bee repellent

Abstract

The present invention addresses the problem of providing a honeybee repellent for preventing damage to honeybees that are not the original target of extermination in use of agricultural chemicals applied to agricultural crops and pesticides for exterminating carnivorous bees such as wasps and paper wasps. As a solution, the present invention provides a honeybee repellent which has as active components one or more components selected from tetradecane, furfuryl alcohol, cinnamyl alcohol, cinnamaldehyde, 3-methyl-2-butenal, methyl cinnamate, geranyl formate, allyl cyclohexanepropionate, isoquinoline, borneol, carvacrol, δ-dodecalactone, β-ionone, quinoline, butylamine, and citronella oil.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a honeybee repellent, and more particularly to a honeybee repellent containing a component having a specific chemical structure as an active ingredient. [Background technology]

[0002] In Japan, two species of honeybee, the Japanese honeybee and the European honeybee, are kept (beekeeping) and honey is harvested, and honeybees, including bumblebees, are widely used for pollinating agricultural crops. In this way, honeybees have the aspect of being "beneficial insects" that are useful to people in various ways. However, when pesticides are sprayed on cultivated land, many bees are killed when they come into direct or indirect contact with the pesticide. In particular, many reports of honeybee damage have been reported when pesticides are sprayed on rice paddies to control stink bugs. Furthermore, pesticides such as traps and baits used to exterminate carnivorous bees, such as hornets and paper wasps, can also attract and exterminate honeybees. Thus, when using pesticides, traps, baits, and other pesticides to prevent damage to honeybees, which are not the intended target of extermination, care must be taken regarding application methods and locations. However, these methods have not yet been sufficiently effective in preventing the extermination of honeybees. Furthermore, while there have been proposals for insect repellents that can be used to exterminate bees (e.g., Patent Documents 1 and 2), no technology is known that can impart a honeybee repellent effect to pesticides or pesticides to achieve sufficient honeybee repellent effects. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2019-199439 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2019-069934 Summary of the Invention Problem to be solved by the invention

[0004] To provide a honeybee repellent for preventing damage to honeybees, which are not the original target of extermination, when using agricultural chemicals applied to agricultural crops or exterminating agents for exterminating carnivorous bees such as hornets and paper wasps. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] As a result of extensive research into solving the above problems, the present inventors have discovered that a particular component specifically repels honeybees, thereby solving the above problems.

[0006] Specifically, the present invention provides the following: 1. A honeybee repellent containing one or more active ingredients selected from tetradecane, furfuryl alcohol, cinnamyl alcohol, cinnamaldehyde, 3-methyl-2-butenal, methyl cinnamate, geranyl formate, allyl cyclohexanepropionate, isoquinoline, borneol, carvacrol, δ-dodecalactone, β-ionone, quinoline, butylamine and citronella oil. 2. A method for repelling honeybees, which uses one or more active ingredients selected from tetradecane, furfuryl alcohol, cinnamyl alcohol, cinnamaldehyde, 3-methyl-2-butenal, methyl cinnamate, geranyl formate, allyl cyclohexanepropionate, isoquinoline, borneol, carvacrol, δ-dodecalactone, β-ionone, quinoline, butylamine, and citronella oil. 3. A honeybee repellent containing one or more active ingredients selected from the following (a) to (e): (a) Straight-chain alkanes with 6 to 19 carbon atoms (b) Furan compounds (c) Furanone compounds with unsaturated bonds (d) Pyrrole compounds with 6 or more carbon atoms (e) Fatty alcohol 4. A method for repelling honeybees, which uses one or more active ingredients selected from the following (a) to (e): (a) Straight-chain alkanes with 6 to 19 carbon atoms (b) Furan compounds (c) Furanone compounds with unsaturated bonds (d) Pyrrole compounds with 6 or more carbon atoms (e) Fatty alcohol [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] By incorporating the honeybee repellent of the present invention into pesticides such as traps and baits for exterminating carnivorous wasps such as hornets and paper wasps, it is possible to prevent honeybees from being attracted to the pesticides and being exterminated, and it is possible to obtain the effect of exterminating carnivorous wasps such as hornets and paper wasps. Furthermore, the honeybee repellent of the present invention is useful because, when used in combination with a pesticide applied to agricultural crops, it inhibits honeybees from approaching the applied crops and exhibits the effect of preventing damage caused by honeybees being exterminated due to direct or indirect contact with the pesticide. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a feeding area used in the "Honeybee Repellent Effect Confirmation Test" of the Examples. [Figure 2] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a feeding area in the "Honeybee Repellent Effect Confirmation Test" of the Examples. [Explanation of symbols]

[0009] 10: Feeding area 11: KP cup lid 12: Cut 13: Cotton wool 14: KP Cup 15: Chopsticks (Scaffolding) DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0010] The honeybee repellent of the present invention will be described in detail below. <Honeybee> The term "honeybee" as used herein refers to insects belonging to the order Hymenoptera and family Apidae, and includes, for example, the Japanese honeybee, European honeybee, bumblebee, stingless bee, giant honeybee, Himalayan giant honeybee, small honeybee, siebold honeybee, black honeybee, Asian honeybee, and desert honeybee.

[0011] The active ingredient in the honeybee repellent of the present invention will be described. <(a) Linear alkanes with 6 to 19 carbon atoms> One of the active ingredients in the honeybee repellent of the present invention is (a) a straight-chain alkane having 6 to 19 carbon atoms. The (a) straight-chain alkanes having 6 to 19 carbon atoms include hexane (6 carbon atoms), heptane (7 carbon atoms), octane (8 carbon atoms), nonane (9 carbon atoms), decane (10 carbon atoms), undecane (11 carbon atoms), dodecane (12 carbon atoms), tridecane (13 carbon atoms), tetradodecane (14 carbon atoms), pentadecane (15 carbon atoms), hexadecane (16 carbon atoms), heptadecane (17 carbon atoms), octadecane (18 carbon atoms), and nonadecane (19 carbon atoms). Among these, linear alkanes having 8 to 14 carbon atoms are preferred as the active ingredient in the honeybee repellent of the present invention. Furthermore, linear alkanes having 8 to 14 carbon atoms have the property of not repelling target pests such as stink bugs.

[0012] <(b) Furan compounds> One of the active ingredients in the honeybee repellent of the present invention is (b) a furan compound. The (b) furan compound refers to a monocyclic compound having a 1-oxa-2,4-cyclopentadiene skeleton and does not include tetrahydrofuran compounds. The (b) furan compound is preferably a furan compound substituted with a chemical group having one or more oxygen atoms, such as a carbonyl group or a hydroxyl group. Furan compounds having a total carbon atom number of 10 or less are preferred, and furan compounds having a total carbon atom number of 8 or less are more preferred.

[0013] <(c) Furanone compounds having unsaturated bonds> One of the active ingredients in the honeybee repellent of the present invention is (c) a furanone compound having an unsaturated bond. The (c) furanone compound having an unsaturated bond refers to a compound having an unsaturated bond in a furan ring and a chemical structure in which a carbon atom forming the ring is substituted with a carbonyl group, and does not include compounds with a tetrahydrofuran skeleton. As the (c) furanone compound having an unsaturated bond, a furanone compound having an unsaturated bond with a total of 10 or less carbon atoms is preferred, and a furanone compound having an unsaturated bond with 8 or less carbon atoms is more preferred.

[0014] <(d) Pyrrole compounds having 6 or more carbon atoms> One of the active ingredients in the honeybee repellent of the present invention is (d) a pyrrole compound having 6 or more carbon atoms. The (d) pyrrole compound having 6 or more carbon atoms means a compound having a pyrrole skeleton. As the (d) pyrrole compound having 6 or more carbon atoms, a pyrrole compound substituted with a chemical group having one or more oxygen atoms, such as a carbonyl group or a hydroxyl group, is preferred. Furthermore, a pyrrole compound having a total of 15 or less carbon atoms is preferred, and a pyrrole compound having 13 or less carbon atoms is more preferred.

[0015] <(e) Fatty alcohol> One of the active ingredients in the honeybee repellent of the present invention is (e) a fatty alcohol. The (e) aliphatic alcohol refers to an aliphatic alcohol having one hydroxyl group at the terminal carbon, and includes linear or branched aliphatic alcohols and saturated or unsaturated aliphatic alcohols. The (e) aliphatic alcohol is preferably a saturated aliphatic alcohol. Furthermore, aliphatic alcohols having a total of 36 or fewer carbon atoms are preferred, with aliphatic alcohols having 22 or fewer carbon atoms being more preferred. Furthermore, aliphatic alcohols having a total of 4 or more carbon atoms are preferred.

[0016] The active ingredients in the honeybee repellent of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned compounds (a) to (e). The honeybee repellent effect will be explained in detail in the following examples, and the following compound groups are also active ingredients in the honeybee repellent of the present invention. <Group A-1> Tetradecane (a), furfuryl alcohol (b), cinnamyl alcohol, cinnamaldehyde, 3-methyl-2-butenal, methyl cinnamate, geranyl formate, allyl cyclohexanepropionate, and isoquinoline. This "Group A-1" is a group of active ingredients of the present invention that exhibits extremely excellent honeybee repellent effects (repellent rate of 90% or more), but does not repel pests other than honeybees that are the target of extermination, such as stink bugs. <Group A-2> Furfural (b), anisaldehyde, perillaldehyde, hydroxycitronellal, n-octanal, citronellyl acetate, ethyl octanoate, 2'-acetonaphthone, acetophenone, α-ionone, and 4-methoxystyrene. This "Group A-2" is a group of active ingredients of the present invention that, like "Group A-1," exhibits an extremely excellent honeybee repellent effect (repellency rate of 90% or more).

[0017] <Group B-1> Tetradecane (a), furfuryl alcohol (b), cinnamyl alcohol, cinnamaldehyde, 3-methyl-2-butenal, methyl cinnamate, geranyl formate, allyl cyclohexanepropionate, isoquinoline, borneol, carvacrol, δ-dodecalactone, β-ionone, quinoline, butylamine and citronella oil. This "Group B-1" is a group of active ingredients of the present invention that exhibits a significantly excellent honeybee repellent effect (repellency rate of 80% or more), but does not repel other pests that are the target of extermination, such as stink bugs, other than honeybees. <Group B-2> Furfural (b), anisaldehyde, perillaldehyde, hydroxycitronellal, n-octanal, citronellyl acetate, ethyl octanoate, 2'-acetonaphthone, acetophenone, α-ionone, 4-methoxystyrene, 1-dodecanol (e), 2-methyl-1-propanol (isobutanol) (e), methionol, propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, benzyl acetate, isobutyl phenylacetate, terpinyl acetate, 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 2-(3-phenylpropyl)pyridine, 4-methylacetophenone, hexanoic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, benzothiazole, and 1,5-dimethylnaphthalene. "Group B-2" is a group of active ingredients of the present invention that exhibits a remarkable and excellent honeybee repellent effect (repellency rate of 80% or more) similar to "Group B-1."

[0018] <Group C-1> Tetradecane (a), furfuryl alcohol (b), cinnamyl alcohol, cinnamaldehyde, 3-methyl-2-butenal, methyl cinnamate, geranyl formate, allyl cyclohexanepropionate, isoquinoline, borneol, carvacrol, δ-dodecalactone, β-ionone, quinoline, butylamine, citronella oil, sotolon (c), ethyl 10-undecenoate, allyl phenylacetate, isoamyl butyrate, 5-ethyl-2-methylpyridine, 3,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid, 2,3-diphenylquinoxaline, 5-hydroxyquinoxaline, and 1-methylnaphthalene. This "Group C-1" is a group of active ingredients of the present invention that exhibit excellent honeybee repellent effects (repellent rate of 70% or more), but do not repel pests other than honeybees that are the target of extermination, such as stink bugs. <Group C-2> Furfural (b), anisaldehyde, perillaldehyde, hydroxycitronellal, n-octanal, citronellyl acetate, ethyl octanoate, 2'-acetonaphthone, acetophenone, α-ionone, 4-methoxystyrene, 1-dodecanol (e), 2-methyl-1-propanol (isobutanol) (e), methionol, propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, benzyl acetate, isobutyl phenylacetate, terpinyl acetate, 2,3,5-trimethylpyrrolidone cinnamic acid, 2-(3-phenylpropyl)pyridine, 4-methylacetophenone, hexanoic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, benzothiazole, 1,5-dimethylnaphthalene, α-amylcinnamaldehyde, menthyl acetate, geranyl tiglate, methyl N-methylanthranilate, ethyl pentadecanoate, 2-ethyl-3-methylpyrazine, 6-methylquinoline, 5-methylquinoxaline, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoxaline, and 2-naphthalenethiol. "Group C-2" is a group of active ingredients of the present invention that exhibits excellent honeybee repellent effects (repellency rate of 70% or more) similar to "Group C-1."

[0019] <Group D-1> Tetradecane (a), furfuryl alcohol (b), cinnamyl alcohol, cinnamaldehyde, 3-methyl-2-butenal, methyl cinnamate, geranyl formate, allyl cyclohexanepropionate, isoquinoline, borneol, carvacrol, δ-dodecalactone, β-ionone, quinoline, butylamine, citronella oil, sotolon (c), ethyl 10-undecenoate, allyl phenylacetate, isoamyl butyrate, 5-ethyl-2-methylpyridine, 3,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid, 2,3-diphenylquinoxaline, 5-hydroxyquinoxaline, 1-methylnaphthalene, 2-acetylfuran (b), 1-pentanol (e), vanillin, isovaleraldehyde, cinnamyl acetate, geranyl acetate, ethyl isovalerate, and δ-undecanolactone. This "Group D-1" is a group of active ingredients of the present invention that exhibit excellent honeybee repellent effects (repellent rate of 60% or more), but do not repel pests other than honeybees that are the target of extermination, such as stink bugs. <Group D-2> Furfural (b), anisaldehyde, perillaldehyde, hydroxycitronellal, n-octanal, citronellyl acetate, ethyl octanoate, 2'-acetonaphthone, acetophenone, α-ionone, 4-methoxystyrene, 1-dodecanol (e), 2-methyl-1-propanol (isobutanol) (e), methionol, propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, benzyl acetate, isobutyl phenylacetate, terpinyl acetate, 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 2-(3-phenylpropyl)pyridine, 4-methylacetophenone, hexanoic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, benzothiazole, 1,5- Dimethylnaphthalene, α-amylcinnamaldehyde, menthyl acetate, geranyl tiglate, methyl N-methylanthranilate, ethyl pentadecanoate, 2-ethyl-3-methylpyran, 6-methylquinoline, 5-methylquinoxaline, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoxaline, 2-naphthalenethiol, 1-benzylpyrrole (d), 3-methyl-1-butanol (e), isoeugenol, anise alcohol, ethyl vanillin, propionaldehyde, trans-2-methyl-2-butenal, butyl butyrate, 2-acetylthiazole, pyrrolidine, and (S)-2-(methoxymethyl)pyrrolidine. "Group D-2" is a group of active ingredients of the present invention that exhibits excellent honeybee repellent effects (repellency rate of 60% or more) similar to "Group D-1."

[0020] <Group E-1> Tetradecane (a), furfuryl alcohol (b), cinnamyl alcohol, cinnamaldehyde, 3-methyl-2-butenal, methyl cinnamate, geranyl formate, allyl cyclohexanepropionate, isoquinoline, borneol, carvacrol, δ-dodecalactone, β-ionone, quinoline, butylamine, citronella oil, sotolon (c), ethyl 10-undecenoate, allyl phenylacetate, isoamyl butyrate, 5-ethyl-2-methylpyridine, 3,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid, 2,3-diphenyl quinoxaline, 5-hydroxyquinoxaline, 1-methylnaphthalene, 2-acetylfuran (b), 1-pentanol (e), vanillin, isovaleraldehyde, cinnamyl acetate, geranyl acetate, ethyl isovalerate, δ-undecanolactone, octane (a), trans-2-pentenal, valeraldehyde, ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, phenethyl acetate, methyl anthranilate, ethyl laurate, pyrazine, 2,6-dimethylpyridine, γ-undecalactone, and maltol propionate. This "Group E-1" is a group of active ingredients of the present invention that exhibit excellent honeybee repellent effects (repellent rate of 50% or more), but do not repel pests other than honeybees that are the target of extermination, such as stink bugs. <Group E-2> Furfural (b), anisaldehyde, perillaldehyde, hydroxycitronellal, n-octanal, citronellyl acetate, ethyl octanoate, 2'-acetonaphthone, acetophenone, α-ionone, 4-methoxystyrene, 1-dodecanol (e), 2-methyl-1-propanol (isobutanol) (e), methionol, propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, benzyl acetate, isobutyl phenylacetate, terpinyl acetate, 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 2-(3-phenylpropyl)pyridine, 4-methylacetophenone, hexanoic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, benzothiazole, 1,5-dimethylnaphthalene, α-amylcinnamaldehyde, menthyl acetate, geranyl tiglate, methyl N-methylanthranilate, ethyl pentadecanoate , 2-ethyl-3-methylpyran, 6-methylquinoline, 5-methylquinoxaline, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoxaline, 2-naphthalenethiol, 1-benzylpyrrole (d), 3-methyl-1-butanol (e), isoeugenol, anise alcohol, ethyl vanillin, propionaldehyde, trans-2-methyl-2-butenal, butyl butyrate, 2-acetylthiazole, pyrrolidine, (S)-2-(methoxymethyl)pyrrolidine, nonadecane (a), 5-methyl-2-furaldehyde (b), 1-octanol (e), butyraldehyde, ethyl phenylacetate, (-)-menthyl succinate, butyl n-octanoate, ethyl decanoate, 2,3-diethylpyrazine, 2-methylpyrazine, 3-ethylpyridine, and 4-quinolinecarboxylic acid. "Group E-2" is a group of active ingredients of the present invention that exhibits excellent honeybee repellent effects (repellency rate of 50% or more) similar to "Group E-1."

[0021] <Group F-1> Tetradecane (a), furfuryl alcohol (b), cinnamyl alcohol, cinnamaldehyde, 3-methyl-2-butenal, methyl cinnamate, geranyl formate, allyl cyclohexanepropionate, isoquinoline, borneol, carvacrol, δ-dodecalactone, β-ionone, quinoline, butylamine, citronella oil, sotolone (c), ethyl 10-undecenoate, allyl phenylacetate, isoamyl butyrate, 5-ethyl-2-methylpyridine, 3,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid, 2,3-diphenylquinoxaline, 5-hydroxyquinoxaline, 1-methylnaphthalene, 2-acetylfuran (b), 1-Pentanol (e), vanillin, isovaleraldehyde, cinnamyl acetate, geranyl acetate, ethyl isovalerate, δ-undecanolactone, octane (a), trans-2-pentenal, valeraldehyde, ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, phenethyl acetate, methyl anthranilate, ethyl laurate, pyrazine, 2,6-dimethylpyridine, γ-undecalactone, maltol propionate, furaneol, (3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)dimethylsulfonium chloride, allyl hexanoate, butyl laurate, butyric acid, α-angelicalactone, and 3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol. This "Group F-1" is a group of active ingredients of the present invention that exhibit a honeybee repellent effect (repellent rate of 30% or more) but do not repel pests other than honeybees that are the target of extermination, such as stink bugs. <Group F-2> Furfural (b), anisaldehyde, perillaldehyde, hydroxycitronellal, n-octanal, citronellyl acetate, ethyl octanoate, 2'-acetonaphthone, acetophenone, α-ionone, 4-methoxystyrene, 1-dodecanol (e), 2-methyl-1-propanol (isobutanol) (e), methionol, propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, benzyl acetate, isobutyl phenylacetate, terpinyl acetate, 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 2-(3-phenylpropyl)pyridine, 4-methylacetophenone, hexanoic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, benzothiazole, 1,5-dimethylnaphthalene, α-amylcinnamaldehyde, menthyl acetate, geranyl tiglate, methyl N-methylanthranilate, ethyl pentadecanoate, 2-ethyl-3-methylpyran, 6- Methylquinoline, 5-methylquinoxaline, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoxaline, 2-naphthalenethiol, 1-benzylpyrrole (d), 3-methyl-1-butanol (e), isoeugenol, anise alcohol, ethyl vanillin, propionaldehyde, trans-2-methyl-2-butenal, butyl butyrate, 2-acetylthiazole, pyrrolidine, (S)-2-(methoxymethyl)pyrrolidine, nonadecane (a), 5-methyl-2-furaldehyde (b), 1-octanol (e), butyraldehyde, ethyl phenylacetate, (-)-menthyl succinate, butyl n-octanoate, ethyl decanoate, 2,3-diethylpyrazine, 2-methylpyrazine, 3-ethylpyridine, 4-quinolinecarboxylic acid, butyl acetate, 2-acetylpyrrole, 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, and stearic acid. "Group F-2" is a group of active ingredients of the present invention that exhibits the same honeybee repellent effect (repellent rate of 30% or more) as "Group F-1."

[0022] <Group G-1> Tetradecane (a), furfuryl alcohol (b), cinnamyl alcohol, cinnamaldehyde, 3-methyl-2-butenal, methyl cinnamate, geranyl formate, allyl cyclohexanepropionate, isoquinoline, borneol, carvacrol, δ-dodecalactone, β-ionone, quinoline, butylamine, citronella oil, sotolon (c), ethyl 10-undecenoate, allyl phenylacetate, isoamyl butyrate, 5-ethyl-2-methylpyridine, 3,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid, 2,3-diphenylquinoxaline, 5-hydroxyquinoxaline, 1-methylnaphthalene, 2-acetylfuran (b), 1-pentanol (e), vanillin, isovaleraldehyde, cinnamyl acetate, geranyl acetate, ethyl isovalerate , δ-undecanolactone, octane(a), trans-2-pentenal, valeraldehyde, ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, phenethyl acetate, methyl anthranilate, ethyl laurate, pyrazine, 2,6-dimethylpyridine, γ-undecalactone, maltol propionate, furaneol, (3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)dimethylsulfonium chloride, allyl hexanoate, butyl laurate, butyric acid, α-angelicalactone, 3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol, ethyl tert-butyl acetate, ethyl maltol, 1-furfurylpyrrole, 2-ethylhexyl salicylate, 3,5-dimethoxybenzoic acid, ethyl cinnamate, ethyl heptanoate, 3-methyl-2-butanol, and isoamyl formate. This "Group G-1" is a group of active ingredients of the present invention that exhibit a honeybee repellent effect (repellent rate of 10% or more) but do not repel other pests that are the target of extermination, such as stink bugs, other than honeybees. <Group G-2> Furfural (b), anisaldehyde, perillaldehyde, hydroxycitronellal, n-octanal, citronellyl acetate, ethyl octanoate, 2'-acetonaphthone, acetophenone, α-ionone, 4-methoxystyrene, 1-dodecanol (e), 2-methyl-1-propanol (isobutanol) (e), methionol, propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, benzyl acetate, isobutyl phenylacetate, terpinyl acetate, 2,3,5-trimethyl Amylpyrazine, 2-(3-phenylpropyl)pyridine, 4-methylacetophenone, hexanoic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, benzothiazole, 1,5-dimethylnaphthalene, α-amylcinnamaldehyde, menthyl acetate, geranyl tiglate, methyl N-methylanthranilate, ethyl pentadecanoate, 2-ethyl-3-methylpyran, 6-methylquinoline, 5-methylquinoxaline, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoxaline, 2-naphthalene ol, 1-benzylpyrrole (d), 3-methyl-1-butanol (e), isoeugenol, anise alcohol, ethyl vanillin, propionaldehyde, trans-2-methyl-2-butenal, butyl butyrate, 2-acetylthiazole, pyrrolidine, (S)-2-(methoxymethyl)pyrrolidine, nonadecane (a), 5-methyl-2-furaldehyde (b), 1-octanol (e), butyraldehyde, ethyl phenylacetate, succinic acid (-)- Menthyl, butyl n-octanoate, ethyl decanoate, 2,3-diethylpyrazine, 2-methylpyrazine, 3-ethylpyridine, 4-quinolinecarboxylic acid, butyl acetate, 2-acetylpyrrole, 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, stearic acid, heptadecane, γ-butyrolactone, benzyl propionate, 1-methylpyrrolidine, isoamyl isovalerate, isoamyl acetate, acetylacetone, diacetone alcohol, butyl sulfide, and 1-octadecanol. "Group G-2" is a group of active ingredients of the present invention that exhibits the same honeybee repellent effect (repellent rate of 10% or more) as "Group G-1."

[0023] The classification of the active ingredient of the present invention based on its chemical structure is as follows. The classification below is based on the 29th category of organic chemicals in the Tariff Schedule Commentary of the Customs and Tariff Bureau of the Ministry of Finance (November 28, 2016, Tariff and Tariff No. 1443, last revised February 5, 2020, Tariff and Tariff No. 163). If a compound is deemed to belong to two or more categories (I) to (XIX), it will be classified as belonging to the category that is last in the numerical order of the categories (I) to (XIX) to which it is deemed to belong. Furthermore, unless otherwise specified below, the classification based on the Tariff Commentary will be followed. The active ingredient of the honeybee repellent of the present invention is thought to be specifically repelled by honeybees because the reactivity and other properties of the active ingredient differ when they come into contact with it due to differences in the preferences (sense of smell, taste, etc.) between honeybees and the target pests such as stink bugs, as well as differences in the body surfaces of honeybees and the target pests such as stink bugs. (I) Acyclic hydrocarbon compounds Acyclic hydrocarbon compounds are compounds consisting only of carbon and hydrogen and do not have a cyclic structure. These (I) acyclic hydrocarbon compounds include the above-mentioned (a) straight-chain alkanes having 6 to 19 carbon atoms, and among these, straight-chain alkanes having 8 to 14 carbon atoms are preferred components because they exhibit excellent honeybee repellent effects while not repelling target pests such as stink bugs. Straight-chain alkanes having 8 to 14 carbon atoms have particularly high permeability to the cuticle of pests, so differences in reactivity are likely to emerge between honeybees and target pests such as stink bugs when they come into contact with the body surface, which is thought to be why they specifically repel honeybees. This (a) straight-chain alkanes having 6 to 19 carbon atoms include octane (a-1), tetradecane (a-2), heptadecane (a-3), nonadecane (a-4), etc. Among these, octane and tetradecane, which are straight-chain alkanes having 8 to 14 carbon atoms, are preferred components because they exhibit excellent honeybee repellent effects and do not repel target pests such as stink bugs. (II) Cyclic hydrocarbon compounds A cyclic hydrocarbon compound is a compound that has one or more ring structures in its molecule and is composed only of carbon and hydrogen. An aromatic hydrocarbon compound is a cyclic hydrocarbon compound that has one or more fused or non-fused benzene rings in its molecule. The (II) cyclic hydrocarbon compound includes (ii) aromatic hydrocarbon compounds, which further include (ii-1) hydrocarbon compounds with two or more benzene rings. Among these, (ii-1) hydrocarbon compounds with two or more benzene rings and having only one substituent are suitable components because they exhibit excellent honeybee repellent effects while not repelling target pests such as stink bugs. This (ii-1) includes 1-methylnaphthalene, 1,5-dimethylnaphthalene, etc. Among them, 1-methylnaphthalene is a preferred component because it exhibits an excellent honeybee repellent effect and does not repel target pests such as stink bugs.

[0024] (III) Acyclic alcohol compounds Acyclic alcohol compounds are compounds in which one or more hydrogen atoms of an acyclic hydrocarbon are substituted with a hydroxyl group. (III) Acyclic alcohol compounds include the above-mentioned (e) aliphatic alcohols, which include (iii-1) saturated monohydric alcohols and (iii-2) unsaturated monohydric alcohols. The (iii-1) saturated monohydric alcohols include 1-octanol (e-1), 1-dodecanol (e-2), 1-octadecanol (e-3), 3-methyl-2-butanol (e-4), 2-methyl-1-propanol (isobutanol) (e-5), 3-methyl-1-butanol (e-6), 1-pentanol (e-7), etc., and the (iii-2) unsaturated monohydric alcohols include 3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol (e-8), 1-penten-3-ol (e-9), etc. Among these, 3-methyl-2-butanol, 1-pentanol, 3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol, and 1-penten-3-ol are preferred because they are effective in repelling honeybees but do not repel target pests such as stink bugs, and 1-penten-3-ol is an even more preferred component because it exhibits an even more excellent honeybee repellent effect. (IV) Cyclic alcohol compounds A cyclic alcohol compound is a compound that has one or more ring structures in the molecule and one or more hydrogen atoms are substituted with hydroxyl groups. (IV) Cyclic alcohol compounds include (iv-1) cyclic terpene alcohols and (iv-2) aromatic alcohols. (iv-1) Cyclic terpene alcohols include borneol and the like, and (iv-2) aromatic alcohols include cinnamyl alcohol and the like. Among these, borneol and cinnamyl alcohol are preferred components because they exhibit significantly superior honeybee repellent effects and do not repel target pests such as stink bugs. These preferred components are also known to be biosynthesized by plants. In particular, it is thought that honeybees specifically repel these components due to the influence of differences in plant preferences (sense of smell, taste, etc.) between honeybees and target pests such as stink bugs.

[0025] (V) Phenolic compounds Phenolic compounds are compounds having a structure in which one or more hydrogen atoms on a benzene ring are substituted with a hydroxyl group. Furthermore, mononuclear monophenolic compounds are phenolic compounds having a structure in which one hydrogen atom on a benzene ring is substituted with a hydroxyl group and having one benzene ring in the molecule. The (V) phenolic compounds include (v-1) mononuclear monophenolic compounds, such as carvacrol. Among these, carvacrol is a suitable component because it exhibits a significantly superior honeybee repellent effect while not repelling target pests such as stink bugs. Carvacrol is also a component known to be biosynthesized by plants. It is believed that honeybees specifically avoid carvacrol due to differences in plant preferences (smell, taste, etc.) between honeybees and target pests such as stink bugs. (VI) Ether compounds (with or without other oxygen functions). Ether compounds are compounds in which the hydrogen atom of the hydroxyl group of an alcohol or phenol is substituted with a hydrocarbon group (an alkyl group or an aryl group). Ether compounds having other oxygen functional groups are ether compounds having one or more oxygen functional groups (alcohol, phenol) described in (III) to (V) in the same molecule. The (VI) ether compounds include (vi-1) compounds having a methoxybenzene skeleton (anisole skeleton), which include isoeugenol, anise alcohol, 4-methoxystyrene, etc. Among these, (vi-1) compounds having a methoxybenzene skeleton (anisole skeleton) are preferred because they exhibit excellent honeybee repellent effects. (VII) Aldehyde compounds (with or without other oxygen functions). An aldehyde compound is a compound having an aldehyde group formed by oxidation of a primary alcohol. An aldehyde compound having another oxygen functional group is an aldehyde compound having one or more oxygen functional groups (alcohol, ether, phenol) described in (III) to (VI) in the same molecule. Specifically, a compound having an aldehyde group and an alcoholic hydroxyl group is called an aldehyde alcohol, an ether compound having an aldehyde group is called an aldehyde ether, and a compound having an aldehyde group and a phenolic hydroxyl group is called an aldehyde phenol. The (VII) aldehyde compounds include (vii-1) saturated acyclic aldehydes, (vii-2) unsaturated acyclic aldehydes, (vii-3) unsaturated alicyclic aldehydes, (vii-4) aromatic aldehydes, (vii-5) aldehyde ethers, (vii-6) aldehyde ethers and aldehyde phenols, and (vii-7) aldehyde alcohols. (vii-1) Saturated acyclic aldehydes include propionaldehyde, n-octanal, isovaleraldehyde, valeraldehyde, butyraldehyde, etc.; (vii-2) Unsaturated acyclic aldehydes include trans-2-pentenal, 3-methyl-2-butenal, trans-2-methyl-2-butenal, etc.; (vii-3) Unsaturated alicyclic aldehydes include perillaldehyde, etc.; (vii-4) Aromatic aldehydes include cinnamaldehyde, α-amylcinnamaldehyde, etc.; (vii-5) Aldehyde ethers include anisaldehyde, etc.; (vii-6) Aldehyde ethers and aldehyde phenols include vanillin, ethyl vanillin, etc.; and (vii-7) Aldehyde alcohols include hydroxycitronellal, etc. Among these, isovaleraldehyde, valeraldehyde, trans-2-pentenal, 3-methyl-2-butenal, cinnamaldehyde, and vanillin are preferred because they exhibit excellent honeybee repellent effects without repelling target pests such as stink bugs. Of these, 3-methyl-2-butenal and cinnamaldehyde are even more preferred because they exhibit significantly superior honeybee repellent effects.

[0026] (VIII) Ketone compounds (with or without other oxygen functional groups) A ketone compound is a compound that has a carbonyl group in its molecule. A ketone compound with another oxygen functional group is a ketone compound that has one or more oxygen functional groups (alcohols, ethers, phenols, aldehydes) shown in (III) to (VII) in the same molecule. Specifically, a ketone compound that has a carbonyl group and an alcoholic hydroxyl group is called a ketone alcohol. This (VIII) ketone compound includes (viii-1) acyclic ketones, (viii-2) unsaturated alicyclic ketones, (viii-3) aromatic ketones, and (viii-4) ketone alcohols. The (viii-1) acyclic ketones include acetylacetone, etc., the (viii-2) unsaturated alicyclic ketones include β-ionone, α-ionone, etc., the (viii-3) aromatic ketones include 2'-acetonaphthone, 4-methylacetophenone, acetophenone, etc., and the (viii-4) ketone alcohols include diacetone alcohol, etc. Among these, β-ionone is a preferred component because it exhibits a significantly excellent honeybee repellent effect and does not repel target pests such as stink bugs. (IX) Saturated acyclic monocarboxylic acid compounds Carboxylic acid compounds are compounds that have a carboxyl group in the molecule, and are classified as saturated / unsaturated depending on whether they have a double bond or the like in a portion other than the carboxyl group in the molecule, and as acyclic / cyclic depending on whether they have a cyclic structure. The (IX) saturated acyclic monocarboxylic acid compounds include (ix-1) saturated acyclic monocarboxylic acid compounds having 4 or more carbon atoms, such as hexanoic acid, butyric acid, and stearic acid. Among these, butyric acid is a preferred component because it exhibits a honeybee repellent effect while not repelling target pests such as stink bugs. (X) Saturated acyclic monocarboxylic acid ester compounds A saturated acyclic monocarboxylic acid ester compound is an ester compound in which the hydrogen atom of the carboxyl group of a saturated acyclic monocarboxylic acid compound is substituted with an alkyl group or an aryl group. Furthermore, an ester compound of a saturated acyclic carboxylic acid having 1 to 15 carbon atoms means that the saturated acyclic carboxylic acid compound has 1 to 15 carbon atoms before the hydrogen atom of the carboxyl group is substituted with an alkyl group or an aryl group. The (X) saturated acyclic monocarboxylic acid ester compound includes (x) an ester compound of a saturated acyclic carboxylic acid having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, and examples thereof include cinnamyl acetate, benzyl acetate, phenethyl acetate, benzyl propionate, menthyl acetate, geranyl acetate, geranyl formate, terpinyl acetate, citronellyl acetate, butyl butyrate, butyl n-octanoate, butyl laurate, butyl decanoate, ethyl pentadecanoate, ethyl laurate, ethyl isovalerate, ethyl tert-butyl acetate, isoamyl propionate, butyl acetate, ethyl butyrate, ethyl octanoate, allyl hexanoate, isoamyl butyrate, isoamyl isovalerate, isoamyl acetate, isoamyl formate, and ethyl heptanoate. Among these, cinnamyl acetate, phenethyl acetate, geranyl acetate, geranyl formate, butyl laurate, ethyl laurate, ethyl isovalerate, ethyl tert-butyl acetate, isoamyl propionate, allyl hexanoate, isoamyl butyrate, isoamyl formate, and ethyl heptanoate are preferred components because they have a honeybee repellent effect without repelling target pests such as stink bugs, and cinnamyl acetate, phenethyl acetate, geranyl acetate, geranyl formate, ethyl laurate, ethyl isovalerate, and isoamyl butyrate are even more preferred components because they have an even more excellent honeybee repellent effect.

[0027] (XI) Unsaturated acyclic monocarboxylic acid compounds and cyclic monocarboxylic acid compounds The (XI) unsaturated acyclic monocarboxylic acid compounds and cyclic monocarboxylic acid compounds include (xi-1) unsaturated acyclic monocarboxylic acid compounds and their salts, esters, and other derivatives, (xi-2) saturated alicyclic monocarboxylic acid compounds and their salts, esters, and other derivatives, (xi-3) aromatic saturated monocarboxylic acid compounds and their salts, esters, and other derivatives, and (xi-4) aromatic unsaturated monocarboxylic acid compounds and their salts, esters, and other derivatives. Among these, (xi-2) saturated alicyclic monocarboxylic acid compounds and their salts, esters, and other derivatives, and (xi-4) aromatic unsaturated monocarboxylic acid compounds and their salts, esters, and other derivatives are preferred because they exhibit honeybee repellent effects without repelling target pests such as stink bugs. Furthermore, cinnamic acid and its salts, esters, and other derivatives are even more preferred. These preferred compounds are also known to be biosynthesized by plants. In particular, it is thought that differences in plant preferences (sense of smell, taste, etc.) between honeybees and the pests being controlled, such as stink bugs, cause honeybees to specifically avoid the ingredient. (xi-1) Unsaturated acyclic monocarboxylic acid compounds and their salts, esters and other derivatives include geranyl tiglate, ethyl 10-undecenoate, etc.; (xi-2) Saturated alicyclic monocarboxylic acid compounds and their salts, esters and other derivatives include allyl cyclohexanepropionate, etc.; (xi-3) Aromatic saturated monocarboxylic acid compounds and their salts, esters and other derivatives include isobutyl phenylacetate, ethyl phenylacetate, allyl phenylacetate, etc.; (xi-4) Aromatic unsaturated monocarboxylic acid compounds and their salts, esters and other derivatives include methyl cinnamate, ethyl cinnamate, etc. Among these, ethyl 10-undecenoate, allyl cyclohexanepropionate, allyl phenylacetate, methyl cinnamate, and ethyl cinnamate are preferred because they are effective in repelling honeybees but do not repel target pests such as stink bugs. Of these, ethyl 10-undecenoate, allyl cyclohexanepropionate, allyl phenylacetate, and methyl cinnamate are even more preferred because they have an excellent effect in repelling honeybees. (XII) Polycarboxylic acid compounds The polycarboxylic acid compound is a carboxylic acid compound having two or more carboxyl groups. This (XII) polycarboxylic acid includes (xii-1) acyclic polycarboxylic acid compounds and their esters, salts, and other derivatives, such as (-)-menthyl succinate.

[0028] (XIII) Carboxylic acid compounds (limited to those having other oxygen functional groups) Carboxylic acid compounds having other oxygen functional groups are those having one or more oxygen functional groups (alcohols, ethers, phenols, aldehydes, ketones) shown in (III) to (VIII) in the same molecule. This (XIII) carboxylic acid (limited to those having other oxygen functional groups) compound includes (xiii-1) carboxylic acid compounds with alcohol functionality and their esters, salts, and other derivatives (provided that the alcohol functionality is not an ester), (xiii-2) carboxylic acid compounds with phenol functionality and their esters, salts, and other derivatives, (xiii-3) carboxylic acid compounds with aldehyde functionality or ketone functionality and their esters, salts, and other derivatives, and (xiii-4) carboxylic acid compounds with two methoxy groups and their esters, salts, and other derivatives. Among these, (xiii-3) aldehyde- or ketone-functional carboxylic acid compounds, as well as their esters, salts, and other derivatives, and (xiii-4) carboxylic acid compounds having two methoxy groups, as well as their esters, salts, and other derivatives, are preferred because they are effective in repelling honeybees but do not repel target pests such as stink bugs. Of these, acetoacetic acid esters, dimethoxybenzoic acid, and their esters, salts, and other derivatives are particularly preferred. (xiii-1) Carboxylic acid compounds with an alcohol function and their esters, salts and other derivatives (however, the alcohol function is not an ester) include triethyl citrate, etc.; (xiii-2) Carboxylic acid compounds with a phenol function and their esters, salts and other derivatives include propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, 2-ethylhexyl salicylate, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, etc.; (xiii-3) Carboxylic acid compounds with an aldehyde function or ketone function and their esters, salts and other derivatives include ethyl acetoacetate, which is an acetoacetic ester; and (xiii-4) Carboxylic acid compounds with two methoxy groups and their esters, salts and other derivatives include 3,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid, 3,5-dimethoxybenzoic acid, etc. Among these, triethyl citrate, ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, 2-ethylhexyl salicylate, ethyl acetoacetate, 3,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid, and 3,5-dimethoxybenzoic acid are preferred because they are effective in repelling honeybees without repelling the target pests, such as stink bugs. Of these, ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate and 3,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid are even more preferred because they have excellent honeybee repellent effects. (XIV) Amine-functional compounds The amine-functional compound is an organic nitrogen compound having an amine structure (obtained by substituting one, two, or three hydrogen atoms of ammonia with one, two, or three alkyl or aryl groups, respectively). The (XIV) amine-functional compound includes (xiv-1) acyclic monoamine compounds and their derivatives and salts, including aliphatic amines such as butylamine. Among these, butylamine, an aliphatic amine, is a preferred component because it exhibits excellent honeybee repellent effects while not repelling target pests such as stink bugs.

[0029] (XV) Oxygen-functional amino compounds An oxygen-functional amino compound is a compound having one or more amino groups and one or more oxygen-functional groups (alcohol, ether, phenol, aldehyde, ketone) shown in (I) to (VIII) in the same molecule. An amino acid is a compound having one or more carboxyl groups and one or more amino groups. The (XV) oxygen-functional amino compound includes (xv-1) amino acids and their esters and salts, including anthranilic acid esters such as methyl anthranilate and methyl N-methylanthranilate. Among these, the anthranilic acid ester methyl anthranilate is a preferred component because it exhibits excellent honeybee repellent effect while not repelling target pests such as stink bugs. (XVI) Organic sulfur compounds An organic sulfur compound is a compound that contains a sulfur atom directly bonded to a carbon atom in the molecule. It also includes compounds in which, in addition to sulfur atoms, other nonmetallic or metallic atoms are directly bonded to the carbon atom. The (XVI) organic sulfur compounds include methionol, 2-naphthalenethiol, butyl sulfide, and (3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)dimethylsulfonium chloride. Among these, (3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)dimethylsulfonium chloride is a preferred compound because it is effective in repelling honeybees but does not repel target pests such as stink bugs. (XVII) Heterocyclic compounds (limited to those containing oxygen as the only heteroatom) Heterocyclic compounds are compounds that have one or more rings in their molecules, and that contain atoms such as oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur in addition to carbon atoms. Heterocyclic compounds with only oxygen as a heteroatom are compounds that have only oxygen as an atom other than carbon in the rings in their molecules. Lactones are heterocyclic compounds that have one or more esters in the rings of their molecules and contain only oxygen as a heteroatom, consisting of two or more carbon atoms. 4-Pyrones are heterocyclic compounds with a 4-pyrone skeleton. These (XVII) heterocyclic compounds include (xvii-1) lactones (excluding furanone compounds) and (xvii-2) 4-pyrones, in addition to the above (b) furan compounds and (c) furanone compounds with unsaturated bonds. Among these, (xvii-1) lactones (excluding furanone compounds) with 5 or more carbon atoms, (c) furanone compounds with unsaturated bonds, and (xvii-2) 4-pyrones are preferred because they are effective in repelling honeybees without repelling target pests such as stink bugs. These preferred components include those derived from fermentation by microorganisms. It is believed that honeybees specifically avoid these components because they have a particular aversion to them (smell, taste, etc.). (b) Furan compounds include 2-acetylfuran, 5-methyl-2-furaldehyde, furfural, furfuryl alcohol, etc.; (c) furanone compounds having unsaturated bonds include furaneol, sotolon, α-angelicalactone, etc.; (xvii-1) lactones (excluding furanone compounds) include γ-undecalactone, γ-butyrolactone, δ-dodecalactone, δ-undecanolactone, etc.; and (xvii-2) 4-pyrones include ethyl maltol, maltol propionate, etc. Among these, 2-acetylfuran, furfuryl alcohol, furaneol, sotolon, α-angelicalactone, γ-undecalactone, δ-dodecalactone, δ-undecanolactone, ethyl maltol, and maltol propionate are preferred because they exhibit a honeybee repellent effect without repelling target pests such as stink bugs, and of these, 2-acetylfuran, furfuryl alcohol, sotolon, γ-undecalactone, δ-dodecalactone, δ-undecanolactone, and maltol propionate are even more preferred because they exhibit an excellent honeybee repellent effect.

[0030] (XVIII) Heterocyclic compounds (limited to those containing nitrogen as the only heteroatom) A heterocyclic compound having only nitrogen as a heteroatom is one having only nitrogen as an atom other than carbon in the ring in the molecule. A pyrazine compound refers to one having a pyrazine ring, and a pyridine compound refers to one having a pyridine ring. A quinoline or isoquinoline derivative refers to a heterocyclic compound having a structure in which a benzene ring and a pyridine ring are fused. A quinoxaline compound refers to a heterocyclic compound having a structure in which a benzene ring and a pyrazine ring are fused, including one in which the benzene ring has a saturated hydrogen-bonded structure. A pyrrolidine compound refers to one having a pyrrolidine ring. This (XVIII) heterocyclic compound (limited to those having only nitrogen as a heteroatom) includes, in addition to the above (d) pyrrole compounds having 6 or more carbon atoms, (xviii-1) pyrazine compounds, (xviii-2) pyridine compounds, (xviii-3) quinoline and isoquinoline derivatives, (xviii-4) quinoxaline compounds, and (xviii-5) pyrrolidine compounds. The (d) pyrrole compounds having 6 or more carbon atoms include 1-benzylpyrrole, 2-acetylpyrrole, 1-furfurylpyrrole, etc., the (xviii-1) pyrazine compounds include 2-ethyl-3-methylpyrazine, 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine, 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 2,3-diethylpyrazine, pyrazine, 2-methylpyrazine, etc., and the (xviii-2) pyridine compounds include 5-ethyl-2-methylpyridine, 2-(3-phenylpropyl)pyridine, 2,6- (xviii-3) quinoline and isoquinoline derivatives include isoquinoline, 6-methylquinoline, quinoline, and 4-quinolinecarboxylic acid; (xviii-4) quinoxaline compounds include 5-methylquinoxaline, 2,3-diphenylquinoxaline, 5-hydroxyquinoxaline, and 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoxaline; and (xviii-5) pyrrolidine compounds include pyrrolidine, 1-methylpyrrolidine, and (S)-2-(methoxymethyl)pyrrolidine. Among these, 1-furfurylpyrrole, pyrazine, 5-ethyl-2-methylpyridine, 2,6-dimethylpyridine, isoquinoline, quinoline, 2,3-diphenylquinoxaline, and 5-hydroxyquinoxaline are preferred because they are effective in repelling honeybees but do not repel target pests such as stink bugs. Pyrazine, 5-ethyl-2-methylpyridine, 2,6-dimethylpyridine, isoquinoline, quinoline, 2,3-diphenylquinoxaline, and 5-hydroxyquinoxaline are even more preferred because they have an even more excellent effect in repelling honeybees. (XIX) Heterocyclic compounds (limited to those containing nitrogen and sulfur as the only heteroatoms). A heterocyclic compound having only nitrogen and sulfur as heteroatoms is a compound having only nitrogen and sulfur in addition to carbon atoms in the ring of the molecule. This (XIX) heterocyclic compound includes (xix-1) compounds having a thiazole ring and a benzothiazole ring, such as 2-acetylthiazole and benzothiazole. (XX)Essential oil This (XX) essential oil includes citronella oil, etc.

[0031] <Formulation> The form of the honeybee repellent of the present invention includes a formulation containing, in addition to the active ingredient, ingredients commonly added to formulations as needed, and a formulation diluted with water. Among these, solid and liquid formulations are preferred because they are compact and have excellent storage stability, making them advantageous during transportation and storage. Among these, the honeybee repellent of the present invention is preferably used in liquid form, and liquid formulations are preferred because they are easy to dilute with water and leave little residue. The content of the active ingredient in the honeybee repellent of the present invention is preferably 0.00001 w / v% or more, more preferably 0.001 w / v% or more, even more preferably 0.01 w / v% or more, and particularly preferably 0.1 w / v% or more, based on the total amount of the active ingredient used. If the content of the active ingredient is less than 0.00001 w / v%, the repellent effect may not be fully exerted. Furthermore, if the content exceeds 99.5 w / v%, problems arise in formulation and stability, so the content is preferably 99.5 w / v% or less.

[0032] <Surfactant> When formulating the honeybee repellent of the present invention, a surfactant can be blended in. The surfactant can be any of nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, and amphoteric surfactants, with no particular limitation, but nonionic surfactants and anionic surfactants are preferred. Specifically, for example, nonionic surfactants include sugar ester type, fatty acid ester type, vegetable oil type, alcohol type, alkylphenol type, polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block polymer type, alkylamine type, bisphenol type, and polycyclic aromatic type. Anionic surfactants include carboxylic acid type, sulfonic acid type, sulfate ester type, and phosphate ester type. Cationic surfactants include ammonium type and benzalkonium type. Amphoteric surfactants include betaine type. These surfactants can be used either alone or in combination of two or more.

[0033] <Liquid carrier> When formulating the honeybee repellent of the present invention, a liquid carrier can be blended in. The liquid carrier is not particularly limited as long as it exhibits the effects of the present invention, and various known liquids different from the active ingredient of the present invention can be used as the carrier. For dilution, purified water, tap water, ion-exchanged water, distilled water, filtered water, sterilized water, groundwater, well water, etc. may be used. When formulating the honeybee repellent of the present invention, in addition to the surfactants and liquid carriers described above, auxiliary components commonly added to formulations may be blended as needed. Examples of auxiliary components commonly added to formulations include stabilizers, preservatives, coloring agents, and agents to prevent accidental ingestion and ingestion. Examples of stabilizers include antioxidants such as dibutylhydroxytoluene (BHT) and butylhydroxyanisole (BHA), ascorbic acid, etc. Examples of preservatives include sorbic acid, sorbates, parahydroxybenzoic acid esters, thiabendazole, sodium chloride, etc. Examples of coloring agents include caramel color, gardenia color, anthocyanin color, safflower color, flavonoid color, Red No. 2, Red No. 3, Yellow No. 4, Yellow No. 5, etc. Examples of agents to prevent accidental ingestion and ingestion include denatonium benzoate, etc.

[0034] <About poison bait> The honeybee repellent of the present invention can be incorporated into poison baits for exterminating carnivorous wasps such as hornets and paper wasps. By incorporating the bait, it becomes possible to repel honeybees that are not originally targeted for extermination. Poison baits for carnivorous wasps such as hornets and paper wasps containing the honeybee repellent of the present invention can be in the form of, for example, liquid, powder, dumpling, paste, gel, or tablet formulations, and application formulations can be, for example, brush-on, spray, or injection formulations. Furthermore, an edible substrate impregnated with, attached to, or coated with the poison bait can be placed at a location where carnivorous wasps are to be exterminated, and the extermination effect can be achieved by the carnivorous wasps eating the bait. Examples of materials for this edible substrate include sponge, absorbent cotton, nonwoven fabrics made of natural or synthetic fibers, polymers such as absorbent polymers, woven fabrics, paper, and porous bodies. This poison bait is preferably stored in a container for use. The container can be of any shape or size, as long as it can accommodate the poison bait containing the honeybee repellent of the present invention, and can be configured to suit the location and method of use. The material of this container is not particularly limited, and can include, for example, glass, metal, plastic, or special paper with waterproof or water-repellent properties that prevents the honeybee repellent of the present invention from leaking from the container. When placing a poison bait containing the honeybee repellent of the present invention outdoors, a cover that prevents the infiltration of rainwater and the like while leaving space for the opening is preferred to prevent the infiltration of rainwater and the like, which would dilute the poison bait and reduce its effectiveness in repelling honeybees and exterminating carnivorous bees. It is preferable to use a poison bait containing the honeybee repellent of the present invention by hanging it approximately 1 to 3 meters above the ground, preferably out of direct sunlight, or by placing it on a flat surface so that the container's opening is not blocked.

[0035] <About the bee trap> The honeybee repellent of the present invention may be mixed with an attractant for carnivorous bees such as hornets and paper wasps, and the mixture may be stored in a container and used as a bee trap. This combination makes it possible to repel honeybees that are not originally the target of attraction. The shape and size of this bee trap are not limited as long as it can accommodate an attractant for carnivorous bees such as hornets and paper wasps containing the honeybee repellent of the present invention, and it may be in a form that is suitable for the location and method of use. The material of this container is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, glass, metal, plastic, or a special paper with waterproof or water-repellent properties that will prevent the honeybee repellent of the present invention from leaking from the container. In one embodiment of the container, the container has a lid that covers the opening, and an opening for the bees to enter is formed in either the lid or the container. The opening may be of a size and shape that allows the bees to easily enter the container, and the number of openings is preferably between two and five, depending on the size of the container. The container may be provided with a transparent or semi-transparent window so that the number of captured bees can be visually checked, or may be a transparent or semi-transparent container, which makes it difficult to see the captured bees and reduces discomfort. In addition, the opening is preferably funnel-shaped or the like to prevent bees that have entered the container from easily escaping outside the container. When a bee trap is installed outdoors, it is preferable to have a cover that has space for the opening and prevents the intrusion of rainwater, etc., to prevent the intrusion of rainwater, etc., which would dilute the attractant for carnivorous bees such as hornets and paper wasps that contains the bee repellent of the present invention and reduce its effectiveness as a honeybee repellent and as an attractant for carnivorous bees. It is preferable that a bee trap that uses an attractant for carnivorous bees such as hornets and paper wasps containing the honeybee repellent of the present invention is used in a place that is not exposed to direct sunlight as much as possible, hung about 1 to 3 m from the ground, fixed to a fence, or placed on a flat surface where the entrance to the container is not blocked.

[0036] <Pesticides> The honeybee repellent of the present invention may be incorporated into insecticides, miticides, and fungicides applied to agricultural crops, as well as herbicides applied to arable or non-arable land. This incorporation suppresses honeybees from invading areas where pesticides have been sprayed, making it possible to prevent damage caused by honeybees being exterminated through indirect contact with pesticides. The honeybee repellent of the present invention may also be used alone, or by using the honeybee repellent of the present invention before or after spraying insecticides, miticides, and fungicides applied to agricultural crops, as well as herbicides applied to arable or non-arable land, it becomes possible to prevent damage caused by honeybees being exterminated through direct or indirect contact with pesticides. Pesticides that can be used in combination with the honeybee repellent of the present invention are not particularly limited, and include known compounds, for example, neonicotinoid pesticides such as acetamiprid, imidaproclide, clothianidin, dinotefuran, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam, and nitenpyram; pyrethroid pesticides such as allethrin, resmethrin, d-fenothrin, tetramethrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, fenvalerate, permethrin, and etofenprox; phenylpyrazole pesticides such as ethiprole and fipronil; insecticides and acaricides such as dichlorvos, trichlorfon, cyanophos, fenitrothion, chlorpyrifos, diazinon, malathion, acephate, isoxathion, and phoxim; fungicides such as pyrazole pesticides such as penthiopyrad; and herbicides such as organophosphorus pesticides such as butamifos. In particular, neonicotinoid pesticides such as acetamiprid, imidaprocrid, clothianidin, dinotefuran, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam, and nitenpyram, and phenylpyrazole pesticides such as ethiprole and fipronil are known to have a particularly large effect on honeybees, and when used in combination with the honeybee repellent of the present invention, a significant effect is likely to be obtained. [Example]

[0037] The present invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to formulation examples and test examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. In the examples, unless otherwise specified, the numerical values ​​mean w / v %.

[0038] <Test 1 to confirm honeybee repellent effectiveness> In order to confirm that the honeybee repellent of the present invention has a repellent effect on honeybees, the following test was carried out. (1) Preparation of test samples The test samples used in the examples were 2 wt / v% ethanol solutions of octane (a-1), tetradecane (a-2), heptadecane (a-3), nonadecane (a-4), 2-acetylfuran (b-1), 5-methyl-2-furaldehyde (b-2), furfural (b-3), furaneol (c-1), 2-acetylpyrrole (d-1), 1-benzylpyrrole (d-2), 1-octanol (e-1), 1-dodecanol (e-2), and 1-octadecanol (e-3), and 2 wt / v% aqueous solutions of furfuryl alcohol (b-4), sotolon (c-2), and α-angelicalactone (c-3). The test samples used for the comparative examples were a 2 wt / v % ethanol solution of eicosane (20 carbon atoms, p-1), heneicosane (21 carbon atoms, p-2), 2-methyloctane (branched alkane, p-3), tributyl o-acetylcitrate (p-4), and 1-methylpyrrole (p-5), and a 2 wt / v % aqueous solution of 2-methyltetrahydrofuran-3-one (p-6) and acetic acid (p-7). For calibration samples, ethanol alone and water alone were used. Note that these calibration samples using only ethanol or water alone did not show any repellent effect on honeybees.

[0039] (2) Preparing feeding areas As shown in Figure 1, two slits 12 were made in the lid 11 (diameter 150 mm) of a KP cup, and absorbent cotton 13 (80 mm x 170 mm) was inserted into each slit, placed so that about half (80 mm x 85 mm) of the lid surface covered it, and then fitted into a KP cup 14 (diameter 150 mm x height 60 mm). This absorbent cotton 13 was impregnated with 40% sugar water (80 g), and disposable chopsticks 15 (length 80 mm) were placed on each piece of absorbent cotton on the surface of the lid as "footholds," to create "feeding area 1 for the test insect (honeybee)" 10. In "Feeding area 1 for test insects (honeybees)," 5 mL each of the test samples (16 samples) of the examples, the test samples (7 samples) of the comparative examples, and the correction samples (2 samples) (active ingredients of the examples and comparative examples: 0.1 g) was sprayed evenly onto the cotton wool 13 exposed on the surface of the lid, and this was used as "Feeding area 2 for test insects (honeybees)."

[0040] (3) Test method A test insect (honeybee) hive (1 colony: approximately 6,000 individuals) was placed in the center of a glass greenhouse (bottom: 5m x 10m, height (highest part): 3m, temperature: 25°C), and the above-mentioned "test insect (honeybee) feeding area 1" was set up 2m away from the hive. After confirming that five or more test insects (honeybees) were foraging at the above-mentioned "Test insect (honeybee) feeding area 1" set up in the greenhouse, Test 1 was conducted to measure the "number of approaches (Mz)" and "number of landings (My)" and calculate the "landing rate (Mx)." Next, the "test insect (honeybee) feeding area 1" installed in the greenhouse was replaced with "test insect (honeybee) feeding area 2," and after leaving it to stand for 5 minutes, the "number of approaches (Nz)" and "number of landings (Ny)" were measured, and test 2 was conducted to calculate the "landing rate (Nx)." Here, the meanings of "number of approaches," "number of landings," and "landing rate" are as follows: Approach count: The total number of times that honeybees approached within 25 cm of the cotton balls at the feeding station in a 5-minute period. Landings: The total number of bees that stayed on the cotton balls at the feeding station for more than one second over a five-minute period. Landing rate (%): (Number of landings / Number of approaches) x 100 (Mx)=(My) / (Mz)×100 (Nx) = (Ny) / (Nz) × 100

[0041] (4) Evaluation method From the above "landing rate," the "repellency rate Q" and "corrected repellency rate R" were calculated using the following formula. The "repellency rate of the correction sample" used when calculating the "corrected repellency rate R" was the repellency rate of each of the above correction samples (only ethanol, which is the solvent for the active ingredient, or only water). Repellency rate Q (%) = {(Mx) - (Nx)} / (Mx) × 100 Corrected repellency rate R (%) = {Repellency rate of test sample - Repellency rate of correction sample} / {100 - Repellency rate of correction sample} x 100 The corrected repellency rates R (%) for the test samples of the Examples and Comparative Examples are summarized in Table 1 below.

[0042] [Table 1]

[0043] As shown in Table 1, it was clear that the examples containing the active ingredient of the present invention had excellent honeybee repellent properties. This test method was conducted under harsh conditions, in which honeybees were introduced to "Feeding Station 1" consisting of 40% sugar water, and then "Feeding Station 2" consisting of the test sample was replaced in the same place, and Test 2 was conducted 5 minutes later. Nevertheless, it was clear that the honeybee repellent of the present invention had excellent repellent effects. In contrast, in the comparative example containing an ingredient different from the active ingredient of the present invention, no repellent behavior of honeybees was observed at all. In particular, while specific examples of (a) of the present invention, a-1, a-2, and a-3, exhibited excellent repellent effects, alkanes with different carbon numbers than (a) of the present invention, and examples of branched alkanes with the same carbon number as (a), p-1, p-2, and p-3, showed no repellent behavior by honeybees. Furthermore, specific examples of (c) of the present invention, c-1, c-2, and c-3, exhibited excellent repellent effects, while p-6, which, unlike (c) of the present invention, does not have an unsaturated bond, showed no repellent behavior by honeybees. Similarly, specific examples of (d) of the present invention, d-1 and d-2, showed excellent repellent effects, while p-5, which has a different 1-substituent from d-2 and a different carbon number, showed no repellent behavior by honeybees. Furthermore, visual observation confirmed that when one or more components selected from (a) to (e) of the present invention were used, approximately half of the honeybees that landed on absorbent cotton did not eat it, or if they did, they only did so for a short period of time. These results demonstrate that one or more components selected from (a) to (e) of the present invention exert a repellent effect against honeybees.

[0044] <Test 1 to confirm the behavior of stink bugs in response to the active ingredient of the present invention> Assuming that the honeybee repellent of the present invention is used in combination with a pesticide, the following test was conducted using stink bugs to confirm how pests that are the targets of pesticide control would behave in response to the honeybee repellent of the present invention. For calibration samples, only ethanol or only water was used. Note that no repellent effect against stink bugs was observed in these calibration samples using only ethanol or water. (1) Test specimen The test sample from the above "Honeybee Repellent Effect Confirmation Test 1" was used. (2) Test method A calcium carbonate / ethanol dispersion was applied to the entire inner wall of a KP cup (100 mm diameter x 90 mm height) and allowed to air dry. A filter paper (90 mm diameter) was then fixed to the bottom of the KP cup with double-sided tape. The diameter of another filter paper (90 mm diameter) was cut to create a half-moon shape. Each test sample or calibration sample (400 μL) was uniformly applied to each half-moon. The test sample was then placed on the filter paper fixed to the bottom of the KP cup, with the circular portion overlapping the other half. This completed the test setup. Two test insects (southern green stink bugs) were released into the above test device, and their behavior was observed for 30 minutes (1,800 seconds). The average time A (seconds) that the two test insects remained on the filter paper treated with the test sample or correction sample, and the average time B (seconds) that the two test insects remained on the filter paper not treated with the test sample or correction sample were measured. (3) Evaluation method From the above "time A (seconds)" and "time B (seconds)," the "repellency rate Y" and "corrected repellency rate Z" were calculated using the following formula. The "repellency rate of the correction sample" used when calculating the "corrected repellency rate Z" was the repellency rate of each of the above correction samples (only ethanol, which is the solvent for the active ingredient, or only water). Repellency rate Y (%) = {(Time B (seconds)) - (Time A (seconds))} / 1800 x 100 Corrected repellency rate Z (%) = {Repellency rate of test sample - Repellency rate of correction sample} / {100 - Repellency rate of correction sample} x 100 The corrected repellency rate Z (%) for stink bugs for the test samples, and for reference, the corrected repellency rate R (%) for honeybees, are summarized in Table 2 below.

[0045] [Table 2]

[0046] As shown in Table 2, it was confirmed that stink bugs did not exhibit any repellent behavior toward the active ingredients of the present invention. These results confirmed that the honeybee repellent of the present invention, when used in combination with a chemical that exterminates stink bugs, can be used as a selective pesticide that repels honeybees without repelling stink bugs. They also revealed that the repellent can be used to form a stink bug trap or stink bug bait. In other words, when used in combination with a pesticide, the honeybee repellent of the present invention can suppress honeybees from approaching the area where it is applied, and prevent honeybees from being exterminated by coming into direct or indirect contact with the pesticide. Furthermore, by incorporating the honeybee repellent of the present invention into a trap or bait, it is possible to prevent honeybees from being attracted to the pesticide and being exterminated without repelling the pests to be exterminated. It has been confirmed through separate tests that carnivorous wasps such as hornets and paper wasps are not repelled by the active ingredient of the present invention.

[0047] <Test to confirm honeybee repellent effectiveness 2> In order to confirm that the bee repellents of the present invention other than those in the above "Bee Repellent Effect Confirmation Test 1" have a repellent effect against bees, the following test was conducted. (1) Preparation of test samples The test samples of the examples include 3-methyl-2-butanol (e-4), carvacrol (x-1), isoeugenol (x-2), cinnamyl alcohol (x-3), diacetone alcohol (x-4), α-amylcinnamaldehyde (x-5), 3-methyl-2-butenal (x-6), valeraldehyde (x-7), ethyl cinnamate (x-8), methyl cinnamate (x-9), ethyl isovalerate (x-10), isoamyl formate (x-11), 0.1 w / v% ethanol solutions of 5-ethyl-2-methylpyridine (x-12), 2-(3-phenylpropyl)pyridine (x-13), 2,6-dimethylpyridine (x-14), β-ionone (x-15), 2-acetylthiazole (x-16), butylamine (x-17), and citronella oil (x-18), and 0.1 w / v% aqueous solution of (3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)dimethylsulfonium chloride (x-19) were used. For calibration samples, ethanol alone and water alone were used. Note that these calibration samples using only ethanol or water alone did not show any repellent effect on honeybees.

[0048] As in the above "Honeybee Repellent Effect Confirmation Test 1," a feeding station was prepared using the test samples (20 samples) of the example, and the corrected repellent rate R (%) was calculated using the same test method (5 mL of each test sample was used, active ingredient amount: 5 mg) and evaluation method as in "Honeybee Repellent Effect Confirmation Test 1." The corrected repellent rates R (%) for the test samples of the example are summarized in Table 3 below.

[0049] [Table 3]

[0050] As shown in Table 3, it was clear that the examples containing the active ingredient of the present invention were excellent in honeybee repellency. The test sample in the above-mentioned "Bee Repellent Effect Confirmation Test 1" was a solution with an active ingredient concentration of 2 w / v%, whereas the test sample in this "Bee Repellent Effect Confirmation Test 2" was a solution with an active ingredient concentration of 0.1 w / v%, which was extremely low, but it was confirmed to have an excellent repellent effect.

[0051] <Test 2 to confirm the behavior of stink bugs in response to the active ingredient of the present invention> A stink bug behavior confirmation test, assuming the combined use of the honeybee repellent of the present invention and a pesticide, was conducted using the same test method (using 400 μL of each test sample) and evaluation method as in the above-mentioned "Stink bug behavior confirmation test 1 in response to the active ingredient of the present invention." The test samples used were the same as those used in the above "Honeybee Repellent Effect Confirmation Test 2." For calibration samples, only ethanol or only water was used. Note that no repellent effect against stink bugs was observed in these calibration samples using only ethanol or water. The corrected stink bug repellency rate Z (%) for the test samples, and for reference, the corrected honeybee repellency rate R (%), are summarized in Table 4 below.

[0052] [Table 4]

[0053] As shown in Table 4, it was confirmed that stink bugs did not exhibit any repellent behavior toward the active ingredients of the present invention. These results confirmed that the honeybee repellent of the present invention, when used in combination with a pesticide for exterminating stink bugs and other insects, exerts a selective effect of suppressing honeybees from approaching the area where it is applied, without repelling the target insects, such as stink bugs, and thereby preventing honeybees from being exterminated through direct or indirect contact with the pesticide.

[0054] <Honeybee repellent effectiveness confirmation test 3, stink bug behavior confirmation test 3> In order to confirm that the bee repellents of the present invention other than those in the above "Bee Repellent Effect Confirmation Tests 1 and 2" have a repellent effect on bees, tests were conducted using the following test samples. Furthermore, using the same test samples, a stink bug behavior confirmation test was conducted assuming the case where the honeybee repellent of the present invention was used in combination with a pesticide.

[0055] (1) Preparation of test samples The test samples in the examples were 1-furfurylpyrrole (d-3), 2-methyl-1-propanol (isobutanol) (e-5), 3-methyl-1-butanol (e-6), 1-pentanol (e-7), 3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol (e-8), borneol (y-1), anise alcohol (y-2), anisaldehyde (y-4), cinnamaldehyde (y-5), ethyl vanillin (y-6), vanillin (y-7), perillaldehyde (y-8), trans-2-pentenal (y-10), and methyl ... ), propionaldehyde (y-11), n-octanal (y-12), trans-2-methyl-2-butenal (y-13), isovaleraldehyde (y-14), butyraldehyde (y-15), propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate (y-16), ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate (y-17), cinnamyl acetate (y-18), benzyl acetate (y-19), phenethyl acetate (y-20), isobutyl phenylacetate (y-21), 2-ethylhexyl salicylate (y-22), benzyl propionate (y-23), menthyl acetate (y-26), geranyl acetate (y-27), geranyl formate (y-28), terpinyl acetate (y-29), citronellyl acetate (y-30), geranyl tiglate (y-31), (-)-menthyl succinate (y-32), methyl anthranilate (y-33), methyl N-methylanthranilate (y-34), butyl butyrate (y-35), butyl n-octanoate (y-36), butyl laurate (y-37), ethyl decanoate (y-38), ethyl 10-undecenoate (y-39) , ethyl pentadecanoate (y-40), ethyl laurate (y-41), ethyl tert-butyl acetate (y-42), allyl cyclohexanepropionate (y-43), allyl phenylacetate (y-44), butyl acetate (y-46), allyl hexanoate (y-49), ethyl heptanoate (y-54), 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine (y-55), 2,3-diethylpyrazine (y-56), pyrazine (y-57), 2-methylpyrazine (y-58), 2-ethyl-3-methylpyrazine (y-59), 2,6-Dimethylpyrazine (Y-60), γ-undecalactone (Y-63), γ-butyrolactone (Y-64), δ-dodecalactone (Y-65), δ-undecanolactone (Y-66), 2'-acetonaphthone (Y-67), 4-methylacetophenone (Y-68), acetylacetone (Y-70), α-ionone (Y-71), stearic acid (Y-74), 3,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid (Y-75), 3,5-dimethoxybenzoin Acid (y-76), 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (y-77), benzothiazole (y-78), isoquinoline (y-79), 6-methylquinoline (y-80), quinoline (y-81), 4-quinolinecarboxylic acid (y-82), 5-methylquinoxaline (y-83), 2,3-diphenylquinoxaline (y-84), 5-hydroxyquinoxaline (y-85), 1-methylnaphthalene (y-87), 2-naphthalenethiol (y-88) , 1,5-dimethylnaphthalene (y-89), pyrrolidine (y-91), 1-methylpyrrolidine (y-92), (S)-2-(methoxymethyl)pyrrolidine (y-93), ethyl maltol (y-95), maltol propionate (y-96) in 0.1 w / v% ethanol solution, hexanoic acid (y-72), butyric acid (y-73) in 0.1 w / v% aqueous solution, methionol (y-3), hydroxycitronellal (y-4), -9), ethyl phenylacetate (y-24), ethyl octanoate (y-48), isoamyl butyrate (y-51), isoamyl isovalerate (y-52), isoamyl acetate (y-53), 3-ethylpyridine (y-62), acetophenone (y-69), 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoxaline (y-86), 4-methoxystyrene (y-90), and butyl sulfide (y-94) were used in 2.0 w / v% ethanol solutions. As a comparative test sample, a 2.0 w / v % aqueous solution of propionic acid (p-8) was used. For calibration samples, only ethanol or only water was used. Note that these calibration samples using only ethanol or water did not show any repellent effect on honeybees or stink bugs.

[0056] As in the above "Honeybee Repellent Effect Confirmation Test 1," a feeding area was prepared using the test samples of the Example (96 samples) and the test sample of the Comparative Example (1 sample), and the corrected repellency rate R (%) was calculated using the same test method (5 mL of each test sample was used) and evaluation method as in "Honeybee Repellent Effect Confirmation Test 1." In addition, the test samples of the Examples (96 samples) and the test sample of the Comparative Example (1 sample) were used, and the same test method (400 μL of each test sample was used) and evaluation method were used as in the above-mentioned "Test 1 to confirm the behavior of stink bugs in response to the active ingredient of the present invention." The corrected honeybee repellency rates R (%) for the test samples of the Examples and Comparative Examples are summarized in Table 5 below. The corrected stink bug repellency rate Z (%) is shown in Table 5 below, with "O" if it is "<0" and "X" if it is not "<0".

[0057] [Table 5]

[0058] As shown in Table 5, it was clear that the examples containing the active ingredient of the present invention were excellent in honeybee repellency. Among the above, 1-pentanol (e-7), borneol (y-1), cinnamaldehyde (y-5), vanillin (y-7), trans-2-pentenal (y-10), isovaleraldehyde (y-14), ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate (y-17), cinnamyl acetate (y-18), phenethyl acetate (y-20), geranyl acetate (y-27), geranyl formate (y-28), methyl anthranilate (y-33), ethyl 10-undecenoate (y-39), ethyl laurate (y-41), allyl cyclohexanepropionate (y-43), allyl phenylacetate (y-44), isoamyl butyrate (y-51), and pi It has been revealed that radin (Y-57), γ-undecalactone (Y-63), δ-dodecalactone (Y-65), δ-undecanolactone (Y-66), 3,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid (Y-75), isoquinoline (Y-79), quinoline (Y-81), 2,3-diphenylquinoxaline (Y-84), 5-hydroxyquinoxaline (Y-85), 1-methylnaphthalene (Y-87), and maltol propionate (Y-96) exhibit practical and excellent honeybee repellent effects (repellency rate of 50% or more), while not repelling stink bugs, the pests targeted for extermination. These active ingredients are extremely effective as active ingredients of the present invention. These results confirmed that the honeybee repellent of the present invention, when used in combination with a pesticide for exterminating stink bugs and other insects, exerts a selective effect of suppressing honeybees from approaching the area where it is applied, without repelling the target insects, such as stink bugs, and thereby preventing honeybees from being exterminated through direct or indirect contact with the pesticide.

[0059] <Test to confirm the effectiveness of combined use with pesticides 1> Assuming that the honeybee repellent of the present invention is used in combination with a pesticide, tests were conducted using the following test samples to confirm the effects of the pesticide on honeybees and the stink bugs that are the target of extermination. (1) Preparation of test samples The honeybee repellent of the present invention used cinnamyl alcohol as the active ingredient and dinotefuran as the pesticide. A mixed ethanol solution containing cinnamyl alcohol and dinotefuran (cinnamyl alcohol 0.1 w / v %, dinotefuran 0.01 w / v %) was used as a test sample using the honeybee repellent of the present invention in combination with a pesticide. A 0.01 w / v% solution of dinotefuran in ethanol was used as the pesticide-only test sample. (2) Preparation of feeding and water areas Two pieces of absorbent cotton (80mm x 170mm) were placed on the lid of a KP cup (diameter 150mm), which was then soaked in 40% sugar water (80g). Two disposable chopsticks (length 80mm) were then placed on top of each other as "footholds," creating "feeding area A for the test insects (honeybees, stink bugs)." In addition, instead of the 40% sugar water (80 g) in feeding area A, water (80 g) was used to create the "water area." 5 mL of a 0.01 w / v% ethanol solution of dinotefuran (containing 0.5 mg of dinotefuran) was evenly sprayed onto the absorbent cotton from "Feeding area A for test insects (honeybees, stink bugs)," and this was used as "Feeding area B for test insects (honeybees, stink bugs)." 5 mL of a mixed ethanol solution containing cinnamyl alcohol and dinotefuran (0.1 w / v% cinnamyl alcohol, 0.01 w / v% dinotefuran) (containing 5 mg cinnamyl alcohol and 0.5 mg dinotefuran) was evenly sprayed onto the absorbent cotton in "Feeding area A for test insects (honeybees, stink bugs)," and this was used as "Feeding area C for test insects (honeybees, stink bugs)."

[0060] (3) Test method Three spaces (80cm x 80cm x 80cm, 25°C) covered with nylon gauze were designated as "untreated area" with a water source and feeding area A, "test area 1" with a water source, feeding area A and feeding area B, and "test area 2" with a water source, feeding area A and feeding area C. Fifty honeybees (Western honeybees) and ten stink bugs (Southern green stink bugs) were released into each of the "untreated area," "test area 1," and "test area 2," and the number of honeybees and stink bugs killed was counted at the start of the test, and 3 hours, 18 hours, and 20 hours after the start of the test. The results for honeybees are shown in Table 6 below, and the results for stink bugs are shown in Table 7 below.

[0061] [Table 6] [Table 7]

[0062] As shown in Table 6, in Test Area 1, where only the pesticide dinotefuran was used, approximately 40% of the test bees died 20 hours after the start of the test. However, in Test Area 2, where cinnamyl alcohol, the active ingredient of the bee repellent of the present invention, was used in combination with the pesticide dinotefuran, the number of bees that died 20 hours after the start of the test was the same as the number of bees that died in the untreated area, which means that the bees are thought to have died of natural causes. These results demonstrate that the active ingredient of the honeybee repellent of the present invention, when used in combination with a pesticide, effectively prevents honeybees from being killed by the pesticide. On the other hand, as shown in Table 7, it was confirmed that there was no difference in the number of stink bugs killed between test area 1, where only the pesticide dinotefuran was used, and test area 2, where cinnamyl alcohol, the active ingredient of the honeybee repellent of the present invention, was used in combination with the pesticide dinotefuran. These results demonstrate that the active ingredient of the honeybee repellent of the present invention does not repel the target stink bugs, but can exterminate the target stink bugs and other insects in the same way as when the pesticide is used alone.

[0063] <Test to confirm the effectiveness of combined use with pesticides 2> In order to confirm the effects of pesticides on honeybees and the target stink bugs in combinations different from those in the above "Test 1 to confirm the effectiveness of combined use with pesticides," tests were conducted using the following test samples. (1) Preparation of test samples The bee repellent of the present invention uses carvacrol as the active ingredient and clothianidin or fipronil as the pesticide. As test samples using the honeybee repellent of the present invention in combination with a pesticide, a mixed ethanol solution containing carvacrol and clothianidin (carvacrol 0.1 w / v%, clothianidin 0.01 w / v%) or a mixed ethanol solution containing carvacrol and fipronil (carvacrol 0.1 w / v%, fipronil 0.01 w / v%) was used. As test samples containing only pesticides, a 0.01 w / v% ethanol solution of clothianidin or a 0.01 w / v% ethanol solution of fipronil was used.

[0064] As in the above "Test 1 to confirm the effectiveness of combined use with pesticides," the lethal numbers of 50 honeybees (Western honeybees) and 10 stink bugs (Southern green stink bugs) were confirmed in each of the "untreated area," "test area 1," and "test area 2." Based on the results of the above "Test 1 to confirm the effectiveness of combined use with pesticides," the test was terminated when the lethal number of honeybees in "test area 1" reached approximately half of the number of test individuals. The results for honeybees when clothianidin was used as a pesticide are shown in Table 8 below, and the results for honeybees when fipronil was used are shown in Table 9 below.

[0065] [Table 8] [Table 9]

[0066] As shown in Tables 8 and 9, when carvacrol, the active ingredient of the bee repellent of the present invention, was combined with the pesticides clothianidin or fipronil, just as with the combination of cinnamyl alcohol and dinotefuran in the above-mentioned "Test 1 to confirm the effectiveness of combined use with pesticides," in test area 1, where only the pesticide was used, approximately 60% of the test bees died three hours after the start of the test. However, in test area 2, where the active ingredient of the bee repellent of the present invention was used in combination with the pesticide, the number of bees killed was approximately the same as in the untreated area, which means that the results were considered to be natural deaths. These results also demonstrate that the active ingredient of the honeybee repellent of the present invention, when used in combination with a pesticide, effectively prevents honeybees from being killed by the pesticide. Furthermore, when carvacrol, the active ingredient of the honeybee repellent of the present invention, was combined with the pesticides clothianidin or fipronil, just as with the combination of cinnamyl alcohol and dinotefuran in the above-mentioned "Test 1 to confirm the effectiveness of combined use with pesticides," it was confirmed that there was no difference in the number of stink bugs killed between test area 1, where only the pesticide was used, and test area 2, where the active ingredient of the honeybee repellent of the present invention was used in combination with the pesticide. These results also make clear that the active ingredient of the honeybee repellent of the present invention does not repel the target stink bugs, but can exterminate the target stink bugs and other insects in the same way as when the pesticide is used alone. [Industrial Applicability]

[0067] The honeybee repellent of the present invention exerts a repellent effect on honeybees, and therefore, by incorporating it into pesticides such as trap agents or bait agents for exterminating carnivorous wasps such as hornets and paper wasps, it is possible to prevent honeybees from being attracted to the pesticide and being exterminated, and the effect of exterminating carnivorous wasps such as hornets and paper wasps can be easily obtained. Furthermore, the honeybee repellent of the present invention is useful because, when used in combination with a pesticide applied to agricultural crops, it inhibits honeybees from approaching the applied crops and exhibits the effect of preventing damage caused by honeybees being exterminated due to direct or indirect contact with the pesticide.

Claims

1. A honeybee repellent containing one or more active ingredients selected from furfuryl alcohol, cinnamyl alcohol, 3-methyl-2-butenal, methyl cinnamate, geranyl formate, allyl cyclohexanepropionate, isoquinoline, δ-dodecalactone, and quinoline.

2. A method for repelling honeybees, which uses one or more active ingredients selected from furfuryl alcohol, cinnamyl alcohol, 3-methyl-2-butenal, methyl cinnamate, geranyl formate, allyl cyclohexanepropionate, isoquinoline, δ-dodecalactone, and quinoline.

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