Temporary covering method

Abstract

To provide a temporary lining structure and a temporary lining method which suppress an influence on traffic due to traffic regulation accompanying construction, and can improve construction efficiency.SOLUTION: A temporary lining structure 1, which can cancel traffic regulation in a state where an excavation hole 15 formed by excavating a pavement part 21 is left, in construction for executing traffic regulation on a part of traffic lines on a road having a plurality of traffic lanes, and excavating the pavement part 21 on the part of traffic lanes, includes a road decking panel 11 that is erected at a height approximately the same with the formation height of the pavement part 21 on the excavation hole 15 formed by excavating the pavement part 21, and a trestle 12 which is provided between the excavation hole 15 and the road decking panel 11 and supports the road decking panel 11.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention ,tentative relates to a lining method.

Background Art

[0002] In recent years, in widening and renewal work of existing road tunnels, invert installation work has been frequently carried out to improve the tunnel bearing capacity by constructing an invert that connects the bottom of the tunnel to the bottom ground under the roadbed in an inverted arch shape.

[0003] Conventionally, during the construction period of invert installation work, traffic control considering general traffic at the construction site is implemented. For example, on a two-lane road, it is common to restrict one lane on the side where the invert is installed throughout the day for construction. Also, for example, on a road with a large daytime traffic volume such as a tunnel in an urban area, there is a method of carrying out construction with a full-night traffic stop and opening all lanes during the time other than the traffic stop. Since the above methods have a great impact on general traffic at the construction site, a construction method that can shorten the construction period without traffic stops is required.

[0004] For example, there is a method of constructing an invert without a full traffic stop by performing invert construction on one side at the center of the tunnel cross-section, installing a temporary traffic lane on the invert, and then performing invert construction on the other side and under the temporary traffic lane (see Patent Document 1). Also, for example, there is a method of constructing an invert by installing a steel shell in an invert installation part excavated in the tunnel bottom ground, backfilling the invert installation part, and injecting and filling concrete into the steel shell to form a composite segment (see Patent Document 2).

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0005]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

[0006] However, the method of providing a temporary passageway during invert construction as described in Patent Document 1 has the problem that the number of lanes in the traffic-restricted section is reduced during the construction period, resulting in a longer period during which the traffic handling capacity of the construction site is reduced. Furthermore, the method of injecting and filling concrete into the steel shell described in Patent Document 2 has the drawback of requiring a longer construction period and higher costs because it involves installing retaining piles and sheet piles in the ground on the construction road side in the direction of the tunnel axis, resulting in a longer period of traffic restrictions.

[0007] Therefore, the present invention can suppress the impact on traffic caused by traffic restrictions associated with construction work and improve construction efficiency. ru ka The purpose is to provide a lining method. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] To achieve the above objective, the temporary covering structure according to the present invention is a temporary covering structure that allows the removal of traffic restrictions in construction work to install traffic restrictions on some lanes of a road having multiple lanes, while leaving the excavated hole formed by excavating the pavement of some lanes in place, and comprises a covering plate erected on the excavated hole formed by excavating the pavement at a height approximately equal to the height of the pavement, and a frame positioned between the excavated hole and the covering plate to support the covering plate.

[0009] With the above configuration, the temporary covering structure allows for the lifting of traffic restrictions outside of construction hours by erecting a covering plate over the excavated holes left behind during construction work that involves traffic restrictions. As a result, the installation of the temporary covering structure makes it possible to carry out construction work without traffic restrictions outside of construction hours, thereby minimizing the impact on general traffic at the construction site. Furthermore, the temporary covering structure eliminates the need for restoration work such as backfilling excavated holes each time traffic restrictions are lifted during construction, and its simple structure improves construction efficiency and reduces construction costs. Furthermore, the temporary covering structure is constructed such that the covering plate is erected at a height that is approximately the same as the height of the paved area, resulting in a configuration where there are no uneven areas at the boundary between the covering plate and the paved area. Therefore, when traffic restrictions are lifted, the temporary covering structure can suppress the impact caused by unevenness when passing vehicles cross the boundary between the covering plate and the paved area, and the impact of such impacts on passing vehicles.

[0010] Furthermore, in the temporary covering structure according to the present invention, the covering plate is formed by arranging a plurality of covering plates in a planar manner, and the support structure may be provided in a plurality in the direction of installation of the covering plate, and may support the adjacent ends of the covering plates in the direction of installation of the covering plate so as to straddle them.

[0011] With the above configuration, the temporary covering structure can be divided into multiple covering plates, thereby reducing the burden during transportation and erection work, and making it easier to form the covering plate. Furthermore, since the temporary covering structure can erect the covering plate without requiring large cranes, the covering plate can be easily erected even when there are constraints on the construction space, such as when the width of the construction site is only that of one lane.

[0012] Furthermore, the temporary covering structure according to the present invention may include a steel plate placed between the covering plate and the frame.

[0013] By adopting the above configuration, the temporary covering structure can ensure that the contact points between the covering plate and the support frame are uniform, thereby eliminating unevenness at the contact points between the covering plate and the steel plate, and allowing the covering plate to be stably positioned.

[0014] Furthermore, in the temporary covering structure according to the present invention, the steel plate may be supported so as to straddle the opposing ends of adjacent covering plates in the direction of installation of the covering plates.

[0015] With the above configuration, the temporary covering structure can concentrate the loads applied by adjacent covering plates in the direction of installation of the covering plates using steel plates. Therefore, by eliminating the unevenness of the load acting on the contact points between the covering plates and steel plates and making it uniform, the covering plates can be stably positioned.

[0016] Furthermore, in the temporary covering structure according to the present invention, the support structure may be arranged at both ends of the steel plate covering plate in the direction of installation.

[0017] With the above configuration, the temporary covering structure is supported at both ends of the covering plate in the direction of installation, thus preventing the support structure from tipping over due to rotational moments caused by the load acting on the contact points between the covering plate and the steel plates.

[0018] Furthermore, the temporary covering structure according to the present invention may be provided with fixing claws that connect adjacent covering plates in the direction of installation of the covering plates, and adjacent covering plates in the direction of installation of the covering plates may each be provided with locking portions at their opposing ends, and the pair of locking portions may be locked together with the fixing claws.

[0019] By adopting the above configuration, the temporary covering structure can suppress the occurrence of displacement between adjacent covering plates due to horizontal displacement, etc. Therefore, the covering plates can be made uniform without gaps caused by displacement, ensuring the safety of passing vehicles.

[0020] Furthermore, in the temporary covering structure according to the present invention, the periphery of the excavated hole may have a flat portion formed on which the support frame can be installed, and the support frame may be provided on the flat portion.

[0021] With the above configuration, the temporary covering structure can stably position the covering plate by installing a support frame, even when the excavation hole is deep.

[0022] The false covering method according to the present invention is a false covering method applied to a construction for excavating a paved section in a tunnel and installing an invert for reinforcing the tunnel, comprising: a step of installing traffic control on a part of the lanes of a road having a plurality of lanes; a step of excavating the paved section of the part of the lanes; a step of installing a gantry at a predetermined position above an excavation hole formed by excavating the paved section; a step of constructing the invert in the excavation hole; a step of erecting a false covering plate supported by the gantry at a height substantially the same as the formation height of the paved section above the excavation hole; and a step of releasing the traffic control in a state where the excavation hole is left after installing the false covering plate.

[0023] By adopting the above false covering method, traffic control can be released except during the construction time of the false covering plate erection, so that the installation work of the invert can be carried out while suppressing the impact on general traffic at the construction site. In addition, by erecting the false covering plate, restoration work such as backfilling the excavation hole every time the traffic control is released can be omitted, and the structure is also simple, so that the construction efficiency can be improved and the construction cost can be reduced. In addition, since the false covering plate is erected at a height substantially the same as the formation height of the paved section, a configuration without unevenness can be achieved at the boundary between the false covering plate and the paved section. Therefore, when the traffic control is released, the impact caused by the unevenness when the passing vehicle passes through the boundary between the false covering plate and the paved section and the influence of the impact on the passing vehicle can be suppressed.

Effect of the Invention

[0024] According to the present invention, it is possible to suppress the impact on traffic caused by traffic control associated with the construction and improve the construction efficiency ru ka and provide a false covering method.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0025] [Figure 1] It is an explanatory diagram showing a state where a false covering structure is installed in one lane in an invert installation work of a tunnel (road tunnel) to which the false covering structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention is applied. [Figure 2]This is an explanatory diagram showing the state in which the support structure and lining plate on one lane side have been installed during the installation of an invert in a road tunnel to which the temporary lining structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention is applied. [Figure 3] This is an explanatory diagram showing the state in Figure 2, where traffic in one lane is opened up by a temporary covering structure. [Figure 4] This is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which excavation of the invert installation location on one lane and partial reinforcement of the invert have been carried out in the invert installation work of a road tunnel to which the temporary covering structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention is applied. [Figure 5] This is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which a portion of the invert of one lane has been constructed during the invert installation work of a road tunnel to which the temporary covering structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention is applied. [Figure 6] This is an explanatory diagram showing the state after backfilling and temporary paving have been carried out at the invert construction site on one lane side of a road tunnel to which the temporary covering structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention is applied. [Figure 7] This is an explanatory diagram showing the state in which the temporary covering structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention is installed in the unconstructed section of one lane during the construction of an invert in a road tunnel to which the temporary covering structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention is applied. [Figure 8] This is an explanatory diagram showing the state in Figure 7, where traffic in one lane is opened up by a temporary covering structure. [Figure 9] This is an explanatory diagram showing the state in which an invert has been constructed in the unconstructed section of one lane during invert installation work for a road tunnel to which the temporary covering structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention is applied. [Figure 10] This is an explanatory diagram showing the state after all of the inverts on one lane have been constructed and the pavement has been restored in the invert installation work of a road tunnel to which the temporary covering structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention is applied. [Figure 11] This is an explanatory diagram showing the state in which the temporary covering structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention is installed on the other lane during invert installation work for a road tunnel. [Figure 12]This is an explanatory diagram showing the completed state of the invert installation work for a road tunnel to which the temporary covering structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention is applied. [Figure 13] This is an explanatory diagram showing the state in which an excavation hole and a support structure have been constructed in one lane during the installation of an invert in a road tunnel to which the temporary covering structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention is applied. [Figure 14] This is an explanatory diagram showing the state in Figure 13, where traffic in one lane is opened up by a temporary covering structure. [Figure 15] This is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which a portion of the invert on one lane side has been constructed during the invert installation work of a road tunnel to which the temporary covering structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention is applied. [Figure 16] This is an explanatory diagram showing the state in Figure 15, where traffic in one lane is opened up by a temporary covering structure. [Figure 17] This is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which temporary pavement has been installed on one lane side during invert installation work for a road tunnel to which the temporary covering structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention is applied. [Figure 18] This is an explanatory diagram showing the state after all of the inverts on one lane side have been constructed and the pavement has been restored in the invert installation work of a road tunnel to which the temporary covering structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention is applied. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0026] <First Embodiment> The temporary covering structure and temporary covering method according to embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Figures 2 to 10 and Figures 13 to 18 are explanatory diagrams viewed from line AA in Figure 1.

[0027] As shown in Figure 1, in this embodiment, the temporary covering structure 1 and the temporary covering construction method for constructing the temporary covering structure 1 are applied to the installation work of the invert 3 of the tunnel 2. The installation work of the invert 3 of the tunnel 2 involves setting up alternating one-way traffic control in the tunnel 2, which has two lanes, and carrying out the work within the traffic control area.

[0028] Temporary covering structure 1 is applied to road construction projects to restrict some lanes only during construction hours, without using large-scale traffic restrictions such as road closures or all-day fixed restrictions, and to lift traffic restrictions outside of construction hours. Temporary covering structure 1 is applied to construction projects that implement traffic restrictions that do not involve road closures, such as alternating one-way traffic restrictions or lane restrictions on roads with two or more lanes in each direction.

[0029] Invert 3 is located below the paved section 21 of tunnel 2 and connects the side walls 22, 22 of tunnel 2 in an inverted arch shape, improving the tunnel's resistance to external forces from the ground, etc. The construction method of invert 3 is not limited; for example, it may be a method in which formwork and reinforcing bars are placed at the construction site and cast concrete is poured in place, or it may be a method in which precast concrete is transported and assembled and installed on site using a known crane or the like.

[0030] The installation of the invert 3 of tunnel 2 will be carried out one lane at a time. Specifically, the pavement section 21 on one lane 23 side will be excavated and the invert 3a on the lane 23 side will be constructed first. After the invert 3a is constructed, the pavement section 21 on the other lane 24 side will be excavated and the invert 3b on the other lane 24 side will be constructed. Invert 3 will be constructed by connecting invert 3a and invert 3b. Invert 3a and invert 3b are formed by joining multiple invert panels 31.

[0031] The following describes the process of installing the invert of Tunnel 2, where temporary covering structure 1 is applied and traffic restrictions are lifted outside of construction hours, with reference to the drawings. The invert installation work for Tunnel 2 involves traffic restrictions and construction being carried out at night, and outside of construction hours, temporary covering structure 1 is installed to lift traffic restrictions and allow vehicles 4 to pass over the lining plate 11.

[0032] Hereinafter, the temporary covering structure 1 that is formed up to the third night will be referred to as temporary covering structure 1a. Temporary covering structure 1a comprises a covering plate 11, a frame 12, a steel plate 13, and fixing claws 14.

[0033] Figure 2 shows the work status on the first night (first step) of the invert installation work for Tunnel 2. The invert installation work for Tunnel 2 is carried out first on the side of lane 23. First, using known excavation equipment such as an asphalt cutter or backhoe, a portion of the work area on one side of lane 23 is excavated, forming an excavation hole 15 by excavating the surface layer 211 and subgrade 212 of the pavement 21.

[0034] The excavation hole 15 is formed at the installation location of the support structure 12 on one side lane 23, and extends from the installation location of the support structure 12 to a portion of the widthwise direction of the pavement section 21, from the center in the widthwise direction to the other side lane 24 side. In this case, the other side lane 24 may be moved to the adjacent side wall 22 side during the construction period of one side lane 23, taking into consideration the widthwise length of the excavation hole 15. The bottom 15a of the excavation hole 15 may have an inclined shape that takes into consideration the arch shape of the invert 3a. The lining plate 11 is erected on the excavation hole 15 in the direction of travel of the tunnel 2. Hereinafter, the direction in which the lining plate 11 is erected on the excavation hole 15 will be referred to as the "erection direction," and the transverse direction of the tunnel 2 will be referred to as the "width direction." Flat sections 151 are formed at both ends and in the middle of the excavation hole 15 in the direction of tunnel 2 erection by partially excavating the pavement section 21.

[0035] A lining plate 11 is installed in each flat section 151 of the excavated hole 15. The vertical height from the top surface of the pavement section 21 to the top surface of the flat section 151 is approximately equal to the thickness of the lining plate 11. The length of the flat section 151 in the installation direction should be such that the lining plate 11 can be installed stably.

[0036] After forming the excavation hole 15, multiple support frames 12 are installed. The support frames 12 are positioned between the excavation hole 15 and the lining plate 11 and support the lining plate 11. Each support frame 12 comprises a height adjustment plate 121 installed on the ground G and a support section 122 positioned on the height adjustment plate 121 to support the lining plate 11. The configuration of the support frames 12 is not limited to those that can stably position the lining plate 11 and that do not tip over due to external forces such as the passage of passing vehicles 4. The length of the support frame 12 in the width direction is approximately equal to the length of the excavation hole 15 in the width direction. Multiple support frames 12 are arranged with a certain interval between them in the installation direction and the width direction.

[0037] The height adjustment plate 121 is made of a plate member having sufficient strength to prevent deformation or damage due to loads such as those from passing vehicles 4. The height adjustment plate 121 is made of, for example, a known steel material. The height adjustment plate 121 adjusts the installation height of the lining plate 11 by adjusting the height of the frame 12, thereby eliminating unevenness with the pavement 21. The configuration for adjusting the height of the frame 12 is not limited to the height adjustment plate 121 described above; for example, a configuration in which height adjustment jacks are placed between the support part 122 and the ground G may also be used.

[0038] The support structure 12 is preferably formed in an arch shape that substantially matches the outer shape of the invert 3. The shape of the support structure 12 reduces the amount of excavation required when installing the excavation hole 15 and the support structure 12, thereby reducing the amount of work and construction costs involved in the excavation, and improving the construction efficiency and economic viability of the invert installation work. Furthermore, the support structure 12 is configured to be placed one at a time under each end 111a of the adjacent lining plate 111 in the installation direction.

[0039] After installing multiple support frames 12, the steel plates 13 are installed. The steel plates 13 are positioned between the lining plate 11 and the support portion 122 of the support frame 12. The lower surface of the steel plates 13 abuts against the support portion 122, and the upper surface of the steel plates 13 abuts against the lining plate 111. The steel plates 13 support the lining plate 11 together with the support frames 12. Multiple steel plates 13 are provided, depending on the number of support frames 12.

[0040] After the steel plate 13 is installed, the lining plate 11 is installed. The lining plate 11 is erected in the construction direction between the flat sections 151, 151 on the excavated hole 15. The lining plate 11 is supported by multiple support sections 16, which are made up of a frame 12 and steel plate 13.

[0041] The lining plate 11 is formed by arranging multiple lining plates 111 in a planar manner in the installation direction and width direction without gaps or overlaps, and is erected on the excavated hole 15.

[0042] The thickness of the lining plate 11 is approximately equal to the vertical height from the top surface of the pavement section 21 to the top surface of the flat section 151. In other words, the installation height of the lining plate 11 relative to the ground G is approximately equal to the formation height of the pavement section 21 relative to the ground G. Therefore, the lining plate 11 is positioned so that no unevenness occurs at the boundary with the pavement section 21.

[0043] The lining plates 111 are made of known steel plates and have sufficient strength to prevent damage or significant deflection when vehicles 4 pass over them when traffic restrictions are lifted. The multiple lining plates 111 that make up the lining plate 11 have substantially the same external shape. The contact portions between adjacent lining plates 111, 111 in the erection direction are formed in a number equal to the number of adjacent lining plates 111, 111 in the erection direction. Similarly, the contact portions are formed in a number equal to the number of adjacent lining plates 111, 111 in the width direction. The adjacent lining plates 111, 111 are arranged without gaps and positioned so that unevenness does not occur at the contact portions, and so that vehicles 4 do not experience significant vibration when they pass over them.

[0044] Multiple lining plates 111 are arranged on the excavated hole 15 in the installation direction and width direction. The ends 111a of the lining plates 111 positioned at both ends in the installation direction abut against the flat section 151.

[0045] The steel plate 13 is positioned so as to straddle the opposing ends 111b, 111b of adjacent lining plates 111, 111 in the erection direction when viewed from above. The steel plate 13 is positioned so that its central portion in the erection direction is located below the contact portions 112 of the ends 111b, 111b. The steel plate 13 has the same configuration as described above for adjacent lining plates 111, 111 in the erection direction, which are similarly formed in the width direction. The steel plate 13 is positioned in the above configuration below all contact portions 112 between adjacent lining plates 111, 111 in the erection direction.

[0046] The support frame 12, which is provided at the bottom of the steel plate 13, is positioned at the bottom of the steel plate 13 and is located below the ends 111b, 111b that constitute the contact portion 112. The support frame 12 is located at least at the bottom of both ends of the steel plate 13 in the erection direction and is positioned to support both ends of the steel plate 13 in the erection direction. In other words, the length of the support frame 12 in the erection direction is greater than or equal to the length of the steel plate 13 in the erection direction.

[0047] When installing the lining plate 11, the vertical height of the frame 12 and steel plate 13 is adjusted using the height adjustment plate 121 to a height that prevents unevenness from occurring between the lining plate 11 and the pavement 21. This process reduces the impact that passing vehicles 4 receive when they pass the boundary between the lining plate 11 and the pavement 21.

[0048] After the lining plate 11 is installed, multiple fixing claws 14 are installed. The fixing claws 14 are provided so as to cover all contact portions 112 that are continuous in the width direction. The fixing claws 14 connect adjacent lining plates 111, 111 in the erection direction.

[0049] The ends 111b, 111b of adjacent lining plates 111, 111 in the erection direction are provided with a pair of groove-shaped locking portions (not shown) on their upper surfaces for engaging a fixing claw 14. The fixing claw 14 engages with the locking portions, fixing adjacent lining plates 111, 111 in the erection direction, and similarly fixing lining plates 111, 111 that are continuous in the width direction. The above configuration is formed in the width direction with a similar configuration in multiple contact portions 112 formed in the erection direction.

[0050] The lining plate 11 may further include locking parts for engaging the fixing claws 14 with the outer sides of the lining plates 111, 111 at both ends in the width direction, and the lining plates 111 that are continuous in the width direction may also be fixed in the same manner.

[0051] The fixing claws 14 may be configured to wrap around the lower surface of the steel plate 13 at both ends in the width direction, thereby firmly fixing it in the width direction.

[0052] During the first night (first step) of the invert installation work for Tunnel 2, the work described above is carried out, and as shown in Figure 3, the traffic restrictions on one side lane 23 are lifted. One side lane 23 becomes passable for vehicles 4 due to the temporary covering structure 1a, and traffic remains open until the traffic restrictions are put in place on the second night (second step).

[0053] Figure 4 shows the work status on the second night (second step) of the invert installation work for tunnel 2. The work on the second night involves first dismantling the temporary covering structure 1a, and then excavating the flat section 151 between the adjacent support frames 12, 12 and a portion of the flat section 151 at the end in the erection direction to enlarge the excavation hole 15 and form the location for installing the invert 3a. After enlarging the excavation hole 15, the reinforcing bars 310 of the invert slab 31 are placed on the bottom 15a at regular intervals in the erection direction. The reinforcing bars 310 of the invert slab 31 are placed avoiding the installation positions of the support frames 12. After that, the lining slab 11 is installed (restored) using the same procedure as on the first night.

[0054] During the second night of the invert installation work for Tunnel 2, the work described above will be carried out, and the traffic restrictions on one side lane 23 will be lifted, as on the first night. One side lane 23 will be made passable by vehicles 4 due to the temporary covering structure 1a, and traffic will remain open until the traffic restrictions are put in place on the third night (third step).

[0055] Figure 5 shows the work status on the third night (third step) of the invert installation work for tunnel 2. The work on the third night involves first dismantling the temporary covering structure 1a, and then pouring concrete onto the reinforcing bars placed on the bottom 15a to form the invert slab 31. The invert slab 31 may also be installed by transporting precast parts. After that, the lining slab 11 is installed using the same procedure as on the first and second nights.

[0056] During the third night of the invert installation work for Tunnel 2, the work described above will be carried out, and the traffic restrictions on one side lane 23 will be lifted, as in the first two nights. One side lane 23 will be made passable by vehicles 4 due to the temporary covering structure 1, and traffic will remain open until the traffic restrictions are put in place on the fourth night (fourth step).

[0057] Figure 6 shows the work status on the fourth night (fourth step) of the tunnel 2 invert installation work. The work on the fourth night first involves dismantling the temporary covering structure 1a and backfilling the excavation hole 15. Temporary pavement 25 is laid over the backfilled excavation hole 15. Temporary pavement 25 comprises a temporary subgrade 251 formed at a height approximately equal to the subgrade 212, and a temporary surface layer 252 laid on the temporary subgrade 251 at a height approximately equal to the surface layer 211. The pavement section 21 and the temporary pavement 25 are formed and positioned so that no unevenness occurs at the boundary. After completing the above work on the fourth night of the tunnel 2 invert installation work, the traffic restrictions on one lane 23 are lifted. The one lane 23 becomes passable for vehicles 4 due to the temporary pavement 25, and traffic remains open until the traffic restrictions are put in place on the fifth night (fifth step).

[0058] Figure 7 shows the work status on the fifth night (fifth step) of the invert installation work for Tunnel 2. The work on the fifth night first involves excavating the temporary pavement 25 located on the unconstructed portion of the invert slab 31 to form the excavation hole 15.

[0059] After forming the excavation hole 15, the second support frame 17 is positioned at the end 311 of the invert plate 31 in the erection direction, facing the unconstructed portion of the invert plate 31. The lining plate 11 is erected between the second support frames 17, 17 provided at both ends of the excavation hole 15 in the erection direction. The lining plate 11 is erected between adjacent invert plates 31, 31 in the erection direction. The excavation hole 15 is divided into multiple sections with the temporary pavement 25 in between. Multiple pairs of second support frames 17 are provided at both ends of each excavation hole 15 in the erection direction.

[0060] Based on the above, if we refer to the temporary covering structure 1 formed by the work on the fifth night as temporary covering structure 1b, then temporary covering structure 1b consists of a covering plate 11 and a plurality of second support frames 17.

[0061] The lining plate 11 is formed according to its length in the direction of installation over the excavated hole 15. For example, the lining plate 11 may be formed by one plate in the installation direction and multiple lining plates 111 in the width direction.

[0062] The lining plate 11, the pavement section 21, and the temporary pavement 25 are formed and arranged so that no unevenness occurs at their boundaries. The installation height of the lining plate 11 relative to the ground G is approximately the same as the formation height of the pavement section 21 relative to the ground G and the formation height of the temporary pavement 25 relative to the ground G. As a result, the boundaries between the lining plate 11 and the temporary pavement 25, and between the temporary pavement 25 and the pavement section 21 are formed so that no unevenness occurs. By preventing unevenness at the boundaries, a configuration can be made that allows vehicles 4 to travel stably without being subjected to large impacts when passing over them.

[0063] The second support structure 17 is capable of stably positioning the lining plate 11, and its configuration is not limited as long as it does not shift from its installation position on the invert plate 31 due to horizontal external forces such as those caused by the passage of vehicles 4. The second support structure 17 is made of, for example, a known steel plate that is long in the width direction.

[0064] Similar to temporary cover structure 1a, temporary cover structure 1b may be provided with a height adjustment section between the second frame 17 and the cover plate 11 that allows adjustment of the vertical height of the cover plate 11, thereby adjusting the height of the cover plate 11 so that no unevenness occurs between the cover plate 11 and the pavement section 21.

[0065] If the support section 16 can be installed in the excavation hole 15, the temporary covering structure 1b may also be configured similarly to the temporary covering structure 1a by laying temporary pavement 25 at the installation location of the second frame 17.

[0066] During the fifth night of the invert installation work for Tunnel 2, the work described above is completed, and as shown in Figure 8, the traffic restrictions on one side lane 23 are lifted. With the temporary covering structure 1b, one side lane 23 becomes passable for vehicles 4, and traffic remains open until the traffic restrictions are put in place on the sixth night (sixth step).

[0067] Figure 9 shows the work status from the 6th night (6th step) onward for the installation of the invert in tunnel 2. In the work from the 6th night onward, invert slabs 31 are laid sequentially in the unconstructed areas of the excavation hole 15 to form the invert 3a. The invert slabs 31 to be constructed in the unconstructed areas may be reinforced on the 6th night and concrete poured on the 7th night (7th step), similar to the invert slabs 31 that were constructed earlier, or they may be transported and installed as precast slabs.

[0068] As shown in Figure 10, after the invert 3a is formed, the restoration pavement 26 is laid in all the excavated holes 15. The restoration pavement 26 comprises a restoration subgrade 262 formed to a height approximately equal to that of the subgrade 212, and a restoration surface layer 261 laid on the restoration subgrade 262 and formed to a height approximately equal to that of the surface layer 211. The pavement section 21 and the restoration pavement 26 are formed so as not to cause unevenness at their respective boundaries. By ensuring that there is no unevenness at the boundaries, it is possible to create a configuration that allows vehicles 4 to travel stably without being subjected to large impacts when they pass over it.

[0069] After completing the above work, the traffic restrictions on one lane 23 are lifted and the invert installation work on the one lane 23 side is completed. Alternatively, during the night when the invert 3a is formed, the temporary pavement 25 may be formed again to lift the traffic restrictions on one lane 23, and paving work to form the restoration pavement 26 may be carried out the following night.

[0070] The work performed at each night (each step) in the first embodiment described above is merely an example, and the content of the work performed at each night can be appropriately changed according to the scale of construction and the work plan.

[0071] Following the procedure described above, nighttime work during the invert installation of Tunnel 2 will be carried out with alternating one-way traffic restrictions in place. Outside of nighttime work hours, traffic restrictions will be lifted, and invert 3a will be constructed on one side lane 23. As shown in Figure 11, after the construction of invert 3a is completed, invert 3b to be installed in the other lane 24 is constructed in the same procedure as described above. As shown in Figure 12, invert 3a and invert 3b are connected without any gaps to form invert 3, completing the construction.

[0072] Next, the operation and effects of the temporary covering structure and temporary covering method according to the embodiments of the present invention described above will be explained.

[0073] The temporary covering structure 1 is applied during each night of the tunnel 2 invert installation work when traffic restrictions are put in place on one side lane 23 or the other side lane 24, and when the pavement section 21 is excavated to form an excavation hole 15. The temporary covering structure 1 supports the lining plate 11 with multiple support frames 12 and is erected on the excavation hole 15 at a height that is approximately the same as the height at which the pavement section 21 is formed. According to the above configuration, traffic restrictions can be lifted while leaving the excavation holes 15 installed in one lane 23 or the other lane 24 in place. Therefore, traffic at the restricted area can be opened outside of construction hours. In this embodiment, invert construction can be carried out at night while ensuring one lane of traffic is open, and both lanes can be opened during the day and on holidays. Therefore, since traffic restrictions are not implemented outside of nighttime construction hours, the impact on general traffic at the construction site can be minimized.

[0074] The temporary covering structure 1 eliminates the need for restoration work such as backfilling the excavation holes 15 each time traffic restrictions are lifted (each nighttime work is performed) during construction. Because of its simple structure, it can improve the construction efficiency of the tunnel 2 invert installation work and reduce construction costs.

[0075] The temporary covering structure 1 is constructed such that the covering plate 11 is erected at a height that is approximately the same as the height of the pavement section 21, thereby ensuring that there are no uneven areas at the boundary between the covering plate 11 and the pavement section 21. Therefore, when traffic restrictions are lifted, the impact caused by unevenness when passing vehicles 4 over the boundary between the covering plate 11 and the pavement section 21 can be suppressed.

[0076] Furthermore, the temporary covering structure 1 is formed by arranging multiple covering plates 111 in a planar manner in the installation direction and width direction without gaps and without overlap. With the above configuration, the temporary covering structure 1 can divide the covering plate 11 by the covering board 111, thereby reducing the burden during transportation and erection work, and making it easy to form the covering plate 11. Furthermore, since the temporary covering structure 1 can erect the covering plate 11 without requiring a large crane or the like, the covering plate 11 can be easily erected even when there are constraints on the construction space, such as when the construction space is limited to one lane.

[0077] Furthermore, the temporary covering structure 1 includes multiple support sections 16, each of which is fitted with a steel plate 13 between the covering plate 11 and the frame 12. With the above configuration, the temporary covering structure 1 can make the area between the covering plate 11 and the support part 16 uniform, thereby eliminating unevenness at the contact point between the covering plate 11 and the support part 16, and allowing the covering plate 11 to be stably positioned by the support part 16.

[0078] Furthermore, in the temporary covering structure 1, the steel plate 13 is positioned to straddle the opposing ends 111b, 111b of adjacent covering plates 111, 111 in the erection direction in a plan view, thereby supporting the covering plate 11. With the above configuration, the temporary covering structure 1 can concentrate the loads applied by adjacent covering plates 111, 111 in the erection direction at the support portion 16 using the steel plate 13. Therefore, by eliminating the unevenness of the load acting on the contact points between the covering plate 11 and the steel plate 13 and making it uniform, the covering plate 11 can be stably positioned.

[0079] Furthermore, in the temporary covering structure 1, the frame 12 that constitutes the support section 16 is positioned at the lower part of both ends of the steel plate 13 in the installation direction. With the above configuration, the temporary covering structure 1 is supported by the frame 12 at both ends of the steel plate 13 in the erection direction, thus preventing the frame 12 from tipping over due to rotational moments caused by the load acting on the contact points between the covering plate 11 and the steel plate 13.

[0080] Furthermore, the temporary covering structure 1 is equipped with fixing claws 14 that connect adjacent covering plates 111, 111 in the erection direction. Adjacent covering plates 111, 111 in the erection direction are connected by engaging the fixing claws 14 with locking parts provided at their respective ends 111a, 111a. With the above configuration, the temporary covering structure 1 can suppress the occurrence of displacement between adjacent covering plates 111, 111 due to horizontal displacement, etc. Therefore, the covering plates 11 can be made uniform without gaps caused by displacement, and the safety of passing vehicles 4 can be ensured.

[0081] <Second Embodiment> Hereinafter, a temporary covering structure 1 and a temporary covering construction method for constructing the temporary covering structure 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In this embodiment, the same reference numerals are used for components identical to those in the first embodiment described above, and their descriptions are omitted. Components that differ from those in the first embodiment will be described.

[0082] Figure 13 shows the work status during the first night (first step) of the invert installation work for tunnel 2. During the first night's work, multiple excavation holes 15 are formed at regular intervals in the erection direction. Flat sections 152 are formed at both ends of the excavation holes 15 in the erection direction. A slope 153 is formed in the excavation holes 15, sloping from the end of the flat section 152 on the excavation hole 15 side toward the bottom 15a of the excavation hole 15. The slopes 153 formed at both ends of the excavation holes 15 in the erection direction are approximately the same in shape.

[0083] The flat section 152 is formed on the periphery of the excavated hole 15 in a plan view. The flat section 152 is provided so that the third support frame 18 can be installed. The flat section 152 has a rectangular outer shape in a plan view.

[0084] As shown in Figure 14, a third support frame 18 is installed on the flat section 152, and a covering plate 11 is installed on the third support frame 18, thereby forming the temporary covering structure 1. Based on the above, if we refer to the temporary covering structure 1 formed by the work on the first night as temporary covering structure 1c, then the temporary covering structure 1c consists of a covering plate 11 and a plurality of third support frames 18.

[0085] The combined thickness of the third support frame 18 and the lining plate 11 installed on the flat section 152 is approximately equal to the vertical height from the top surface of the pavement section 21 to the top surface of the flat section 152. The installation height of the lining plate 11 relative to the ground G is approximately equal to the formation height of the pavement section 21 relative to the ground G. Therefore, the lining plate 11 is positioned so that no unevenness occurs at the boundary with the pavement section 21.

[0086] The third support structure 18 is capable of stably positioning the lining plate 11, and its configuration is not limited as long as it does not shift from its installation position on the flat section 152 due to horizontal external forces such as the passage of passing vehicles 4. The third support structure 18 is provided, for example, on the flat section 152 which is formed in a rectangular shape in plan view, and is made of known steel material whose external shape in plan view substantially matches that of the flat section 152.

[0087] The temporary covering structure 1c, like the temporary covering structures 1a and 1b, may be provided with a height adjustment section between the third frame 18 and the covering plate 11 that allows for adjustment of the vertical height of the covering plate 11, thereby adjusting the height of the covering plate 11 so that no unevenness occurs between the covering plate 11 and the pavement section 21.

[0088] During the first night of the invert installation work for Tunnel 2, the above work will be carried out, and the traffic restrictions on one side lane 23 will be lifted. One side lane 23 will be made passable by vehicles 4 due to the temporary covering structure 1c, and traffic will remain open until the traffic restrictions are put in place on the second night (second step).

[0089] Figure 15 shows the work status during the second night (second step) and third night (third step) of the invert installation work for tunnel 2. The work during the second and third nights is similar to that in the first embodiment, involving the dismantling of the lining plate 11 and the installation of invert plates 31 in each excavation hole 15. The invert plates 31 may be reinforced with rebar during the second night and concrete poured during the third night, or they may be precast and installed. After the completion of work during each night (each step), the lining plate 11 is erected again to form a temporary cover structure 1c, and traffic restrictions on one side lane 23 are lifted, as shown in Figure 16. The temporary cover structure 1c allows vehicles 4 to pass through the one side lane 23, and traffic remains open until traffic restrictions are implemented during the next night's work. The work during the second and third nights installs invert plates 31 in a portion of the section.

[0090] Figure 17 shows the work status on the fourth night (fourth step) of the invert installation work for tunnel 2. In the work on the fourth night, similar to the work on the fourth night in the first embodiment, each excavation hole 15 is backfilled and temporary pavement 25 is laid, making one side lane 23 passable at all times.

[0091] Figure 18 shows the work status from the fifth night (fifth step) onward for the installation of the invert in tunnel 2. In the work from the fifth night onward, similar to the work from the sixth night onward in the first embodiment, the temporary pavement 25 laid in the areas where the invert slab 31 has not yet been installed is excavated, and the invert slab 31 is installed in each of the uninstalled areas to form the invert 3a. Note that the invert slab 31 to be installed in the uninstalled areas may be reinforced on the fifth night and concrete poured on the sixth night, similar to the invert slab 31 that was installed earlier, or it may be installed by transporting precast slabs.

[0092] After forming the invert 3a, the restoration pavement 26 is laid in the excavated area, traffic restrictions are lifted, and the invert installation work on one side of lane 23 is completed. Alternatively, during the night when the invert 3a is formed, temporary pavement 25 may be formed again, traffic restrictions on one side of lane 23 may be lifted, and paving work to form the restoration pavement 26 may be carried out the following night. If the invert 3a is constructed by cast-in-place, it cannot be backfilled immediately, so it is first restored with the covering plate 11, and then backfilled again at a later date. After the construction of invert 3a is completed, invert 3b is constructed on the other lane 24 using the same procedure as described above, and invert 3a and invert 3b are connected without any gaps to form invert 3, thus completing the work.

[0093] The nighttime work described in the second embodiment above is merely an example, and, as with the first embodiment, the content of the work performed each night can be appropriately changed according to the scale of construction and the work plan.

[0094] Next, the operation and effects of the temporary covering structure and temporary covering method according to the embodiments of the present invention described above will be explained.

[0095] The temporary covering structure 1 is formed by installing a third support frame 18 on a flat section 152 formed on the periphery of the excavated hole 15 in a plan view, and then installing a covering plate 11 on the third support frame 18. With the above configuration, the temporary covering structure 1 can stably position the covering plate 11 even when the depth of the excavation hole 15 is large, by installing the third support frame 18 on the flat section 152.

[0096] Furthermore, by forming slopes 153, 153 at both ends of the excavation hole 15 in the erection direction, it is possible to prevent the settlement of the flat section 152 due to the loading of the temporary covering structure 1 and passing vehicles 4, and to prevent the occurrence of unevenness between the covering plate 11 and the pavement section 21 due to the settlement of the flat section 152.

[0097] Although embodiments of the temporary covering structure and temporary covering method according to the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above and can be modified as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, in the first embodiment described above, the temporary covering structure 1a is configured such that the frame 12 is positioned below the steel plate 13, but each support portion 16 may be configured to support the frame 12, which has a contact surface that substantially coincides with the contact surface of the steel plate 13, so as to straddle the ends 111b, 111b in a plan view.

[0098] Furthermore, in the first embodiment described above, the temporary covering structure 1a includes a steel plate 13, but it may also be configured without a steel plate 13.

[0099] Furthermore, in the first embodiment described above, the steel plate 13 is positioned to straddle the opposing ends 111b, 111b of adjacent lining plates 111, 111 in the erection direction in a plan view, and supports the lining plate 11. However, it is also possible to configure it so that it does not straddle the ends 111b, 111b in a plan view.

[0100] Furthermore, in the first embodiment described above, the temporary covering structure 1a is fixed by engaging adjacent covering plates 111, 111 in the erection direction with a pair of locking parts and fixing claws 14, but it is also possible to have a configuration without locking parts and fixing claws 14. Alternatively, the fixing claws 14 may be attached in advance to the contact parts 112 of the covering plates 111. Moreover, the structure of the locking parts and fixing claws is not particularly limited as long as they can be connected.

[0101] Furthermore, in the second embodiment described above, the temporary covering structure 1 has a flat portion 152 formed on the periphery of the excavation hole 15 in a plan view, and the third support frame 18 and the covering plate 11 are provided on the flat portion 152. However, for example, the configuration may be such that the flat portion 152 is formed on both edges of the excavation hole 15 in the construction direction, and the third support frame 18 and the covering plate 11 are installed thereon.

[0102] Furthermore, in each of the above embodiments, the temporary covering structure 1 is applied to the construction of an invert in a tunnel 2 having two lanes, but it may also be applied to a tunnel with two or more lanes that is already in use. For example, in a tunnel with three lanes, construction can be carried out with one lane closed during nighttime work to maintain two lanes, and all three lanes can be made passable by installing the temporary covering structure 1 when not in use.

[0103] Furthermore, in each of the above embodiments, the temporary covering structure 1 is applied to the construction of an invert in a tunnel 2 having two lanes, but it may also be applied to construction work involving traffic restrictions other than the construction of a tunnel invert. For example, even in construction work that requires a certain period of time, such as excavating the pavement to install or remove the foundations for road structures such as signs, the temporary covering structure can be installed at the excavation site, allowing traffic to be lifted and the road to pass while leaving the excavation site intact. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0104] 1. Temporary covering structure 2. Road tunnels (tunnels) 3 Invert 11. Covering plate 12 mounting bases 13 Steel plate 14 Fixed claw 15 Excavation holes 17. Second mounting base (mounting base) 18. Third mounting base (mounting base) 21 Paved section 111 Covering plate 111b End

Claims

[Claim 1] A temporary lining method applicable to construction work involving excavating the paved section inside a tunnel and installing an invert to reinforce the tunnel, The process of implementing traffic restrictions on some lanes of a road with multiple lanes, The process of excavating the paved portion of the aforementioned lane, The process of installing a support structure at a predetermined position on an excavated hole formed by excavating the aforementioned paved area, The process of constructing the invert in the aforementioned excavated hole, The process involves erecting a lining plate supported by the frame on the excavated hole at a height approximately equal to the height of the paved area, The process of lifting traffic restrictions after installing the aforementioned covering plate and leaving the aforementioned excavation hole in place, Equipped with, Temporary covering method.

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