Products and processes for decontaminating skin with nanoparticles

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of skin decontamination from harmful substances. In particular, the present invention relates to a composition for decontaminating the skin from harmful agents such as nanoparticles, microplastic particles and viruses, the composition comprising: 1 to 40% by weight of at least one water-soluble polymer, 1 to 40% by weight of at least one phyllosilicate, 1 to 30% by weight of charcoal and / or graphite, and ·water Includes; The present invention also provides a composition for decontaminating skin, wherein the composition does not contain a permeation enhancer. In a further embodiment, the present invention provides a "ready-to-use" kit containing a composition that enables decontamination of more than 99% of affected skin within the crucial first minute. The kit allows for single-handed use, thus significantly reducing the risk of cross-contamination of other skin areas. In a further embodiment, the present invention also relates to a process for decontaminating skin from harmful agents such as nanoparticles, microplastic particles, and viruses, comprising the composition and / or kit of the present invention.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] (Field of invention) The present invention relates to the field of skin decontamination from hazardous substances. In particular, the present invention relates to a composition for skin decontamination from particulate and hydrophobic hazardous factors, wherein the composition is • 1-40% by weight of at least one water-soluble polymer, • At least one phyllosilicate in 1-40% by weight, • 1-30% by weight of charcoal and / or graphite charcoal and / or graphite and / or other carbon-based powders, ·water The present invention provides a composition containing [a certain substance].

[0002] In a further embodiment, the present invention provides a “ready-to-use” kit comprising a composition that enables decontamination of more than 99% of the affected skin area within the crucial first minute. The kit is designed for one-handed use and thus significantly reduces the risk of secondary contamination of the other skin area. In a further embodiment, the present invention also relates to a method for skin decontamination from nanoparticles comprising the composition and / or kit of the present invention.

[0003] Most preferably, the compositions and / or kits of the present invention do not contain permeation enhancers. [Background technology]

[0004] (Background of the invention) For approximately the past decade, harmful compounds such as nanoparticles have been increasingly used in industry and science. Nanoparticles have made a leap forward and are now widely used, and depending on the compound class, they are used in many different fields, for example, as semiconductors in electronic devices, and in various materials, paints, and varnishes. The high reactivity of nanoparticles and the increasing production and application of various types of nanoparticles present risks that are still not fully understood. Furthermore, occupational safety standards for nanomaterials have not yet been established. Several studies on this topic (Lewinski, N., Berthet, A., Maurizi, L., Eisenbeis, A., & Hopf, N. (2017); Effectiveness of hand washing on the removal of iron oxide nanoparticles from human skin ex vivo. Journal Of Occupational And Environmental Hygiene, 14(8), D115-D119) have shown that in cases of direct skin contamination by metal or carbon nanoparticles, simple hand washing is insufficient to remove the nanoparticles from the skin surface. The use of surfactants is particularly undesirable because it facilitates penetration into hair follicles and deeper skin layers. Due to their small size, nanoparticles can be absorbed into the body through the skin and spread throughout the organism via the bloodstream. During the manufacture of products containing nanoparticles, employees come into contact with these potentially harmful substances. Numerous studies are currently underway on the risks associated with nanoparticles in industrial production and other settings. The NanoCare project (see https: / / www.nanopartikel.info / projekte / abgeschlossene-projekte / nanocare) has provided the first mandatory working instructions for the uniform measurement of nanoparticles. However, these mainly focus on nanoparticles suspended in the air and do not place much emphasis on skin contamination.

[0005] Nanoparticles can be found in an increasing number of products and objects in our daily lives. According to research, sales of products containing nanoparticles amounted to approximately $4.1 billion in 2015. Global sales of such products are projected to grow by 20% annually, reaching $11.3 billion by 2020. Despite high safety standards for handling nanoparticles, the increasing use of nanoparticles also increases the risk of accidental skin contact. Therefore, first-aid kits for rapid skin decontamination from nanoparticles are becoming increasingly important, not only in scientific laboratories but also in industrial production. History shows that initial, somewhat careless handling of new materials and substances can later have serious health consequences for those affected. The example of asbestos demonstrates that safe handling is not always guaranteed with respect to new technologies, especially at the time of market launch. In case of an accident, effective "first-aid products" are needed.

[0006] Conventional treatment methods are aimed at decontaminating specific substances. Therefore, the decontamination effect of such formulations, such as Dekontafix®, a product for radiopharmaceuticals, is limited to specific substances. In the case of contamination by lipid-soluble substances, polyethylene glycol (PEG) is used for laboratory rinsing. However, products specifically for decontaminating nanoparticles are not available on the market.

[0007] In particular, cleansing agents that do not contain permeation enhancers are not commercially available. Permeation enhancers are substances that chemically promote the penetration of substances through the skin. The effect of permeation enhancement is explained by several mechanisms, including the extraction of intracellular lipids and the opening of new polar pathways inside and outside the stratum corneum (Thong, H.-Y. and Maibach, HI, Percutaneous Penetration Enhancers: An Overview. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2007; 20: 272-282; Dragicevic, N. and Maibach, HI, Percutaneous Penetration Enhancers: Chemical Methods in Penetration Enhancement. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2016). While these are intended for topical application for drug delivery, these substances should not be used in decontamination products.

[0008] Similar situations exist with other harmful compounds, such as microplastic particles and viruses.

[0009] CN 107 998 065 A teaches a composition for use as a face mask for cleaning the skin. This composition does not contain activated carbon. Furthermore, the use of this composition for decontamination of nanoparticles in the field of occupational safety is not evident from CN 107 998 065 A.

[0010] The teachings in EP 2 470136 B1 can be considered in conjunction with the literature by Lademann et al. (Lademann, J., Knarr, F., Patzelt, A., Meinke, M., Richter, H., Krutmann, J., Ruhl, E., and Doucet, 0. (2018). Laser Scanning Microscopic Investigations of the Decontamination of Soot Nanoparticles from the Skin. Skin Pharmacology and Physiology, 31(2), pp.87-94), which has similar objectives to the present invention. Nanoparticles are removed from the skin by an applicator containing absorbent carbon nanofibers. This study shows that the application of a cleanser is particularly effective when a protective cream is applied beforehand. This is undesirable, especially in the case of occupational accidents.

[0011] In DE 10 2017 010 930 A1, the use of specific-sized carbon particles for almost all conceivable cosmetic and medical purposes in topical preparations is taught. Claim 1 states, "d 50 This includes "at least one type of carbon particles with an average particle size of 650 ± 200 nm". There is no explicit suitability for the removal of nanoparticles as mentioned in the general disclosure, nor is a composition designed for this purpose disclosed. Therefore, the composition disclosed in DE 10 2017 010 930 A1 does not appear to be suitable for decontaminating nanoparticles from the skin.

[0012] Known commercially available products, such as "Purifing Charcoal Mask" from the manufacturer Quick Fix Facials, "Facial Clay Wash Clear" from the manufacturer Kose Cosmeport, and the compositions disclosed in GB 2340394, all contain agents that exhibit the effect of a penetration enhancer, such as glycerin, hyaluronic acid, or surfactants. [Overview of the project]

[0013] (Description of the invention) Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide products and processes for the rapid decontamination of skin surfaces from harmful factors, such as particulate and hydrophobic harmful factors, selected from, for example, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), chemical weapons agents, such as sulfur mustard, tabun / GA, sarin, soman, O-ethyl-S-2-diisopropylaminoethylmethylphosphonothiolate (VX); ethidium bromide, nanoparticles, microplastic particles, viruses, etc. The products and processes of the present invention are particularly suitable for the rapid decontamination of skin surfaces from nanoparticles.

[0014] The problem of the present invention is solved by a composition comprising the components specified in claim 1. In particular, the problem of the present invention is solved by a composition for decontamination of the skin from hazardous substances, wherein the composition comprises: • 1-40% by weight of at least one water-soluble polymer, • At least one phyllosilicate in 1-40% by weight, · 1-30% by weight of charcoal and / or graphite and / or other carbon-based powders, ·water Includes.

[0015] The composition for skin decontamination according to the present invention preferably does not contain a permeation enhancer.

[0016] In preferred embodiments, the water-soluble polymer or block copolymer is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, poloxamer, poloxamine, polyvinylpyrrolidone, carboxymethylcellulose, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, chitosan, dextran, guar gum, hyaluronic acid, polyethyleneimine, polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP), proteins such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), DMSO, polygerin, polyacrylamide, polyphosphate (sodium polyphosphate), polyphosphazene, xanthan gum, pectin, carrageenan, and glycerin. The function of these water-soluble polymers is to create an environment that is more hydrophobic than pure water.

[0017] In preferred embodiments, the compositions of the present invention do not contain water-soluble polymers or block copolymers that may have the effect of a permeation enhancer; that is, the compositions of the present invention preferably do not contain polyvinylpyrrolidone, carboxymethylcellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, hyaluronic acid, polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP), DMSO, xanthan gum, and glycerin.

[0018] In a more preferred embodiment, the water-soluble polymer contained in the composition of the present invention is polyethylene glycol (PEG).

[0019] PEG is an oligomer or polymer composed of ethylene oxide monomers. Since different applications require different polymer chain lengths, PEG is prepared by polymerization of ethylene oxide and is commercially available with a wide range of molecular weights from 300 g / mol to 10,000,000 g / mol. PEGs with different molecular weights are used in different applications and have different physical properties (e.g., viscosity) due to the influence of chain length, but their chemical properties are almost the same. Depending on the initiator used in the polymerization process, different forms of PEG are also available - the most common initiator is monofunctional methyl ether PEG, abbreviated as mPEG, i.e., methoxypoly(ethylene glycol). Low molecular weight PEGs are also available as purer oligomers called monodisperse, uniform, or discrete.

[0020] PEGs with different shapes are also available: · Linear PEG, in which case the ethylene oxide monomers are bonded to each other in a polymer chain that is not branched; · Branched PEG, which has 3 - 10 PEG chains originating from a central core group; · Star PEG, which has 10 - 100 PEG chains originating from a central core group; and · Comb PEG, which has multiple PEG chains usually grafted onto a polymer backbone.

[0021] The numbers often included in the name of PEG indicate its average molecular weight (e.g., for a PEG with n = 9, it will have an average molecular weight of about 400 Daltons and will be designated as PEG 400). Most PEGs contain molecules with a molecular weight distribution (i.e., they are polydisperse). The size distribution can be statistically characterized by its weight average molecular weight (Mw) and its number average molecular weight (Mn), and the ratio is called the polydispersity index (Mw / Mn). Mw and Mn can be measured by mass spectrometry.

[0022] PEG is soluble in water, methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile, benzene, and dichloromethane, but insoluble in diethyl ether and hexane.

[0023] In one embodiment, the composition of the present invention may contain starPEG. Preferably, the starPEG has a molecular weight in the range of 4kD to 40kD, preferably 4kD to 30kD, more preferably 4kD to 20kD, and most preferably 4kD to 10kD. Preferably, the starPEG is 4-armed starPEG.

[0024] In a more preferred embodiment, the composition of the present invention comprises linear PEG. The use of linear PEG has the advantages that it is less expensive and has a narrower molecular weight distribution. The use of linear PEG in the composition of the present invention has been found to be particularly suitable for decontamination of nanoparticles from the skin.

[0025] Components of the composition of the present invention that do not penetrate the skin and / or do not promote the penetration of harmful factors such as nanoparticles into and from the skin are preferred. Therefore, PEGs with higher molecular weights are advantageous because these PEGs exhibit substantially no skin penetration (Tsai, JC et al., Arch Dermatol Res (2001) 293: 302-307). Therefore, in the most preferred embodiment, the PEG contained in the composition of the present invention, in particular linear PEG, has a molecular weight greater than 200 Da, preferably 1 kDa or more. More preferably, the linear PEG contained in the composition of the present invention has a molecular weight selected from 5 kDa or more, 6 kDa or more, 7 kDa or more, or 8 kDa or more.

[0026] In a more preferred embodiment, the PEG used to prepare the compositions of the present invention may be functionalized. "Functionalizing" means modifying a molecule to result in the addition of a functional group or functional moiety. For example, a molecule may be functionalized by introducing a molecule that is a potent nucleophile or a molecule that makes the molecule conjugate unsaturated. Preferably, the molecule, for example, PEG, is functionalized to become a thiol, amine, acrylate, azide, alkyne, quinone, maleimide, or carboxylic acid. This type of functionalization may be advantageous in the removal of nanoparticles from the skin.

[0027] Favorable results in the removal of harmful factors from the skin have been achieved when the composition of the present invention contains 1 to 40% by weight of at least one water-soluble polymer, particularly PEG, as described herein. Preferably, the amount of at least one water-soluble polymer, particularly PEG, as described herein in the composition of the present invention is in the range of 10% to 40% by weight or 15% to 40% by weight, more preferably 20% to 40% by weight or 25% to 40% by weight, and most preferably 30% to 40% by weight or 35% to 40% by weight. The best results in the removal of harmful factors from the skin have been achieved when the amount of at least one water-soluble polymer, particularly PEG, as described herein in the composition of the present invention is in the range of 30% to 35% by weight, for example, 31%, 32%, 33%, and 34% by weight. Using such compositions, it has been possible to remove more than 85%, and up to 100%, of nanoparticles from the treated skin.

[0028] Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a composition for decontaminating the skin from harmful factors, wherein the composition is: • 30-35% by weight of at least one water-soluble polymer, preferably PEG. • At least one phyllosilicate in 1-40% by weight, · 1-30% by weight of charcoal and / or graphite and / or other carbon-based powders, ·water Includes.

[0029] In its most preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a composition for decontaminating the skin from harmful factors, wherein the composition is: • 26-28% by weight of at least one water-soluble polymer, preferably PEG, • At least one phyllosilicate in 1-40% by weight, · 1-30% by weight of charcoal and / or graphite and / or other carbon-based powders, ·water Includes.

[0030] Phyllosilicate is a layered silicate mineral formed by parallel sheets of silicate tetrahedra having a Si2O5 or 2:5 ratio. Examples of phyllosilicates suitable for use in the compositions of the present invention include ajoite, allophane, iron mica, apophyllite, apophyllite-(kf), bentonite, biotite, bowenite, bramalite, cartonite, calliopilite, cavansite, chamosite, chapmanite, chrysocolla, clay, clay minerals, clintonite, simlite, delesite, dickite, ekanite, ephesite, expanded clay aggregate, flypontite, franklinfilite, fuchsite, greenalite, gyrolite, halloysite, hisingelite, cornite, and canphite. These include kaolinite, kegelite, kerolite, thial mica, makoraiite, macdonaldite, magadiite, medicinal clay, meerschaum pipe, metallic clay, mica, minesotite, nerenite, neptunite, okenite, organic clay, pentagonite, feldspar, phlogopite, pimelite, pyrophyllite, sunbornite, ciaelecite, meersiite, seraphinite, sericite, altered sericite, siderophyllite, soapstone, stilpnomelene, talc, thuringite, tankite, toupersutziite, usingite, zahalovite, and susmanite. Phyllosilicate can immobilize nanoparticles and therefore be washed away to facilitate skin decontamination.

[0031] Preferably, at least one phyllosilicate contained in the composition of the present invention is selected from the group consisting of kaolin, bentonite, vermiculite, talc, mica, meerschmiforme, palygorskite, saponite, hectorite, smectite, montmorillonite K-10, aquamont-CA, illite, montmorillonite KSF, and aquamont-B, or a mixture of two or more of these.

[0032] In the most preferred embodiment, at least one phyllosilicate contained in the composition of the present invention is bentonite or kaolin or a mixture thereof, preferably bentonite.

[0033] Favorable results in the removal of harmful compounds such as nanoparticles from the skin have been achieved when the composition of the present invention contains 2 to 30% by weight of at least one phylrosilicate, particularly bentonite, as described herein. Preferably, the amount of at least one phylrosilicate or mixture of phylrosilicates, particularly bentonite or a mixture containing bentonite, in the composition of the present invention is 10 wt.% or more, for example, 10% to 30% by weight or 12% to 30% by weight, more preferably 14% to 30% by weight or 16% to 30% by weight, most preferably 16% to 25% by weight or 16% to 20% by weight. The best results in skin decontamination from nanoparticles have been achieved when the amount of at least one phylrosilicate or mixture of phylrosilicates, particularly bentonite or a mixture containing bentonite, in the composition of the present invention is 17% by weight, 18% by weight, or 19% by weight. Using such compositions, it was possible to remove more than 85%, and up to 100%, of the nanoparticles from the treated skin.

[0034] Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides decontamination of the skin from harmful compounds, wherein the composition is • 1 to 40% by weight of at least one water-soluble polymer or block copolymer, • 16-25% by weight of at least one phyllosilicate, preferably bentonite and / or kaolin; · 1-30% by weight of charcoal and / or graphite and / or other carbon-based powders, ·water Includes.

[0035] More preferably, in a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides decontamination of the skin from harmful compounds, wherein the composition is • 1 to 40% by weight of at least one water-soluble polymer or block copolymer, • 16-25% by weight of at least one phyllosilicate, preferably bentonite and / or kaolin; · 2.5 to 30% by weight of charcoal and / or graphite and / or other carbon-based powders, ·water Includes.

[0036] The compositions of the present invention further include charcoal and / or graphite, and / or fruit shell or stone powder, such as olive (Olea Europaea) seed powder, almond (Prunus Amygdalus Dulcis) (sweet almond) shell powder, peach (Prunus Persica) (peach) seed powder, pistachio (Pistacia Vera) (pistachio) shell powder, avocado (Persea Gratissima) (avocado) extract, apricot (Prunus Armeniaca) seed powder, argan (Argania Spinosa) kernel extract, and walnut (Juglans Regia) shell powder. Any type of charcoal may be suitable for use in the compositions of the present invention. The charcoal is preferably activated carbon. Charcoal, such as activated carbon, has a large surface area that binds to nonspecific substances and, depending on the particle size, can generate some further friction and provide a light peeling effect.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, the particle size is less than 50 μm, and is therefore small enough to avoid abrasive effects.

[0038] When the composition of the present invention contains activated carbon, any type of activated carbon can be used. Preferred activated carbon can be made from anthracite, coconut, or peat.

[0039] The average particle size of the charcoal used in the composition of the present invention, for example, activated carbon, is preferably in the range of 3 to 50 μm, more preferably 4 to 40 μm, and most preferably 5 to 30 μm. The best results in skin decontamination from harmful factors have been achieved when the average particle size of the charcoal used in the composition of the present invention, for example, activated carbon, is 6 μm, 10 μm, 15 μm, 20 μm, or 25 μm. Using such compositions, it has been possible to remove more than 85% and up to 100% of nanoparticles from the treated skin.

[0040] When the composition of the present invention contains graphite, any type of graphite can be used. Preferred graphite has a particle size of 80 μm or less, preferably 60 μm or less, more preferably 40 μm or less, and most preferably 20 μm or less. 50 It has the following characteristics. Suitable commercially available products are Aldrich graphite <20 μm and Alpha Aesar 200 mesh graphite.

[0041] The composition of the present invention may contain activated carbon, graphite, any other carbon-based powder, or a mixture thereof.

[0042] Good results in removing harmful compounds such as nanoparticles from the skin have been achieved when the composition of the present invention contains 1 to 30% by weight of activated carbon, graphite, or other carbon-based powder, or a mixture thereof, as described herein. Preferably, the amount of activated carbon, graphite, or other carbon-based powder, or a mixture thereof, in the composition of the present invention is 10 wt.% or more, for example, 12% to 30% by weight or 14% to 30% by weight, more preferably 16% to 30% by weight or 18% to 30% by weight, and most preferably 20% to 30% by weight. The best results in skin decontamination from harmful compounds such as nanoparticles have been achieved when the amount of activated carbon, graphite, or other carbon-based powder, or a mixture thereof, in the composition of the present invention is 9% by weight or more, 10% by weight, 11% by weight, 12% by weight, 13% by weight, 14% by weight, or 15% by weight. Using such compositions, it has been possible to remove more than 85% and up to 100% of nanoparticles from the treated skin. Most preferably, the amount of activated carbon, graphite, or other carbon-based powder, or a mixture thereof, contained in the composition of the present invention is 11% by weight.

[0043] Therefore, in preferred embodiments, the compositions of the present invention are • 1-40% by weight of at least one water-soluble polymer, • At least one phyllosilicate with 2 shells and 30% by weight, · ≥10% by weight of charcoal and / or graphite and / or other carbon-based powders, ·water Includes.

[0044] In a more preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a composition for decontaminating the skin from hazardous substances, wherein the composition comprises: • 30-35% by weight of at least one water-soluble polymer; • 16-25% by weight of at least one phylrosilicate; · ≥10% by weight of charcoal and / or graphite and / or other carbon-based powders, ·water Includes.

[0045] In its most preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a composition for decontaminating the skin from hazardous substances, wherein the composition comprises: 30-35% by weight of PEG; 16-25% by weight of bentonite and / or kaolin; · ≥10% by weight of activated carbon and / or graphite and / or other carbon-based powders, ·water Includes.

[0046] In one embodiment, the composition of the present invention is sterile and free of preservatives. In another embodiment, the composition of the present invention optionally contains a preservative. In a particular embodiment, the preservative is a paraben-free preservative. Parabens are a series of para-hydroxybenzoates, i.e., esters of para-hydroxybenzoic acid, which are known to cause cytokine release and irritation and have been associated with several types of cancer. Examples of parabens include methylparaben, ethylparaben, propylparaben, butylparaben, heptylparaben, isobutylparaben, isopropylparaben, benzylparaben, and their sodium salts.

[0047] Examples of paraben-free preservatives suitable for use in the present invention include phenethyl alcohol, caprylyl glycol, phenoxyethanol, sorbates, potassium sorbate, sodium sorbate, sorbic acid, sodium benzoate, benzoic acid, acemannan, oleuropein, carvacrol, cranberry extract, gluconolactone, green tea extract, sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed oil, lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus) ferment filtrate, Usnea barbata extract, polyaminopropyl biguanide, and polyglycerides. Ri Lu-3 Palmitate, Polyglyceride RiExamples include caprylic acid, pomegranate extract, aspen bark extract, resveratrol, anisic acid, sodium anisate, phenylpropanol, undecylenic acid, sorbitan caprylate, rosemary (Rosmarinus oificinalis) leaf extract, benzyl alcohol, or any combination thereof.

[0048] In preferred embodiments, the composition of the present invention does not contain paraben-free preservatives that may have the effect of a permeation enhancer; that is, the composition of the present invention preferably contains caprylyl glycol, acemannan, carvacrol, gluconolactone, green tea extract, sunflower seed oil, polyaminopropyl biguanide, and polyglycerides. Ri Lu-3 Palmitate, Polyglyceride Ri It does not contain ru-6 caprylate, rosemary leaf extract, or benzyl alcohol.

[0049] The compositions of the present invention may further contain, preferably, non-irritating gelling agents or viscosity enhancers. Examples of non-irritating gelling agents include cellulose ethers (e.g., methylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, hypromellose, ethylcellulose, ethylmethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxyethylmethylcellulose, ethylhydroxyethylcellulose, or combinations thereof), xanthan gum, carrageenan, carbomer, polyoxazoline, or any combination thereof. Preferred gelling agents are carboxymethylcellulose and xanthan gum.

[0050] In preferred embodiments, the composition of the present invention does not contain a gelling agent or viscosity enhancer that may have the effect of a permeation enhancer; that is, the composition of the present invention preferably does not contain carrageenan or poloxamer 188 and 401.

[0051] The amount of preservative in the composition of the present invention is preferably a maximum of 1% by weight, more preferably 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0%, 2.0%, 3.0%, 4.0%, 5.0%, 6.0%, 7.0%, 8.0%, 9.0%, or 10% by weight.

[0052] The amount of gelling agent in the composition of the present invention is preferably in the range of 5 to 10% by weight, more preferably 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, or 10% by weight.

[0053] In further embodiments, the composition of the present invention is • A preservative in an amount of up to 10%, preferably up to 7.0% or up to 1.0% by weight; and / or • 1-10% by weight of gelling agent It also includes.

[0054] Therefore, in one embodiment, the composition of the present invention is • 1-40% by weight of at least one water-soluble polymer, • At least one phyllosilicate in 1-40% by weight, 1-30%, preferably 2.5 or 30% by weight of charcoal and / or graphite and / or other carbon-based powders, • Preservatives up to 10% by weight; and / or • 1-10% by weight of a gelling agent; and ·water Includes.

[0055] In a more preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a composition for decontaminating the skin from hazardous substances, wherein the composition comprises: • 30-35% by weight of at least one water-soluble polymer; • 16-25% by weight of at least one phylrosilicate; • ≥10% by weight of charcoal and / or graphite and / or other carbon-based powders; • Preservatives up to 10% by weight; and / or • 1-10% by weight of a gelling agent; and ·water Includes.

[0056] In its most preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a composition for decontaminating the skin from hazardous substances, wherein the composition comprises: 30-35% by weight of PEG; 16-25% by weight of bentonite and / or kaolin; • ≥10% by weight of activated carbon and / or graphite and / or other carbon-based powders; • Preservatives up to 10% by weight; and / or · 1-10% by weight of carboxymethylcellulose and / or xanthan carrageenan; and ·water Includes.

[0057] In further embodiments, the composition for skin decontamination according to the present invention may further comprise an anti-inflammatory agent and an agent beneficial to skin barrier function, such as schizophyllan, glucomannan, polycitronellol, and polycitronellol acetate. The anti-inflammatory agent and the agent beneficial to skin barrier function are preferably included in the composition of the present invention in an amount ranging from 0.05 to 2% by weight, for example, 0.05%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, 1.0%, 1.25%, 1.5%, 1.75%, or 2.0% by weight.

[0058] In a further embodiment, the composition for skin decontamination according to the present invention may further contain a buffering agent, such as one or more agents selected from hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sulfuric acid, and nitric acid, for adjusting the pH value. The buffering agent is included in the composition of the present invention in a range of 0 to 2.5% QS (as needed), for example, 0.05%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, 1.0%, 1.25%, 1.5%, 1.75%, 2.0%, 2.25%, or 2.5% QS. In a more preferred embodiment, the pH of the composition is in equilibrium in the range of 4.1 to 5.6, for example, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9, 5.0, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, or 5.6.

[0059] Water is primarily used as a solvent in the compositions of the present invention, and in these compositions, water dissolves many of the components described herein. Water also forms emulsions, in which the lipophilic and hydrophilic components of the composition combine to form creams and lotions. The water used in the compositions of the present invention is selected from tap water, purified water, deionized water, and distilled water. Preferably, the water is sterilized before its use in producing the compositions of the present invention. The final amount of water contained in the compositions of the present invention is calculated based on the total amount of the other components. The total amount of the other components is calculated in weight percent, and any difference up to 100% per weight of the compositions of the present invention is corrected with water.

[0060] The typical amount of water contained in the composition of the present invention is in the range of 30 to 60% by weight, preferably 35 to 55% by weight, more preferably 40 to 50% by weight, and most preferably 40 to 45% by weight, for example, 41, 42, 43, or 44% by weight.

[0061] In a more preferred embodiment, the composition of the present invention does not contain a surfactant, as the surfactant acts as a permeation enhancer. Therefore, the composition of the present invention is particularly advantageous because the composition itself does not penetrate into or out of the skin. A further advantage of the composition of the present invention is that it does not affect the skin's barrier function. In particular, the composition of the present invention does not enlarge the pores of the skin, because the enlargement of pores in the skin is advantageous for the diffusion of harmful particles from the skin. Enlargement of pores in the skin is observed, for example, with conventional soaps. Therefore, the composition of the present invention also does not promote the penetration of harmful factors, hydrophobic harmful factors, and chemical weapons agents, such as nanoparticles, microplastic particles, or viruses, into and out of the skin. Furthermore, after treating a skin area contaminated with harmful factors with the composition of the present invention, the skin is not damaged in any way by the composition of the present invention, so no further skin care is necessary.

[0062] As discussed herein, the compositions of the present invention are particularly suitable for decontamination of skin from nanoparticles. In its 2012 terminology for biopolymers, IUPAC defines nanoparticles as "1 × 10⁻⁶ -9 ~1 × 10 -7 It was defined as "particles of any shape having dimensions in the range of m" (Vert, M.; Doi, Y.; Hellwich, KH; Hess, M.; Hodge, P.; Kubisa, P.; Rinaudo, M.; Schue, FO, 2012. "Terminology for biorelated polymers and applications (IUPAC Recommendations 2012)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 84(2): 377-410). In another 2012 publication, IUPAC expanded the term to include tubes and fibers having only two dimensions less than 100 nm.

[0063] In common usage, the novel properties that distinguish particles from bulk materials usually occur within their size range, so "nanoscale" is typically understood to be in the range of 1 to 100 nm.

[0064] Nanoparticles can be, for example, metal nanoparticles, inorganic nanoparticles, organic nanoparticles, polymer nanoparticles, and semiconductor nanoparticles.

[0065] The compositions of the present invention have been shown to be effective in decontaminating nanoparticles having a size range of 1 to 100 nm, and particularly effective in decontaminating very small nanoparticles having a size range of 4 to 8 nm, such as quantum dots.

[0066] The compositions of the present invention are preferably provided as formulations that allow for easy administration of the composition to a contaminated area of ​​skin. Typical formulations that achieve this objective are creams, gels, pastes, or lotions.

[0067] Lotions are low-viscosity topical preparations intended for application to the skin. In contrast, creams and gels typically have higher viscosity due to their lower water content. Lotions are applied to the external skin with bare hands, a brush, a clean cloth, or cotton wool.

[0068] A cream is typically a preparation for application to the skin. A cream can be considered a medicinal product or even a cosmetic cream. A cream is a semi-solid emulsion of oil and water. It is divided into two types: oil-in-water (O / W) creams, which consist of droplets of oil dispersed in a continuous aqueous phase, and water-in-oil (W / O) creams, which consist of droplets of water dispersed in a continuous oil phase. Oil-in-water creams are more comfortable and cosmetically acceptable because they contain less oil and are more easily washed off with water.

[0069] Gels are solids that can possess properties ranging from soft and weak to hard and strong. A gel is defined as a substantially dilute crosslinked system that does not exhibit fluidity in a steady state. By weight, a gel is largely liquid, but it behaves like a solid due to a three-dimensional crosslinking network within the liquid. It is the crosslinking within the liquid that gives a gel its structure (hardness) and contributes to its adhesive stickiness (tack). Thus, a gel is a dispersion of liquid molecules within a solid medium.

[0070] In a preferred embodiment, the composition of the present invention is formulated as a cream.

[0071] In another preferred embodiment, the composition of the present invention is formulated as a lotion.

[0072] In a more preferred embodiment, the composition of the present invention is formulated as a gel.

[0073] In a further embodiment, the present invention provides an application device comprising the composition of the present invention. Depending on the type of formulation (cream, gel, lotion), a suitable application device is selected from, for example, a sponge, cloth, shoe cleaning tube, spray can, or spray device. Each formulation can be administered topically with great precision using a suitable application device. Suitable application devices are known to those skilled in the art in the fields of pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and cleaning supplies.

[0074] A further advantage of the composition and application apparatus of the present invention is that the composition itself functions as a cleaning indicator. The indicator shows whether the affected area of ​​skin has been sufficiently and effectively cleaned. In a more preferred embodiment, activated carbon and / or graphite and / or other carbon-based powders contained in the composition of the present invention function as cleaning indicators. After administration of the composition of the present invention to contaminated skin and completion of a predetermined exposure time, the composition of the present invention is washed off the skin with water. Cleaning of the skin from the composition of the present invention, accompanied by cleaning of the skin from nanoparticle contamination, is readily visible and indicated by the washing away of any remaining activated carbon and / or graphite components and / or components derived from other carbon-based powders from the skin. If the composition has not been completely washed away, black or brown stains will be seen in the pores of the skin.

[0075] Accordingly, in a further embodiment, the present invention provides an application device comprising the composition of the present invention, wherein the application device or composition optionally further comprises an indicator, wherein the indicator indicates whether the affected area of ​​skin has been sufficiently and effectively cleaned.

[0076] In a more preferred embodiment, the application device including the cleaning indicator is a sponge. More preferably, the composition contained in the sponge is formulated as a gel, where the gel, in particular activated carbon and / or graphite and / or other carbon-based powders contained in the gel, indicates whether the affected area of ​​skin has been sufficiently and effectively cleaned.

[0077] After skin contamination with nanoparticles, a cream, lotion, or gel can be applied to the contaminated skin, preferably rubbed into the skin with a sponge or tube. The cream, lotion, or gel binds to the nanoparticles and can then be easily washed away with water along with the particles.

[0078] The compositions of the present invention do not contain any pharmaceutically active ingredients. Therefore, the compositions of the present invention are considered non-medical compositions or preparations. In a more preferred embodiment, the composition is a cosmetic composition or preparation.

[0079] The present invention further provides a kit, which includes an application device of the present invention and instructions for using the kit and the application device. The application device in the kit is preferably a sponge containing the decontamination composition of the present invention. The decontamination composition contained by the sponge in the kit is preferably in the form of a gel.

[0080] In a further embodiment, the present invention relates to the use of the composition or application apparatus of the present invention in decontamination of skin from harmful factors selected from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), chemical weapons agents, ethidium bromide, nanoparticles, microplastic particles, viruses, etc., such as particulate and hydrophobic harmful factors.

[0081] In a preferred embodiment, the present invention relates to a non-medical use of the composition or application apparatus of the present invention in decontamination of skin from harmful factors selected from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), chemical weapons agents, ethidium bromide, nanoparticles, microplastic particles, viruses, etc. The non-medical use is preferably for cleaning purposes, i.e., for cleaning skin from contamination by harmful factors selected from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), chemical weapons agents, ethidium bromide, nanoparticles, microplastic particles, viruses, etc., such as particulate and hydrophobic harmful factors.

[0082] In a more preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a composition or application apparatus for use in decontamination of skin from harmful factors, such as particulate and hydrophobic harmful factors, selected from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), chemical weapons agents, ethidium bromide, nanoparticles, microplastic particles, viruses, and the like.

[0083] In a more preferred embodiment, the present invention relates to the use of compositions or application devices for the preparation of agents for decontamination of skin from harmful factors selected from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), chemical weapons agents, ethidium bromide, nanoparticles, microplastic particles, viruses, etc., such as particulate and hydrophobic harmful factors, for the treatment of contaminated skin.

[0084] In a more preferred embodiment, the present invention relates to a method for treating skin contaminated with a hazardous factor, for example, a particulate and hydrophobic hazardous factor, selected from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), chemical weapons agents, ethidium bromide, nanoparticles, microplastic particles, viruses, etc., comprising the steps of administering a composition of the present invention to the contaminated skin of a person in need of treatment, and decontaminating the skin from the hazardous factor, for example, a particulate and hydrophobic hazardous factor, selected from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), chemical weapons agents, ethidium bromide, nanoparticles, microplastic particles, viruses, etc.

[0085] Uses or methods for decontaminating skin from harmful factors selected from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), chemical weapons agents, ethidium bromide, nanoparticles, microplastic particles, viruses, etc., such as particulate and hydrophobic harmful factors, preferably nanoparticles, are typically, Preferably, the decontamination composition of the present invention is applied to the contaminated area of ​​the skin by rubbing with a suitable means such as a sponge; The decontamination composition is washed away with water, preferably cold water, along with harmful factors selected from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), chemical weapons agents, ethidium bromide, nanoparticles, microplastic particles, viruses, etc., such as particulate and hydrophobic harmful factors, preferably nanoparticles; The process involves visually inspecting whether the charcoal, graphite, or other carbon-based powder contained in the decontamination composition has been completely washed away from the skin, and optionally implementing quality control to ensure that harmful factors selected from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), chemical weapons agents, ethidium bromide, nanoparticles, microplastic particles, viruses, etc., such as particulate and hydrophobic harmful factors, preferably nanoparticles, have been completely washed away. Includes:

[0086] The present invention will be further described with reference to seven drawings and nine embodiments. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0087] (Brief explanation of the drawing) [Figure 1] Figure 1 shows a graph illustrating the content of activated carbon, bentonite, and kaolin, and the decontamination efficiency of each in removing nanoparticles from the skin. [Figure 2] Figure 2 shows the results of a comparison of the decontamination efficiency of the composition of the present invention and commercially available cleansing products. [Figure 3] Figure 3 shows, on the left, the decontamination composition immediately after application; in the middle, the decontamination composition after insufficient rinsing, with black activated carbon particle residue still visible; and on the right, completely decontaminated skin after thorough washing. [Figure 4] Figure 4 shows an example of the decontamination kit of the present invention. [Figure 5] Figure 5 shows the results of a time-dependent decontamination efficacy test. [Figure 6] Figure 6 shows the percentage of nanoparticles remaining on the skin after decontamination. [Figure 7] Figure 7 shows a tube applicator as an example of the decontamination kit of the present invention. [Examples]

[0088] (Examples of the present invention) (Example 1: General manufacturing process for decontamination compositions) In the first step, at least one water-soluble polymer and optionally a gelling agent are mixed with purified water. Then, at least one activated phyllosilicate and activated carbon are homogenized and, after homogenization, added to the wet mixture of at least one water-soluble polymer and optionally a gelling agent in water. The resulting mixture is then thoroughly stirred until homogenized.

[0089] Furthermore, the following is a typical manufacturing method for 100g of gel: Mix 24 g of PEG and 6 g of carboxymethylcellulose with 31 g of purified water (18.2 MΩ). Then, homogenize 13 g of bentonite, 13 g of kaolin, and 13 g of activated carbon, and then add them to the wet mixture. Stir thoroughly until the finished mixture is homogenized.

[0090] (Example 2: General design of a decontamination experiment) Decontamination experiments were conducted using pig skin.

[0091] (Preparation of pig skin) Pig skin was prepared as follows: German Landrace pigs aged 5-8 months were used. The age, sex, and weight of each donor animal were documented in the study protocol.

[0092] A skin sample measuring approximately 10 cm x 10 cm was removed from the lateral abdominal wall using a surgical scalpel. A distance of at least 5 cm was maintained from the spine, ribs, and mid-abdomen. The skin sample was wrapped in a surgical drape to avoid contamination with subcutaneous adipose tissue. Transport to the laboratory was carried out in a freezer bag in a cooler box at approximately 4-8°C on a cooling battery or ice.

[0093] First, clean the skin surface with lukewarm water. Then, cover the preparation base with a layer of aluminum foil, and then cover that with a layer of absorbent material (e.g., Zemuko general-purpose compress). Place the skin piece on top of this with the stratum corneum side down. Attach arterial clamps to the four corners of the skin and stretch the skin with rubber bands. Alternatively, the skin can be secured with four injection needles inserted through the corners of the skin into a polystyrene pad. Grasp the subcutaneous adipose tissue with surgical forceps and separate it just below the dermis using a scalpel. Care must be taken to avoid contact between the surface and the subcutaneous fat. Due to the risk of contamination, after dissecting the subcutaneous adipose tissue, the outermost 5 mm of the periphery must be discarded. Then, place the prepared skin on the aluminum foil with dissecting forceps, smooth out any bumps if necessary, wrap it in aluminum foil, and place it in a freezer bag. Seal the freezer bag tightly to remove as much air as possible. Freeze the skin sample on a flat surface in a freezer at -20°C to -30°C. For further use, store the sample in the freezer for at least 24 hours. The maximum storage period is 6 months. Documentation of the storage period must be provided.

[0094] Before use in the experiment, the skin sample must be moistened. To moisten it, adjust the beaker containing the acceptor medium to 32°C. Then, place the skin sample in the beaker and completely cover it with the acceptor medium.

[0095] (Decontamination experiment) Skin samples were contaminated with 2-6 nm CdSe quantum dot particles. These particles are particularly difficult to remove due to their small size, and therefore exhibit good decontamination efficacy even for larger nanoparticles. Due to their fluorescence, the quantum dot particles are quantitatively detectable. After a 30-second exposure time following contamination, appropriate countermeasures were taken. This involved thoroughly rubbing with the composition of the present invention, followed by washing with cold water. All skin samples were examined using a fluorescence spectrometer.

[0096] (Example 3: Screening of effective amounts of composition components) Pig skin fragments were contaminated with nanoparticles and treated with various decontamination compositions as described in Example 2. The results are shown in Table 1. Table 1: Effectiveness of various decontamination compositions [Table 1]

[0097] The results in Table 1 show that mixtures of the water-soluble polymer PEG with phyllosilicates such as bentonite or kaolin and activated carbon are generally more efficient in decontaminating nanoparticles from the skin.

[0098] (Example 4: Optimization of decontamination composition) Based on the results achieved in Example 3, the decontamination composition was further optimized with respect to specific components and their amounts contained in the composition. Efficacy tests were performed in three consecutive tests as described in Example 2. The composition was prepared as described in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 2. Figure 1 shows a graph of the content of activated carbon, bentonite, and kaolin and their respective decontamination efficiency of nanoparticles from the skin. Table 2: Efficiency of optimized decontamination composition [Table 2] 1 Aldrich graphite, <20μm 2 Alpha Aesar 200-mesh graphite, 3 Activated carbon Norit SX Super E153 8033.8; 4 Norit SX Super E153 8017.7

[0099] The results in Table 2 show that compositions containing 31% by weight of PEG, 42% by weight of water, 9% by weight of activated carbon or graphite, 9% by weight of kaolin, and 9% by weight of bentonite exhibited decontamination rates ranging from 88.4% to 100%, demonstrating their high effectiveness.

[0100] (Example 5: Decontamination of skin from microplastic particles) The present invention was also tested for the decontamination of microplastic particles. For this purpose, polystyrene microplastic particles having a diameter of 3 μm or 20 μm (purchased from polysciences.com) were labeled with Nile Red to enable fluorescence detection (Erni-Cassola, G. et al., lost, but found with Nile Red; a novel method to detect and quantify small microplastics (20 μm-1 mm) in environmental samples). Environ. Sci. Technol., published November 7, 2017, p. 27, doi:10.1021 / acs.est.7b04512). The decontamination experiment was carried out as described in Example 2. The decontamination efficiency according to the present invention was 100%.

[0101] (Example 5: Decontamination of skin from harmful hydrophobic substances) Pig skin was prepared as described in Example 2.

[0102] Fluorene and benzo[a]pyrene, both PAHs, were tested as representative compounds of this class of chemicals. Stock solutions were prepared as follows: Fluorene: 2.2 mg / mL in chloroform Benzo[a]pyrene in chloroform, 3.3 mg / mL

[0103] 10 μL of each solution was applied to the skin. Decontamination measures were initiated 30 seconds after exposure. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0104] The decontamination efficiency was measured by immersing the sample in ethanol and then analyzing it by gas chromatography. Chemical warfare agent: For the safety of the test, a harmless mimic with closely matching physicochemical properties was used. The criterion for similarity is vapor pressure, as it affects not only adsorption / desorption but also diffusion. For decontamination, another relevant parameter is the octanol / water and octanol-air partition coefficients K OW and K OA (see Bartelt-Hunt, S.L. et al., A Review of Chemical Warfare Agent Simulants for the Study of Environmental Behavior. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 38:2, 112-136).

[0105] A stock solution of the simulant in ethanol containing 10 mg / mL of a compound selected from malathion, methyl salicylate, triethyl phosphate, dimethyl methylphosphonate, and diethyl methylphosphonate was prepared. Ten microliters was placed on the pig skin model. After 30 seconds, each decontamination measure was initiated. The results are shown in Table 3. Table 3: Efficiency of cleaning of PAH and chemical warfare agents

Table 3

[0106] (Example 7: Comparison of decontamination efficiency with commercial products) The pig skin was prepared as described in Example 2. The composition of the present invention containing 31 wt% PEG, 42 wt% water, 9 wt% activated carbon or graphite, 9 wt% kaolin, and 9 wt% bentonite was prepared as described in Example 1. The decontamination experiment was carried out as described in Example 2.

[0107] These measurements showed that washing with water removed only 5.2% of particles from the skin, while treatment with water and soap removed 75% of particles. The composition of the present invention was able to remove 99.1% of particles from the skin and was therefore more efficient than soap and water, but more efficient than other special products used for skin decontamination (Decontafix and MediDecon), which were able to remove 72.5% and 87.2% of particles from the skin, respectively. These results are shown in Figure 2.

[0108] Conventional cleansing products such as soap and water are unsuitable because they enlarge the pores of the skin. After a series of large-scale tests using various water-soluble plastics, polyethylene glycol showed the best decontamination ability. Since decontamination ability alone is insufficient, other components were tested to further improve decontamination performance. A key criterion is that the components are compatible with each other in order to produce the composition of the present invention in a functional manner. Kaolin and bentonite (phyllosilicate or clay mineral), which primarily bind to and fix the charged nanoparticles to prevent them from penetrating the skin, proved well suited for this purpose. Furthermore, the composition contains activated carbon, which has a very large surface area for the nonspecific binding of nanoparticles.

[0109] Furthermore, time-dependent decontamination tests were conducted at 30 seconds, 1 minute, 2 minutes, and 10 minutes using the decontamination composition of the present invention and a detergent (dishwashing detergent).

[0110] These results indicate that detergents are not very suitable for decontamination, with efficiency dropping sharply from 2 minutes, while the composition of the present invention maintains consistently high decontamination efficiency (Figure 5). This is consistent with the percentage of particles remaining on the skin (Figure 6).

[0111] (Example 8: Indicator function of decontamination composition) Activated carbon or graphite imparts a black color to the composition, which serves as an indicator of whether the composition is still present on the skin along with the removed nanoparticles (see Figure 3).

[0112] As shown in Figure 3, after the skin came into contact with the nanoparticles, a sponge containing the decontamination composition of the present invention was used to rub the contaminated area of ​​the skin. The decontamination composition, along with the nanoparticles, was then rinsed off with cold water. To ensure a sufficiently long rinse, the composition contains an indicator that allows for visual confirmation of when decontamination is complete. The indicator consists of activated carbon or graphite that adheres to the pores of the skin. Since the activated carbon or graphite binds to the nanoparticles, decontamination can be confirmed as soon as the activated carbon becomes invisible.

[0113] (Example 9: Decontamination Kit) One example of a decontamination kit of the present invention includes a sponge-like applicator impregnated with the decontamination composition of the present invention in gel form (see Figure 4). On the left side of Figure 4, a sponge-like applicator containing the decomposition gel of the present invention is shown. The photograph next to the left-hand photograph shows the process of applying the decomposition gel to a contaminated area of ​​skin. The third photograph (viewed from the left) shows the skin after application of the decomposition gel. The photograph on the right shows the skin after the decomposition gel has been completely washed off.

[0114] A further example of the decontamination kit of the present invention includes a tube applicator containing a sponge for applying the decontamination composition of the present invention in paste form (see Figure 7). The upper left of Figure 7 shows the tube applicator containing the decomposition paste of the present invention in the process of applying the decomposition paste to a contaminated area of ​​skin. The upper right photograph shows the skin after application of the decomposition paste. The lower left photograph shows the skin while the decomposition paste is being washed off. The lower right photograph shows the skin after the decomposition paste has been completely washed off. This application provides the invention in the following embodiments. (Aspect 1) A composition for decontaminating the skin from harmful elements, such as particulate and hydrophobic harmful elements, wherein the composition is • 1-40 wt% of at least one water-soluble polymer or block copolymer, • At least one phylosilicate in 1-40 wt%, · 1-30 wt% charcoal and / or graphite and / or other carbon-based powders, ·water The composition comprising; and wherein the composition for decontaminating the skin does not contain a permeation enhancer. (Aspect 2) The composition according to embodiment 1, wherein the at least one water-soluble polymer or block copolymer is selected from polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, poloxamer, poloxamine, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, chitosan, dextran, guar gum, bovine serum albumin (BSA), polygerin, polyacrylamide, polyphosphate (sodium polyphosphate), polyphosphazene, pectin, and carrageenan. (Aspect 3) The composition according to embodiment 1 or 2, wherein the at least one polymer is polyethylene glycol or polypropylene glycol, preferably polyethylene glycol. (Aspect 4) The aforementioned at least one phyllosilicate is ajoite, allophane, iron mica, apophyllite, apophyllite-(kf), bentonite, biotite, bowenite, bramalite, cartonite, calliopilite, cavansite, chamosite, chapmanite, chrysocolla, clay, clay minerals, clintonite, simlite, delesite, dickite, ekanite, ephesite, expanded clay aggregate, flypontite, franklinfilite, fuchsite, greenalite, gyrolite, halloysite, hisingelite, cornite, canphite, kaolinite, kegelite, kerolite A composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 3, selected from lyte, thial mica, makolaite, macdonaldite, magadiite, medicinal clay, meerschaum pipe, metallic clay, mica, minesotite, nerenite, neptunite, okenite, organic clay, pentagonite, feldspar, phlogopite, pimelite, pyrophyllite, sunbornite, ciaelecite, meersiite, seraphinite, sericite, altered sericite, siderophyllite, soapstone, stilpnomelene, talc, thuringite, tankite, toupersutziite, usingite, zahalovite, and susmanite. (Appendix 5) The composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 4, wherein the at least one phyllosilicate is bentonite or kaolin, preferably bentonite. (Aspect 6) The composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 5, wherein the charcoal is activated charcoal, which is preferably made from anthracite, bituminized coal, coconut, or peat, and / or wherein the other carbon-based powder is selected from fruit shells or stone powders, such as olive seed powder, almond (sweet almond) shell powder, peach (Prunus Persica) (peach) seed powder, pistachio (Pistacia Vera) (pistachio) shell powder, avocado (Persea Gratissima) (avocado) extract, apricot seed powder, argan kernel extract, and walnut shell powder. (Aspect 7) • At least one water-soluble polymer in an amount of 1-40 wt%, • At least one phylosilicate in 2-30 wt%, · ≥10 wt% charcoal and / or graphite, ·water A composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 6, comprising: (Pattern 8) • Preservatives up to 10 wt%; and / or • 1-10 wt% gelling agent A composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 7, further comprising: (Aspect 9) The composition according to embodiment 8, wherein the preservative is a paraben-free preservative and is selected from phenethyl alcohol, phenoxyethanol, sorbate, potassium sorbate, sodium sorbate, sorbic acid, sodium benzoate, benzoic acid, oleuropein, cranberry extract, lactic acid bacteria ferment filtrate, Usnia barbata extract, pomegranate extract, Populus aspen bark extract, resveratrol, anisic acid, sodium anisate, phenylpropanol, undecylenic acid, and sorbitan caprylate, or any combination thereof. (Aspect 10) The composition according to embodiment 8 or 9, wherein the gelling agent is selected from ... or any combination thereof. (Aspect 11) • 1-40% by weight of at least one water-soluble polymer, • At least one phyllosilicate in 1-40% by weight, 1 to 30% by weight, preferably 2.5 to 30% by weight of charcoal and / or graphite and / or other carbon-based powders. • Preservatives up to 10% by weight; and / or • 1-10% by weight of a gelling agent; and ·water A composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 10, comprising: (Aspect 12) • 30-35% by weight of at least one water-soluble polymer; • 16-25% by weight of at least one phylrosilicate; • ≥10% by weight of charcoal and / or graphite and / or other carbon-based powders; • Preservatives up to 10% by weight; and / or • 1-10% by weight of a gelling agent; and ·water A composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 11, comprising: (Aspect 13) 30-35% by weight of PEG; 16-25% by weight of bentonite and / or kaolin; • ≥10% by weight of activated carbon and / or graphite and / or other carbon-based powders; • Preservatives up to 10% by weight; and / or · 1-10% by weight of carboxymethylcellulose and / or xanthan carrageenan; and ·water A composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12, comprising: (Aspect 14) A composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 13, further comprising an anti-inflammatory agent and an agent beneficial to the skin barrier function. (Aspect 15) The composition according to embodiment 14, wherein the anti-inflammatory agent and the agent beneficial to the skin barrier function are selected from schizophyllan, glucomannan, polycitronellol, polycitronellol acetate, and any combination thereof. (Aspect 16) The composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 15, further comprising a buffering agent for adjusting the pH value of the composition. (Aspect 17) The composition according to embodiment 16, wherein the buffering agent is an acid or a base, and is selected from hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sulfuric acid, and nitric acid, and any combination thereof. (Aspect 18) A composition for use according to any one of embodiments 1 to 17, wherein the composition does not contain a surfactant. (Aspect 19) A composition for use according to any one of embodiments 1 to 18, wherein the composition does not contain polyvinylpyrrolidone, carboxymethylcellulose, hyaluronic acid, polyethyleneimine, polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP), DMSO, xanthan gum, glycerin, caprylyl glycol, acemannan, carvacrol, gluconolactone, green tea extract, sunflower seed oil, polyaminopropyl biguanide, polyglyceryl-3 palmitate, polyglyceryl-6 caprylate, rosemary leaf extract, benzyl alcohol, carrageenan, poloxamer 188, and poloxamer 401. (Aspect 20) The composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 19, wherein the composition does not affect the barrier function of the skin. (Aspect 21) The composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 20, wherein the particulate and hydrophobic harmful factor is selected from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), sulfur mustard, tabun / GA, sarin, soman, O-ethyl-S-2-diisopropylaminoethylmethylphosphonothiolate (VX), ethidium bromide, nanoparticles, microplastic particles, and viruses. (Aspect 22) The composition according to embodiment 21, wherein the nanoparticles are selected from metal nanoparticles, inorganic nanoparticles, organic nanoparticles, and semiconductor nanoparticles. (Aspect 23) The composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 22, wherein the composition is a cream, paste, lotion, or gel. (Aspect 24) A composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 23 for use in decontaminating skin from harmful factors selected from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), chemical weapons agents, ethidium bromide, nanoparticles, microplastic particles, and viruses, such as particulate and hydrophobic harmful factors. (Aspect 25) Use of the composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 23 for the treatment of contaminated skin, in particular for the preparation of a pharmaceutical for decontamination of the skin from harmful factors selected from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), chemical weapons agents, ethidium bromide, nanoparticles, microplastic particles, and viruses, such as particulate and hydrophobic harmful factors. (Aspect 26) A method for treating skin contaminated with a harmful factor, for example, a particulate and hydrophobic harmful factor, selected from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), chemical weapons agents, ethidium bromide, nanoparticles, microplastic particles, and viruses, comprising the steps of: administering a composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 23 to the contaminated skin of a person requiring the treatment; and decontaminating the skin from a harmful factor, for example, a particulate and hydrophobic harmful factor, selected from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), chemical weapons agents, ethidium bromide, nanoparticles, microplastic particles, and viruses. (Aspect 27) Non-medical use of any one of the compositions according to Embodiments 1 to 23 for decontamination of the skin from harmful factors selected from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), chemical weapons agents, ethidium bromide, nanoparticles, microplastic particles, and viruses, such as particulate and hydrophobic harmful factors. (Aspect 28) The use or method according to embodiments 25 to 27, further comprising the step of performing quality control to ensure that harmful factors, such as particulate and hydrophobic harmful factors, selected from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), chemical weapons agents, ethidium bromide, nanoparticles, microplastic particles, and viruses, have been completely washed away, by visually examining whether the charcoal or graphite contained in the decontamination composition has been completely washed away from the skin. (Aspect 29) An application device comprising the composition described in any one of embodiments 1 to 23. (Aspect 30) The application device according to embodiment 29, wherein the application device is selected from a sponge, a cloth, a shoe cleaning tube, a spray can, or a spray device. (Aspect 31) The application device according to embodiment 29 or 30, wherein the application device is a sponge comprising the composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 22, wherein the composition is in the form of a gel, and wherein the application device or composition optionally further comprises an indicator, wherein the indicator indicates whether the affected area of ​​skin has been sufficiently and effectively cleaned.

Claims

1. A composition for decontaminating skin from particulate and / or hydrophobic harmful elements, wherein the composition comprises: 10–40 wt% of at least one water-soluble polymer or block copolymer, - At least one phylosilicate in 1-40 wt%, - 1-30 wt% charcoal and / or graphite and / or other carbon-based powders, ·water Includes; The composition for decontaminating the skin does not contain a permeation enhancer, and a permeation enhancer is defined as a substance that chemically promotes the permeation of substances through the skin. The composition wherein the permeation enhancer is selected from the group consisting of surfactants, polyvinylpyrrolidone, carboxymethylcellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, hyaluronic acid, polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP), DMSO, xanthan gum and glycerin, caprylyl glycol, acemannan, carvacrol, gluconolactone, green tea extract, sunflower seed oil, polyaminopropyl biguanide, polyglyceryl-3 palmitate, polyglyceryl-6 caprylate, rosemary leaf extract and benzyl alcohol, carrageenan, poloxamer 188, and poloxamer 401.

2. The at least one water-soluble polymer or block copolymer is selected from polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, poloxamer, poloxamine, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), polyacrylic acid, chitosan, dextran, guar gum, bovine serum albumin (BSA), polygerin, polyacrylamide, polyphosphate (sodium polyphosphate), polyphosphazene, and pectin. and / or The aforementioned at least one phyllosilicate is ajoite, allophane, iron mica, apophyllite, apophyllite-(kf), bentonite, biotite, bowenite, bramalite, cartonite, calliopilite, cavansite, chamosite, chapmanite, chrysocolla, clay, clay minerals, clintonite, simlite, delesite, dickite, ekanite, ephesite, expanded clay aggregate, flypontite, franklinfilite, fuchsite, greenalite, gyrolite, halloysite, hisingelite, cornite, canphite, kaolinite Selected from kegelite, kerolite, thiamite, makoraiite, macdonaldite, magadiite, medicinal clay, meerschaum pipe, metallic clay, mica, minesotite, nerenite, neptunite, okenite, organic clay, pentagonite, feldspar, phlogopite, pimelite, pyrophyllite, sunbornite, ciaelecite, meersiite, seraphinite, sericite alteration, siderophyllite, soapstone, stilpnomelane, talc, thuringite, tankite, toupersutziite, ushingite, zaharovite, and susmanite. and / or The charcoal is activated charcoal, wherein the activated charcoal is made from anthracite, bituminized coal, coconut, or peat, and / or wherein the other carbon-based powder is selected from fruit shells or stone powders selected from the group consisting of olive seed powder, almond (sweet almond) shell powder, peach (Prunus Persica) (peach) seed powder, pistachio (Pistacia Vera) (pistachio) shell powder, avocado (Persea Gratissima) (avocado) extract, apricot seed powder, argan kernel extract, and walnut shell powder. The composition according to claim 1.

3. - 10-40 wt% of at least one water-soluble polymer, - At least one phylosilicate in 2-30 wt%, ≥10 wt% charcoal and / or graphite, ·water; and / or - Preservatives up to 10 wt%; and / or • 1-10 wt% gelling agent A composition according to claim 1 or 2, comprising:

4. The aforementioned preservative is a paraben-free preservative and is selected from phenethyl alcohol, phenoxyethanol, sorbate, potassium sorbate, sodium sorbate, sorbic acid, sodium benzoate, benzoic acid, oleuropein, cranberry extract, lactic acid bacteria ferment filtrate, Usnia barbata extract, pomegranate extract, Populus aspen bark extract, resveratrol, anisic acid, sodium anisate, phenylpropanol, undecylenic acid, and sorbitan caprylate, or any combination thereof. and / or The gelling agent is selected from cellulose ethers, carbomers, and polyoxazolines selected from the group consisting of methylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, hypromellose, ethylcellulose, ethylmethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxyethylmethylcellulose, ethylhydroxyethylcellulose, or combinations thereof. The composition according to claim 3.

5. - 10-40% by weight of at least one water-soluble polymer, - 1-40% by weight of at least one phylosilicate, 1-30% by weight of charcoal and / or graphite and / or other carbon-based powders - Up to 10% by weight of preservatives; and / or - 1 to 10% by weight of a gelling agent; and ·water or • At least one water-soluble polymer in an amount of 30–35% by weight; • 16–25% by weight of at least one phylosilicate; ≥10% by weight of charcoal and / or graphite and / or other carbon-based powders; - Up to 10% by weight of preservatives; and / or - 1 to 10% by weight of a gelling agent; and ·water or 30–35% by weight of PEG; 16–25% by weight of bentonite and / or kaolin; ≥10% by weight of activated carbon and / or graphite and / or other carbon-based powders; - Up to 10% by weight of preservatives; and / or 1 to 10% by weight of carboxymethylcellulose; and ·water A composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising:

6. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising an anti-inflammatory agent and an agent beneficial to skin barrier function, wherein the anti-inflammatory agent and the agent beneficial to skin barrier function are selected from the group consisting of one or more agents selected from schizophyllan, glucomannan, polycitronellol, and polycitronellol acetate.

7. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a buffering agent for adjusting the pH value of the composition.

8. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the composition does not affect the barrier function of the skin.

9. The particulate and / or hydrophobic harmful factors are selected from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), sulfur mustard, tabun / GA, sarin, soman, O-ethyl-S-2-diisopropylaminoethylmethylphosphonothiolate (VX), ethidium bromide, nanoparticles, microplastic particles, and viruses. and / or The nanoparticles are selected from metal nanoparticles, inorganic nanoparticles, organic nanoparticles, and semiconductor nanoparticles. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the composition is a cream, paste, lotion, or gel.

11. A composition according to any one of claims 1 to 10 for use in decontaminating skin from harmful factors selected from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), chemical weapons agents, ethidium bromide, nanoparticles, microplastic particles, and viruses.

12. The composition for use according to claim 11, further comprising the step of performing quality control to ensure that harmful factors selected from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), chemical weapons agents, ethidium bromide, nanoparticles, microplastic particles, and viruses have been completely washed away by visually examining whether the charcoal or graphite contained in the decontamination composition has been completely washed away from the skin.

13. An application apparatus comprising the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the application apparatus is selected from the group consisting of a sponge, a cloth, a shoe cleaning tube, a spray can, or a spray device.

14. The application device according to claim 13, wherein the application device is a sponge comprising the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the composition is in the form of a gel, and wherein the application device or composition optionally further comprises an indicator, wherein the indicator indicates whether the affected area of ​​skin has been sufficiently and effectively cleaned.

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