Faster scrolling and selection

Abstract

To provide an electronic device that provides an efficient method and an interface for selecting and scrolling items.SOLUTION: A method with an electronic device having a display and a touch sensitive surface includes: displaying a user interface including a plurality of items via the display; detecting a first input, including each of the number of contacts on the user interface at a location corresponding to a first item of the plurality of items, and performing an action; detecting, by the electronic device, a second input including a first number of contacts at a location on a second item of the plurality of items; and selecting a second item accordingly, without performing an action associated with the second item.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 7

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application claims the benefit of U.S. Patent Application No. 16 / 573,849, filed September 17, 2019, entitled "ACCELERATED SCROLLING AND SELECTION," U.S. Provisional Application No. 62 / 844,015, filed May 6, 2019, entitled "ACCELERATED SCROLLING AND SELECTION," U.S. Provisional Application No. 62 / 834,364, filed April 15, 2019, entitled "ACCELERATED SCROLLING AND SELECTION," and Danish Patent Application No. PA201970513, filed August 12, 2019, entitled "ACCELERATED SCROLLING AND SELECTION," the contents of each of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

[0002] FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE This disclosure relates generally to computer user interfaces, and more particularly to techniques for selecting and scrolling through items. [Background technology]

[0003] Techniques for selecting and scrolling through items for display can be implemented in electronic devices. Summary of the Invention

[0004] However, some techniques for selecting and scrolling through items using electronic devices are generally cumbersome and inefficient. For example, some existing techniques use complex and time-consuming user interfaces that may involve multiple key presses or strokes. Existing techniques take longer than necessary, wasting the user's time and the device's energy. The latter problem is particularly acute in battery-operated devices.

[0005] Thus, the present technology provides electronic devices with faster, more efficient methods and interfaces for selecting and scrolling through items. Such methods and interfaces optionally complement or replace other methods for selecting and scrolling through items. Such methods and interfaces reduce the cognitive burden on users and create a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated computing devices, such methods and interfaces conserve power and extend the time between battery charges.

[0006] A method is described, the method being executed in an electronic device having a display and a touch-sensitive surface. The method includes: displaying a user interface via the display, the user interface including a plurality of items; detecting, while the user interface is in a first mode of operation, a first input including a respective number of contacts on the user interface at a location corresponding to a first item of the plurality of items; in response to detecting the first input, performing an action associated with the first item in accordance with determining that the first input is a stationary input having the first number of contacts; and switching the user interface from the first mode of operation to a second mode of operation without performing the action associated with the first item in accordance with determining that the first input is a stationary input having a second number of contacts different from the first number of contacts; and, while the electronic device is in the second mode of operation, detecting a second input including the first number of contacts at a location on the display corresponding to a second item of the plurality of items; and in response to detecting the second input, selecting the second item without performing the action associated with the second item.

[0007] A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is described. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of an electronic device having a display and a touch-sensitive surface, the one or more programs including instructions for displaying a user interface including a plurality of items via the display, detecting a first input including a respective number of contacts to the user interface at a location corresponding to a first item of the plurality of items while the user interface is in a first operational mode, performing an action associated with the first item in response to detecting the first input, switching the user interface from the first operational mode to a second operational mode without performing the action associated with the first item in response to determining that the first input is a stationary input having a second number of contacts different from the first number of contacts, and detecting a second input including the first number of contacts at a location on the display corresponding to a second item of the plurality of items while the electronic device is in the second operational mode, selecting the second item without performing the action associated with the second item in response to detecting the second input.

[0008] A temporary computer-readable storage medium is described. The temporary computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of an electronic device having a display and a touch-sensitive surface, the one or more programs including instructions for displaying a user interface including a plurality of items via the display, detecting a first input including a respective number of contacts to the user interface at a location corresponding to a first item of the plurality of items while the user interface is in a first operational mode, performing an action associated with the first item in response to detecting the first input, switching the user interface from the first operational mode to a second operational mode without performing the action associated with the first item in response to determining that the first input is a stationary input having a second number of contacts different from the first number of contacts, and detecting a second input including the first number of contacts at a location on the display corresponding to a second item of the plurality of items while the electronic device is in the second operational mode, selecting the second item without performing the action associated with the second item in response to detecting the second input.

[0009] An electronic device is described that includes a display, a touch-sensitive surface, one or more processors, and a memory that stores one or more programs configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs including instructions for: displaying a user interface via the display including a plurality of items; detecting, while the user interface is in a first mode of operation, a first input including a respective number of contacts on the user interface at a location corresponding to a first item of the plurality of items; in response to detecting the first input, performing an action associated with the first item in accordance with determining that the first input is a stationary input having the first number of contacts; switching the user interface from the first mode of operation to a second mode of operation without performing the action associated with the first item in accordance with determining that the first input is a stationary input having a second number of contacts different from the first number of contacts; and detecting, while the electronic device is in the second mode of operation, a second input including the first number of contacts at a location on the display corresponding to a second item of the plurality of items; and in response to detecting the second input, selecting the second item without performing the action associated with the second item.

[0010] An electronic device is described that includes a display, a touch-sensitive surface, and means for displaying a user interface including a plurality of items via the display, means for detecting a first input including a respective number of contacts to the user interface at a location corresponding to a first item of the plurality of items while the user interface is in a first mode of operation, and means for, in response to detecting the first input, performing an action associated with the first item in accordance with a determination that the first input is a stationary input having the first number of contacts, and switching the user interface from the first mode of operation to a second mode of operation without performing the action associated with the first item in accordance with a determination that the first input is a stationary input having a second number of contacts different from the first number of contacts, and means for detecting a second input including the first number of contacts at a location on the display corresponding to a second item of the plurality of items while the electronic device is in the second mode of operation, and means for selecting the second item in response to detecting the second input without performing the action associated with the second item.

[0011] A method is described. The method is executed in an electronic device having a display and a touch-sensitive surface. The method includes displaying a user interface including a plurality of items via the display, detecting a first input at a location on the display corresponding to a first item of the plurality of items, changing a selection state of the first item in response to detecting the first input at the location on the display corresponding to the first item, detecting a second input corresponding to a request to scroll the user interface after changing the selection state of the first item, and in response to detecting the second input, changing the selection state of one or more items while scrolling the plurality of items in accordance with a determination that the first input is not maintained on the display, and scrolling the plurality of items without changing the selection state of one or more items of the plurality of items in accordance with a determination that the first input is not maintained on the display.

[0012] A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is described. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of an electronic device having a display and a touch-sensitive surface, the one or more programs including instructions for displaying a user interface including a plurality of items via the display, detecting a first input at a location on the display corresponding to a first item of the plurality of items, changing a selection state of the first item in response to detecting the first input at the location on the display corresponding to the first item, detecting a second input corresponding to a request to scroll the user interface after changing the selection state of the first item, changing the selection state of one or more items while scrolling the plurality of items in response to detecting the second input in accordance with a determination that the first input is maintained on the display, and scrolling the plurality of items without changing the selection state of one or more items of the plurality of items in accordance with a determination that the first input is not maintained on the display.

[0013] A transient computer-readable storage medium is described, the transient computer-readable storage medium storing one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of an electronic device having a display and a touch-sensitive surface, the one or more programs including instructions for displaying a user interface including a plurality of items via the display, detecting a first input at a location on the display corresponding to a first item of the plurality of items, changing a selection state of the first item in response to detecting the first input at the location on the display corresponding to the first item, detecting a second input corresponding to a request to scroll the user interface after changing the selection state of the first item, changing the selection state of one or more items while scrolling the plurality of items in response to detecting the second input in accordance with a determination that the first input is maintained on the display, and scrolling the plurality of items without changing the selection state of one or more items of the plurality of items in accordance with a determination that the first input is not maintained on the display.

[0014] An electronic device is described that includes a display, a touch-sensitive surface, one or more processors, and a memory that stores one or more programs configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs including instructions for displaying a user interface via the display that includes a plurality of items, detecting a first input at a location on the display that corresponds to a first item of the plurality of items, changing a selection state of the first item in response to detecting the first input at the location on the display that corresponds to the first item, detecting a second input that corresponds to a request to scroll the user interface after changing the selection state of the first item, changing the selection state of one or more items while scrolling the plurality of items in response to detecting the second input in accordance with a determination that the first input is maintained on the display, and scrolling the plurality of items without changing the selection state of one or more items of the plurality of items in accordance with a determination that the first input is not maintained on the display.

[0015] An electronic device is described that includes a display, a touch-sensitive surface, means for displaying a user interface including a plurality of items via the display, means for detecting a first input at a location on the display corresponding to a first item of the plurality of items, means for changing a selection state of the first item in response to detecting the first input at a location on the display corresponding to the first item, means for detecting a second input corresponding to a request to scroll the user interface after changing the selection state of the first item, and means for, in response to detecting the second input, changing the selection state of one or more items while scrolling the plurality of items in accordance with a determination that the first input is maintained on the display, and scrolling the plurality of items without changing the selection state of one or more items of the plurality of items in accordance with a determination that the first input is not maintained on the display.

[0016] A method is described, the method being executed in an electronic device having a display and a touch-sensitive surface. The method includes: displaying a user interface via the display; detecting a first input corresponding to a request to scroll the user interface; scrolling the user interface and displaying a scrolling progress indicator in response to detecting the first input; detecting a second input including a first portion that is substantially stationary and a second portion that includes subsequent movement in a first direction while the scrolling progress indicator is displayed; and in response to detecting the second input, scrolling the user interface in a first manner based on movement of contact on the second portion of the second input in accordance with a determination that the first portion of the second input is directed toward the scrolling progress indicator and does not satisfy a first criterion, and scrolling the user interface in a second manner different from the first manner based on movement of contact on the second portion of the second input in accordance with a determination that the first portion of the second input is directed toward the scrolling progress indicator and satisfies the first criterion.

[0017] A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is described. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of an electronic device having a display and a touch-sensitive surface, the one or more programs including instructions for displaying a user interface via the display, detecting a first input corresponding to a request to scroll the user interface, scrolling the user interface and displaying a scrolling progress indicator in response to detecting the first input, detecting a second input including a first portion that remains substantially stationary and a second portion that includes subsequent movement in a first direction while the scrolling progress indicator is displayed, scrolling the user interface in a first manner based on movement of contact at the second portion of the second input in response to detecting the second input in accordance with a determination that the first portion of the second input is directed toward the scrolling progress indicator and does not satisfy a first criterion, and scrolling the user interface in a second manner that is based on movement of contact at the second portion of the second input but that is different from the first manner in accordance with a determination that the first portion of the second input is directed toward the scrolling progress indicator and satisfies the first criterion.

[0018] A temporary computer-readable storage medium is described, the temporary computer-readable storage medium storing one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of an electronic device having a display and a touch-sensitive surface, the one or more programs including instructions for displaying a user interface via the display, detecting a first input corresponding to a request to scroll the user interface, scrolling the user interface and displaying a scrolling progress indicator in response to detecting the first input, detecting a second input including a first portion that remains substantially stationary and a second portion that includes subsequent movement in a first direction while the scrolling progress indicator is displayed, scrolling the user interface in a first manner based on movement of contact at the second portion of the second input in response to detecting the second input in accordance with a determination that the first portion of the second input is directed toward the scrolling progress indicator and does not satisfy a first criterion, and scrolling the user interface in a second manner that is based on movement of contact at the second portion of the second input but that is different from the first manner in accordance with a determination that the first portion of the second input is directed toward the scrolling progress indicator and satisfies the first criterion.

[0019] An electronic device is described that includes a display, a touch-sensitive surface, one or more processors, and a memory that stores one or more programs configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs including instructions for displaying a user interface via the display, detecting a first input corresponding to a request to scroll the user interface, scrolling the user interface and displaying a scrolling progress indicator in response to detecting the first input, detecting a second input including a first portion that is substantially stationary and a second portion that includes subsequent movement in a first direction while the scrolling progress indicator is displayed, scrolling the user interface in a first manner based on movement of contact at the second portion of the second input in response to detecting the second input and in accordance with a determination that the first portion of the second input is directed toward the scrolling progress indicator and does not satisfy a first criterion, and scrolling the user interface in a second manner that is based on movement of contact at the second portion of the second input but that is different from the first manner in accordance with a determination that the first portion of the second input is directed toward the scrolling progress indicator and satisfies the first criterion.

[0020] An electronic device is described that includes a display, a touch-sensitive surface, means for displaying a user interface via the display, means for detecting a first input corresponding to a request to scroll the user interface, means for scrolling the user interface and displaying a scrolling progress indicator in response to detecting the first input, means for detecting a second input including a first portion that is substantially stationary and a second portion that includes subsequent movement in a first direction while the scrolling progress indicator is displayed, and means for scrolling the user interface in a first manner based on movement of contact at the second portion of the second input in response to detecting the second input and in accordance with a determination that the first portion of the second input is directed toward the scrolling progress indicator and does not satisfy a first criterion, and means for scrolling the user interface in a second manner based on movement of contact at the second portion of the second input but different from the first manner in accordance with a determination that the first portion of the second input is directed toward the scrolling progress indicator and satisfies the first criterion.

[0021] Executable instructions to perform these functions are optionally contained in a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium or other computer program product configured to be executed by one or more processors. Executable instructions to perform these functions are optionally contained in a transitory computer-readable storage medium or other computer program product configured to be executed by one or more processors.

[0022] This provides devices with faster, more efficient methods and interfaces for selecting and scrolling through items, thereby increasing the effectiveness, efficiency, and user satisfaction of such devices. Such methods and interfaces can complement or replace other methods for selecting and scrolling through items. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0023] For a better understanding of the various described embodiments, reference should be made to the following Detailed Description of the Invention in conjunction with the following drawings, in which like reference numerals refer to corresponding parts throughout:

[0024] [Figure 1A] FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a portable multifunction device having a touch-sensitive display in accordance with some embodiments.

[0025] [Figure 1B] FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating exemplary components for event processing according to some embodiments.

[0026] [Figure 2] 1 illustrates a portable multifunction device with a touch screen according to some embodiments.

[0027] [Figure 3] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an exemplary multifunction device with a display and a touch-sensitive surface in accordance with some embodiments.

[0028] [Figure 4A] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for a menu of applications on a portable multifunction device in accordance with some embodiments.

[0029] [Figure 4B] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for a multifunction device having a touch-sensitive surface that is separate from the display in accordance with some embodiments.

[0030] [Figure 5A] 1 illustrates a personal electronic device according to some embodiments.

[0031] [Figure 5B] FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a personal electronic device according to some embodiments.

[0032] [Figure 6A] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for selecting and scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 6B] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for selecting and scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 6C] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for selecting and scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 6D] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for selecting and scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 6E] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for selecting and scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 6F] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for selecting and scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 6G] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for selecting and scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 6H] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for selecting and scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 6I] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for selecting and scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 6J] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for selecting and scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 6K] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for selecting and scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 6L] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for selecting and scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 6M] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for selecting and scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 6N]1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for selecting and scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 6O] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for selecting and scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 6P] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for selecting and scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 6Q] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for selecting and scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 6R] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for selecting and scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 6S] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for selecting and scrolling through items according to some embodiments.

[0033] [Figure 7] FIG. 1 is a flow diagram illustrating a method for selecting and scrolling through items according to some embodiments.

[0034] [Figure 8A] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for selecting and scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 8B] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for selecting and scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 8C] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for selecting and scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 8D] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for selecting and scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 8E] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for selecting and scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 8F]1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for selecting and scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 8G] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for selecting and scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 8H] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for selecting and scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 8I] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for selecting and scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 8J] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for selecting and scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 8K] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for selecting and scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 8L] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for selecting and scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 8M] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for selecting and scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 8N] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for selecting and scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 8O] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for selecting and scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 8P] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for selecting and scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 8Q] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for selecting and scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 8R] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for selecting and scrolling through items according to some embodiments.

[0035] [Figure 9] FIG. 1 is a flow diagram illustrating a method for selecting and scrolling through items according to some embodiments.

[0036] [Figure 10A] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 10B] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 10C] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 10D] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 10E] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 10F] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 10G] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 10H] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 10I] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 10J] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 10K] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 10L] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 10M]1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 10N] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 10O] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 10P] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 10Q] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 10R] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 10S] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 10T] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 10U] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 10V] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for scrolling through items according to some embodiments. [Figure 10W] 1 illustrates an exemplary user interface for scrolling through items according to some embodiments.

[0037] [Figure 11] FIG. 1 is a flow diagram illustrating a method for scrolling through items according to some embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0038] The following description describes example methods, parameters, etc. However, it should be recognized that such description is not intended as a limitation on the scope of the present disclosure, but is instead provided as a description of example embodiments.

[0039] There is a need for electronic devices that provide efficient methods and interfaces for selecting and scrolling through items. For example, items in a list, such as a list of emails, can be scrolled and selected (e.g., to perform actions such as moving or deleting emails) using the disclosed techniques. Such techniques can reduce the cognitive burden on a user to select and scroll through items, thereby increasing productivity. Furthermore, such techniques can reduce processor and battery power that would otherwise be wasted on redundant user input.

[0040] 1A-1B, 2, 3, 4A-4B, and 5A-5B below describe exemplary devices that perform techniques for selecting and scrolling through items. FIGS. 6A-6S illustrate exemplary user interfaces for selecting and scrolling through items. FIG. 7 is a flow diagram illustrating a method for selecting and scrolling through items according to some embodiments. The user interfaces of FIGS. 6A-6S are used to illustrate processes described below, including the process of FIG. 7. FIGS. 8A-8R illustrate exemplary user interfaces for selecting and scrolling through items. FIG. 9 is a flow diagram illustrating a method for selecting and scrolling through items according to some embodiments. The user interfaces of FIGS. 8A-8R are used to illustrate processes described below, including the process of FIG. 9. FIGS. 10A-10W illustrate exemplary user interfaces for scrolling through items. FIG. 11 is a flow diagram illustrating a method for scrolling through items according to some embodiments. The user interfaces of FIGS. 10A-10W are used to illustrate processes described below, including the process of FIG. 11.

[0041] In the following description, terms such as "first" and "second" are used to describe various elements, but these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used only to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first touch can be referred to as a second touch, and similarly, a second touch can be referred to as a first touch, without departing from the scope of the various embodiments described. Although a first touch and a second touch are both touches, they are not the same touch.

[0042] The terminology used in the description of various embodiments set forth herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. In the description of the various embodiments set forth and in the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Also, as used herein, the term "and / or" should be understood to refer to and include any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. It will be further understood that the terms "includes," "including," "comprises," and / or "comprising," as used herein, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0043] The term "if" is interpreted, optionally, depending on the context, to mean "when" or "upon," or "in response to determining" or "in response to detecting." Similarly, the phrases "if it is determined" or "if [a stated condition or event] is detected" are interpreted, optionally, depending on the context, to mean "upon determining" or "in response to determining," or "upon detecting [the stated condition or event]" or "in response to detecting [the stated condition or event]."

[0044] Embodiments of electronic devices, user interfaces for such devices, and associated processes for using such devices are described. In some embodiments, the device is a portable communication device, such as a mobile phone, that also includes other functions, such as PDA and / or music player functions. Exemplary embodiments of portable multifunction devices include, but are not limited to, the iPhone®, iPod Touch®, and iPad® devices from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, California. Optionally, other portable electronic devices, such as laptop or tablet computers with touch-sensitive surfaces (e.g., touchscreen displays and / or touchpads), are also used. It should also be understood that in some embodiments, the device is not a portable communication device, but rather a desktop computer with a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touchscreen displays and / or touchpads).

[0045] In the following discussion, electronic devices are described that include a display and a touch-sensitive surface, however, it should be understood that the electronic device optionally includes one or more other physical user-interface devices, such as a physical keyboard, a mouse, and / or a joystick.

[0046] The device typically supports a variety of applications such as one or more of a drawing application, a presentation application, a word processing application, a website creation application, a disc authoring application, a spreadsheet application, a gaming application, a telephone application, a video conferencing application, an email application, an instant messaging application, a training support application, a photo management application, a digital camera application, a digital video camera application, a web browsing application, a digital music player application, and / or a digital video player application.

[0047] Various applications running on the device optionally use at least one common physical user-interface device, such as a touch-sensitive surface. One or more features of the touch-sensitive surface and corresponding information displayed on the device are optionally adjusted and / or changed for each application and / or within each application. In this way, the common physical architecture of the device (such as the touch-sensitive surface) optionally supports various applications with user interfaces that are intuitive and transparent to the user.

[0048] Attention now turns to embodiments of portable devices with touch-sensitive displays. FIG. 1A is a block diagram illustrating portable multifunction device 100 having touch-sensitive display system 112 according to some embodiments. Touch-sensitive display 112 may conveniently be referred to as a “touch screen” and may also be known or referred to as a “touch-sensitive display system.” Device 100 includes memory 102 (optionally including one or more computer-readable storage media), memory controller 122, one or more processing units (CPUs) 120, peripherals interface 118, RF circuitry 108, audio circuitry 110, speaker 111, microphone 113, input / output (I / O) subsystem 106, other input control devices 116, and external port 124. Device 100 optionally includes one or more optical sensors 164. Device 100 optionally includes one or more contact intensity sensors 165 that detect the intensity of a contact on device 100 (e.g., a touch-sensitive surface such as touch-sensitive display system 112 of device 100). Device 100 optionally includes one or more tactile output generators 167 that generate tactile output on device 100 (e.g., generate tactile output on a touch-sensitive surface such as touch-sensitive display system 112 of device 100 or touchpad 355 of device 300). These components optionally communicate via one or more communication buses or signal lines 103.

[0049] As used herein and in the claims, the term “intensity” of a contact on a touch-sensitive surface refers to the force or pressure (force per unit area) of a contact (e.g., a finger contact) on the touch-sensitive surface, or a proxy for the force or pressure of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface. The intensity of a contact has a range of values ​​that includes at least four distinct values ​​and more typically includes hundreds (e.g., at least 256) distinct values. The intensity of a contact is optionally determined (or measured) using various techniques and various sensors or combinations of sensors. For example, one or more force sensors under or adjacent to the touch-sensitive surface are optionally used to measure force at various points on the touch-sensitive surface. In some implementations, force measurements from multiple force sensors are combined (e.g., weighted average) to determine an estimated force of the contact. Similarly, a pressure-sensitive tip of a stylus is optionally used to determine the pressure of the stylus on the touch-sensitive surface. Alternatively, the size and / or change in the contact area detected on the touch-sensitive surface, the capacitance and / or change in the capacitance of the touch-sensitive surface proximate the contact, and / or the resistance and / or change in the capacitance of the touch-sensitive surface proximate the contact are optionally used as a surrogate for the force or pressure of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface. In some implementations, the surrogate measure for the force or pressure of the contact is used directly to determine whether an intensity threshold has been exceeded (e.g., the intensity threshold is stated in units corresponding to the surrogate measure). In some implementations, the surrogate measure for the contact force or pressure is converted to an estimated force or pressure, and the estimated force or pressure is used to determine whether an intensity threshold has been exceeded (e.g., the intensity threshold is a pressure threshold measured in units of pressure). Using contact intensity as an attribute of user input allows a user to access additional device functionality that may not otherwise be accessible by a user on devices of reduced size that have limited area for displaying affordances (e.g., on a touch-sensitive display) and / or receiving user input (e.g., via a touch-sensitive display, touch-sensitive surface, or physical / mechanical controls such as knobs or buttons).

[0050] As used herein and in the claims, the term “tactile output” refers to a physical displacement of a device relative to its previous position, a physical displacement of a component of the device (e.g., a touch-sensitive surface) relative to another component of the device (e.g., a housing), or a displacement of a component relative to the center of mass of the device, that will be detected by a user with the user's sense of touch. For example, in a situation where a device or a component of a device is in contact with a touch-sensitive surface of a user (e.g., the fingers, palm, or other part of the user's hand), the tactile output produced by the physical displacement will be interpreted by the user as a tactile sensation corresponding to a perceived change in a physical property of the device or a component of the device. For example, movement of a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touch-sensitive display or trackpad) is optionally interpreted by the user as a “downclick” or “upclick” of a physical actuator button. In some cases, a user feels a tactile sensation such as a “downclick” or “upclick” even when no movement of a physical actuator button associated with the touch-sensitive surface is physically pressed (e.g., displaced) by the user's action. As another example, movement of a touch-sensitive surface is optionally interpreted or perceived by a user as "roughness" of the touch-sensitive surface, even when there is no change in the smoothness of the touch-sensitive surface. While such user interpretation of touch depends on the user's personal sensory perception, there are many sensory perceptions of touch that are common to the majority of users. Thus, when a tactile output is described as corresponding to a particular sensory perception of a user (e.g., "upclick," "downclick," "roughness"), unless otherwise specified, the generated tactile output corresponds to a physical displacement of the device, or a component of the device, that produces the described sensory perception for a typical (or average) user.

[0051] It should be understood that device 100 is only one example of a portable multifunction device, and that device 100 optionally has more or fewer components than those shown, optionally combines two or more components, or optionally has a different configuration or arrangement of its components. The various components shown in Figure 1A are implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of both hardware and software, including one or more signal processing circuits and / or application specific integrated circuits.

[0052] Memory 102 optionally includes high-speed random access memory, and optionally includes non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid-state memory devices. Memory controller 122 optionally controls access to memory 102 by other components of device 100.

[0053] Peripheral interface 118 may be used to couple input and output peripherals of the device to CPU 120 and memory 102. One or more processors 120 operate or execute various software programs and / or instruction sets stored in memory 102 to perform various functions and process data for device 100. In some embodiments, peripheral interface 118, CPU 120, and memory controller 122 are optionally implemented on a single chip, such as chip 104. In some other embodiments, they are optionally implemented on separate chips.

[0054] RF (radio frequency) circuitry 108 transmits and receives RF signals, also called electromagnetic signals. RF circuitry 108 converts electrical signals to or from electromagnetic signals and communicates with communication networks and other communication devices via electromagnetic signals. RF circuitry 108 optionally includes well-known circuitry for performing these functions, including, but not limited to, an antenna system, an RF transceiver, one or more amplifiers, a tuner, one or more oscillators, a digital signal processor, a CODEC chipset, a subscriber identity module (SIM) card, memory, etc. RF circuitry 108 optionally communicates wirelessly with networks, such as the Internet, also known as the World Wide Web (WWW), an intranet, and / or wireless networks, such as cellular telephone networks, wireless local area networks (LANs) and / or metropolitan area networks (MANs), and with other devices. RF circuitry 108 optionally includes well-known circuitry for detecting near field communication (NFC) fields, such as by short-range radios. Wireless communication optionally includes, but is not limited to, Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Enhanced Data GSM Environment (EDGE), high-speed downlink packet access (HSDPA), high-speed uplink packet access (HSUPA), Evolution, Data-Only (EV-DO), HSPA, HSPA+, Dual-Cell HSPA (DC-HSPA), Long Term Evolution (LTE), and other wireless technologies.Wireless technology includes, but is not limited to, technology such as: LTE evolution, near field communication (NFC), wideband code division multiple access (W-CDMA), code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), Bluetooth®, Bluetooth Low Energy (BTLE®), Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi®) (e.g., IEEE 802.11a, IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g, IEEE 802.11n, and / or IEEE 802.11ac), voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), Wi-MAX®, protocols for email (e.g., Internet message access protocol (IMAP) and / or post office protocol (POP)), instant messaging (e.g., extensible messaging and presence protocol), and the like. protocol (XMPP), Session Initiation Protocol for Instant Messaging and Presence Leveraging Extensions (SIMPLE), Instant Messaging and Presence Service (IMPS), and / or Short Message Service (SMSP)The present invention may use any of a number of communication standards, protocols, and technologies, including the following:

[0055] Audio circuit 110, speaker 111, and microphone 113 provide an audio interface between a user and device 100. Audio circuit 110 receives audio data from peripherals interface 118, converts the audio data into electrical signals, and transmits the electrical signals to speaker 111. Speaker 111 converts the electrical signals into sound waves audible to humans. Audio circuit 110 also receives electrical signals converted from sound waves by microphone 113. Audio circuit 110 converts the electrical signals into audio data and transmits the audio data to peripherals interface 118 for processing. The audio data is optionally retrieved from and / or transmitted to memory 102 and / or RF circuit 108 by peripherals interface 118. In some embodiments, audio circuit 110 also includes a headset jack (e.g., 212 in FIG. 2 ). The headset jack provides an interface between audio circuitry 110 and a detachable audio input / output peripheral, such as an output-only headphone or a headset with both an output (e.g., single or double ear headphones) and an input (e.g., a microphone).

[0056] I / O subsystem 106 couples input / output peripherals on device 100, such as touchscreen 112 and other input control devices 116, to peripheral interface 118. I / O subsystem 106 optionally includes display controller 156, light sensor controller 158, depth camera controller 169, intensity sensor controller 159, haptic feedback controller 161, and one or more input controllers 160 for other input or control devices. One or more input controllers 160 receive / send electrical signals from / to other input control devices 116. Other input control devices 116 optionally include physical buttons (e.g., push buttons, rocker buttons, etc.), dials, slider switches, joysticks, click wheels, etc. In some alternative embodiments, input controller 160 is optionally coupled to any (or none) of a keyboard, an infrared port, a USB port, and a pointer device such as a mouse. The one or more buttons (e.g., 208 in FIG. 2) optionally include up and down buttons for volume control of speaker 111 and / or microphone 113. The one or more buttons optionally include a push button (e.g., 206 in FIG. 2).

[0057] As described in U.S. Patent Application No. 11 / 322,549, filed December 23, 2005, "Unlocking a Device by Performing Gestures on an Unlock Image," U.S. Patent No. 7,657,849, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, a quick press of the push button optionally disengages a lock on the touchscreen 112 or, optionally, initiates a process to unlock the device using a gesture on the touchscreen. A longer press of a push button (e.g., 206) optionally turns power on or off to the device 100. The functionality of one or more of the buttons is optionally customizable by the user. The touchscreen 112 is used to implement virtual or soft buttons and one or more soft keyboards.

[0058] Touch-sensitive display 112 provides an input and output interface between the device and a user. Display controller 156 receives and / or sends electrical signals to touchscreen 112. Touchscreen 112 displays visual output to the user. This visual output optionally includes graphics, text, icons, video, and any combination thereof (collectively "graphics"). In some embodiments, some or all of the visual output optionally corresponds to user-interface objects.

[0059] Touchscreen 112 has a touch-sensitive surface, sensor, or set of sensors that accepts input from a user based on haptic and / or tactile contact. Touchscreen 112 and display controller 156 (along with any associated modules and / or instruction sets in memory 102) detects contacts (and any movement or cessation of contact) on touchscreen 112 and translates the detected contacts into interactions with user interface objects (e.g., one or more softkeys, icons, web pages, or images) displayed on touchscreen 112. In an exemplary embodiment, the point of contact between touchscreen 112 and the user corresponds to the user's finger.

[0060] Touchscreen 112 optionally uses LCD (liquid crystal display), LPD (light emitting polymer display), or LED (light emitting diode) technology, although other display technologies are used in other embodiments. Touchscreen 112 and display controller 156 optionally detect contact and any movement or disruption thereof using any of a number of now known or later developed touch sensing technologies, including, but not limited to, capacitive, resistive, infrared, and surface acoustic wave technologies, as well as other proximity sensor arrays or other elements that determine one or more points of contact with touchscreen 112. In an exemplary embodiment, projected mutual capacitance sensing technology is used, such as that found in the iPhone® and iPod Touch® from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, California.

[0061] The touch-sensitive display in some embodiments of touchscreen 112 is optionally similar to the multi-touch-sensing touchpad described in U.S. Patent Nos. 6,323,846 (Westerman et al.), 6,570,557 (Westerman et al.), and / or 6,677,932 (Westerman), and / or U.S. Patent Publication No. 2002 / 0015024 (A1), each of which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. However, touchscreen 112 displays visual output from device 100, whereas touch-sensitive touchpads do not provide visual output.

[0062] The touch-sensitive display in some embodiments of touch screen 112 may be any of the touch-sensitive displays described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11 / 381,313, filed May 2, 2006, entitled "Multipoint Touch Surface Controller," (2) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10 / 840,862, filed May 6, 2004, entitled "Multipoint Touchscreen," (3) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10 / 903,964, filed July 30, 2004, entitled "Gestures For Touch Sensitive Input Devices," (4) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11 / 048,264, filed January 31, 2005, entitled "Gestures For Touch Sensitive Input Devices," and (5) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11 / 038,590, filed January 18, 2005, entitled "Mode-Based Graphical User Interfaces For Touch Sensitive Input Devices." No. 11 / 228,758, filed September 16, 2005, entitled "Virtual Input Device Placement On A Touch Screen User Interface," (7) U.S. Patent Application No. 11 / 228,700, filed September 16, 2005, entitled "Operation Of A Computer With A Touch Screen Interface," (8) U.S. Patent Application No. 11 / 228,737, filed September 16, 2005, entitled "Activating Virtual Keys Of A Touch-Screen Virtual Keyboard," and (9) U.S. Patent Application No. 11 / 367,749, filed March 3, 2006, entitled "Multi-Functional Hand-Held Device," all of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

[0063] Touchscreen 112 optionally has a video resolution greater than 100 dpi. In some embodiments, the touchscreen has a video resolution of approximately 160 dpi. A user optionally contacts touchscreen 112 using any suitable object or accessory, such as a stylus, a finger, or the like. In some embodiments, the user interface is designed to primarily handle finger-based contacts and gestures, which may not be as precise as stylus-based input due to the larger contact area of ​​a finger on the touchscreen. In some embodiments, the device translates the coarse finger input into precise pointer / cursor positions or commands to perform the action desired by the user.

[0064] In some embodiments, in addition to the touchscreen, device 100 optionally includes a touchpad for activating or deactivating certain functions. In some embodiments, the touchpad is a touch-sensitive area of ​​the device that, unlike the touchscreen, does not display visual output. The touchpad is optionally a touch-sensitive surface that is separate from touchscreen 112 or an extension of the touch-sensitive surface formed by the touchscreen.

[0065] Device 100 also includes a power system 162 that provides power to the various components. Power system 162 optionally includes a power management system, one or more power sources (e.g., battery, alternating current (AC)), a recharging system, power failure detection circuitry, power converters or inverters, power status indicators (e.g., light emitting diodes (LEDs)), and any other components associated with the generation, management, and distribution of electrical power within a portable device.

[0066] Device 100 also optionally includes one or more light sensors 164. FIG. 1A shows a light sensor coupled to light sensor controller 158 in I / O subsystem 106. Light sensor 164 optionally includes a charge-coupled device (CCD) or a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) phototransistor. Light sensor 164 receives light from the environment projected through one or more lenses and converts the light into data representing an image. Light sensor 164 optionally interfaces with imaging module 143 (also referred to as a camera module) to capture still images or video. In some embodiments, the light sensor is located on the back of device 100, as opposed to touchscreen display 112, which is on the front of the device, so that the touchscreen display is effectively used as a viewfinder for capturing still and / or video images. In some embodiments, the light sensor is located on the front of the device so that an image of the user is obtained, optionally for video conferencing, and the user sees other video conference participants on the touchscreen display. In some embodiments, the position of the light sensor 164 can be changed by the user (e.g., by rotating the lens and sensor within the device housing), so that a single light sensor 164 is used for both video conferencing and capturing still and / or video images, along with the touchscreen display.

[0067] Device 100 also optionally includes one or more depth camera sensors 175. FIG. 1A shows a depth camera sensor coupled to depth camera controller 169 in I / O subsystem 106. Depth camera sensor 175 receives data from the environment and creates a three-dimensional model of an object (e.g., a face) in a scene from a viewpoint (e.g., the depth camera sensor). In some embodiments, in conjunction with imaging module 143 (also referred to as a camera module), depth camera sensor 175 is optionally used to determine a depth map of various portions of an image captured by imaging module 143. In some embodiments, a depth camera sensor is located on the front of device 100 so that images of the user with depth information are optionally obtained for videoconferences and to capture selfie images with depth map data while the user views other videoconference participants on a touchscreen display. In some embodiments, depth camera sensor 175 is located on the back of the device or on both the back and front of device 100. In some embodiments, the position of the depth camera sensor 175 can be changed by the user (e.g., by rotating the lens and sensor within the device housing), so that the depth camera sensor 175 is used for both video conferencing and capturing still and / or video images, along with a touchscreen display.

[0068] Device 100 also optionally includes one or more contact intensity sensors 165. FIG. 1A shows contact intensity sensors coupled to intensity sensor controller 159 in I / O subsystem 106. Contact intensity sensors 165 optionally include one or more piezoresistive strain gauges, capacitive force sensors, electric force sensors, piezoelectric force sensors, optical force sensors, capacitive touch-sensitive surfaces, or other intensity sensors (e.g., sensors used to measure the force (or pressure) of a contact on a touch-sensitive surface). Contact intensity sensors 165 receive contact intensity information (e.g., pressure information, or a proxy for pressure information) from the environment. In some embodiments, at least one contact intensity sensor is juxtaposed with or proximate to the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitive display system 112). In some embodiments, at least one contact intensity sensor is located on the back of device 100, opposite touchscreen display 112, which is located on the front of device 100.

[0069] Device 100 also optionally includes one or more proximity sensors 166. Figure 1A shows proximity sensor 166 coupled to peripherals interface 118. Alternatively, proximity sensor 166 is optionally coupled to input controller 160 within I / O subsystem 106. Proximity sensor 166 optionally functions as described in U.S. patent application Ser. Nos. 11 / 241,839, "Proximity Detector In Handheld Device," 11 / 240,788, "Proximity Detector In Handheld Device," 11 / 620,702, "Using Ambient Light Sensor To Augment Proximity Sensor Output," 11 / 586,862, "Automated Response To And Sensing Of User Activity In Portable Devices," and 11 / 638,251, "Methods And Systems For Automatic Configuration Of Peripherals," which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. In some embodiments, the proximity sensor turns off and disables touchscreen 112 when the multifunction device is placed near the user's ear (e.g., when the user is on a phone call).

[0070] Device 100 also optionally includes one or more tactile output generators 167. FIG. 1A shows tactile output generators coupled to haptic feedback controller 161 in I / O subsystem 106. Tactile output generator 167 optionally includes one or more electroacoustic devices, such as speakers or other audio components, and / or electromechanical devices that convert energy into linear motion, such as motors, solenoids, electroactive polymers, piezoelectric actuators, electrostatic actuators, or other tactile output generating components (e.g., components that convert electrical signals into tactile output on the device). Contact intensity sensor 165 receives tactile feedback generation instructions from haptic feedback module 133 and generates a tactile output on device 100 that can be sensed by a user of device 100. In some embodiments, at least one tactile output generator is located on or proximate to a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitive display system 112) and, optionally, generates a tactile output by moving the touch-sensitive surface vertically (e.g., in / out of the surface of device 100) or horizontally (e.g., back and forth in the same plane as the surface of device 100). In some embodiments, at least one tactile output generator sensor is located on the back of device 100, opposite touchscreen display 112, which is located on the front of device 100.

[0071] Device 100 also optionally includes one or more accelerometers 168. FIG. 1A shows accelerometer 168 coupled to peripherals interface 118. Alternatively, accelerometer 168 is optionally coupled to input controller 160 within I / O subsystem 106. Accelerometer 168 optionally functions as described in U.S. Patent Publication No. 20050190059, "Acceleration-based Theft Detection System for Portable Electronic Devices," and U.S. Patent Publication No. 20060017692, "Methods And Apparatuses For Operating A Portable Device Based On An Accelerometer," both of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. In some embodiments, information is displayed on the touchscreen display in portrait or landscape view based on analysis of data received from the one or more accelerometers. In addition to the accelerometer 168, the device 100 optionally includes a magnetometer and a GPS (or GLONASS or other global navigation system) receiver for obtaining information about the location and orientation (e.g., vertical or horizontal) of the device 100.

[0072] In some embodiments, software components stored in memory 102 include operating system 126, communications module (or instruction set) 128, touch / motion module (or instruction set) 130, graphics module (or instruction set) 132, text input module (or instruction set) 134, Global Positioning System (GPS) module (or instruction set) 135, and applications (or instruction set) 136. Additionally, in some embodiments, memory 102 (FIG. 1A) or 370 (FIG. 3) stores device / global internal state 157, as shown in FIGS. 1A and 3. Device / global internal state 157 includes one or more of: active application state indicating which applications, if any, are currently active; display state indicating which applications, views, or other information occupy various regions of touchscreen display 112; sensor state including information obtained from the device's various sensors and input control devices 116; and location information regarding the device's position and / or orientation.

[0073] Operating system 126 (e.g., Darwin®, RTXC®, LINUX®, UNIX®, OS X®, iOS®, WINDOWS®, or an embedded operating system such as VxWorks®) includes various software components and / or drivers that control and manage normal system tasks (e.g., memory management, storage device control, power management, etc.) and facilitate communication between various hardware and software components.

[0074] Communications module 128 facilitates communication with other devices via one or more external ports 124 and also includes various software components for processing data received by RF circuitry 108 and / or external port 124. External port 124 (e.g., Universal Serial Bus (USB), FIREWIRE®, etc.) is adapted to couple to other devices directly or indirectly via a network (e.g., the Internet, wireless LAN, etc.). In some embodiments, the external port is a multi-pin (e.g., 30-pin) connector that is the same as, similar to, and / or compatible with the 30-pin connector used on iPod® (trademark of Apple Inc.) devices.

[0075] Contact / motion module 130 optionally detects contact with touchscreen 112 (in conjunction with display controller 156) and other touch-sensing devices (e.g., a touchpad or physical click wheel). Contact / motion module 130 includes various software components for performing various operations related to contact detection, such as determining whether contact occurs (e.g., detecting a finger-down event), determining the intensity of the contact (e.g., the force or pressure of the contact, or a surrogate for the force or pressure of the contact), determining whether there is contact movement and tracking the movement across the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., detecting one or more finger-drag events), and determining whether the contact has stopped (e.g., detecting a finger-up event or an interruption of the contact). Contact / motion module 130 receives contact data from the touch-sensitive surface. Determining the movement of the contact point, as represented by the series of contact data, optionally includes determining the speed (magnitude), velocity (magnitude and direction), and / or acceleration (change in magnitude and / or direction) of the contact point. These actions are optionally applied to a single contact (e.g., a single finger contact) or multiple simultaneous contacts (e.g., "multi-touch" / multiple finger contacts). In some embodiments, contact / motion module 130 and display controller 156 detect contacts on the touchpad.

[0076] In some embodiments, contact / motion module 130 uses a set of one or more intensity thresholds for determining whether an action has been performed by a user (e.g., for determining whether a user has “clicked” on an icon). In some embodiments, at least a subset of the intensity thresholds are determined according to software parameters (e.g., the intensity thresholds are not determined by the activation threshold of a particular physical actuator, but can be adjusted without changing the physical hardware of device 100). For example, the mouse “click” threshold of a trackpad or touchscreen display can be set to any of a wide range of pre-defined thresholds without changing the trackpad or touchscreen display hardware. Additionally, in some implementations, a device user is provided with software settings to adjust one or more of the set of intensity thresholds (e.g., by adjusting individual intensity thresholds and / or multiple intensity thresholds at once via a system-level click “intensity” parameter).

[0077] Contact / motion module 130 optionally detects gesture input by a user. Different gestures on the touch-sensitive surface have different contact patterns (e.g., different movements, timing, and / or intensities of detected contacts). Thus, gestures are optionally detected by detecting particular contact patterns. For example, detecting a finger tap gesture includes detecting a finger down event, followed by detecting a finger up (lift off) event at the same location (or substantially the same location) as the finger down event (e.g., the location of an icon). As another example, detecting a finger swipe gesture on the touch-sensitive surface includes detecting a finger down event, followed by one or more finger drag events, followed by detecting a finger up (lift off) event.

[0078] Graphics module 132 includes various known software components for rendering and displaying graphics on touchscreen 112 or other display, including components for modifying the visual effects (e.g., brightness, transparency, saturation, contrast, or other visual characteristics) of the displayed graphics. As used herein, the term "graphics" includes any object that can be displayed to a user, including, but not limited to, characters, web pages, icons (such as user interface objects including soft keys), digital images, videos, animations, etc.

[0079] In some embodiments, graphics module 132 stores data representing graphics to be used. Each graphic is optionally assigned a corresponding code. Graphics module 132 receives one or more codes specifying the graphics to be displayed, including coordinate data and other graphic characteristic data, as needed, from an application or the like, and then generates screen image data to output to display controller 156.

[0080] The haptic feedback module 133 includes various software components for generating instructions used by the tactile output generator 167 to generate tactile outputs at one or more locations on the device 100 in response to user interaction with the device 100.

[0081] Text input module 134 is optionally a component of graphics module 132 and provides a soft keyboard for entering text in various applications (e.g., contacts 137, email 140, IM 141, browser 147, and any other application requiring text input).

[0082] The GPS module 135 determines the location of the device and provides this information for use in various applications (e.g., to the phone 138 for use in location-based dialing, to the camera 143 as image / video metadata, and to applications that provide location-based services such as weather widgets, local yellow pages widgets, and map / navigation widgets).

[0083] Application 136 optionally includes the following modules (or sets of instructions), or a subset or superset thereof: • a contacts module 137 (sometimes called an address book or contact list); ●Telephone module 138, ●Videoconferencing module 139, ● an email client module 140; ● Instant messaging (IM) module 141, ●Training support module 142, a camera module 143 for still and / or video images, ● Image management module 144; ●Video player module, ●Music player module, ● Browser module 147, ●Calendar module 148, • a widget module 149 optionally including one or more of a weather widget 149-1, a stocks widget 149-2, a calculator widget 149-3, an alarm clock widget 149-4, a dictionary widget 149-5, and other widgets obtained by the user, and a user-created widget 149-6; a widget creation module 150 for creating user-created widgets 149-6; ● Search module 151, A video and music player module 152 that integrates a video player module and a music player module; ● Memo module 153, Map module 154, and / or ●Online video module 155.

[0084] Examples of other applications 136 optionally stored in memory 102 include other word processing applications, other image editing applications, drawing applications, presentation applications, JAVA-enabled applications, encryption, digital rights management, voice recognition, and voice duplication.

[0085] In conjunction with touch screen 112, display controller 156, contact / motion module 130, graphics module 132, and text input module 134, contacts module 137 is used to manage an address book or contact list (e.g., stored in memory 102 or in the application internal state 192 of contacts module 137 in memory 370), optionally including adding names to the address book, removing names from the address book, associating phone numbers, email addresses, physical addresses, or other information with names, associating images with names, categorizing and sorting names, providing phone numbers or email addresses to initiate and / or facilitate communication by phone 138, videoconferencing module 139, email 140, or IM 141, etc.

[0086] Telephone module 138, in conjunction with RF circuitry 108, audio circuitry 110, speaker 111, microphone 113, touchscreen 112, display controller 156, contact / motion module 130, graphics module 132, and text input module 134, is optionally used to enter character sequences corresponding to telephone numbers, access one or more telephone numbers in contacts module 137, modify entered telephone numbers, dial respective telephone numbers, conduct conversations, and terminate or hang up when the conversation is completed. As previously mentioned, wireless communication optionally uses any of a number of communication standards, protocols, and technologies.

[0087] In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, audio circuitry 110, speaker 111, microphone 113, touch screen 112, display controller 156, light sensor 164, light sensor controller 158, touch / motion module 130, graphics module 132, text input module 134, contacts module 137, and telephone module 138, videoconferencing module 139 includes executable instructions for initiating, conducting, and terminating a videoconference between a user and one or more other participants in accordance with user commands.

[0088] In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, touch screen 112, display controller 156, contact / motion module 130, graphics module 132, and text input module 134, email client module 140 contains executable instructions for composing, sending, receiving, and managing emails in response to user commands. In conjunction with image management module 144, email client module 140 greatly facilitates the creation and sending of emails with still or video images captured by camera module 143.

[0089] In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, touchscreen 112, display controller 156, contact / motion module 130, graphics module 132, and text input module 134, instant messaging module 141 includes executable instructions for entering character sequences corresponding to instant messages, modifying previously entered characters, sending respective instant messages (e.g., using Short Message Service (SMS) or Multimedia Message Service (MMS) protocols for telephony-based instant messaging, or XMPP, SIMPLE, or IMPS for Internet-based instant messaging), receiving instant messages, and viewing received instant messages. In some embodiments, sent and / or received instant messages optionally include graphics, photos, audio files, video files, and / or other attachments supported by MMS and / or Enhanced Messaging Service (EMS). As used herein, "instant messaging" refers to both telephony-based messages (e.g., messages sent using SMS or MMS) and Internet-based messages (e.g., messages sent using XMPP, SIMPLE, or IMPS).

[0090] In conjunction with the RF circuitry 108, touchscreen 112, display controller 156, contact / motion module 130, graphics module 132, text input module 134, GPS module 135, map module 154, and music player module, the training support module 142 includes executable instructions for creating workouts (e.g., with time, distance, and / or calorie burn goals), communicating with training sensors (sports devices), receiving training sensor data, calibrating sensors used to monitor workouts, selecting and playing music for workouts, and displaying, storing, and transmitting workout data.

[0091] In conjunction with touch screen 112, display controller 156, light sensor 164, light sensor controller 158, contact / motion module 130, graphics module 132, and image management module 144, camera module 143 contains executable instructions for capturing and storing still images or video (including video streams) in memory 102, modifying characteristics of the still images or video, or deleting the still images or video from memory 102.

[0092] In conjunction with touch screen 112, display controller 156, contact / motion module 130, graphics module 132, text input module 134, and camera module 143, image management module 144 contains executable instructions for arranging, modifying (e.g., editing), or otherwise manipulating, labeling, deleting, presenting (e.g., in a digital slide show or album), and storing still and / or video images.

[0093] In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, touch screen 112, display controller 156, contact / motion module 130, graphics module 132, and text input module 134, browser module 147 contains executable instructions for browsing the Internet according to user commands, including retrieving, linking to, receiving, and displaying web pages or portions thereof, as well as attachments and other files linked to web pages.

[0094] In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, touch screen 112, display controller 156, contact / motion module 130, graphics module 132, text input module 134, email client module 140, and browser module 147, calendar module 148 contains executable instructions for creating, displaying, modifying, and storing calendars and data associated with calendars (e.g., calendar items, to-do lists, etc.) in accordance with user instructions.

[0095] In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, touchscreen 112, display controller 156, touch / motion module 130, graphics module 132, text input module 134, and browser module 147, widget module 149 is optionally a mini-application downloaded and used by a user (e.g., weather widget 149-1, stocks widget 149-2, calculator widget 149-3, alarm clock widget 149-4, and dictionary widget 149-5), or a mini-application created by a user (e.g., user-created widget 149-6). In some embodiments, a widget includes an HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) file, a CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) file, and a JavaScript file. In some embodiments, a widget includes an XML (Extensible Markup Language) file and a JavaScript file (e.g., Yahoo! Widgets).

[0096] In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, touch screen 112, display controller 156, touch / motion module 130, graphics module 132, text input module 134, and browser module 147, widget creation module 150 is optionally used by a user to create a widget (e.g., turn a user-specified portion of a web page into a widget).

[0097] In conjunction with touch screen 112, display controller 156, contact / motion module 130, graphics module 132, and text input module 134, search module 151 includes executable instructions for searching memory 102 for text, music, sound, images, video, and / or other files that match one or more search criteria (e.g., one or more user-specified search terms) in accordance with user commands.

[0098] In conjunction with touchscreen 112, display controller 156, contact / motion module 130, graphics module 132, audio circuitry 110, speaker 111, RF circuitry 108, and browser module 147, video and music player module 152 contains executable instructions that enable a user to download and play pre-recorded music and other sound files stored in one or more file formats, such as MP3 or AAC files, as well as executable instructions for displaying, presenting, or otherwise playing videos (on touchscreen 112 or on an external display connected via external port 124). In some embodiments, device 100 optionally includes the functionality of an MP3 player, such as an iPod (a trademark of Apple Inc.).

[0099] In conjunction with touch screen 112, display controller 156, contact / motion module 130, graphics module 132, and text input module 134, notes module 153 contains executable instructions for creating and managing notes, to-do lists, and the like according to user commands.

[0100] In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, touchscreen 112, display controller 156, touch / motion module 130, graphics module 132, text input module 134, GPS module 135, and browser module 147, map module 154 is optionally used to receive, display, modify, and store maps and data associated with maps (e.g., driving directions, data regarding businesses and other points of interest at or near a particular location, and other location-based data) in accordance with user instructions.

[0101] In conjunction with touchscreen 112, display controller 156, contact / motion module 130, graphics module 132, audio circuitry 110, speaker 111, RF circuitry 108, text input module 134, email client module 140, and browser module 147, online video module 155 contains instructions that enable a user to access, browse for, receive (e.g., by streaming and / or downloading), and play (e.g., on the touchscreen or on an external display connected via external port 124) particular online videos, send emails with links to particular online videos, and otherwise manage online videos in one or more file formats, such as H.264. In some embodiments, instant messaging module 141 is used to send links to particular online videos, rather than email client module 140. Additional description of online video applications can be found in U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60 / 936,562, filed June 20, 2007, entitled "Portable Multifunction Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Playing Online Videos," and U.S. Patent Application No. 11 / 968,067, filed December 31, 2007, entitled "Portable Multifunction Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Playing Online Videos," the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.

[0102] The above-identified modules and applications each correspond to a set of executable instructions that perform one or more of the functions previously described and methods described herein (e.g., the computer-implemented methods and other information processing methods described herein). These modules (e.g., sets of instructions) need not be implemented as separate software programs, procedures, or modules; thus, in various embodiments, various subsets of these modules are optionally combined or otherwise rearranged. For example, a video player module is optionally combined with a music player module into a single module (e.g., video and music player module 152 of FIG. 1A). In some embodiments, memory 102 optionally stores a subset of the above-identified modules and data structures. Additionally, memory 102 optionally stores additional modules and data structures not described above.

[0103] In some embodiments, device 100 is a device in which operation of a predetermined set of functions on the device is performed exclusively through a touchscreen and / or touchpad. Using the touchscreen and / or touchpad as the primary input control device for operation of device 100 optionally reduces the number of physical input control devices (push buttons, dials, etc.) on device 100.

[0104] The set of predefined functions performed only through the touchscreen and / or touchpad optionally includes navigation between user interfaces. In some embodiments, the touchpad, when touched by a user, navigates device 100 to a main menu, home menu, or root menu from any user interface displayed on device 100. In such embodiments, a "menu button" is implemented using the touchpad. In some other embodiments, the menu button is a physical push button or other physical input control device rather than a touchpad.

[0105] 1B is a block diagram illustrating exemplary components for event processing according to some embodiments. In some embodiments, memory 102 (FIG. 1A) or 370 (FIG. 3) includes event sorter 170 (e.g., within operating system 126) and a respective application 136-1 (e.g., any of applications 137-151, 155, 380-390 described above).

[0106] Event sorter 170 receives the event information and determines which application 136-1 to deliver the event information to and application view 191 of application 136-1. Event sorter 170 includes event monitor 171 and event dispatcher module 174. In some embodiments, application 136-1 includes application internal state 192 that indicates the current application view that is displayed on touch-sensitive display 112 when the application is active or running. In some embodiments, device / global internal state 157 is used by event sorter 170 to determine which application is currently active, and application internal state 192 is used by event sorter 170 to determine which application is currently active, and application view 191 to deliver the event information to.

[0107] In some embodiments, application internal state 192 includes additional information such as one or more of resume information to be used when application 136-1 resumes execution, user interface state information indicating or ready to display information being displayed by application 136-1, state cues that enable the user to return to a previous state or view of application 136-1, and redo / undo cues for previous actions taken by the user.

[0108] Event monitor 171 receives event information from peripherals interface 118. The event information includes information about a sub-event (e.g., a user touch on touch-sensitive display 112 as part of a multi-touch gesture). Peripherals interface 118 transmits information it receives from I / O subsystem 106 or sensors such as proximity sensor 166, accelerometer 168, and / or microphone 113 (via audio circuitry 110). The information that peripherals interface 118 receives from I / O subsystem 106 includes information from touch-sensitive display 112 or a touch-sensitive surface.

[0109] In some embodiments, event monitor 171 sends requests to peripherals interface 118 at predetermined intervals. In response, peripherals interface 118 transmits event information. In other embodiments, peripherals interface 118 sends event information only when there is a significant event (e.g., receipt of an input above a predetermined noise threshold and / or for more than a predetermined duration).

[0110] In some embodiments, event sorter 170 also includes hit view determination module 172 and / or active event recognizer determination module 173 .

[0111] Hit view determination module 172 provides software procedures that determine where a sub-event occurred within one or more views when touch-sensitive display 112 displays more than one view. A view consists of the controls and other elements that a user can see on the display.

[0112] Another aspect of a user interface associated with an application is the set of views, sometimes referred to herein as application views or user interface windows, in which information is displayed and touch-based gestures occur. The application view (of the respective application) in which the touch is detected optionally corresponds to a programmatic level within the application's programmatic or view hierarchy. For example, the lowest-level view in which the touch is detected is optionally referred to as the hit view, and the set of events that are recognized as suitable inputs is optionally determined based at least in part on the hit view of the initial touch that initiates the touch-based gesture.

[0113] Hit view determination module 172 receives information related to sub-events of a touch-based gesture. When an application has multiple views organized in a hierarchy, hit view determination module 172 identifies a hit view as the lowest view in the hierarchy that should process the sub-events. In most situations, the hit view is the lowest-level view in which an initiating sub-event (e.g., the first sub-event in a sequence of sub-events that form an event or potential event) occurs. Once a hit view is identified by hit view determination module 172, the hit view typically receives all sub-events related to the same touch or input source as the hit view.

[0114] Active event recognizer determination module 173 determines which views in the view hierarchy should receive a particular sequence of sub-events. In some embodiments, active event recognizer determination module 173 determines that only the hit view should receive a particular sequence of sub-events. In other embodiments, active event recognizer determination module 173 determines that all views that contain the physical location of the sub-event are actively participating views, and therefore determines that all actively participating views should receive a particular sequence of sub-events. In other embodiments, even if a touch sub-event is completely confined to the area associated with one particular view, views higher in the hierarchy remain actively participating views.

[0115] Event dispatcher module 174 dispatches event information to event recognizers (e.g., event recognizer 180). In embodiments that include active event recognizer determination module 173, event dispatcher module 174 delivers the event information to the event recognizers determined by active event recognizer determination module 173. In some embodiments, event dispatcher module 174 stores event information obtained by each event receiver 182 in an event queue.

[0116] In some embodiments, operating system 126 includes event sorter 170. Alternatively, application 136-1 includes event sorter 170. In still other embodiments, event sorter 170 is a stand-alone module or is part of another module stored in memory 102, such as contact / motion module 130.

[0117] In some embodiments, application 136-1 includes multiple event handlers 190 and one or more application views 191, each containing instructions for processing touch events that occur within a respective view of the application's user interface. Each application view 191 of application 136-1 includes one or more event recognizers 180. Typically, each application view 191 includes multiple event recognizers 180. In other embodiments, one or more of event recognizers 180 are part of a separate module, such as a user interface kit or a higher-level object from which application 136-1 inherits methods and other attributes. In some embodiments, each event handler 190 includes one or more of data updater 176, object updater 177, GUI updater 178, and / or event data 179 received from event sorter 170. Event handler 190 optionally utilizes or invokes data updater 176, object updater 177, or GUI updater 178 to update application internal state 192. Alternatively, one or more of the application views 191 include one or more respective event handlers 190. Also, in some embodiments, one or more of the data updater 176, the object updater 177, and the GUI updater 178 are included in each application view 191.

[0118] Each event recognizer 180 receives event information (e.g., event data 179) from event sorter 170 and identifies an event from the event information. Event recognizer 180 includes an event receiver 182 and an event comparator 184. In some embodiments, event recognizer 180 also includes metadata 183 and at least a subset of event delivery instructions 188 (optionally including sub-event delivery instructions).

[0119] Event receiver 182 receives event information from event sorter 170. The event information includes information about a sub-event, e.g., a touch or a movement of a touch. Depending on the sub-event, the event information also includes additional information, such as the position of the sub-event. When the sub-event involves a movement of a touch, the event information also optionally includes the speed and direction of the sub-event. In some embodiments, the event includes a rotation of the device from one orientation to another (e.g., from portrait to landscape or vice versa), and the event information includes corresponding information about the current orientation of the device (also called the device's attitude).

[0120] The event comparator 184 compares the event information with predefined event or sub-event definitions and determines the event or sub-event, or determines or updates the state of the event or sub-event, based on the comparison. In some embodiments, the event comparator 184 includes an event definition 186. The event definition 186 includes definitions of events (e.g., a predefined sequence of sub-events), such as Event 1 (187-1) and Event 2 (187-2). In some embodiments, sub-events in Event 187 include, for example, touch start, touch end, touch movement, touch cancellation, and multiple touches. In one example, the definition for Event 1 (187-1) is a double tap on a displayed object. The double tap includes, for example, a first touch on a displayed object relative to a predetermined stage (touch start), a first lift-off (touch end) relative to the predetermined stage, a second touch on a displayed object relative to the predetermined stage (touch start), and a second lift-off (touch end) relative to the predetermined stage. In another example, a definition of event 2 (187-2) is a drag on a displayed object. Drag includes, for example, a touch (or contact) on the displayed object relative to a predetermined stage, a movement of the touch on the touch-sensitive display 112, and a lift-off of the touch (touch end). In some embodiments, the event also includes information about one or more associated event handlers 190.

[0121] In some embodiments, event definition 187 includes a definition of the event for each user interface object. In some embodiments, event comparator 184 performs a hit test to determine which user interface object is associated with the sub-event. For example, when a touch is detected on touch-sensitive display 112 in an application view in which three user interface objects are displayed on touch-sensitive display 112, event comparator 184 performs a hit test to determine which of the three user interface objects is associated with the touch (sub-event). If each displayed object is associated with a respective event handler 190, event comparator 184 uses the results of the hit test to determine which event handler 190 to activate. For example, event comparator 184 selects the event handler associated with the sub-event and object that triggers the hit test.

[0122] In some embodiments, the definition for each event (187) also includes a delay action that delays transmission of the event information until after it has been determined whether the sub-event sequence corresponds to the event recognizer's event type.

[0123] If the respective event recognizer 180 determines that the sequence of sub-events does not match any of the events in the event definition 186, the respective event recognizer 180 enters an event-disabled, event-failed, or event-ended state and thereafter ignores the next sub-event of the touch-based gesture. In this situation, any other event recognizers that remain active for the hit view continue to track and process sub-events of the ongoing touch-based gesture.

[0124] In some embodiments, each event recognizer 180 includes metadata 183 with configurable properties, flags, and / or lists that indicate to actively participating event recognizers how the event delivery system should perform sub-event delivery. In some embodiments, metadata 183 includes configurable properties, flags, and / or lists that indicate how event recognizers interact with each other or how event recognizers are enabled to interact with each other. In some embodiments, metadata 183 includes configurable properties, flags, and / or lists that indicate how sub-events are delivered to various levels in the view or programmatic hierarchy.

[0125] In some embodiments, each event recognizer 180 activates an event handler 190 associated with an event when one or more specific sub-events of the event are recognized. In some embodiments, each event recognizer 180 delivers event information associated with the event to the event handler 190. Activating the event handler 190 is separate from sending (and postponing sending) sub-events to the respective hit view. In some embodiments, the event recognizer 180 pops a flag associated with the recognized event, and the event handler 190 associated with the flag captures the flag and performs a predetermined process.

[0126] In some embodiments, the event delivery instructions 188 include sub-event delivery instructions that deliver event information about a sub-event without activating an event handler. Instead, the sub-event delivery instructions deliver the event information to an event handler associated with a set of sub-events or to an actively participating view. The event handler associated with the set of sub-events or the actively participating view receives the event information and performs predetermined processing.

[0127] In some embodiments, data updater 176 creates and updates data used by application 136-1. For example, data updater 176 updates phone numbers used by contacts module 137 or stores video files used by a video player module. In some embodiments, object updater 177 creates and updates objects used by application 136-1. For example, object updater 177 creates new user interface objects or updates the positions of user interface objects. GUI updater 178 updates the GUI. For example, GUI updater 178 prepares display information and sends the display information to graphics module 132 for display on the touch-sensitive display.

[0128] In some embodiments, event handler 190 includes or has access to data updater 176, object updater 177, and GUI updater 178. In some embodiments, data updater 176, object updater 177, and GUI updater 178 are included in a single module of the respective application 136-1 or application view 191. In other embodiments, they are included in two or more software modules.

[0129] It should be understood that the foregoing description of event processing of a user's touch on a touch-sensitive display also applies to other forms of user input for operating multifunction device 100 using input devices, not all of which are initiated on the touchscreen. For example, mouse movements and mouse button presses, contact movements such as tapping, dragging, scrolling on a touchpad, optionally coordinated with single or multiple keyboard presses or holds, pen stylus input, device movement, verbal commands, detected eye movement, biometric input, and / or any combination thereof, are optionally utilized as inputs corresponding to sub-events that define the recognized event.

[0130] FIG. 2 illustrates portable multifunction device 100 having touchscreen 112, according to some embodiments. The touchscreen optionally displays one or more graphics within user interface (UI) 200. In this embodiment, as well as other embodiments described below, a user may select one or more of the graphics by performing a gesture on the graphics, for example, using one or more fingers 202 (not drawn to scale) or one or more styluses 203 (not drawn to scale). In some embodiments, selection of one or more graphics is performed when the user breaks contact with the one or more graphics. In some embodiments, the gesture optionally includes one or more taps, one or more swipes (left to right, right to left, upward, and / or downward), and / or a roll of a finger (right to left, left to right, upward, and / or downward) in contact with device 100. In some implementations or situations, accidental contact with a graphic does not select the graphic. For example, if the gesture corresponding to selection is a tap, a swipe gesture sweeping over an application icon optionally does not select the corresponding application.

[0131] Device 100 also optionally includes one or more physical buttons, such as a "home" button or menu button 204. As previously mentioned, menu button 204 is optionally used to navigate to any application 136, optionally within a set of applications running on device 100. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the menu button is implemented as a soft key within a GUI displayed on touchscreen 112.

[0132] In some embodiments, device 100 includes touchscreen 112, menu button 204, pushbuttons 206 for powering the device on / off and locking the device, volume control buttons 208, subscriber identity module (SIM) card slot 210, headset jack 212, and external docking / charging port 124. Pushbutton 206 is optionally used to power the device on / off by pressing and holding the button down for a predetermined period of time, to lock the device by pressing and releasing the button before the predetermined time has elapsed, and / or to unlock the device or initiate the unlocking process. In alternative embodiments, device 100 also accepts verbal input via microphone 113 for activating or deactivating some functions. Device 100 also optionally includes one or more contact intensity sensors 165 for detecting the intensity of a contact on touchscreen 112 and / or one or more tactile output generators 167 for generating a tactile output for a user of device 100.

[0133] FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an exemplary multifunction device with a display and a touch-sensitive surface according to some embodiments. Device 300 need not be portable. In some embodiments, device 300 is a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a tablet computer, a multimedia playback device, a navigation device, an educational device (such as a child's learning toy), a gaming system, or a control device (e.g., a home or commercial controller). Device 300 typically includes one or more processing units (CPUs) 310, one or more network or other communication interfaces 360, memory 370, and one or more communication buses 320 interconnecting these components. Communication bus 320 optionally includes circuitry (sometimes called a chipset) that interconnects and controls communication between system components. Device 300 includes input / output (I / O) interface 330, which includes display 340, which is typically a touchscreen display. I / O interface 330 also optionally includes a keyboard and / or mouse (or other pointing device) 350, a touchpad 355, a tactile output generator 357 (e.g., similar to tactile output generator 167 described above with reference to FIG. 1A ) that generates tactile output on device 300, and sensors 359 (e.g., light, acceleration, proximity, touch-sensing, and / or contact intensity sensors similar to contact intensity sensor 165 described above with reference to FIG. 1A ). Memory 370 includes high-speed random-access memory such as DRAM, SRAM, DDR RAM, or other random-access solid-state memory devices, and optionally includes non-volatile memory such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, optical disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid-state storage devices. Memory 370 optionally includes one or more storage devices located remotely from CPU 310. In some embodiments, memory 370 stores programs, modules, and data structures similar to the programs, modules, and data structures stored in memory 102 of portable multifunction device 100 (FIG. 1A), or a subset thereof.Additionally, memory 370 optionally stores additional programs, modules, and data structures not present in memory 102 of portable multifunction device 100. For example, memory 370 of device 300 optionally stores drawing module 380, presentation module 382, ​​word processing module 384, website creation module 386, disc authoring module 388, and / or spreadsheet module 390, whereas memory 102 of portable multifunction device 100 (FIG. 1A) optionally does not store these modules.

[0134] Each of the above-identified elements of FIG. 3 is optionally stored in one or more of the memory devices mentioned above. Each of the above-identified modules corresponds to an instruction set that performs the function described above. The above-identified modules or programs (e.g., instruction sets) need not be implemented as separate software programs, procedures, or modules; thus, in various embodiments, various subsets of these modules are optionally combined or otherwise reconfigured. In some embodiments, memory 370 optionally stores a subset of the above-identified modules and data structures. Additionally, memory 370 optionally stores additional modules and data structures not described above.

[0135] Attention is now directed to user interface embodiments, optionally implemented on portable multifunction device 100, for example.

[0136] 4A shows an exemplary user interface for a menu of applications on portable multifunction device 100 according to some embodiments. A similar user interface is optionally implemented on device 300. In some embodiments, user interface 400 includes the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof: signal strength indicators 402 for wireless communications such as cellular and Wi-Fi signals; ●Time 404, ●Bluetooth indicator 405, ● Battery status indicator 406, A tray 408 with icons of frequently used applications, such as: an icon 416 for the phone module 138, labeled "Phone," optionally including an indicator 414 of the number of missed calls or voicemail messages; icon 418 of the email client module 140, labeled "Mail," optionally including an indicator 410 of the number of unread emails; ○ An icon 420 for the browser module 147, labeled "Browser"; and ○ An icon 422 for the video and music player module 152, also called the iPod (trademark of Apple Inc.) module 152, labeled "iPod", and ● Icons of other applications, such as: ○ Icon 424 of IM module 141, labeled "Messages"; ○ Icon 426 of the calendar module 148, labeled "Calendar" ○ Icon 428 of the image management module 144, labeled "Photos" ○ An icon 430 of the camera module 143, labeled "camera"; ○ Icon 432 of the online video module 155, labeled "Online Video"; Icon 434 of Stocks widget 149-2, labeled "Stock Prices" ○ Icon 436 of the map module 154, labeled "Map"; Icon 438 of weather widget 149-1, labeled "Weather" ○ Icon 440 of alarm clock widget 149-4, labeled "Clock" ○ Icon 442 of Training Support Module 142, labeled "Training Support"; ○ An icon 444 of the Notes module 153 labeled "Notes," and A settings application or module icon 446 labeled "Settings" that provides access to settings for the device 100 and its various applications 136.

[0137] 4A are merely exemplary. For example, icon 422 for video and music player module 152 is labeled "Music" or "Music Player," although other labels are optionally used for the various application icons. In some embodiments, the label for each application icon includes the name of the application corresponding to the respective application icon. In some embodiments, the label for a particular application icon is different from the name of the application corresponding to that particular application icon.

[0138] 4B shows an example user interface on a device (e.g., device 300 of FIG. 3 ) that has touch-sensitive surface 451 (e.g., tablet or touchpad 355 of FIG. 3 ) that is separate from display 450 (e.g., touchscreen display 112). Device 300 also optionally includes one or more contact intensity sensors (e.g., one or more of sensors 359) that detect the intensity of a contact on touch-sensitive surface 451, and / or one or more tactile output generators 357 that generate a tactile output for a user of device 300.

[0139] Although some of the following examples are given with reference to input on touchscreen display 112 (which combines a touch-sensitive surface and a display), in some embodiments, the device detects input on a touch-sensitive surface that is separate from the display shown in FIG. 4B . In some embodiments, the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., 451 in FIG. 4B ) has a primary axis (e.g., 452 in FIG. 4B ) that corresponds to a primary axis (e.g., 453 in FIG. 4B ) on the display (e.g., 450). According to these embodiments, the device detects contact with touch-sensitive surface 451 (e.g., 460 and 462 in FIG. 4B ) at locations that correspond to respective locations on the display (e.g., in FIG. 4B , 460 corresponds to 468 and 462 corresponds to 470). In this way, user input (e.g., contacts 460 and 462 and their movement) detected by the device on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., 451 in FIG. 4B ) is used by the device to operate a user interface on the display (e.g., 450 in FIG. 4B ) of the multifunction device when the touch-sensitive surface is separate from the display. It should be understood that similar methods are optionally used for the other user interfaces described herein.

[0140] Additionally, while the following examples are given primarily with reference to finger input (e.g., finger contacts, finger tap gestures, finger swipe gestures), it should be understood that in some embodiments, one or more of the finger inputs are replaced with input from another input device (e.g., mouse-based input or stylus input). For example, a swipe gesture is optionally replaced by a mouse click (e.g., instead of a contact) followed by movement of a cursor along the path of the swipe (e.g., instead of movement of the contact). As another example, a tap gesture is optionally replaced with a mouse click while the cursor is positioned over the location of the tap gesture (e.g., instead of detecting a contact and then ceasing contact detection). Similarly, it should be understood that when multiple user inputs are detected simultaneously, multiple computer mice are optionally used simultaneously, or a mouse and finger contacts are optionally used simultaneously.

[0141] FIG. 5A shows an exemplary personal electronic device 500. Device 500 includes a main body 502. In some embodiments, device 500 can include some or all of the features described with respect to devices 100 and 300 (e.g., FIGS. 1A-4B). In some embodiments, device 500 has a touch-sensitive display screen 504, hereafter referred to as touchscreen 504. Alternatively, or in addition to touchscreen 504, device 500 has a display and a touch-sensitive surface. Similar to devices 100 and 300, in some embodiments, touchscreen 504 (or the touch-sensitive surface) optionally includes one or more intensity sensors that detect the intensity of an applied contact (e.g., a touch). The one or more intensity sensors in touchscreen 504 (or the touch-sensitive surface) can provide output data representing the intensity of the touch. A user interface of device 500 can respond to a touch based on the intensity of the touch, meaning that touches of different intensities can invoke different user interface actions on device 500.

[0142] Exemplary techniques for detecting and processing touch intensity can be found, for example, in International Patent Application No. PCT / US2013 / 040061, filed May 8, 2013, entitled "Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Displaying User Interface Objects Corresponding to an Application," published as International Patent Application No. WO / 2013 / 169849, and related applications, including International Patent Application No. PCT / US2013 / 069483, filed November 11, 2013, entitled "Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Transitioning Between Touch Input to Display Output Relationships," published as International Patent Application No. WO / 2014 / 105276, each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0143] In some embodiments, device 500 has one or more input mechanisms 506 and 508. Input mechanisms 506 and 508, if included, can be physical mechanisms. Examples of physical input mechanisms include push buttons and rotatable mechanisms. In some embodiments, device 500 has one or more attachment mechanisms. Such attachment mechanisms, if included, can allow device 500 to be attached to, for example, hats, eyewear, earrings, necklaces, shirts, jackets, bracelets, watch bands, chains, pants, belts, shoes, wallets, backpacks, etc. These attachment mechanisms allow a user to wear device 500.

[0144] FIG. 5B illustrates an exemplary personal electronic device 500. In some embodiments, device 500 can include some or all of the components described with respect to FIGS. 1A, 1B, and 3. Device 500 has a bus 512 that operably couples an I / O section 514 to one or more computer processors 516 and a memory 518. I / O section 514 can be connected to a display 504, which can have touch-sensing components 522 and, optionally, an intensity sensor 524 (e.g., a contact intensity sensor). Additionally, I / O section 514 can be connected to a communication unit 530 that receives application and operating system data using Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, near-field communication (NFC), cellular, and / or other wireless communication techniques. Device 500 can include input mechanisms 506 and / or 508. Input mechanism 506 is optionally a rotatable input device or a depressible and rotatable input device, for example. In some examples, input mechanism 508 is optionally a button.

[0145] In some examples, the input mechanism 508 is optionally a microphone. The personal electronic device 500 optionally includes various sensors, such as a GPS sensor 532, an accelerometer 534, an orientation sensor 540 (e.g., a compass), a gyroscope 536, a motion sensor 538, and / or combinations thereof, all of which may be operably connected to the I / O section 514.

[0146] The memory 518 of the personal electronic device 500 may include one or more non-transitory computer-readable storage media for storing computer-executable instructions that, when executed by one or more computer processors 516, may cause the computer processors to perform the techniques described below, including processes 700, 900, and 1100 (FIGS. 7, 9, and 11). A computer-readable storage medium may be any medium that can tangibly contain or store computer-executable instructions for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. In some examples, the storage medium is a transient computer-readable storage medium. In some examples, the storage medium is a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. Non-transitory computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to, magnetic, optical, and / or semiconductor storage devices. Examples of such storage devices include magnetic disks, optical disks based on CDs, DVDs, or Blu-ray technology, as well as resident solid-state memory such as flash, solid-state drives, and the like. Personal electronic device 500 is not limited to the components and configuration of FIG. 5B and may include other or additional components in multiple configurations.

[0147] As used herein, the term "affordance" refers to a user-interactive graphical user interface object that is optionally displayed on the display screen of device 100, 300, and / or 500 (FIGS. 1A, 3, and 5A-5B). For example, images (e.g., icons), buttons, and text (e.g., hyperlinks) each optionally constitute an affordance.

[0148] As used herein, the term “focus selector” refers to an input element that indicates the current portion of the user interface with which the user is interacting. In some implementations involving a cursor or other location marker, the cursor acts as the “focus selector,” such that when input (e.g., a press input) is detected on a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touchpad 355 of FIG. 3 or touch-sensitive surface 451 of FIG. 4B) while the cursor is positioned over a particular user interface element (e.g., a button, window, slider, or other user interface element), the particular user interface element is adjusted according to the detected input. In some implementations involving a touchscreen display (e.g., touch-sensitive display system 112 of FIG. 1A or touchscreen 112 of FIG. 4A) that enables direct interaction with user interface elements on the touchscreen display, a detected contact on the touchscreen acts as the “focus selector,” such that when input (e.g., a press input by contact) is detected at the location of a particular user interface element (e.g., a button, window, slider, or other user interface element) on the touchscreen display, the particular user interface element is adjusted according to the detected input. In some implementations, focus is moved from one region of the user interface to another region of the user interface without a corresponding cursor movement or contact movement on the touchscreen display (e.g., by using the tab key or arrow keys to move focus from one button to another), and in these implementations, the focus selector moves to follow the movement of focus between various regions of the user interface. Regardless of the particular form the focus selector takes, the focus selector is generally a user interface element (or contact on a touchscreen display) that is controlled by the user to communicate the user's intended interaction with the user interface (e.g., by indicating to the device the element of the user interface with which the user intends to interact).For example, while a press input is detected on a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touchpad or touchscreen), the position of a focus selector (e.g., a cursor, touch, or selection box) over a corresponding button indicates that the user intends to activate that corresponding button (and not other user interface elements shown on the device's display).

[0149] As used herein and in the claims, the term "characteristic intensity" of a contact refers to a characteristic of that contact based on one or more intensities of the contact. In some embodiments, the characteristic intensity is based on a plurality of intensity samples. The characteristic intensity is optionally based on a predetermined number of intensity samples, i.e., a set of intensity samples collected during a predetermined time period (e.g., 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10 seconds) associated with a predetermined event (e.g., after detecting the contact, before detecting lift-off of the contact, before or after detecting the start of contact movement, before detecting the end of the contact, before or after detecting an increase in the intensity of the contact, and / or before or after detecting a decrease in the intensity of the contact). The characteristic intensity of the contact is optionally based on one or more of the maximum intensity of the contact, the mean intensity of the contact, the average intensity of the contact, the top 10 percentile intensity of the contact, half the maximum intensity of the contact, 90 percent of the maximum intensity of the contact, etc. In some embodiments, the duration of the contact is used in determining the characteristic intensity (e.g., when the characteristic intensity is an average of the intensity of the contact over time). In some embodiments, the characteristic intensity is compared to a set of one or more intensity thresholds to determine whether an action is performed by the user. For example, the set of one or more intensity thresholds optionally includes a first intensity threshold and a second intensity threshold. In this example, a contact having a characteristic intensity that does not exceed the first threshold results in a first action, a contact having a characteristic intensity that exceeds the first intensity threshold but not the second intensity threshold results in a second action, and a contact having a characteristic intensity that exceeds the second threshold results in a third action. In some embodiments, the comparison between the characteristic intensity and the one or more thresholds is not used to determine whether the first action or the second action should be performed, but rather is used to determine whether one or more actions should be performed (e.g., whether to perform the respective action or to refrain from performing the respective action).

[0150] In some embodiments, a portion of the gesture is identified for purposes of determining the characteristic intensity. For example, the touch-sensitive surface optionally receives successive swipe contacts that transition from a start location to an end location, at which point the intensity of the contacts increases. In this example, the characteristic intensity of the contacts at the end location is optionally based on only a portion of the successive swipe contacts (e.g., only the portion of the swipe contacts at the end location) rather than the entire swipe contact. In some embodiments, a smoothing algorithm is optionally applied to the intensity of the swipe contacts before determining the characteristic intensity of the contacts. For example, the smoothing algorithm optionally includes one or more of an unweighted moving average smoothing algorithm, a triangular smoothing algorithm, a median filter smoothing algorithm, and / or an exponential smoothing algorithm. In some situations, these smoothing algorithms eliminate small increases or decreases in the intensity of the swipe contacts for purposes of determining the characteristic intensity.

[0151] The intensity of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface is optionally characterized with respect to one or more intensity thresholds, such as a contact-detection intensity threshold, a light pressure intensity threshold, a deep pressure intensity threshold, and / or one or more other intensity thresholds. In some embodiments, the light pressure intensity threshold corresponds to an intensity at which the device performs an action typically associated with clicking a physical mouse button or trackpad. In some embodiments, the deep pressure intensity threshold corresponds to an intensity at which the device performs an action different from an action typically associated with clicking a physical mouse button or trackpad. In some embodiments, when a contact is detected having a characteristic intensity below the light pressure intensity threshold (e.g., above a nominal contact-detection intensity threshold below which the contact is not detected), the device moves the focus selector in accordance with the movement of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface without performing an action associated with the light pressure intensity threshold or the deep pressure intensity threshold. In general, unless otherwise specified, these intensity thresholds are consistent across the various sets of user interface diagrams.

[0152] An increase in the characteristic intensity of a contact from an intensity below the light pressure intensity threshold to an intensity between the light pressure intensity threshold and the deep pressure intensity threshold may be referred to as inputting a "light press." An increase in the characteristic intensity of a contact from an intensity below the deep pressure intensity threshold to an intensity above the deep pressure intensity threshold may be referred to as inputting a "deep press." An increase in the characteristic intensity of a contact from an intensity below the contact-detection intensity threshold to an intensity between the contact-detection intensity threshold and the light pressure intensity threshold may be referred to as detecting a contact on the touch surface. A decrease in the characteristic intensity of a contact from an intensity above the contact-detection intensity threshold to an intensity below the contact-detection intensity threshold may be referred to as detecting a lift-off of the contact from the touch surface. In some embodiments, the contact-detection intensity threshold is zero. In some embodiments, the contact-detection intensity threshold is greater than zero.

[0153] In some embodiments described herein, one or more actions are performed in response to detecting a gesture including the respective pressure input or in response to detecting the respective pressure input performed by the respective contact(s), where the respective pressure inputs are detected based at least in part on detecting an increase in intensity of the contact(s) above a pressure input intensity threshold. In some embodiments, the respective actions are performed in response to detecting an increase in intensity of the respective contact(s) above a pressure input intensity threshold (e.g., a “downstroke” of the respective pressure input). In some embodiments, the pressure input includes an increase in intensity of the respective contact(s) above a pressure input intensity threshold followed by a decrease in intensity of the contact(s) below the pressure input intensity threshold, and the respective actions are performed in response to detecting a subsequent decrease in intensity of the respective contact(s) below the pressure input threshold (e.g., an “upstroke” of the respective pressure input).

[0154] In some embodiments, the device employs intensity hysteresis to avoid accidental input, sometimes referred to as “jitter,” and the device defines or selects a hysteresis intensity threshold that has a predetermined relationship to the pressure input intensity threshold (e.g., the hysteresis intensity threshold is X intensity units below the pressure input intensity threshold, or the hysteresis intensity threshold is 75%, 90%, or some reasonable percentage of the pressure input intensity threshold). Thus, in some embodiments, the pressure input includes an increase in the intensity of each contact above the pressure input intensity threshold followed by a decrease in the intensity of the contact below the hysteresis intensity threshold corresponding to the pressure input intensity threshold, and a respective action is performed in response to detecting a subsequent decrease in the intensity of each contact below the hysteresis intensity threshold (e.g., an “upstroke” of each pressure input). Similarly, in some embodiments, a pressure input is detected only when the device detects an increase in the intensity of the contact from an intensity below the hysteresis intensity threshold to an intensity above the pressure input intensity threshold, and optionally a subsequent decrease in the intensity of the contact to an intensity below the hysteresis intensity, and a respective action is performed in response to detecting the pressure input (e.g., an increase in the intensity of the contact or a decrease in the intensity of the contact, depending on the context).

[0155] For ease of explanation, descriptions of operations performed in response to a pressure input associated with a pressure input intensity threshold, or a gesture including a pressure input, are optionally triggered in response to detecting any of: an increase in the intensity of the contact above the pressure input intensity threshold, an increase in the intensity of the contact from an intensity below a hysteresis intensity threshold to an intensity above the pressure input intensity threshold, a decrease in the intensity of the contact below the pressure input intensity threshold, and / or a decrease in the intensity of the contact below a hysteresis intensity threshold corresponding to the pressure input intensity threshold. Further, in examples where an operation is described as being performed in response to detecting a decrease in the intensity of the contact below a pressure input intensity threshold, the operation is optionally performed in response to detecting a decrease in the intensity of the contact below a hysteresis intensity threshold corresponding to and lower than the pressure input intensity threshold.

[0156] Attention is now directed to embodiments of user interfaces (“UIs”) and related processes implemented on an electronic device such as portable multifunction device 100 , device 300 , or device 500 .

[0157] 6A-6S show exemplary user interfaces for scrolling and selecting items according to some embodiments. The user interfaces in these figures are used to illustrate processes described below, including the process of FIG.

[0158] 6A-6S illustrate exemplary user inputs and corresponding changes to a user interface (e.g., user interface 602) including a list of items that may be displayed on an electronic device such as electronic device 600 shown in FIG. 6A having display 601, which in some cases is a touch-sensitive display (e.g., 112). It should be understood that the scrolling and selection operations described herein may be performed in slightly different manners without departing from the scope of this disclosure. For example, a scrolling operation performed in a direction described herein as an upward direction may generally be performed in a downward direction, and vice versa. Similarly, a vertical scrolling direction may be performed horizontally. Furthermore, a command for changing the selection state of an item from a selected state to a deselected state may generally be performed to change the selection state from an unselected state to a selected state, and vice versa.

[0159] As described herein, the user interface 602 can operate in an edit mode and a non-edit mode. Figures 6A-6C illustrate various scrolling and selection operations that can be performed when the user interface 602 is in a non-edit mode.

[0160] As shown in FIG. 6A , electronic device 600 displays a user interface 602 having a list 604 and a preview pane 606. Electronic device 600 may include one or more features of devices 100, 300, and / or 500. List 604 includes items 608, which in FIG. 6A include emails in an inbox folder of an email application. Preview pane 606 displays a preview of the content of selected item 608 in list 604. In FIG. 6A , item 608-1 is selected, as indicated by highlight 610 on item 608-1, and a preview of the content of item 608-1 is displayed as preview content 607-1 in preview pane 606. It should be understood that the disclosed embodiments are not limited to lists of emails and thus may be implemented in other user interfaces including lists of items, such as lists of text messages, photos, files, or other items.

[0161] The user interface 602 includes a header region 605 with an edit affordance 603 that may be selected to transition to an edit mode in which an item 608 in the list 604 can be selected and, optionally, an action (e.g., deleting, archiving, forwarding, etc.) can be performed on the selected item.

[0162] 6A , electronic device 600 detects input 612 (e.g., input from a user of the electronic device) on list 604. Input 612 is a contact followed by an upward movement (e.g., a swipe) that is recognized by electronic device 600 as a scroll command. In response to detecting input 612, electronic device 600 scrolls items 608 on list 604 based on the movement (e.g., direction and magnitude) of input 612 on list 604 while maintaining selection of item 608-1. Specifically, list 604 scrolls down (e.g., item 608 moves upward in list 604).

[0163] 6B shows scrolled list 604 and scroll bar 614 that appears in response to input 612 and indicates the scrolled position of list 604. In some embodiments, scroll bar 614 appears in response to a scroll command, persists for a period of time after the scroll command, and disappears if no further scroll commands are received during that period. In FIG. 6B, item 608-1 remains selected, and preview pane 606 continues to display preview content 607-1.

[0164] 6B, the electronic device 600 detects an input 616 (e.g., a single-input tap gesture) on item 608-4. In response, the electronic device 600 selects item 608-4 and updates the preview pane 606 to display the contents 607-4 of item 608-4 without scrolling the list 604, as shown in FIG.

[0165] In Figure 6C, the electronic device 600 detects input 618 corresponding to a scroll command. In response, the electronic device 600 scrolls the list 604, as shown in Figure 6D. Specifically, the input 618 includes a downward movement (e.g., a downward swipe), and the list 604 scrolls up (e.g., the item 608 moves downward in the list 604).

[0166] In Figure 6D, list 604 has a scrolled position in response to input 618. Electronic device 600 detects input 620 (e.g., a two-input tap gesture) at item 608-2 and, in response, transitions to edit mode as shown in Figure 6E. In some embodiments, electronic device 600 incorporates a timing threshold for recognizing input 618 as a gesture for entering edit mode. In some embodiments, the threshold is a non-zero amount of time that is longer than the threshold amount of time for detecting a different touch gesture (e.g., a swipe). The larger threshold distinguishes the command to enter edit mode from a command in which a user uses two fingers to scroll a user interface.

[0167] 6E shows user interface 602 after transitioning to edit mode in response to input 620. Header region 605 is replaced with status region 626, which includes replacing edit affordance 603 with a cancel affordance 624 for exiting edit mode. When in edit mode, user interface 602 further includes action affordances 628-1, 628-2, and 628-3, each corresponding to an action to be performed on a selected item in list 604. For example, action affordance 628-1 corresponds to an action to mark the selected item, action affordance 628-2 corresponds to an action to move the selected item, and action affordance 628-3 corresponds to an action to delete the selected item.

[0168] Additionally, a status area 626 is displayed that provides an indication of the number of selected items in the list 604, and the preview pane 606 includes shading 630 to indicate that the preview pane 606 is not displaying preview content corresponding to the selected item 608 in edit mode. In some embodiments, the shading 630 has a semi-transparent appearance that overlays the preview content that was displayed the previous time edit mode was entered.

[0169] Upon entering the edit mode, the electronic device 600 also updates the item 608 to display a selection indicator affordance 622. Displaying the selection indicator affordance 622 provides an indication that the user interface 602 is in edit mode. Furthermore, each individual selection indicator affordance provides an indication of the selected state of the item on which the selection indicator affordance is displayed. Thus, each item 608 is selected or deselected by changing the state of its respective selection indicator affordance 622. For example, upon entering the edit mode in response to input 620 on item 608-2, the electronic device 600 displays the selection indicator affordance 622, including the selection indicator affordance 622-2 on item 608-2, which has a selected state indicating that item 608-2 was selected upon entering the edit mode (e.g., the selection indicator affordance 622-2 includes a check mark to represent the selected state).

[0170] The selection indicator affordance 622 typically alternates between a selected state and an unselected (or deselected) state in response to detected input. For example, in some embodiments, if the selection indicator affordance has a selected state, an input that changes the selected state of the selection indicator affordance will cause the electronic device to change the selection indicator affordance to an unselected or deselected state. Alternatively, if the selection indicator affordance has an unselected state, an input that changes the selected state of the selection indicator affordance will cause the electronic device to change the selection indicator affordance to a selected state. However, in some embodiments, the selection indicator affordance does not change state in response to an input if the received input corresponds to a command that transitions the selection indicator affordance to the current / existing state of the selection indicator affordance. For example, if the selection indicator affordance is currently already selected and a “select all” command is received (e.g., see FIGS. 8M-8N), the selection indicator affordance will remain in the selected state rather than switching to the unselected state. Similarly, if the selection indicator affordance currently has an unselected state, a command that transitions the selection indicator affordance to the unselected state (see, e.g., FIG. 8J) does not change the state of the selection indicator affordance to a selected state; instead, the selection indicator affordance remains unselected.

[0171] 6E, user interface 602 shows item 608-6 including selection indicator affordance 622-6 with an unselected state (e.g., selection indicator affordance 622-6 does not include a check mark). Electronic device 600 detects input 632 on item 608-6. Specifically, input 632 is a single input gesture (e.g., a tap gesture) located on a portion of item 608-6 other than selection indicator affordance 622-6. In response, electronic device 600 changes the selection state of item 608-6 to a selected state, updates selection indicator affordance 622-6 to represent this selection, and updates status region 626 to indicate that two items (e.g., 608-2 and 608-6) are selected, as shown in FIG. 6F.

[0172] In FIG. 6F, electronic device 600 detects input 634 (e.g., a single-input tap gesture) on selection indicator affordance 622-5 of item 608-5, and in response changes the selection state of item 608-5 to a selected state, updates selection indicator affordance 622-5 to a selected state, and updates status region 626 to indicate that three items (e.g., 608-2, 608-5, and 608-6) are selected, as shown in FIG. 6G.

[0173] 6G, electronic device 600 detects input 636 on selection indicator affordance 622-4 of item 608-4. Specifically, input 636 is a two-input gesture (e.g., a two-input tap gesture) located on item 608-4. In response, electronic device 600 changes the selection state of item 608-4 to a selected state, updates selection indicator affordance 622-4 to the selected state, and updates status region 626 to indicate that four items (e.g., 608-2, 608-4, 608-5, and 608-6) are selected, as shown in FIG. 6H.

[0174] 6E-6H show that individual items 608 can be selected in edit mode in various ways. For example, individual items can be selected via a single-input or two-input tap gesture on the respective item, or by selecting the respective item's selection indicator affordance. Furthermore, when the user interface is not in edit mode, a two-input tap gesture on the respective item causes the user interface to enter edit mode and select the item the two-input tap gesture was over.

[0175] Note that the electronic device responds differently to detected input depending on whether the user interface is operating in an edit mode or a non-edit mode. For example, items selected in edit mode are selected without any action automatically being performed on the selected items (other than a visual indication that the items are selected). Conversely, items selected when the user interface is not in edit mode have an action automatically performed on the respective items. For example, a preview of the contents of the selected items is displayed in the preview pane 606. As another example, in edit mode, multiple items can be selected simultaneously, but only one item can be selected at a time when the user interface is not in edit mode. As an additional example, in non-edit mode, certain gestures cause the electronic device 600 to scroll the list 604, but while in edit mode, such gestures can cause the electronic device 600 to select an item 608. Details of such gestures are provided in more detail below.

[0176] 6H, electronic device 600 detects input 638 (e.g., a single-input swipe gesture) on list 604 at a location on an item other than the location of a selection indicator affordance. In response, electronic device 600 scrolls list 604 without selecting additional items (previously selected items 608-2, 608-4, 608-5, and 608-6 remain selected), as shown in FIG. 6I. In some embodiments, status area 626 contracts in response to the upward movement of input 638, as shown in FIG. 6I.

[0177] In Figure 6I, the electronic device 600 detects an input 640 (e.g., a swipe gesture) on the selection indicator affordances 622-7 through 622-9 of each of the items 608-7 through 608-9. In response, the electronic device 600 selects the items 608-7 through 608-9, and the status region 626 is updated to indicate that the seven items 608 are selected, as shown in Figure 6J.

[0178] As described above, selection indicator affordances can alternate between states in response to various gestures. Thus, a gesture on a selection indicator affordance can select or deselect one or more selection indicator affordances, depending on the current state of the selection indicator affordances. For example, in FIG. 6I , input 640 transitions selection indicator affordances 622-7 through 622-9 from an unselected state to a selected state (e.g., thereby selecting the corresponding items 608-7 through 608-9). However, if selection indicator affordances 622-7 through 622-9 were selected before detecting input 640, electronic device 600 would have changed selection indicator affordances 622-7 through 622-9 to an unselected state (e.g., thereby deselecting the corresponding items 608-7 through 608-9). This change of state is true even if the gestures used to change the state are different. For example, FIGS. 6K-6L illustrate an embodiment in which a selected indicator affordance is deselected in response to input 642 on items 608-4-608-6.

[0179] As shown in FIG. 6K, input 642 is a two-input gesture (e.g., a two-input swipe, a two-input drag) that has movement across items 608-6 through 608-4 (e.g., the inputs need not be over the respective selection indicator affordances 622-6 through 622-4). In response, electronic device 600 deselects items 608-6, 608-5, and 608-4, as shown in FIG. 6L. In some embodiments, electronic device 600 selects or deselects item 608 when the two-input gesture includes a portion of the gesture that remains stationary for a threshold time (e.g., a tap and hold of the two inputs), followed by a second portion of the gesture that includes movement of the two inputs across the respective items (e.g., a drag of the two inputs). In some embodiments, the electronic device 600 scrolls the list 604 in response to a two-input gesture that does not have the first portion remaining stationary for a threshold time period (e.g., the two-input gesture is a two-finger swipe gesture).

[0180] 6L, status region 626 indicates that four items 608 are selected (e.g., items 608-2, and 608-7 through 608-9), and electronic device 600 detects input 644 (e.g., a single input gesture, a tap) on action affordance 628-3. In response, electronic device 600 performs a delete action on the selected items without taking any action on the unselected items, and exits edit mode.

[0181] 6M shows electronic device 600 displaying user interface 602 in a non-editing mode, with items 608-2 and 608-7 through 608-9 removed from list 604. Accordingly, item 608 no longer includes selection indicator affordance 622, and shading 630 is no longer displayed on preview pane 606. Additionally, status region 626 is no longer displayed, action affordances 628-1 through 628-3 are no longer displayed, and cancel affordance 624 has been replaced with edit affordance 603.

[0182] In FIG. 6M, the electronic device 600 detects an input 646 (e.g., a two-input tap gesture) on item 608-1 and, in response, re-enters edit mode and selects item 608-1, as shown in FIG. 6N (selection indicator affordance 622-1 is shown having a selected state).

[0183] In Figure 6O, electronic device 600 detects input 648 (e.g., a one-input swipe gesture) on successive selection indicator affordances 622-3 through 622-6 of respective items 608-3 through 608-6. As a result, selection indicator affordances 622-3 through 622-6 are shown as selected in Figure 6P, and status region 626 is updated to indicate that five items are selected.

[0184] In Figure 6P, electronic device 600 detects input 650 (e.g., a two-input tap gesture) on item 608-6 and deselects item 608-6 (e.g., selection indicator affordance 622-6 is deselected), as shown in Figure 6Q. Status region 626 is updated in Figure 6Q to indicate that four items are selected.

[0185] In Figure 6Q, electronic device 600 detects input 652 (e.g., a one-input swipe gesture) on selection indicator affordances 622-5 through 622-3 of respective items 608-5 through 608-3, which are then deselected as shown in Figure 6R. Status region 626 has been updated in Figure 6R to indicate that one item is selected.

[0186] In some embodiments, electronic device 600 exits edit mode in response to deselecting the item that was initially selected when edit mode was entered (e.g., the item on which a two-input tap gesture (e.g., input 646 of FIG. 6M) was detected in non-edit mode to enter edit mode). Thus, as shown in FIGS. 6R and 6S, electronic device 600 detects input 654 (e.g., a single-input tap gesture) on item 608-1. In response to detecting input 654, the electronic device deselects item 608-1 and exits edit mode, as shown in FIG. 6S. The input for deselecting an item that was selected when edit mode (e.g., 608-1) was entered may be an input other than a single-input gesture, as long as it is an input for deselecting the corresponding item. For example, input (e.g., input 654) may alternatively be a two-input tap gesture or deselection of selection indicator affordance 622-1. In some embodiments, the electronic device 600 exits edit mode upon deselection of an item (e.g., 608-1) that was selected when the edit mode was entered, even if other items in the list are selected when the corresponding item (e.g., 608-1) is deselected.

[0187] 7 is a flow diagram illustrating a method for selecting and scrolling through items using an electronic device according to some embodiments. Method 700 is performed on a device (e.g., 100, 300, 500, or 600) having a display and a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., 112). Some operations of method 700 are optionally combined, the order of some operations is optionally changed, and some operations are optionally omitted.

[0188] As described below, method 700 provides an intuitive way to selectively enter edit mode and edit items in edit mode. This method reduces the cognitive burden on the user when editing items, thereby creating a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated computing devices, allowing users to enter edit mode and edit items faster and more efficiently conserves power and extends the time between battery charges.

[0189] An electronic device (e.g., 600) having a display (e.g., 601) and a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., 112) displays (702) via the display a user interface (602) including a plurality of items (608) (e.g., graphical objects such as messages (e.g., emails, text messages), photos, files, etc.). In some embodiments, the plurality of items are presented within a scrollable user interface, such as a list (604).

[0190] While the user interface is in a first operating mode (e.g., a normal or non-editing mode in which items are not selectable and certain editing functions (e.g., 628-1, 628-2, 628-3) (e.g., copy, delete, forward, archive, move, duplicate, etc.) are not enabled), the electronic device detects (704) a first input (e.g., 616) (e.g., a one-input tap gesture) (e.g., 620) (e.g., a two-input tap gesture, an input including two simultaneous tap gestures) including a respective number of contacts (e.g., input 616 includes one contact on the touch-sensitive surface) (e.g., input 620 includes two contacts on the touch-sensitive surface) at a location on the user interface (e.g., 602) corresponding to a first item (e.g., 608-4) (e.g., 608-2) of the plurality of items (e.g., 608) (e.g., the first input is detected at a location on the display and / or touch-sensitive surface corresponding to the location of one of the items).

[0191] In response to detecting a first user input (706), in accordance with a determination that the first input (e.g., 616 / 620) is a stationary input (e.g., an input that does not move across the display and / or touch-sensitive surface) (e.g., 616) having a first number of contacts (e.g., a one-finger tap input), the electronic device performs (708) an action (e.g., opening the item, viewing the contents of the item, or performing an editing function on the item) associated with the first item (e.g., 608-4) (e.g., in FIG. 6C , item 608-4 is selected and preview pane 604-4 displays a preview of the contents of item 608-4).

[0192] In response to detecting a first user input (706), following a determination that the first input (e.g., 620) is a stationary input (e.g., a two-finger tap gesture) having a second number of contacts different from the first number of contacts (e.g., 620 is a two-input gesture), the electronic device switches (710) the user interface (e.g., 602) from a first operational mode to a second operational mode (e.g., an edit mode in which items are selectable and certain edit functions (e.g., 628-1, 628-2, 628-3) are enabled to perform functions on the selected item) without performing an action associated with the first item (e.g., 608-2) (and optionally selecting the first item in edit mode for a subsequent action). For example, in FIG. 6E , user interface 602 transitions to edit mode, but preview pane 606 still displays the contents of item 608-4, indicating that no action (e.g., previewing the contents) was performed on item 608-2. In some embodiments, when the second mode is enabled, an item (e.g., 608) is selectable (e.g., simultaneous selection of multiple items or sequential selection). In some embodiments, an item is considered selectable when its appearance can be changed individually and no action is automatically performed on the item whose appearance has been changed, such as opening the item, viewing its contents, or performing an editing function on the item. For example, when an item is highlighted or some other visual indicator is displayed for the item (e.g., selection indicator affordance 622 is selected), the item is selected, but no action is automatically performed on the item.In some embodiments, a selected item (e.g., 608-2 in FIG. 6E ) remains selected (e.g., has its appearance changed) until an action is initiated (e.g., by subsequent user input) on the item, such as deselecting (unselecting) the item (e.g., see FIG. 6K ), exiting edit mode, or performing an edit function on the selected item (e.g., see FIGS. 6L and 6M ). In some embodiments, when an item is unselected (without an action being performed on the item), the item reverts to its appearance prior to any change in its appearance. In some embodiments, an item's selectability is indicated by displaying a selection indicator affordance (e.g., 622) that can toggle between a selected state and a deselected (unselected) state to indicate the selected and deselected states of the item. Switching the user interface from a first operational mode to a second operational mode without performing an action associated with the first item when the first input is a stationary input having a second number of contacts different from the first number of contacts allows a user to quickly and easily switch from the first mode to the second mode without having to select a series of user interface objects, thereby reducing the number of inputs required to switch modes. This further provides the user with additional control options (e.g., for switching to the second mode) without having to clutter the user interface with additional displayed controls. These benefits improve device usability and make the user device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user make appropriate inputs and reducing user errors when operating / interacting with the device), which further reduces device power usage and improves battery life by allowing users to use the device more quickly and efficiently.

[0193] In some embodiments, switching a user interface (e.g., 602) from a first operational mode to a second operational mode without performing an action associated with the first item further includes selecting a first item of a plurality of items (e.g., 608) (see, e.g., selecting item 608-2 in FIG. 6E). Automatically selecting the first item when switching from the first mode to the second mode allows a user to simultaneously select the first item while in the second mode without having to select a series of user interface objects to make the selection, thereby reducing the number of inputs required to select an item in the second mode. This further provides the user with additional control options (e.g., for selecting an item while in the second mode) without having to clutter the user interface with additional displayed controls. These benefits improve device usability and make the user device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user make appropriate inputs and reducing user errors when operating / interacting with the device), which further reduces device power usage and improves battery life by allowing users to use the device more quickly and efficiently.

[0194] In some embodiments, while the electronic device is in the second mode of operation, the electronic device detects a third input (e.g., 654) corresponding to a request to deselect the selected first item (e.g., see deselecting item 608-1 in FIG. 6R). In some embodiments, in response to detecting the third input, the electronic device deselects the selected first item (e.g., 608-1) (e.g., switches the first item from a selected state to a deselected (unselected) state) and switches the user interface (e.g., 602) from the second mode of operation to the first mode of operation (e.g., see FIGS. 6R and 6S). In some embodiments, the third input (e.g., 654) displays a selection user interface object indicating that the first item is selected. The third input is a stationary input (e.g., detected at a location corresponding to a selection indicator affordance associated with (e.g., specifically associated with) the first item (e.g., selection indicator affordance 622-1). In some embodiments, the third input is a stationary input (e.g., a single-input gesture such as input 654 or a two-input gesture such as input 650) detected on the respective item (e.g., item 608-1 as shown in FIG. 6R). Deselecting the selected first item and switching the user interface from the second mode to the first mode in response to detecting an input corresponding to a request to deselect the first item while in the second mode allows the user to quickly and easily switch back from the second mode to the first mode without having to select a series of user interface objects, thereby reducing the number of inputs required to return to the first mode. Furthermore, this provides the user with additional control options (e.g., for switching from the second mode to the first mode) without having to clutter the user interface with additional controls displayed. These benefits improve the usability of the device and make the user device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user provide appropriate inputs and reducing user errors when operating / interacting with the device), which in turn reduces the device's power usage and improves battery life by allowing the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently.

[0195] In some embodiments, switching the user interface from the first operational mode to the second operational mode further includes displaying, for each item (e.g., 608) of the plurality of items, a selection user interface object (e.g., 622) (e.g., a selection indicator affordance) indicating a selection state of the item (e.g., each item is updated to include a selection indicator affordance indicating the selected state (selected / deselected) of the respective item). For example, in FIG. 6E , selection indicator affordance 622 is displayed when switching to edit mode. This provides a visual indication to the user that the user interface (e.g., 602) has switched from the first operational mode to the second operational mode. Providing improved visual feedback to the user improves device usability and makes the user-device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user provide appropriate inputs and reducing user errors when operating / interacting with the device), which in turn reduces device power usage and improves battery life by allowing the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently.

[0196] In some embodiments, the electronic device detects a fourth input (e.g., 640) (e.g., a single-input drag gesture, a drag gesture using one finger) including a first number of contacts (e.g., one contact) at locations corresponding to the selection user interface object (e.g., 622-7) (e.g., an affordance). In some embodiments, in response to detecting the fourth input (e.g., 640), the electronic device selects (e.g., or deselects) a subset of the plurality of items in accordance with a determination that the fourth input includes movement of the first number of contacts across a plurality of selection user interface objects (e.g., selection indicator affordances 622-7 through 622-9) associated with the subset of the plurality of items (e.g., items 608-7 through 608-9). In some embodiments, selecting (or deselecting) the subset of the plurality of items includes changing the appearance of a plurality of selection user interface objects associated with the subset of the plurality of items (e.g., changing a selection indicator affordance from an unselected state to a selected state, or from a selected state to an unselected state) (see, e.g., FIG. 6J ) without performing an action associated with the subset of the plurality of items. Selecting the subset of items when the fourth input includes moving the first number of contacts across a plurality of selection user interface objects associated with the plurality of items enables a user to quickly and easily select a plurality of items in the second mode without having to select a series of user interface objects, thereby reducing the number of inputs required to select items in the second mode. Furthermore, this provides the user with additional control options (e.g., for selecting items in the second mode) without having to clutter the user interface with additional displayed controls.These benefits improve the usability of the device and make the user device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user provide appropriate inputs and reducing user errors when operating / interacting with the device), which in turn reduces the device's power usage and improves battery life by allowing the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently.

[0197] In some embodiments, after switching the user interface from the first operating mode to the second operating mode, the electronic device detects movement of the first input (e.g., 642) from a location corresponding to the first item (e.g., 608-6) to a location corresponding to a third item (e.g., 608-4) of the plurality of items (e.g., 608). In some embodiments, the movement of the first input from the first item to the third item includes movement across one or more items (e.g., 608-5) positioned between the first item and the third item. In some embodiments, in response to detecting movement of the first input from a location corresponding to the first item to a location corresponding to a third item of the plurality of items, the electronic device selects (or deselects) a third item (e.g., 608-4) (e.g., without performing an action associated with the third item) in accordance with determining that the first input satisfies a first set of criteria, including a requirement that the first input remain stationary for a predetermined amount of time (e.g., a non-zero threshold amount of time) before the second number of contacts move to the location corresponding to the third item for the first set of criteria to be met. In some embodiments, the first item and the third item are separated by several items of the plurality of items, and items between the first and third items are selected (or deselected) as the first input moves from the first item to the third item (e.g., an item is selected as the first input moves over each item). For example, in FIG. 6K, input 642 is detected at item 608-6 and moves across item 608-5 to item 608-4. If items 608-4 through 608-6 are selected, and therefore input 642 meets the first set of criteria, items 608-4 through 608-6 change state (eg, become deselected), as shown in FIG. 6K.Selecting the third item when the first input includes a second number of contacts that remain stationary for a predetermined amount of time before moving to the third item allows the user to selectively scroll or select multiple items with a single gesture without having to select a series of user interface objects by simply controlling whether the contacts remain stationary for a threshold amount of time before moving, thereby reducing the number of inputs required to selectively select or scroll items in the second mode. This further provides the user with additional control options without having to clutter the user interface with additional displayed controls. These benefits improve device usability and make the user device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user make appropriate inputs and reducing user errors when operating / interacting with the device), which further reduces device power usage and improves battery life by allowing the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently.

[0198] In some embodiments, in response to detecting movement of a first input (e.g., 642) from a location corresponding to the first item to a location corresponding to a third item of the plurality of items, the electronic device scrolls the plurality of items (e.g., scrolls based on the direction and magnitude of movement of the first input) in accordance with determining that the first input does not meet a first set of criteria (e.g., the second number of contacts are not stationary for a predetermined amount of time). Scrolling the plurality of items when the first input does not meet the first set of criteria allows a user to selectively scroll or select multiple items with a single gesture without having to select a series of user interface objects by simply controlling whether the contacts are stationary for a threshold amount of time before moving, thereby reducing the number of inputs required to selectively select or scroll items in the second mode. This further provides the user with additional control options without having to clutter the user interface with additional displayed controls. These benefits improve the usability of the device and make the user device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user provide appropriate inputs and reducing user errors when operating / interacting with the device), which in turn reduces the device's power usage and improves battery life by allowing the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently.

[0199] While the electronic device (e.g., 600) is in the second mode of operation, the electronic device detects (712) a second input (e.g., 632 or 634) (e.g., a single-input tap gesture) (e.g., an input comprising a single-tap gesture) including a first number of contacts (e.g., one contact on the touch-sensitive surface) at a location (e.g., on the display and / or touch-sensitive surface) on the display (e.g., 601) corresponding to a second item (e.g., 608-6 or 608-5) of the plurality of items (e.g., 608). In some embodiments, the location on the display (e.g., 601) corresponding to the second item of the plurality of items is the location of a selection user interface object associated with the second item (e.g., selection indicator affordance 622-5 corresponding to item 608-5).

[0200] In response to detecting the second input, the electronic device selects (714) a second item (e.g., 608-6 or 608-5) without performing an action associated with the second item (e.g., indicating selection of the respective item by changing the appearance of the item or a portion of the item (e.g., 622-5 is selected for item 608-5) without automatically performing an action on the item, such as opening the item, viewing the contents of the item, or performing an edit function on the item). For example, in FIGS. 6F and 6G , item 608-5 is selected in response to input 634 on selection indicator affordance 622-5. Selecting a second item in response to a second input without performing an action associated with the second item allows a user to quickly and easily select multiple items in the second mode without having to select a series of user interface objects, thereby reducing the number of inputs required to select items in the second mode. Furthermore, this provides the user with additional control options (e.g., for selecting items in the second mode) without having to clutter the user interface with additional displayed controls. These benefits improve the usability of the device and make the user device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user provide appropriate inputs and reducing user errors when operating / interacting with the device), which in turn reduces the device's power usage and improves battery life by allowing the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently.

[0201] In some embodiments, while the user interface is in the second operational mode and while the first and second items are selected but the fourth item is not selected (e.g., in FIG. 6L , items 608-7 and 608-8 are selected but item 608-6 is not), the electronic device detects a request (e.g., input 644 on action affordance 628-3) to perform an action on a selected item of the plurality of items (e.g., open the item, view the contents of the item, perform an editing function on the item (e.g., copy, drag / move, delete, forward, archive, duplicate, etc.)). In some embodiments, in response to detecting the request, the electronic device performs the action on the first and second items of the plurality of items without performing the action on the fourth item (e.g., simultaneously perform the action on the first and second items). For example, as shown in FIGS. 6L and 6M , items 608-7 and 608-8 are deleted and item 608-6 is not deleted.

[0202] In some embodiments, while the user interface is in the second mode of operation, the electronic device detects a fifth input (e.g., 636) (e.g., a two-input tap gesture) (e.g., an input comprising two simultaneous tap gestures) including a second number of contacts (e.g., two contacts) at a location on the display (e.g., on the display and / or touch-sensitive surface) that corresponds to a fifth item (e.g., 608-4) of the plurality of items. In some embodiments, in response to detecting the fifth input, the electronic device selects the fifth item without performing an action associated with the fifth item (e.g., in FIG. 6H , item 608-4 is selected).

[0203] In some embodiments, the electronic device (e.g., 600) detects a sixth input (e.g., 638 or 612) including movement of a first number of contacts (e.g., a drag gesture) (e.g., a one-finger drag gesture) (e.g., while the user interface is in the first mode of operation or the second mode of operation). In some embodiments, in response to detecting the sixth input, following a determination that the user interface (e.g., 602) is in the first mode of operation and the movement of the first number of contacts initiated at a location on the plurality of items (e.g., in FIG. 6A , input 612 is detected on item 608) (e.g., anywhere on the plurality of items), the electronic device scrolls the plurality of items based on the movement of the first number of contacts (e.g., based on the direction and / or magnitude of the movement) (see, e.g., FIG. 6B ). In some embodiments, in response to detecting the sixth input, in accordance with determining that the user interface (e.g., 602) is in a second mode of operation and that movement of the first number of contacts was initiated at a location on the plurality of items other than a location corresponding to a selection user interface object (e.g., a selection affordance) (e.g., in FIG. 6H , input 638 is detected on item 608 at a location other than selection indicator affordance 622), the electronic device scrolls the plurality of items (e.g., 608) based on the movement of the first number of contacts (e.g., based on the direction and / or magnitude of the movement) (see FIG. 61 ). In some embodiments, when the user interface is in the first mode of operation, the sixth input causes the plurality of items to scroll when the sixth input is detected (e.g., initiated) anywhere on the plurality of items. In some embodiments, when the user interface is in the second mode of operation, the sixth input causes the plurality of items to scroll when the sixth input is detected (e.g., initiated) at a location on the plurality of items other than a location of a selection affordance. Alternatively, if the sixth input is initiated at a selection affordance, the sixth input causes the selection / deselection of the item corresponding to the selection affordance that the sixth input contacts (e.g., as shown in Figures 6I and 6J).

[0204] It should be noted that the processing details described above in connection with method 700 (e.g., FIG. 7) are applicable in a similar manner to the methods described below. For example, methods 900 and 1100 optionally include one or more of the characteristics of the various methods described above with reference to method 700. For example, edit mode can be exited by deselecting an item that was selected when entering edit mode. For the sake of brevity, these details will not be repeated below.

[0205] 8A-8R show exemplary user interfaces for scrolling and selecting items according to some embodiments, including scrolling and selecting an item. The user interfaces in these figures are used to illustrate processes described below, including the process of FIG.

[0206] As shown in FIGURE 8A, list 604 includes items 608, and preview pane 606 displays preview content 607-1 of selected item 608-1. Electronic device 600 detects input 802 (e.g., a two-input tap gesture) on item 608-4. In response, electronic device 600 transitions user interface 602 to edit mode, including displaying selected selection indicator affordance 622-4 to indicate selection of item 608-4 in edit mode, as shown in FIGURE 8B.

[0207] In FIG. 8C, the electronic device 600 detects an input 804 (eg, a single-input tap gesture) on the selection indicator affordance 622-5 to select the item 608-5.

[0208] 8D-8G illustrate example embodiments in which electronic device 600 performs auto-scrolling and selection of multiple items 608 in response to a single input (e.g., 806) maintained on display 601. In some embodiments, the auto-scrolling and selection behaviors described below are triggered based on where the input (e.g., 806) is detected. For example, in some embodiments, auto-scrolling and selection occurs when the input is detected on the selection affordance of an item that is the last displayed item (e.g., the fully displayed item) in a list. In some embodiments, auto-scrolling and selection occurs when the input is detected within an area near the edge of display 601. The auto-scrolling and selection behaviors reduce the number of inputs required to perform scrolling and selection operations, resulting in improved usability of the electronic device and a more efficient user device interface (e.g., by helping the user make appropriate inputs and reducing user errors when operating / interacting with the device), which in turn reduces the device's power usage and improves battery life by allowing the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently.

[0209] In FIG. 8D , the electronic device 600 detects an input 806 (e.g., a single-input tap-and-hold gesture) on the selection indicator affordance 622-6 to select an item 608-6. The item 608-6 is the last displayed item in the list 604 (e.g., the last item in the list 604 that is fully displayed on the screen). The electronic device 600 continues to detect the input 806, which is a stationary input maintained for a period of time. When the input 806 is held for longer than a threshold time period (e.g., a threshold greater than zero) (e.g., a threshold greater than the amount of time for detecting a tap input), the electronic device 600 begins automatically scrolling the items 608-6 without detecting any further input from the user. This scrolling behavior is illustrated in FIGS. 8E-8F . Scrolling continues as long as the input 806 is detected (or, in some embodiments, until the end of the scrollable list is reached).

[0210] In addition to scrolling through items 608 while input 806 continues, electronic device 600 selects each newly displayed item as it scrolls up in the list to the location of input 806. For example, in FIG. 8D , item 608-7 is displayed partially off-screen, and selection indicator affordance 622-7 is unselected. As input 806 is maintained, electronic device 600 scrolls item 608-7 up in list 604, selecting it when the displayed position of selection indicator affordance 622-7 reaches the location of input 806, as shown in FIG. 8E . This scrolling results in item 608-8 being displayed partially off-screen, and selection indicator affordance 622-8 being unselected.

[0211] As shown in FIG. 8F, automatic scrolling and selection continues while input 806 is maintained, resulting in items 608-8 and 608-9 being selected (e.g., via selection of selection indicator affordances 622-8 and 622-9), and item 608-10 and selection indicator affordance 622-10 being partially displayed with an unselected state.

[0212] In FIG. 8G, the electronic device 600 detects the end of the input 806 and, in response, terminates the auto-scroll and selection behavior.

[0213] 8G-8J illustrate embodiments in which electronic device 600 changes the selection state of multiple items by detecting the selection / deselection of a first item and subsequently a scroll command to change a subsequent item while maintaining the input that changed the selection state of the first item (in some embodiments, the scroll command is received before the input to select / deselect the first item). In some embodiments, the resulting selection state of the subsequent item is determined based on the changed selection state of the first item. For example, if the first item changes from a selected state to a deselected state, the subsequent item transitions to a deselected state (or remains deselected / unselected if already in a deselected / unselected state). Conversely, if the first item changes from an unselected state to a selected state, the subsequent item transitions to a selected state (or remains selected if already in a selected state).

[0214] In Figure 8G, electronic device 600 detects input 808 (e.g., a single-input touch-and-hold gesture) located at selection indicator affordance 622-6 of item 608-6 and, in response, deselects item 608-6 as shown in Figure 8H. The electronic device continues to detect input 808 and then detects input 810, which is a scroll command (e.g., a single-input scroll gesture).

[0215] In response to input 810, electronic device 600 scrolls list 604, deselecting items (e.g., items 608-5 and 608-4) as they scroll beneath input 808, which remains stationary on display 601. Because item 608-6 changed from a selected state to a deselected state in response to input 808, items that contact input 808 (while scrolling) transition to a deselected state (or remain deselected if they were already deselected; see, e.g., FIG. 8J). As shown in FIGS. 8H and 8I, selection indicator affordances 622-4 and 622-5 scroll beneath input 808 and become deselected when they intersect with the location of input 808, which remains stationary on display 601.

[0216] In FIG. 8J , the electronic device 600 no longer detects the input 810 (e.g., a scroll command), but the list of items continues scrolling with momentum in response to the input 810. As an item in the list continues scrolling and intersects with the input 808, the item is deselected. Again, the item is deselected because the state change of the first changed item was to an unselected state (e.g., item 608-6 was deselected in response to the input 808 in FIG. 8G ). As shown in FIG. 8J , the selection indicator affordance 622-3 of item 608-3 scrolls below the input 808 without changing its selection state. This is because the selection indicator affordance 622-3 was already in an unselected state. Therefore, the selection indicator affordance 622-3 remains in an unselected state rather than changing its selection state.

[0217] In some embodiments, a scroll command (e.g., 810) may be detected before the initial selection input (e.g., 808). For example, an input to scroll a list is received, then the device detects the selection input, and as an item scrolls under the selection input, the item changes selection state while the selection input is maintained on the display.

[0218] In some embodiments, the scroll command (e.g., 810) can include a series of scroll commands that cause a list of items to scroll at an accelerated pace while the input 808 is maintained on the display 601, selecting or deselecting items that scroll beneath the input (e.g., 808).

[0219] The scrolling and select / deselect actions shown in FIGS. 8G-8J allow a user to quickly and precisely select / deselect a large number of items in a list using short strings of inputs, something that cannot be achieved with swiping or other selection methods. For example, a select all command does not achieve the high precision of the scroll and select / deselect operations described above because the select all command does not allow the user to specify which items to select / deselect. A swipe command cannot select as many items as quickly as a scroll command because a swipe gesture is limited by the length of the displayed list of items, whereas scrolling with select / deselect moves through the list of items (e.g., at a faster rate than the user can swipe). Thus, the scrolling with select / deselection described above allows for faster and more precise selection / deselection of items than other methods. Furthermore, because scrolling with select / deselection uses fewer gestures than such other operations, the techniques described above require fewer inputs to select a large list of items, thereby conserving computing resources and battery power.

[0220] 8K-8O illustrate an embodiment for selecting an intervening set of items 608 in a list 604. In this embodiment, the electronic device 600 detects a tap input on a first item to select the first item, then detects a tap-and-hold input on a second item, and displays 1) options for selecting all items in the list, and 2) options for selecting the second item and items between the first and second items (e.g., intervening items). In some embodiments, the following steps can be performed in a similar manner to deselect a set of intervening items (or deselect all items).

[0221] In FIG. 8K, electronic device 600 detects input 812 (eg, a single-input tap gesture) on item 608-3 and, in response, selects item 608-3 as shown in FIG. 8L.

[0222] 8L, electronic device 600 detects input 814 (e.g., a single-input tap-and-hold gesture) on item 608-6. Input 814 is a tap-and-hold input. When electronic device 600 detects that input 814 is held for longer than a threshold amount of time (e.g., a non-zero threshold that is greater than the amount of time for detecting, for example, a tap input), electronic device 600 displays options interface 816 for selecting an item, as shown in FIG.

[0223] 8M , the options interface 816 includes a first portion, a “select all” affordance 816-1, corresponding to an option for selecting all items 608 in the list 604, and a second portion, a “select three” affordance 816-2, corresponding to an option for selecting item 608-6 and intervening items (e.g., items 608-4 and 608-5) between item 608-6 and the selected item 608-3. In addition to displaying the options interface 816, the electronic device 600 displays selection indicator affordances 622-4 through 622-6 with shading effects to indicate that the corresponding items 608-4 through 608-6 are selected when the “select three” affordance 816-2 is selected.

[0224] In Figure 8N, electronic device 600 detects input 818 (e.g., a single-input tap gesture) on "select three" affordance 816-2 and, in response, selects items 608-4 through 608-6 and changes selection indicator affordances 622-4 through 622-6 from a shaded state to a selected state, as shown in Figure 8O. As a result, seven items 608 are selected in list 604, as shown in status region 626.

[0225] In FIG. 8P, electronic device 600 detects a swipe gesture 820 on selection indicator affordances 622-5 through 622-3 and, in response, deselects items 608-5 through 608-3, as shown in FIG. 8Q.

[0226] In FIG. 8Q, device 600 detects input 822 on cancel affordance 624 and, in response, exits edit mode as shown in FIG. 8R.

[0227] 9 is a flow diagram illustrating a method for selecting and scrolling through items using an electronic device according to some embodiments. Method 900 is performed on a device (e.g., 100, 300, 500, 600) having a display and a touch-sensitive surface. Some operations of method 900 are optionally combined, the order of some operations is optionally changed, and some operations are optionally omitted.

[0228] As described below, method 900 provides an intuitive way to select or deselect items while scrolling through items in a user interface. This method reduces the cognitive burden on a user when selecting or deselecting items, thereby creating a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated computing devices, allowing users to select and deselect items more quickly and efficiently conserves power and extends the time between battery charges.

[0229] An electronic device (e.g., 600) having a display (e.g., 601) and a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., 601) (e.g., 112) displays (902) via the display a user interface (602) including a plurality of items (608) (e.g., a list of graphical objects such as messages (e.g., emails, text messages), photos, files, etc.).

[0230] The electronic device detects (904) a first input (e.g., 808) (e.g., a touch input, a touch-and-hold input, a touch-and-drag input, a swipe gesture) at a location on the display corresponding to a first item (e.g., 608-6) of the plurality of items. In some embodiments, the first input is a stationary input. In some embodiments, the first input is an input having a single point of contact on the display. In some embodiments, the electronic device detects a user holding a finger over a selection affordance (e.g., 622-6). In some embodiments, the electronic device detects a touch-and-drag gesture or a swipe gesture initiated on the selection affordance.

[0231] In some embodiments, the first input is a stationary input (e.g., the first input remains stationary while scrolling). In some embodiments, the content (e.g., item 608) displayed on the display (e.g., 601) moves relative to the position of the first input on the touch-sensitive surface. For example, the first input (e.g., 808) is a continuous contact at a single contact point on the touch-sensitive surface, and the displayed list scrolls along the display (e.g., under the contact on the display) while the first input contact remains stationary (see, e.g., Figures 8H-8J).

[0232] In response to detecting a first input (e.g., 808) at a location on the display corresponding to a first item (e.g., 608-6), the electronic device changes (906) the selection state of the first item (e.g., see deselection of item 608-6 (and selection indicator affordance 622-6) in Figures 8G and 8H) (e.g., changing the first item from an unselected state to a selected state, or from a selected state to a deselected (unselected) state).

[0233] In some embodiments, changing the selection state of the first item (e.g., 608-6) includes changing the selection state of the first item to an unselected state in accordance with a determination that the selection state of the first item is a selected state, and changing the selection state of the first item to a selected state in accordance with a determination that the selection state of the first item is an unselected state.

[0234] In some embodiments, further responsive to detecting a first input (e.g., 808 or 806) before detecting a second input (e.g., 810), the first input is maintained (e.g., maintained in the same location for a predetermined period of time) (e.g., maintained for a threshold amount of time for detecting (e.g., classifying, authenticating) a first type of touch input (e.g., tap input, swipe gesture)) (e.g., maintained for an amount of time required to classify the detected input as a particular gesture (e.g., valid gesture)) and / or to classify the detected input as an invalid gesture (e.g., In accordance with a determination that the first item (e.g., 608-6) is at the end (e.g., top or bottom) of the displayed plurality of items (e.g., 608) in the user interface (see, e.g., FIG. 8D), the electronic device (e.g., 600) scrolls (e.g., automatically without requiring further user input) the plurality of items (e.g., 608) after changing the selection state of the first item (e.g., scrolling the plurality of items while continuing to detect the first input) (see, e.g., FIGS. 8D-8F). In some embodiments, when the first item is at the end of the list of displayed items, the electronic device automatically scrolls the list of items after the first item is selected / deselected. Scrolling the items after changing the selection state of the first item when the first input is on an item at the end of the displayed items and maintained for a threshold amount of time allows the user to automatically scroll through the list of items without having to select additional user interface objects, thereby reducing the number of inputs required to perform the scrolling operation. This further provides the user with additional control options without having to clutter the user interface with additional displayed controls.These benefits improve the usability of the device and make the user device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user provide appropriate inputs and reducing user errors when operating / interacting with the device), which in turn reduces the device's power usage and improves battery life by allowing the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently.

[0235] In some embodiments, scrolling the plurality of items after changing the selection state of the first item includes displaying one or more new items of the plurality of items (e.g., in FIGS. 8D-8F , items 608-7 through 608-10 are displayed as item 608 scrolls) (e.g., displaying the new items as the plurality of items is scrolled) and changing the selection state of one or more new items of the plurality of items (e.g., selecting or deselecting the new items as the new items are displayed while the plurality of items are scrolled). In some embodiments, when the first input is maintained, new items are displayed as the list of items scrolls automatically, and the new items are selected / deselected as they are displayed. Displaying new items and changing the selection state of the new items while scrolling allows the user to automatically select items without having to select additional user interface objects to select or scroll to the new items, thereby reducing the number of inputs required to select an item. Furthermore, this provides the user with additional control options without having to clutter the user interface with additional displayed controls. These benefits improve the usability of the device, make the user device interface more efficient (e.g., by assisting the user in providing appropriate inputs when operating / interacting with the device and reducing user errors), which in turn reduces the device's power usage and improves battery life by allowing the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently.

[0236] In some embodiments, while scrolling through the plurality of items after changing the selection state of the first item (e.g., and while continuing to detect the first input (e.g., 806)), the electronic device (e.g., 600) stops scrolling through the plurality of items pursuant to a determination that the last item (e.g., 608) of the plurality of items has been selected. In some embodiments, while scrolling through the plurality of items after changing the selection state of the first item, the electronic device stops scrolling through the plurality of items pursuant to a determination that the first input (e.g., 806) has ended. In some embodiments, when the first input (e.g., 806) is maintained, the list of items continues to scroll until the first input has ended or until the last item (e.g., the item at the end of the list of items) of the plurality of items has been selected.

[0237] After changing the selection state of the first item (e.g., 608-6 in FIG. 8H), the electronic device detects 908 a second input (e.g., 810) corresponding to a request to scroll the user interface (e.g., the plurality of items 608). In some embodiments, the second input corresponding to the request to scroll the plurality of items is a separate touch input (e.g., a touch gesture separate from the first input) (e.g., a touch-and-drag gesture, a swipe gesture) from the first input.

[0238] In response to detecting (910) a second input (e.g., 810), in accordance with determining that the first input (e.g., 808) is maintained on the display (e.g., 601), the electronic device changes (912) the selection state of one or more items (e.g., items 608-4 and 608-5 in FIG. 8I) while scrolling through the items (e.g., one or more items passing under the first input). Changing the selection state of one or more items while scrolling when the first input is maintained on the display allows a user to quickly and easily select multiple items with fewer gestures, without having to select a series of user interface objects, thereby reducing the number of inputs required to select multiple items. This further provides the user with additional control options without having to clutter the user interface with additional controls displayed. These benefits improve the usability of the device, make the user device interface more efficient (e.g., by assisting the user in providing appropriate inputs when operating / interacting with the device and reducing user errors), which in turn reduces the device's power usage and improves battery life by allowing the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently.

[0239] In some embodiments, in response to detecting the second input (e.g., 810), in accordance with determining that a respective one (or more) of the scrolling items (e.g., 608-3) has the same state as the changed selection state of the first item (e.g., 608-6), the electronic device (e.g., 600) ceases changing the selection state of that respective one of the scrolling items. For example, in FIG. 8H , item 608-6 changes to an unselected state in response to input 808. While item 608 scrolls in response to input 810 in FIGS. 8H-8J, item 608-3 scrolls below input 808. Because item 608-3 has the same state (e.g., unselected) as the changed selection state of item 608-6, device 600 does not change the selection state of item 608-3, and item 608-3 remains unselected, as shown in FIG. 8J. By canceling the selection state change of a scrolling item when it has the same state as the changed state of the first item, a user can quickly scroll through a list of items and set the selection state of all scrolling items without having to select additional user interface objects, thereby reducing the number of inputs required to set the selection state of items while scrolling. This also provides the user with additional control options without having to clutter the user interface with additional displayed controls. These benefits improve device usability and make the user device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user make appropriate inputs and reducing user errors when operating / interacting with the device), which in turn reduces the device's power usage and improves battery life by allowing the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently.

[0240] In some embodiments, after changing the selection state of one or more items while scrolling through the plurality of items, the electronic device detects a third input (e.g., 814) (e.g., a stationary input, e.g., a touch-and-hold input) on a third item of the plurality of items (e.g., item 608-6 is selected with input 814 in FIG. 8L). In some embodiments, the third item is separated from a second item of the plurality of items (e.g., item 608-3 in FIG. 8L) by one or more intervening items of the plurality of items (e.g., items 608-4 and 608-5 in FIG. 8L).

[0241] In some embodiments, in response to detecting a third input (e.g., 814), in accordance with determining that the third input satisfies a first set of criteria (e.g., the third input is maintained for a threshold time), the electronic device displays an intervening selection user interface object (e.g., 816-2 of 816) (e.g., an affordance including options for selecting / deselecting the third item and one or more intervening items) that, when selected, changes the selection state of the third item and the selection states of one or more intervening items of the plurality of items (e.g., selects / deselects the third item and the intervening items). In some embodiments, the intervening selection affordance is selected in response to detecting an input (e.g., 818) (e.g., a touch input, e.g., a tap input) on the intervening selection affordance (e.g., 816-2). In some embodiments, the intervening selection affordance displays a number corresponding to the number of items to be selected / deselected in response to selection of the intervening selection affordance. Displaying items and intervening selection user interface objects for changing the selection state of the intervening items allows a user to quickly select an intervening section of items without having to select the items individually, thereby reducing the number of inputs required to select a subset of items. This, in turn, provides the user with additional control options without having to clutter the user interface with additional displayed controls. These benefits improve device usability and make the user-device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user make appropriate inputs and reducing user errors when operating / interacting with the device), which in turn reduces the device's power usage and improves battery life by allowing the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently.

[0242] In some embodiments, further responsive to detecting the third input (e.g., 814), in accordance with determining that the third input satisfies the first set of criteria, the electronic device displays (e.g., without displaying on other items of the plurality of items) selection user interface objects (e.g., 622-4, 622-5, 622-6) (e.g., selection indicator affordances) for each of the third item (e.g., 608-6) and one or more intervening items (e.g., 608-4 and 608-5) in a pre-selected state (e.g., as shown in FIGS. 8M and 8N ) having an appearance indicating that the respective item is marked for possible selection. In some embodiments, displaying the selection indicator affordances with pre-selected states includes providing a user with an indication of the items that will be selected in response to selection of the intervening selection affordances (e.g., shading at the selection indicator affordances 622-4 through 622-6).

[0243] In some embodiments, displaying the intervening selection user interface object (e.g., 816) further includes displaying an all-selection user interface object (e.g., 816-1) (e.g., a select all affordance, e.g., a deselect all affordance) that, when selected, sets the selection state of all items (e.g., 608) of the plurality of items to the selection state associated with the all-selection user interface object (e.g., setting all items to a selected / deselected state).

[0244] In response to detecting a second input (e.g., 810) (910), in accordance with determining that the first input is not maintained on the display, the electronic device scrolls (914) the plurality of items (e.g., 608) without changing the selection state of one or more items of the plurality of items. Scrolling the items without changing the selection state of the items when the first input is not maintained on the display allows a user to selectively scroll items with or without selecting them without having to select a series of user interface objects simply by controlling whether or not to maintain the first input on the display, thereby reducing the number of inputs required to perform scrolling with selective item selection. This further provides the user with additional control options without having to clutter the user interface with additional displayed controls. These benefits improve device usability and make the user-device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user make appropriate inputs and reducing user errors when operating / interacting with the device), which further reduces device power usage and improves battery life by allowing users to use the device more quickly and efficiently.

[0245] It should be noted that the details of the process (e.g., FIG. 9) described above with respect to method 900 are also applicable in an analogous manner to the methods described above and below. For example, methods 700 and 1100 optionally include one or more of the characteristics of the various methods described above with reference to method 900. For example, in response to being selected or deselected, the selection state of an item in the user interface changes from a selected state to an unselected state, or from an unselected state to an unselected state, depending on the current selection state of the item when selected / deselected. For the sake of brevity, these details are not repeated.

[0246] 10A-10W show exemplary user interfaces for scrolling through items according to some embodiments. The user interfaces in these figures are used to illustrate processes described below, including the process of FIG.

[0247] In some embodiments, the user interface 602 has a first scrolling mode in which scrolling movement of the items 608 in the list 604 mimics movement of an input on the items 608, as shown in FIGS. 10A-10G. In some embodiments, the user interface 602 has a second scrolling mode in which the items 608 in the list 604 are scrolled in response to movement of an input on a scrolling progress indicator (e.g., movement of the position of the scroll bar 614, activation of the indexed scrub indicator 1018). Various embodiments of the second scrolling mode are shown in FIGS. 10H-10W. In some embodiments, the electronic device 600 transitions from the first scrolling mode to the second scrolling mode in response to detecting a stationary input on the scroll bar 614 for at least a threshold amount of time (e.g., a non-zero threshold greater than the amount of time for detecting other touch gestures, such as a tap gesture or a swipe). When the electronic device 600 transitions to the second scrolling mode, the list of items is scrolled in response to movement of the input on the scroll bar 614 that transitioned the electronic device 600 to the second scrolling mode. In other words, after transitioning to the second mode, a stationary input on the scroll bar 614 can be moved to control scrolling in the second mode.

[0248] As shown in FIG. 10A , list 604 includes items 608, and preview pane 606 displays preview content 607-1 of selected item 608-1. Electronic device 600 detects a scroll input 1002 (e.g., a single-input swipe gesture in an upward direction) on item 608. In response, electronic device 600 scrolls item 608 based on the direction and magnitude of scroll input 1002 and displays scroll bar 614 as shown in FIG. 10B . Specifically, scroll input 1002 is a swipe gesture in an upward direction on display 601. Because user interface 602 is in a first scroll mode, list 604 scrolls down (e.g., item 608 moves in an upward direction on display 601) as shown in FIG. 10B .

[0249] 10B, a scroll bar 614 is displayed alongside the list 604. The scroll bar has a scrollable position alongside the items 608 in the list 604, extending from a top edge 1004 to a bottom edge 1006. When the list 604 is scrolled to the top item (e.g., item 608-1 is fully displayed as shown in FIG. 10A), the scroll bar 614 is positioned adjacent to the top edge 1004. When the list 604 is scrolled to the bottom item (e.g., the last item in the list 604 is fully displayed), the scroll bar 614 is positioned adjacent to the bottom edge 1006. Thus, in some embodiments, the length of the displayed portion of list 604 (e.g., between top edge 1004 and bottom edge 1006) represents the scrollable range (e.g., length) of the list of items, and the relative position of scroll bar 614 between top edge 1004 and bottom edge 1006 represents the scrolled position of item 608 in list 604. Thus, the number of items 608 scrolled for a given amount of movement of the scroll bar (e.g., when scrolling in the second mode) is proportional to the length of the list. For example, if a scrolling gesture moves the scroll bar 25% of the length of the distance between edge 1004 and edge 1006, the number of items scrolled will be greater for longer lists and less for shorter lists. Thus, one of the advantages of the second scrolling method (as compared to the first scrolling method) is the ability to quickly scroll through large lists with less effort and input, as discussed in more detail below.

[0250] In some embodiments, scrollbar 614 has a size roughly proportional to the total length of the list of items (e.g., the scrollbar is smaller for longer lists and larger for shorter lists). In some embodiments, header region 605 expands and contracts with scrolling. For example, when list 604 is scrolled to the top, header region 605 has an expanded appearance as shown in FIG. 10A (in some cases, the header region expands even more, for example, when displaying a rubber band animation). When list 604 is scrolled to a position other than the top of the list, header region 605 has a contracted appearance as shown in FIG. 10B.

[0251] In some embodiments, scroll bar 614 is briefly displayed in response to a scroll command (e.g., scroll input 1002) and disappears after a predetermined time if electronic device 600 detects no further input on item 608. For example, in FIG. 10B , electronic device 600 detects no further input after scroll input 1002. In response, electronic device 600 stops displaying scroll bar 614 after a predetermined time, as shown in FIG. 10C .

[0252] 10D, the electronic device 600 detects a scroll input 1008 on an item 608. In response, the electronic device 600 displays a scroll bar 614 and scrolls the list 604, as shown in FIG. 10E. Specifically, the scroll input 1008 is a downward swipe gesture on the display 601. Because the user interface 602 is in the first scrolling mode, the list 604 scrolls up (e.g., the item 608 moves downward on the display 601). Furthermore, the scroll input 1008 is a short scroll gesture, and thus, as shown in FIG. 10E, the electronic device 600 scrolls the list 604 a short distance.

[0253] 10E and 10F show example embodiments in which an input on scroll bar 614 does not trigger a transition to the second scrolling mode (e.g., the input does not include a stationary component or the stationary component is too short to trigger a transition). As a result, this gesture causes electronic device 600 to scroll in the first mode rather than the second mode.

[0254] In FIG. 10E, the electronic device 600 detects input 1010 on the scroll bar 614 before the scroll bar 614 disappears. The input 1010 is insufficient to transition from the first scrolling mode to the second scrolling mode. For example, the user touches the scroll bar 614 and drags it downward without waiting for the scroll bar 614 to become interactive (e.g., the input 1010 either does not include a stationary portion, or the stationary portion is less than the threshold amount of time required to activate the second scrolling mode). Because the input 1010 does not remain stationary on the scroll bar 614 for the threshold amount of time, the electronic device remains in the first scrolling mode, and the input 1010 results in a regular scrolling gesture, as shown in FIG. 10F. That is, the electronic device 600 scrolls the list 604 by scrolling up in the list of items 608 based on the magnitude and direction of movement of the input 1010 (e.g., the items 608 move in an upward direction on the display 601). In FIG. 10F, the electronic device 600 displays the list 604 that has scrolled to the top and no longer displays the scroll bar 614.

[0255] As described above, electronic device 600 transitions from the first scrolling mode to the second scrolling mode in response to detecting a stationary input on scrollbar 614 for at least a threshold amount of time (e.g., a non-zero threshold greater than the amount of time for detecting other touch gestures, such as a tap gesture or a swipe (e.g., input 1010)). When electronic device 600 transitions to the second scrolling mode, the list of items is scrolled in response to movement of the input on scrollbar 614. In other words, after transitioning to the second mode, the input on scrollbar 614 is maintained and can then be moved to control scrolling in the second mode. FIGS. 10G-10I show a sequence of inputs for transitioning electronic device 600 from the first scrolling mode to the second scrolling mode.

[0256] For example, in FIG. 10G , electronic device 600 detects scroll input 1012 and, in response, scrolls list 604 and displays scroll bar 614. In FIG. 10H , device 600 detects input 1014 on scroll bar 614. In this embodiment, input 1014 is located on scroll bar 614 (e.g., within detection area 1015) and remains stationary for at least a threshold amount of time to activate a second scrolling mode. In response, electronic device enters a second scrolling mode in which items in the list are scrolled by moving the input (e.g., movement input 1014) on scroll bar 614. In some embodiments, when the second scrolling mode is activated, electronic device 600 displays an animation that increases the size (e.g., width and, optionally, length) of scroll bar 614, as shown by enlarged scroll bar 614-1 in FIG. 10I . The animation is a visual confirmation to the user that the device is currently operating in the second scrolling mode. Because the second scrolling mode is controlled by the user's continued finger placement on the scroll bar, increasing the size of the scroll bar allows the user to more easily see the scroll bar while their finger is positioned on the scroll bar. In some embodiments, the electronic device 600 generates a tactile output 1017 (e.g., a tactile response) (e.g., a tactile output with or without an audio output) when transitioning to the second scrolling mode.

[0257] In some embodiments, when the electronic device transitions to the second scrolling mode, the electronic device displays scroll bar 614 having the appearance of a scroll bar including a thumb portion positioned and displayed in a trough portion (e.g., the trough portion extends between edge 1004 and edge 1006). In such embodiments, the list is scrolled by dragging the thumb within the trough.

[0258] As briefly mentioned above, in some embodiments, when the electronic device 600 detects an input within a detection area 1015 around the scroll bar 614, the electronic device considers the input to be positioned on the scroll bar. In some embodiments, the size of the detection area 1015 is dynamic. In other words, as the scroll bar size decreases, the size of the detection area decreases, and as the scroll bar increases, the detection area increases. In some embodiments, the detection area 1015 is always larger than the size of the scroll bar 614.

[0259] 10I-10O show an exemplary embodiment in which the list 604 is scrolled in a second scrolling mode.

[0260] In FIG. 10I , the electronic device 600 is in a second scroll mode (e.g., as indicated by the enlarged scroll bar 614-1) and continues to detect the input 1014 maintained on the enlarged scroll bar 614-1. In FIG. 10J , the electronic device detects movement 1014-1 of the input 1014 (e.g., a downward drag) and, in response, scrolls the list 604 in response to the detected movement 1014-1 of the input 1014. Because the electronic device is in the second scroll mode, the list is scrolled in the direction of movement 1014-1. For example, as shown in FIG. 10K , the list 604 is scrolled downward with movement 1014-1 (e.g., item 608 moves in an upward direction). It should be understood that an upward drag gesture can scroll the list 604 in the opposite direction (e.g., up). By comparison, if the electronic device were in the first scroll mode, downward movement 1014-1 would instead cause the list to scroll up (e.g., item 608 would move in a downward direction).

[0261] 10L-10O illustrate another scrolling response of electronic device 600 while in the second scrolling mode. In this example, the user continues typing on the scroll bar and then flicks their finger in an upward direction (e.g., toward the top of display 601). In response, the electronic device causes the user interface to jump to the beginning of the list. It should be understood that a downward flick (e.g., toward the bottom of display 601) would cause the electronic device to jump to the end of the list.

[0262] In FIG. 10L, the electronic device 600 continues to detect input 1014 on the enlarged scrollbar 614-1 and detects a subsequent movement 1014-2, which is a flick gesture (e.g., a short movement just before the end of the input 1014) in an upward direction (e.g., toward the top of the list 604). In response, the electronic device jumps (e.g., quickly scrolls) to the beginning of the list 604. In some embodiments, the jump to the beginning of the list includes displaying the list quickly scrolling to the beginning of the list. In some embodiments, the jump to the beginning of the list is instantaneous (e.g., no scrolling of the list is shown). The scrollbar 614 moves to edge 1004 and returns to its original appearance (e.g., thinner and optionally shorter), as shown in FIG. 10M.

[0263] In some embodiments, the flick action is indicated by a "rubber band" animation shown in FIGS. 10N and 10O. In the rubber band action, as shown in FIG. 10N, header region 605 stretches downward and scroll bar 614 compresses when it reaches edge 1004. As shown in FIG. 10O, header region 605 then returns to its previous appearance and scroll bar 614 uncompresses and returns to its previous size. This rubber band animation causes scroll bar 614 to briefly appear compressed due to the inertia of the flick gesture's rapid movement to the top of the list. It should be understood that a flick gesture can be performed in the opposite direction to scroll to the opposite end of the list. For example, if the user flicks the scroll bar toward the bottom of display 601 (e.g., a downward flick), the list of items is scrolled to the end of the list in a manner similar to that described above for an upward flick.

[0264] 10P-10W illustrate various embodiments in which the second mode of scrolling is implemented using an indexed scrub indicator. 10P-10T illustrate embodiments in which the indexed scrub indicator is displayed centered on the location of an input that initiates the transition to the second scroll mode. 10U-10V illustrate embodiments in which the indexed scrub indicator is displayed in a central region of the displayed list. 10W illustrates an embodiment in which the indexed scrub indicator is displayed adjacent to the input that initiates the transition to the second scroll mode. In some embodiments, the indexed scrub indicator is displayed in response to an input on a scroll bar. In some embodiments, the indexed scrub indicator is displayed when the user touches the edge of the list 604 (e.g., within the area where the scroll bar would normally be displayed), even if the scroll bar is not displayed.

[0265] 10P shows a user input 1016 detected on the scroll bar 614, transitioning the electronic device from a first scrolling mode to a second scrolling mode. The scroll bar 614 is positioned toward the top of the list 604. When the input 1016 is maintained, the electronic device replaces the scroll bar 614 with an indexed scrub indicator 1018. In FIGS. 10Q and 10R, the indexed scrub indicator 1018 is displayed with an animation in which the indexed scrub indicator appears at the location of the input 1016 and extends from the location of the input 1016, but has a position centered at the location of the input 1016. In some embodiments, the indexed scrub indicator 1018 is displayed without the extending animation.

[0266] In Figure 10R, the input 1016 is maintained, and the indexed scrub indicator 1018 is displayed with a series of index points corresponding to relative scrollable positions within the list 604. As shown in Figure 10R, index point 1018-1 is selected to indicate a current scrollable position in the index of scrollable positions represented by the indexed scrub indicator 1018. The electronic device 600 detects movement 1016-1 of the input 1016 in a downward direction, as shown in Figure 10S, and in response, scrolls the list 604 to the indexed scroll position corresponding to the movement of the input 1016. Index point 1018-2 is selected in Figure 10S to indicate an updated scroll position of the list 604 relative to the index of scrollable positions represented by the indexed scrub indicator 1018.

[0267] In FIG. 10T, the electronic device 600 detects the end of the input 1016 and, in response, stops displaying the indexed scrub indicator 1018 and transitions back to the first scroll mode.

[0268] 10U-10W show alternative embodiments in which the indexed scrub indicator is displayed in different locations. In Figures 10U and 10V, the indexed scrub indicator 1018 is displayed in an approximately central location of the list 604. In Figure 10U, the electronic device detects an input 1020 at the scroll bar 614 (or, optionally, at a side edge of the list 604 when the scroll bar 614 is not displayed), as shown in Figure 10V, and transitions the electronic device to a second scrolling mode, displaying the indexed scrub indicator 1020 in a central location of the list 604.

[0269] 10W , the electronic device 600 detects an input 1022 on the list 604 and displays an indexed scrub indicator 1018 adjacent to the input 1022. This embodiment can be implemented when the input is located at or near an edge of the list 604 (e.g., edge 1004 or edge 1006) (as opposed to an embodiment in which the indexed scrub indicator 1018 is displayed centered around the contact). In such a situation, the indexed scrub indicator is displayed opposite the edge near the input. For example, if the input is located at or near the top edge 1004, the indexed scrub indicator 1018 is displayed at and below the input. Conversely, if the input is located at or near the bottom edge 1006, the indexed scrub indicator 1018 is displayed at and above the input. This embodiment can be implemented in a similar manner when the contact is located at or near an edge of the display 601.

[0270] The indexed scrub indicators 1018 displayed in Figures 10V and 10W behave in the same manner as the indexed scrub indicators 1018 displayed in Figures 10R and 10S described above.

[0271] The above-described embodiments provide advantages over traditional scrolling methods, such as those that persistently display a scroll bar and, optionally, a scroll track, and that use a cursor or mouse to interact with the scroll bar. For example, the foregoing embodiments enable active scrolling of many items without requiring the display of additional UI components, such as a cursor, to select the scroll bar. The above-described embodiments therefore provide a more streamlined and simplified scrolling user interface that, due to its clutter-free nature, can be implemented on devices with smaller form factors, such as wearable and mobile devices.

[0272] 11 is a flow diagram illustrating a method for selecting and scrolling through items using an electronic device according to some embodiments. Method 1100 is performed on a device (e.g., 100, 300, 500, 600) having a display and a touch-sensitive surface. Some operations of method 1100 are optionally combined, the order of some operations is optionally changed, and some operations are optionally omitted.

[0273] As described below, method 1100 provides an intuitive way to scroll through a user interface. This method reduces the cognitive burden on the user when navigating the user interface at various speeds, thereby creating a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated computing devices, allowing users to scroll through the user interface more quickly and efficiently conserves power and extends the time between battery charges.

[0274] An electronic device (e.g., 600) having a display (e.g., 601) and a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., 601) (e.g., 112) displays (1102) via the display a user interface (e.g., 602) including a plurality of items (e.g., 608) (e.g., a list of graphical objects such as messages (e.g., emails, text messages), photos, files, etc.).

[0275] The electronic device detects 1104 a first input (eg, 1012) corresponding to a request to scroll a user interface.

[0276] In response to detecting a first input (e.g., 1012), the electronic device scrolls (1106) the user interface and displays (1106) a scrolling progress indicator (e.g., 614) (e.g., a graphical object including a scroll track (e.g., trough / gutter) (e.g., the distance between edge 1004 and edge 1006) representing a scrollable range of the user interface (e.g., 604) and a scroll bar (e.g., 614) (e.g., a thumb) representing the position of the displayed portion of the user interface in relation to the entire scrollable range of the user interface) (e.g., temporarily display, initially display, introduce display of the scrolling progress indicator, e.g., the scrolling progress indicator is not displayed until scrolling). In some embodiments, the electronic device displays the scrolling progress indicator for a predetermined amount of time unless a touch is detected on the scrolling progress indicator, in which case the time for displaying the scrolling progress indicator is optionally extended.

[0277] In some embodiments, the scrolling progress indicator includes a scroll bar (e.g., 614) (e.g., a thumb). In some embodiments, the scroll bar is positioned within the scroll track (e.g., between edges 1004 and 1006) (e.g., a trough) and moves within the scroll track in response to movement of the second portion of the second input.

[0278] In some embodiments, pursuant to a determination that no input is detected on the user interface for a predetermined amount of time while the scrolling progress indicator is being displayed, the electronic device stops displaying the scrolling progress indicator.

[0279] While the scrolling progress indicator is displayed (e.g., before the device stops displaying the scrolling progress indicator), the electronic device (e.g., 600) detects (1108) a second input (e.g., 1014) (e.g., a touch-and-hold input that remains stationary on the touch-sensitive surface) that includes a first portion (e.g., first component, stationary component) that is substantially stationary (e.g., stationary) followed by a second portion (e.g., second component, component including movement) that includes movement in a first direction.

[0280] In some embodiments, the first portion of the second input is directed toward the scrolling progress indicator when the first portion of the second input is detected, for example, within a region (e.g., 1015) (e.g., detection region) surrounding a scrollbar (e.g., 614) (e.g., thumb) portion of the scrolling progress indicator (e.g., the detection region includes the thumb portion and an area extending beyond the displayed size of the thumb portion) (e.g., the detection region is centered on and slightly larger than the thumb portion). In some embodiments, the scrollbar portion of the scrolling progress indicator is displayed to have a first size when the user interface has a first scrollable length (e.g., the detection region is a size slightly larger than the first size of the thumb portion of the scrolling progress indicator). In some embodiments, the scrollbar portion of the scrolling progress indicator is displayed to have a second size different from the first size (e.g., the detection region is a second size slightly larger than the second size of the thumb portion of the scrolling progress indicator) when the user interface has a second scrollable length different from the first scrollable length. In some embodiments, the scrollbar and corresponding detection area have a dynamic size based on the scrollable length of the user interface. For example, when the user interface has a shorter scrollable length, the scrollbar and corresponding detection area are larger, and when the user interface has a longer scrollable length, the scrollbar and corresponding detection area are smaller. In some embodiments, making the detection area larger than the scrollbar makes it easier for a user to select the scrollbar, thereby improving the usability of the scrollbar and reducing the likelihood of an input attempt to select the scrollbar being unsuccessful, especially when the scrollbar is at a smaller size (e.g., when the scrollable user interface is long).This improves the usability of the device and makes the user-device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user make appropriate inputs and reducing user errors when operating / interacting with the device), which in turn reduces the device's power usage and improves battery life by allowing the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently.

[0281] In response to detecting (1110) a second input (e.g., 1010), in accordance with a determination that a first portion of the second input is directed toward a scrolling progress indicator (e.g., 614) (e.g., the first portion of the second input occurs at a location corresponding to the location of the scrolling progress indicator) and does not meet a first criterion (e.g., the second input does not include a continuous, stationary contact that exceeds a threshold amount of time before moving (e.g., onto the scrolling progress indicator (e.g., onto a scroll bar))), the electronic device scrolls (1112) the user interface (e.g., 602) in a first manner (e.g., a manner in which the scrolling movement of the user interface directly corresponds to (e.g., mimics) the movement of a scroll command on the user interface (e.g., if the scroll command is a touch input to move 300 pixels in an upward direction), the user interface moves 300 pixels in an upward direction) based on the movement of the contact at the second portion of the second input. In some embodiments, scrolling the user interface in a first manner includes scrolling the user interface to a first scrolled position determined based on the direction and magnitude of movement of the second portion of the second input. In some embodiments, scrolling in a first manner includes scrolling the user interface in a second direction that is different (e.g., opposite) from the first direction of movement of the second portion of the second input. For example, if the first direction of movement is substantially downward, the user interface scrolls in an upward direction (e.g., items in the list move downward and scroll up in the list). For example, in FIG. 10E, input 1010 does not meet the first criterion. As a result, device 602 scrolls list 604 in a first manner, as shown in FIG. 10F.Scrolling the user interface in a first manner based on contact movement on a second portion of the second input when a first portion of the second input is directed toward the scrolling progress indicator and does not satisfy a first criterion allows a user to selectively control when to scroll in a first or second manner by controlling the duration of the first portion of the second contact on the scrolling progress indicator, thereby reducing the number of inputs required to switch between scrolling modes. This further provides the user with additional control options without having to clutter the user interface with additional displayed controls. These benefits improve device usability and make the user device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user make appropriate inputs and reducing user errors when operating / interacting with the device), which further reduces device power usage and improves battery life by allowing the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently.

[0282] In some embodiments, the first criterion includes a criterion that is met when a first portion of the second input is stationary for at least a first threshold amount of time (e.g., continuous stationary contact on a scrolling progress indicator (e.g., on a scroll bar)).

[0283] In some embodiments, the first threshold amount of time is greater than (e.g., 1.5 times the amount of time, 2 times the amount of time) the threshold amount of time for detecting (e.g., classifying, authenticating) a first type of touch input (e.g., tap input, swipe gesture) (e.g., the amount of time required to classify the detected input as a particular gesture (e.g., a valid gesture), the amount of time required to reject the detected input as an invalid gesture (e.g., accidental contact, noise). In some embodiments, setting the first criteria to include a requirement that the input be stationary for a threshold amount of time greater than the threshold time for detecting the first type of touch input may enable the device to detect when a user intends to scroll in a first manner using the input in proximity to the scrolling progress indicator. Unintentional scrolling in the second manner is prevented (e.g., by preventing the user from accidentally engaging the scrolling progress indicator (e.g., a scroll bar) and causing it to scroll in the second manner), which provides additional control options for maintaining scrolling in the first manner without cluttering the user interface with additional displayed controls, which improves usability of the device and makes the user device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user provide appropriate inputs and reducing user errors when operating / interacting with the device), which further reduces power usage and improves battery life of the device by allowing the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently.

[0284] In response to detecting (1110) a second input (e.g., 1014), pursuant to determining that a first portion of the second input is directed toward the scroll progress indicator (e.g., 614) and satisfies a first criterion (e.g., the second input includes a continuous, stationary contact that exceeds a threshold amount of time before moving (e.g., onto the scroll progress indicator (e.g., onto a scroll bar))), the electronic device (e.g., 600) scrolls (1114) the user interface in a second manner that is different from the first manner (e.g., a manner based on movement of the scroll bar within a scroll track (e.g., between edges 1004 and 1006) (e.g., where movement of the scroll bar directly corresponds to (e.g., mimics) movement of a scroll command (e.g., the second portion of the second input) on the scroll bar). In some embodiments, scrolling the user interface in the second manner involves scrolling the user interface in a manner different from the first manner (e.g., a manner based on movement of the scroll bar within a scroll track (e.g., between edges 1004 and 1006)) based on movement of the contact on the second portion of the second input. In some embodiments, scrolling the user interface in the second manner involves scrolling the user interface in a manner different from the first manner (e.g., a manner based on movement of the scroll bar within a scroll track (e.g., between edges 1004 and 1006)). In some embodiments, scrolling in the second manner includes scrolling the user interface in the first direction. For example, if the first direction of movement is substantially downward, the user interface scrolls in a downward direction (e.g., items in a list move in an upward direction and scroll down in the list). In some embodiments, scrolling in the second manner includes scrolling the user interface at a different rate than scrolling in the first manner (e.g., depending on the length of the user interface - the longer the length of the user interface, the greater the scroll rate when scrolling in the second manner).For example, if the second portion of the second input has a first movement magnitude, scrolling in a first manner results in the user interface being scrolled by a first scroll amount, and scrolling in a second manner results in the user interface being scrolled by a second scroll amount that is different from (e.g., larger than) the first amount. This allows a user to scroll a larger user interface at a faster rate (e.g., by a larger scroll amount for a given magnitude second portion of the second input) when scrolling in the second manner compared to scrolling in the first manner, thereby reducing the number of inputs required to scroll an item. This further provides the user with additional control options without having to clutter the user interface with additional displayed controls. These benefits improve device usability and make the user device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user make appropriate inputs and reducing user errors when operating / interacting with the device), which in turn reduces device power usage and improves battery life by allowing users to use the device more quickly and efficiently. Scrolling the user interface in a second manner based on movement of contact on the second portion of the second input when the first portion of the second input is directed toward the scrolling progress indicator and meets a first criterion allows a user to selectively control when to scroll in the first or second manner by controlling the duration of the first portion of the second contact on the scrolling progress indicator, thereby reducing the number of inputs required to switch between scrolling modes. This further provides the user with additional control options without having to clutter the user interface with additional displayed controls.These benefits improve the usability of the device and make the user device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user provide appropriate inputs and reducing user errors when operating / interacting with the device), which in turn reduces the device's power usage and improves battery life by allowing the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently.

[0285] In some embodiments, scrolling the user interface in a first manner includes scrolling the user interface in a direction different from (e.g., opposite to) the first direction of movement of the second portion of the second input. In some embodiments, scrolling the user interface in a second manner includes scrolling the user interface in the same direction (e.g., substantially the same direction) as the first direction of movement of the second portion of the second input.

[0286] In some embodiments, scrolling the user interface in a second manner includes scrolling the user interface in a first direction an amount corresponding to a magnitude of movement of the second portion of the second input (e.g., the user interface is scrolled an amount that mimics the magnitude of movement of the second portion of the second input) in accordance with a determination that the second portion of the second input includes a movement magnitude greater than a threshold magnitude (e.g., a non-zero threshold). In some embodiments, scrolling the user interface in a second manner includes scrolling the user interface in a first direction to an end of the user interface (e.g., the top or bottom of the user interface) in accordance with a determination that the second portion of the second input includes a movement magnitude less than the threshold magnitude. In some embodiments, the user interface is scrolled to the end of the user interface regardless of the actual size of the second portion of the second input and regardless of the length of the user interface, as long as the size of the second portion is less than the threshold magnitude. For example, if the second portion of the second input is a short movement such as a flick gesture (e.g., 1014-2), the electronic device scrolls the user interface to the end of the user interface (e.g., in the direction of the flick) regardless of the length of the user interface. Conversely, if the magnitude of the second portion of the second input is greater than the threshold magnitude, the user interface is scrolled in the first direction by an amount corresponding to the magnitude of the second portion of the second input. For example, if the second portion has a first magnitude greater than the threshold magnitude, the user interface is scrolled in the first direction by a first amount corresponding to the first magnitude, and if the second portion has a second magnitude greater than the threshold magnitude, the user interface is scrolled in the first direction by a second amount corresponding to the second magnitude.

[0287] In some embodiments, further in response to detecting the second input (e.g., 1014), in accordance with determining that a first portion of the second input is directed toward the scrolling progress indicator (e.g., 614) and satisfies a first criterion, the electronic device generates (e.g., using the haptic feedback module 133, the haptic feedback controller 161, and the tactile output generator 167) a first tactile output (e.g., 1017) (e.g., a haptic response) (e.g., a tactile output and / or an audio output (e.g., non-visual feedback)). In some embodiments, the first tactile output includes an auditory output that is generated when the electronic device changes from a first scrolling behavior in which scrolling is performed in a first manner to a second scrolling behavior in which scrolling is performed in a second manner. In some embodiments, generating a first tactile output provides a tactile and / or audio indication to a user that the electronic device has transitioned from a first scrolling behavior to a second scrolling behavior, where the first tactile output provides tactile and / or audio feedback of the transition that may be sensed by the user's sense of touch and / or hearing. Providing improved feedback improves usability of the device and makes the user-device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user make appropriate inputs and reducing user errors when operating / interacting with the device), which in turn reduces power usage and improves battery life of the device by allowing the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently.

[0288] In some embodiments, further responsive to detecting the second input (e.g., 1010), in accordance with determining that the first portion of the second input is directed toward the scrolling progress indicator (e.g., 614) and does not satisfy the first criterion, the electronic device scrolls the user interface in a first manner based on movement of the contact on the second portion of the second input without generating the first tactile output. In some embodiments, the tactile output is not generated unless the electronic device transitions from the first scrolling behavior to the second scrolling behavior. Scrolling the user interface in the first manner without generating the first tactile output provides feedback to the user that the electronic device has not transitioned from the first scrolling behavior to the second scrolling behavior. Providing improved feedback improves device usability and makes the user device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user make appropriate inputs and reducing user errors when operating / interacting with the device), which further reduces device power usage and improves battery life by allowing the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently.

[0289] In some embodiments, after generating the first tactile output, the electronic device detects the end of a second input (e.g., with or without scrolling of the user interface) and generates (e.g., using haptic feedback module 133, haptic feedback controller 161, and tactile output generator 167) a second tactile output (e.g., a tactile response) (e.g., a tactile output and / or an audio output (e.g., non-visual feedback)) in response to detecting the end of the second input. In some embodiments, the second tactile output includes an audio output that is generated when the electronic device changes from a second scrolling behavior in which scrolling is performed in a second manner to a first scrolling behavior in which scrolling is performed in a first manner. In some embodiments, generating the second tactile output tactilely and / or audioly indicates to the user that the electronic device has reverted from the second scrolling behavior to the first scrolling behavior, where the second tactile output provides tactile and / or audio feedback of the transition that may be sensed by the user's tactile and / or audio senses. Providing improved feedback improves the usability of the device and makes the user device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user make appropriate inputs and reducing user errors when operating / interacting with the device), which in turn reduces the device's power usage and improves battery life by allowing the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently.

[0290] In some embodiments, further responsive to detecting a second input (e.g., 1014), in accordance with determining that a first portion of the second input is directed at the scrolling progress indicator and satisfies a first criterion, the electronic device changes the appearance of the scrolling progress indicator from the first appearance (e.g., 614) to a second appearance (e.g., 614-1) (e.g., widening the appearance of a scroll bar portion of the scrolling progress indicator (e.g., displaying a scroll bar portion of the scrolling progress indicator that transitions from a first thickness to a second thickness that is greater than the first thickness). In some embodiments, changing the appearance of the scrolling progress indicator includes generating a tactile response. In some embodiments, changing the appearance of the scrolling progress indicator from the first appearance to the second appearance causes the electronic device to change from a first scrolling behavior to a second scrolling behavior. The user is provided with visual feedback that the scroll bar has transitioned to a scroll bar with a scroll track. The increased size of the scroll bar allows the user to see the scroll bar when the user's finger is positioned over it, thereby improving usability of the scroll bar and providing a more easily perceived indication to the user of the current scroll position within the scrollable range of the user interface (e.g., as indicated by the scroll track). Providing improved feedback improves device usability and makes the user device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user provide appropriate inputs and reducing user errors when operating / interacting with the device), which in turn reduces the device's power usage and improves battery life by allowing the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently.

[0291] In some embodiments, while the scrolling progress indicator has the second appearance, the electronic device detects the end of a second input (e.g., with or without scrolling of the user interface). In some embodiments, in response to detecting the end of the second input, the electronic device changes the appearance of the scrolling progress indicator from the second appearance to the first appearance (e.g., narrows the appearance of a scroll bar portion of the scrolling progress indicator (e.g., displays a scroll bar portion of the scrolling progress indicator transitioning from the second thickness to a first thickness that is smaller than the second thickness)). In some embodiments, changing the appearance of the scrolling progress indicator includes generating a tactile response. In some embodiments, changing the appearance of the scrolling progress indicator from the second appearance to the first appearance provides visual feedback to the user that the electronic device has reverted from the second scrolling behavior to the first scrolling behavior. Providing improved feedback improves the usability of the device and makes the user device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user make appropriate inputs and reducing user errors when operating / interacting with the device), which in turn reduces the device's power usage and improves battery life by allowing the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently.

[0292] In some embodiments, further in response to detecting the second input (e.g., 1014), in accordance with determining that a first portion of the second input is directed toward the scroll progress indicator (e.g., 614) and satisfies a first criterion, the electronic device modifies the appearance of the scroll progress indicator to include an indexed scrub indicator (e.g., 1018) positioned at a location proximate to the location of the first portion of the second input on the user interface (e.g., the indexed scrub indicator is centered around the location of the first portion of the second input) (e.g., FIGS. 10Q and 10R show an indexed scrub indicator centered at the location of input 1016). In some embodiments, the indexed scrub indicator corresponds to an index of a relative scrollable position within the user interface. In some embodiments, when the indexed scrub indicator is displayed, the device detects movement of the second portion of the second input and scrolls to an indexed position within the scrollable user interface that corresponds to the position of the input relative to the indexed scrub indicator (e.g., see FIGS. 10R-10T). In some embodiments, the electronic device (e.g., 600) displays an indexed scrub indicator (e.g., 1018) at an otherwise displayed location on the user interface (e.g., 602) (see FIGS. 10U-10W). For example, in some embodiments, when the location of the first portion of the second input is adjacent to an edge region of the user interface, the indexed scrub indicator is displayed adjacent to the first portion of the second input on the opposite side of the edge region of the user interface (see, e.g., FIG. 10W).

[0293] In some embodiments, further in response to detecting a second input (e.g., 1014), in accordance with a determination that a first portion of the second input is directed toward the scrolling progress indicator (e.g., 614) and satisfies a first criterion, the electronic device modifies the appearance of the scrolling progress indicator to include an indexed scrub indicator (e.g., 1018) positioned on the user interface at a centered location of a side edge of the displayed list (e.g., a centered location between edge 1004 and edge 1006 as shown in FIG. 10V).

[0294] In some embodiments, further responsive to detecting the second input, in accordance with determining that the first portion of the second input was not directed toward the scrolling progress indicator, the electronic device scrolls the user interface in a first manner based on movement of the contact at the second portion of the second input, regardless of whether the first portion of the second input satisfied a first criterion (e.g., scrolling the user interface in the first manner if the second portion of the second input satisfies the first criterion, and scrolling the user interface in the first manner if the second portion of the second input does not satisfy the first criterion). In some embodiments, if the first portion of the second input is not located at the scrolling progress indicator, the UI is scrolled in the first manner based on the second portion of the second contact, regardless of whether the first portion of the second input satisfied the first criterion (e.g., even if the first portion of the second contact otherwise satisfied the first criterion).

[0295] In some embodiments, while the scrolling progress indicator is displayed, the electronic device detects a third input (e.g., 1010) including movement in a respective direction (e.g., a swipe gesture). In some embodiments, in response to detecting the third input, the electronic device scrolls the user interface in a first manner based on the movement of the third input.

[0296] It should be noted that the details of the processes (e.g., FIG. 11 ) described above with respect to method 1100 are also applicable in a similar manner to the methods described above. For example, methods 700 and 900 optionally include one or more of the features of the various methods described above with reference to method 1100. For example, a scrolling progress indicator may be displayed and selected to scroll through items in a user interface. For the sake of brevity, these details are not repeated.

[0297] The foregoing has been described with reference to specific embodiments for purposes of explanation. However, the exemplary discussion above is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed. Many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teachings. These embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the technology and its practical application. This will enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the technology and various embodiments with various modifications as suited to the particular applications intended.

[0298] Although the present disclosure and examples have been fully described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it should be noted that various changes and modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and such changes and modifications are to be understood as being included within the scope of the present disclosure and examples, as defined by the claims.

[0299] As mentioned above, one aspect of the present technology is the collection and use of data available from various sources to display items to scroll through and select. The present disclosure contemplates that, in some examples, this collected data may include personal information data that uniquely identifies a particular person or that can be used to contact or locate a particular person. Such personal information data may include demographic data, location-based data, phone numbers, email addresses, Twitter IDs, home addresses, data or records regarding a user's health or fitness level (e.g., vital sign measurements, medication information, exercise information), birth date, or any other identifying or personal information.

[0300] This disclosure recognizes that the use of such personal information data in the present technology can be used to the benefit of the user. For example, personal information data may be used to deliver items of interest to the user. Thus, use of such personal information data allows for calculated control of delivered content by the user. Furthermore, other uses of personal information data that benefit the user are also contemplated by this disclosure. For example, health and fitness data can be used to provide insight into the user's overall wellness or as proactive feedback to individuals using the technology to pursue wellness goals.

[0301] This disclosure contemplates that entities involved in the collection, analysis, disclosure, transmission, storage, or other use of such personal information data will adhere to robust privacy policies and / or privacy practices. Specifically, such entities should implement and consistently use privacy policies and practices that are generally recognized as meeting or exceeding industry or government requirements for maintaining the strict confidentiality of personal information data. Such policies should be easily accessible to users and should be updated as data collection and / or use changes. Personal information from users should be collected for the entity's lawful and legitimate use and should not be shared or sold except for those lawful uses. Furthermore, such collection / sharing should be carried out after the user's informed consent is obtained. Furthermore, such entities should consider taking all necessary measures to protect and secure access to such personal information data and to ensure that others with access to that personal information data comply with their privacy policies and procedures. Furthermore, such entities may be able to undergo third-party assessments to demonstrate their adherence to widely accepted privacy policies and practices. Furthermore, policies and practices should be tailored to the specific types of personal data collected and / or accessed and should comply with applicable laws and standards, including jurisdiction-specific considerations. For example, in the United States, the collection of or access to certain health data may be governed by federal and / or state laws, such as the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), while health data in other countries may be subject to other regulations and policies and should be addressed accordingly. Therefore, different privacy practices should be maintained with respect to different types of personal data in each country.

[0302] Notwithstanding the foregoing, the present disclosure also contemplates embodiments in which a user selectively blocks use of or access to personal information data, i.e., the present disclosure contemplates that hardware and / or software elements may be provided to prevent or block access to such personal information data.

[0303] Furthermore, it is the intent of this disclosure that personal information data should be managed and processed in a manner that minimizes the risk of unintentional or unauthorized access or use. Risk can be minimized by limiting data collection and deleting data when it is no longer needed. Furthermore, where applicable, de-identification of data can be used to protect user privacy, including in certain health-related applications. De-identification can be facilitated where appropriate by removing certain identifiers (e.g., date of birth, etc.), controlling the amount or specificity of data stored (e.g., collecting location data at a city level rather than a street address level), controlling how data is stored (e.g., aggregating data across users), and / or other methods.

[0304] Thus, while this disclosure broadly encompasses the use of personal information data to implement one or more various disclosed embodiments, this disclosure also contemplates that the various embodiments may be implemented without requiring access to such personal information data. That is, various embodiments of the present technology are not rendered inoperable by the absence of all or part of such personal information data. For example, content may be selected and delivered to a user by inferring preferences based only on a minimal amount of non-personal information or personal information, such as content requested by devices associated with the user, other non-personal information available at content delivery services, or publicly available information.

Claims

1. In an electronic device having a display and a touch-sensitive surface, displaying a user interface via the display, the user interface including a plurality of items; detecting a first input comprising a discrete number of contacts to the user interface at locations corresponding to a first item of the plurality of items while the user interface is in a first operational mode; In response to detecting the first input, performing an action associated with the first item in accordance with determining that the first input includes a first number of touches; In response to determining that the first input includes a second number of contacts that is different from the first number of contacts, selecting the first item without performing the action associated with the first item; switching the user interface from the first mode of operation to a second mode of operation; detecting a second input at a location on the display corresponding to a second item of the plurality of items while the electronic device is in the second operational mode, the second input being detected in the absence of any other input at the location corresponding to the second item, the second input comprising the first number of contacts; In response to detecting the second input, selecting the second item while maintaining selection of the first item without performing an action associated with the second item; A method comprising:

2. detecting a third input while the electronic device is in the second mode of operation, the third input corresponding to a request to deselect the selected first item; in response to detecting the third input, deselecting the selected first item and switching the user interface from the second mode of operation to the first mode of operation; The method of claim 1 further comprising:

3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the third input is a stationary input detected at a location corresponding to the selected first item.

4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the third input is a stationary input detected at a location corresponding to a selection user interface object indicating that the first item is selected.

5. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein switching the user interface from the first operational mode to the second operational mode further comprises displaying, for each item of the plurality of items, a selection user interface object indicating a selection state of the item.

6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the location on the display corresponding to the second item of the plurality of items is the location of a selection user interface object associated with the second item.

7. detecting a fourth input comprising the first number of contacts at locations corresponding to the selected user interface object; selecting the subset of the plurality of items in response to detecting the fourth input and in accordance with a determination that the fourth input includes moving the first number of contacts across a plurality of the selection user interface objects associated with the subset of the plurality of items, the selection user interface objects including changing an appearance of the plurality of the selection user interface objects associated with the subset of the plurality of items without performing an action associated with the subset of the plurality of items; The method of claim 5 or 6, further comprising:

8. detecting movement of the first input from the location corresponding to the first item to a location corresponding to a third item of the plurality of items after switching the user interface from the first mode of operation to the second mode of operation; in response to detecting the movement of the first input from the location corresponding to the first item to the location corresponding to the third item of the plurality of items; selecting the third item in accordance with a determination that the first input satisfies a first set of criteria, the first set of criteria including a requirement that the second number of contacts remain stationary for a predetermined amount of time before moving to the location corresponding to the third item for the first set of criteria to be met; The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

9. in response to detecting the movement of the first input from the location corresponding to the first item to the location corresponding to the third item of the plurality of items; scrolling the plurality of items in accordance with a determination that the first input does not satisfy the first set of criteria. The method of claim 8 further comprising:

10. detecting a request to perform an action on a selected item of the plurality of items while the user interface is in the second operational mode and while the first item and the second item are selected and a fourth item is not selected; in response to detecting the request, performing the action on the first item and the second item of the plurality of items without performing the action on the fourth item; 10. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

11. detecting a fifth input including the second number of contacts at a location on the display corresponding to a fifth item of the plurality of items while the user interface is in the second operational mode; In response to detecting the fifth input, selecting the fifth item without performing an action associated with the fifth item; The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

12. detecting a sixth input comprising movement of the first number of contacts; In response to detecting the sixth input, scrolling the plurality of items based on the movement of the first number of contacts in accordance with a determination that the user interface is in the first operational mode and the movement of the first number of contacts was initiated at a location on the plurality of items; scrolling the plurality of items based on the movement of the first number of contacts in accordance with a determination that the user interface is in the second operational mode and that the movement of the first number of contacts was initiated at a location on the plurality of items other than a location corresponding to a selected user interface object; 12. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first input is a stationary input having the first number of contacts and the second input is a stationary input.

14. A computer program causing a computer to carry out the method according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

15. a memory storing the computer program according to claim 14; one or more processors capable of executing the computer programs stored in the memory; An electronic device comprising:

16. 1. An electronic device configured to communicate with a display and a touch-sensitive surface, comprising: Means for carrying out the method according to any one of claims 1 to 13 An electronic device comprising:

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