Complex stratum comprehensive pipe gallery, composite formwork free of disassembly and construction method

Abstract

The application provides a complex stratum comprehensive pipe gallery, a composite formwork which can be removed without disassembly and a construction method, and comprises a bottom plate foundation, a side wall foundation, a side wall and a top plate, the side wall is provided with a prefabricated side wall outer formwork which can be removed without disassembly and a prefabricated side wall inner formwork which can be removed without disassembly, a stay bolt is arranged between the side wall inner formwork and the side wall outer formwork, a pre-embedded steel plate is pre-embedded in the side wall inner formwork, an outer nut and an inner nut are fixedly arranged on the pre-embedded steel plate, the inner nut is used for being connected with a cable support base, the outer nut is used for being connected with a side wall truss steel bar, and the side wall truss steel bar is fixedly connected with an inner steel bar sheet and an outer steel bar sheet. The application can greatly improve the construction efficiency, especially the time required for waiting for final setting and removing the formwork and the time required for cleaning and installing a groove when installing the cable support.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of underground utility tunnel construction, and in particular to a complex stratum integrated utility tunnel, a composite formwork that does not require dismantling, and a construction method. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid pace of urbanization in my country in recent years, the importance of urban underground utility tunnel construction has become increasingly prominent. According to surveys, most utility tunnels are buried at a depth of approximately 2-8 meters, and most are relatively flat, making construction relatively simple. However, with the continuous expansion of urbanization and roads extending from urban to rural areas, the geological conditions they traverse are complex, and the overall terrain is uneven, making the construction environment for utility tunnels increasingly complex and demanding higher levels of waterproofing for underground structures. One project's utility tunnel needs to traverse low hills, valleys, forests, and piedmont plains, with groundwater depths of 0.5-1.4 meters in some locations. The completed tunnel will remain below the normal water level for an extended period, making construction more challenging. Existing solutions involve installing cable supports on the inner side of the tunnels, using pre-embedded channel-shaped fittings, with the cable supports then connected to these fittings via bolts. However, during the pouring process, the channel-shaped fittings are easily displaced by the impact of cement slurry, leading to difficulties in subsequent installation and low positioning accuracy. Furthermore, the strength of the channel-shaped fittings is not high. Although they are filled with foam, cement slurry can still easily enter the fittings, making the installation efficiency of cable supports very low. Some technicians have proposed using formwork-free construction for pipe racks to improve efficiency, but the design of waterproof structures remains a challenge. Chinese patent document CN111074939A describes a formwork-free concrete single-compartment or multi-compartment pipe rack and its construction method, which uses straight or T-shaped steel cages at the joints for waterproofing. However, this structure has poor seepage prevention, and to avoid interference with the truss reinforcement, existing solutions use steel cages between the truss reinforcements. This results in shorter single-section formwork and more construction joints, failing to improve construction efficiency. Moreover, in addition to solving the above technical problems, the economic efficiency and construction efficiency must also be considered. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a composite, non-removable formwork for integrated pipe gallery in complex strata, which can avoid the problem of pre-embedded structures being blocked by concrete grout, improve construction efficiency, and facilitate rapid formwork erection.

[0004] Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a construction method for integrated utility tunnels in complex strata, which can significantly improve the construction efficiency of underground utility tunnels, especially by allowing for early formwork removal and curing, and early preparation for the construction of the next pouring section.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a complex stratum integrated pipe gallery, including a bottom slab foundation, side wall foundation, side walls and a top slab, the side walls are provided with prefabricated non-removable side wall outer formwork and prefabricated non-removable side wall inner formwork, and tie rods are provided between the side wall inner formwork and the side wall outer formwork; An embedded steel plate is pre-embedded in the inner formwork of the side wall. An outer nut and an inner nut are fixed on the embedded steel plate. The inner nut is used to connect with the cable bracket base, and the outer nut is used to connect with the side wall truss reinforcement. The side wall truss reinforcement is fixedly connected with the inner and outer reinforcement plates.

[0006] In the preferred embodiment, one end of the inner nut is flush with the inner wall of the side wall mold. One end of the outer nut is flush with the side of the inner mold of the side wall that is close to the outer mold of the side wall, and the other end of the outer nut is a certain distance away from the inner wall of the inner mold of the side wall.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, a connecting sleeve for passing through bolts is fixed on the side wall truss reinforcement bars to securely connect the side wall truss reinforcement bars to the inner nut. The side wall truss reinforcement, inner reinforcement plates, outer reinforcement plates, and side wall inner formwork are processed in the factory, transported separately, and assembled on site; An operating window is provided on the outer wall of the side wall outer formwork for installing tie rods and vibrating.

[0008] In the preferred embodiment, a non-removable top formwork is also provided, with top formwork truss reinforcement bars at the top of the non-removable top formwork, and the top formwork truss reinforcement bars are fixedly connected to the top reinforcement cage; The top steel cage has a truss structure in the transverse direction, and the various truss structures are fixedly connected longitudinally by multiple longitudinal bars arranged in two layers.

[0009] In the preferred embodiment, the inner formwork of the side wall is made of UHPC material, and the outer formwork of the side wall is made of phosphogypsum concrete; the non-removable top formwork is made of aluminum alloy plate or UHPC material.

[0010] In the preferred embodiment, an expansion joint is provided between the two sections of the integrated pipe gallery, and an external wall expansion waterstop is provided between the inner sides of the outer walls of the two sections of the side wall outer formwork, with a protrusion in the middle of the external wall expansion waterstop. An inner wall expansion joint is provided between the inner wall formwork of the two segments and the outer wall formwork of the side wall, and a protrusion is provided in the middle of the inner wall expansion joint. An elastic filler is used to fill the space between the external wall expansion joint and the internal wall expansion joint.

[0011] In the preferred embodiment, anchor cones are pre-embedded near the top of the side wall foundation, and the anchor cones are used to connect with the longitudinal grout stop plate; Expansion joint sealing plates are installed outside the vertical joints of the inner formwork of the two segment side walls. The expansion joint sealing plates are pressed tightly against the surface of the inner formwork of the side walls by pressure rods. The pressure rods are connected to the outer nuts of the inner formwork of the two segment side walls by bolts respectively. A longitudinal waterstop is installed at the top of the side wall foundation; The length of a single integrated utility tunnel segment is 6-12 meters.

[0012] A composite, non-removable formwork for integrated utility tunnels in complex geological formations includes a prefabricated, non-removable outer sidewall formwork and a prefabricated, non-removable inner sidewall formwork, with tie rods and bolts provided between the inner and outer sidewall formworks. An embedded steel plate is pre-embedded in the inner formwork of the side wall. An outer nut and an inner nut are fixed on the embedded steel plate. The inner nut is used to connect with the cable bracket base, and the outer nut is used to connect with the side wall truss reinforcement. The side wall truss reinforcement is fixedly connected with the inner and outer reinforcement plates. The side wall truss reinforcement, inner reinforcement plates, outer reinforcement plates, and side wall inner formwork are constructed in the factory, transported separately, and assembled on site. An operating window is provided on the outer wall of the side wall outer formwork for installing tie rods and vibrating.

[0013] A construction method for integrated utility tunnels in complex geological formations includes the following steps: S1. Construction of the foundation slab and side wall foundations; S2. The side wall outer formwork, side wall inner formwork, side wall truss reinforcement, inner reinforcement plates and outer reinforcement plates, as well as the top formwork that does not need to be removed, are processed in the factory. And transported to the construction site; S3. Install the outer and inner formwork of the side walls on site, install tie rods from the outer formwork of the side walls, and reserve longitudinal reinforcement for the current pipe gallery segment to extend to the next pipe gallery segment. S4. Pour concrete and cure concrete without removing the outer and inner formwork of the side walls; S5. Install a non-removable top formwork on the top of the side wall, pour concrete on the non-removable top formwork, and cure the concrete. S6. When pouring the next pipe gallery segment, the reserved longitudinal reinforcement extends into the pouring cavity between the outer formwork and the inner formwork of the side wall of the next pipe gallery segment and is fixedly connected with the reinforcement of the next pipe gallery segment. In the expansion joint between the two pipe gallery segments, internal wall expansion sealing plates and external wall expansion sealing plates are installed, and elastic filler is used to fill the joint. Then pour the side wall of the next pipe gallery segment; S7. Secure the cable bracket base to the outer nut using bolts; The above steps enable efficient construction of integrated utility tunnels in complex geological formations.

[0014] In the preferred embodiment, in S1, anchor cones are pre-embedded in the inner wall of the side wall foundation; In S3, the side wall truss reinforcement bars are first fixedly connected to the inner nut with bolts, and then the inner and outer reinforcement bars are fixedly connected to the side wall truss reinforcement bars. Then, the tie rod is fixedly connected to the pre-installed inner nut; The expansion joint of the inner wall is fixedly connected to the back of the inner formwork of the side wall; Then install the outer formwork of the side wall, with the tie rod passing through the pre-drilled hole on the outer formwork of the side wall and connecting it with the nut; Then, the expansion joint of the exterior wall is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the side wall formwork; The longitudinal grout stop plate is fixedly connected to the anchor cone; In S4, after pouring, vibration is carried out through the operation window of the outer formwork of the side wall. When the pouring exceeds the position of the operation window, the operation window is sealed. In S5, the top formwork that does not need to be removed is constructed after the side wall has finally set. In S6, the inner and outer steel bars of the next pipe gallery segment are fixedly connected to the longitudinal bars reserved in the current pipe gallery segment. Vertical baffles are installed inside the telescopic section to limit the flow range of the elastic filler; An expansion joint sealing plate is installed outside the expansion joint, and then pressed tightly with a pressure bar. The two ends of the pressure bar are respectively fixedly connected to the outer nuts of the two pipe rack sections. Once the sidewall concrete of the current utility tunnel segment has initially set, the formwork erection and concrete pouring construction of the next utility tunnel segment can begin.

[0015] This invention provides a comprehensive utility tunnel in complex geological formations, a composite, non-removable formwork, and a construction method. The beneficial effects are: 1. Significantly improves construction efficiency, especially the time required for final setting and formwork removal, as well as the time required for cleaning the installation trench when installing cable supports.

[0016] 2. This invention can effectively improve the waterproof and seepage-proof effect, and the expansion joint structure can adapt to the settlement and deformation of the corridor segments.

[0017] 3. The present invention uses segment lengths of 6-12 meters, which can further adapt to the settlement changes of complex strata. Moreover, the present invention can achieve uninterrupted construction, that is, after the construction of the previous corridor segment is completed, the construction work of the next corridor segment can begin, which further improves the construction efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the underground utility tunnel of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of the location of the pre-embedded steel plate in the side wall of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the outer wall of the side wall outer mold of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the expansion joint of the pipe gallery segment according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention when arranged on a longitudinal slope.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Side wall outer formwork, 101. Operation window, 2. Side wall inner formwork, 201. Outer nut, 202. Inner nut, 203. Embedded steel plate, 3. Vertical reinforcement, 4. Side wall truss reinforcement, 5. Connecting sleeve, 51. Tie rod, 6. Longitudinal waterstop, 7. Longitudinal grout stop, 8. Anchor cone, 9. Side wall foundation, 10. Bottom slab foundation, 11. Top formwork truss reinforcement, 12. Removable top formwork, 13. Top reinforcement cage, 14. Compression rod, 15. Expansion joint grout stop, 16. Inner wall expansion waterstop, 17. Elastic filler, 18. Outer reinforcement plate, 19. Inner reinforcement plate, 20. Outer wall expansion waterstop, 21. Cable bracket base, 22. Detailed Implementation

[0024] Example 1: like Figure 1 , 2 In section 4, a complex stratum integrated utility tunnel includes a bottom slab foundation 11, a side wall foundation 10, side walls and a top slab. The side walls are provided with a prefabricated non-removable outer side wall formwork 1 and a prefabricated non-removable inner side wall formwork 2. Tie rods 6 are provided between the inner side wall formwork 2 and the outer side wall formwork 1. like Figure 2 As shown, an embedded steel plate 203 is pre-embedded within the inner formwork 2 of the side wall. An outer nut 201 and an inner nut 202 are fixed to the embedded steel plate 203. The inner nut 202 is used to connect to the cable bracket base 22, and the outer nut 201 is used to connect to the side wall truss reinforcement 5. The side wall truss reinforcement 5 is fixedly connected to the inner reinforcement plate 20 and the outer reinforcement plate 19. With this structure, through the embedded steel plate 203, the inner formwork 2 of the side wall can be used to connect a variety of structures. In addition to the side wall truss reinforcement 5, tie rods 6, and cable brackets, it can also be used to connect and fix the grout stop plate, as well as connect the diagonal bracing. This makes the pouring construction more convenient and improves construction efficiency.

[0025] Preferred solutions include Figure 2 In the middle, one end of the inner nut 202 is flush with the inner wall of the inner mold 2 of the side wall; One end of the outer nut 201 is flush with the side of the inner mold 2 near the outer mold 1, while the other end of the outer nut 201 is a certain distance away from the inner wall of the inner mold 2. This structure avoids leaving marks on the other side of the nut.

[0026] Preferred solutions include Figure 2 In the middle, a connecting sleeve 51 for passing through bolts is fixed on the side wall truss steel bar 5 to fix the side wall truss steel bar 5 to the inner nut 202. The side wall truss reinforcement bars 5, inner reinforcement bars 20, outer reinforcement bars 19, and side wall inner formwork 2 are processed in the factory, transported separately, and assembled on site. This structure significantly reduces the difficulty of transportation, hoisting, and transfer. Furthermore, on-site assembly ensures installation quality and avoids the risk of defects in the entire process. like Figure 3 In this system, an operating window 101 is provided on the outer wall of the side wall outer formwork 1 for installing tie rods 6 and for vibration. After operation, the operating window 101 is closed from the inside by a frustum-shaped cover plate with bolts on the cover plate and secured by a reverse pull. During the pouring process, the concrete will press the cover plate tightly. Since the side wall outer formwork 1 is covered by backfill soil, the appearance requirements are not high.

[0027] Preferred solutions include Figure 1 In addition, there is a non-removable top formwork 13, and the top of the non-removable top formwork 13 is provided with top formwork truss steel bars 12, which are fixedly connected to the top steel cage 14. The top reinforcement cage 14 has a truss structure in the transverse direction, and the various truss structures are fixedly connected longitudinally by multiple longitudinal bars arranged in two layers. That is, the top reinforcement cage 14 is a truss structure pre-embedded in the non-removable top formwork 13. The truss structures are arranged transversely, with both ends located at the top of the side walls and fixedly connected to the pre-reserved vertical bars in the side walls. The cross-section of the truss structure is rectangular or triangular. Then, at least two layers of longitudinal bars fix the various truss structures longitudinally to form the entire structure of the top reinforcement cage 14.

[0028] In the preferred embodiment, the inner formwork 2 of the side wall is made of UHPC (Ultra-High Performance Concrete) material, with a thickness of 2-3 cm and a single piece length of 6-12 meters. Compared with the existing technology's cast-in-place length of 30 meters, although the single-section gallery segment of the present invention is shortened, it achieves better deformation resistance for complex strata. The height of the inner formwork 2 of the side wall is the same as the height of the side wall, which is 2.5-3 meters. The outer formwork 1 of the side wall is made of phosphogypsum concrete, with the phosphogypsum content in the gypsum concrete exceeding 60% to fully utilize solid waste. The non-removable top formwork 13 is made of aluminum alloy plate or UHPC material.

[0029] Preferred solutions include Figure 4In this invention, an expansion joint is provided between two sections of the integrated utility tunnel, and an external wall expansion joint waterstop 21 is provided between the inner sides of the outer wall of the side wall outer formwork 1 of the two sections. The external wall expansion joint waterstop 21 has a protrusion in the middle. With this structure, the expansion joint of this invention has a large allowance for expansion and contraction, thus addressing the problem of different deformation amounts in different areas of complex geological formations. Since the external wall expansion joint waterstop 21 is located on the inner side of the side wall outer formwork 1, it achieves self-sealing under the pressure of the poured concrete. The external wall expansion joint waterstop 21 can be fixed with screws or AB glue during installation.

[0030] An inner wall expansion joint 17 is provided between the inner wall formwork 2 of the two segments and the outer wall formwork 1 of the side wall. The inner wall expansion joint 17 has a protrusion in the middle. An elastic filler 18 is used to fill the space between the external wall expansion joint 21 and the internal wall expansion joint 17. The elastic filler 18 is made of polyurethane, composite asphalt fiber, or epoxy resin.

[0031] In the preferred embodiment, an anchor cone 9 is pre-embedded near the top of the side wall foundation 10. The anchor cone 9 is used to connect with the longitudinal grout stop plate 8 to achieve the closure between the side wall foundation 10 and the side wall. After the construction is completed, the longitudinal grout stop plate 8 is removed.

[0032] Expansion joint sealing plates 16 are installed outside the vertical joints of the inner formwork 2 of the two side wall segments. The expansion joint sealing plates 16 are pressed tightly against the surface of the inner formwork 2 of the side wall by pressure rods 15. The pressure rods 15 are connected to the outer nuts 201 of the inner formwork 2 of the two side wall segments by bolts respectively. The expansion joint sealing plates 16 do not need to be removed later. When backfilling, the inner wall expansion sealing plates 17 are pressed tightly at the position of the expansion joint to achieve a self-sealing effect.

[0033] A longitudinal waterstop plate 7 is provided at the top of the side wall foundation 10; Preferably, a longitudinal waterstop is provided at the top of the side wall.

[0034] The length of a single integrated utility tunnel segment is 6-12 meters.

[0035] Example 2: This invention provides a composite, non-removable formwork for integrated utility tunnels in complex geological formations, which is a product that can be sold separately. The composite, non-removable formwork includes a prefabricated, non-removable outer sidewall formwork 1 and a prefabricated, non-removable inner sidewall formwork 2, with tie rods 6 provided between the inner sidewall formwork 2 and the outer sidewall formwork 1; An embedded steel plate 203 is pre-embedded in the inner formwork 2 of the side wall. An outer nut 201 and an inner nut 202 are fixed on the embedded steel plate 203. The inner nut 202 is used to connect with the cable bracket base 22, and the outer nut 201 is used to connect with the side wall truss reinforcement 5. The side wall truss reinforcement 5 is fixedly connected with the inner reinforcement plate 20 and the outer reinforcement plate 19. The side wall truss reinforcement 5, inner reinforcement 20, outer reinforcement 19 and side wall inner formwork 2 are constructed in the factory, transported separately and assembled on site; An operation window 101 is provided on the outer wall of the side wall outer formwork 1 for installing tie rods 6 and vibrating.

[0036] Example 3: A construction method for integrated utility tunnels in complex geological formations includes the following steps: S1, Construction of the base slab foundation 11 and the side wall foundation 10; In the preferred embodiment, in S1, anchor cones 9 are pre-embedded in the inner wall of the side wall foundation 10 for subsequent installation of longitudinal grout stop plates 8. This structure can prevent grout leakage and significantly improve the appearance quality of the concrete.

[0037] S2. Prepare the outer formwork 1, inner formwork 2, side wall truss reinforcement 5, inner reinforcement 20 and outer reinforcement 19, and the top formwork 13 that does not need to be removed in the factory. And transported to the construction site; S3. Install the outer formwork 1 and inner formwork 2 of the side wall on site, install tie rods 6 from the outer formwork 1 of the side wall, and reserve longitudinal reinforcement for the current pipe gallery segment to extend to the next pipe gallery segment. Preferably, in S3, the inner steel bar 20 and the outer steel bar 19 are first fixedly connected to the side wall truss steel bar 5, and then the side wall truss steel bar 5 is fixedly connected to the inner nut 202 with bolts, thus completing the installation of the steel cage; Then, the tie rod 6 is fixedly connected to the reserved inner nut 202; The inner wall expansion joint 17 is fixedly connected to the back of the side wall inner formwork 2; Then install the outer mold 1 of the side wall, and the tie rod 6 passes through the reserved hole on the outer mold 1 of the side wall and is connected with the nut; Then, the external wall expansion joint 21 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the side wall outer formwork 1; the fixing of the external wall expansion joint 21 is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the expansion joint sealing plate 16 is set at the position of the inner wall expansion sealing plate 17, and then fixed with the pressure rod 15. The two ends of the pressure rod 15 are fixedly connected to the outer nuts 201 of the free pre-embedded steel plate 203.

[0038] The longitudinal grout stop plate 8 is fixedly connected to the anchor cone 9; When fixing the diagonal brace, connect the diagonal brace to the free outer nut 201 to adjust the shape and position accuracy of the inner mold 2 of the side wall and fix it.

[0039] The above steps complete the installation of the entire composite, non-removable template.

[0040] S4. Pour concrete and cure concrete without removing the outer formwork 1 and inner formwork 2 of the side wall. In step S4, after pouring, vibration is performed through the operation window 101 of the outer formwork 1 of the side wall. When the pouring reaches the position of the operation window 101, the operation window 101 is sealed from the inside. S5. Install the non-removable top formwork 13 on the top of the side wall, pour concrete on the non-removable top formwork 13, and cure the concrete. Preferably, in step S5, the non-removable top formwork 13 is constructed after the side wall has fully set; there is no need to erect a full-slab scaffold. If the construction period is tight, a full-slab scaffold can also be erected to allow the top slab and side wall to be constructed simultaneously. The advantage of this scheme is that it eliminates the need to install longitudinal waterstops at the top of the side wall, but the removal time of the full-slab scaffold must be at least 80% of the setting period.

[0041] S6. When pouring the next pipe gallery segment, the reserved longitudinal reinforcement 4 extends into the pouring cavity between the outer formwork 1 and the inner formwork 2 of the side wall of the next pipe gallery segment, and is fixedly connected with the reinforcement of the next pipe gallery segment. An inner wall expansion joint 17 and an outer wall expansion joint 21 are installed between the two pipe gallery segments, and an elastic filler 18 is used to fill the expansion joint. Then pour the side wall of the next pipe gallery segment; In the preferred embodiment, in S6, the inner steel bar 20 and outer steel bar 19 of the next pipe gallery segment are fixedly connected to the longitudinal reinforcement 4 reserved in the current pipe gallery segment; Vertical baffles are provided inside the telescopic section to limit the flow range of the elastic filler 18; An expansion joint sealing plate 16 is installed outside the expansion joint, and then pressed with a pressure rod 15. The two ends of the pressure rod 15 are respectively fixedly connected to the outer nuts 201 of the two pipe rack sections. Once the sidewall concrete of the current utility tunnel segment has initially set, the formwork erection and concrete pouring construction of the next utility tunnel segment can begin.

[0042] Preferably, after the pipe gallery segment is poured and set, a waterproof membrane is wrapped around the outer layer of the pipe gallery segment, and then backfilling is carried out symmetrically on both sides layer by layer to complete the construction.

[0043] S7. Secure the cable bracket base 22 to the outer nut 201 using bolts; The above steps enable efficient construction of integrated utility tunnels in complex geological formations.

[0044] Although this application has been described in conjunction with specific features and embodiments, it is obvious that various modifications and combinations can be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Accordingly, this specification and drawings are merely illustrative descriptions of the application as defined by the appended claims, and are considered to cover any and all modifications, variations, combinations, or equivalents within the scope of this application. Clearly, those skilled in the art can make various alterations and modifications to this application without departing from its scope. Thus, if such modifications and modifications fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, this application is also intended to include such modifications and modifications.

Claims

1. A complex stratum integrated utility tunnel, comprising a base slab foundation (11), side wall foundations (10), side walls, and a roof slab, characterized in that: The side wall is provided with a prefabricated non-removable side wall outer formwork (1) and a prefabricated non-removable side wall inner formwork (2), and a tie rod (6) is provided between the side wall inner formwork (2) and the side wall outer formwork (1). An embedded steel plate (203) is pre-embedded in the inner formwork (2) of the side wall. An outer nut (201) and an inner nut (202) are fixed on the embedded steel plate (203). The inner nut (202) is used to connect with the cable bracket base (22), and the outer nut (201) is used to connect with the side wall truss reinforcement (5). The side wall truss reinforcement (5) is fixedly connected with the inner reinforcement plate (20) and the outer reinforcement plate (19).

2. The integrated utility tunnel in complex strata according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the inner nut (202) is flush with the inner wall of the inner mold (2) of the side wall; One end of the outer nut (201) is flush with the side of the inner mold (2) of the side wall close to the outer mold (1), and the other end of the outer nut (201) is a distance away from the inner wall of the inner mold (2).

3. The integrated utility tunnel in complex strata according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting sleeve (51) for passing through bolts is fixed on the side wall truss reinforcement (5) to fix the side wall truss reinforcement (5) to the inner nut (202); The side wall truss reinforcement (5), inner reinforcement (20), outer reinforcement (19) and side wall inner formwork (2) are processed in the factory, transported separately, and assembled on site; An operating window (101) is provided on the outer wall of the side wall outer formwork (1) for installing tie rods (6) and vibrating.

4. The integrated utility tunnel in complex strata according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: It also has a non-removable top formwork (13), and the top of the non-removable top formwork (13) is provided with top formwork truss steel bars (12), which are fixedly connected to the top steel cage (14). The transverse of the top steel cage (14) is a truss structure, and the various truss structures are fixedly connected longitudinally by multiple longitudinal bars arranged in two layers.

5. The integrated utility tunnel in complex strata according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner formwork (2) of the side wall is made of UHPC material, and the outer formwork (1) of the side wall is made of phosphogypsum concrete material; the top formwork (13) that can be removed is made of aluminum alloy plate or UHPC material.

6. The integrated utility tunnel in complex strata according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and 5, characterized in that: in An expansion joint is provided between the two sections of the integrated pipe gallery. An external wall expansion waterstop (21) is provided between the inner sides of the outer wall of the side wall outer formwork (1) of the two sections. A protrusion is provided in the middle of the external wall expansion waterstop (21). An inner wall expansion joint (17) is provided between the inner wall formwork (2) of the two segments and the outer wall formwork (1). The inner wall expansion joint (17) has a protrusion in the middle. An elastic filler (18) is filled between the external wall expansion joint (21) and the internal wall expansion joint (17).

7. The integrated utility tunnel in complex strata according to claim 6, characterized in that: An anchor cone (9) is pre-embedded near the top of the side wall foundation (10). The anchor cone (9) is used to connect with the longitudinal grout stop plate (8). Expansion joint sealing plate (16) is provided outside the vertical joint of the inner formwork (2) of the two segment side wall. The expansion joint sealing plate (16) is pressed against the surface of the inner formwork (2) by pressure rod (15). The pressure rod (15) is connected to the outer nuts (201) of the inner formwork (2) of the two segment side wall by bolts respectively. A longitudinal waterstop (7) is provided on the top of the side wall foundation (10); The length of a single integrated utility tunnel segment is 6-12 meters.

8. A composite, non-removable formwork for integrated utility tunnels in complex geological formations, characterized in that: It includes a prefabricated non-removable side wall outer formwork (1) and a prefabricated non-removable side wall inner formwork (2), with tie rods (6) provided between the side wall inner formwork (2) and the side wall outer formwork (1). An embedded steel plate (203) is pre-embedded in the inner formwork (2) of the side wall. An outer nut (201) and an inner nut (202) are fixed on the embedded steel plate (203). The inner nut (202) is used to connect with the cable bracket base (22), and the outer nut (201) is used to connect with the side wall truss reinforcement (5). The side wall truss reinforcement (5) is fixedly connected with the inner reinforcement plate (20) and the outer reinforcement plate (19). The side wall truss reinforcement (5), inner reinforcement (20), outer reinforcement (19) and side wall inner formwork (2) are constructed in the factory, transported separately, and assembled on site; An operating window (101) is provided on the outer wall of the side wall outer formwork (1) for installing tie rods (6) and vibrating.

9. A construction method for integrated utility tunnels in complex geological formations, characterized by: Includes the following steps: S1, Construction of the base slab foundation (11) and side wall foundation (10). S2. The side wall outer formwork (1), side wall inner formwork (2), side wall truss reinforcement (5), inner reinforcement plate (20) and outer reinforcement plate (19), as well as the non-removable top formwork (13) are processed in the factory. And transported to the construction site; S3. Install the outer formwork (1) and inner formwork (2) of the side wall on site, and install tie rods (6) from the outer formwork (1). The current pipe gallery segment is reserved for the longitudinal reinforcement to extend to the next pipe gallery segment. S4. Pour concrete and cure concrete without removing the outer formwork (1) and inner formwork (2) of the side wall. S5. Install the non-removable top formwork (13) on the top of the side wall, pour concrete on the non-removable top formwork (13), and cure the concrete. S6. When pouring the next pipe gallery segment, the reserved longitudinal reinforcement (4) extends into the pouring cavity between the outer formwork (1) and the inner formwork (2) of the side wall of the next pipe gallery segment, and is fixedly connected with the reinforcement of the next pipe gallery segment. An inner wall expansion joint (17) and an outer wall expansion joint (21) are installed between the two pipe gallery segments, and an elastic filler (18) is used to fill the joint. Then pour the side wall of the next pipe gallery segment; S7. Secure the cable bracket base (22) to the outer nut (201) with bolts; The above steps enable efficient construction of integrated utility tunnels in complex geological formations.

10. The construction method of the integrated utility tunnel in complex strata according to claim 9, characterized in that: In S1, anchor cones (9) are pre-embedded in the inner wall of the side wall foundation (10). In S3, the side wall truss reinforcement (5) is first fixedly connected to the inner nut (202) with bolts, and then the inner reinforcement plate (20) and the outer reinforcement plate (19) are fixedly connected to the side wall truss reinforcement (5). Then, the tie rod (6) is fixedly connected to the reserved inner nut (202); The inner wall expansion joint (17) is fixedly connected to the back of the side wall inner formwork (2); Then install the side wall outer mold (1), and the tie rod (6) passes through the reserved hole on the side wall outer mold (1) and is connected with the nut; Then, the expansion joint (21) of the outer wall is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the side wall formwork (1); The longitudinal grout stop plate (8) is fixedly connected to the anchor cone (9); In S4, after pouring, vibration is carried out through the operation window (101) of the outer formwork (1) of the side wall. When the pouring reaches a position beyond the operation window (101), the operation window (101) is sealed. In S5, the top formwork (13) that does not need to be removed is constructed after the side wall has set. In S6, the inner steel bar sheet (20) and outer steel bar sheet (19) of the next pipe gallery segment are fixedly connected to the longitudinal reinforcement (4) reserved in the current pipe gallery segment; Vertical baffles are installed inside the telescopic section to limit the flow range of the elastic filler (18); An expansion joint sealing plate (16) is installed outside the expansion joint, and then pressed with a pressure bar (15). The two ends of the pressure bar (15) are respectively fixedly connected to the outer nuts (201) of the two pipe rack sections. Once the sidewall concrete of the current utility tunnel segment has initially set, the formwork erection and concrete pouring construction of the next utility tunnel segment can begin.

Images