State estimation device for hoist brake device, state estimation system, hoist brake system, elevator maintenance system, state estimation program, and state estimation method

Abstract

To provide a state estimation device for a hoisting machine brake device for used in an elevator, which enables the user to ascertain the decline in performance of the hoisting machine brake device over time, the time for inspection, and the time for replacement.SOLUTION: A state estimation device for a hoisting machine brake device according to an embodiment has a processor. The processor collects information on a brake material fixed to a brake plate connected to a rotating shaft of a hoisting machine and waveform information of elastic waves generated when the brake material comes into contact with a metal plate that holds the brake plate and restrains its movement using a sensor installed on the metal plate, and estimates at least one of the brake material, the surface state of the metal plate, and the contact state between the brake material and the metal plate based on the feature amount of the waveform information.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 11

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] An embodiment of the present invention relates to a state estimation device, a state estimation system, a brake system for a hoist used in an elevator, an elevator maintenance system, a state estimation program, and a state estimation method. [Background technology]

[0002] The hoist used in elevators is a sheave fixed to a rotating shaft that winds up the rope until the car reaches the designated floor. The brake device for the hoist acts as a holding brake that fixes the car's movement at the designated floor, and as a braking brake that stops the car as it descends in an emergency. This brake device uses, for example, a non-excitation operated electromagnetic brake, and is designed to generate torque (frictional force) using the force of a spring when the brake is activated. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Patent Publication No. 2021-116148 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a state estimation device, state estimation system, hoist brake system, elevator maintenance system, state estimation program, and state estimation method for a hoist brake device that are capable of determining the deterioration in performance over time of a hoist brake device used in an elevator, as well as the timing for inspection and replacement. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] According to an embodiment, a state estimation device for a brake device of a hoist machine includes a processor that acquires waveform information of an elastic wave generated when a brake material fixed to a brake plate connected to a rotating shaft of the hoist machine comes into contact with a metal plate that holds the brake material and restricts the movement of the brake plate, using a sensor attached to the metal plate, and estimates at least one of the surface condition of the brake material, the surface condition of the metal plate, and the contact state between the brake material and the metal plate based on feature quantities of the waveform information. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0006] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic perspective view showing the overall configuration of an elevator. [Figure 2] 1 is a schematic diagram showing the overall configuration of an elevator hoisting machine according to a first embodiment. [Figure 3] 3 is a schematic view of the brake device (disc brake) of the hoisting machine shown in FIG. 2, viewed from the direction indicated by reference symbol III in FIG. 2. [Figure 4] 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 3 when the brake of the brake device shown in FIG. 3 is in a closed position. [Figure 5] 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 3 when the brake of the brake device shown in FIG. 3 is in an open position. [Figure 6] 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VI-VI of the brake device shown in FIG. 4 and a side view of a bracket. [Figure 7] 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VI-VI of the brake device shown in FIG. 4 and a side view of an armature. [Figure 8] This is a graph showing the deterioration over time of the holding and braking torque (brake performance) of a typical brake device. [Figure 9] FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram illustrating an elevator maintenance system. [Figure 10] 8 is an example of an elastic wave signal (waveform information) that can be detected by the sensor shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. [Figure 11] 10 is an example of a flowchart used when performing a state estimation process on a brake device of a hoisting machine. [Figure 12]FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a part of a brake device (drum brake) of an elevator hoisting machine according to a second embodiment. [Figure 13] 13 is a diagram showing an example of a location where a sensor is installed in the brake device shown in FIG. 12, as viewed from the direction indicated by arrow XIII. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0007] (First embodiment) An elevator maintenance system 94 according to a first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

[0008] FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing the overall configuration of an elevator (lift) 10.

[0009] As shown in FIG. 1, the elevator 10 includes a hoistway 12 , a hoisting machine 14 , a passenger car 16 , a balance weight 18 , a rope 20 , and a control device 22 .

[0010] The passenger car 16 and balance weight 18 are connected by a rope 20 wound around a sheave 32 (described later) of the hoisting machine 14. The hoisting machine 14 is disposed, for example, in the overhead 12a above the hoistway 12. The passenger car 16 rises and falls along a guide rail 13 provided in the hoistway 12 in response to winding up / releasing of the rope 20 fixed via the sheave 32 of the hoisting machine 14.

[0011] The car 16 moves between an overhead 12a above the elevator shaft 12 and a pit 12b below. The hoist 14 may also be located in the pit 12b.

[0012] The control device 22 controls, for example, the rotation of a rotary shaft 14a (described later) of the hoist 14 and the opening and closing of a brake device (a brake device for the hoist) 34.

[0013] FIG. 2 shows a schematic structure of the hoisting machine 14 used in the elevator 10.

[0014] The hoisting machine 14 is equipped with a motor (not shown) whose rotating shaft 14a rotates when supplied with electric power. The rotating shaft 14a rotates in two directions. The driving and stopping of the rotating shaft 14a of the motor are controlled by a control device 22 shown in FIG. 1. When the direction of entry and exit from the elevator car 16 of the elevator 10 is defined as the front-rear direction, the rotating shaft 14a of the motor of the hoisting machine 14 protrudes from left and right ends (left and right ends) that intersect horizontally with the front-rear direction with respect to the frame 15 on which the motor is disposed. A sheave 32 for hanging the rope 20 is installed on one side of the rotating shaft 14a, and a brake device 34 is installed on the other side of the rotating shaft 14a.

[0015] The rope 20 is wound around the sheave 32 of the hoisting machine 14. Therefore, when the sheave 32 rotates together with the rotating shaft 14a due to the rotation of the rotating shaft 14a, the car 16 suspended by the rope 20 moves up and down within a predetermined range within the hoistway 12.

[0016] 3 to 7 show the structure of the braking device 34. Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the brake device (disc brake) 34 of the hoisting machine 14 shown in Fig. 2, as viewed from the direction indicated by reference symbol III in Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in Fig. 3 when the brake of the brake device 34 shown in Fig. 3 is in a closed position. Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in Fig. 3 when the brake of the brake device 34 shown in Fig. 3 is in an open position. The left diagram in Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VI-VI in Fig. 4, and the right diagram in Fig. 6 is a diagram showing sensors 72a-72f arranged on bracket 42 shown in Fig. 4. When the right diagram in Fig. 6 is viewed from the direction indicated by arrow VI, it becomes the left diagram in Fig. 6. The left diagram in Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VII-VII in Fig. 4, and the right diagram in Fig. 7 is a diagram showing sensors 74a-74f arranged on bracket 42 shown in Fig. 4. When the right diagram in Fig. 7 is viewed from the direction indicated by arrow VII, it becomes the left diagram in Fig. 7.

[0017] The brake device 34 includes a bracket 42, a disc-shaped brake plate 44, an armature 46, a coil case 48, a fastening bolt 50, a biasing body 52, and an electromagnetic coil 54.

[0018] The bracket 42 is formed in the shape of, for example, a rectangular plate or a disk. The bracket 42 is fixed to the frame 15 inside which the motor of the hoisting machine 14 is disposed. The rotating shaft 14a protrudes from an opening 42a in the center of the bracket 42.

[0019] A brake plate 44 is disposed at a position facing the bracket 42. The brake plate 44 is formed in a disk shape. The brake plate 44 is connected to the rotating shaft 14a of the hoisting machine 14 via a spline. Therefore, when the rotating shaft 14a rotates, the brake plate 44 rotates in the same direction. The brake plate 44 can also move in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 14a. The brake plate 44 is formed of a magnetic material, or a disk-shaped magnetic material, for example, is fixed to the brake plate 44.

[0020] An armature 46 faces the brake plate 44 on the side opposite the bracket 42. The armature 46 is formed in a disk shape having an opening 46a through which the rotation shaft 14a passes. The armature 46 is formed from a magnetic material, or a disk-shaped magnetic material, for example, is fixed to the armature 46.

[0021] A coil case 48 faces the armature 46 on the side opposite to the brake plate 44. The coil case 48 is formed in a disk shape having an opening 48a through which the rotary shaft 14a passes.

[0022] The multiple fastening bolts 50 are parallel to the rotation axis 14a, pass through the coil case 48 and the armature 46, and are fixed to the bracket 42. Therefore, the multiple fastening bolts 50 restrict movement of the armature 46 and the coil case 48 in the rotational direction.

[0023] It should be noted that, for example, there is an appropriate gap between the multiple fastening bolts 50 and the armature 46. Therefore, the armature 46 is movable in the axial direction of the fastening bolts 50 within a predetermined range.

[0024] Furthermore, the multiple fastening bolts 50 are disposed at positions farther outward from the central axis of the rotating shaft 14a than the outer edge of the brake plate 44. Therefore, the multiple fastening bolts 50 do not restrict the rotation of the brake plate 44.

[0025] A first brake pad (brake material) 62 is fixed to the brake plate 44 on the bracket 42 side, and a second brake pad (brake material) 64 is fixed to the armature 46 side. Therefore, the brake pads 62, 64 are provided on both sides of the brake plate 44. The first pad 62 and the second pad 64 are preferably formed into annular shapes of the same material, shape, size, and thickness.

[0026] The coil case 48 is formed with a plurality of support portions 48b, e.g., recessed, that support one end of each of the plurality of biasing elements 52. The support portions 48b are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on the circumference of the coil case 48, which is concentric with the central axis of the rotary shaft 14a. The support portions 48b are recessed holes that open toward the armature 46. A biasing element 52 is disposed in each support portion 48b. That is, the plurality of biasing elements 52 are disposed at equal intervals on a predetermined circumference between the armature 46 and the coil case 48. Therefore, the armature 46 is biased toward the brake plate 44 by the plurality of biasing elements 52. It is preferable to use, for example, compression coil springs as the plurality of biasing elements 52. Therefore, the bracket 42 and the first pad 62, and the armature 46 and the second pad 64 are normally in contact with each other due to the biasing elements 52.

[0027] An annular electromagnetic coil 54 is installed in the coil case 48. The electromagnetic coil 54 is installed, for example, at a position inside a predetermined circumference of the support portion 48b on which the biasing body 52 is disposed. When current is applied to the electromagnetic coil 54, the armature 46 and the brake plate 44 are electromagnetically attracted and pulled toward the coil case 48. Therefore, when current is applied to the electromagnetic coil 54, the bracket 42 and the first pad 62 are separated from each other. Note that movement of the brake plate 44 toward the coil case 48 is restricted by, for example, a restricting member (not shown) provided between the inside of the opening 46a of the armature 46 and the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 14a. Therefore, when current is applied to the electromagnetic coil 54, the bracket 42 and the first pad 62 are separated from each other, and the armature 46 and the second pad 64 are also separated from each other.

[0028] When the supply of current to the electromagnetic coil 54 is stopped, the armature 46 moves toward the brake plate 44 due to the biasing force of the biasing body 52. ​​As a result, pressure is applied between the bracket 42 and the first pad 62 and between the armature 46 and the second pad 64, and the frictional force between the bracket 42 and the first pad 62 and the frictional force between the armature 46 and the second pad 64 brakes the rotation of the brake plate 44.

[0029] As shown in FIG. 6, the bracket 42 is preferably provided with a plurality of sensors 72a-72f. In this embodiment, one sensor 72a-72f is provided between each of the fastening bolts 50. Each of the sensors 72a-72f is provided, for example, on the brake plate 44 side (first pad 62 side). Each of the sensors 72a-72f is installed to avoid the area 43 where the first brake pad 62 contacts the bracket 42. FIG. 6 illustrates an example in which each of the sensors 72a-72f is installed on the bracket 42 outside the area 43 where the first brake pad 62 contacts. It is also preferable that each of the sensors 72a-72f be installed on the bracket 42 inside the area 43 where the first brake pad 62 contacts. Furthermore, if each sensor 72a-72f is installed outside the area 43 of the bracket 42 where the first brake pad 62 comes into contact, it is easy to arrange the wiring of each sensor 72a-72f outside the bracket 42, making it easy to maintain each sensor 72a-72f.

[0030] As shown in FIG. 7, the armature 46 is preferably provided with a plurality of sensors 74a-74f. In this embodiment, one sensor 74a-74f is provided between each of the fastening bolts 50. Each of the sensors 74a-74f is provided, for example, on the brake plate 44 side (the second pad 64 side). Each of the sensors 74a-74f is installed to avoid an area 47 where the second brake pad 64 contacts the armature 46. FIG. 7 illustrates an example in which each of the sensors 74a-74f is installed on the armature 46 outside the area 47 where the second brake pad 64 contacts. Each of the sensors 74a-74f is also preferably installed on the armature 46 inside the area 47 where the second brake pad 64 contacts. Furthermore, if each of the sensors 74a-74f is installed outside the area 47 of the armature 46 that comes into contact with the second brake pad 64, it becomes easier to arrange the wiring of each of the sensors 74a-74f outside the armature 46, making it easier to maintain each of the sensors 74a-74f.

[0031] The sensors 72a-72f and 74a-74f are preferably installed at equal intervals near the areas 43 and 47 of either or both of the bracket 42 and the armature 46 where the brake pads 62 and 64 contact.

[0032] In this embodiment, the sensors 72a-72f and 74a-74f are installed at positions equidistant from the central axis of the rotating shaft 14a, for example, at 60° intervals. The sensors are also installed at positions spaced apart from the fastening bolts 50, such as in the center between the fastening bolts 50. The number of sensors 72a-72f and 74a-74f can be set as appropriate. The pairs of sensors 72a and 74a spaced apart in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 14a are preferably arranged in overlapping positions in the axial direction, as shown in FIG. 3. Similarly, the pairs of sensors 72b and 74b, sensors 72c and 74c, sensors 72d and 74d, sensors 72e and 74e, and sensors 72f and 74f are preferably arranged in overlapping positions in the axial direction.

[0033] The number of sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74f can be adjusted by, for example, the number of fastening bolts 50.

[0034] The sensors 72a-72f and 74a-74f may be, for example, a NANO30 AE sensor manufactured by Physical Acoustics, Inc. In addition to using an AE sensor, the sensors 72a-72f and 74a-74f may be vibration sensors that detect vibration changes such as at least one of the displacement, velocity, and acceleration of an object.

[0035] The sensors 72a-72f and 74a-74f are controlled by the control device 22, for example.

[0036] The control device 22 is configured, for example, by a computer or the like, and includes a processor (processing circuit) and a storage medium. The processor includes any of a CPU (Central Processing Unit), ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), microcomputer, FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), and DSP (Digital Signal Processor). The storage medium may include a main storage device such as a memory, as well as an auxiliary storage device. Examples of storage media include a hard disk drive (HDD), a solid state drive (SSD), a magnetic disk, an optical disk (CD-ROM, CD-R, DVD, etc.), a magneto-optical disk (MO, etc.), and a non-volatile memory such as a semiconductor memory that can be written to and read from at any time.

[0037] It has been found that the holding / braking torque of the brake device 34 tends to change (decrease) over time as shown in Figure 8. This is thought to be due to a decrease in the frictional force at the contact surface between the first brake pad 62 and the bracket 42 and at the contact surface between the second pad 64 and the armature 46.

[0038] Usually, the holding / braking torque falls below the standard value (safety line) several years after the installation of the hoisting machine 14 or the replacement of the brake device 34. It is preferable to perform maintenance or replace the brake device 34 before the holding / braking torque falls below the standard value. Currently, if the performance described above falls below the standard value during a periodic inspection of the brake device 34, measures to replace the brake device 34 are required.

[0039] Below are listed some cases in which the frictional force between the brake pad 62 and the bracket 42 and between the brake pad 64 and the armature 46 decreases. (1) The brake pads 62, 64 or the mating member (bracket 42 or armature 46) wear unevenly, reducing the contact area. (2) The physical properties of the brake pads 62, 64 change, and the effective contact rate of the contact area with the mating material decreases. (3) Foreign matter gets mixed in the contact surface between the brake pads 62, 64 and the mating member (bracket 42 or armature 46). (4) The mating member (bracket 42 or armature 46) rusts, increasing the surface roughness.

[0040] Fig. 9 is a schematic block diagram showing an elevator maintenance system 94. As shown in Fig. 9, a state estimation system 80 serving as a management system for the braking device 34 for the hoisting machine 14 according to this embodiment includes sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74f attached to the braking device 34, a control device 22 that controls the sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74f, and a management server 80a that serves as a state estimation device for the braking device 34 for the hoisting machine 14 and communicates with the control device 22 via wire or wirelessly. Note that the sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74f may be controlled by the control device 22, or may be controlled remotely by the management server 80a, for example.

[0041] The management server 80a is connected to, for example, a plurality of elevators 10 via a communication network 90 such as the Internet or an intranet.

[0042] The management server 80a acquires waveform information from the sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74f controlled by the control device 22 of each elevator 10, and estimates at least one of the surface conditions of the brake pads 62, 64, bracket 42, and armature 46, and the contact condition between the brake pad 62 and bracket 42 and the contact condition between the brake pad 64 and armature 46 based on the features of the waveform information.

[0043] The management server 80a includes a processor 82, a storage unit (auxiliary storage device) 84, a memory 86, and a notification unit 88.

[0044] The processor 82 includes any one of a CPU (Central Processing Unit), an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), a microcomputer, an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), a DSP (Digital Signal Processor), etc. The processor 82 is used as a controller that controls the entire management server 80a.

[0045] The storage unit 84 is a non-volatile memory such as an HDD, an SSD, or a flash memory. The storage unit 84 may further include a volatile memory. The storage unit 84 may use, for example, a cloud memory.

[0046] The memory 86 is configured by, for example, a volatile semiconductor memory, and is also used as a work memory for the processor 82.

[0047] For example, various programs are stored in the storage unit 84. The processor 82 performs functions according to the programs by, for example, writing the various programs stored in the storage unit 84 into the memory 86 and executing them. The various programs do not necessarily have to be stored in the storage unit 84, and the processor 82 can also execute the various programs on a server via a network.

[0048] The storage unit 84 stores, for example, a state estimation program or algorithm for the brake device 34 according to this embodiment and a signal processing program corresponding to the settings of the sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74f. The state estimation program for the brake device 34 may be stored in a ROM.

[0049] The state estimation program for the braking device 34 may be pre-installed in the management server 80a, may be stored in a non-volatile storage medium, or may be distributed via a network. The state estimation program for the braking device 34 may be located outside the management server 80a, for example, on an appropriate server. In other words, the state estimation program may be executed using a state estimation program on a server other than the management server 80a, or all of the processing of the state estimation program may be executed within the management server 80a.

[0050] The storage unit 84 is used as a database for storing waveform information acquired from each of the sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74f and state estimation results output by comparing the waveform information with reference data.

[0051] The management server 80a may be provided with only one processor 82 and one memory unit 84, or may be provided with multiple processors 82 and one memory unit 84. In the management server 80a, the processor 82 performs processing by executing programs stored in the memory unit 84 or the like. The programs executed by the processor 82 of the management server 80a may be stored in a computer (server) other than the management server 80a or in a server in a cloud environment via a network such as the Internet. In this case, the processor 82 downloads the programs via the network. In the management server 80a, the processor 82 or the like performs arithmetic processing to compare waveform information acquired using the sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74f with reference data, and the arithmetic processing results are stored in the memory unit 84 together with the waveform information acquired using the sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74f.

[0052] Furthermore, at least a portion of the processing by processor 82 may be executed by a cloud server configured in a cloud environment. The infrastructure of the cloud environment is configured by a virtual processor such as a virtual CPU and a cloud memory. In one example, acquisition of waveform information from sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74f and various calculation processes based on the waveform information acquired from sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74f are executed by the virtual processor, and the cloud memory functions as a data storage unit.

[0053] The notification unit 88 can display, for example, on a display, waveform information acquired by each of the sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74f of each elevator 10, and the results of comparison calculations with reference data obtained based on the waveform information. The notification unit 88 can display information from the sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74f attached to the brake device 34 of the hoist 14 of the elevator 10 in which a problem has occurred, and information on the location in the brake device 34 where the problem is estimated to have occurred. In addition to using a display, the notification unit 88 may also notify the building management company, the maintenance company of the elevator 10, and / or the manufacturer of the elevator 10 (brake device 34) of various types of information by sound or light emission.

[0054] It is assumed that, for example, the memory unit 84 of the management server 80a stores waveform information acquired by the sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74f when the holding / braking torque exceeds the reference value shown in Fig. 8, and also stores waveform information acquired by the sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74f when the holding / braking torque falls below the reference value shown in Fig. 8. The waveform information acquired by the sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74f when the holding / braking torque falls below the reference value shown in Fig. 8 can be obtained experimentally by, for example, a manufacturer of the elevator 10, for example, by conducting a fatigue test. As the elevator 10, i.e., the hoist 14, is used, it is expected that the amplitude of the elastic wave will become smaller and the frequency will become higher as compared to the reference data as a feature of the waveform information of the elastic wave, as time passes since the installation of the hoist 14 or the replacement of the brake device 34. Using such feature of the waveform information, the processor 82 of the management server 80a pre-establishes a correspondence relationship between the feature of the waveform information expected to be acquired by each of the sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74f and the holding torque / braking torque, and stores the correspondence relationship in the memory unit 84.

[0055] Therefore, the processor 82 of the management server 80a can output whether the brake device 34 exceeds a reference value for holding / braking torque and the margin of the holding / braking torque relative to the reference value, based on the waveform information acquired by each of the sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74f. Therefore, the processor 82 of the management server 80a estimates at least one of the surface conditions of the brake pads 62, 64 and the bracket 42, the surface condition of the armature 46, the contact state between the brake pad 62 and the bracket 42, and the contact state between the brake pad 64 and the armature 46, based on the feature amounts of the waveform information. More specifically, the processor 82 of the management server 80a can estimate the surface condition of the brake pad 62, the surface condition of the bracket 42, and the contact state between the brake pad 62 and the bracket 42, based on the feature amounts of the waveform information acquired by the sensors 72a-72f. In addition, the processor 82 of the management server 80a can estimate the surface condition of the brake pad 64, the surface condition of the armature 46, and the contact condition between the brake pad 64 and the armature 46 based on the feature quantities of the waveform information acquired by the sensors 74a-74f.

[0056] The brake device 34 of the hoisting machine 14 and the management system (state estimation system) 80 can form a brake system 92 for the hoisting machine 14. In addition, the braking device 34 of the hoisting machine 14 and the management system (condition estimation system) 80 may form an elevator maintenance system 94 including a braking system 92 for the hoisting machine 14 .

[0057] Hereinafter, a description will be given of a state estimation process for the brake device 34 for the hoisting machine 14 using the elevator maintenance system 94.

[0058] When raising or lowering the car 16, the hoist 14 rotates the rotary shaft 14a to let out the rope 20 from the sheave 32 or reel it in around the sheave 32. At this time, the brake device 34 applies a current to the electromagnetic coil 54 housed in the coil case 48, causing the electromagnetic coil 54 to attract the armature 46 and rotate the rotary shaft 14a in an appropriate direction.

[0059] When the hoisting machine 14 stops the car 16 at a desired floor, it cuts off the power supply for rotating the rotating shaft 14a and stops applying current to the electromagnetic coil 54 housed in the coil case 48. The brake device 34 generates frictional forces between the first brake pad 62 of the brake plate 44 and the bracket 42, and between the second brake pad 64 of the brake plate 44 and the armature 46, while releasing the armature 46 from the electromagnetic coil 54. The brake device 34 then maintains the car 16 stopped at a predetermined position on the desired floor.

[0060] In this way, the brake device 34 operates by attracting / releasing the armature 46 depending on the presence or absence of electromagnetic force generated when current is applied to the electromagnetic coil 54 housed in the coil case 48. The coil case 48 houses the biasing body 52. ​​When the electromagnetic attractive force becomes zero, the restoring force of the biasing body 52 acts on the armature 46, pressing the brake plate 44 against the bracket 42. The brake plate 44 is connected to the rotating shaft 14a of the hoisting machine 14 via a spline. Therefore, by restraining the brake plate 44, the rotating shaft 14a of the hoisting machine 14 is fixed.

[0061] When stopping the car 16 that is moving up and down, as shown in Fig. 4, the first brake pad 62 comes into contact with the contact area 43 of the bracket 42, and the second brake pad 64 comes into contact with the contact area 47 of the armature 46. The sensors 72a-72f respectively detect the sound (vibration) when and during contact between the first brake pad 62 and the contact area 43 of the bracket 42. Similarly, the sensors 74a-74f detect the sound (vibration) when and during contact between the second brake pad 64 and the contact area 47 of the armature 46.

[0062] The detection triggers for the sensors 72a-72f and 74a-74f can be set as appropriate. For example, the management server 80a or the control device 22 may acquire waveform information from the sensors 72a-72f and 74a-74f when the power supply to the electromagnetic coil 54 is stopped as a trigger.

[0063] The management server (state estimation device for the brake device 34 for the hoisting machine 14) 80a acquires waveform information from each of the sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74f via the control device 22. For example, waveform information such as that shown in FIG. 10 is acquired by each of the sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74f. The length (time) for each of the sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74f to acquire waveform information from a trigger input signal can be set appropriately. The management server 80a acquires waveform information for, for example, several milliseconds after the trigger input. In this case, when the sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74f acquire waveform information, it is possible to prevent reflected waves from, for example, the outer edge of the bracket 42 and the outer edge of the armature 46 from being detected as waveform information.

[0064] The management server 80a uses the waveform information obtained by each of the sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74f, for example, immediately after the installation of the hoisting machine 14 or immediately after the replacement of the brake device 34 of the hoisting machine 14, as a reference waveform, i.e., reference data at the time of installation or replacement. The management server 80a stores the reference data of each of the sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74f in the storage unit 84 or the like.

[0065] Normally, when the car 16 stops at a first designated floor designated by a first user, the positional relationship between the bracket 42 and the brake plate 44 of the braking device 34 and the positional relationship between the brake plate 44 and the armature 46 are different from when the car 16 stops at a second designated floor designated by a second user. For this reason, the contact positional relationship (phase) between the bracket 42 and the brake plate 44 of the braking device 34 and the contact positional relationship (phase) between the brake plate 44 and the armature 46 are not necessarily the same.

[0066] For this reason, the management server 80a acquires waveform information from the sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74f when the car 16 is stopped at each floor, stores the information in the memory unit 84, etc., and compares the waveform information with reference data. In this embodiment, since the brake device 34 has 12 sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74f, the management server 80a stores 12 pieces of reference data equal to the number of floors at which the car 16 can stop in the memory unit 84, etc.

[0067] It is possible that the car 16 stops at a first designated floor, such as the first floor of a building, stops at another floor, such as the second floor of the building, and then stops again at the first designated floor. At this time, the contact positional relationship (phase) between the bracket 42 and the brake plate 44 of the brake device 34 of the hoisting machine 14 and the contact positional relationship (phase) between the brake plate 44 and the armature 46 at the first designated floor (for example, the first floor) are approximately constant.

[0068] Next, a method for estimating the state of the brake device 34, i.e., a method for determining whether inspection / replacement of the brake device 34 is necessary, will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. 11. Here, the management server 80a estimates, for example, whether the holding / braking torque exceeds a reference value and the margin relative to the reference value. Furthermore, the management server 80a estimates the location of the abnormality in the brake device 34, if possible.

[0069] The management server 80a acquires waveform information from each sensor 72a-72f, 74a-74f each time the elevator car 16 stops at an appropriate floor desired by the user, and stores the waveform information together with the acquisition time in a memory unit 84 or the like, thereby accumulating the waveform information (ST1).

[0070] The management server 80a compares the waveform information acquired by each of the sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74f with the reference data of each of the sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74f on each floor. As the elevator 10, i.e., the traction machine 14, is used, and over time since the installation of the traction machine 14 or the replacement of the brake device 34, the condition of the contact surfaces between the first pad 62 and the bracket 42 and between the second pad 64 and the armature 46 may change. Such changes are likely to cause changes in the characteristic quantities of the waveform information (elastic waves) acquired by the sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74f. Examples of such characteristic quantities include amplitude change, frequency change, and delay in arrival time (see FIG. 10). Furthermore, the peak frequency and center-of-gravity frequency of the power spectrum obtained by frequency analysis (FFT analysis) of the waveform information (elastic wave signal) are likely to change in response to changes in the condition of the contact surfaces. The processor 82 of the management server 80a calculates such changes (amounts of change) and outputs a possible performance degradation of the brake plate 44, the bracket 42, and the armature 46 (step ST2). For example, if at least one of the above-mentioned amplitude change, frequency change, delay in arrival time, or change in peak frequency or center of gravity frequency of the power spectrum obtained by frequency analysis (FFT analysis) of the elastic wave signal changes beyond a certain threshold, the processor 82 of the management server 80a outputs to the notification unit 88, for example, that there is a possibility of an abnormality occurring in the brake device 34. In this way, the management server (state estimation device) 80a uses the amplitude and frequency of the elastic waves acquired by the sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74f as feature quantities of waveform information of the elastic waves, and estimates the contact state between the first pad 62 and the bracket (metal plate) 42 and the contact state between the second pad 64 and the armature (metal plate) 46 from the difference with reference data acquired when the hoisting machine 14 is installed or when the brake device 34 is replaced. In other words, the management server 80a estimates changes in the surface state between the first pad 62 and the bracket (metal plate) 42 and / or the surface state between the second pad 64 and the armature (metal plate) 46 based on the feature quantities of the waveform information. Furthermore, the management server 80a estimates the state of decline in holding / braking torque from the relationship between the feature amounts of the waveform information acquired by each of the sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74f and the feature amounts of the waveform information stored in the memory unit 84, and estimates whether the current performance of the brake device 34 exceeds the reference value of the holding / braking torque. That is, the processor 82 of the management server 80a estimates the state of the brake device 34. The estimation result is stored in the memory unit 84, for example, over time.

[0071] When the processor 82 of the management server 80a estimates that the current performance of the brake device 34 exceeds the reference value of the holding / braking torque, the processor 82 notifies the notification unit 88 of the margin. This margin is preferably provided in multiple stages.

[0072] If the margin is high and the current performance of the brake device 34 has a margin relative to the reference value of the holding / braking torque (ST3-No), the elevator 10 can be used normally. Therefore, the management server 80a waits to acquire new waveforms from the sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74f (stopping the car 16 at another position).

[0073] In this way, the management server 80a can obtain information about the brake device 34 of the hoisting machine 14 of the elevator 10 every time the passenger car 16 of the elevator 10 stops, and repeatedly estimate the state of the brake device 34.

[0074] If the processor 82 of the management server 80a estimates that the current performance of the brake device 34 exceeds the reference value of the holding / braking torque and that the margin is low (ST3-Yes), it notifies the notification unit 88 (step ST4). At this time, the processor 82 of the management server 80a notifies the notification unit 88 that the performance of the brake device 34 is approaching the reference value of the holding / braking torque and that inspection or replacement of the brake device 34 is required. Therefore, the maintenance company of the elevator 10 can arrange for the brake device 34 to be inspected or replaced in the near future, for example.

[0075] Furthermore, there may be cases where processor 82 of management server 80a estimates that the current performance of brake device 34 has fallen below the reference value of holding / braking torque (ST3-Yes). In this case, processor 82 of management server 80a notifies notification unit 88 (step ST4). At this time, the content of the notification from processor 82 of management server 80a to notification unit 88 is that the performance of brake device 34 has fallen below the reference value of holding / braking torque, and that operation of elevator 10 must be stopped immediately and brake device 34 must be inspected or replaced. If the processor 82 of the management server 80a estimates that the current performance of the brake device 34 has fallen below the reference value of the holding / braking torque, the control device 22 may keep the car 16 stopped and terminate the processing of the management server 80a, or may promptly stop use of the elevator 10 after all users currently riding in the car 16 have disembarked and check the condition of the brake device 34.

[0076] The notification destination by the notification unit 88 of the management server 80a is, for example, the management company of the building in which the elevator 10 is installed, the maintenance company of the elevator 10, and / or the manufacturer of the elevator 10 (brake device 34). In this case, the management company of the building in which the elevator 10 is installed, the maintenance company of the elevator 10, or the manufacturer of the elevator 10 (brake device 34) will, for example, stop the use of the elevator 10, inspect the condition of the brake device 34, and replace it if necessary.

[0077] For example, assume that the car 16 stops at a predetermined position, such as on the first floor. At this time, the processor 82 of the management server 80a outputs a signal indicating that a certain sensor 72a, for example, fixed to the bracket 42, has detected an abnormal signal relative to the reference data. If the characteristic value of the waveform information acquired by the sensor 72a is again determined to be abnormal and remains unchanged at another destination floor, such as the second floor, the processor 82 of the management server 80a determines that there is a problem with the bracket 42 (ST3—Yes) because the positional relationship between the bracket 42 and the sensors 72a-72f is fixed. In this case, the processor 82 of the management server 80a causes the notification unit 88 to display that a problem has occurred with the bracket 42 (ST4). Therefore, the notification unit 88 can be notified of the location of the problem in the brake device 34, regardless of whether the holding / braking torque is approaching the reference value. In this way, for example, the processor 82 of the management server 80a can estimate the problem location in the braking device 34 based on not only the waveform information when the car 16 stops at one floor, but also the waveform information when the car 16 stops at multiple floors. Based on the waveform information acquired by each of the sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74f, the processor 82 of the management server (state estimation device) 80a can determine, based on the continuity of the accumulated waveform information, whether the state of the brake pads (brake materials) 62, 64 has changed, or the state of the bracket 42 and / or armature 46 that comes into contact with the brake pads (brake materials) 62, 64 has changed.

[0078] As described above, the reference data for the waveform information of each of the sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74f changes for each arrival floor. Therefore, if the feature amount of the waveform information of each of the sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74f changes with respect to the reference data at a different arrival floor, such as the second floor, it is unclear whether the problem is with the brake plate 44 or the bracket 42.

[0079] It is known that the surfaces of the pads (friction materials) 62, 64 of the brake discs 44 become harder than new friction materials after a fatigue test simulating the ON / OFF operation of the brake device 34. In addition, it is expected that the mechanical properties of the surfaces of the pads (friction materials) 62, 64 of the brake discs 44 will change due to temperature and humidity changes after installation, a history of emergency braking, and the like. The state estimation device 80a for the brake device 34 for the hoisting machine 14 according to this embodiment detects these feature amounts for each ON / OFF operation of the brake device 34, making it possible to monitor state changes of the brake device 34 at short intervals.

[0080] In this way, the management system 80 according to this embodiment transmits waveform information acquired by the sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74f installed on the braking device 34 of the hoisting machine 14 when the braking device 34 is in the brake-closed position to the management server 80a via the control device 22 of the elevator 10. The management server 80a stores the waveform information received from the sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74 in a database and executes a state estimation process for comparing the waveform information with reference data. When a specific numerical value calculated based on the difference between the reference data and the waveform information acquired by the sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74 exceeds or falls below a threshold, the management server 80a notifies the building management company, the maintenance company of the elevator 10, or the like, via the notification unit 88, for example, that it is time to replace the braking device 34 of the hoisting machine 14.

[0081] Furthermore, the state estimation program for the brake device 34 of the hoisting machine 14 according to this embodiment acquires waveform information acquired when the sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74f attached to the brake device 34 are in the brake closed position by the management server 80a via the control device 22, and the management server 80a stores the waveform information received from the control device 22 in a database and executes a state estimation process in which the waveform information is compared with reference data. When a specific numerical value among numerical values ​​calculated based on the difference between the reference data and the waveform information acquired by the sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74f exceeds or falls below a threshold value, the management server 80a notifies, for example, the notification unit 88, that it is time to replace the brake device 34 of the hoisting machine 14.

[0082] The above-mentioned management server 80a can be, for example, a server of the management company of the elevator 10, and the management company can obtain information about the brake device 34 of the hoisting machine 14 of the elevator 10 that it manages every time the elevator car 16 of the elevator 10 stops, and repeatedly estimate the state of the brake device 34.

[0083] The management server 80a can obtain waveform information from each of the sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74f every time the passenger car 16 of the elevator 10 stops. Therefore, the management server 80a can accumulate waveform information for a continuous period from the installation of the hoisting machine 14 or the replacement of the brake device 34, and can estimate the state of the brake device 34 based on the waveform information obtained every time the passenger car 16 stops.

[0084] In the present embodiment, the processor 82 of the management server 80a pre-establishes a correspondence between the feature values ​​of the waveform information expected to be acquired by each of the sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74f and the holding / braking torque, and stores the correspondence in the storage unit 84. For example, assume that the management server 80a has artificial intelligence. In this case, the processor 82 of the management server 80a may perform machine learning such as deep learning each time it acquires waveform information from each of the sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74f via the control device 22, and appropriately establish a correspondence between the feature values ​​of the waveform information and the holding / braking torque. In other words, when establishing a correspondence between the waveform information and the holding / braking torque, the management server 80a may use, for example, a machine learning algorithm using artificial intelligence. For example, when replacing the brake device 34 of the hoisting machine 14 in each elevator 10, the management server 80a can verify the correspondence between the feature amounts of the waveform information and the holding / braking torque, and store the data in the management server 80a. Furthermore, the management server 80a can use the data to update the correspondence between the feature amounts of the waveform information and the holding / braking torque based on the output results of machine learning.

[0085] In this embodiment, the reference data is waveform information obtained by the sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74f when the car 16 is stopped at each floor when the hoist 14 is installed or replaced. One piece of reference data obtained within an appropriate period of time shortly after the hoist 14 is installed or replaced may be set as the reference data. Also, each of the sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74f may use multiple pieces of waveform information obtained at the same floor as the reference data. In this case, there may be multiple pieces of reference data for each of the sensors 72a-72f, 74a-74f.

[0086] In this embodiment, an example has been described in which six sensors 72a-72f are arranged on the bracket 42. It is preferable that multiple sensors are arranged on the bracket 42, but a single sensor may also be arranged. Also, an example has been described in which six sensors 74a-74f are arranged on the armature 46. It is preferable that multiple sensors are arranged on the armature 46, but a single sensor may also be arranged.

[0087] In this embodiment, from the time of installation or replacement of the hoist 14 on the elevator 10, multiple sensors 72a-72f are installed on the bracket 42, which is a metal body that contacts the brake pads (friction material) 62 of the brake device 34, and multiple sensors 74a-74f are installed on the armature 46, which is a metal body that contacts the brake pads 64. When the car 16 reaches a predetermined floor and the brakes are activated, elastic waves generated by solid contact between the brake pads 62 and the bracket 42 and solid contact between the brake pads 64 and the armature 46 are recorded. Then, feature quantities of these elastic waves acquired and recorded by the sensors 72a-72f and 74a-74f are compared with reference data at the time of installation or replacement. This embodiment thus makes it possible to estimate the state of the brake device 34 and evaluate the state of the brake device 34 each time the brake device 34 is turned on and off, which is a steady operation, without requiring a non-steady braking operation.

[0088] According to the present embodiment, it is possible to provide a state estimation device 80a for the brake device 34 for the hoist machine 14, a state estimation system 80, a brake system 92 for the hoist machine 14, an elevator maintenance system 94, a state estimation program, and a state estimation method that are capable of grasping the deterioration in performance over time and the timing of inspection and replacement of the brake device 34 for the hoist machine 14 used in the elevator 10 so that the brake device 34 can be maintained, such as by inspecting and replacing the brake device 34 before the holding / braking torque of the brake device 34 of the hoist machine 14 of the elevator 10 falls below a reference value (safety line).

[0089] (Second embodiment) An elevator maintenance system 94 according to the second embodiment will now be described. The elevator maintenance system 94 according to the second embodiment differs from the elevator maintenance system 94 according to the first embodiment in the arrangement of sensors. The hoisting machine 14 of the elevator (lifting machine) 10 according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 12 and 13. In the first embodiment, an example was described in which the braking device 34 of the hoisting machine 14 was a disc brake. The braking device 134 of the hoisting machine 14 according to this embodiment will be described as a drum brake. In this embodiment, the same content as that explained in the first embodiment will be omitted where appropriate.

[0090] The elevator maintenance system 94 according to this embodiment can use the state estimation system 80 for the brake device 34 of the hoisting machine 14 described in the first embodiment.

[0091] Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram showing a part of a brake device (drum brake) 134 of a hoisting machine 14 for an elevator 10 according to a second embodiment, as viewed from the direction indicated by reference symbol XIII in Fig. 13. Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the brake device 134 as viewed from the direction indicated by arrow XIII in Fig. 12.

[0092] 12 and 13, the brake device 134 includes a drum 144 that is mounted on the rotary shaft 14a and rotates together with the rotary shaft 14a, and a pair of brake shoes 162, 164 that press the outer peripheral surface of the drum 144, for example, from the outside toward the central axis. A brake lining 144a is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the drum 144.

[0093] The brake shoes 162, 164 are operated in conjunction with each other using, for example, hydraulic pressure. Normally, the brake shoes 162, 164 hold the brake lining 144a on the outer peripheral surface of the drum 144 so as to sandwich the drum 144. When rotation of the rotating shaft 14a is permitted, the brake shoes 162, 164 release the state in which they sandwich the drum 144.

[0094] The control device 22 uses sensors 192a-192c, 194a-194c attached to the brake shoes 162, 164 to output waveform information using a trigger signal when the brake shoes 162, 164 start to move so as to sandwich the drum 144 between them.

[0095] It is also preferable that the sensors 182a-182d are provided at positions on the drum 144 away from the brake shoes 162, 164. The control device 22 uses the sensors 182a-182d attached to the drum 144 as a trigger signal when the brake shoes 162, 164 start to move so that the drum 144 is sandwiched between them, and outputs waveform information. In this case, the drum 144 rotates. Therefore, the sensors 182a-182d may rotate together with the rotating shaft 14a and the drum 144.

[0096] In this case, as described in the first embodiment, the processor 82 of the management server 80a calculates the difference between the waveform information acquired by each of the sensors 182a-182d, 192a-192c, and 194a-194c and the reference data, and thereby estimates the contact state between the first brake shoe (pad) 162 and the drum (metal body) 144, and the contact state between the second brake shoe (pad) 164 and the drum (metal body) 144. Specifically, the surface state of the brake shoe 162 and the contact state between the brake shoe 162 and the lining 144a of the drum 144 can be estimated based on the waveform information acquired by the sensors 182a-182c and 192a-192c. Based on the waveform information acquired by the sensors 182a, 182c, 182d, and 194a-194c, it is possible to estimate the surface condition of the brake shoe 164 and the contact condition between the brake shoe 164 and the lining 144a of the drum 144. In other words, the management server 80a can estimate at least one of the surface condition of the brake material, the surface condition of the metal plate, and the contact condition between the brake material and the metal plate.

[0097] In this way, the processor 82 of the management server 80a obtains information regarding the brake device 134 of the hoisting machine 14 of the elevator 10 each time the elevator car 16 of the elevator 10 stops, and can repeatedly estimate the state of the brake device 134.

[0098] In this embodiment, when the hoist 14 is installed or replaced on the elevator 10, multiple sensors 182a-182d are installed on the drum 144, which is a metal body that comes into contact with the brake pads (friction materials) 162, 164 of the brake device 134. Alternatively, multiple sensors 192a-192c and 194a-194c are installed on the brake shoes 162, 164. When the car 16 reaches a predetermined floor and the brakes are activated, elastic waves generated by solid contact between the brake shoes 162, 164 and the drum 144 are recorded. Then, the features of these elastic waves acquired and recorded by the sensors 192a-192c and 194a-194c are compared with reference data at the time of installation or replacement. This embodiment thus makes it possible to estimate and evaluate the state of the brake device 134 each time the brake device 134 is turned on and off, which is a steady operation, without requiring a non-steady braking operation.

[0099] According to the present embodiment, it is possible to provide a state estimation device 80a for a brake device 134 for a hoist machine 14, a state estimation system 80, a brake system 92 for a hoist machine 14, an elevator maintenance system 94, a state estimation program, and a state estimation method that are capable of grasping the deterioration in performance over time and the timing of inspection and replacement of the brake device 134 for the hoist machine 14 used in the elevator 10 so that the brake device 134 can be maintained, such as by inspecting and replacing the brake device 134 before the holding / braking torque of the brake device 134 of the hoist machine 14 of the elevator 10 falls below a reference value (safety line).

[0100] According to at least one of the embodiments described above, it is possible to provide a state estimation device 80a, a state estimation system 80, a brake system 92 for a hoist machine 14, an elevator maintenance system 94, a state estimation program, and a state estimation method for the brake devices 34, 134 for a hoist machine 14, which are capable of grasping the deterioration in performance over time and the timing of inspection and replacement of the brake devices 34, 134 for the hoist machine 14 used in the elevator 10 so that the brake devices 34, 134 can be maintained, such as by inspecting and replacing the brake devices 34, 34 before the holding / braking torque of the brake devices 34, 134 of the hoist machine 14 of the elevator 10 falls below a reference value (safety line).

[0101] Although several embodiments of the present invention have been described, these embodiments are presented as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These novel embodiments can be embodied in various other forms, and various omissions, substitutions, and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. These embodiments and their modifications are included within the scope and spirit of the invention, and are also included in the scope of the invention and its equivalents as defined in the claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0102] 10...Elevator, 12...Hoistway, 12a...Overhead, 12b...Pit, 13...Guide rail, 14...Hoisting machine, 14a...Rotating shaft, 15...Frame, 16...Cab, 18...Balance weight, 20...Rope, 22...Control device, 32...Sheave, 34...Brake device, 42...Bracket, 42a...Opening, 43...Contact area, 44...Brake plate, 46...Armature, 46a...Opening, 47...Contact area, 48...Co 1. Elevator case, 48a...opening, 48b...support portion, 50...fastening bolt, 52...actuator, 54...electromagnetic coil, 62, 64...pad (brake pad), 72a-72f, 74a-74f...sensors, 80...management system (state estimation system), 80a...management server (state estimation device), 82...processor, 84...storage unit, 86...memory, 88...notification unit, 92...brake system, 94...elevator maintenance system.

Claims

1. Acquiring waveform information of an elastic wave generated when a brake material fixed to a brake plate connected to a rotating shaft of a hoist comes into contact with a metal plate that holds the brake material and restricts movement of the brake plate, using a sensor installed on the metal plate; and estimating at least one of a surface condition of the brake material, a surface condition of the metal plate, and a contact condition between the brake material and the metal plate based on the feature amount of the waveform information. A state estimation device for a brake device of a hoisting machine, the state estimation device having a processor.

2. 2. The state estimation device according to claim 1, wherein the processor uses the amplitude and frequency of the elastic wave acquired by the sensor as feature quantities of the waveform information of the elastic wave, and estimates the contact state between the brake material and the metal plate from a difference between the amplitude and frequency of the elastic wave acquired by the sensor and reference data acquired at the time of installation or replacement.

3. The state estimation device according to claim 2 , wherein the waveform information of the elastic wave has a feature quantity in which the amplitude of the elastic wave is smaller and the frequency is higher than those of the reference data.

4. The state estimation device according to claim 1 , wherein the processor stores the waveform information and compares a difference between the waveform information and reference data.

5. 5. The state estimation device according to claim 4, wherein the processor determines whether the state of the brake material is changing or whether the state change is in the brake material or the metal plate, based on the waveform information, based on the continuity of the stored waveform information.

6. a sensor installed on a metal plate that contacts a brake material fixed to a brake plate connected to a rotating shaft of the hoisting machine and restricts movement of the brake plate; The state estimation device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, A state estimation system for a brake device for a hoisting machine, comprising:

7. The sensor is an AE sensor or a vibration sensor. The state estimation system according to claim 6.

8. a brake plate connected to the rotating shaft of the hoist; a brake material secured to the brake plate; a metal plate that holds the brake material and restricts movement of the brake plate; The state estimation system for a brake device for a hoist according to claim 6, A brake system for a hoisting machine having:

9. An elevator maintenance system comprising the brake system for a hoist according to claim 8.

10. Using a sensor installed on the metal plate, waveform information of an elastic wave generated when a brake material fixed to a brake plate connected to a rotating shaft of a hoist comes into contact with a metal plate that holds the brake material and restricts the movement of the brake plate is acquired; estimating at least one of a surface condition of the brake material, a surface condition of the metal plate, and a contact condition between the brake material and the metal plate based on a feature amount of the waveform information; A program for estimating the state of a brake device of a hoisting machine, which causes a computer to execute the above.

11. Acquiring waveform information of an elastic wave generated when a brake material fixed to a brake plate connected to a rotating shaft of a hoist comes into contact with a metal plate that holds the brake material and restricts the movement of the brake plate, using a sensor installed on the metal plate; estimating at least one of a surface condition of the brake material, a surface condition of the metal plate, and a contact condition between the brake material and the metal plate based on a feature amount of the waveform information; A method for estimating a state of a brake device of a hoisting machine, comprising:

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