the expansion wing is maintained in a contracted position during forward rotation of the auger, and the excavation head excavates downward, and when the auger is rotated in a reverse direction, the expansion wing is displaced from the contracted position to the expanded position to perform expansion excavation.

3. 2. The excavation equipment according to claim 1, wherein the small diameter diverging wing is provided above the large diameter diverging wing.

4. 2. The excavation equipment according to claim 1, wherein the small diameter diverging wing is provided below the large diameter diverging wing.

5. 4. The excavation device according to claim 3, wherein the expansion wings are maintained in a contracted position when the auger is rotated forward to perform downward excavation with the excavation head, and are displaced from the contracted position to an expansion position to perform expansion excavation when the auger is rotated in a reverse direction to lift up the excavation head.

6. 5. The excavation device according to claim 4, wherein the expansion wings are maintained in a contracted position when the auger is rotated forward to excavate downward with the excavation head and then raised to a predetermined position, and when the auger is rotated in a reverse direction to push down the excavation head, the expansion wings are displaced from the contracted position to the expansion position to perform expansion excavation.

7. When the auger is rotated forward to excavate downward with the excavation head, the small-diameter expansion blade is displaced from a contracted position to an expansion position to perform expansion excavation, The large-diameter expansion blade is maintained in a contracted position when the auger is rotated forward to perform downward excavation with the excavation head, and is displaced from the contracted position to an expansion position to perform expansion excavation when the auger is rotated in a reverse direction to lift the excavation head. A drilling rig according to claim 3 or 4.

8. 5. The excavation device according to claim 4, wherein the expansion wings are displaced from a contracted position to an expansion position to perform expansion excavation when the auger is rotated forward to perform downward excavation with the excavation head.

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