Vibration and sound insulation devices

Abstract

This vibration device comprises: a glass vibration plate formed by laminating a plurality of glass plates and configured by including a solid phase intermediate layer between at least a pair of glass plates among the glass plates; a vibrator fixed to the glass vibration plate so as to vibrate the glass vibration plate; and an enclosure member that defines an internal space surrounding the vibrator fixed to the glass vibration plate and that causes one end of the glass vibration plate to be exposed outside the internal space from the opening of the internal space. This glass vibration plate is provided with a temperature adjustment unit that adjusts the temperature of the intermediate layer.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a vibration device and a sound insulating device. [Background technology]

[0002] A technique for improving acoustic characteristics by vibrating a glass plate is known (Patent Document 1). The speaker device described in Patent Document 1 includes a light-transmitting diaphragm (for example, a glass plate, a translucent ceramic, or the like), an exciter that generates vibrations, and a vibration transmission unit that is connected to the diaphragm and the exciter and transmits vibrations from the exciter to the diaphragm. The loss factor of this diaphragm at 25°C is 1×10 -2 The specific elastic modulus of the vibration transmission part is 20mm 2 / s 2 As described above, the design of the diaphragm is not compromised while maintaining acoustic performance, and excellent design is achieved. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] International Publication No. 2019 / 172076 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] The speaker device described in Patent Document 1 has an intermediate layer between a pair of substrates (e.g., glass plates), and discloses that when the intermediate layer is liquid, a high loss coefficient can be achieved, and that making the thickness thinner results in better vibration transmission. However, the speaker device described in Patent Document 1 does not particularly disclose acoustic characteristics that depend on changes in ambient temperature. For example, when the speaker device is used as a vibration (sound) generating unit of a sound insulation device and is installed between the interior and exterior of a vehicle, building, etc., a sufficient sound insulation effect may not be obtained depending on the outside temperature. This is because the vibration frequency characteristics of the diaphragm are temperature dependent. In particular, at low temperatures, the damping properties decrease, making the diaphragm more susceptible to resonance, and the desired performance cannot be achieved.

[0005] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a vibration device and a sound-proofing device that can stably exhibit the required vibration characteristics by suppressing changes in acoustic characteristics caused by temperature changes in a glass diaphragm. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The present invention comprises the following configurations. (1) A glass vibration plate formed by stacking a plurality of glass plates and having a solid intermediate layer between at least one pair of the glass plates; a vibrator fixed to the glass diaphragm and vibrating the glass diaphragm; an enclosure member that defines an internal space surrounding the vibrator fixed to the glass diaphragm, and exposes one end of the glass diaphragm to the outside of the internal space through an opening of the internal space; The glass diaphragm includes a temperature control unit that adjusts the temperature of the intermediate layer. Vibration device. (2) The vibration device according to (1) arranged at the boundary between an indoor space and the outdoors; an outdoor sound detection unit that detects sounds from noise sources or vibration sources that are correlated with the sound wave vibrations induced in the glass diaphragm and outputs a reference signal according to the detection results; an indoor sound detection unit that detects sounds in the indoor space and outputs an error signal according to the detection result; a control unit that outputs a cancellation signal having an opposite phase to the reference signal to the transducer; A sound-proofing device comprising: [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] According to the present invention, it is possible to suppress changes in the acoustic characteristics of the glass diaphragm in response to temperature changes, and to stably exhibit the required vibration characteristics. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a vibration device applied as a sound insulation device for a vehicle. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of one vibration device provided on a vehicle door. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line III-III shown in FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram of a sound insulation device applied to a vehicle. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the glass diaphragm. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a glass diaphragm showing another example of the arrangement of the temperature adjusting section shown in FIG. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a graph showing the temperature dependence of the frequency response characteristics of the glass diaphragm. [Figure 8A] 8A is an explanatory diagram showing a temperature control region by a temperature control unit arranged on the glass diaphragm shown in FIG. 2. FIG. [Figure 8B] 8B is an explanatory diagram showing a temperature control region by a temperature control unit arranged on the glass diaphragm shown in FIG. [Figure 8C] 8C is an explanatory diagram showing a temperature control region by a temperature control unit arranged on the glass diaphragm shown in FIG. [Figure 8D] 8D is an explanatory diagram showing a temperature control region by a temperature control unit arranged on the glass diaphragm shown in FIG. [Figure 9A] FIG. 9A is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a glass diaphragm. [Figure 9B] FIG. 9B is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the glass diaphragm. [Figure 9C] FIG. 9C is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the glass diaphragm. [Figure 10A] FIG. 10A is a plan view showing a configuration in which a glass diaphragm is attached to a vehicle body. [Figure 10B] FIG. 10B is a plan view showing a configuration in which the glass diaphragm is attached to a vehicle body. [Figure 10C] FIG. 10C is a plan view showing a configuration in which the glass diaphragm is attached to a vehicle body. [Figure 10D] FIG. 10D is a plan view showing a configuration in which the glass diaphragm is attached to a vehicle body. [Figure 10E] FIG. 10E is a plan view showing a configuration in which the glass diaphragm is attached to a vehicle body. [Figure 10F] FIG. 10F is a plan view showing a configuration in which the glass diaphragm is attached to a vehicle body. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a configuration in which a heat ray reflecting layer is provided on a glass diaphragm. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a configuration in which the thickness of one glass plate of the glass diaphragm is thinner than the thickness of the other glass plate. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the configuration of the glass diaphragm. [Figure 14] FIG. 14 is a plan view of a vehicle showing the application locations of the glass vibration plate in the vehicle. [Figure 15] FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram showing an example in which a glass diaphragm is applied to a window of a house. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] Hereinafter, configuration examples of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The present invention is a vibration device having the function of a speaker that generates sound by vibrating a glass vibration plate. Here, as an example, the application of the vibration device to a soundproofing device that reduces the propagation of outside noise into a room will be described. However, the use of the vibration device is not limited to this, and it can also be applied to other purposes. Furthermore, here, the application of the glass vibration plate to vehicle windows and residential windows will be described, but the application of the glass vibration plate is not limited to these.

[0010] FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a vibration device applied as a sound insulation device for a vehicle. The sound insulation device 200 includes a plurality of vibration devices 100 configured as windows of a vehicle S using glass vibration plates 10, a plurality of outdoor sound detection units 11 (11A, 11B, 11C) described in detail below, an indoor sound detection unit 13, and a control unit 15.

[0011] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of one vibration device 100 provided on a door of a vehicle S. The vibration device 100 comprises a glass vibration plate 10, a vibrator 20 attached to the glass vibration plate 10, and a temperature control unit 30 that adjusts the temperature of the glass vibration plate 10. The glass vibration plate 10 is supported by a door panel 17 that serves as a window frame so that it can be raised and lowered freely.

[0012] FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line III-III shown in FIG. The door panel 17 has an enclosing member 40 that houses a portion of the glass diaphragm 10. The enclosing member 40 may be a portion of the door panel 17, or may be the entire door panel 17. The enclosing member 40 has an opening 19 through which the glass diaphragm 10 protrudes. At least one, and preferably multiple, vibrators 20 are attached to the glass diaphragm 10.

[0013] The glass diaphragm 10 generates sound when excited by vibrations generated by the vibrator 20. The vibrator 20 is fixed to the glass diaphragm 10 and vibrates the glass diaphragm 10 in response to an input drive signal. The glass diaphragm 10 is a laminated structure, and as will be described in detail later, has an intermediate layer (described later) between at least a pair of glass diaphragms 10. The glass diaphragm 10 has an outer shape that matches the shape of the window of the vehicle S, but the shape is not limited to this. Furthermore, the glass diaphragm 10 itself may be translucent, allowing it to be seen through, or may have selective light transparency, such as light blocking properties, an optical filter such as a bandpass filter, or a surface treatment layer that makes the surface a light diffusing surface.

[0014] The vibrator 20 is an actuator such as a voice coil motor, and includes a coil section, a magnetic circuit section, and a vibration section connected to the coil section or the magnetic circuit section. When a drive signal from the control unit 15 is input to the coil section of the vibrator 20, the coil section or the magnetic circuit section vibrates due to the interaction between the coil section and the magnetic circuit section. The vibration of the coil section or the magnetic circuit section is transmitted to the vibration section and then transmitted from the vibration section to the glass diaphragm 10. As a result, sound is generated from the glass diaphragm 10.

[0015] The temperature adjustment unit 30 has a heating element that adjusts the temperature of the intermediate layer of the glass diaphragm 10, or a structure with a heat retention function. The temperature adjustment unit 30 may be provided on one side or both sides of the glass diaphragm 10. The temperature adjustment unit 30 may be configured to heat, cool, or keep warm the intermediate layer in response to a command signal from the control unit 15 based on the temperature of the glass diaphragm 10, surrounding components, or the ambient atmosphere detected by a sensor unit (not shown).

[0016] The sensor unit for detecting temperature can be a contact temperature sensor or a non-contact temperature sensor. Examples of contact temperature sensors include a thermistor, a thermocouple, a resistance temperature detector, and an IC temperature sensor. Examples of non-contact temperature sensors include an infrared sensor. The sensor unit may be mounted on the surface of the glass diaphragm 10, or may be embedded in a groove (recess) or hole formed in part of the glass diaphragm 10. The sensor unit may be embedded in the intermediate layer of the glass diaphragm 10, embedded in the interface between the intermediate layer and the glass plate, or integrated with the vibrator 20. The sensor unit may be installed in the enclosure member 40 or the door panel 17. An external or internal thermometer may be provided as the sensor unit, and the temperature of the glass diaphragm 10 may be calculated by the control unit 15 based on the measured temperature.

[0017] The enclosing member 40 is formed in a box shape that surrounds the portion of the glass diaphragm 10 where the vibrator 20 and the temperature control unit 30 are arranged. A shielding member 21 is provided in the opening 19 of the enclosing member 40. The shielding member 21 makes the internal space 23 of the enclosing member 40 a closed space, and acoustically shields the opening 19 from the glass diaphragm 10. The glass diaphragm 10 is also divided into a vibration region A1 inside the internal space 23 where the vibrator 20 is provided, and a vibration region A2 outside the internal space 23. Note that the closed space referred to here means a space in which the volume of sound inside the internal space 23 propagating to the outside of the enclosing member 40 through the opening 19 differs depending on whether the shielding member 21 is installed in the opening 19 or not. Specifically, a closed space means a space that can have an acoustic shielding effect by at least the shielding member 21 between the opening 19 and the glass diaphragm 10, even if there is a gap or the like other than the opening 19 of the enclosing member 40.

[0018] In other words, the vibration region A1 is the region of the plate surface of the glass diaphragm 10 excluding the portion exposed to the outside from the internal space 23 of the enclosing member 40. In other words, the enclosing member 40 exposes one end of the glass diaphragm 10 to the outside of the internal space 23 through the opening 19 of the internal space 23. Here, the one end of the glass diaphragm 10 means the end of the glass diaphragm 10 that is farther from the end of the glass diaphragm 10 that is closer to the fixed positions of the vibrator 20 and the temperature adjustment unit 30, and the end of the glass diaphragm 10 that is farther from the fixed positions.

[0019] The shielding member 21 can be made of any polymeric material, including hydrocarbons, silicones, and fluorine-containing materials, as well as any rubber. However, when the dynamic viscoelasticity of a sheet molded to a thickness of 1 mm is measured at 25°C, a frequency of 1 Hz, and in compression mode, the storage modulus G is 1.0 × 10 2 ~1.0×10 10 A material with a viscosity of 1.0×10 Pa is preferred. 3 ~1.0×10 8A material having a viscosity of Pa is more preferable. The "shielding" by the shielding member 21 described above refers to a state in which the shielding member 21 is in contact with the glass diaphragm 10 to the extent that it allows slight movement on the order of millimeters without completely fixing the glass diaphragm 10. This prevents sound leakage from the internal space 23.

[0020] A support member 25 that protects the lower side of the glass diaphragm 10 may be provided on the bottom surface of the internal space 23. The support member 25 may be an elastic sheet having cushioning properties, such as rubber, felt, or sponge.

[0021] Although details of the enclosing member 40 of this configuration are omitted, a driving mechanism (not shown) enables the glass vibration plate 10 to be raised and lowered. By raising and lowering the glass vibration plate 10, the window of the vehicle S shown in Figures 1 and 2 can be opened and closed freely. Therefore, when the window is closed by the glass vibration plate 10, the interior and exterior of the vehicle are separated, and a sound-insulating effect is obtained within the vehicle by the vibration of the glass vibration plate 10, which will be described later.

[0022] The exterior sound detection unit 11 shown in FIG. 1 is, for example, a microphone. This exterior sound detection unit 11 detects sound from a noise source or vibration source that is correlated with the sound wave vibration induced in the glass diaphragm 10, and outputs a reference signal according to the detection result. Specifically, the exterior sound detection unit 11A is provided in the engine compartment and detects noise emitted from the engine ENG. The exterior sound detection unit 11B is provided in the front wheel housing and detects noise such as road noise from the front tire TR. Similarly, the exterior sound detection unit 11C detects noise from the rear tire TR.

[0023] The sound signals detected by these exterior sound detection units 11 are transmitted as reference signals to the control unit 15. The exterior sound detection unit 11 may be a vibration sensor or an optical sensor that detects the rotation speed of the engine ENG or tires, and in that case, information on the rotation speed is transmitted from the exterior sound detection unit 11 to the control unit 15 as a reference signal.

[0024] The interior sound detection unit 13 is, for example, a microphone, and is provided in the interior of the vehicle S to detect interior sounds. The interior sound detection unit 13 is preferably placed in the interior near the glass diaphragm 10 and the ears of the occupants. The sound signal detected by the interior sound detection unit 13 is transmitted to the control unit 15 as an error signal.

[0025] Vibrations from vibrator 20 are propagated from excitation region A1 to vibration region A2 and acoustically radiated from vibration region A2. In this case, in internal space 23 of enclosing member 40, the opening 19 and glass diaphragm 10 are acoustically shielded by shielding member 21, so sound generated from excitation region A1 is attenuated within internal space 23. Therefore, sound from excitation region A1 is less likely to leak outside internal space 23.

[0026] <Sound insulation control> 4 is a functional block diagram of a sound insulation device applied to the vehicle S. Control of the sound insulation device will be described based on FIG. The control unit 15 is configured by a microcomputer having a processor such as a CPU, memories such as ROM and RAM, and storage. The exterior sound detection unit 11 detects noise from noise sources such as the sound of the engine ENG and road noise from the tires TR, and transmits the noise detection result as a reference signal to the control unit 15. The interior sound detection unit 13 detects sound inside the vehicle, and transmits the interior sound detection result as an error signal to the control unit 15.

[0027] Based on the transfer function, the control unit 15 synchronizes the phase of the reference signal from the exterior sound detection unit 11 with the phase of the error signal from the interior sound detection unit 13, thereby generating a cancellation signal that is in opposite phase to the reference signal. This cancellation signal minimizes the error signal. The control unit 15 then amplifies the generated cancellation signal and outputs it to the vibrator 20, causing it to vibrate.

[0028] The vibrator 20 generates vibrations in response to the transmitted cancellation signal, vibrating the glass diaphragm 10 to which the vibrator 20 is attached. In this way, the vibrations generated in the glass diaphragm 10 by outside noise are canceled out by the vibrations generated by the vibrator 20, thereby suppressing the transmission of noise from outside to inside the room.

[0029] <Glass diaphragm configuration> Next, the configuration of the glass vibration plate 10 used in the vibration device 100 will be described. FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the glass diaphragm 10. As shown in FIG.

[0030] The glass diaphragm 10 has a first glass plate 41A and a second glass plate 41B arranged opposite each other, with an intermediate layer 43 provided between the first glass plate 41A and the second glass plate 41B. Here, the description will be given assuming that the first glass plate 41A is arranged on the interior side of the vehicle S shown in FIG. 1 and the second glass plate 41B is arranged on the exterior side.

[0031] The first glass plate 41A and the second glass plate 41B are preferably made of a material with a high longitudinal wave acoustic velocity, such as glass, translucent ceramics, or a single crystal such as sapphire. Hereinafter, the first glass plate 41A and the second glass plate 41B will also be referred to as a pair of glass plates 41 or simply as glass plates 41.

[0032] When the glass plate 41 resonates due to the driving of the vibrator 20, the intermediate layer 43 of the glass diaphragm 10 prevents the glass plate 41 from resonating or attenuates the vibration of the resonant vibration of the glass plate 41. Due to the presence of the intermediate layer 43, the glass diaphragm 10 has a higher loss factor than when it is composed of only the glass plate 41.

[0033] The glass plate 41 used in the glass diaphragm 10 is preferable because the larger the loss factor, the greater the vibration attenuation. The loss factor of the glass plate 41 at 25° C. is preferably 1×10 -3 More preferably, 2×10 -3 or more, and even more preferably 5×10 -3Furthermore, the longitudinal wave acoustic velocity value in the thickness direction of the glass plate 41 is preferably 4.0×10 because the faster the acoustic velocity, the more the reproducibility of high frequency sounds improves when the glass plate is used as a diaphragm. 3 m / s or more, and more preferably 4.5×10 3 m / s or more, and even more preferably 5.0 × 10 3 The upper limit is not particularly limited, but is 7.0 × 10 3 m / s or less is preferred.

[0034] The presence of the intermediate layer 43 gives the glass diaphragm 10 a high loss factor and a high longitudinal wave acoustic velocity. A high loss factor means a high vibration damping capacity.

[0035] The loss factor is calculated using the half-width method. When the frequency width at the point -3 dB below the peak value, which is the material's resonance frequency f and amplitude h, i.e., the point at maximum amplitude -3 dB, is defined as W, the loss factor is defined as the value expressed as {W / f}. To suppress resonance, the loss factor can be increased. Here, suppressing resonance means increasing the frequency width W relative to the amplitude h, broadening the peak.

[0036] The loss factor is a value specific to the material, and in the case of a single glass plate, for example, it varies depending on its composition, relative density, etc. The loss factor can be measured by a dynamic elastic modulus test method such as the resonance method.

[0037] The longitudinal wave velocity is the speed at which longitudinal waves propagate through the diaphragm. The longitudinal wave velocity and Young's modulus can be measured by the ultrasonic pulse method described in the Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS-R1602-1995).

[0038] FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a glass diaphragm showing another example of the arrangement of the temperature adjusting section shown in FIG. The temperature adjustment unit 30 may be provided between the first glass plate 41A and the intermediate layer 43 as shown in Fig. 5, or may be provided on the outside of the first glass plate 41A as shown in Fig. 6, or may be provided on the outside of each of the first glass plate 41A and the second glass plate 41B. The temperature adjustment unit 30 may be provided in the vibration region A1, or may be provided in both the vibration region A1 and the vibration region A2, or only in the vibration region A2.

[0039] 7 is a graph showing the temperature dependence of the frequency response characteristics of the glass diaphragm 10. The intermediate layer 43 of the glass diaphragm 10 used for the evaluation was polyvinyl butyral (PVB).

[0040] The glass diaphragm 10 shown in Fig. 6 loses damping when the temperature drops below 10°C, making it more susceptible to resonance. Furthermore, when the temperature rises above room temperature (40°C or higher), the damping of the intermediate layer 43 increases, making it impossible to efficiently vibrate the glass diaphragm 10. In this way, if the frequency response characteristics have a high temperature dependency, this leads to disturbances in the sound pressure and phase of the generated sound, and significantly reduces the active control performance required for the sound insulation device 200 described above.

[0041] Therefore, in this configuration, a temperature control unit 30 is provided so that the intermediate layer 43 is kept within a predetermined temperature range when vibrating the glass diaphragm 10. For example, when the outside air temperature of the vehicle S is low, the temperature of the intermediate layer 43 is increased, and when the outside air temperature is high, the increase in temperature of the intermediate layer 43 is suppressed (or cooled). By controlling the temperature of the intermediate layer 43, the attenuation and frequency characteristics of the glass diaphragm 10 are stabilized, resulting in good sound insulation characteristics.

[0042] 8A to 8D are explanatory diagrams showing the temperature control region F by the temperature control unit 30 arranged on the glass diaphragm 10 shown in Fig. 2. In Fig. 8A to 8D, the region where the temperature control unit 30 is arranged (temperature control region F) is shown by a shaded area, and the position where the shielding member 21 is arranged in the opening 19 of the enclosing member 40 shown in Fig. 2 is shown as a belt line BL.

[0043] In FIG. 8A, the temperature control area F is located below the belt line BL, i.e., in the internal space 23 (see FIG. 3) of the enclosing member 40. In other words, the temperature control area F is located only in the unexposed portion of the glass diaphragm 10. In this case, the temperature control unit 30 is located in the vibration area A1, which reliably improves the vibration characteristics of the glass diaphragm 10. Also, because the temperature control unit 30 is housed in a portion that is not exposed to the outside, it is not visible to the user, which is good from a design perspective. Furthermore, the temperature control unit 30 is protected from exposure to environmental factors such as ultraviolet rays and heat rays from sunlight, wind and rain, etc. This prevents the temperature control unit 30 from deteriorating over time.

[0044] 8B, the temperature control area F is provided only around the vibrator 20 below the belt line BL. In this case, the temperature control area F can be kept to a necessary minimum, and the installation cost of the temperature control unit 30 can be reduced.

[0045] 8C, the temperature control area F is provided in both the vibration area A1 and the vibration area A2 of the glass diaphragm 10. In this case, the entire glass diaphragm 10 is maintained at an appropriate temperature, and good vibration characteristics can be maintained.

[0046] 8D, the temperature control area F is provided only in the exposed portion above the belt line BL of the glass diaphragm 10. In this case, the vibration characteristics of the vibration area A2 are improved.

[0047] As described above, the temperature control area F can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose of use, performance, sound insulation, and the like.

[0048] 9A to 9C are cross-sectional schematic diagrams of a vibration device 100 including an enclosing member 40 fixed to at least a portion of the glass diaphragm 10. The vibrator 20 and the enclosing member 40 are fixed to the first glass plate 41A side (the vehicle interior side) of the glass diaphragm 10 by an adhesive or the like (not shown). In FIGS. 9A and 9B, which will be described later, the entire enclosing member 40 is fixed to the glass diaphragm 10, while in FIG. 9C, only a portion of the enclosing member 40 is fixed to the glass diaphragm 10.

[0049] 9A shows an example of a vibration device 100 in which a temperature adjustment unit 30 is disposed on the main surface of the first glass plate 41A on the vehicle interior side, and a vibrator 20 and an enclosing member 40 are attached on top of the temperature adjustment unit 30. The glass vibration plate 10 may be a side window that can be raised and lowered, or a fixed window glass such as a rear window, among window glass attached to a vehicle.

[0050] 9B shows an example of a vibration device 100 in which, in contrast to FIG. 9A , a shielding layer 50 is provided that is arranged so as to overlap with the vibrator 20 and the enclosing member 40 in a plan view of the glass plate 41. In FIG. 9B , the shielding layer 50 is provided on the interior surface of the temperature adjustment unit 30, but is not limited thereto, and the shielding layer 50 may be arranged on the interior main surface of the first glass plate 41A, that is, between the first glass plate 41A and the temperature adjustment unit 30, between the first glass plate 41 and the intermediate layer 43, or between the intermediate layer 43 and the second glass plate 41B.

[0051] The shielding layer 50 is an opaque layer, and is provided, for example, in a strip shape along the periphery of the glass plate 41 in a plan view. However, it may also be provided on a portion of the periphery, i.e., the portion where the vibrator 20 and the enclosing member 40 are disposed. The shielding layer 50 may be, for example, a layer made of opaque colored ceramics, and black ceramics may be used. The shielding layer 50 may be formed, for example, by applying a ceramic color paste containing a fusible glass frit containing a black pigment to the glass plate 41 by screen printing or the like and firing the paste. However, this is not limiting. The shielding layer 50 may also be formed by applying an organic ink containing a black or dark color pigment to the glass plate 41 by screen printing or the like and drying the ink. The vibrating device 100 shown in FIG. 9B has the shielding layer 50, which makes the vibrator 20 and the enclosing member 40 less visible, improving its appearance.

[0052] FIG. 9C illustrates an example of a vibration device 100 in which a portion of the enclosing member 40 is fixed to a vehicle body 60, in contrast to FIG. 9B. In FIG. 9C, the glass plate 41 is a fixed window for a vehicle. The vehicle body 60 may be a metal flange or an interior component fixed to the metal flange. The glass vibration plate 10 and the vehicle body 60 are fixed with an adhesive 61 disposed on their peripheries. Examples of the adhesive 61 include, but are not limited to, urethane resin (urethane adhesive). In the vibration device 100 shown in FIG. 9C, a portion of the enclosing member 40 is fixed to the vehicle body 60, so that the vibrator 20 and the enclosing member 40 can be disposed on the periphery of the glass plate 41, thereby increasing the area of ​​the opening (transmission region) of the window glass.

[0053] 10A to 10F are schematic plan views of a vibration device 100 including an enclosing member 40 fixed to a glass vibration plate 10. The glass vibration plate 10 shown in FIGS. 10A to 10F is a fixed window glass, such as a rear window, in which the edge (periphery) of the glass vibration plate 10 is fixed to a vehicle body 60. Note that although the shielding layer 50 is omitted in FIGS. 10A to 10F, if a shielding layer 50 is provided, it is preferable to arrange the shielding layer 50 so that it overlaps with the vibrators 20 and the enclosing member 40 in a plan view of the glass vibration plate 10 (glass plate 41). Also, in each example shown in FIGS. 10A to 10F, four or two vibrators 20 are arranged, but the number of vibrators 20 to be arranged is not limited to these and can be determined.

[0054] 10A shows an example of a vibration device 100 having a glass vibration plate 10 (glass plate 41) with vibrators 20 (four in total) arranged at each of the four corners of a substantially rectangular shape in a plan view of the glass vibration plate 10, and an enclosing member 40 that covers these vibrators 20 attached to the periphery of the glass vibration plate 10. In the vibration device 100 shown in FIG. 10A, the temperature adjustment unit 30 has a ring shape and has an area surrounded by an outer edge 30A and an inner edge 30B of the temperature adjustment unit 30, and the vibrators 20 are arranged within this area. Furthermore, the area of ​​the temperature adjustment unit 30 shown in FIG. 10A may be wider, narrower, or the same width as the enclosing member 40, and may have a portion that does not overlap with the enclosing member 40.

[0055] Fig. 10B is an example of a vibration device 100 in which the regions of the temperature adjustment units 30 are different from those in Fig. 10A. Fig. 10B has a plurality of temperature adjustment units 30 corresponding to each vibrator 20, and in this case, has four spaced temperature adjustment units 30. In Fig. 10B, the temperature adjustment units 30 are arranged so as to overlap all of the vibrators 20, but they may also be arranged so as to overlap part of each vibrator 20.

[0056] FIG. 10C shows an example of a vibration device 100 in which the area of ​​the temperature adjustment unit 30 is different from that shown in FIG. 10A. In FIG. 10C, the area of ​​the temperature adjustment unit 30 is a substantially rectangular shape that follows the outer edge of the glass diaphragm 10. In FIG. 10C, the temperature adjustment unit 30 is arranged so as to overlap all of the vibrators 20 at the four corners, but it may also be arranged so as to overlap part of each vibrator 20. Furthermore, the temperature adjustment unit 30 is preferably made of a material with high visible light transmittance so as not to reduce the visible light transmittance of the opening of the glass diaphragm 10.

[0057] 10D is an example of a vibration device 100 in which the region of the temperature adjustment unit 30 is different from that of FIG. 10C. In FIG. 10D, the region of the temperature adjustment unit 30 in a plan view of the glass vibration plate 10 (glass plate 41) is a substantially rectangular shape that follows the outer edge of the glass vibration plate 10, but does not overlap with the vibrators 20 at the four corners. Also, in FIG. 10D, the temperature adjustment unit 30 is arranged so as not to overlap with the enclosing member 40, but it may be arranged so as to overlap with part of the enclosing member 40.

[0058] 10A , FIG. 10E illustrates an example of a vibration device 100 in which the vibrators 20 are arranged at adjacent corners of the substantially rectangular glass diaphragm 10 (glass plate 41) in a plan view of the glass diaphragm 10, i.e., at both ends of any one side (two in total). In FIG. 10E, the enclosure member 40 is attached to the glass plate 41 along the side along which the two vibrators 20 are arranged. Also, in FIG. 10E, the temperature adjustment unit 30 is arranged along the side along which the two vibrators 20 are arranged so as to completely overlap with the vibrators 20, but it may also be arranged so as to overlap with part of each vibrator 20. Note that the any one side referred to here may be, for example, a side (in the horizontal direction of the vehicle) along the roof of the vehicle when the glass diaphragm 10 is attached as the rear window of a vehicle.

[0059] 10F is an example of the vibration device 100 in which the enclosing members 40 are arranged on both the glass vibration plate 10 and the vehicle body 60, as opposed to FIG. 10E. The example of FIG. 10F can refer to the vibration device 100 in FIG. 9C described above for its cross-sectional structure, for example, and the enclosing members 40 are fixed to both the glass vibration plate 10 and the vehicle body 60.

[0060] The temperature adjustment unit 30 may be configured with a heating element, a material or structure having a heat retention function, or the like. When heating, the intermediate layer 43 is heated using a heating element such as a hot wire, a conductive film, or an electronic device, and when retaining heat, the intermediate layer 43 is made to follow the temperature inside the vehicle cabin. When cooling, an electronic cooling element such as a Peltier element can be used. When a Peltier element is used, heating and cooling can be selectively performed, expanding the temperature adjustment range.

[0061] Specific examples of heating elements include conductive wire, transparent conductive film (ITO), and film heaters. Conductive wire is a hot wire heater and can be installed in various areas, such as the entire surface of the glass plate or only in the vibration area below the belt line BL. Transparent conductive film and film heaters are both surface heaters with a heating surface and can be installed in various areas in the same way as conductive wire, allowing for efficient heating of a wide area. Furthermore, Peltier elements can be placed only in the vibration area A1 below the belt line BL. By providing heating elements on both sides of the glass diaphragm, the responsiveness of temperature adjustment can be improved.

[0062] In the case of heat retention, examples include a configuration in which a heat insulating layer is provided on the glass plate, and a configuration in which the thickness of the glass plate is reduced to increase the heat transfer coefficient to the intermediate layer 43. FIG. 11 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a configuration in which a heat ray reflecting layer is provided on a glass diaphragm. The glass diaphragm 10 shown in FIG. 11 has a heat ray reflective layer 45 between the intermediate layer 43 and the second glass plate 41B. The heat ray reflective layer 45 serves to prevent the heat input Q1 from escaping from the indoor side through the first glass plate 41A and the intermediate layer 43, and to return it to the indoor side as reflected heat Q2. This allows the intermediate layer 43 to be efficiently kept warm by the heat from the indoor side. The heat ray reflective layer 45 can be formed by coating it with a reflective film material such as an ITO film or an FTO film.

[0063] The heat ray reflecting layer 45 also functions as a heat insulating layer that prevents the heat input Q1 introduced into the intermediate layer 43 from escaping to the outside of the room. Another example of such a heat insulating layer is an air layer. In this way, a heat insulating layer such as the heat ray reflecting layer 45 serves as a temperature adjusting unit 30 that adjusts the temperature of the intermediate layer 43 by utilizing the ambient temperature inside the room.

[0064] FIG. 12 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a configuration in which the thickness of one glass plate of the glass diaphragm is thinner than the thickness of the other glass plate. The glass diaphragm 10 shown in FIG. 12 has a thickness t in The thickness t of the second glass plate 41B on the outside of the room out It is thinner than (t in <tout ).

[0065] According to this configuration, when the heat quantity Q from the indoor side is introduced into the intermediate layer 43 through the first glass plate 41A, the heat absorption by the first glass plate 41A is suppressed because the first glass plate 41A is thin, and the amount of heat input to the intermediate layer 43 increases. in =αt out Then, the coefficient α can be set in the range of 0<α<1, preferably 0.2≦α≦0.8, and more preferably 0.5≦α≦0.7.

[0066] In other words, with this configuration, the temperature of the intermediate layer 43 can quickly follow the temperature inside the vehicle S. When the outside temperature is low, the heat quantity Q of the indoor temperature, which is higher than the outside temperature, is used to warm the intermediate layer 43, and when the outside temperature is high, the intermediate layer 43 can be brought closer to an indoor temperature, which is lower than the outside temperature. In other words, the intermediate layer 43 is more susceptible to the influence of the indoor temperature. In this way, the combination of the first glass plate 41A and the second glass plate 41B, which have an optimized plate thickness configuration, functions as the temperature adjustment unit 30.

[0067] FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the configuration of the glass diaphragm. 13, the glass diaphragm 10 has a layer of the temperature control section 30 described above provided on the inner surface of the first glass plate 41A, a resin layer 47 provided between each of the layers of the temperature control section 30 and the second glass plate 41B, and a fluid layer 44 of a gel, liquid phase (e.g., liquid crystal), or the like provided between the resin layers 47. The pair of resin layers 47 can be formed of a resin film that seals the fluid layer 44. The fluid layer 44 and the pair of resin layers 47 form an intermediate layer 49.

[0068] However, like the solid intermediate layer 43 described above, the resin film's vibration damping ability decreases at low temperatures, making it more susceptible to resonance. Furthermore, the damping characteristics improve when the temperature rises above room temperature (e.g., above 40°C). Therefore, by providing the temperature control unit 30, the glass diaphragm 10 also increases the damping ability of the resin layer 47, enabling efficient vibration of the glass diaphragm 10.

[0069] The glass vibration plate 10 described above is not limited to application to the side windows of the vehicle S shown in FIG. FIG. 14 is a plan view of a vehicle showing the application locations of the glass vibration plate 10 in the vehicle. As shown in FIG. 14, the glass vibration plate 10 may be provided not only on the front side window FSW but also on the rear side window RSW, the front window FW, the rear window RW, the roof glazing RG, and the like.

[0070] The sound insulation device 200 is configured by the glass diaphragm 10, the outdoor sound detection unit 11, the indoor sound detection unit 13, and the control unit 15 shown in FIG.

[0071] Furthermore, the application of the glass diaphragm 10 to the vehicle S is not limited to sound insulation, and it may also be used as a vehicle window, structural member, or decorative panel that uses acoustic vibration to improve water repellency, snow resistance, ice resistance, and stain resistance. Specifically, it can be used as automobile window glass, mirrors, flat or curved plate-like members installed inside the vehicle, as well as lenses, sensors, and their cover glass. It can also be used as an exterior speaker that radiates sound outside the vehicle.

[0072] In addition, the sound insulation device 200 can be applied to railway vehicles in addition to the above-mentioned automobiles, and can also be applied to windows of aircraft, ships, etc., and buildings such as houses in addition to vehicles S.

[0073] FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram showing an example in which the glass diaphragm 10 is applied to a window of a house. As shown in FIG. 15, a glass diaphragm 10 and a window frame WF that supports the glass diaphragm 10 are provided in a window WD of a house. A vibrator 20 is attached to a portion of the surface of this glass diaphragm 10 that is located in the internal space of the window frame WF. There may be one or more vibrators 20. In addition, a temperature adjustment unit 30 is attached to at least a part of the glass diaphragm 10. It is preferable that the temperature adjustment unit 30 is provided in the internal space of the window frame WF as in the case shown in FIG. 8A, but the temperature adjustment region F may be changed as appropriate as in the cases shown in FIGS. 8B to 8D.

[0074] In this way, by applying the sound insulation device 200 equipped with the glass diaphragm 10 to a residential window WD, the glass diaphragm 10, whose temperature is controlled by the temperature control unit 30, can be vibrated by the vibrator 20, and the transmission of sound from outside to inside the room can be stably suppressed regardless of the outside temperature.

[0075] Furthermore, the glass diaphragm 10 can be provided with functions such as IR cut, UV cut, coloring, etc. This allows for a configuration with enhanced functionality depending on the application.

[0076] Examples of applications of the vibration device 100 to buildings include window glass, door glass, roof glass, interior and exterior materials, decorative materials, structural materials, exterior walls, and solar cell cover glass. It can also be used as partitions and dressing tables in banks, hospitals, hotels, restaurants, offices, etc. They may also function as acoustic reflection (reverberation) panels or sound-absorbing panels. Furthermore, the water repellency, snow resistance, and stain resistance of the glass diaphragm 10 can be improved by acoustic vibration.

[0077] Furthermore, the internal space 23 provided in the enclosing member 40 may be provided in other parts of the vehicle, such as the vehicle body, in addition to the vehicle door panel, and in the case of building components, it may be provided in a sash member, wall, etc.

[0078] The vibration device 100 described above can be used not only in moving bodies such as vehicles and windows of buildings, but also as components for electronic devices, such as full-range speakers, speakers for reproducing low frequencies in the 15 Hz to 200 Hz band, speakers for reproducing high frequencies in the 10 kHz to 100 kHz band, and speakers with a diaphragm area of ​​0.2 m 2 It can be used in the above-mentioned large speakers, flat speakers, cylindrical speakers, transparent speakers, cover glass for mobile devices that function as speakers, cover glass for TV displays, screen films, displays in which video signals and audio signals are generated from the same surface, speakers for wearable displays, electronic indicators, lighting equipment, etc. The speakers may be for music, alarms, etc. Furthermore, by adding a vibration detection element such as an acceleration sensor, it can also be used as a diaphragm for a microphone or a vibration sensor.

[0079] <Glass plate> The glass plate 41 used in the glass diaphragm 10 refers to inorganic glass and organic glass. Organic glass includes PMMA-based resin, PC-based resin, PS-based resin, PET-based resin, cellulose-based resin, and the like, which are generally well known as transparent resins.

[0080] In addition to the pair of glass plates 41 sandwiching the intermediate layer 43, other glass plates may be laminated. The other glass plates may be the inorganic glass or organic glass described above, and various materials may be used instead of the glass plates, such as a resin plate made of a resin other than organic glass, a metal plate such as aluminum, or a ceramic plate made of ceramic. Specific examples of materials for the metal plates that can be used instead of the other glass plates include aluminum, magnesium, copper, silver, gold, iron, titanium, and SUS, and other alloy materials may also be used as needed.

[0081] As the ceramic material, for example, ceramics and single crystal materials such as Al2O3, SiC, Si3N4, AlN, mullite, zirconia, yttria, YAG, etc. As for the ceramic material, a material having translucency is preferable.

[0082] At least one of the glass plates constituting the glass vibrating plate 10 can be a physically strengthened glass plate or a chemically strengthened glass plate. This is useful for preventing breakage of the glass plate. When it is desired to increase the strength of the glass plate, it is preferable that the glass plate located at the outermost surface of the multiple glass plates is a physically strengthened glass plate or a chemically strengthened glass plate, and it is more preferable that all of the glass plates constituting the vibration device 100 are physically strengthened glass plates or chemically strengthened glass plates.

[0083] In addition, using crystallized glass or phase-separated glass as the glass plate is also useful from the viewpoint of increasing the longitudinal wave sound velocity value and strength. In particular, when it is desired to increase the strength of the glass plate, it is preferable that the glass plate located at the outermost surface of the plurality of glass plates is crystallized glass or phase-separated glass.

[0084] The resin material constituting the glass plate is preferably a resin material that can be molded into a flat or curved plate shape, and the composite material or fiber material is preferably a resin material compounded with a high-hardness filler, carbon fiber, Kevlar fiber, or the like.

[0085] The composition of the glass plate is not particularly limited, but is preferably, for example, in the following range: SiO2: 40 to 80 mass%, Al2O3: 0 to 35 mass%, B2O3: 0 to 15 mass%, MgO: 0 to 20 mass%, CaO: 0 to 20 mass%, SrO: 0 to 20 mass%, BaO: 0 to 20 mass%, Li2O: 0 to 20 mass%, Na2O: 0 to 25 mass%, K2O: 0 to 20 mass%, TiO2: 0 to 10 mass%, and ZrO2: 0 to 10 mass%, with the above composition accounting for 95 mass% or more of the entire glass.

[0086] The composition of the glass plate, expressed in mole percent on an oxide basis, is more preferably in the following range. SiO2: 55 to 75 mass%, Al2O3: 0 to 25 mass%, B2O3: 0 to 12 mass%, MgO: 0 to 20 mass%, CaO: 0 to 20 mass%, SrO: 0 to 20 mass%, BaO: 0 to 20 mass%, Li2O: 0 to 20 mass%, Na2O: 0 to 25 mass%, K2O: 0 to 15 mass%, TiO2: 0 to 5 mass%, and ZrO2: 0 to 5 mass%, with the above composition accounting for 95 mass% or more of the entire glass.

[0087] <Specific example of intermediate layer configuration> The intermediate layer 43 between the multiple glass plates 41 to be laminated together is preferably a solid phase, but as mentioned above, it may also be a fluid layer made of a fluid such as a gel, liquid crystal, or the like, between a pair of resin layers.

[0088] (Solid phase intermediate layer) Examples of the solid intermediate layer 43 include polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polyurethane, polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, and the like, which are preferably used as intermediate films for laminated glass.

[0089] As explained in Figure 11, if the intermediate layer 49 contains resin, if the frequency characteristics change depending on the temperature, this will lead to disturbances in sound pressure and phase, significantly reducing active control performance. Resins have a glass transition temperature, and the glass transition temperature of the resin material used is substantially low. In other words, above the glass transition temperature, the frequency characteristics are good. However, if the temperature rises too much, the rigidity of the plate decreases, making it impossible to generate vibration efficiently. Therefore, the temperature control unit 30 can realize a glass diaphragm 10 with good frequency characteristics by controlling the temperature of the intermediate layers 43, 49 to be above the glass transition temperature of the resin material and below 50°C, preferably below 45°C, and more preferably below 40°C.

[0090] (fluid layer) The glass diaphragm 10 can achieve a high loss factor by providing a fluid layer containing a liquid as an intermediate layer between at least a pair of glass plates 41. In particular, the loss factor can be further increased by setting the viscosity and surface tension of the fluid layer within appropriate ranges. This is thought to be because, unlike when the pair of glass plates 41 are provided via an adhesive layer, the pair of glass plates 41 are not adhered to each other and each glass plate 41 maintains its own vibration characteristics. Note that, in this specification, the term "fluid" encompasses all fluid materials, including liquids, such as liquids, semi-solids, liquid crystals, mixtures of solid powders and liquids, and solid gels (jelly-like substances) impregnated with liquids.

[0091] The fluid layer has a viscosity coefficient of 1×10 at 25°C. -4 ~1×10 3 The surface tension at 25°C is 15 Pa·s. m A viscosity of N / m to 80 mN / m is preferable. If the viscosity is too low, it becomes difficult to transmit vibrations, and if it is too high, the pair of glass plates 41 located on both sides of the fluid layer will adhere to each other and exhibit vibration behavior as a single glass plate 41, making it difficult to attenuate resonant vibrations. Furthermore, if the surface tension is too low, the adhesion force between the glass plates 41 will decrease, making it difficult to transmit vibrations. If the surface tension is too high, the pair of glass plates 41 located on both sides of the fluid layer will easily adhere to each other and exhibit vibration behavior as a single glass plate 41, making it difficult to attenuate resonant vibrations.

[0092] The viscosity coefficient of the fluid layer at 25°C is 1×10 -3 Pa·s or more is preferable, 1×10 -2 Pa·s or more is more preferable. 2 The surface tension of the fluid layer at 25°C is more preferably 20 mN / m or more, and even more preferably 30 mN / m or more.

[0093] The viscosity coefficient of the fluid layer can be measured using a rotational viscometer, etc. The surface tension of the fluid layer can be measured using the ring method, etc.

[0094] If the vapor pressure of the fluid layer is too high, the fluid layer may evaporate and fail to function as the glass diaphragm 10. Therefore, the fluid layer should have a vapor pressure of 1×10 at 25° C. and 1 atm. 4 Pa or less is preferable, and 5×10 3 Pa or less is more preferable, and 1×10 3 It is more preferable that the vapor pressure is equal to or less than Pa. Furthermore, if the vapor pressure is high, a seal or the like may be applied to prevent the fluid layer from evaporating, but in this case, it is necessary to ensure that the seal material does not interfere with the vibration of the glass diaphragm 10.

[0095] The thinner the thickness of the fluid layer, the better in terms of maintaining high rigidity and vibration transmission. Specifically, when the total thickness of the pair of glass plates 41 is 1 mm or less, the thickness of the fluid layer is preferably 1 / 10 or less of the total thickness of the pair of glass plates 41, more preferably 1 / 20 or less, even more preferably 1 / 30 or less, even more preferably 1 / 50 or less, particularly preferably 1 / 70 or less, and particularly preferably 1 / 100 or less. Furthermore, when the total thickness of the pair of glass plates 41 exceeds 1 mm, the thickness of the fluid layer is preferably 100 μm or less, more preferably 50 μm or less, even more preferably 30 μm or less, even more preferably 20 μm or less, particularly preferably 15 μm or less, and particularly preferably 10 μm or less. The lower limit of the thickness of the fluid layer is preferably 0.01 μm or more in terms of film formability and durability.

[0096] It is preferable that the fluid layer is chemically stable and does not react with the pair of glass plates 41 located on either side of the fluid layer. Chemically stable means, for example, that it is less susceptible to deterioration (deterioration) when exposed to light, or that it does not solidify, vaporize, decompose, discolor, or chemically react with glass at least in the temperature range of -20 to 70°C.

[0097] Specific examples of components of the fluid layer include water, oil, organic solvents, liquid polymers, ionic liquids, and mixtures thereof. More specific examples include propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, straight silicone oil (dimethyl silicone oil, methylphenyl silicone oil, methylhydrogen silicone oil), modified silicone oil, acrylic acid-based polymers, liquid polybutadiene, glycerin paste, fluorine-based solvents, fluorine-based resins, acetone, ethanol, xylene, toluene, water, mineral oil, and mixtures thereof. Among these, it is preferable to include at least one selected from the group consisting of propylene glycol, dimethyl silicone oil, methylphenyl silicone oil, methylhydrogen silicone oil, and modified silicone oil, and it is more preferable to use propylene glycol or silicone oil as the main component.

[0098] In addition to the above, a slurry in which powder is dispersed can also be used as the fluid layer. From the viewpoint of improving the loss coefficient, a uniform fluid is preferable for the fluid layer, but such a slurry is effective when imparting design or functionality such as coloring or fluorescence to the glass diaphragm 10. The powder content in the fluid layer is preferably 0 to 10% by volume, more preferably 0 to 5% by volume. From the viewpoint of preventing sedimentation, the particle size of the powder is preferably 10 nm to 1 μm, more preferably 0.5 μm or less.

[0099] Furthermore, from the viewpoint of design and functionality, the fluid layer may contain a fluorescent material. In this case, the fluid layer may be a slurry in which the fluorescent material is dispersed as a powder, or a uniform fluid layer in which the fluorescent material is mixed as a liquid. This allows the glass diaphragm 10 to be endowed with optical functions such as light absorption and light emission.

[0100] As such, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and the present invention also contemplates the mutual combination of the various components of the embodiments, as well as modifications and applications by those skilled in the art based on the description in the specification and well-known techniques, and these modifications and applications are included in the scope of protection sought.

[0101] As described above, the present specification discloses the following: (1) A glass vibration plate formed by stacking a plurality of glass plates and having a solid intermediate layer between at least one pair of the glass plates; a vibrator fixed to the glass diaphragm and vibrating the glass diaphragm; an enclosure member that defines an internal space surrounding the vibrator fixed to the glass diaphragm, and exposes one end of the glass diaphragm to the outside of the internal space through an opening of the internal space; The glass diaphragm includes a temperature control unit that adjusts the temperature of the intermediate layer. Vibration device. this vibration According to the device, by adjusting the temperature of the intermediate layer using a temperature control unit, the influence of temperature on the damping and frequency characteristics of the glass diaphragm can be reduced, and the glass diaphragm can be vibrated stably with the required vibration characteristics.

[0102] (2) The vibration device according to (1), wherein the temperature control unit is provided on a region of the plate surface of the glass vibration plate excluding a portion exposed to the outside from the internal space of the enclosing member. This vibration device makes the temperature control unit invisible to the user, which is good for the design. Furthermore, the temperature control unit is prevented from being exposed to the ambient atmosphere.

[0103] (3) The vibration device according to (1) or (2), wherein the temperature control unit is provided in an area including at least a fixing position of the vibrator on the plate surface of the glass vibration plate. According to this vibrating device, the vibrator and the temperature adjusting section are disposed close to each other, so that the vibration characteristics of the glass diaphragm caused by the vibrator can be reliably improved.

[0104] (4) The vibration device according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the temperature control unit has a heating element that heats the intermediate layer. According to this vibration device, the temperature of the intermediate layer can be adjusted by heating with the temperature adjustment unit.

[0105] (5) The vibration device according to (4), wherein the heating element is a hot wire heater or a planar heater having a planar heating surface. This vibrating device can efficiently heat even a large area using a surface heater.

[0106] (6) The vibration device according to (4) or (5), wherein the temperature control units are arranged on both sides of the glass vibration plate. This vibration device allows the temperature of the intermediate layer to be adjusted from both sides, improving the responsiveness of the temperature adjustment.

[0107] (7) The vibration device according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the temperature control section has a function of retaining the temperature of the intermediate layer. According to this vibration device, the temperature of the intermediate layer can be adjusted by the temperature control unit, and the temperature can also be adjusted by utilizing the room temperature.

[0108] (8) The vibration device according to (7), wherein the temperature control unit includes a heat insulating layer that covers at least a portion of the intermediate layer. According to this vibration device, the heat insulating layer suppresses heat emission, and temperature drops can be suppressed.

[0109] (9) The vibration device according to (8), wherein the heat insulating layer is a heat ray reflecting layer. According to this vibration device, the heat-reflecting layer improves the heat-retaining efficiency of the intermediate layer.

[0110] (10) The vibration device according to (9), wherein the heat ray reflective layer is provided on a surface of one of the pair of glass plates facing the intermediate layer. According to this vibrating device, heat is input to the intermediate layer from one of the glass plates, and also from the heat ray reflecting layer arranged on the other glass plate.

[0111] (11) The vibrating device according to (8), wherein the temperature adjusting unit makes one of the pair of glass plates thinner than the other to increase heat input to the intermediate layer. This vibration device reduces heat absorption by the thin glass sheets and increases the heat input to the interlayer through the thin glass sheets, allowing heat to be absorbed into the interlayer without waste.

[0112] (12) The vibration device according to any one of (1) to (11), wherein the intermediate layer is made of a resin material containing any one of polyvinyl butyral, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer resin, polyurethane, polyethylene terephthalate, and polycarbonate. According to this vibration device, the temperature of the intermediate layer made of a resin material whose frequency characteristics are highly temperature dependent can be accurately adjusted by the temperature adjusting section.

[0113] (13) The vibration device according to (12), wherein the temperature control unit sets the temperature of the intermediate layer to a temperature equal to or higher than the glass transition temperature of the resin material and equal to or lower than 50°C. This vibration device can suppress resonance caused by the temperature of the glass diaphragm, thereby enabling efficient vibration.

[0114] (14) The vibration device according to any one of (1) to (10), wherein the intermediate layer includes a pair of resin films and a liquid layer or a gel layer sandwiched between the pair of resin films. According to this vibration device, when one glass plate resonates, the liquid layer or gel layer can prevent the other glass plate from resonating, and the vibration of the resonant glass plate can be damped.

[0115] (15) The loss coefficient of the glass diaphragm at 25°C is 1 × 10 -3 or more, and the longitudinal wave velocity in the thickness direction at 25°C is 4.0 × 10 3 The vibration device according to any one of (1) to (14), having a speed of at least m / s. According to this vibration device, vibration damping can be increased by increasing the loss factor, and the reproducibility of sounds in the high frequency range can be improved by increasing the longitudinal wave sound velocity.

[0116] (16) The vibration device according to any one of (1) to (15), wherein at least a portion of the enclosing member is fixed to the glass vibration plate. According to this vibration device, the enclosure Material can be stably fixed to the glass diaphragm, and the glass diaphragm can be stably vibrated with the required vibration characteristics.

[0117] (17) The vibration device according to (16), wherein the glass vibration plate has a shielding layer that blocks visible light, and the shielding layer overlaps with the vibrator and the enclosing member in a planar view of the glass vibration plate. This vibrating device can improve the appearance of the glass vibrating plate.

[0118] (18) A vibration device according to any one of (1) to (17) that is disposed at a boundary between an indoor space and the outdoors; an outdoor sound detection unit that detects sounds from noise sources or vibration sources that are correlated with the sound wave vibrations induced in the glass diaphragm and outputs a reference signal according to the detection results; an indoor sound detection unit that detects sounds in the indoor space and outputs an error signal according to the detection result; a control unit that outputs a cancellation signal having an opposite phase to the reference signal to the transducer; A sound-proofing device comprising: This soundproofing device stabilizes the attenuation and frequency characteristics of the glass diaphragm by adjusting the temperature of the intermediate layer with the temperature control unit, improving soundproofing characteristics. Furthermore, it reduces the effects of temperature changes, stably suppressing the transmission of noise from the outside to the inside of the room, creating a quiet and comfortable indoor environment.

[0119] (19) The sound-proofing device according to (18), wherein the enclosing member is a window frame member that supports the glass diaphragm so that it can freely protrude and retract. According to this soundproofing device, when the glass diaphragm serving as the window glass is closed, the transmission of noise from the outside to the inside of the room through the window can be stably suppressed regardless of the environmental temperature.

[0120] (20) The sound insulation device according to (18) or (19), wherein the glass diaphragm is at least one of a side window, a rear window, a front window, and a roof glazing of an automobile. According to this sound-proofing device, glass vibrations provided on the side windows, rear windows, front windows, roof glazing, etc. of a vehicle are prevented from being generated. Board? The inflow of noise from these elements is less affected by temperature, making the interior of the vehicle quieter.

[0121] (21) The sound-proofing device according to (18) or (19), wherein the glass diaphragm is a window of a railway vehicle, an aircraft, a ship, or a building. This soundproofing device makes it difficult for temperature to affect the noise that enters through a glass diaphragm installed in a window of a railway vehicle, aircraft, ship, or building, thereby making the interior quieter.

[0122] This application is based on a Japanese patent application (Patent Application No. 2021-084927) filed on May 19, 2021, the contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. [Explanation of symbols]

[0123] 10 Glass diaphragm 11, 11A, 11B, 11C Outdoor sound detection unit 13 Indoor sound detection unit 15 Control Unit 17 Door Panel 19 Opening 20 oscillators 21 Shielding member 23 Interior Space 25 Support member 30 Temperature control section 40 Enclosure material 41 Glass Plate 41A First Glass Plate 41B Second glass plate 43,49 Middle class 44 Fluid layer 45 Heat ray reflective layer 47 Resin layer 50 shielding layer 60 Vehicle body 61 Adhesive 100 Vibration device 200 Soundproofing device A1 Excitation area A2 Vibration area

Claims

1. A glass vibration plate formed by stacking a plurality of glass plates and having a solid intermediate layer between at least one pair of the glass plates; a vibrator fixed to the glass diaphragm and vibrating the glass diaphragm; Equipped with the glass diaphragm includes a temperature control unit that adjusts the temperature of the intermediate layer; A vibration device in which a plurality of the vibrators are arranged, and a plurality of the temperature adjustment units are arranged corresponding to the respective vibrators.

2. The vibration device according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature control unit heats, cools, or keeps the intermediate layer warm based on the temperature of the glass vibration plate, a surrounding member, or an ambient atmosphere.

3. The vibrating device according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature control section is provided in an area including at least a fixing position of the vibrator on the plate surface of the glass vibrating plate.

4. The vibration device according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature control unit has a heating element that heats the intermediate layer.

5. The vibration device according to claim 4 , wherein the heating element is a hot wire heater or a planar heater having a planar heating surface.

6. The vibrating device according to claim 4 , wherein the temperature control units are arranged on both sides of the glass vibrating plate.

7. The vibration device according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature control section has a heat retention function for the intermediate layer.

8. The vibration device according to claim 7 , wherein the temperature adjustment section includes a heat insulating layer that covers at least a portion of the intermediate layer.

9. The vibration device according to claim 8 , wherein the heat insulating layer is a heat ray reflective layer.

10. The vibration device according to claim 9 , wherein the heat ray reflective layer is provided on a surface of one of the pair of glass plates facing the intermediate layer.

11. The vibrating device according to claim 8 , wherein the temperature adjusting unit increases the heat input to the intermediate layer by making one of the pair of glass plates thinner than the other.

12. The vibration device according to claim 1 , wherein the intermediate layer is made of a resin material containing any one of polyvinyl butyral, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer resin, polyurethane, polyethylene terephthalate, and polycarbonate.

13. The vibration device according to claim 12 , wherein the temperature control unit sets the temperature of the intermediate layer to a temperature equal to or higher than the glass transition temperature of the resin material and equal to or lower than 50° C.

14. The vibration device according to claim 1 , wherein the glass vibration plate is at least one of a side window, a rear window, a front window, and a roof glazing of an automobile.

15. The loss coefficient of the glass diaphragm at 25°C is 1 x 10 －３ or more, and the longitudinal wave sound velocity in the plate thickness direction at 25°C is 4.0 × 10 ３ The vibration device according to claim 1 , wherein the vibration velocity is equal to or greater than m / s.

16. an enclosure member that defines an internal space surrounding the vibrator fixed to the glass diaphragm, and exposes one end of the glass diaphragm to the outside of the internal space through an opening of the internal space; The vibration device according to claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the enclosure member is fixed to the glass vibration plate.

17. The glass diaphragm has a shielding layer that blocks visible light, The vibration device according to claim 16 , wherein the shielding layer overlaps the vibrator and the enclosing member in a plan view of the glass vibration plate.

18. A vibration device as described in Claim 1, wherein the multiple temperature control units are arranged at positions spaced apart from each other.

19. The vibration device according to any one of claims 1 to 18, which is disposed at a boundary between an indoor space and the outdoors; an outdoor sound detection unit that detects sounds from noise sources or vibration sources that are correlated with the sound wave vibrations induced in the glass diaphragm and outputs a reference signal according to the detection results; an indoor sound detection unit that detects sounds in the indoor space and outputs an error signal according to the detection result; a control unit that outputs a cancellation signal having an opposite phase to the reference signal to the transducer; A sound-proofing device comprising:

20. The vibration device according to claim 16 or 17, which is disposed at a boundary between an indoor space and an outdoor space; an outdoor sound detection unit that detects sounds from noise sources or vibration sources that are correlated with the sound wave vibrations induced in the glass diaphragm and outputs a reference signal according to the detection results; an indoor sound detection unit that detects sounds in the indoor space and outputs an error signal according to the detection result; a control unit that outputs a cancellation signal having an opposite phase to the reference signal to the transducer; Equipped with The enclosing member is a window frame member that supports the glass diaphragm so that it can be freely raised and lowered. Soundproofing device.

21. 20. The sound insulation device according to claim 19, wherein the glass diaphragm is at least one of a side window, a rear window, a front window, and a roof glazing of an automobile.

22. 20. The sound insulating device according to claim 19, wherein the glass diaphragm is a window of a railway vehicle, an aircraft, a ship, or a building.

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