Thermal and wind environment information generating device, thermal and wind environment information generating method, route search device, and route search method

Abstract

To provide a hot heat and wind environment information generation device and a hot heat and wind environment information generation method capable of grasping prediction information of a hot heat and wind environment for each local region in real time, a route retrieval device and a route retrieval method.SOLUTION: A hot heat and wind environment information generation device 21 includes a surface temperature information calculation part 214 and a hot heat and wind environment prediction part 216a. The surface temperature information calculation part 214 acquires information obtained by calculating a temperature of an outer wall surface of an architectural structure and a temperature of a ground surface within an object area in each material quality as information of surface temperature for each object date and hour within the object area at each position. The hot heat and wind environment prediction part 216a generates prediction information of a hot heat and wind environment in each position in the object date and hour within the object area by executing thermal fluid analysis processing on the basis of the information acquired by the surface temperature information calculation part 214.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a thermal and wind environment information generating device, a thermal and wind environment information generating method, a route search device, and a route search method. [Background technology]

[0002] In recent years, urban temperatures have been steadily rising over the past few decades due to rising global temperatures caused by greenhouse gas emissions, the artificial use of objects covering the earth's surface, increased heat emissions in urban areas, and the heat island effect caused by the high density of urban buildings. The number of people suffering from heatstroke has been increasing due to the extreme heat and tropical nights that accompany these rising urban temperatures, with 64,869 people being transported to hospitals by ambulance and 112 deaths due to heatstroke in Japan in 2020 (all between June and September). Heatstroke is thus recognized as a societal problem, and various countermeasures are being considered.

[0003] There is a technology for analyzing the thermal environment of the outdoor ground surface in urban areas in order to take measures against heatstroke (for example, Patent Document 1 or Patent Document 2). By using this technology, the surface temperature of each material on the ground surface at a given time can be calculated with simple operations and used as information for heatstroke prevention. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-40095 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-99697 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] Meanwhile, with the recent advancement of digital transformation (DX) and improvements in digital twin technology, efforts are underway to perform various simulations based on data collected from real spaces and apply the results to operational and business transformation in various fields. This data, including meteorological data, is collected from real spaces. By performing thermal fluid simulations using the collected meteorological data, detailed information on the thermal and wind environments not only on the ground surface but also in outdoor spaces where people move can be obtained, enabling more accurate heatstroke prevention measures. To perform thermal fluid simulations for heatstroke prevention, it is desirable to obtain real-time information on the thermal and wind environments for localized areas covering distances traveled by people, such as on foot, for example, over a distance of several meters to several tens of meters.

[0006] Observation technology is one method for obtaining information on thermal and wind environments. In recent years, small weather meters capable of measuring multiple items of thermal and wind environment information, such as temperature and wind speed, have been developed, and these can be installed in multiple locations to obtain actual measurements of temperature and wind speed. However, it is difficult and unrealistic to install such weather meters at intervals of several meters to several tens of meters over a wide area in urban areas.

[0007] Another method for obtaining information on thermal and wind environments is weather forecast analysis technology. This technology uses computers to predict changes in the state of the Earth's atmosphere, oceans, and land through numerical simulations. Specifically, the Earth's atmosphere, oceans, and land are divided into finely divided grids, and the wind, temperature, and other conditions at a given time are input based on observation data sent from around the world. Then, equations based on the laws of physics are calculated to predict the future thermal and wind environment for each area. However, the grid spacing used in this technology is at most several kilometers, making it difficult to obtain localized thermal and wind environment information that can be used to prevent heatstroke.

[0008] Research is also being conducted into computational thermal fluid dynamics (CFD), which uses finer grid spacing to calculate and predict air flow and temperature in localized areas based on the laws of physics, but it is not uncommon for it to take days or even weeks to perform an analysis of a specific range at a specific time. Furthermore, a supercomputer like Fugaku is essential for high-speed analysis, making this method less practical.

[0009] The present disclosure has been made in consideration of the above circumstances, and aims to provide a thermal and wind environment information generating device, a thermal and wind environment information generating method, a route search device, and a route search method that are capable of grasping predicted information on the thermal and wind environment for each local area in real time. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] The thermal and wind environment information generating device according to the present disclosure includes a surface temperature information acquisition unit that acquires information calculated for each material of the temperatures of the exterior wall surfaces and ground surface of buildings within a target area as information on the surface temperature for each position within the target area at a target date and time, and a thermal and wind environment prediction unit that generates predicted information on the thermal and wind environment for each position within the target area at a target date and time by performing a thermal fluid analysis process based on the information acquired by the surface temperature information acquisition unit.

[0011] The thermal and wind environment information generating device may further include a heat quantity information calculation unit that calculates the amount of solar radiation, reflection, atmospheric radiation, terrestrial radiation, sensible heat transport, latent heat transport, and underground heat transfer as heat quantity information for each surface material within the target area, and the surface temperature information acquisition unit may calculate surface temperature information for each material within the target area based on the information calculated by the heat quantity information calculation unit, determine the surface material for each position within the target area, and calculate surface temperature information for each position at a target date and time within the target area based on the determined information on the material for each position and the calculated information on the surface temperature for each material.

[0012] The thermal and wind environment information generating device may further include a shade information acquisition unit that acquires shade information indicating the shaded area within the target area, and may calculate the heat information within the target area using the shade information acquired by the heat information calculation unit and the shade information acquisition unit.

[0013] The shadow information acquisition unit may acquire shadow information generated by translating the ceiling surface of each building in the 3D model of the target area on the ground along the sun's ray vector at the relevant date and time.

[0014] The thermal and wind environment information generating device may further include a visualization information generating unit that generates information that visualizes the distribution of predicted information of the thermal and wind environment for each position at a target date and time within the target area generated by the thermal and wind environment prediction unit.

[0015] In addition, the thermal and wind environment information generation method disclosed herein acquires information calculated for each material of the temperatures of the exterior wall surfaces and ground surface of buildings within the target area as information on surface temperatures for each position within the target area at a target date and time, and performs a thermal fluid analysis process based on the acquired information to generate predicted information on the thermal and wind environment for each position within the target area at a target date and time.

[0016] In addition, the route search device according to the present disclosure includes a search condition information acquisition unit that is communicatively connected to any one of the thermal / wind environment information generation devices and acquires, as route search conditions, information on the starting position and the destination position and information specifying a prioritized thermal / wind environment, and a route search unit that generates search results for the route search conditions by using predicted information on the thermal / wind environment within the target area generated by the thermal / wind environment prediction unit, giving priority to routes corresponding to the specified thermal / wind environment from among the routes from the starting position to the destination position acquired by the search condition information acquisition unit.

[0017] In addition, in the route search method disclosed herein, a route search device communicatively connected to one of the thermal / wind environment information generating devices acquires, as route search conditions, information on the starting position and destination position and information specifying a prioritized thermal / wind environment, and generates search results for the route search conditions by using the predicted information on the thermal / wind environment within the target area generated by the thermal / wind environment prediction unit to prioritize routes corresponding to the specified thermal / wind environment from among the acquired routes from the starting position to the destination position. [Effects of the Invention]

[0018] According to the thermal and wind environment information generating device, thermal and wind environment information generating method, route search device, and route search method disclosed herein, predicted information on the thermal and wind environment for each local area can be obtained in real time. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0019] [Figure 1] 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a PC using the thermal and wind environment information generating device according to the first embodiment. FIG. [Figure 2] 3 is a flowchart showing the operation of the thermal and wind environment information generating device according to the first embodiment. [Figure 3] FIG. 1(a) is a diagram showing an area for which the thermal and wind environment information generating device according to the first embodiment generates thermal and wind environment information, and FIG. 1(b) is an example of a 3D city model of the area. [Figure 4] (a) is a graph showing the change in temperature data on a specified day in an area for which the thermal and wind environment information generating device of the first embodiment generates thermal and wind environment information, (b) is a graph showing the change in solar radiation on a specified day in the area, and (c) is a graph showing the change in surface temperature for each ground material on a specified day in the area. [Figure 5] This is spatial temperature distribution information generated by the thermal and wind environment information generating device of the first embodiment, which shows areas of each temperature range in the ground space using different shades of color on two-dimensional map information within a specified area. [Figure 6]This is spatial wind speed distribution information generated by the thermal and wind environment information generating device of the first embodiment, which shows areas for each wind speed range in the ground space using different shades of color on two-dimensional map information within a specified area. [Figure 7] 1 shows flow line distribution information that shows air flows in a ground space with lines on three-dimensional map information within a predetermined area, generated by the thermal and wind environment information generating device according to the first embodiment. [Figure 8] 10 shows high temperature area distribution information generated by the thermal and wind environment information generating device according to the first embodiment, in which high temperature areas in the ground space are shown in light colors on three-dimensional map information within a specified area. [Figure 9] 10 shows low temperature area distribution information generated by the thermal and wind environment information generating device according to the first embodiment, in which low temperature areas in the ground space are indicated in dark colors on three-dimensional map information within a specified area. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a PC using the thermal and wind environment information generating device according to the second embodiment. [Figure 11] 10 is a flowchart showing the operation of the thermal and wind environment information generating device according to the second embodiment. [Figure 12] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of route search result information generated by the route search device according to the second embodiment based on temperature distribution information of a target area. [Figure 13] (a) is a graph showing the temperature for each distance from the starting position of route (1), calculated by the route search device of the second embodiment; (b) is a graph showing the temperature for each distance from the starting position of route (2); and (c) is a graph showing the temperature for each distance from the starting position of route (3). [Figure 14] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of route search result information generated by the route search device according to the second embodiment based on wind speed distribution information of a target area. [Figure 15] (a) is a graph showing wind speed for each distance from the starting position of route (1), calculated by the route search device of the second embodiment; (b) is a graph showing wind speed for each distance from the starting position of route (2); and (c) is a graph showing wind speed for each distance from the starting position of route (3). DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0020] First Embodiment In this embodiment, a case will be described in which a thermal and wind environment information generating device mounted on a PC (personal computer) generates thermal and wind environment information for a predetermined date and time regarding a predetermined outdoor area in an urban area. <Configuration of PC equipped with thermal and wind environment information generating device according to the first embodiment> The configuration of a PC equipped with a thermal and wind environment information generating device according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 1. The PC 1A according to this embodiment includes an input unit 10, a CPU 20A, and an output unit 30.

[0021] The input unit 10 inputs location information of the area (hereinafter referred to as the "target area") for which thermal and wind environment information is to be generated, as specified by the user, and information on the date and time (hereinafter referred to as the "target date and time") for which thermal and wind environment information is to be generated.

[0022] The CPU 20A has the function of the thermal and wind environment information generating device 21, and has a ground object information acquisition unit 211, a shade information calculation unit 212 as a shade information acquisition unit, a heat quantity information calculation unit 213, a surface temperature information calculation unit 214 as a surface temperature information acquisition unit, an analysis condition setting unit 215, and a GPU 216.

[0023] The ground object information acquisition unit 211 acquires ground object information within the target area, specifically, information on the types of objects within the target area, such as buildings, roads, waterside areas such as ponds, and green spaces such as parks, as well as information on the positions, shapes, sizes, and materials of the objects, based on the information input from the input unit 10. Information on the material of objects is, for example, information that buildings are concrete, roads are asphalt, waterside areas such as ponds are water, and green spaces such as parks are plants (trees).

[0024] The shade information calculation unit 212 calculates shade information indicating the position, shape, and size of a shade area within the target area based on the information input from the input unit 10.

[0025] The heat quantity information calculation unit 213 calculates the amount of solar radiation, reflection, atmospheric radiation, terrestrial radiation, sensible heat transport, latent heat transport, and underground heat transfer for each surface material in the target area at the target date and time as heat quantity information for the target date and time. Examples of surface materials in the target area include concrete, asphalt, water, and plants.

[0026] Solar radiation is the amount of heat that reaches the ground from the sun. This amount of solar radiation includes the amount of heat that is scattered into the atmosphere, so the amount of solar radiation is never "0" even in shaded areas. Reflection is the amount of heat that is reflected when solar radiation reaches the ground. Atmospheric radiation is the amount of heat transported from the atmosphere to the ground by radiative heat transfer. Terrestrial radiation is the amount of heat transported from the earth's surface to space by radiative heat transfer. Sensible heat transport is the amount of heat that moves from the ground to the atmosphere. Latent heat transport is the amount of heat required for water to evaporate. Subterranean heat transfer is the amount of heat that moves into the ground.

[0027] The surface temperature information calculation unit 214 analyzes the heat balance state based on the various heat quantity information calculated by the heat quantity information calculation unit 213, and calculates the surface temperature for each material at the target date and time within the target area. The surface temperature information calculation unit 214 also determines the object and its surface material for each position within the target area based on the information acquired by the ground object information acquisition unit 211. Furthermore, the surface temperature information calculation unit 214 calculates information on the surface temperature for each position at the target date and time within the target area based on the determined information on the material for each position and the calculated information on the surface temperature for each material.

[0028] The analysis condition setting unit 215 sets information on the wind direction, wind speed, and temperature of the wind flowing into the target area, and the surface temperature for each position within the target area at the target date and time, obtained by the surface temperature information calculation unit 214, as conditions for analyzing the thermal and wind environment of the target area using thermal fluid analysis.

[0029] The GPU 216 has a thermal and wind environment prediction unit 216a and a visualization information generation unit 216b. The thermal and wind environment prediction unit 216a executes a thermal fluid analysis process based on the conditions set by the analysis condition setting unit 215, thereby analyzing the air flow and temperature at the target date and time in the target area and predicting the thermal and wind environment for each location.

[0030] The visualization information generation unit 216b generates visualization information consisting of image information or video information that can be viewed by the user, based on the predicted information of the thermal and wind environment for each position in the target area analyzed by the thermal and wind environment prediction unit 216a.

[0031] The output unit 30 is configured with a display device, and displays the visualization information generated by the visualization information generation unit 216b.

[0032] <Operation of the thermal and wind environment information generating device according to the first embodiment> Next, an example of the operation of the thermal and wind environment information generating device 21 according to this embodiment when generating thermal and wind environment information will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

[0033] First, the user inputs the location information and target date and time information of the target area for which thermal and wind environment information is to be generated from the input unit 10. The user inputs the location information of the target area by, for example, specifying the area on the map information displayed on the output unit 30.

[0034] When the user inputs the location information of the target area and the target date and time information ("YES" in S1), the ground object information acquisition unit 211 of the thermal and wind environment information generating device 21 acquires ground object information within the input target area (S2). The ground object information acquired by the ground object information acquisition unit 211 is, for example, information on the type of object within the target area, such as buildings, roads, waterside areas such as ponds, green spaces, etc., as well as information on the position, shape, size, and material of the object.

[0035] Methods by which the ground object information acquisition unit 211 acquires information on the position, shape, and size of objects in the target area include, for example, acquiring the information by on-site measurements, acquiring the information by modeling 3D information from aerial surveys, etc. The ground object information acquisition unit 211 may also acquire information on the shape and size of buildings in the target area using a 3D city model made public by the G-Spatial Information Center (Project PLATEAU) of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism.

[0036] Information previously input into the map information is used as information on the material of objects in the target area acquired by the ground object information acquisition unit 211. Information on the material of objects is, for example, information such as concrete for buildings, asphalt for roads, water for waterside areas such as ponds, and plants (trees) for green spaces such as parks.

[0037] Next, the shadow information calculation unit 212 calculates shadow information indicating the position, shape, and size of the shadow area within the target area at the target date and time (S3). The shadow information calculation process performed by the shadow information calculation unit 212 will be described below. The shadow information calculation unit 212 first acquires latitude and longitude information of the target area based on information input from the input unit 10, and then calculates the solar altitude and solar direction in the target area at the target date and time based on the acquired information. Next, the shadow information calculation unit 212 calculates a sun ray vector indicating the direction in which the sun's rays will shine from the calculated information.

[0038] Next, the shadow information calculation unit 212 translates the ceiling surface of the building within the target area along the calculated sun ray vector on the ground surface, using the ground object information of the target area acquired by the ground object information acquisition unit 211. The shadow information calculation unit 212 then calculates the moving area of ​​the ceiling surface of the building as shadow information that indicates the position, shape, and size of the shadow area within the target area.

[0039] For example, the area indicated by the bold line in FIG. 3(a) is the target area, and the shadow information calculation unit 212 calculates shadow information for the target date and time within the target area. A 3D city model of the target area is shown in FIG. 3(b). The shadow information calculation unit 212 translates each ceiling surface of each building in the 3D city model in FIG. 3(b) along the ground surface along the calculated sun ray vector, and calculates the area of ​​movement as shadow information. For example, the ceiling surface E of the building indicated by the bold line in FIG. 3(b) is translated along the ground surface along the sun ray vector indicated by the arrow to the area F indicated by the dotted line, and the area G of movement from the ceiling surface E to the dotted line area F is recognized as the shadow area of ​​the building. In the same manner, the shadow areas of all the buildings in FIG. 3(b) are recognized, and the position, shape, and size of each shadow area are calculated as shadow information.

[0040] Other methods for calculating the position, shape, and size of shadow information within a specified area include methods that use techniques such as shadow maps and ray tracing, which are widely used in computer graphics. However, these methods require repeated calculations and can take a long time to complete. In contrast, by using the method described above in which the ceiling surfaces of buildings within the target area are translated along the ground surface in line with the sun's ray vector, the position, shape, and size of shadow information can be generated in a short time with a simple calculation load.

[0041] Next, based on weather forecast information provided by the Japan Meteorological Agency or the like, the heat quantity information calculation unit 213 calculates the amount of solar radiation S↓, the amount of reflection S↑, the amount of atmospheric radiation L↓, and the amount of terrestrial radiation σTs for each surface material and for the presence or absence of solar radiation as heat quantity information for the target date and time within the target region. 4 , sensible heat transport rate H, latent heat transport rate IE, and underground heat transfer rate G (S4). At this time, the heat quantity information calculation unit 213 calculates the above-mentioned parameters taking into consideration material information of the surfaces in the target area, specifically, information such as emissivity, reflectance, evaporation efficiency, thermal conductivity, density, and specific heat of each material.

[0042] These parameters have a heat balance relationship expressed by the following equation (1). Solar radiation S↓ - Reflection S↑ + Atmospheric radiation L↓ = Earth radiation σTs 4 + Sensible heat transport amount H + Latent heat transport amount lE + Underground heat transfer amount G (1)

[0043] The surface temperature information calculation unit 214 substitutes the various heat quantity information for each material calculated by the heat quantity information calculation unit 213 into the above formula (1), and also substitutes known bulk equations for sensible heat and latent heat, thereby calculating the surface temperature Ts for each material of the object in the target region (S5). In this case, the surface temperature information calculation unit 214 calculates the surface temperature of the shaded region to be lower than that of the sunny region, because the amount of solar radiation is significantly reduced in the region recognized as being shaded by the shade information calculation unit 212. Furthermore, the surface temperature information calculation unit 214 determines that water surfaces and green spaces have a large amount of latent heat transport, and thereby calculates the surface temperatures of water surfaces and green spaces to be lower than those of concrete and asphalt regions.

[0044] The surface temperature information calculation unit 214 can calculate the surface temperature of each material in the target area with high accuracy by using heat quantity information that takes into account weather forecast information and surface material information. For example, the amount of solar radiation, which is one type of heat quantity information, varies greatly depending on the location of the target area, the target date and time, whether or not there is shade, and the weather (clear, cloudy, rainy, etc.). Furthermore, among surface materials, asphalt does not contain moisture and therefore does not lose heat through evaporation, making the surface temperature prone to rise, while green spaces, because the vegetation contains moisture, lose heat through evaporation and make the ground surface temperature prone to drop. By taking into account the various solar radiation environments and differences in materials in this way, the surface temperature information calculation unit 214 can calculate the surface temperature of each material with high accuracy.

[0045] As an example, when the temperature data change for a target day in a target area provided by the Japan Meteorological Agency is the value shown in FIG. 4(a) and the calculated change in solar radiation is the value shown in FIG. 4(b), the surface temperature change for each material calculated by the surface temperature information calculation unit 214 is shown in FIG. 4(c). In FIG. 4(c), the thick solid line T1 indicates the surface temperature change of asphalt in sunny areas, the fine dotted line T2 indicates the surface temperature change of asphalt in shade, the fine solid line T3 indicates the surface temperature change of green space in sunny areas, and the coarse dotted line T4 indicates the surface temperature change of waterside areas in sunny areas. As shown in FIG. 4(c), the surface temperature is highest in sunny asphalt and lowest near water throughout the day. Furthermore, the green space is warmer than the asphalt in shade during the day, and after sunset, the asphalt in shade is warmer than the green space.

[0046] Next, the surface temperature information calculation unit 214 determines the type of object for each position within the target area and further determines the material of its surface based on the information acquired by the ground object information acquisition unit 211. Then, the surface temperature information calculation unit 214 calculates information on the surface temperature for each position within the target area at the target date and time based on the determined information on the material for each position and the calculated information on the surface temperature for each material.

[0047] Here, when calculating the surface temperature for each position within the target area at the target date and time, the surface temperature information calculation unit 214 calculates the temperature of the building's exterior wall surface as the same temperature as the ground surface temperature calculated for the corresponding material, such as concrete. In other words, the surface temperature information calculation unit 214 recognizes the surface of the target area in two dimensions, and calculates the surface temperature for each material within the target area at the target date and time, assuming the same solar radiation angle and amount of solar radiation. In reality, the angle of the ground surface relative to the solar ray vector differs from the angle of the building's exterior wall surface, and the amount of solar radiation also differs. However, it is considered that the difference in ground surface temperature due to changes in material and the presence or absence of shade is greater than the difference in surface temperature due to changes in angle. Therefore, calculating the surface temperatures as the same value reduces the computational load in the thermal fluid analysis processing described below.

[0048] Next, the analysis condition setting unit 215 sets conditions for analyzing the air flow and temperature in the target area at the target date and time using thermal fluid analysis (S6). The analysis condition setting unit 215 first sets the wind direction, wind speed, and temperature of the wind flowing into the target area. These values ​​may be time-averaged values ​​obtained by an existing meteorological observation device (for example, "POTEKA" (registered trademark) manufactured by Meisei Electric Co., Ltd.), or may use the results of analysis of weather forecast information. In this embodiment, in order to reduce the computational load in the thermal fluid analysis process, the wind flowing into the target area is assumed to be unidirectional, have a constant flow speed, and have a constant temperature.

[0049] Next, the analysis condition setting unit 215 sets the surface temperature for each position at the target date and time within the target region, which was acquired by the surface temperature information calculation unit 214. Here, in order to reduce the calculation load in the thermal fluid analysis process, the difference in the angle of the surface relative to the sun's ray vector is ignored as described above, and the same value is set for the same material.

[0050] Next, the thermal / wind environment prediction unit 216a predicts the thermal / wind environment (S7) by analyzing the air flow and temperature at the target date and time in the target area using a general thermal fluid analysis (CFD: Computational Fluid Dynamics) method based on the conditions set by the analysis condition setting unit 215. Specifically, the thermal / wind environment prediction unit 216a predicts the thermal / wind environment for each position at the target date and time in the target area by calculating the air flow and temperature in each cubic or rectangular space obtained by dividing the rectangular parallelepiped-shaped ground space of the target area into a three-dimensional grid.

[0051] Here, in order to speed up the analysis processing, it is considered more suitable for the thermal and wind environment prediction unit 216a to adopt the lattice Boltzmann method using the Boltzmann equation rather than a method using the Navier-Stokes equation, which is a general method for thermal fluid analysis processing. The lattice Boltzmann method is a method that excels in parallelizing calculations and is compatible with GPUs, which have high parallel calculation processing capabilities. The thermal and wind environment prediction unit 216a can use, for example, Discovery Live software from ANSYS (registered trademark) as software for executing thermal fluid analysis on the GPU 216.

[0052] Generally, when performing a thermal fluid analysis, it is coupled with a heat transfer analysis, and the thermal fluid analysis is performed taking into account the surface temperature in the target area based on the results of the previous heat transfer analysis, and the next heat transfer analysis is performed taking into account the results of the thermal fluid analysis. However, in this embodiment, the thermal and wind environment prediction unit 216a does not perform a coupled analysis that takes into account the results of the previous heat transfer analysis when performing the thermal fluid analysis process, but instead performs an analysis process based only on information input regarding the target date and time of the target area to predict the target thermal and wind environment. By performing the process in this manner, the thermal and wind environment prediction unit 216a can reduce the calculation load in the thermal fluid analysis process.

[0053] As a result, the thermal and wind environment prediction unit 216a can perform a thermal fluid analysis of each space, which is divided into squares of several meters to several tens of meters within an area of ​​approximately 2.3 km x 2.8 km around Tokyo Station, in about 30 minutes. In other words, by configuring the thermal and wind environment prediction unit 216a to operate as described above, it is possible to analyze the thermal and wind environment for each position at a target date and time within a target area in a short time using a general-purpose PC1A equipped with a GPU 216, without using an expensive supercomputer.

[0054] The thermal and wind environment prediction unit 216a may also compare the predicted thermal and wind environment information with weather forecast information provided by the Japan Meteorological Agency or the like at a predetermined timing, and if there is a difference of a predetermined value or more, adjust the predicted thermal and wind environment information to match the weather forecast information. For example, if the temperature obtained in the analysis results for a certain point in the target area at a predetermined date and time is 5°C lower than the temperature obtained in the analysis results for that point at a predetermined date and time in the weather forecast information, the thermal and wind environment prediction unit 216a may lower the temperature in the analysis results for the entire target area by 5°C. Also, if the wind speed obtained in the analysis results for a certain point in the target area at a predetermined date and time in the weather forecast information is 5 m / s lower than the wind speed obtained in the analysis results for that point at a predetermined date and time in the thermal and wind environment prediction unit 216a may lower the wind speed in the analysis results for the entire target area by 5 m / s. By making such adjustments, it is possible to prevent the analysis results from deviating from the actual thermal and wind environment.

[0055] The information on the thermal and wind environment for each position in the target area analyzed by the thermal and wind environment prediction unit 216a can be used to identify the installation location of a meteorological observation device. For example, when installing a meteorological observation device to prevent heatstroke, a location that remains hot for a long time is identified as the installation location.

[0056] Furthermore, information on the thermal and wind environment for each location within the target area can be used to identify locations for installing solar panels or wind power generation facilities. For example, locations with high solar radiation can be identified as locations for installing solar panels, and locations with high wind speeds can be identified as locations for installing wind power generation facilities.

[0057] In addition, information on the thermal and wind environment for each location within the target area can be used to determine weather conditions when conducting bridge inspections using drones. Because weather conditions such as wind speed have a significant impact on drone operation, inspections can be carried out more efficiently by avoiding operation when the wind speed at the inspection location is above a certain value.

[0058] Furthermore, information on the thermal and wind environment for each location within the target area can be used to examine the effects of changing asphalt to green space. Specifically, by calculating the change in temperature in an area currently covered with asphalt when that area is converted into green space, it is possible to examine whether or not green space would be effective.

[0059] Next, the visualization information generation unit 216b generates visualization information consisting of image information or video information that can be viewed by the user, based on the predicted information of the thermal and wind environment for the target area analyzed by the thermal and wind environment prediction unit 216a.

[0060] Examples of visualization information include ground surface temperature distribution information in the target area, streamline distribution information showing the air flow in the above-ground space, spatial temperature distribution information showing areas in the above-ground space by color-coding each temperature range, spatial wind speed distribution information showing areas in the above-ground space by color-coding each wind speed range, temperature distribution information on a plane parallel to the ground at a specified height above the ground, or wind speed distribution information on a plane parallel to the ground at a specified height above the ground.

[0061] The visualization information generated by the visualization information generation unit 216b is displayed on the output unit 30 (S8). Examples of the visualization information displayed on the output unit 30 are shown in FIGS. 5 to 9. FIG. 5 shows spatial temperature distribution information generated by the visualization information generation unit 216b, which indicates areas of different temperature ranges in the ground space using different shades of color on two-dimensional map information within a specified region. FIG. 6 shows spatial wind speed distribution information generated by the visualization information generation unit 216b, which indicates areas of different wind speed ranges in the ground space using different shades of color on two-dimensional map information within a specified region. FIG. 7 shows streamline distribution information generated by the visualization information generation unit 216b, which indicates, with lines, the flow of air in the ground space when wind flows in the direction of the arrow on three-dimensional map information within a specified region. FIG. 8 shows high-temperature area distribution information generated by the visualization information generation unit 216b, which indicates high-temperature areas in the ground space using light colors on three-dimensional map information within a specified region. FIG. 9 shows low temperature area distribution information generated by the visualization information generating unit 216b, in which low temperature areas in the ground space are displayed in dark colors on three-dimensional map information within a predetermined area.

[0062] Among these visualization information, the ground surface temperature distribution information of the target area or the temperature distribution information at a predetermined height above ground can be used in a heatstroke hazard map provided to prevent heatstroke. In this case, the visualization information generator 216b may output information calling attention to areas within the target area where the temperature is particularly high. Furthermore, the ground surface temperature distribution information of the target area or the temperature distribution information at a predetermined height above ground may be used to provide information on hot spots in winter.

[0063] According to the first embodiment described above, it is possible to accurately grasp in real time the predicted information on the thermal and wind environment for a specific date and time for each local area where people move around on foot, and present it in a form that is easy for users to understand. Urban areas have many buildings, and the solar radiation conditions in the sun and shade change from moment to moment, causing the thermal and wind environment of the space to differ greatly between the sun and shade. Therefore, by predicting the local thermal and wind environment using shade information as described in this embodiment, it is possible to present highly convenient information.

[0064] In this embodiment, the thermal and wind environment information generating device 21 generates predicted information on the thermal and wind environment by reducing the processing load while maintaining prediction accuracy as much as possible, thereby achieving highly real-time calculations. Specifically, to reduce the processing load of the thermal and wind environment prediction, the thermal and wind environment information generating device 21 generates shade information within a target area by translating the ceiling surfaces of each building in a 3D city model of the target area along the ground along the sun's ray vector at the relevant date and time. Furthermore, when calculating the surface temperature for each material within the target area at a target date and time, the thermal and wind environment information generating device 21 of this embodiment calculates the temperature of the exterior wall surface of the building as the same temperature as the ground surface temperature calculated for the corresponding material. Furthermore, when analyzing the air flow and temperature of the target area using thermal fluid analysis, the thermal and wind environment information generating device 21 of this embodiment performs analysis processing assuming that the wind flowing into the target area is unidirectional, has a constant flow velocity, and a constant temperature. Furthermore, the thermal and wind environment information generating device 21 of this embodiment is configured with a PC equipped with a GPU and performs thermal fluid analysis processing using the lattice Boltzmann algorithm. Furthermore, the thermal and wind environment information generating device 21 according to this embodiment does not perform coupled analysis that takes into account the results of previous heat transfer analyses, but instead predicts the target thermal and wind environment by performing analysis processing based only on the information input regarding the target date and time for the target region. By configuring the thermal and wind environment information generating device 21 to operate in this manner, it is possible to efficiently calculate predicted information on the thermal and wind environment for each local region at a specified date and time in a short time while minimizing the decrease in analysis accuracy.

[0065] Second Embodiment In this embodiment, we will explain a route search device that, when searching for a route in an urban area based on information specified by a user, performs a route search process using the thermal and wind environment information of the relevant area generated by the thermal and wind environment information generating device as described in the first embodiment.

[0066] <Configuration of PC equipped with route search device according to second embodiment> The configuration of a PC 1B equipped with a route search device according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 10. PC 1B according to this embodiment has the same configuration as PC 1A described in the first embodiment except that CPU 20B is provided with route search device 22, so detailed description of parts having the same functions as PC 1A will be omitted.

[0067] In this embodiment, the input unit 10 inputs information on the starting position and the destination position, and information specifying a prioritized thermal and wind environment, as route search conditions specified by the user.

[0068] The route search device 22 is communicably connected to the thermal and wind environment information generation device 21, and has a search condition information acquisition unit 221, a thermal and wind environment information acquisition unit 222, a route search unit 223, and a search result information generation unit 224.

[0069] The search condition information acquisition unit 221 acquires information on the route search conditions input from the input unit 10. The thermal and wind environment information acquisition unit 222 acquires information on the air flow and temperature related to the target date and time of the target area analyzed by the thermal and wind environment prediction unit 216a of the thermal and wind environment information generation device 21 in accordance with the route search conditions input from the input unit 10.

[0070] The route search unit 223 executes a route search for the route search conditions from the departure position to the destination position acquired by the search condition information acquisition unit 221, using the predicted information of the thermal and wind environment in the target area acquired by the thermal and wind environment information acquisition unit 222. At this time, the route search unit 223 executes the route search by giving priority to a route corresponding to the specified thermal and wind environment among the routes from the departure position to the destination position.

[0071] The search result information generating unit 224 generates search result information made up of image information or video information that can be viewed by the user, based on the route search result by the route searching unit 223.

[0072] <Operation of the Route Search Device According to the Second Embodiment> Next, an example of the operation of the route search device 22 according to this embodiment when performing route search processing will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

[0073] First, the user inputs information on the starting location and destination location from the input unit 10, and information specifying a preferred thermal / wind environment as a route search condition ("YES" in S11). Here, we will explain a case where the user inputs information on the location indicated by point P on the map in Fig. 12 as the starting location information, inputs information on the location indicated by point Q as the destination location information, and specifies "avoid hot areas" as the preferred thermal / wind environment.

[0074] The search condition information acquisition unit 221 of the route search device 22 acquires the information input from the input unit 10. Furthermore, based on the information acquired by the search condition information acquisition unit 221, the search condition information acquisition unit 221 instructs the thermal and wind environment information generation device 21 to analyze the thermal and wind environment of the area including the starting position (point P) and the destination position (point Q) (S12).

[0075] When the thermal and wind environment information generating device 21 receives an instruction from the route searching device 22 to analyze the thermal and wind environment of an area including a starting position (point P) and a destination position (point Q), it generates thermal and wind environment information for the target area, which is the area R including points P and Q. The process by which the thermal and wind environment information generating device 21 generates the thermal and wind environment information of the target area is the same as the process described in the first embodiment, and therefore a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0076] The thermal and wind environment information acquisition unit 222 acquires information on the thermal and wind environment of the target area predicted by the analysis process performed by the thermal and wind environment prediction unit 216a of the thermal and wind environment information generation device 21 (S13). Here, information on the thermal and wind environment of the target area is acquired as information on the temperature distribution on a plane 1.5 m above the ground parallel to the ground. Areas B-1, B-2, B-3, and B-4 in Figure 12 are concrete buildings, areas H-1, H-2, H-3, and H-4 are areas where the temperature in the acquired temperature distribution information is higher than a predetermined value, and areas C-1, C-2, C-3, and C-4 are areas where the temperature is lower than a predetermined value.

[0077] Next, the route search unit 223 executes a route search process from point P to point Q (S14). In this route search process, the route search unit 223 first extracts all routes that reach point Q from point P. Here, the route search unit 223 extracts three routes, route (1), route (2), and route (3), as shown in FIG. 12. Here, the distance from point P to point Q is 600 m for all of route (1), route (2), and route (3).

[0078] Next, the route search unit 223 acquires the temperatures at multiple points on each route from point P to point Q on a plane 1.5 m above ground parallel to the ground, based on the information acquired by the thermal and wind environment information acquisition unit 222. Fig. 13(a) shows the temperatures at each distance from point P on route (1), Fig. 13(b) shows the temperatures at each distance from point P on route (2), and Fig. 13(c) shows the temperatures at each distance from point P on route (3). Furthermore, the route search unit 223 calculates the average temperature on each route based on the acquired information on the temperatures at multiple points on each route.

[0079] Next, the route search unit 223 identifies route (2) from the three routes (1) to (3) as the route with the lowest calculated average temperature, in accordance with the prioritized thermal / wind environment "avoid hot areas," which is the route search condition acquired by the search condition information acquisition unit 221. Then, the search result information generation unit 224 generates search result information consisting of image information or video information, which indicates route (2) with the highest priority. The search result information generated by the search result information generation unit 224 is output to the output unit 30 (S15).

[0080] As another example of the operation of the route search device 22 when performing route search processing, we will explain the case where a user specifies information on the starting location (point P), information on the destination location (point Q) as search conditions, and "avoid windy areas" as the preferred thermal and wind environment.

[0081] When the user inputs the search condition information, the search condition information acquisition unit 221 of the route search device 22 acquires the input information ("YES" in S11). Based on the acquired information, the search condition information acquisition unit 221 instructs the thermal and wind environment information generation device 21 to analyze the thermal and wind environment of the area including the starting position (point P) and the destination position (point Q) (S12).

[0082] Then, the thermal and wind environment information acquisition unit 222 acquires information on the thermal and wind environment of the target area predicted by the thermal and wind environment information generation device 21 (S13). Here, information on the wind speed distribution in a plane 1.5 m above ground parallel to the ground is acquired as information on the thermal and wind environment of the target area. Areas W-1, W-2, and W-3 ​​in Figure 14 are areas where the wind speed in the acquired wind speed distribution information is higher than a predetermined value.

[0083] Next, the route search unit 223 extracts three routes, route (1), route (2), and route (3), that reach point Qn from point P, and obtains the wind speeds at multiple points on each route from point P to point Q on a plane 1.5 m above ground that is parallel to the ground. Fig. 15(a) shows the wind speed for each distance from point P on route (1), Fig. 15(b) shows the wind speed for each distance from point P on route (2), and Fig. 15(c) shows the wind speed for each distance from point P on route (3).

[0084] Next, the route search unit 223 identifies the route (2) with the lowest maximum wind speed value from among the three routes (1) to (3) in accordance with the prioritized thermal / wind environment "avoid windy areas," which is the route search condition acquired by the search condition information acquisition unit 221. Then, the search result information generation unit 224 generates search result information consisting of image information or video information, which indicates the route (2) with the highest priority. The search result information generated by the search result information generation unit 224 is output to the output unit 30 (S15).

[0085] According to the second embodiment described above, it is possible to perform an accurate route search according to the thermal and wind environment conditions specified by the user using the information generated by the thermal and wind environment information generating device 21 described in the first embodiment.

[0086] Although several embodiments have been described, the embodiments can be modified or varied based on the above disclosure. All components of the above embodiments and all features described in the claims may be individually extracted and combined, unless they contradict each other.

[0087] This disclosure can contribute, for example, to Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) Goal 11: "Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable." [Explanation of symbols]

[0088] 1A, 1B PC 10 Input section 20A, 20B CPU 21 Thermal and wind environment information generating device 22 Route search device 30 Output section 211 Ground object information acquisition unit 212 Shade Information Calculation Unit 213 Calorie information calculation section 214 Surface temperature information calculation section 215 Analysis condition setting section 216 GPU 216a Thermal and Wind Environment Prediction Department 216b Visualization information generation section 221 Search condition information acquisition unit 222 Thermal and Wind Environment Information Acquisition Unit 223 Route Search Unit 224 Search result information generation unit

Claims

1. A shade information acquisition unit that acquires shade information indicating the shaded area, which is generated by translating the ceiling surface of each building in the target area on the ground along the sun's ray vector at the target date and time; a heat quantity information calculation unit that calculates the amount of solar radiation, the amount of reflection, the amount of atmospheric radiation, the amount of terrestrial radiation, the amount of sensible heat transport, the amount of latent heat transport, and the amount of underground heat transfer as heat quantity information for each surface material within the target area; a surface temperature information acquisition unit that acquires temperatures of the outer wall surfaces of buildings and the ground surface within the target area as information on surface temperatures for each position within the target area at the target date and time based on the shade information and the heat quantity information; A thermal and wind environment information generating device comprising a thermal and wind environment prediction unit that generates predicted information on the thermal and wind environment for each position at a target date and time within the target area by performing a thermal fluid analysis process based on the information acquired by the surface temperature information acquisition unit.

2. The thermal and wind environment information generating device according to claim 1, further comprising a visualization information generating unit that generates information that visualizes the distribution of predicted information of the thermal and wind environment for each position at a target date and time within the target area generated by the thermal and wind environment prediction unit.

3. A thermal and wind environment information generating device that generates forecast information of the thermal and wind environment at a target date and time in a target area, acquiring shade information indicating a shaded area, the shade information being generated by translating the ceiling surface of each building in the target area along the ground along the sun's ray vector at the target date and time; Calculating the amount of solar radiation, the amount of reflection, the amount of atmospheric radiation, the amount of terrestrial radiation, the amount of sensible heat transport, the amount of latent heat transport, and the amount of underground heat transfer as heat quantity information for each surface material within the target area; acquiring temperatures of the exterior wall surfaces of buildings and the ground surface within the target area as surface temperature information for each position within the target area at the target date and time based on the shade information and the heat quantity information; A thermal and wind environment information generation method that generates predicted information on the thermal and wind environment for each position at a target date and time within the target area by performing a thermal fluid analysis process based on the surface temperature information.

4. A device communicably connected to the thermal and wind environment information generating device according to claim 1 or 2, a search condition information acquisition unit that acquires, as route search conditions, information on a starting position and a destination position and information specifying a prioritized thermal and wind environment; and a route search unit that generates search results for the route search conditions by using predicted information of the thermal and wind environment within the target area generated by the thermal and wind environment prediction unit and prioritizing routes corresponding to the specified thermal and wind environment from among the routes from the departure position to the destination position acquired by the search condition information acquisition unit.

5. A route search device communicably connected to the thermal and wind environment information generating device according to claim 1 or 2, As route search conditions, information on the starting location and the destination location and information specifying the preferred thermal and wind environment are acquired, A route search method that uses predicted information of the thermal and wind environment within the target area generated by the thermal and wind environment prediction unit to generate search results for the route search conditions by prioritizing routes that correspond to the specified thermal and wind environment from among the acquired routes from the starting position to the destination position.

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